SMS Prinzregent Luitpold

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold

WARNING: Article could not be rendered - ouputting plain text. Potential causes of the problem are: (a) a bug in the pdf-writer software (b) problematic Mediawiki markup (c) table is too wide Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.SMS Prinzregent Luitpold Career (German Empire) Name:Prinzregent LuitpoldNamesake: Prince Regent Luitpold, Prince Regent of BavariaLuitpold of BavariaBuilder:Germaniawerft, KielLaid down: October 1910Launched: 17 February 1912Fate: Scuttled at Gutter Sound, Scapa Flow 21 June 1919Notes: RaisedSquish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly. in 1931 and broken up for scrapping 1933 General characteristics Class & type:Kaiser-class battleshipKaiser-class battleshipDisplacement:Designed: 24,724t (24,334 long tons; 27,254 short tons) Maximum: 27,000t (26,570 long tons; 29,760 short tons) Length: 172.4m (566ft)Beam: 29.0m (95.1ft)Draft: 9.1m (30ft)Installed power: 26,000shp (19,400kW)38,751shp (28,900kW) (trial)Propulsion: 2-shaft Parsons turbinesSpeed: 21.7 knots (40.2km/h)Range: 7,900 nautical miles (14,630km) at 12 knots (22km/h)Crew: 41 officers 1,043 enlisted Armament: 10 30.5 cm SK L/50 gun30.5cm (12.0in) guns 14 15 cm SK L/4515cm (5.9in) guns 12 [[8.8 cm SK L/Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.45 naval gun8.8cm (3.5in) guns 5 50cm (20in) torpedo tubes Armor:Belt armorBelt: 350mm (14in)#CITEREFGrnerGrner, p.26.Conning tower: 400mm (16in)Gun turretTurrets: 300mm (12in)SMS Prinzregent Luitpold{{efn|name=SMS%25257D%25257D was the fifth and final vessel of the Kaiser-class battleshipKaiserclass of battleships of the Imperial German Navy. Prinzregent Luitpold's keel was laid in October 1910 at the Germaniawerft dockyard in Kiel. She was launched on 17February 1912 and was commissioned into the navy on 19August 1913. The ship was equipped with ten 30.5-centimeter (12.0in) guns in five twin turrets, and had

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold a top speed of 21.7 knots (40.2km/h; 25.0mph).Prinzregent Luitpold was assigned to the IIIBattle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet for the majority of her career; in December 1916, she was transferred to the IVBattle Squadron. Along with her four sister ships, SMS Kaiser (1911)Kaiser, SMS Friedrich der Grosse (1911)Friedrich der Grosse, SMS KaiserinKaiserin, and SMS Knig AlbertKnig Albert, Prinzregent Luitpold participated in all of the major fleet operations of World WarI, including the Battle of Jutland on 31May 1June 1916. The ship was also involved in Operation Albion, an amphibious assault on the Russian-held islands in the Gulf of Riga, in late 1917.After Germany's defeat in the war and the signing of the Armistice with GermanyArmistice in November 1918, Prinzregent Luitpold and most of the capital ships of the High Seas Fleet were interned by the Royal Navy in Scapa Flow. The ships were disarmed and reduced to skeleton crews while the Allies of World War IAllied powers negotiated the final version of the Treaty of Versailles. On 21June 1919, days before the treaty was signed, the commander of the interned fleet, Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, Scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flowordered the fleet to be scuttled to ensure that the British would not be able to seize the ships. Prinzregent Luitpold was raised in July 1931 and subsequently ship breakingbroken up for scrap in 1933.Construction The shaded areas represent the portions of the ship protected by armorPrinzregent Luitpold was 172.4m (566ft) long Length overalloverall and displaced a maximum of 27,000 metric tons (26,570 long tons; 29,760 short tons). She had a beam of 29m (95ft) and a draft of 9.1m (30ft) forward and 8.8m (29ft) aft. She had a crew of 41officers and 1,043enlisted men. Prinzregent Luitpold was powered by two sets of Parsons steam turbines, supplied with steam by 14coal-fired boilers. Unlike her four sisters, the ship was intended to use a diesel engine on the center shaft, but this was not ready by the time work on the ship was completed. The engine was never installed, and so Prinzregent Luitpold was slightly slower than her sisters, which were equipped with a third turbine on the center shaft. The powerplant produced a top speed of 21.7 knots (40.2km/h; 25.0mph). She carried 3,600 metric tons (3,540 long tons; 3,970 short tons) of coal, which enabled a maximum range of 7,900 nautical miles (14,630km; 9,090mi) at a cruising speed of 12kn (22km/h; 14mph).Prinzregent Luitpold was armed with a main battery of ten 30.5 cm SK L/50 guns in five twin turrets. The ship disposed with the inefficient hexagonal turret arrangement of previous German battleships; instead, three of the five turrets were mounted on the centerline, one forward and two of them arranged in a superfiresuperfiring pair aft. The other two turrets were placed Glossary of nautical terms#Een echelon amidships, such that both could fire on the broadside.