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EndNote X6 Help User Guide

Copyright 2012 Thomson Reuters

Allrights reservedworldwide.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,transmitted,transcribed,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortranslatedintoanylanguageinanyformbyanymeans,withoutwrittenpermissionfromThomsonReuters. ThisproductincludessoftwaredevelopedbytheApacheSoftware F oundation(http://www.apache.org/). MicrosoftWindowsand A ctiveSyncareregisteredtrademarksofMicrosoftCorporation. OpenOffice.orgisatrademark o fOpenOffice.org. PDFtechnologyinEndNoteispoweredbyPDFNetSDKcopyrightPDFTron S ystemsInc.,2001-2010,anddistributedby ThomsonReutersunderlicense. A llrightsreserved. Allotherproductandservicenamescitedinthishelpfilemaybetrademarks o rservicemarksoftheirrespectivecompanies. Notice regarding legal use of downloaded reference data EndNotegivesyouthecapabilitytoimportreferencesfromonlinedatabases a ndstoretheminyourpersonalEndNotelibraries. Someproducersofonline referencedatabasesexpresslyprohibitsuchuseandstorageoftheirdata; otherschargeanextrafee foralicensetousethedatainthisway. B eforeyoudownloadreferencesfromadatabase,besuretocheck t hecopyrightandfair usenoticesforthedatabase.Notethatdifferent databasesfromthesameprovidermayhavevaryingrestrictions.

Introduction

Overview of Thomson Reuters EndNote

WelcometoEndNoteX6-thecompletereferencesolution! EndNote is an online search tool Youcansearch onlinebibliographicresourcesandretrievereferencesdirectlyinto y ourEndNotelibrary.Youcan alsoexportreferencestoEndNotefrom y ourfavoriteonlineresource(seeDirectExportProvidersinEndNote Help). EndNote is a reference and full text organizer with a collaborative Web tool Yourpersonalreferencelibrarywill s aveyoucountlesshoursoforganizingyourresearch. l Groupreferences a ccordingtoyourresearchprojectsandattachupto45filesper r ecordformanagingrelated materials. l Locatefulltext P DFfilesforyouorcreateareferencewhenimportingaPDFfile. S ynchronizereferencesand fileattachmentswithyourEndNoteWebaccount. l SharegroupswithotherEndNoteuserseasilyandmanageyourResearcherID p ublicationlist. EndNote is a bibliography maker CiteWhileYou W ritetakesthepainoutofcitingandformattingreferencesin MicrosoftWord,andOpenOffice.org W riter3forWindows.Youcanalsocreate b ibliographies f orotherwordprocessorsusingFormatPaper (RTFfiles).Thereis s implynobettertoolthanEndNoteforhandlingdiversebibliographic s tylerequirements. EndNoteandEndNoteWebarecollaborativetoolstosimplifyworking w ithcolleagues. See the following help topics for more information. l SeeWhat's N ewinEndNoteX6foralistofthemostrecentfeaturesadded t oEndNote. l Fordocumentationupdatesandcorrectionnotes f orthisrelease,refertotheReadme.txt f ileinstalledintheEndNote folder. l For l ate-breakingnewsandupdates,goto: h ttp://www.endnote.com/support. l ForacompletelistofprintableEndNoteHelp t opicsforWindows,go t o h ttp://endnote.com/support/helpdocs/EndNoteX6WinHelp.pdf.

What's New in EndNote X6?

ThecurrentreleaseofEndNote includesthefollowingnewfeatures.

l Updateandsynchronize y ourreferencesinEndNotedesktopandEndNoteWebbytheclickof abutton.Maintainandsynchronizethereferencesinyour E ndNotelibrarywiththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeblibraryevenacrossmultiplecomputers. l ChangeLayoutoptionstomatchyourmonitorandpreferences,suchasshowingthePreview,Reference,andPDFViewer panelsontherightsideofthescreentofitwidescreenmonitors. l OpenPDFsinaseparatetabbedReference/PDFwindowforviewingreferencesorannotatingPDFfiles. l Applyaratingtoeachofyourreferences.SearchyourEndNotelibrarybyselecting t heRatingoptionfromtheFieldlist. l ApplyaReadorUnread t agtoyourreferences f romtheLibrarywindowortheReferencewindowinorder t otrackwhichreferencesyouhavereviewedduringyourresearch.Setratingpreferences tohaveEndNoteautomaticallymarkreferences asreadafterviewingintheReference,Preview,andPDFViewerpanels orafterchangingtheratingofareference. l CopyorMovethe c ontentsofonefieldtoanotherfieldwithoutlosingthe originaltextformattingstyle. l ChangethecaseoffielddatafromtheReferencewindow.Options includeSentencecase,lowercase,UPPERCASE, EveryWord, a ndtOGGLEcASE. l Changethecaseoffield d ataforallreferencescurrently"showing"intheLibrary w indow byusingtheChange/Move/Copy Fieldscommand. l Selectdifferentauthornameformatsforshortformsoffullreferencefootnotes. l Edit f ullreferencefootnotecitationstoexcludeauthorname,year,or a uthor/year. l E-maila s electedreferencewithorwithoutfileattachments toyourcolleagues. l RetrieverecordsinXML f ormatfromonlinesearchdatabases. For more information about these features, see: OverviewoftheSyncProcess Read/UnreadPreferences ResolveSyncConflicts SyncPreferences TheLibraryWindow UnfiledGroups

EndNote X6 Display Fonts

Bydefault,EndNotedisplaystherecommendedsystemfontspecifiedforyourversionofWindows.SeeDisplayFontsPreferencesifyouwanttochangethefontandfontsizeonyourcomputerwhenworkinginEndNoteX6. Note:IfyouareupgradingfromEndNoteX5orearlier,youwillnoticethefontsettingswillchangewiththisversion.Thisistoprovidethebestexperiencefornewdisplayfeatures.

View Our Whats New Video

ThomsonReuters r ecommendsthatyouviewourWhatsNewvideoatwww.endnote.com/training oronourYouTubechannelat www.youtube.com/endnotetraining.

