Classi cation & Variation

Worksheet 9: Count the Species

Wow Fact The H orse

closely shoe Cr ab is relat m e than d to a spid ore a crab er !

Look at the picture below and see how many different types of animals you can see. Make a list of all of the animals names which you know.
List:

Imagine the animal which So, you can spot a sea creature by its picture. But can you f igure it out by words alone? Read the description below and then draw a picture of how you think that animal should look. You could also give your animal a name.
Description This animal has short fur all over its body. It has a long f lat beak which it uses for digging in the mud and a venomous spike on one of its feet. This animal is an excellent swimmer which can use f laps to cover its eyes and nostrils while it is underwater. It uses an electrical f ield to help it f ind its food. It has a big tail which it uses to store fat.

Food Chains
Worksheet 10: Connecting the Food Chain

THE SUN The suns light provides energy for plants to grow. Consumed by: Phytoplankton

PHYTOPLANKTON (Plant Plankton) These are tiny plants which live in the water. Consumes: Sunlight Consumed by: Zooplankton

BLUE WHALE These are the biggest animals in the sea. Nothing consumes Blue Whales so they are top of their food chain. Consumes: Zooplankton

ZOOPLANKTON (Animal Plankton) These are the smallest animals which live in the sea. Consumes: Phytoplankton Consumed by: Blue Whale

Food Chains
Worksheet 10: Connecting the Food Chain

THE SUN The suns light provides energy for plants to grow. Consumed by: Phytoplankton

PHYTOPLANKTON (Plant Plankton) These are tiny plants which live in the water. Consumes: Sunlight Consumed by: Zooplankton

ZOOPLANKTON (Animal Plankton) These are the smallest animals which live in the sea. Consumes: Phytoplankton Consumed by: Jellyfish

JELLYFISH
Jellyfish can be found in every ocean in the world. Their bodies are made of more than 90% water.

LOGGERHEAD TURTLE
The Loggerhead Turtle is a large yellow shelled turtle which lives in oceans around the world.

TIGER SHARK
Tiger Sharks are ferocious predators which live in warm waters around the tropics.

Consumes:
Phytoplankton

Consumes:
Loggerhead Turtles

Consumes:
Jellyfish

Consumed by:
Loggerhead Turtle

Consumed by:
Tiger Shark

Food Chains
Worksheet 10: Connecting the Food Chain

THE SUN The suns light provides energy for plants to grow. Consumed by: Phytoplankton

PHYTOPLANKTON (Plant Plankton) These are tiny plants which live in the water. Consumes: Sunlight Consumed by: Zooplankton

ZOOPLANKTON (Animal Plankton) These are the smallest animals which live in the sea. Consumes: Phytoplankton Consumed by: Herring

HERRING
Herring is a small oily fish which lives in Northern waters

SEALS
Seals are large animals with flippers. They live in cold water and give birth to their babies in ice shelves.

Consumes:
Zooplankton

Consumes:
Herring

Consumed by:
Seals

Food Chains
Worksheet 10: Connecting the Food Chain

THE SUN The suns light provides energy for plants to grow. Consumed by: Phytoplankton

PHYTOPLANKTON (Plant Plankton) These are tiny plants which live in the water. Consumes: Sunlight Consumed by: Zooplankton

ZOOPLANKTON (Animal Plankton) These are the smallest animals which live in the sea. Consumes: Phytoplankton Consumed by: Mackerel

MACKEREL
Mackerel are a small, oily fish which live throughout the worlds oceans. They often live in huge groups called shoals.

SEALS
Seals are large animals with flippers. They live in cold water and give birth to their babies in ice shelves.

Consumes:
Zooplankton

Consumes:
Mackerel

SHARK Sharks are large fast predators which live in coastal areas around the world. Consumes:
Seals

Consumed by:
Seals

Consumed by:
Sharks

Food Chains
Worksheet 10: Connecting the Food Chain

THE SUN The suns light provides energy for plants to grow. Consumed by: Phytoplankton

PHYTOPLANKTON (Plant Plankton) These are tiny plants which live in the water. Consumes: Sunlight Consumed by: Zooplankton

ZOOPLANKTON (Animal Plankton) These are the smallest animals which live in the sea. Consumes: Phytoplankton Consumed by: Crabs

CRABS Crabs live on the bottom of the ocean. Consumes: Zooplankton Consumed by: Octopus

OCTOPUS
Octopus have four pairs of arms and three hearts. They move around by walking on their arms or by blowing out jets of water to swim.

Consumes:
Crabs

Consumed by:
Sea Otters

SEA OTTERS Sea otters are the smallest mammals which live in the sea. They are an endangered species. Consumes: Octopus

Food Chains
Worksheet 11- Your Food Chain
Look at the three foods shown below.

To fe in SE A ed all of the takes: LIFE Aqua 5,000 cre atu riu 13 6 lbs f lbs macke m for one d res rel, 20 rozen ay it krill, 2 mysis, 6 lb lbs squid, s lb fr and 2 s Sand Eel ozen lbs cr ab.

Wow Fact

What about the food chains in your life, as well as the ones under the sea? Using the words listed in the box, complete the food chain for each of these foods. Remember to include humans in the food chain. Sunlight Hamburger Sunlight Tuna Steak Sunlight Salmon Grass Cow Human Cod Squid Tuna Plankton Small Fish Salmon Now think of a meal which you have eaten recently and make a food chain for one of the ingredients.

Food Chains
Worksheet 12- Whats in the Web?