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, p.4. The ship was also armed with fourteen 15 cm SK L/4515cm (5.9in) SK L/45 guns in casemates amidships, eight 8.8 cm SK L/45 naval gun8.8cm (3.5in) SK L/45 guns in casemates and four 8.8cm L/45 anti-aircraft guns. The ship's armament was rounded out by five 50cm (20in) torpedo tubes, all mounted in the hull; one was in the bow, and the other four were on the broadside.Service history Ordered under the contract name Ersatz Odin as a replacement for the obsolete coastal defense ship SMS OdinOdin,#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, p.6. German warships were ordered under provisional names. For new additions to the fleet, they were given a single letter; for those ships intended to replace older or lost vessels, they were ordered as "Ersatz (name of the ship to be replaced)". Prinzregent Luitpold was laid down at the Howaldtswerke dockyard in Kiel in October 1910.#CITEREFGardiner & GrayGardiner & Gray, p.147. She was launched on 17February 1912 and christened by Princess Theresa of Bavaria; Ludwig III of BavariaLudwigIII, the last king of Bavaria and the son of Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavariathe ship's namesake, gave a speech.#CITEREFHildebrand Rhr & SteinmetzHildebrand Rhr & Steinmetz, p.54. After fitting-out work was completed, the ship was commissioned into the fleet on 19August 1913. Prinzregent Luitpold was equipped with facilities for a squadron commander, and became the flagship of the IIIBattle Squadron upon commissioning.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, pp.2122.Directly after commissioning, Prinzregent Luitpold took part in the annual autumn maneuvers, which followed the fleet cruise to Norway. The exercises lasted from 31August to 9September. Unit drills and individual ship training were conducted in October and November.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, pp.14, 22. In early 1914, Prinzregent Luitpold participated in additional ship and unit training. The annual spring maneuvers were conducted in the North Sea at the end of March. Further fleet exercises followed in April and May in the Baltic and North Seas. The ship went to Kiel Week that year. Despite the rising international tensions following the Assassination of

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold Archduke Franz Ferdinandassassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on 28June, the High Seas Fleet began its summer cruise to Norway on 13July. During the last peacetime cruise of the Imperial Navy, the fleet conducted drills off Skagen before proceeding to the Norwegian fjords on 25July. The following day the fleet began to steam back to Germany, as a result of Austria-Hungary's July Ultimatumultimatum to Serbia. On the 27th, the entire fleet assembled off Cape Skadenes before returning to port, where they remained at a heightened state of readiness. War between Austria-Hungary and Serbia broke out the following day, and in the span of a week all of the major European powers had joined the conflict.#CITEREFHeymanHeyman, p.xix.Prinzregent Luitpold was present during the first sortie by the German fleet into the North Sea, which took place on 23November 1914. No British forces were encountered during the operation. A second operation followed on 1516December.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, pp.19, 22. This sortie was the initiation of a strategy adopted by Admiral Friedrich von Ingenohl, the commander of the High Seas Fleet. He intended to use the battlecruisers of Rear Admiral Franz von Hipper's IScouting Group to raid British coastal towns to lure out portions of the British Grand Fleet where they could be destroyed by the High Seas Fleet.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, pp.149150. Early on 15December the fleet left port to raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitbyraid the towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby. That evening, the German battle fleet of some twelve dreadnoughtsincluding Prinzregent Luitpold and her four sister shipsistersand eight pre-dreadnoughts came to within 10nmi (19km; 12mi) of an isolated squadron of six British battleships. However, skirmishes between the rival destroyer screens in the darkness convinced von Ingenohl that he was faced with the entire Grand Fleet. Under orders from Kaiser WilhelmII to avoid risking the fleet unnecessarily, von Ingenohl broke off the engagement and turned the battle fleet back toward Germany.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.3133.Prinzregent Luitpold went into the Baltic for squadron training from 23to 29January 1916. While on the maneuvers, the newer battleship SMS KnigKnig became the IIISquadron flagship. Vice Admiral Reinhard Scheer, the commander of IIISquadron, lowered his flag on 24January and transferred it to Knig.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, p.22. The Kaiser removed von Ingenohl from his post on 2February, following the loss of the armored cruiser SMS BlcherSMSBlcher at the Battle of Dogger Bank (1915)Battle of Dogger Bank the month before. Admiral Hugo von Pohl succeeded him as the commander of the fleet.