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Jonah

Purpose
Through the account of Jonahs rebellion and Ninevehs repentance, the book of Jonah reminded the people of Israel that God does not show favoritism, but that He sovereignly bestows compassion on anyone who responds to His message.

Authorship & Genre

Jonah was a prophet from the northern kingdom of Israel during the prosperous reign of King Jeroboam II. This makes him one of the earliest of the writing prophets. Though he apparently did have a prophetic ministry in Israel itself (2 Kings 14:25), the book of Jonah records his message to the Assyrian capital of Nineveh. Unlike most of the prophetic books, the book of Jonah is written primarily in narrative style, recounting Jonahs ministry in story form rather than in poetic oracles.

Key Verse

Jonah 4:2: He prayed to the LORD and said, Please LORD, was not this what I said while I was still in my own country? Therefore in order to forestall this I fled to Tarshish, for I knew that You are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, and one who relents concerning calamity. (NASB)

Structure
1 Gods Anger Against Nineveh 2 God Delivers Jonah 3 God Delivers Nineveh 4 Jonahs Anger Against God

Theological Themes
Mercy: Jonah emphasizes that God delights in granting mercy to all who believe. Jonahs self-righteousness blinded him to this facthe wanted to see Gods enemies suffer rather than offer them a chance of salvation. Repentance: God was quick to grant a second chance to both Jonah and the city of Nineveh upon their repentance. Though His judgment is fierce, it is never unavoidable. Anger: Jonahs quick, selfish anger is contrasted against the patient yet righteous anger of God. Anger is not a sin when motivated by a desire for justice, but it must be balanced with compassion.

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