Total No.

of Questions : 12]
[4263]-273
T.E. (E&TC)
NETWORK SYNTHESIS AND FILTER DESIGN
(2008 Pattern) (Semester - I)
Time : 3 Hours] [Max. Marks : 100
Instructions to the candidates:
1) Answer 3 questions from Section I and 3 questions from Section II.
2) Answers to the two sections should be written in separate books.
3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4) Use of electronic pocket calculator is allowed.
5) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
P785
SECTION - I
Q1) a) Explain the significance of poles and zeros in network synthesis. Also
discuss the effect of poles and zeros on system function. [6]
b) For the network shown in Figure 1, Find the expression for the following
network functions : [8]
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
V
I
and
I
V
I
I
V
V
, ,
.
[Total No. of Pages : 7
SEAT No. :
P.T.O.
[4263]-273 2
c) Test whether the given polynomial is Hurwitz polynomial or not. [4]
25 25 56 6 13 2 ) (
2 3 4 5 6
s s s s s s s P
OR
Q2) a) The pole zero plot of a voltage transfer function is shown in figure. 2.
The DC gain is 10. Find the transfer function. [6]
b) Find
) ( V
) ( V
in
o
s
s
for the network shown in figure. 3. [6]
c) Define stability of a network. State and explain the conditions for stability
of a network. [6]
Q3) a)
) 6 )( 2 (
) 7 )( 3 (
) (

s s
s s k
s Z and Z(0) = 20 Realize the function in the following
two forms : [10]
i) Foster - I form
ii) Cauer - I form.
b) State the properties of RLC driving point function and explain its
synthesis procedure in Foster form. [6]
OR
Q4) a) Test which of the following functions is a RL network and synthesize it
using Cauer I and II forms. [10]
i)
) 6 )( 2 (
) 8 )( 4 )( 1 (
) (

s s s
s s s
s Z
ii)
s s
s s
s Z
4
8 9
) (
3
2 4

iii)
3 4
10 7
) (
2
2

s s
s s
s Z
iv)
) 6 )( 2 (
) 3 )( 1 ( 2
) (

s s
s s
s Z
b) State the properties of LC impedence network. Explain the synthesis
procedure of LC networks using the partial fraction expansion method.[6]
Q5) a) Explain the concept and significance of zeros of transmission in network
synthesis. Any transfer function of a passive ladder network is always
minimum phase function. Justify. [6]
[4263]-273 3
b) Synthesize
) 4 3 )( 3 (
) 4 )( 2 (
V
V
1
2

s s
s s
as a constant resistance bridged
T - network connected in cascade. [8]
c) State the properties of transfer function. [2]
OR
Q6) a) Synthesize
2 4 3
) ( Y
2 3
2
21

s s s
s
s
to a LC n/w with 1 termination. [8]
b) State the properties of open circuit and short circuit parameters. Synthesize
the open circuit voltage ratio transfer function
) 4 )( 2 ( V
V
1
2

s s
k
using RC
ladder network. [8]
SECTION - II
Q7) a) Explain the concept and necessity of approximation technique in filter
designing. [5]
b) Determine the order of a low pass Butterworth filter that is to provide 40
dB attenuation at a frequency which is twice the cut - off frequency. [5]
c) A LPF is shown in figure 4. Convert this filter into a HPF with cut off
frequency of 10
6
rad/s and impedance of 500 . [6]
[4263]-273 4
OR
Q8) a) Give the basic properties of Chebyshev filter. Obtain the transfer function
of third order normalized low pass Chebyshev filter. [8]
b) Explain frequency normalization and impedance normalization.
Figure 5. shows a third order butterworth filter for R
0
= 1 and W
c
= 1
rad/s. Design a circuit for third order butterworth filter using frequency
normalization for W
c

