Question Bank

Subject: Antenna and Wave Propagation 1) Which are various forms of antenna arrays? Explain their technical features and draw their ideal radiation patterns. [7] (May 2012)
2) Obtain expression for the resultant field due to two isotropic point sources placed at a

distance d and fed with the same amplitude of currents but with a phase of .Sketch the radiation pattern for the spacing of d= /2 and phase =180. [5] (Nov 2011) 3) For two element array consisting identical radiators carrying equal currents in phase, obtain positions of maxima and minima of the radiation pattern if the distance of separation d = . [7] (Jan 2013) 4) Justify the statement: For a uniform linear array, the first secondary maximum is 13.5 dB below the principal maximum. [2] (Nov 2011) 5) Explain the principle of pattern multiplication for arrays of point sources. [7] (May 2011)
(Jan 2013)

6) Explain Binomial array with examples. [3] (Nov 2011) 7) Explain Schelkunoff Theorem and show its usefulness. [7] (May 2011) 8) Discuss the following with respect to Chebyshevs distribution: (I) Chebyshevs polynomials Tm(x) and its curve for both m even and m odd. (II) Polynomial T4(x). [4] (Nov 2011) 9) Using reciprocity theorem to antennas show that effective lengths of transmitting and receiving antennas are the same. [7] (NOV 2011) 10) Compare far fields of Short Dipole and Small Loop antenna.[7] (MAY 2011) 11) Derive expression for Radiation Resistance of Loop antenna. [7] (MAY 2011) (JAN 2013) 12) Show that Short Magnetic dipole is equivalent to a Loop. [7] (MAY 2011) 13) What is a slot antenna and where is it used? State Babinets principle and illustrate its application to slot antennas and complementary antennas. (7 Marks) 14) Explain with suitable sketches perpendicular mode helical antenna; also derive the equations to get circular polarization in perpendicular mode. State disadvantages of this mode.

15) It is desired to achieve a right hand circularly polarized wave with HPBW of 39.One way to do this with helix antenna. It is to be built with pitch angle of 12.5, and C of on turn is to be one wavelength at the centre frequency of operation, which is 475 MHz Calculate a. Number of turns needed b. Directivity in decibels c. Axial ratio of an axial field d. Over what range of frequencies will these parameters remain relatively constant? e. Input impedance at design frequency and at the end of band. f. FNBW 16) What do you mean by frequency independent antennas? Draw the log periodic wire antenna and explain its functioning and design concepts in detail. [7] (May 2011) 17) Show how impedance matching is done with the help of Folded Dipole Antenna. [7] (May 2011) 18) Explain Frequency Scanning Arrays and mention its advantages. [7] (May 2011) 19) Explain the working of an artificial dielectric lens antennas and derive the relation for effective index of refraction of such a lens formed by conducting spheres.[7] (Nov 2011) 20) Explain Non-metallic Dielectric Lens Antenna .[7] (Jan 2013)

21) Define the following terms with necessary diagrams and equations: a. Radiation pattern b. Antenna aperture c. Far Field d. Effective length of an antenna e. Antenna f. Radiation Resistance g. Antenna field zones h. Directivity i. Beam solid angle j. HPBW k. Fading 22) Justify: The directivity of an antenna is equal to the number of point sources that the antenna can resolve. 23) Obtain the expression for the resultant field due to two isotropic point sources placed at a distance d and fed with the same amplitude of currents but with a phase of . Sketch the radiation pattern for the spacing of d=/2 and phase =180.

24) Explain the following antenna parameters: a. Radiation intensity b. Directivity and directivity gain c. Effective aperture d. Polarization. Obtain the relation between effective aperture and gain of an antenna. 25) Draw the crosssection of cylindrical parabolic reflector and a reflector with paraboloid of revolution and derive the field intensity ratio in the aperture plane for both. Calculate gain in dB and beamwidth of a paraboloidal reflector of a 4m diameter at 5 GHz. The reflector has an overall efficiency of 65%. 26) Describe the structure of ionosphere and the characteristics of ionospheric layers. Prove that maximum usable frequency fc=fo sec i where fo is the critical frequency and i is the angle of incidence of EM wave at the ionosphere. 27) Explain the structure of atmosphere in delail. 28) Explain the terms: a. Virtual height b. MUF c. Critical Frequency d. Skip distance. Explain duct propagation with a neat diagram. 29) Explain the experimental setup for the measurement of radiation pattern of an antenna. Also enlist the factors affecting the laboratory measurements, assumptions made and probable remedies. 30) How many square degree equals to solid angle of a sphere? 31) Show that directivity of a current element is 1.5 or 1.76 dB. 32) Derive expression for Effective Aperture Ae of an antenna having impedance Za and terminating impedance Zt. 33) Short note on Microstrip antenna. 34) Explain antenna gain measurements. 35) Explain different modes of propagation with its practical significance. Explain any two of them and discuss their technical features and applications. Draw necessary figures and write mathematical expressions where so ever needed.

36) Describe antennas for terrestrial mobile communication systems.

37) Write a short node on various feed arrangements and impedance matching methods for antenna designs. 38) Short note on Ultra wide band antenna. 39) Describe working principle, design and applications of a microstrip patch antenna. Explain the physical significance of fringing field. 40) Short note on Embedded antennas 41) Short note on ionospheric fading and absorption for radio waves. 42) What are the main features of microwave antennas? Explain parabolic reflector antennas. Enlist and compare various feed mechanisms for the same. 43) Explain antenna field zines 44) Explain radio communication link with transmitting and receiving antennas. 45) Short note on microstrip antennas. 46) Explain types of reflector antennas.