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Control unit to Optimize the Power utilization of Solar power plant

I. I NTRODUCTION NE of the main characteristics of a solar power plant is that the primary energy source (solar radiation) cannot be manipulated. Also the radiation intensity depends on daily and seasonal cycle variations, like clouds, atmospheric humidity, and air transparency. Hence the need for a control unit is justied. This document is a literature review on control systems employed for solar energy control, with a view to produce a new hybrid control unit for the same. M Rodriguez et al. [9] suggested an approach where a logic embedded internal model based predictive control was applied to a hybrid solar air conditioning plant. Xin Xu Dou and John Andrews [10] describes a stand alone solar-hydrogen power generation system employing a PV array and storage of surplus energy in the form of hydrogen. Two alternative algorithms for MPP and load splitting function are outlined. Christian Sonntag et al. [11] proposed discrete supervisory control scheme to minimize auxillary energy use while ensuring safe and robust operation, based on the energetic aspect for a solar air conditioning plant. J Henriques et al. [12] suggested the use of of recurrent neural network model with output regulation for solar power plant control. Afne state-space neural network was used for modelling. III. C ONCLUSION Thus different control strategies developed to the time were studied. It is understood that furthur development of the control system will help the solar energy utilization to be more IV. W ORK P ROPOSAL A soft computing based supervised control of a neural or fuzzy based controller employing a soft computing model of the plant is suggested. Some form of energy storage device for equalisation of supply and demand can also be included. V. R EFERENCE [1] E.F. Camacho, F.R. Rubio, and F.M. Hughes, SelfTuning Control of a solar power plant with a distributed collector eld, IEEE Control System Magazine, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 72-78, February 1992. [2] Andres Flores, Doris Saez, Juan Araya, Manuel Berenguel, and Aldo Cipriano, Fuzzy Predictive Control of a Solar Power Plant, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 58-68, February 2005. [3] Abdulhadi Varnham, Abdulrahman M. Al-Ibrahim, Gurvinder S. Virk, and Djamel Azzi, Soft-computing ModelBased Controllers for Increased Photovoltaic Plant Efciences, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 873-880, December 2007. [4] Phatiphat Thounthong, Model Based-Energy Control of a Solar Power Plant With a Supercapacitor for GridIndependent Applications, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1210-1218, December 2011. [5] Paulo Gil, Jorge Henriques, Alberto Cardoso, Paulo Carvalho, and Antonio Dourado, Afne Neural Network-Based Predictive Control Applied to a Distributed Solar Collector

II. L ITERATURE S URVEY E.F Camacho et al. [1] proposed a self tuning PI controller for the distributed collector eld, based on a pole assignment approach. In order to compensate the measured disturbances, a feedforward controller is discussed both in series and parallel mode. Andres Flores et al. [2] suggested a fuzzy predictive controller, where the objective funch of a Model Based Predictive Controller (MBPC) is formed using fuzzy criteria based on operator knowledge about the process and its requirements. Also a comparison between classical MBPC is given. Abdulhadi Varnham et al. [3] suggested the use of soft computing solar cell models such as radial-basis-function network (RBFN) model and neuro-fuzzy model [Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)], together with a neurofuzzy regulator for improved PV plant efciency. Phatiphat Thounthong [4] proposes the use of a super capacitor together with PV source in a hybrid power plant, where a non-linear control approach based on atness property is recommended. Paulo Gil et al. [5] describes a Neural-network based predictive control of a distributed cllector eld, where the plant dynamics is approximated by an afne state space neural network. A model based predictive controller is used. Jorge Henriques et al. [6] proposed a heirarchial control strategy consisting of a fuzzy based supervisory switching of PID controllers, simplied using the c-Means clustering technique for distributed collector eld. Each PID controller has been tuned ofine, by the combination of a dynamic recurrent non-linear neural network model with a pole placement control design. Tor A Johansen and Camilla Storra [7] introduced a non linear internal energy based controller , based on a distributed parameter non linear plant model and includes feed forward from the solar irradiation and inlet temperature. Tor A Johansen et al. [8] proposed a gain-scheduled control using high order local linear ARX models that form the basis for the design of local linear controllers using pole placement.

Field, IEEE Transactions on Control System Technology, for future inclusion, pp. 1-12 [6] Jorge Henriques, Alberto Cardoso, and Antonio Dourado, Supervision and c-Means clustering of PID controllers for a solar power plant, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 22, pp. 73-91, 1999. [7] Tor A. Johansen, and Camilla Storra, Energy-based control of a distributed solar collector eld, Automatica, 38, pp. 1191-1199, 2002. [8] Tor A. Johansen, Kenneth J. Hunt, and Idar Petersen, Gain-scheduled control of a solar power plant, Control Engineering Practice, 8, pp. 1011-1022, 2000. [9] M. Rodriguez, C. De Prada, F. Capraro, and S. Cristea, Logic Embedded NMPC of a Solar Air Conditioning Plant, European Journal of Control, 6, pp. 484-500, 2008. [10] Xin Xu Dou, and John Andrews, Design of a dynamic control system for standalone solar-hydrogen power generation, Procedia Engineering, 49, pp. 107-115, 2012. [11] Christian Sonntag, Hao Ding, Sebastian Engell, Supervisory Control of a Solar Air Conditioning Plant with Hybrid Dynamics, European Journal of Control, 6, pp. 451463, 2008. [12] J. Henriques, P. Gil, A. Cardoso, P. Carvalho, A. Dourado, Adaptive neural output regulation control of a solar power plant, Control Engineering Practice, 18, pp. 11831196, 2010.