= 10
4
rad/s and R
0
= 500 . [8]
Q9) a) Synthesize the given real pole transfer functions using an active RC circuit
with only two op-amps. [8]
) 4 )( 3 (
8


s s
s
b) Explain different Biquad feedback topologies used in active filter
designing. [4]
c) Write a short note on FDNR. [4]
OR
[4263]-273 5
Q10) a) Design a Butterworth LPF of first order, with [6]
i) Pass band gain of 10 dB.
ii) Cut - off frequency of 1 kHz use sallen key circuit.
b) Write a short note on sallen key low pass circuits. [6]
c) Explain the cascaded approach of active filter design. [4]
Q11) a) Explain the effect of CMRR on the performance of Active filters. The
output voltage measured in the circuit shown in figure. 6 is 20 mV, if the
input voltage is 2V. Find value of CMRR. [8]
b) Define Sensitivity and its significance. Explain the Dimension
Homogeneity property of sensitivity. [6]
c) Define Gain Sensitivity. Explain the concept in brief. [4]
OR
[4263]-273 6
= 20 mV
Fig. 6 Q.11(a)
Q12) a) Explain the effect of following OP-AMP characteristics on the
performance of the filter. [8]
i) Dynamic range.
ii) Slew rate.
iii) Offset voltage and currents.
iv) Common mode signals.
b) Write a short note on multi element deviation. [6]
c) For a low pass filter shown in figure 7, calculate the sensitivity of the cut - off
frequency (F
c
) and the design impedance (R
k
) with respect to L and C. [4]
[4263]-273 7
V
in
tttt
Total No. of Questions : 12]
[Total No. of Pages : 4
[4163] - 273
T.E. (E&TC)
NETWORK SYNTHESIS & FILTER DESIGN
(Sem. - I) (2008 Pattern)
Time :3 Hours] [Max. Marks :100
Instructions to the candidates:-
1) Attempt Q.No.1 or Q.No.2, Q.No.3 or Q.No.4, Q.No.5 or Q.No.6 from Section I
and Attempt Q.No.7 or Q.No.8, Q.No.9 or Q.No.10, Q.No.11 or Q.No.12 from
Section II.
2) Answers to the two sections should be written in separate answer books.
3) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
4) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
5) Use of logarithmic tables slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic Pocket
Calculator and steam tables is allowed.
6) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
P1101
SECTION - I
Q1) a) Test whether following Polynomial is Hurwitz or not. [4]
P(s) = S
4
+ S
3
+ 4S
2
+ 2S +3
b) What is positive real function? Give necessary and sufficient conditions
for a function to be Positive real function. [6]
c) Test whether following functions are positive real function. [8]
i)
2 s s
2 s s 2
) s ( F
2
2
1
+ +
+ +
=
ii)
1 s 3 s 3 s
4 s
) s ( F
2 3
2
2
+ + +
+
=
OR
Q2) a) What is the difference between a Network analysis and Network
synthesis? [4]
b) Check whether following polynomials are Hurwitz : [8]
i) P(S) = 2S
4
+ S
3
+ 2S
2
+ 4S +1
ii) P(S) = S
3
+ 2S
2
+ 4S + 1
c) State the properties of Hurwitz polynomial. [6]
P.T.O
SEAT No. :
[4163]-273 2
Q3) a) Give the properties of driving point L-C impedance functions. [4]
b) Realize the following function into Cauer-I and Cauer-II forms. [8]
s 4 s
9 s 10 s
) s ( Z
3
2 4
+
+ +
=
c) Realize the following function into Foster-II form. [4]
4) (s 1) (s
2) s(s
) s ( Y
+ +
+
=
OR
Q4) a) Find first and second foster forms of network for the impedance, [8]
4) (s 1) (s
3) s(s
) s ( Z
2 2
2
+ +
+
=
b) Find Cauer-I forms of network for the function, [4]
3 s 4 s
10 7 s
) s ( y
2
2
+ +
+ +
=
s
c) State the properties of RC driving point function of one port network.[4]
Q5) a) Realize the following function as symmetrical constant resistance lattice
network terminated by 1. [6]
2 3S S
2 3S S
2
1
V
V
2
2
s
o
+ +
+
=
b) Write a short note on Zeros of Transmission. [4]
c) Derive the condition for lattice network to be a constant resistance
network. [6]
OR
Q6) a) Realize the following function as symmetrical lattice network. [8]
1 s s
1 s s
V
V
H(S)
2
2
s
o
+ +
+
= =
b) Synthesize following into L-C ladder network with ls termination. [8]
2 4s s 3 s
s
(s) Z
2 3
3
21
+ + +
=
SECTION - II
Q7) a) Design second order Butterworth active low pass filter with cut-off
frequency 1.8 kHz. Use Sallen key configuration. [6]
b) Find the transfer function of normalized third order (3
rd
) low pass
Butterworth filter. Plot pole zero plot of function. [6]
c) Write a short note on frequency transformation. [6]
OR
Q8) a) Synthesize n=3 (3
rd
order) [8]
i) Band pass filter
ii) Band elimination filter with Butterworth filter approximation
amplitude response with
c2
=80 kHz and
c1
=20 kHz.
b) Design third order Butterworth approximation high pass filter with
cut-off frequency
0
=10
6
rad/sec and impedance level of 500 Using
frequency transformation. [6]
c) State the equations to find Chebyshev cosine polynomials. Find the
Chebyshev polynomials for n=2, n=3 and n=4. [4]
Q9) a) What is Biquadratic function? List important properties of it. [4]
b) Synthesize the following high pass filter using RC to CR transformation
where K is arbitrary constant.
T
(HP)
(s) = K S
2
/(S
2
+S+25) [6]
c) Synthesize second order LPF to have pole frequency 2 kHz and pole Q
of 10 using Sallen and Key circuit and design 3 i.e. saraga design. [6]
OR
Q10) a) Synthesize a second order band pass filter with center frequency at 1000
rad/sec and pole Q of 10, the gain at the center frequency is required to
be 0 dB. [6]
b) Write a short note on : [10]
i) Gyrator for inductor substitution.
ii) FDNR
[4163]-273 3
Q11) a) What is sensitivity? Write the properties of sensitivity function. [4]
b) For the network with R, L and C elements connected in parallel across
the current source I find transfer function and compute sensitivity of Q
p
,

