HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

22 Satellite Transmission

22
About This Chapter

Satellite Transmission

22.1 Overview This topic describes the application of satellite transmission, which is mainly adopted in remote mountainous areas or sparsely populated plains. 22.2 Availability This topic describes the availability of satellite transmission. The realization of satellite transmission depends on the cooperation of relevant NEs and software. 22.3 Impact The topic describes the impact of satellite transmission on system performance. 22.4 Technical Description Huawei BSS supports satellite transmission over Ater, A, Abis, and Pb interfaces. The satellite transmission over Abis interface is the most widely used application. 22.5 Implementation The implementation of satellite transmission refers to configuring satellite transmission over the Ater, A, Abis, and Pb interfaces. 22.6 Maintenance Information There is no maintenance information related to satellite transmission. 22.7 References There is no reference related to satellite transmission.

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22.1 Overview
This topic describes the application of satellite transmission, which is mainly adopted in remote mountainous areas or sparsely populated plains.

Definition
Satellite transmission enables different entities to communicate with each other by using the satellites orbiting the earth. Compared with traditional terrestrial transmission, satellite transmission has the problems such as delay, jitter, and bit error. These problems are causes why the ordinary GSM equipment does not support satellite transmission over the Abis interface. Huawei BSS eliminates the delay, jitter, and bit error problems over satellite transmission through the optimization of signaling procedures and the adjustment of relevant timers. Huawei BSS supports the satellite transmission over A, Ater, Abis, Pb, and Gb interfaces.

Purposes
Satellite transmission is widely used in remote mountainous areas or sparsely populated plains. The satellite transmission features wide coverage, long transmission distance, and flexible link scheduling. This enables satellite transmission to be used beyond geographical difference and transmission distance.

Terms
None.

Abbreviations
Abbreviations VSAT Full Spelling Very satellite communications terminal

22.2 Availability
This topic describes the availability of satellite transmission. The realization of satellite transmission depends on the cooperation of relevant NEs and software.

Network Elements Involved

Table 22-1 describes the NEs involved in satellite transmission. Table 22-1 NEs involved in satellite transmission MS 22-2

BTS

BSC

MSC

MGW -

SGSN -

GGSN -

HLR -

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MS
NOTE

BTS

BSC

MSC

MGW

SGSN

GGSN

HLR

l -: not involved l : involved

Software Releases
Table 22-2 describes the versions of GBSS products that support satellite transmission. Table 22-2 GBSS products and related versions Product BSC BTS BSC6000 BTS30 BTS312 BTS3012A BTS3001C BTS3002C BTS3006C BTS3012 BTS3012AE Version V900R001C01 and later releases All releases All releases All releases All releases All releases All releases All releases All releases

Miscellaneous
None.

22.3 Impact
The topic describes the impact of satellite transmission on system performance.

Impact on System Performance

The delay involved in satellite transmission may affect the counters such as call drop rate, handover success rate, and assignment success rate.

Impact on Other Features

None.

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22.4 Technical Description

Huawei BSS supports satellite transmission over Ater, A, Abis, and Pb interfaces. The satellite transmission over Abis interface is the most widely used application. 22.4.1 Networking Modes of Satellite Transmission This topic describes the networking of the satellite transmission over the Abis interface. 22.4.2 Satellite Transmission over Abis Interface This topic describes the satellite transmission over the Abis interface. Satellite transmission has a higher transmission delay than the terrestrial transmission. Huawei BSS is developed with multiple optimization mechanisms to avoid abnormal procedures caused by prolonged delay. 22.4.3 Satellite Transmission over Pb Interface The link layer on the Pb interface adopts LAPD link protocols. The processing on the LAPD link is the same as that on the Abis interface.

22.4.1 Networking Modes of Satellite Transmission

This topic describes the networking of the satellite transmission over the Abis interface. Star topology is adopted when the satellite transmission is implemented over the Abis interface. Figure 22-1 shows a typical networking of satellite transmission.
NOTE

The principle of satellite transmission over Abis, Ater, Pb, and Gb interfaces is the same as that over the Abis interface.

Figure 22-1 Typical networking of satellite transmission

Satellite ground station MSC

E1 Ground receiving station

BTS

BSC

BTS

E1 Ground receiving station

BTS

SDH/PDH or microwave/ optical cables

BTS

The satellite communication is composed of the communication satellites and ground stations. The communications satellite is usually a geosynchronous satellite, which orbits the equator. The satellite orbits at a distance of 35786 km from the earth and has an angular orbital velocity
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equal to the earth orbital velocity. The satellite is composed of the control system, communication system (antennas and repeaters), telemeter system, power supply system, and temperature control system. The Earth station is composed of the antenna system, transceiver, channel terminal (modem), communication control system, and power supply system.
l

The earth station generally used for satellite transmission is a large international or European standard communication station, which features high data rate, large aperture, and high cost. User data is transferred to the Earth stations for communication, through the terrestrial network. Using the VSAT-based system to build up a private network causes lower cost, smaller aperture, and flexible deployment.

