Client: Computed by: Project: Date: Project No.: File No.

: Checked by: Date: Title: Calculation of Distance Between Conductors ========================================================================== These calculations determine the distance between two conductors at any point on each conductor. By varying the point locations, defined as the distance from one support of each conductor, the minumum distance can be found. Strain insulator droop (sag from horizontal) is considered separately from conductor sag to provide greater accuracy, particularly for slack spans. Distance from one conductor to a guy wire or other straight line structure, e.g. a pole, can be found by treating the guy or structure as a second conductor with a very high tension and low unit weight. Catenary equations are based on equations given in "Sag-Tension Computations and Field Measurements of Bonneville Power Administration", Paul F. Winkelman, AIEE Paper 59-900, February 1960. Calculations are based on a coordinate system where the left strain insulator attachment point of conductor 1 is at x = 0, y = 0, z = height and the right attachment point is at x = A1 (span), y = 0, z = heght. The coordinate system, span length, and attachment heights are adjusted to account for the effect of strain insulators. The following figure shows the definition of the coordinate systems and some key distances. Conductor positions are first calculated on two separate coordinate systems: x1,y1,z1 and x2,y2,z2. These coordinate systems are defined by the ends of the conductors. The left end of conductor 1 is at x1 = 0, y1 = 0, z1 = height. After calculating the conductor positions in terms of x1,y1,z1 and x2,y2,z2, the coordinates are translated and rotated to convert them to the x,y,z system.

Wind is assumed to be normal to conductor 1 (direction y1). The wind force on conductor 2 is reduced by the cosine of the angle between the conductors. No in-line movement of conductor 2 by the wind is considered.

Strain insulators are assumed to be rigid and of uniform weight per unit length. The wind force on the insulators is assumed to be the same as on a solid cylinder of the same diameter. Any swing of suspension insulators must be accounted for separately in the coordinates for the attachment points; this is not considered in these calculations. Strain insulator length, droop, pull out, and sideways swing (as shown on the figure below) change the effective conductor span from between the conductor supports to between the ends of the insulators. If there are no strain insulators on one end of a conductor, enter a value of zero for the corresponding strain insulator length. This is also the case where the conductor is suspended from the structure on suspension insulators - the support locations are at the connections of the conductors to the insulators.

DERIVED UNITS: psf psi 144

INPUT DATA: Wind pressure Conductor 1: Span length Conductor diameter Left support height Strain insulators: weight diameter A1 := 250 ft Dc1 := 0.99 in Z1L := 50 ft Vs1 := 84 lbf Ds1 := 10 in Conductor unit weight Horizontal tension Right support height v1 := 1.019 lbf ft Pw := 4 psf

H1 := 1000 lbf Z1R := 55 ft Ls1L := 4.35 ft Ls1R := 4.35 ft

length (left str) length (right str)

Conductor 2: Conductor unit weight Conductor diameter Left support height Strain insulators: weight diameter Dc2 := 0.99 in Z2L := 40 ft Vs2 := 84 lbf Ds2 := 10 in Horizontal tension Right support height v2 := 0.875 lbf ft

H2 := 3000 lbf Z2R := 74 ft Ls2L := 4.35 ft Ls2R := 4.35 ft

length (left str) length (right str)

X,Y coordinates of supports in relation to the corresponding support of conductor 1: left support x left support y L2X := 50 ft L2Y := 50 ft right support x right support y R2X := 50 ft R2Y := 250 ft

VARIABLES: Distance from left structure to measurement point: Conductor 1 Conductor 2 xc1 := 70.7 ft xc2 := 52.85 ft

CALCULATIONS: Conductor 1: Wind on conductor Wind on left insulator Wind on right insulator w1 := Pw Dc1 Ws1L := Pw Ds1 Ls1L Ws1R := Pw Ds1 Ls1R w1 = 0.33 lbf ft

Ws1L = 14.5 lbf Ws1R = 14.5 lbf Bu1 = 5 ft

Unadjusted support elevation difference:

Bu1 := Z1L Z1R

Next calculate the strain insulator positions: droop down, pull out, and swing sideways. The conductor tension, wind load and weight used are unadjusted for the insulator droop and swing. Distance to low point: Au1 := A1 Ls1L Ls1R Au1 = 241.3 ft