p
and K with respect to passive elements R,L and C. [12]
OR
Q12) a) What are the different factors affecting the gain sensitivity? Explain
them. [8]
b) Explain briefly the effect of op amp characteristics on the active filter
performance. [8]
kbkb
[4163]-273 4
*4063273* [4063] 273
T.E. (E&TC) (Semester I) Examination, 2011
NETWORK SYNTHESIS AND FILTER DESIGN (New)
(2008 Pattern)
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 100
Instructions : 1) Answer 3 questions from Section I and 3 questions from
Section II.
2) Answers to the two Sections should be written in separate
books.
3) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
4) Black figures to the right indicate full marks.
5) Your answers will be valued as a whole.
6) Use of logarithmic tables, slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic
pocket calculator and steam tables is allowed.
7) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
SECTION I
1. a) Explain the following basic removal operations. 6
1) Removal of a pole at s =

from the function.

2) Removal of a pole at s = 0 from the function.
b) Test whether following function is a P.R. function. 4
1 s
2 s 3 s 2 s 2
) s ( Y
2
2 3
+
+ + +
=
c) Obtain the transfer function of the network shown in Fig. 1. Comment on the
nature of the transfer function. Give an application of this circuit. 6
Fig. 1
OR
P.T.O.
[4063] 273 -2- *4063273*
2. a) Explain the following basic removal operations. 6
1) Removal of a conjugate imaginary axis poles from a function.
2) Removal of a constant from the function.
b) Show that for
c bs s
a s
) s ( F
2
+ +
+
= to be a P.K. Function the necessary conditions
are 4
1) a, b, c > 0 2) b > a
c) Comment on the pole positions and the stability of a systems. 6
3. a) Explain the properties of a driving point admittance function Z
LC
(s) of a L-C
network. 4
b) Input impedance of the network shown in Fig. 2 is
2 2s 2s s
2 2s
Z
2 3
2
in
+ + +
+
= 6
If Z
0
is an L-C function
1) Find the expression for Z
0
2) Synthesize Z
0
into Foster I form.
Fig. 2
c) Synthesize following function into a network. 5
1
2 2
2
2
+ +
+ +
=
s s
s s
) s ( Z
d) Give the properties of an R-L-C impedance function. 3
OR
4. a) Explain the properties of a driving point admittance function Y
RL
(S) of an R-L
network. 4
b) Realize the function
s s
s s
) s ( Z
4
9 10
3
2 4
+
+ +
=
into a Cauer-I form by explaining all
the operations of the removal of a pole at S =