View Features Added in Earlier Versions of EndNote

l FeaturesAddedtoEndNoteX3 l FeaturesAddedtoEndNoteX4 l FeaturesAddedtoEndNoteX5

Top 10 Things to Remember about EndNote

1. EndNotedoesnotreplacethestylemanual.It w illmakeiteasiertofollow themanual,butyouwillstillneed t hemanual. 2. Garbagein,garbageout.Socheckyourimport results,especiallywhenworkingwithsourcessuchasGoogleScholar t hat mayhaveinconsistentdata. 3. UseoneEndNotelibraryforallofyourwriting. I twillmakeyourlifeeasierinthelongrun. 4. UsetheEditCitationcommandtomakechangesto c itationsindocuments.Tryingtomakechangesonthescreen risks corruptingtheEndNotecitations. 5. Ifyouareusingfootnotestyles,yourwordprocessor c ontrolsthenumberingandplacementofthefootnoteandEndNote controls t heformatting.Soyouwillfirstneedtoinsertthefootnote u singyourwordprocessor,theninserttheEndNotecitationintothat f ootnote. 6. EndNoteprovidesfivewaysofimportingreferences: l Onlinesearch l Directexport l Importingtextfiles l ImportingPDFfiles l ThroughtheCapturebuttoninEndNoteWeb, w hichcanimportonerecordatatimeintoeitheranEndNoteor a nEndNoteWeblibrary Themethodyouusewilldependonwhichdatabasesyouneedtowork w ith.Talktoyourlibrarianaboutsearchingonline databases.They c antellyouwhichdatabasesyouhaveavailabletoyouandthebest w ayofsearchingthem. 7. OnlinesearchusestheZ39.50Internetprotocol, a standardprotocolthatwasdevelopedjustforsearchingandretrieving bibliographicdata.Ithaslimitations. l Itdoesnotworkthroughproxy servers. l Itdoesnotusethesameportyourbrowser u ses. l Itisnotthesameprotocolyourbrowser u ses. 8. EndNotecanbecustomized. 9. Forcollaboration,usetheEndNoteWebfeature s etinEndNotetostorereferencesonlinewhereyourentireproject t eam canaccess them. 10. BackupyourEndNoteLibraries.

About ResearcherID
ResearcherID.comisafreelyavailableresourcefortheglobal,multi-disciplinary s cholarlyresearchcommunity.Afterregistering, youareassignedanindividual I Dnumberthatstayswithyouoverthecourseofyourcareer,regardless o fnamechangesor changeininstitutionaffiliation. ResearcherIDallowsyoutocreateanonlineProfileforshowcasingyour p ublicationhistory.Itisdesignedtoassociateyouwith yourscholarly w ork,thusassuringanaccuraterecordofoutputandattribution.Italso p rovidesagatewayforcolleaguesto quicklylocateyourpublishedwork andtoidentifyyouasapotentialcollaborator.

ResearcherID Features
AtResearcherID.com,youcan: l Updateyourbiographical(Profile)information a tanytime; l BuildyourpublicationlistbyusingWebofKnowledge, W ebofScience,DistinctAuthorsets,orbyuploadingafile; l ManageyourpublicationlistwithEndNoteWeb; l ControlwhetheryourProfileispublicorprivate, muchlikepeopledoonFacebookandotherWebsites; l Viewcitationmetricsforarticlesfoundinthe W ebofScience;and l Searchtheregistrytofindcollaborators,review publicationlists,andexplorehowresearchisusedaroundtheworld.

ResearcherID Tools
Inaddition,ResearcherIDincludesaninteractiveLabs environmentforexplorationofauthor-levelmetrics.Thesetoolsallow f or visualanalysisofresearchnetworksbasedon: l SubjectCategory l Country/Territory l Institution l AuthorName l PublicationYear l GeographicLocation Thetoolsinclude: l Citing Articles Network-Visuallyexplorewhoiscitingyourarticles. l Collaboration Network-Visuallyexploreyourcollaborationassociates. l Badge- P laceanimagegraphiconanyWebsitetoshowyourmembershipin R esearcherID.ThebadgedisplaysarealtimesummaryofyourProfile a ndpublicationsonmouse-hover. Would You Like to Know More? l GotoResearcherID.com l MoreinformationaboutResearcherID

Contacting Thomson Reuters

Customer Service
ContactSalesforgeneralproductinformation, p ricing,quantitydiscounts,andreferralstodealers. ContactCustomerServicetoordernewcopies o rupgradesofEndNote,tocheckbilling/shippingstatus,andtoregister y oursoftware. Sales Information Phone:1-800-722-1227 ( TollFree) Phone:7604385526(countrycodeis01) F ax:7604385573(countrycodeis01) W eb/E-mail:http://www.endnote.com/contact Customer Support (Orders, Billing, and Shipping) Phone:8003364474(country c odeis01) Fax:2153862911 ( countrycodeis01) Web/E-mail:http://www.endnote.com/contact

Support
ContactTechnicalSupportifyouencounterproblemswhileusingEndNote. W henyoucontactus,pleasehaveacleardescription oftheproblemand k nowtheversionofyourWindowsoperatingorMacintoshsystem,EndNote, a ndwordprocessor.Tofindthe EndNoteversionandserialnumber,start EndNoteandselectAboutEndNotefromtheEndNotemenu(Macintosh)or t heHelp menu(Windows). Forweb/e-mailorphonecontact,includinghoursandholidayclosures, p leasegoto:http://www.endnote.com/contact Technicalsupporttipsarealsoavailablefromthehttp://science.thomsonreuters.com/techsupport/hours/ s iteandtheEndNote DiscussionForum(seethesectionsthatfollow in t hismanual).

International Customer and Technical Support

ForcustomersupportortechnicalsupportoutsideofNorthAmerica, v isitourWebsitetocheckforalocaldistributor. Gotohttp://www.endnote.com/distributors t ofindcontactinformationforyourlocalEndNotesupport.

EndNote Web Site

TheEndNoteWebsite(http://www.endnote.com) c ontainsfreetrainingoptionsincludingonlinevideos andWebclasses, a technicalsupportknowledgebase,andinformationonthelatestversions o fEndNote.Youcanalsofindupdatedstyles,filters,and connection f ilesavailablefordownload.

EndNote Discussion Forums

IfyouwishtojoinanongoingforumofEndNoteuserslikeyourself, g otohttp://www.endnote.com/forum. Youcanbrowseseveral EndNotemessagelists,easilysearchfortopics, a ndjointoaddmessages. JointheEndNotesocialnetworkat:

l www.facebook.com/EndNote l www.twitter.com/EndNoteNews l www.youtube.com/endnotetraining

Technical Support & Services

GotoTechnicalSupport&Servicesfor a listoffrequentlyaskedquestions w ereceiveaboutEndNote.