Bu1 Au1 H1 2 X0u1 = 100.368 ft X0u1 := + asinh 2 v1 Au1 2 H1 v1 sinh H1 v1

Left insulator: droop angle droop

v1 X0u1 + Vs1 2 v1L := atan H1

SZ1L := Ls1L sin( v1L)

v1L = 8.21 deg SZ1L = 0.621 ft

swing angle

w1 Au1 + Ws1L 2 2 t1L := atan H1

SY1L := Ls1L sin( t1L) SX1L := Ls1L cos( v1L) cos( t1L)

t1L = 2.695 deg SY1L = 0.205 ft SX1L = 4.301 ft

swing pull Right insulator: droop angle

v1 ( Au1 X0u1) + Vs1 2 v1R := atan H1

SZ1R := Ls1R sin( v1R)

v1R = 10.515 deg

droop

SZ1R = 0.794 ft

swing angle swing pulll

w1 Au1 + Ws1R 2 2 t1R := atan H1

SY1R := Ls1R sin( t1R)

t1R = 2.695 deg SY1R = 0.205 ft

SX1R := Ls1R cos( v1R) cos( t1R) SX1R = 4.272 ft

Now make adjustments for insulator droop, pull and swing. Span length Left support height Right support height Support height difference Slope distance Aa1 := A1 SX1L SX1R Za1L := Z1L SZ1L Za1R := Z1R SZ1R B1 := Za1L Za1R C1 := Aa1 + B1
2 2

Aa1 = 241.427 ft Za1L = 49.379 ft Za1R = 54.206 ft B1 = 4.827 ft C1 = 241.475 ft

Distance to low point

B1 2 X01 = 101.142 ft X01 := + asinh 2 v1 Aa1 2 H1 sinh v1 H1 v1

Aa1

H1

Height at low point

Z01 := Za1L

H1 v1

cosh

1 H1 v1
X01

Z01 = 44.162 ft

Distance to wide point

Xw1 :=

Aa1 2

Xw1 = 120.714 ft

Maximum conductor blowout (not including insulators)

Yw1 :=

H1 w1

cosh

1 H1 w1
Xw1

Yw1 = 2.405 ft

Height at measurement point

Z1 ( x1) := Z01 +

H1 v1

cosh

1 v1 H1

x1 X01

Blowout at measurement point

( x1 Xw1) C1 H1 Aa1 x1 Y1( x1) := Yw1 cosh 1 + SY1L ( SY1L SY1R) w1 Aa1 H1 w1
X-coordinate X1( x1) := x1 + SX1L

Position vector

X1( x1) cond1( x1) := Y1( x1) Z1 ( x1)

xc := 0 ft .. Aa1

75.001 cond1( xc1) = 2.196 ft 44.634

Graph the conductor location:

54

52

SAG

Z1( xc)50

48

46

40

20

0 xc

20

40

Y1 ( xc) 0

BLOWOUT

40

20

0 xc

20

40

Conductor 2: Span length Angle from conductor 1 Wind on conductor Wind on left insulator Wind on right insulator A2 := ( A1 + R2X L2X) + ( R2Y L2Y)
2 2

A2 = 335.41 ft 12 = 63.435 deg

12 := atan

A1 + R2X L2X
w2 = 0.148 lbf ft

R2Y L2Y

w2 := Pw Dc2 cos( 12) Ws2L := Pw Ds2 Ls2L Ws2R := Pw Ds2 Ls2R

Ws2L = 14.5 lbf Ws2R = 14.5 lbf Bu2 = 34 ft

Unadjusted support elevation difference:

Bu2 := Z2L Z2R

Next calculate the strain insulator positions: droop down, pull out, and swing sideways. The conductor tension, wind load and weight used are unadjusted for the insulator droop and swing. Distance to low point: Au2 := A2 Ls2L Ls2R Au2 = 326.71 ft