. 6
c) Give the essential properties of the R-L-C admittance function. 3
d) Pole-zero diagram of an impedance function is shown in Fig. 3. If
8
3
4 = ) ( Z
obtain the function and realize it into a Cauer II from. 5
Fig. 3
5. a) What is meant by ZOT ? 3
b) What is a residue condition ? Show that it is valid for the network shown in
Fig. 4. 6
Fig. 4
*4063273* -3- [4063] 273
c) What is a constant resistance network ? 2
d) Realize following transfer function H(s) in the form of a R-C ladder network.
5
2) (s 4) (s
ks
(s) H
+ +
=
OR
6. a) Prove that the residue condition holds good for the network shown in Fig. 5.
5
Fig. 5
b) Give the properties of the Transfer Function T(s). 3
c) Explain the meaning of an constant resistance network. 2
d) Realize the following voltage ratio Transfer Function. 6
2) (s 4) (s
ks
V
V
(s) H
2
s
o
+ +
= =
[4063] 273 -4- *4063273*
SECTION II
7. a) Give the basic properties of a butterworth filter. Obtain the transfer function
of a 3
rd
order normalized low pass filter. 7
b) Normalized third order low pass filter is shown in Fig. 6. Design the
corresponding high pass filter with its cutoff frequency W
c
= 10
6
rad/sec. and
the impedance level of . 500 4
Fig. 6
c) Explain frequency and magnitude normalization. 5
OR
8. a) Give the basic properties a Chebyshev filter. Obtain the transfer function of a
3
rd
order normalized low pass Chebyshev filter. 7
b) Explain the frequency and Network transformation. 4
c) Consider the low pass filter of Fig. 7. Convert this into a Band pass filter with
1 ohm impedance level with Band width (B) = 610
4
r/sec. and the band pass
is centered at W
0
= 410
4
rad/sec. 5
Fig. 7
*4063273* -5- [4063] 273
9. a) Compare an active filter with passive filter. 4
b) Synthesize following high-pass filter function by using RC to CR
transformations. 7
16
2
2
+ +
=
s s
s
K ) s ( T
HP
c) What is an gyrator ? Explain how an grounded inductor can be simulated by
using gyrator. Also draw the circuit of an OP-AMP that realizes the gyrator.
7
OR
10. a) Write a short note on
CR RC
transformation. 4
b) Synthesize the given real pole transfer function using active RC circuits with
no more than two OP-AMPs. 8
) s ( ) s (
) s (
V
V
) s ( T
in
o
4 3
8
+ +
+
= =
c) Explain the cascaded approach, coupled structure approach and direct
approach of an active network synthesis. 6
11. a) Define sensitivity in general. Give some of its important properties. 4
b) For the parallel L-C network shown in Fig. 8 find the Transfer function
in
o
I
V
and compute the sensitivities of K, W
p
and Q
p
with respect to the passive
elements R, L and C. 8
Assume V
in
= R I
in
.
Fig. 8
c) Write a short note on multi element deviations. 4
OR
[4063] 273 -6- *4063273*
12. a) What is gain sensitivity ? Explain various factors affecting gain sensitivity.
4
b) For the series R-L-C circuit shown in Fig. 9, calculate the sensitivity of the
resonant frequency (W
0
), the quality factor (Q
0
) with respect to R, L and C.
Comment on the results obtained. 6
Fig. 9
c) What is frequency compensation ? Why is it required ? Explain various techniques
used for frequency compensation. 6