22.4.2 Satellite Transmission over Abis Interface

This topic describes the satellite transmission over the Abis interface. Satellite transmission has a higher transmission delay than the terrestrial transmission. Huawei BSS is developed with multiple optimization mechanisms to avoid abnormal procedures caused by prolonged delay.

Optimization on Immediate Assignment

The immediate assignment procedure involves the following steps: 1. 2. 3. The BSC sends a Channel Activation message to the BTS. The BTS responds with a Channel Activation Acknowledgement message. The BSC sends an Immediate Assignment Command message to the MS.
NOTE

In the terrestrial transmission, the interval between the Channel Activation message and the Channel Activation Acknowledgement is short. In the satellite transmission, however, the MS takes a longer time to receive the Immediate Assignment Command message from the BSS. The optimized immediate assignment procedure is adopted in the satellite transmission to avoid prolonged call proceeding and immediate assignment failure due to transmission delay.

After sending a Channel Activation message to the BTS, the BSC proceeds to send an Immediate Assignment Command message to the MS without waiting for the Channel Activation Acknowledgement message from the BTS.

Impact of System Information

To avoid the transmission delay and improve the access success rate of the MS in satellite transmission, performs the following settings:
l

Increase the number of Channel Request messages sent by the MS by setting MS MAX Retrans to 4. Increase the interval between two transmissions by setting Tx-integer to 32.

Processing of LAPD Protocols

Prolong the length of timers and increase the value of the sliding window while processing LAPD protocols to overcome the impact of transmission delay.
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Operating Mode of the BTS Clock

The BTS clock is subject to the BSC clock. If the satellite equipment fails to keep clock synchronization, you can select the internal clock as the clock reference. The internal clock extracted from the BSS also meets the requirements specified in GSM protocols.

Speech Quality
The speech quality is not affect when the bit error rate is less than 110-6. Generally, the bit error rate in satellite transmission is less than 110-8.

22.4.3 Satellite Transmission over Pb Interface

The link layer on the Pb interface adopts LAPD link protocols. The processing on the LAPD link is the same as that on the Abis interface.

22.5 Implementation
The implementation of satellite transmission refers to configuring satellite transmission over the Ater, A, Abis, and Pb interfaces. 22.5.1 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Ater Interface This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Ater interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal. 22.5.2 Configuring Satellite Transmission over A Interface This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the A interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal. 22.5.3 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Abis Interface This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Abis interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal. 22.5.4 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Pb Interface This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Pb interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.

22.5.1 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Ater Interface

This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Ater interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.

Prerequisite
The GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS is configured with the Ater connection path.

Procedure
Step 1 Right-click a GEIUT/GOIUT on the BSC Device Panel of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and choose Configure Ater Connection Path on the short-cut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-2.
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Figure 22-2 Configuring Ater connection path

Step 2 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-3. Figure 22-3 Adding Ater connection path

Step 3 Set the parameters related to the Ater connection path, and click OK. The addition of an Ater connection path is complete. Step 4 Right-click a GEIUT/GOIUT on the BSC Device Panel of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and choose Add Ater Signaling Link on the short-cut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-4.
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Figure 22-4 Adding an Ater signaling link

Step 5 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-5. Figure 22-5 Configuring Ater signaling link

Step 6 Set Satellite Flag. Yes means that satellite transmission is adopted while No means terrestrial transmission is adopted.

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Step 7 Set corresponding Timeslot Mask as shown in Figure 22-6. Only one timeslot mask can be configured. Figure 22-6 Configuring timeslot mask

Step 8 Click Ok to return to Figure 22-4. Click Finish to complete the configuration of satellite transmission over the Ater interface.
NOTE

When you configure the Ater signaling link in the Add Ater Signaling Link dialog box for the first time, there are two options available for the Rate Type: 64 kbit/s and 2 Mbit/s. If you select 2 Mbit/s, the system regards the transmission as terrestrial transmission and this mode cannot be changed to satellite transmission as the 2 Mbit/s signaling does not support satellite transmission. If you select 64 kbit/s, the system regards the transmission as terrestrial transmission and this mode can be changed to satellite transmission. When you configure 2 Mbit/s or 64 kbit/s signaling link for the Ater interface, you must configure the same rate type for the A interface. In addition, the transmission mode of the Ater OML must be the same as the Ater signaling link, for example, satellite transmission. The transmission mode is determined by the Satellite Flag.

----End

22.5.2 Configuring Satellite Transmission over A Interface

This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the A interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.

Prerequisite
The GEIUA/GOIUA in the GTCS is configured with A interface E1.
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Procedure
Step 1 Right-click a GEIUA/GOIUA on the BSC Device Panel of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and choose Configure A Interface E1 on the short-cut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-7. Figure 22-7 Configuring A interface E1

Step 2 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-8.