Bu2 Au2 H2 2 X0u2 = 192.674 ft X0u2 := + asinh 2 v2 Au2 2 H2 v2 sinh H2 v2

Left insulator: droop angle

v2 X0u2 + Vs2 2 v2L := atan H2

SZ2L := Ls2L sin( v2L)

v2L = 2.416 deg SZ2L = 0.183 ft

droop

swing angle

w2 Au2 + Ws2L 2 2 t2L := atan H2

SY2L := Ls2L sin( t2L) SX2L := Ls2L cos( v2L) cos( t2L)

t2L = 0.599 deg

swing pulll

SY2L = 0.045 ft SX2L = 4.346 ft

Right insulator: droop angle

v2 ( Au2 X0u2) + Vs2 2 v2R := atan H2

SZ2R := Ls2R sin( v2R)

v2R = 9.397 deg

droop

SZ2R = 0.71 ft

swing angle

w2 Au2 + Ws2R 2 2 t2R := atan H2

SY2R := Ls2R sin( t2R)

t2R = 0.599 deg

swing

SY2R = 0.045 ft

pulll

SX2R := Ls2R cos( v2R) cos( t2R) SX2R = 4.291 ft

Now make adjustments for insulator droop, pull and swing.

Span length Left support height Right support height Support height difference Slope distance

Aa2 := A2 SX2L SX2R Za2L := Z2L SZ2L Za2R := Z2R SZ2R B2 := Za2L Za2R C2 := Aa2 + B2
2 2

Aa2 = 326.773 ft Za2L = 40.183 ft Za2R = 73.29 ft B2 = 33.106 ft C2 = 328.446 ft

Distance to low point

B2 Aa2 H2 2 X02 = 183.251 ft X02 := + asinh 2 v2 Aa2 2 H2 v2 sinh H2 v2

Height at low point

Z02 := Za2L

H2 v2

cosh

1 H2 v2
X02

Z02 = 35.285 ft

Distance to wide point

Xw2 :=

Aa2 2 H2 w2

Xw2 = 163.386 ft

Maximum conductor blowout (not including insulators)

Yw2 :=

cosh

1 H2 w2
Xw2

Yw2 = 0.657 ft

Height at measurement point

Z2 ( x2) := Z02 +

H2 v2

cosh

1 Z2 ( xc2) = 43.418 ft v2 H2

x2 X02

Blowout at measurement point

( x2 Xw2) C2 H2 Aa2 x2 Y2( x2) := Yw2 cosh 1 + SY2L ( SY2L SY2R) H2 w2 Aa2 w2
Y2( xc2) = 0.398 ft

X-coordinate Rotation of coordinates: Radius Angle Rotated angle Rotated X-coordinate Rotated Y-coordinate Translated X-coordinate Translated Y-coordinate

X2( x2) := x2 + SX2L

X2( xc2) = 57.196 ft

R( x2) :=

X2( x2) + Y2( x2)

R( xc2) = 57.197 ft ( xc2) = 0.399 deg r( xc2) = 63.834 deg Xr2( xc2) = 25.222 ft Yr2( xc2) = 51.336 ft Xt2 ( xc2) = 75.222 ft Yt2 ( xc2) = 1.336 ft

( x2) := atan

X2( x2)

Y2( x2)

r( x2) := ( x2) + 12 Xr2( x2) := R( x2) cos( r( x2) ) Yr2( x2) := R( x2) sin( r( x2) ) Xt2 ( x2) := Xr2( x2) + L2X Yt2 ( x2) := Yr2( x2) + L2Y

Position vector

Xt2 ( x2) cond2( x2) := Yt2 ( x2) Z2 ( x2)

75.222 cond2( xc2) = 1.336 ft 43.418

Distance between conductors

dist12( x1 , x2) := cond2( x2) cond1( x1)

0.222 dist12( xc1 , xc2) = 0.861 ft 1.217

magnitude dist12( xc1 , xc2) = 1.507 ft

Plot the magnitude of the distance between conductors for a matrix of xc1 & xc2 distances. .02 A1 N .02 A2 N

N := 20 M
( i , j)

i := 0 .. N

j := 0 .. N x = 70 ft
0

x := .28 A1 +
i

y := .15 A2 +
j

:= dist12 x , y
i

= 75 ft

y = 50.312 ft
0

= 57.02 ft

min( M) = 1.126 ft