B/II/11/8,010
*4063273* -7- [4063] 273
P.T.O.
*3963283* [3963] 283
T.E. (E & TC) (Semester I) Examination, 2011
NETWORK SYNTHESIS AND FILTER DESIGN (New)
(2008 Pattern)
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 100
Instructions :1) Answer any 3 questions from each Section.
2) Answer Q. 1 or Q. 2. Q. 3 or Q. 4, Q. 5 or Q. 6 questions
from Section I and Q. 7 or Q. 8, Q. 9 or Q. 10, Q. 11 or Q. 12
questions from Section II.
3) Answers to the two Sections should be written in separate
books.
4) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
5) Black figures to the right indicate full marks.
6) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
SECTION I
1. a) A series RLC circuit has a scale factor 5 for its driving point admittance. Pole
zero diagram as shown in figure 1. Find the values of R, L and C. 8
Figure 1. Q. 1(a)
[3963] 283 -2- *3963283*
b) Test whether 6
14 s 9 s
5 s 6 s
) s ( F
2
2
+ +
+ +
=
is a positive real function.
c) State the properties of all types of network functions. 4
OR
2. a) When is the network said to be 8
i) Causal ii) Stable
State and explain the conditions for stability and causality of a network function.
b) For the network shown in figure 2 find the driving point function z(s). Plot the
poles and zeros of z(s) on S plane. 6
Figure 2 Q. 2(b)
c) Find out the voltage transfer function of the network shown in figure 3. 4
Figure 3 Q. 2(c)
*3963283* -3- [3963] 283
3. a) Synthesize the following function by cauer first and cauer second form 10
) 3 s ( ) 1 s (
) 5 s ( ) 2 s (
) s ( z
+ +
+ +
=
b) Indicate with reasons, which of the following functions are either RC, LC, RL
or RLC impedance functions. 6
i)
) 4 s ( s
) 9 s ( ) 1 s ( 2
) s ( z
2
2 2
+
+ +
=
ii)
) 6 s ( ) 2 s (
) 8 s ( ) 4 s (
) s ( z
+ +
+ +
=
OR
4. a) Synthesize the following impedance function in Foster I and Foster II form 10
) 6 s ( ) 2 s (
) 3 s ( ) 1 s ( 2
) s ( z
+ +
+ +
=
b) State the properties of RLC driving point functions and explain its synthesis
procedure. 6
5. a) Explain the concept and significance of zeros of transmission in network
synthesis. Define minimum phase and non minimum function. 6
[3963] 283 -4- *3963283*
b) Synthesize given voltage ratio as a constant resistance bridged T network. 6
1 s 2 s
1 s
v
v
2
2
1
2
+ +
+
=
c) Realize the voltage ratio transfer function
g
2
v
v
as a lattice network with both
ends terminated in R. 4

=
1 s
1 s
2
1
v
v
g
2
OR
6. a) Explain the general procedure of synthesis of a transfer function. Obtain the transfer
function of two port terminated network in terms of y parameters. 6
b) Synthesize the open circuit voltage ratio transfer function using RC ladder
network. 6
) 4 s ( ) 2 s (
k
v
v
1
2
+ +
=
c) Identify the zeros of transmission for the network shown in figure 4. 4
Figure 4 Q. 6(c)
SECTION II
7. a) Realize a third order Butterworth filter whose transfer admittance function is
given by 8
1 s 2 s 2 s
1
) s ( z
2 3
21
+ + +
=
b) Explain the need and concept of magnitude and frequency scaling as used in
filter designing. 8
OR
8. a) Justify the necessity of approximation technique in filter design. Compare
and list the important characteristics of Butterworth and Chebyshev
approximations. 8
b) Find the Chebyshev polynomials for n = 2, n = 3 and n = 4. Design an
equiripple filter with the following specifications. 8
i) Maximum pass band ripple is 1 dB
ii) Cut off frequency

c
< 1.2.
iii) Stop band attenuation is 40 dB for

4 rad/s.
9. a) Explain the different biquad feedback topologies used in active filter designing
and list the important observations. 8
b) Synthesize the following high pass filter function using RC to CR
transformation. 8
16 s s
s
. k ) s ( T
2
2
HP
+ +
=
OR
*3963283* -5- [3963] 283
10. a) What is cascade approach in active filter synthesis ? Explain in brief and list
the advantages of the approach. 8
b) Synthesize a second order low pass filter to have a pole frequency of 2 KHz
and a pole Q of 10. Use Sallen key circuit based on positive feedback
topology. 8
11. a) For the parallel LC network shown in Figure 5, find the transfer function
in
o
I
V
and compute the sensitivities of k,

p
, Q
p
, w.r.t. to the passive elements R, L
and C. 10
Figure 5 Q. 11(a)
b) Explain the concept of gain sensitivity. Also explain the various factors effecting
the gain sensitivity. 8
OR
[3963] 283 -6- *3963283*
12. a) Explain the need of frequency compensation in OPAMP. Briefly explain any
two frequency compensation techniques. 10
b) Explain the effect of offset voltage on active filter performance. The input to
the inverter shown in figure 6 is a sine wave of an amplitude 5 volts. If the slew
rate of the opamp is 1V/sec, find the frequency at which the slew rate limiting
occurs. 8
Figure 6 Q. 12(b)