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.4344. Pohl continued the policy of sweeps into the North Sea to destroy isolated British formations. On 24April, Prinzregent Luitpold ran aground in the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, though she was freed without causing significant damage. A series of advances into the North Sea were conducted throughout the rest of 1915; Prinzregent Luitpold was present for the sweeps on 1718 May, 2930 May, 10August, 1112 September, and 2324 October. The IIISquadron completed the year with another round of unit training in the Baltic on 520 December.Pohl's tenure as fleet commander was brief; by January 1916 hepatic cancer had weakened him to the point where he was no longer able to carry out his duties. He was replaced by Vice Admiral Reinhard Scheer in January.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, p.161. Scheer proposed a more aggressive policy designed to force a confrontation with the British Grand Fleet; he received approval from the Kaiser in February.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.50. The first of Scheer's operations was conducted the following month, on 57 March, with an uneventful sweep of the Hoofden.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, pp.32, 35. Prinzregent Luitpold was also present during an advance to the Amrun Bank on 23 April. Another sortie was conducted on 2122 April.Battle of Jutland Maps showing the maneuvers of the British (blue) and German (red) fleets on 31 May 1 June 1916Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Squish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.Prinzregent Luitpold was present during the fleet operation that resulted in the battle of Jutland which took place on 31May and 1June 1916. The German fleet again sought to draw out and isolate a portion of the Grand Fleet and destroy it before the main British fleet could retaliate. During the operation, Prinzregent Luitpold was the third ship in the VIDivision of IIISquadron and the eighth ship in the line, directly astern of SMS KaiserinKaiserin and ahead of SMS Friedrich der Grosse (1911)Friedrich der Grosse. The VIDivision was behind only the VDivision, consisting of the four Knig-class battleshipKnig-class battleships. The eight Helgoland-class battleshipHelgoland- and Nassau-class battleshipNassau-class battleships of the Iand IIDivisions in ISquadron followed the VIDivision. The six elderly pre-dreadnoughts of the IIIand IVDivisions in IIBattle Squadron formed the rear of the formation.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.286.Shortly before 16:00, the battlecruisers of IScouting Group encountered the British 1st Battlecruiser Squadron under the command of Vice Admiral David Beatty, 1st Earl BeattyDavid Beatty. The opposing ships began an artillery duel that saw the destruction of HMS Indefatigable (1909)Indefatigable, shortly after 17:00,#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.9495. and HMS Queen MaryQueen Mary, less than half an hour later.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.100101. By this time, the German battlecruisers were steaming south to draw the British ships toward the main body of the High Seas Fleet. At 17:30, the crew of the leading German battleship, Knig, spotted both the IScouting Group and the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron approaching. The German battlecruisers were steaming to starboard, while the British ships steamed to port. At 17:45, Scheer ordered a Boxing the compasstwo-point turn to port to bring his ships closer to the British battlecruisers, and a minute later, the order to open fire was given.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.110. The compass can be divided into 32 points, each corresponding to 11.25 degrees. A two-point turn to port would alter the ships' course by 22.5 degrees. Prinzregent Luitpold engaged the nearest target her gunners could make out, one of the Lion-class battlecruiserLion-class battlecruisers, at a range of some 22,300yd (20,400m), though her shots fell short. Beatty's ships increased speed and at 17:51 veered away to further increase the distance to the IIISquadron battleships.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.54. At 18:08, Prinzregent Luitpold shifted her fire to the battleship HMS MalayaMalaya at a range of 19,100yd (17,500m), though without any success.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.99. By 18:38, Malaya disappeared in the haze and Prinzregent Luitpold was fSquish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.orced to cease fire.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.104. The British destroyers HMS Nestor (1915)Nestor and HMS NomadNomad, which had been disabled earlier in the engagement, lay directly in the path of the advancing High Seas Fleet.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.114. Prinzregent Luitpold and her three sisters destroyed Nomad with their