Fact The B lue W larges hale, w surviv t animal o hich is the of the es by eatinn Earth, sm g on Ea allest creasome rth, p lanktotures n

Wow

Most animals have more than one thing they like to eat and more than one thing that likes to eat them too. Food webs can be used to show more complicated food chains. They can show that most animals eat more than one type of food and that some can have more than one predator. Look at the information below and complete the food web template in Diagram 1.

Diagram 1
Stingray Crab

Tiger Sharks eat stingrays and Sea Turtles. Sea Turtles eat jellyfish and crab. Stingrays eat sea stars, shrimp, and crabs. Crabs eat shrimp. Jellyfish eat shrimp and zooplankton. Sea stars eat mussels. Mussels eat phytoplankton. Zooplankton eat phytoplankton. Shrimp eat phytoplankton. Phytoplankton consumes sunlight.

Jellyfish Mussels

Phytoplankton

The Sun

Adaptation
Worksheet 13- Where do I Live?
Look at the pictures of animals and environments below. Decide which environment you think each animal lives in and draw a line to connect it to that environment.

A sea l blubb can have a e thick r up to two layer of from to help pr inches the c otec in wh old conditiot it ich it lives. ns

Wow Fact

Write underneath why you think that animal is especially suited to that environment. Remember to look carefully!
Clown sh Tuna Sea Star Angler sh Crab

Common Seal

Open Ocean

Coral Reef

Mussel Beds

Rocky Shore

Seabed

Sand Bank

Adaptation
Worksheet 14: The Humbolt Penguin

ar 10,0 00 p e fewer t Peng airs of H han uins in th umbolt e wo rld.

Con serv a Fact tion Ther e

The Humboldt Penguin lives mostly on rocky shores near cliffs or on islands along the coasts of Chile and Peru. Chile and Peru are countries in South America. Although Humboldt Penguins live in fairly warm regions, the ocean waters can actually get very cold! Look at Diagram 1 which shows a Humboldt Penguin. Read the explanations of each of the penguins adaptations. Work out which body part is being described and write the correct letter next to each of the labels on the diagram.

A - Wings
Penguins dont f ly. However, these are strong and stiff and have adapted to help the penguin swim underwater. When they are standing on land, on a hot day, they may even spread them away from their body to help them cool down.

B - Feathers
These are wind and water-proof and are made up of two parts. The soft and f luffy part traps air to help keep the penguin warm. But, on a hot day they might ruffle these to cool down. The ones that can be seen from the outside are stiff, small and packed closely together.

E - Beak
This is mainly used to catch food but is also used to groom feathers and as a weapon in penguin f ights. Inside there are sharp spines pointed towards the throat that help in swallowing living food such as small f ish.

F - Legs
Penguins have very short ones, which are used underwater for steering. On land, waddling seems to be the easiest way to walk.

Adaptation
Worksheet 15: A Day in the Life of...
Choose one of the animals listed below.

Seah of th orses can e so th ir eyes in move ea ch de ey and can look pendent ba c k l ward forward y s same s at t time he !

Wow Fact

Can you imagine what its like to be a completely different creature, in a completely different habitat? Write a short piece of imaginative writing about a day in that animals life. You should explain how it makes good use of the adaptations listed.
Blacktip Reef Shark

The Blacktip Reef Shark has several rows of razor sharp teeth which they use to catch their prey.
Clownfish

The clownfish is immune to the venom of the sea anemone which it lives in. This helps them to avoid their predators.
Octopus

The octopus has eight legs with suckers on the underside. They use these suckers to help them walk around and to catch their food.

Adaptation
Worksheet 16: Save the Hammerhead
Read the article below.

Mor die f e human r om s toast an enc are likely ou to er th yet 1 an wit nter with h a s a 00 m h are k il a illed lion shar rk. every by people ks year !

Wow Fact

Even scary sea creatures can come under threat so we must all do our part to protect them. As a class discuss what should be done to protect Hammerhead Sharks. Design a poster to persuade people to help protect the Hammerhead Shark and its environment.

Save the Ha mmerhead

Shark News

Monthly Ne ws

uman activit n away and and more s j many being us t the f in (which is t as hark s are being hunted y and i ts numbers are g teless) is kep et ting lower caught and to meet the a d k illed by mis t take while s for food. Indus tr ial f ishi emand for this soup. O nd lower. Shark hips are f ishi ng with big n ften the r es Humans are ng for other t of the et s a ls also damag o has a dam animals. ing aging effect year s to live on in water s of the Hammer head Shark a specific tem world, and t s environmen he pe consequenc oceans, are s tarting to rature . Humans over t through global war min es for Hamm use b g. er head Shark ecome war mer ver y qui of fossil fuels and des The shark has adapted tr uc o ck s a s their pre y may s tart ly. This quick change in tion of forest s has mea ver millions of to die off or t move to diff he shark s habit at could nt that the er ent areas . have ver y ser ious shar ks , with

The Hammer head Shark h as adapted o to become in ver millions o credibly eff ic f years ie nt. It has a lo which mean ng f lattened its eyes are a head l o ng way apar t. keep a good This allows look out for it to p rey. The f latt extremely str ened head is eamlined and a ls o allows the s through the hark to move water easily. They have m once one row any rows of t fall out the n eeth and ext row will supply of tee move forwar th is never end B ut this amaz d. This ing and ensure Hammerhea in s the d can catch a fin soup is a g animal has come und del nd eat its pre er body is throw icac y in Japan and Chi increasing thr eat from y. na h