Other Resource Contacts

EndNote Training ToviewourEndNote t utorialsortodownloadupdates,outputstyles,importfilters, documenttemplates,andmore,gotoourProduct T rainingpage. Product Suggestions Tooffersuggestiononhowwecanimprove u ponEndNote,gotoProductSuggestions. Windows Printable Help File For a completelistofprintableEndNoteHelptopics,gotohttp://endnote.com/support/helpdocs/EndNoteX6WinHelp.pdf.

Features Added to EndNote X3

EndNoteX3includesthesenewfeatures: l Usegroupsetstobetterorganize y ourEndNotereferences.Savereferencesingroupsandthensavesets o fgroupsin groupsets.Youcancollectbothcustomgroups andsmart g roupswithinthesamegroupset.SeeAbout G roupsandGroup Sets. l Createaseparatebibliography f oreachsectioninasingleMicrosoftWorddocument.SeeCreating M ultipleBibliographies inaSingleDocumentandSections. l InMicrosoftWord,multiple c itationsthataregroupedunderasinglenumbercanbedifferentiated w ithletters.SeeNumbering C itations. l Findevenmorefulltextdocuments w ithFindFullText.UseOpenURLLinkresolversandproxysystems t ofind,download,andautomaticallyattachfulltextPDFfilesalong w ithcorebibliographicdata.SeeFinding F ullTextforaReference. l Easilysaveacopyofanattached f ile.SeeSaving aCopyofanAttachedFile. l Useexpandedandupdatedbibliographic o utputstyles,importfilters,andconnectionfiles. l UseadditionalAppleScript c ommandstoautomateEndNotetasks.SeeAppleScript a ndAppleScriptExamples. CiteWhileYouWritewiththefreeOpenOffice.org W riterwordprocessor.SeeHowtoCiteWhileYou W ritewithOpel nOffice.orgWriter. l UseEndNotewithfullcompatibilitywith64bit v ersionsofMicrosoftWindows.

Features Added to EndNote X4

EndNoteX4addsthesefeatures:

l ImportandcreatenewrecordsfromPDFfiles. W hetheryouareimportingasinglefileorafolderofPDFfiles, E ndNote usesmetadataandDOIinformation t ocreateanewreferenceandattachthesourcePDF.Basicbibliography i nformation willbeaddedautomaticallyformostjournalarticles, c onferenceproceedings,conferencepapers,andreports. l SearchthecontentsofattachedPDFfiles. Y ouwillfindanewoptiononthefieldlisttosearchPDFfilesseparately, orin combinationwiththereferencedata. l Createnewgroupsbycomparing,combiningor s uppressingexistinggroups.Thenewsmartgroupsareupdateddynamically a syourlibrarygrows. l Transferupto10,000referencesbetweenthe desktopandEndNoteWebtoshareonlinegroupswithotherEndNote u sers. SharedgroupsarenowincludedwhenyouCiteWhileYouWrite f romEndNoteWeb. l Editreferenceswhencomparingduplicatescopy/paste a ndsavechangesintheside-by-sideview. CiteWhileYouWritenewfeaturesinclude: l Addhyperlinks betweenin-textcitationsandthebibliographyreferenceinMicrosoft W ordusinganyjournalstyle. l Useexpandedfunctionalitywheneditingcitationstrack usageandmore. l MeetthecompleteAPA6thstylerequirements i ncludingspecifichandlingofreferenceswitheightormoreauthors, hyphenatedfirstnamesandDOIdata. l ImprovedfootnotehandlingfortheChicago M anualofStyleandsimilarfootnote-basedbibliographicstyles. l TravelingLibraryenhancementsrecognizereferences w hensharingWorddocumentsforbettercollaboration. l Getaquickcitationreportofreferencescited i naMicrosoftWorddocumentwithanewauto-groupintheEndNote l ibrary.

What's New in EndNote X5?

ThecurrentreleaseofEndNoteincludesthefollowingnewfeatures: l EasilyconvertyourReferenceManagerdatabasestoEndNotedatabases.ThisfeaturesisavailabletousersofReference Manager,versions11and12. l WithinCiteWhileYouWrite,younowhavetheoptiontoconvertReferenceManagercitationsandbibliographiestoEndNotecitationsandbibliographies.ThisfeatureassumesthatyouhaveconvertedyourReferenceManagerdatabasetoan EndNotedatabase. l Addandtransferfileattachmentstoreferences inyourEndNoteWebaccountforgreatermobility. l ViewandannotatePDFfilesintheEndNotelibrary.UpgradeorcreateyourWebaccountwith y ourX5licensetoreceive thisexpandedfeature. l FindReferenceUpdatesontheRecordEditwindow t oretrieveadditionalonlinedatasuchasthePMCIDrequiredfor N IH grants. l SelectanewcitationoptionAuthor(Year) withintheFind&InsertMyReferencesdialoginCiteWhile Y ouWrite. l Savetimewithnewconditionalformatting s ubstituteemptyfieldswithalternatessuchasVolumeandPages w ithDOI. SupportincludesDOI,PMCID,andEditor/Translatorconditions. l Reviewduplicatereferencesquicklywithnew auto-highlightsforeachfieldwheredifferencesarefound. l ViewnewDatasetandMusicreferencetypesas w ellasnewfieldsforNIHMSIDandArticleNumber.

l Selectfromanexpandedsetofbibliographic s tyles,importfilters,andconnectionfilesinstalledbydefault oraddmore throughcustomizing. Note: ThomsonReuters r ecommendsthatyouviewourWhatsNewvideoatwww.endnote.com/training o ronyourEndNoteX5 CD. SeethefollowingHelptopicsformoreinformationaboutthesenewfeatures i nEndNote. l Finding D uplicateReferences l Updating R eferences l Field S ubstitutions(BibliographyandFootnotes) l ConvertingaReferenceManagerDatabasetoEndNote Note: ThomsonReuters r ecommendsthatyouviewourWhatsNewvideoatwww.endnote.com/training f ordetailedinformation aboutthenewfeaturesinEndNote. IfyouhaveupgradedfromanearlierversionofEndNote,youmaywant t oseethefollowingtopicsinEndNoteHelp. l Features A ddedtoEndNoteX3 l Features A ddedtoEndNoteX4