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold secondary guns while the ISquadron battleships dispatched Nestor.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.101. At around 19:00, the German battle line came into contact with the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron; Prinzregent Luitpold fired two salvos from her main battery at an unidentified four-funneled cruiser at 19:03 but made no hits.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.111.Shortly after 19:00, the German cruiser SMS WiesbadenWiesbaden had become disabled by a shell from the British battlecruiser HMS Invincible (1907)Invincible; Rear Admiral Paul Behncke in Knig attempted to maneuver the IIISquadron to cover the stricken cruiser.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.137. Simultaneously, the British 3rd and 4th Light Cruiser Squadrons began a torpedo attack on the German line; while advancing to torpedo range, they smothered Wiesbaden with fire from their main guns. The eight IIISquadron battleships fired on the British cruisers, but even sustained fire from the battleships' main guns failed to drive off the British cruisers.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.138. The armored cruisers HMS Defence (1907)Defence, HMS Warrior (1905)Warrior, and HMS Black Prince (1904)Black Prince joined in the attack on the crippled Wiesbaden.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.139. Between 19:14 and 19:17, several German battleships and battlecruisers opened fire on Defence and Warrior. Instead of joining the fire on the much closer cruisers, Prinzregent Luitpold engaged the leading battleships of the British line, firing a total of 21salvos. The gunners reported ranges of 17,500 to 18,800 yd (16,000 to 17,200 m), though this was an overestimation that caused the ship's salvos to fall past their intended target.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.152.By 20:00, the German line was ordered to complete a 180-degree turn eastward to disengage from the British fleet.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.169. The maneuver, conducted under heavy fire, caused disorganization in the German fleet. Kaiserin had come too close to Prinzregent Luitpold and was forced to haul out of line to starboard to avoid a collision. Prinzregent Luitpold came up alongside Kaiserin at high speed, which forced Kaiserin to remain out of line temporarily.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, pp.200201. The turn reversed the order of the German line; Prinzregent Luitpold was now the eighth ship from the rear of the German line, leading the IIISquadron.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.172.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.201. At around 23:30, the German fleet reorganized into the night-cruising formation. Kaiserin was the eleventh ship, in the center of the 24-ship line.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.275.After a series of night engagements between the leading battleships and British destroyers, the High Seas Fleet punched through the British light forces and reached Horns Reef by 04:00 on 1June.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.246247. The German fleet reached Wilhelmshaven a few hours later; the ISquadron battleships took up defensive positions in the outer roadstead, and Prinzregent Luitpold, Kaiserin, Kaiser, and SMS KronprinzKronprinz stood ready just outside the entrance to Wilhelmshaven.#CITEREFCampbellCampbell, p.320. The remainder of the battleships and battlecruisers entered Wilhelmshaven, where those that were still in fighting condition replenished their stocks of coal and ammunition.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.263. In the course of the battle, Prinzregent Luitpold fired one-hundred and sixty-nine 30.5cm shells and one-hundred and six 15cm rounds.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.292. She and her crew emerged from the battle completely unscathed.Subsequent operations In early August, Prinzregent Luitpold and the rest of the operational IIISquadron units conducted divisional training in the Baltic. On 18August, Admiral Scheer attempted a repeat of the 31May operation; the two serviceable German battlecruisersSMS MoltkeMoltke and SMS Von der TannVon der Tannsupported by three dreadnoughts, were to bombard the coastal town of Sunderland, Tyne and WearSunderland in an attempt to draw out and destroy Beatty's battlecruisers. The rest of the fleet, including Kaiser, would trail behind and provide cover.#CITEREFMassieMassie, p.682. During the operation, Prinzregent Luitpold carried the Commander of U-boats. On the approach to the English coast, Scheer turned north after receiving a false report from a zeppelin about a British unit in the area.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, p.15. As a result, the bombardment was not carried out, and by 14:35, Scheer had been warned of the Grand Fleet's approach and so turned his forces around and retreated to German ports.#CITEREFMassieMassie, p.683.Another fleet advance followed on 1820&nSquish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.bsp;October, though it ended without encountering any British units. Two weeks later, on 4November, Prinzregent Luitpold took part in an expedition to the western coast of Denmark to assist two U-boatsSM U-20 (Germany)U-20 and SM U-30 (Germany)U-30that