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Figure 22-8 Adding A interface E1s

Step 3 Set relevant parameters on the A Interface E1 Attributes tab page, and then click OK. The addition of an E1 is complete. Step 4 Right-click a GEIUA/GOIUA on the BSC Device Panel of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and choose Configure SS7 Signaling Link on the shortcut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-9. Figure 22-9 Configuring SS7 signaling link

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Step 5 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-10. Figure 22-10 Adding SS7 signaling link

Step 6 On the MTP2 tab page, set the A Port No. and set the timeslots in the Ater Timeslot Mask and A Timeslot Mask, as shown in Figure 22-11.

CAUTION
The signaling link with the Rate Type of 64 kbit/s can be configured with only one E1 timeslot.

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Figure 22-11 Configuring timeslot mask

Step 7 Set SLC and SLC Send on the MTP3 tab page. Set Satellite Flag as shown in Figure 22-12. Yes means that satellite transmission is adopted while No means terrestrial transmission is adopted.

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Figure 22-12 Configuring MTP3 parameters

NOTE

The settings of SLC and SLC send must be the same between the BSC and the MSC.

Step 8 Click OK to return to the dialog box shown in Figure 22-9. Step 9 Click Finish to complete the configuration of satellite transmission over the A interface. ----End

22.5.3 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Abis Interface

This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Abis interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.

Procedure
Step 1 Apply for a license and activate the license. 1. To apply for the license for the satellite transmission over Abis interface, in the BSC6000V900R001 Exceptional Commercial License Application Template, you should fill in the number of the sites that support satellite transmission in the Number of the sites supporting satellite transmission column in the Resource control items field. Activate the license on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal. For details, refer to Activating License.
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After the licenses are activated, the BSC can support satellite transmission over the Abis interface based on the number of applied licenses. By default, the satellite transmission over Abis interface is closed. You can perform certain data configuration on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal to open the satellite transmission over Abis interface.
NOTE

The license strategy is applied only to the Abis interface. The other interfaces can support satellite transmission once they are correctly configured.

Step 2 On the Management Tree tab page of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, right-click a BTS that needs to be configured with satellite transmission data, and then choose Site Operation > Configure Site Attributes on the shortcut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-13. Figure 22-13 Setting site attributes

Step 3 Click Set Site Attributes. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-14. Figure 22-14 Configuring site attributes

Step 4 On the Basic Information tab page, set the Transmission Mode to Satellite Transmission, as shown in Figure 22-15. Figure 22-15 Configuring the basic information of the site

Step 5 Click OK to return to the dialog box shown in Figure 22-13. Step 6 Click Finish to complete the configuration of satellite transmission over the Abis interface.
NOTE

The transmission modes over the Abis interface are as follows:

l l

In terrestrial transmission, the information transferred between the BTS and the BSC is carried by the land bearing network. In satellite transmission, the information transferred between the BTS and the BSC is carried by the satellite communications equipment.

----End

Postrequisite
To deactivate the satellite transmission, do as follows: 1. 2. Set the satellite transmission of the BTSs to terrestrial transmission in the hardware aspects. Set the Transmission Mode of relevant interfaces to Terrestrial Transmission.
NOTE

If the transmission mode of the BTSs is not set to terrestrial transmission in the hardware aspects while the Terrestrial Transmission is defined through data configuration, the services quality deteriorates due to the transmission delay occurred between satellite transmission and terrestrial transmission.

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22.5.4 Configuring Satellite Transmission over Pb Interface

This topic describes how to configure satellite transmission over the Pb interface on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.

Prerequisite
The PCU is configured.

Procedure
Step 1 On the Management Tree tab page of theBSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, right-click BSC6000 and choose Configure PCU on the shortcut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-16. Figure 22-16 Configuring a PCU

Step 2 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-17.

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Figure 22-17 Adding a PCU

Step 3 Set PCU No., PCU Name, and then click OK to return to Figure 22-16. Step 4 Click Finish to complete the configuration of the PCU. Step 5 Right-click a GEIUP/GOIUP on the BSC Device Panel of the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal and choose Configure Pb Interface E1 on the shortcut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-18. Figure 22-18 Configuring Pb interface E1

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Step 6 Click Add. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 22-19. On the Pb Interface E1 Attributes tab page, set the parameters such as Port No., Start PCIC, and Transmission Mode.
NOTE

The Start PCIC must be the multiple of 128. The configuration of the parameters on the CIC Attributes tab page is not necessary.

Figure 22-19 Adding Pb interface E1

Step 7 Click OK to return to the dialog box shown in Figure 22-18. Step 8 Click Finish to complete the configuration of satellite transmission over the Pb interface.
NOTE

Pb signaling links can be carried by terrestrial transmission or satellite transmission scheme. The satellite transmission scheme can be adopted in deserts or lakes where the terrestrial transmission is unavailable. After the Pb E1 ports are configured with satellite transmission scheme, the Pb signaling links can automatically switch to satellite transmission mode based on the transmission mode adopted on the E1 ports.

----End

22.6 Maintenance Information

There is no maintenance information related to satellite transmission.

Alarms
None.
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Counter
None.

22.7 References
There is no reference related to satellite transmission.

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