The EndNote Library

About the EndNote Library
Back Up Your Libraries
YourEndNotelibrarybecomesincreasinglyvaluabletoyouasyouadd r eferencestoit.Consequently,itisimperativethatyou backupyour l ibraries,alongwithanyotherimportantdocuments.Eachlibraryismade u pofafilewiththeextension.ENLplusa corresponding.DATAfolder.Alwaysbackupboththe.ENLfileandthe.DATAfolder. YoucanusetheSavea C opycommandoroneoftheCompressedLibrarycommandstosaveacopy o fyourlibrarytoaremovabledisk(orelsewhere)forsafekeeping.SeeBackingUpYour E ndNoteFilesformoreinformationaboutmakingbackupcopies ofyour f iles. Related Topics: Backing U pYourEndNoteFiles Important FilestoBackup Important PointsAboutLibraries LibrarySummary Savea C opyofaLibrary

Important Points About Libraries

Listedbeloware s omeimportantpointsabouttheEndNotelibrary.Detailedinformation a bouteachoftheseitemsfollows. l There i snolimittothenumberofreferencesyoucancreateinanEndNote library.Itisrecommendedthatthenumbernot exceed50,000tomaintain efficientperformancemanagingthedatabase. l Thereisnolimit t othenumberoflibrariesyoucancreate,assumingthatyouhave t hediskspacetostorethem.Werecommendthatyoukeepallthereferences y ouciteinyourpapersinoneprimarylibrary. l You c anselectdefaultlibrariestoopenautomaticallywhenEndNoteis s tarted. l You c anopenmorethanonelibraryatatime. l Librariescreatedwith t heWindowsversionofEndNotecanbeusedbytheMacintoshversion o fEndNoteandviceversa (seeTransferring L ibrariesAcrossPlatforms). l Eachlibrarycanbe i ndependentlymoved,copied,renamedordeletedusing t heWindowsExplorer(orbyopening"MyComputer") . Alwaysmove,copy, r enameordeleteboth t hemain.ENLfileandthe.DATAfolder; o therwise,youcanlosereferencedata. l Figures,Groups,andothersignificantfiles a restoredina[libraryname].DATAfolderwhichisinthesamefolder a syour mainlibraryfile.Thisfolderisanextensionofthelibrary, s oremembertomove,copy,rename,ordeletetheassociated DATAfolder a longwiththemainlibraryfile. l Libraryfilenamesincludetheextension.ENL.Ifyourlibraryfilenamedoesnotincludean.ENLextension,Windows Explorermaynotbedisplayingfileextensions.YoucanchangethissettinginWindowsExplorerifyouwish. l The L ibrarywindowcanberesizedandthedisplayfontcanbechanged t oanyfontorsizethatyouprefer. l TheLibrarywindowdisplaysamulti-columnreference l ist.Bydefault,thefirstcolumnshowsaRead/Unreadindicatorfollowedby:

l l l l l l l l

Author Year Title Rating Journal(orsecondarytitle) ReferenceType URL LastUpdated

Youcanchangetheorderofthefields,addfields,removefields,orchangethenameofafieldinthecolumnheadingsof theLibrarywindow.SeeDisplayFieldsPreferencesformoreinformation. Related Topics: BackUp Y ourLibraries Creating a NewLibrary LibrarySummary OpeningaLibrary The L ibraryWindow Transferring L ibrariesAcrossPlatforms

Library Summary
Toseeasummaryofstatistics aboutthecurrentlyopenlibrary,go t otheToolsmenuandselectLibrarySummary. Ifyouwishtosaveandprintthisinformation,usethe"Copytext t oclipboard"buttonandthenpastethetextintoawordprocessor d ocument. Foralistofstatisticsabout aspecificreference,seeRecord S ummary.

The Library Window

The Library Window
WhenyoufirstopenalibraryinEndNote,youseeaLibrarywindow m adeupoffourdifferentpanels. l l l l l TheGroupsPanel ThePDFViewerPanel TheReferenceListPanel TheSearchPanel TheTabsPanel

You c anclickonapaneltomakeitactiveorpressF6tojumpfromonepanelto a nother. Theselectionofgroupsandmenucommandsdepends onthedisplaymodethatyouselect.SeeTheDisplayModes.

The Library Toolbar

TheLibrarytoolbarprovidesvariouscommandsthatallowyouto m anageyourreferences.Foradescriptionofeachcommand, seeTheLibrary T oolbar.

Selecting the Sync Feature

YourpurchaseofEndNoteX6entitlesyoutoatwo-yearfree s ubscriptiontoEndNoteWebouronlineversionofEndNotedesktop. TheSyncfeatureallowsyoutosynchronizethereferencesin y ourEndNotelibrarywiththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeb library. Y oumustregisterandhaveanactiveEndNoteWebaccountto i nitiatetheSyncprocess. I Already Have an EndNote Web Account 1. ClicktheSync buttoninthetoolbartogotoanEndNoteWebLogindialog. 2. EnteryourEndNoteWebe-mailaddress. 3. EnteryourEndNoteWebpassword. 4. ClickOK. TheSyncprocessshouldautomaticallybeginsynchronizingyour E ndNotedesktopreferenceswithyourEndNoteWebreferencessothat a nexactmatchexistsinbothlibraries. SinceyoualreadyhaveanEndNoteWebaccount,EndNotepopulates t hefields ontheSyncPreferencespagewiththee-mail addressand p asswordthatyouenteredontheEndNoteWebLogindialog.Later y oucanchangethedatainthesefieldsifyou everchangeyour e -mailaddressorpassword. Note:TheSynclibrarythatyoudefinedinSync P referencesmustbeopenandcurrentlyactivetoperformtheSyncprocess. Moreover,youcannotinitiatetheSyncprocesswhileinOnlineMode. I Do Not Have an EndNote Web Account SinceyoudonothaveanEndNoteWebaccount,youmustcreateone. R egistrationisfastandeasyandactivatesyourtwo-year EndNoteWeb a ccountwhencompleted. 1. ClicktheSyncbuttonintheLibrarytoolbartogotoan E ndNoteWebLogindialog. 2. ClicktheSignUpbuttontogotoaUserRegistrationdialog. 3. Enteryoure-mailaddressintheUserRegistrationdialog.Retype youre-mailaddress,andthenclicktheContinuebutton. 4. Enteryourpersonalinformationintherequiredfieldson t henextUserRegistrationform.Forexample,enteryourname, a password,atitle,andfillintheremainingfields. 5. ClicktheIAgreebuttontocompletetheregistrationprocessandtobeginsynchronizingyourEndNoteWeblibrarywithyour EndNotelibrary. OnceyoucreateyourEndNoteWebaccount, E ndNotepopulatesthefields ontheSyncPreferencespagewith y oure-mail addressandpasswordthatyouenteredduringregistration.Lateryoucanchangethedatainthesefieldsifyoueverchangeyour e-mailaddressorpassword. Note:Werecommendthatyoucreateacompressed l ibrarybackupthefirsttimethatyouinitiatetheSyncprocess.SeeSaving aCompressedCopyofaLibraryformoreinformation. SeeSyncPreferences andOverviewoftheSyncProcessformoreinformationaboutthisfeature.