B/I/11/2,330
*3963283* -7- [3963] 283

P.T.O.
*3863383* [3863] 383
T.E. (E&TC) (Semester I) Examination, 2010
(2008 Course)
NETWORK SYNTHESIS AND FILTER DESIGN (NSFD) (New)
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 100
Instructions : 1) Answer any 3 questions from each Section.
2) Answers to the two Sections should be written in separate books.
3) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
4) Black figures to the right indicate full marks.
5) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
SECTION I
1. a) Explain the concept and physical significance of poles and zeros. 6
b) Find current ratio transfer function
1
2
I
I
for the network shown in the Figure 1. 6
Figure 1

c) Test whether
s s
s
) s ( F
4
1
3
2
+
+
= is a positive real function. 6
OR
2. a) What is a positive real function ? State the necessary and sufficient conditions
for a function to be a positive real function. 6
b) For the network shown in figure 2, the transfer admittance function is given by
) s ( ) s (
) s ( K
) s ( V
) s ( I
) s ( Y
4 2
1
1
2
21
+ +
+
= =
. Find out K. 6
Figure 2
c) Using ladder analysis. Find the voltage transfer ratio
) s ( V
) s ( V
in
o
for the network
shown in figure 3. Plot the pole zero diagram. 6
Figure 3
[3863] 383 -2- *3863383*

*3863383* -3- [3863] 383

3. a) State the properties of RLC driving point functions and explain its synthesis
procedure. 6
b) Obtain the Foster I and Foster II form of the following impedance function.
) s ( s
) s ( ) s (
) s ( Z
4
9 1
2
2 2
+
+ +
=
10
OR
4. a) Of the two pole zero diagrams shown in the figure 4, pick the diagram
representing a RL impedance function and synthesize by Foster I form. 6
Figure 4
b) State the properties of RC impedance function. Synthesize the following
impedance function using both the cauer forms. 10
) s ( ) s ( s
) s ( ) s ( ) s (
) s ( Z
6 2
8 4 1
+ +
+ + +
=

5. a) State the properties of transfer function. Obtain the transfer function of a two
port terminated network in terms of 3 parameters. 6
b) Realize the following voltage ratio transfer function in terms of constant
resistance lattice network terminated in 1 . 6
1
1
2
2
1
2
+ +
+
=
s s
s s
V
V
c) Identify the zeros of transmission for the network shown in figure 5. 4
Figure 5
OR
6. a) Explain the concept and significance of zeros of transmission in network
synthesis. 4
b) Synthesize open circuit voltage ratio transfer function.
) s ( ) s ( V
V
5 2
1
1
2
+ +
=
using RC ladder networks. 6
[3863] 383 -4- *3863383*

c) Synthesize the voltage ratio

1 2
1
2
2
1
2
+ +
+
=
s s
s
V
V
as a constant resistance bridged T network terminated in 1 resistance. 6
SECTION II
7. a) Write a short note on frequency transformation. 6
b) Find out the transfer function of a normalized low pass butterworth filter for n = 3
i.e. third order filter. Plot the pole plot of this filter. 6
c) Design and realize a Chebyshev filter to meet the following specifications.
i) Maximum passband ripple attenuation of 1 dB.
ii) Cut off frequency 2 1.
c
< rad/s.
iii) Stop band attenuation of at least 40 dB for 4 rad/s. 6
OR
8. a) Realize the network for a third order low pass butterworth filter. 6
b) What is magnitude and frequency scaling ? Explain its significance. 6
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c) A low pass filter is shown in figure 6. Convert this filter into a high pass filter
with cut off frequency of 10
6
rad/s and impedance level of 500 . 6
Figure 6
9. a) Write a short note on : 8
i) FDNR
ii) Gyrator.
b) Synthesize a second order low pass butterworth filter to have a cut off
frequency of 159.15 Hz. Then using RC CR transformation realize high
pass filter with same cut off frequency. 8
OR
10. a) Explain with suitable example the coefficient matching technique for obtaining
element values. 8
b) Synthesize the following transfer function using positive feedback circuit. 8
10000 100
000 20
2
+ +
=
s s
,
) s ( T
[3863] 383 -6- *3863383*

11. a) The active RC circuit shown in figure 7 realizes a second order high pass
function. Find its transfer function v
o
/v
in
and derive expressions for the sensitivity
of
i)
p

to the elements R
1
, R
2
, C
1
, C
2
.
ii) Q
p
to R
1
and amplifier gain A. 12
Figure 7
b) Explain the effect of slew rate and dynamic range of op-amp on active filter
performance. 4
OR
12. a) What is multielement deviation ? Define variability and derive the expression
for per unit change in parameter P due to simultaneous variations in all elements. 10
b) Explain briefly the effect of op-amp frequency characteristics on the
performance of an active filter. 6

B/II/10/6,820
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