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AS/MAR2012/PHY310

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

MODERN PHYSICS PHY310 MARCH 2012 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of three parts: PART A(20 Questions) PART B(4 Questions) PART C(2 Questions)

2.

Answer ALL questions from PART A, PART B and PART C: i) Answer PART A in the Objective Answer Sheet. ii) Answer PART B and PART C in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page

3. 4.

Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) ii) iii) the Question Paper An Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty An Objective Answer Sheet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 9 printed pages
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CONFIDENTIAL PARTA 1.

AS/MAR2012/PHY310

A body that would absorb all the radiation falling on it is calied A. B. C. D. white body. blackbody. radiator. absorber.

2.

Which of the following experiment is the proof that particie can behave like wave? A. B. C. D. Milikan experiment Rutherford experiment Electron diffraction experiment de Broglie relation

3.

The hypothetical particies that carry the energy of an electromagnetic wave is calied A. B. C. D. gluon. neutrino. graviton. photon.

4.

What is the maximum kinetic energy of an electron ejected from a metal surface whose work function is 2.78 eV when illuminated by light of wavelength 400 nm? A. B. C. D. 0.328 eV 3.28 eV 32.8 eV 328 eV

5.

Bohr's second postulate stated that A. B. C. D. linear momentum is quantized. angular momentum is quantized. ionization energy is quantized. excitation energy is quantized.

6.

Why does a UV light cause sunburn but visible light does not? A. B. C. D. Because Because Because Because UV UV UV UV light light light light contain more photons than visible light. photons contain more energy than visible light photons. photons contain less energy than visible light photons. cannot be seen by our eyes. CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL 7.

AS/MAR2012/PHY310

Balmer series in a line emission spectra for hydrogen atom is the first series to be discovered because A. B. C. D. it it it it is the only series produce by hydrogen atom. is in the visible light rnge. is in the UV rnge. is in the infrared rnge.

8.

The general equation for energy levels for an atom of atomic number Z is given by z2 E = EH, where EH = -13.6 eV. Calculate the ionization energy for a mole of lithium where Z = 3. [Avogadro number, NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol"1] A. B. C. D. 122.4 J 122.4 MJ 11.8 J 11.8MJ

9.

If an electron and a proton travel at the same speed, which has the shorter wavelength? A. B. C. D. Wavelength of electron is shorter. Wavelength of proton is shorter. Both wavelengths are the same. Both cannot have wavelength because they are particles.

X-ray intensity

* Wavelength, X P The diagram above shows the X-ray intensity of an X-ray machine operating at voltage Vi. Which of the following is true if the operating voltage is increase to V2? A. B. C. D. P will shift to the right. P will shift to the left. Q will shift to the right. Q will shift to the left.

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11.

Estimate the wavelength for an n = 3 to n = 2 transition in Fe(Z = 26). A. B. C. D. 0.180 0.195 0.361 0.390 nm nm nm nm

12.

Consider the following elements, ^H, \H and \H. They are all A. B. C. D. isobaric. isotones. isotopes. isochoric.

13.

Which of the following force is the strongest in nature? A. B. C. D. Weak nuclear force Strang nuclear force Electromagnetic force Gravitational force

14.

Which of the following is false about alpha particle? A. B. C. D. Moving with the speed very much less than speed of light. It is the nucleus of a helium atom. It can penetrate 1 m thick of concrete. It can strongly ionize air molecules.

15.

The half-life of C-14 is 5730 years averagely. An artifact of woodcraft was discovered to contain only 9% of C-14 compared to fresh wood would. How old is the artifact? A. B. C. D. 5730 years 11500 years 19900 years 22900 years

16.

The following methods can be used to detect radioactive radiation except A. B. C. D. Geiger Muller counters. cloud Chamber. spark counter. function generator.

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17.

Calculate the total binding energy for \%Ye. [mp=1.007826u, mn=1.008665u, mFe=55.9349u] A. B. C. D. 0.5286 MeV 52.86 MeV 0.4924 MeV 492.4 MeV

18.

The following are the advantages of fusion technology if we can use it except A. B. C. D. it is clean. its resources is abundance. it can operate at room temperature. it has high energy density.