Selecting a Layout Mode

ClicktheLayoutbuttoninthelowerright-handcornerofthe L ibrarywindowtodisplayamenuthatlistssevendifferentlayout options. Groups Panel Left / Off:Thislayoutallowsyouto h ideorshowtheGroups p anel.Youcanusethisoptionincombinationwithany oftheother l ayoutoptions. Reference Panel Right:Thislayoutallows y outocombinetheReference,Preview,andPDFViewertabsas o nepanel t otherightof theReferencelistinacolumnararrangement.Thisisthe d efaultlayoutoption. Right - Split:Thislayoutallows y outoarrangetheReference/PreviewtabsandthePDFViewerpanelto t heright oftheReferencelistinacolumnararrangement. Bottom:Thislayoutallows y outocombinetheReference/PreviewtabsandthePDFViewertabina s plitarrangementbelow t heReferencelist. Bottom - Split: Thislayoutallowsyou t ocombinetheReference,Preview,andPDFtabsinonepanelbelow t he Referencelist. Off:Thislayoutallows y outohidetheReference,Preview,andPDFViewerpanels.EndNote d isplaysonlythe GroupspanelandtheReferencelistside- b y-side.

Selecting the Search Panel

TheSearchpaneldisplaysatthetopoftheEndNotewindowregardless ofwhichlayoutoptionyouselect. TobeginasearchofyourEndNotelibrary,selectthegroupof r eferencesyouwanttosearchandthenselectSearchLibraryfrom the T oolsmenu.YoucanalsoclicktheShowSearchPanelbuttontodisplay t heSearchpanelandtheHideSearchPaneltohide theSearchpanel. Tobeginasearchofanonlinedatabase,clickonthedatabasename i ntheGroupspanelunderOnlineSearchorgototheTools menuandselectOnlineSearch.SeeTheSearchPanelformoreinformation.

Selecting a Display Mode

YoucanchoosefromthreedifferentdisplaymodesintheLibrary w indow. Integrated Library & Online Search Mode:Allgroupsandcommands areavailable.Whenyoudownloadreferencesfroman onlinedatabase.EndNote s avestheminyouropenlibrary. Local Library Mode:Displaysautomatic g roups,customgroups,andsmartgroups.OnlineSearch g roups are notavailable. Online Search Mode:Searchanddownloadreferencesfrom onlinedatabases.Inthismode,only OnlineSearchgroupsareavailable. R eferences a redownloadedintoatemporarylibrary.Theyareremovedwhenyouclose EndNote. Toswitchbetweenthesemodes,clickontheappropriatetoolbar b utton.

Formoreinformation,seeThe D isplayModes.

Resizing the Library Window

YoucanresizetheLibrarywindowbyclicking t hewindowborderinthelowerrightwindow c orneranddraggingtothedesired s ize orbyclickingthemaximize/minimizebuttonsintheuppercorner oftheLibrarywindow. EndNoteremembersthenewsizeoftheLibrarywindowaswellasits l ocationonthescreen.ThenexttimeyouopenEndNote, thelibraryappears w iththesamedimensionsandinthesamelocationaswhenyoulastclosed i t.EachEndNotelibrarycanhave itsownuniquedimensionsandscreen l ocation.

Changing the Library Display Font

Bydefault,EndNotedisplaystherecommendedsystemfontspecified f oryourversionofWindows. Youcanselectadifferentfontandsizeforthetextdisplayedin t heLibrary w indow byusingEndNotespreferences.ThelistofreferencesintheLibrary w indowusesthefontandfontsizeasdefinedfromtheLibrarytabinDisplay F ontspreferences. ThePreviewtabontheTabspanelusestheGeneraldisplayfont.Changes m adetothedisplayfontsapplytoallEndNote librariesopenedonthat c omputer. SeeDisplayFonts P referencesforinstructionsonhowtochangethedisplayfont. Note:Changingthedisplayfontsdoesnot a ffectthefontEndNoteuseswhen i tcreatesabibliography.EndNoteusesthefontof yourpaperforthe b ibliography.

Changing the Display Fields

Bydefault,thefirstcolumnintheLibrarywindowdisplaysaRead/Unreadindicatorfollowedby: l FileAttachments l Author l Year l Title l Journal/SecondaryTitle l Rating l ReferenceType l URL l LastUpdated Youcanchangetheorderofthefields,addfields,removefields, o rchangethenameofafieldinthecolumnheadingsofthe Library w indow.SeeDisplayFieldsPreferences forinstructiononhowtochangethedisplayfields. Onceyouhavesetthedesireddisplayfields,youcanadjust t hecolumn w idthsbydraggingthebarbetweencolumnheadings.

Changing the Reference List Sort Order

Bydefault,thereferenceslistedintheLibrarywindow aresorted b ythefirstauthorslastname. Youcanchangethesortorderbyselecting S ortLibraryfromtheToolsmenuorbyclickingthecolumnheadings.Whenyou s orta library,thatsortorderisretainedevenafteryoucloseandreopena l ibrary.SeeSorting t heLibraryformoreinformationaboutsorting. Related Topics: DisplayFieldsPreferences DisplayFontsPreferences Important PointsAboutLibraries Navigating i ntheLibraryWindow RecordSummary Showing a ReferencePreview

The Library Window Display Modes

YoucanchoosefromdifferentdisplaymodesintheLibrarywindow.You m aywanttoalwaysworkinIntegrated Library & Online Search Mode,whereallgroups andcommands areavailable.Whenyoudownloadreferencesfromanonlinedatabase, they aresaveddirectlyintoyouropenlibrary. Theotheroptionistoworkprimarily i nLocal Library Modeandswitch t oOnline Search Modewhenyouwanttosearchand downloadreferencesfrom anonlinedatabase.InLocalLibraryMode,theOnlineSearchgroupsare n otavailable;onceyouselect theOnlineSearchcommandfromtheTools menu,youareautomaticallyswitchedtoOnlineSearchMode.InOnline S earch Mode,onlytheOnlineSearchgroupsareavailable, andreferences a redownloadedintoatemporarylibrary.Thisallowsyouto downloadreferences f romonlinedatabaseswithoutaffectingyourlocallibrary.Manylibrary c ommandsarenotavailableinOnline SearchMode. Toswitchbetweenthesemodes,clicktheappropriatetoolbarbutton.