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold had become stranded there. The fleet was reorganized on 1December; the four Knig-class battleships remained in IIISquadron, along with the newly commissioned SMS BayernBayern, while the five Kaiser-class ships, including Prinzregent Luitpold, were transferred to IVSquadron.#CITEREFHalpernHalpern, p.214. Prinzregent Luitpold became the flagship of the new squadron. In the Wilhelmshaven Roads on 20January 1917, the ship struck a steel hawser that became entangled in the ship's starboard propeller. In March, Friedrich der Grosse was replaced as the fleet flagship by the newly commissioned battleship SMS BadenBaden. Friedrich der Grosse in turn replaced Prinzregent Luitpold as the flagship of IVSquadron.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, pp.15, 22. Steadily decreasing morale and discontent with rations provoked a series of small mutinies in the fleet. On 6June and 19July, stokers protested the low quality of the food they were given, and on 2August, some 800men went on a hunger strike. The ship's officers relented and agreed to form a Menagekommission, a council that gave the enlisted men a voice in their ration selection and preparation.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, p.232. One of the ringleaders of the protests, however, was arrested and executed on 5September.Operation Albion German troops landing at selIn early September 1917, following the German conquest of the Russian port of Riga, the German navy decided to eliminate the Russian naval forces that still held the Gulf of Riga. The Admiralstab (the Navy High Command) planned an operation to seize the Baltic island of Saaremaasel, and specifically the Russian gun batteries on the Srve PeninsulaSworbe Peninsula.#CITEREFHalpernHalpern, p.213. On 18September, the order was issued for a joint operation with the army to capture sel and MuhuMoon Islands; the primary naval component was to comprise the flagship, Moltke, along with the IIIand IVBattle Squadrons of the High Seas Fleet. Along with nine light cruisers, three torpedo boat flotillas, and dozens of naval minemine warfare ships, the entire force numbered some 300ships, supported by over 100aircraft and six zeppelins. The invasion force amounted to approximately 24,600officers and enlisted men.#CITEREFHalpernHalpern, pp.214215. Opposing the Germans were the old Russian pre-dreadnoughts Russian battleship SlavaSlava and Russian battleship TsesarevichTsesarevich, the armored cruisers Russian cruiser Bayan (1907)Bayan, Russian cruiser Admiral MakarovAdmiral Makarov, and Russian cruiser Diana (1899)Diana, 26destroyers, and several torpedo boats and gunboats. The garrison on sel numbered some 14,000men.#CITEREFHalpernHalpern, p.215.The operation began on the morning of 12October, when Moltke and the IIISquadron ships engaged Russian positions in Tagga Bay while Prinzregent Luitpold and the rest of IV Squadron shelled Russian gun batteries on the Sworbe Peninsula on sel. Prinzregent Luitpold, along with Kaiser and Kaiserin, were tasked with silencing the Russian guns at Hundsort which had taken Moltke under fire. The ships opened fire at 05:44, and by 07:45, Russian firing had ceased and German troops were moving ashore.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battle for the Baltic Islands''Staff, Battle for the Baltic Islands, pp.2021. Two days later, Vice Admiral Wilhelm Souchon left Tagga Bay with Prinzregent Luitpold, Friedrich der Grosse, and Kaiserin to support German ground forces advancing on the Sworbe Peninsula.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battle for the Baltic Islands''Staff, Battle for the Baltic Islands, p.67. By 20October, the fighting on the islands was winding down; Moon, sel, and Dag were in German possession. The previous day, the Admiralstab had ordered the cessation of naval actions and the return of the dreadnoughts to the High Seas Fleet as soon as possible.#CITEREFHalpernHalpern, p.219. On the 24th, Prinzregent Luitpold was detached from the task force and returned to Kiel.#CITEREFStaff, ''Battleships''Staff, Battleships, p.23.After arriving in Kiel, Prinzregent Luitpold went into drydock for periodic maintenance, from which she emerged on 21December. She then proceeded on to Wilhelmshaven, where she resumed guard duty in the Bight. On 17March 1918, the ship steamed to the Baltic for training exercises, and the following day the battlecruiser SMS DerfflingerDerfflinger rammed her outside Kiel. The accident caused no serious damage, however. The ship participated in the fruitless advance to Norway on 2325April 1918, after which she resumed guard duties in the German Bight.Fate Map of the scuttled ships showing Prinzregent Luitpold (#17); click for a larger viewPrinzregent Luitpold and her four sisters were to have taken part in a Naval order of 24 October 1918final fleet action at the end of October 1918, days before the Armistice with GermanyArmistice was to take effect. TSquish!You've been squished by a whale!Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something really silly.he bulk of the High Seas Fleet was to have sortied from their base in Wilhelmshaven to engage the British Grand Fleet; Scheerby now the Grand Admiral