19.

Which of the following explanation is acceptable for the reason why we cannot use carbon dating technique to find the age of a piece of volcanic stone? A. B. C. D. The The The The rock rock rock rock is too dense. is not a carbon based material. come from outer space. is not transparent.

20.

In order to control the rate of the chain reaction in a nuclear power Station, we use material X to absorb some of the neutrons. What is the material used for this purpose? A. B. C. D. Hydrogen Lithium Cadmium Wax

(30 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL PARTB QUESTION 1 (a) Explain the following terms. (i) (ii) (iii) (b) threshold frequency

AS/MAR2012/PHY310

(1 mark) stopping potential. (1 mark) photon. (1 mark) A monochromatic light of wavelength 286 nm is used to shine on the surface of a metal. The stopping potential is measured to be -1.62 V. If the Charge of electron is 1.60 x 10"19 C, calculate the work function of the metal. (3 marks) Explain how (i) (ii) intensity of light frequency of light

(c)

influence the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons produced. (4 marks) QUESTION 2 (a) Explain the following terms. (i) (ii) (iii) Binding energy of a nucleus. (1 mark) Isotopes of an element. (1 mark) Mass defect. (1 mark) (b) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon mn=1.008665u, mp=1.007825u, 1u=931.5 MeV/c2] for
2

||f/-

[mu=235.043923u, (4 marks)

(c)

Explain in detail how the velocity selector in a mass spectrometer function. (3 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 3 (a)

AS/MAR2012/PHY310

Give the characteristics of the following particles and ray. (i) (ii) (iii) alpha. (1 mark) beta. (1 mark) gamma. (1 mark)

(b)

A radioactive material has half-life of 3.76 years. Caiculate the percentage of radioactive nuclei that is left over after 1.65 years. (3 marks) Explain why the track formed by alpha particles in a cloud Chamber is straight and thick but the on formed by beta particle is zig-zag and thin. (4 marks)

(c)

QUESTION 4 (a) (i) Distinguish between atomic number and mass number of a nucleus. (2 marks) (ii) Write down the nuclear notation of a nuclide with particular reference to a lithium nucleus containing 3 protons and 4 neutrons. (2 marks)

(b)

Free neutrons are unstable and decay by beta emission with a half-life of 770 s. (i) (ii) Write down a possible nuclear equation for the decay of a free neutron. (1 mark) Using the relationship of b(i) and the following data, caiculate the energy released in the decay of a free neutron. [mn=1.008665u, mp=1.007276u, me=0.000549u] (3 marks)

(c)

Sketch a graph to show the Variation of binding energy per nucleon with nucleon number. (2 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL PARTC QUESTION 1 (a)

AS/M AR 2012/PHY310

Outline the experimental evidence that electromagnetic radiation is (i) (ii) a wave, (2 marks) particulate. (2 marks)

(b)

Explain how the existence of electron energy levels in atoms gives rise to line spectra, which may be emission or absorption spectra. (4 marks) Some of the energy levels in atomic hydrogen are shown in figure 1 0.00 eV -0.378 eV -0.544 eV -0.850 eV

(c)

-1.51 eV
0

LU

-3.40 eV

-13.6 eV Figure 1 (i) Caiculate the minimum wavelength of the radiation that could be emitted from atomic hydrogen. State also the region of electromagnetic spectrum in which this radiation occurs. (4 marks) Sketch the pattern of the visible line emission spectrum of hydrogen. This takes place when electrons fall to the -3.40 eV level. Mark the red and violet ends of the spectrum. (3 marks) CONFIDENTIAL

(ii)

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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 2 (a) (i)

AS/MAR2012/PHY310

Draw and label in detail the physical structure of a simple X-ray machine. (4 marks) Explain how X-ray machine works. (4 marks)

(ii)

(b)

Explain in detail the production of (i) Continuous X-rays spectrum, (2 marks) (ii) Characteristic X-rays, (2 marks)

(c)

Derive a formula to caiculate the minimum wavelength produced by an X-rays machine and explain the Symbols used. (3 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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