Integrated Library & Online Search Mode

Whenyoufirstcreatealibrary,IntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearch M odeisineffect.Allgroupsandmenucommandsareavailable.Whenyou p erformanonlinesearch,thefoundreferencesaredownloadeddirectly i ntothecurrentlyopenlibrary. WhenyouclosealibrarywithIntegratedmodeineffect,thatsetting isretained;whenyouopenthelibraryagain,allgroupsare available.

Local Library Mode

LocalLibraryModedoesnotdisplayOnlineGroups.Itdisplaysautomatic g roups,customgroups,andsmartgroups.Itkeeps y ou frominadvertentlysearchinganonlinedatabaseanddownloadingreferences intoyourcurrentlyopenlibrary. WhenyougototheToolsmenuandselectOnlineSearch,orclickthe O nlineSearchModeicononthetoolbar,EndNoteswitches intoOnlineSearch M ode.

WhenyouclosealibrarywithLocalLibraryModeineffect,thatsetting i sretained;whenyouopenthelibraryagain,onlylocal librarygroups a reavailable. Note:Youcanstill u seFindFullText,usetheImportcommand,ordirectdownloadreferences i ntoyourlocallibrary.Onlyan OnlineSearchcommandswitchestoOnline S earchMode.

Online Search Mode

SelectOnlineSearchModeifyoudonotwanttoautomaticallydownload f oundreferencesdirectlyintoyouropenlibrary.Youmay prefer t operusethedownloadedreferencesandthencopyonlyspecificreferences i ntoyourpermanentEndNotelibrary. WhenOnlineSearchModeisineffect,theonlygroupsavailableinthe L ibrarywindow areOnlineSearches,aswellastheautomaticgroupsOnline R eferencesandOnlineTrash.Whenyouretrievereferencesfromanonline d atabaseinOnlineSearch Mode,thereferencesaredownloadedintoatemporary l ibrary.Ifyouwanttosavethereferencesyouhavedownloaded,youmust copythemtoanexistingEndNotelibrary. WhenOnlineSearchModeisineffect,manymenuitemsaredisabled. Y oucannotsavechangestoanindividualreferenceor makeglobalchanges t oreferences. WhenyouclosealibrarywithOnlineSearchModeineffect,thatsetting i snotretained;whenyouopenthelibraryagain,Local LibraryModeis ineffect,withonlylocalgroupsavailable. Related Topics: About t heLibraryWindow Important PointsAboutLibraries TheGroups Panel TheReference L istPanel TheTabsPanel

The Groups Panel

Groupsaresubsetsofreferencessavedforeasyretrieval.Theleft p aneloftheLibrarywindow listsseveralgroupsetsthat includevarious t ypesofgroups:automaticgroups,customgroups,smartgroups,Online S earchgroups,andFindFullText groups.Eachis describedbelow. AnewlibrarymaydisplayonlythepermanentAllReferences,Unfiled, andTrashgroups.Todisplayagroupofreferencesinthe ReferenceList panel,clickthegroupname. Note:Ifyoufind t hatnotallgroupsareavailable,seeThe L ibraryWindow DisplayModes.

Group Sets
GroupsetsareindicatedbygroupsetheadingsintheGroups panel. S omegroupsetsarepermanent,andcannotberemoved. TheseincludeOnline S earchandFindFullText,whicharedescribedbelow.A n ewlibrarybegins withonegroupset:MyGroups. Youcanrename i tatanytime.Youcanalsocreateanynumberofadditionalcustomgroup s ets.Groupsetscancontainanycombinationofcustomgroupsand s martgroups,asdescribedbelow. Expandorcollapsethelistofgroupsunderagroupsetheading b yclickingtheplus(+)orminus ( -)button.Clickanddragagroup setheadingtomove t hegroupsettoanewlocation. Formoreinformationaboutgroupsets,seeUsingGroupSets.

Automatic Groups
Automaticgroupsincludebothpermanentandtemporarygroups,arelisted a tthetopoftheGroupspanelintheLibrarywindow, andcannotbechanged. Thepermanentgroups are: All References:Thisdisplays a llofthereferencesinthecurrentlibrary.Ifyouhighlightasubset o freferencesinthisgroupand thendisplayonlythoseselectedreferences, t henameofthegroupchangestoShowingReferences.Thestatuslinealong t hebottomofthewindowwillalwaystellyouhowmayreferencesyouare v iewingplusthetotalnumberofreferencesinthelibrary. Sync Status:Thisisnotreally agroup.TheSyncStatus buttonallows youtoopentheSyncStatsdialogtoreviewinformation abouttheEndNotelibrarythatyouselectedto s ynchronizewithyourEndNoteWeblibrary.ThedialogtellsyouthenumberofreferencesandthenumberoffileandfigureattachmentsthatEndNoteupdatedduringthelastSyncprocess.A"Copytexttoclipboard"buttonallowsyoutocopythetexttoaclipboard,andthenpastethetextinatextfile. Sync Conflicts Group:Thisgroupcontainsallofthe r eferencesforwhichEndNotehasidentifiedaconflict b etweenanEndNote referenceandEndNoteWeb r eference. Unfiled:Thisgroupcontains t hosereferences thatarenotpartofacustomgroup(andoptionallynot p artofasmartgroup).RightclickUnfiledtodisplayacontextsensitive m enuandtogglethesetting"ExcludeSmartGroupsinUnfiled/Include S martGroups inUnfiled". Trash:Thisgroupcontainsthe referencesyouhaveremovedfromthelibrarybyselectingMoveReferences t oTrashfromtheReferencesmenu.Whilethereferencesareofficially nolongerinyourlibrary(theywillnotappearinanyothergroupor referencelist, theyarenotincludedinyourreferencecount,andthey c annotbesearchedorcited),theyarenotcompletelydeleteduntilyou g o totheReferencesmenuandselectEmptyTrash.UntilyouselectEmptyTrash, y oucanstilldragreferencesfromtheTrashgroup backtoyouractive library.