SMS Prinzregent Luitpold (Groadmiral) of the fleetintended to inflict as much damage as possible on the British navy, to improve Germany's bargaining position, despite the expected casualties. But many of the war-weary sailors felt that the operation would disrupt the peace process and prolong the war.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.280281. On the morning of 29October 1918, the order was given to sail from Wilhelmshaven the following day. Starting on the night of29 October, sailors on SMS ThringenThringen and then on several other battleships Wilhelmshaven mutinymutinied.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, pp.281282. The unrest ultimately forced Hipper and Scheer to cancel the operation.#CITEREFTarrantTarrant, p.282. Informed of the situation, the Kaiser stated "I no longer have a navy".#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, p.252.Following the capitulation of Germany in November 1918, most of the High Seas Fleet, under the command of Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, was interned in the British naval base in Scapa Flow. Prior to the departure of the German fleet, Admiral Adolf von Trotha made clear to von Reuter that he could not allow the Allies to seize the ships, under any circumstances.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, p.256. The fleet rendezvoused with the British light cruiser HMS Cardiff (D58)Cardiff, which led the ships to the Allied fleet that was to escort the Germans to Scapa Flow. The massive flotilla consisted of some 370British, American, and French warships.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, pp.254255. Once the ships were interned, their guns were disabled through the removal of their breech blocks, and their crews were reduced to 200officers and men per ship.#CITEREFHerwigHerwig, p.255.The fleet remained in captivity during the negotiations that ultimately produced the Treaty of Versailles. Von Reuter believed that the British intended to seize the German ships on 21June 1919, which was the deadline for Germany to have signed the peace treaty. Unaware that the deadline had been extended to the 23rd, Reuter Scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flowordered the ships to be sunk at the next opportunity. On the morning of 21June, the British fleet left Scapa Flow to conduct training maneuvers, and at 11:20 Reuter transmitted the order to his ships. Prinzregent Luitpold sank at 13:30; she was subsequently raised on 9July 1931 and broken up by 1933 in Rosyth.Footnotes Footnotes "SMS" stands for "Seiner Majestt Schiff" (German languageGerman: His Majesty's Ship).CitationsReferences Campbell, John (1998). Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. London, UK: Conway Maritime Press. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-1-55821-759-1.Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 19061921. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-0-87021-907-8.Grner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Martin, Maass (1990). German Warships: 18151945 [Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe, 18151945] 1. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-0-87021-790-6. OCLCOCLC 22101769.Halpern, Paul G. (1995). A Naval History of World War I. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-1-55750-352-7. OCLCOCLC 57447525.Herwig, Holger (1998) [1980]. "Luxury" Fleet: The Imperial German Navy 18881918. Amherst, New YorkAmherst, NY: Humanity Books. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-1-57392-286-9. OCLCOCLC 57239454.Heyman, Neil M. (1997). World War I. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-0-313-29880-6.Hildebrand, Hans H.; Rhr, Albert; Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1990). Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe. Biographien ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart. (10 Bnde) [German Warships. Biographies a Mirror of Naval History from 1815 to the Present. (10 Volumes)] (in German). Mundus Verlag.Robert K. MassieMassie, Robert K. (2003). Castles of Steel. New York City, NY: Ballantine Books. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-0-345-40878-5. OCLCOCLC 57134223.Staff, Gary (2010). German Battleships: 19141918 2. Oxford, UK: Osprey Books. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-1-84603-468-8. OCLCOCLC 449845203.Staff, Gary (2008) [1995]. Battle for the Baltic Islands 1917: Triumph of the Imperial German Navy. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword Maritime. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-1-84415-787-7. OCLCOCLC 232131032.Tarrant, V. E. (2001) [1995]. Jutland: The German Perspective. London, UK: Cassell Military Paperbacks. International Standard Book NumberISBN978-0-304-35848-9. OCLCOCLC 48131785.

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