Acids, Bases and Salts

Properties of Acids

1 Taste 2 3 4 5 6 7

Properties of Acids

1 Taste Sour 2 Litmus is 3 4 5 6 7

Properties of Acids

1 Taste Sour 2 Litmus is Red 3 Phenolphthalein is 4 5 6 7

Properties of Acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Taste Sour Litmus is Red Phenolphthalein is Colourless Bromthymol Blue is

Properties of Acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Taste Sour Litmus is Red Phenolphthalein is Colourless Bromthymol Blue is Yellow

Reacts with

Properties of Acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Taste Sour Litmus is Red Phenolphthalein is Colourless Bromthymol Blue is Yellow

React with metals to form Hydrogen A conductor of electricity

Properties of Acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Taste Sour Litmus is Red Phenolphthalein is Colourless Bromthymol Blue is Yellow

React with metals to form Hydrogen A GOOD conductor of electricity

Will Neutralize

Properties of Acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Taste Sour Litmus is Red Phenolphthalein is Colourless Bromthymol Blue is Yellow

React with metals to form Hydrogen A GOOD conductor of electricity

Will Neutralize Bases

Properties of Bases 1 Taste 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Properties of Bases 1 Taste Bitter 2 Feel 3 4 5 6 7 8

Properties of Bases 1 Taste Bitter 2 Feel Slippery 3 Litmus is 4 5 6 7 8

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is Pink Bromthymol Blue is

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is Pink Bromthymol Blue is Blue
react with most metals

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is Pink Bromthymol Blue is Blue
Dont react with most metals conductors of electricity

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is Pink Bromthymol Blue is Blue
Dont react with most metals

GOOD conductors of electricity Will neutralize

Properties of Bases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taste Bitter Feel Slippery Litmus is Blue Phenolphthalein is Pink Bromthymol Blue is Blue
Dont react with most metals

GOOD conductors of electricity Will neutralize Acids

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed, you get a

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed, you get a SALT

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed, you get a SALT and WATER

Salts like Sodium Chloride (NaCl) are used as food preservatives

Salted fish

Microorganisms are the cause of most food spoilage. High salt concentrations kill microorganisms

Salt and vinegar are used to preserve pickles.

Indicators are substances that are different colours in acids and bases. One example is litmus paper:

Another is Phenolphthalein

Another is Bromthymol Blue

Some Common Acids Acid Name Where acid is found

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric Malic

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric Malic Oxalic

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric Malic Oxalic Acetic

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb Vinegar

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric Malic Oxalic Acetic Lactic

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb Vinegar Sour Milk

Some Common Acids Acid Name

Citric Malic Oxalic Acetic Lactic
Carbonic H2CO3

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb Vinegar Sour Milk Soft Drinks

Acid Name
Citric Malic Oxalic Acetic Lactic
Carbonic H2CO3 Sulphuric H2SO4

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb Vinegar CH3COOH Sour Milk Soft Drinks Car Batteries

Acid Name
Citric Malic Oxalic Acetic Lactic
Carbonic H2CO3 Sulphuric H2SO4 Hydrochloric HCl

Where acid is found

Citrus fruits Apples Rhubarb Vinegar CH3COOH Sour Milk Soft Drinks Car Batteries Stomach

Burning fuels that contain sulphur can cause sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to form in the air. This causes ACID RAIN.

Some Common Bases

Base Name Formula Where Base is found

Some Common Bases

Base Name Sodium Hydroxide Formula NaOH Where Base is found Oven & Drain Cleaner

Some Common Bases

Base Name Sodium Hydroxide Potassium Hydroxide Formula NaOH KOH Where Base is found Oven & Drain Cleaner Oven & Drain Cleaner

Some Common Bases

Base Name Sodium Hydroxide Potassium Hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide Where Base is found Formula NaOH Oven & Drain Cleaner Oven & Drain Cleaner KOH Mg(OH)2 Laxative (Milk of Magnesia)

Some Common Bases

Base Name Sodium Hydroxide Potassium Hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide Aluminum Hydroxide Formula NaOH KOH Mg(OH)2 Al(OH)3 Where Base is found Oven & Drain Cleaner Oven & Drain Cleaner Laxative (Milk of Magnesia) Antacid

Neutralization

Acid + Base

Water + A Salt

Hair perms use Neutralization

The waving lotion is a Base. An Acid (Neutralizer) is poured over the Base to form a Salt, which is rinsed off.

Many household products are acids and bases. If spilled, they can be neutralized. Vinegar (a weak acid) will neutralize Bases Baking soda (a weak base) will neutralize Acids

Some Common Salts

Salt Name Formula Where Salt is found

Some Common Salts

Salt Name Sodium Chloride Formula NaCl Where Salt is found Table Salt

Some Common Salts

Salt Name Sodium Chloride Sodium Bicarbonate Formula NaCl NaHCO3 Where Salt is found Table Salt Baking Soda

Some Common Salts

Salt Name Sodium Chloride Sodium Bicarbonate Potassium Chlorate Formula NaCl NaHCO3 KClO3 Where Salt is found Table Salt Baking Soda Match Heads

Some Common Salts

Salt Name Sodium Chloride Sodium Bicarbonate Potassium Chlorate Potassium Nitrate Formula NaCl NaHCO3 KClO3 KNO3 Where Salt is found Table Salt Baking Soda Match Heads Fertilizer, Explosives