Temporary Groups
Copied References: T histemporarygroupdisplaysthelastgroupofreferencesthatwereretrieved i nOnlineSearchModeand thencopiedintoyourpermanentlibrarywith t heReferences>CopyReferences T ocommand. Duplicate References:This t emporarygroupdisplaystheresultsofduplicatedetectioninyourlibrary. Y oucanrunduplicate detectionwiththeReferences > DetectDuplicatescommand. S eeFinding D uplicateReferences. Imported References:Thistemporary g roupdisplaysthelastsetofreferencesimportedintothelibrarywith t heFile>Import command. SeeGeneral I mportingInstructions. Search Results:Thistemporary groupdisplaysthemostrecentsearchresults.Eachtimeyourunanother s earchonthelibrary, thisgroupisreplaced.SeeSearching f orReferences. Find Full Text groupsarealso a utomaticandtemporary,buttheyappearunderaFindFullTextgroup s et,describedbelow. Note:Whenyou c losealibrary,alltemporarygroupsaredeleted.Onlythegroupsare d eleted;thereferencesarestillinthe library!

Custom Groups, Smart Groups, and Combination Groups

Customgroups,smart groups,andcombinationgroupsareuserdefined.Youcancreateupto 5 ,000userdefinedgroupsand organizethemingroupsets. Youcaneasilydraganddropindividualreferencesorlistsofselected r eferencestoandfromcustomgroups.Customgroupsare updatedonlywhen y ouspecificallyaddorremovereferences.

Smartgroupsaredynamicallyupdatedbyapplyingsearchcriteriato e achreferenceasitisaddedorupdated. Combinationgroupsincludecustomgroupsandsmartgroups. Formoredetailedinformationaboutsavingreferencesingroups,and s avingthosegroupsingroupsets,seeAbout G roups . Online Search TheOnlineSearchsectionintheGroupspanellistsyour"favorite" c onnectionfilesforonlinesearching.Whenyouclickononeof theseconnectionfilenames,theSearchpanelbecomesactive a ndyouareconnectedtotheselectedonlineserviceinorderto begin s earching.Formoreinformationaboutonlinesearching,seeHow t oSearchanOnlineDatabase. IftheOnlineGroupssectionisnotavailableintheGroupspanel,you m aybedisplayingtheLibrarywindowinLocalLibraryMode. SeeThe L ibraryWindowDisplayModes. Find Full Text TheFindFullTextgroupsetliststemporarygroups thatappearwhen y ouselectFindFullTextfromtheReferencesmenu.The groupsremain f orthecurrentsession,butdisappearwhenyouclosethelibrary. Searching...:Thisgroupdisplays t hecurrentsetofreferencesforwhichEndNoteisattemptingtofind e itherthefulltextfileof eachreferencedworkoratleastaURLto t hereferencedwork.Whenthefulltextsearchiscompleted,thisgroup i sdeleted. ThosereferencestowhichfulltextoraURLwasaddedare d isplayedinaFoundPDFgrouporaFoundURLgroup. Found PDF: T hisgroupdisplaysthesetofreferencesforwhich E ndNoteinsertedthePDFfileofthereferencedworkasan attachment. T hesereferencesdisplayapaperclipiconintheFileAttachmentscolumnof t hereferencelist.IfaURLisalso found,itisaddedtothereference, b utthereferenceisnotincludedintheFoundURLgroup. Found URL:Thisgroupdisplaysthesetofreferencesforwhich E ndNoteinsertedaURLtothereferencedwork. Not Found:Thisgroupdisplays t hesetofreferencesforwhichEndNotecouldnotidentifyafulltextPDF f ileoraURL.Theseare onlyfromthesetofreferencessearchedwith t heFindFullTextcommandduringthissessionoftheEndNotelibrary. FormoreinformationaboutFindFullText,seeFinding FullTextforaReferenceandHowtoFindandRetrieveFullText. Related Topics: About t heLibraryWindow Important PointsAboutLibraries TheDisplay M odes ThePDFViewerPanel TheReference L istPanel TheSearchPanel TheTabsPanel

The PDF Viewer Panel

SelectalayoutviewfromtheLayoutmenulocatedintheright-handcorneroftheLibrarywindow. SelectthePDFtabfromtheLibrarywindowortheReferencewindowtoopenthePDFViewerpanel t oreview andannotate attached P DFfiles. ToopenaPDFfile,selectareference,andthen:

l Right-click> F ileAttachments>OpenFile l Referencesmenu>FileAttachments >OpenFile l Double-clickthePDFfile

Attaching PDF Files

YoucanattachPDFfilesandviewtheminthePDFViewerpanelin v ariousways. l ClicktheAttachFiles(paperclip)icononanyPDFtabtoopenaselectfiledialog. l SelectafieldintheReferencewindow.FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments >AttachFiletoopenaselect filedialog. l SelectafieldintheReferencepanel.Right-clicktoopenacontextualmenu.SelectFileAttachments >AttachFiletoopena selectfiledialog. l SelectthePDFViewer p anel.PressCtrl+Alt+A toopenaselectfiledialog. ClicktheSavePDFicononthePDFViewertoolbartosaveyourwork.YoucanalsonavigatetoanotherreferenceandEndNote willpromptyoutosaveyourwork.

Navigating the PDF Viewer Panel

EndNoteallowsyoutoopenandannotatePDFfileswithinthe P DFViewerpanel.SelectareferencewithattachedPDFsfromthe referencelisttoviewaPDFfile. YoucanresizetheSticky Notetextboxto e nterandviewmoretextbygrabbingaresizehandleatanycornerofthetext b oxand draggingituntilyoureachthedesiredsize.

Using PDF Viewer Toolbar

AtoolbarappearswithinthePDFViewerpanelthatdisplays t hefollowingoptions.

MoveyourcursoroveranicononthetoolbartoseeAlttexttoexplainitsfunction.Forexample,Alt(hover)textforthefirstthree iconsdisplays: l OpenPDFFileintheReferenceWindow l SavePDF l PrintPDF Right-clickwithinanopenPDFfiletodisplayacontextualmenuthatincludesmanyofthese o ptionsplusotheroptions,suchas: l OpenwithAdobeAcrobat l OpeninReferenceWindow l E-mailAttachment l Remove(deletesthecurrentPDFfile)

l ShowNotes/Markup l HidesNotes/Markup

Using the Find Feature

TheFindfeatureallowsyoutosearchforwordsandphraseswithinaPDF d ocument.Enteryourtermsinthetextboxandpress Enter.UsetheNextandPreviousbuttonstofind t henext/previousinstanceofasearchterm. TheFindfeatureonlysearcheswithinthecurrentlyopenPDF.Youcannot u sethisfeaturetosearchthereferencefields inthe Referencepanel o rtosearchotherPDFfilesthatareattachedtothecurrentreference. TheFindfeaturehighlightsandreturnmatchesthatcontainthesearch q ueryfollowedbyanyothercharacters.Forexample: l Asearchonhospital findshospital ,hospitals ,hospitalization,andsoon. l Asearchonhospital care findsmatchesthatcontainthephrasehospital careonly. l Asearchonhospital care findsmatchesthatcontainthephrasehospital c are(thephrasemustcontainthequotation marks).

Adding Sticky Notes and Highlighting PDF Text

WithinthePDFViewer,youcanmakeannotations(stickynotes)and h ighlight s electedtextwithinaPDF.BothaStickyNoteand aHighlightTexticon a ppearinthe t oolbarinthePDFViewerpanel. Add a Comment 1. GotoasectioninthePDFwhereyouwanttoaddacomment. 2. Selectthetextwhereyouwanttoinsertacomment. 3. SelecttheStickyNoteiconfromthe t oolbar. 4. Double-clicktheStickyNoteiconthatappearsinthePDFfiletodisplayaStickyNotetextbox. 5. EnteryourcommentsintheStickyNotetextbox. 6. ClicktheSavePDFiconinthetoolbartosaveyourchanges. Note:Todeleteastickynote, right-clickwithin t hePDFViewer paneltoopenacontextualmenu,andthenselecttheDelete Annotation o ption. Highlight Text 1. GotothesectioninthePDFwhereyouwanttohighlighttext. 2. SelectthetextwithinthePDFthatyouwantto h ighlight. 3. SelecttheHighlightTexticon.Thecoloroftheselectedtextchangestoyellow. 4. ClicktheSavePDFiconinthetoolbartosaveyourchanges. Tohidestickynotesandhighlighted t ext,moveyourcursoroverthetext.Right-clickto displaythecontextualmenu.Selectthe HideNotes/Markupoptionfrom t hemenu. Notes:

l Stickynotecommentsaresearchableusingthe"AnyFieldandPDF"and"PDFNotes"optionsfromtheFieldlist. l Stickynotesarenotprintable.TheydonotappearwhenthePDFfileisprinted. l YoucannotmovestickynoteswithinaPDFfile.

The Reference List Panel

TheReferenceListpaneldisplaysallthereferencesinthecurrentlyselectedgroup.Alltheoptionsfromthetoolbarareavailable.

SeeToolbarsformoreinformationabouttheseoptions.

Display Fields
Bydefault,thefirstcolumnintheLibrarywindowdisplaysaRead/Unreadindicatorfollowedby: l FileAttachments l Author l Year l Title l Journal/SecondaryTitle l Rating l ReferenceType l URL l LastUpdated Changing the Order of the Fields or Adding / Removing Fields Youcanchangetheorderofthefields,addfields,removefields,orchangethenameofafieldinthecolumnheadingsofthe Librarywindow.SeeDisplayFieldsPreferences formoreinformation. 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. ClicktheDisplayFieldsoptioninthelist. 3. SelectthedesiredfieldfromtheFieldlist.You m ayselectuptoeightfieldstobedisplayedintheLibrarywindow. S elect "[Donotdisplay]"insteadofafieldname i fyouwanttoshowfewerthaneightfields. 4. Bydefault,thecolumnheadingintheLibrarywindow i sthesameastheGenericnameofthefield(theFigurefield i sindicatedbyfig. , andtheFileAttachmentsfieldisindicatedbyapaperclipicon). I fyouwouldliketochangethenameforthe Librarywindowdisplay, y oumaydosobyenteringanewnameintheHeadingsectionnextto t hechosenfield. 5. Ifyouwouldliketodisplayallauthornames under t heAuthorheadinginthelibraryreferencelist,ratherthanjust t hefirst author,selectthecheckboxnexttotheDisplayallauthors i ntheAuthorfield. 6. ClickOK t osavethechangesandclosethePreferencesdialog. Note: Thesesettings a pplytoalllibraries.

Reference List Sort Order

Bydefault,thereferenceslistedintheLibrarywindow areautomaticallysorted b ythefirstauthorslastname. Youcanchangethesortorderbyselecting S ortLibraryfromtheToolsmenu(seeSorting t heLibrary)orbyclickingthecolumn headings.Whenyousorta library,thatsortorderisretainedevenafteryoucloseandreopena l ibrary.Forexample: Whenyousortthelibrary,charactersortingiscarriedoutaccording t othelanguageandlocalsettingsofyouroperatingsystem unlessyouspecifyadifferent languageintheSortOptionsdialog.Thisdetermineswhether a plain"a"issortedbeforeorafter"". EndNotedoesnotrememberthesortorderforallgroups.EndNotedisplays t heresultsofasearchintheorderinwhichtheyare found.Similarly, a fterimportingreferences,EndNotedisplaysthenewlyimportedreferences i ntheorderinwhichtheywere imported.Thisbehaviorgreatlyenhances t hespeedofthesetwofunctions.SelectingtheChoosingShowAllReferencesoption fromthe R eferencesmenureturnsallofthereferences t otheLibrarywindowandliststhemaccordingtothelastsortorder s pecified. Note:SeeSort Order:BibliographiesandMultipleCitationsabouthowtosetthe s ortorderforabibliographicstyle. S eeSorting PreferencesforinformationabouthavingEndNoteignorecertain w ordsornameswhensortingreferences.

Navigating in the Reference List

Thereareanumberofwaystobrowsethroughyourreferences. l Scrollthroughthelistofreferencesinthe L ibrarywindowbyclickingintheverticalscrollbarwiththemouse. l UsetheUpandDownarrowkeystomoveupordownthereferencelist. l Sortreferencesinthelistbyclicking onacolumnheading.Forexample,clicktheYearheadingtosortthereferencesby descendingorascendingyear. l Typealettertoselectthefirstmatchingreference. T hematchingdependsontheorderinwhichthelibraryissorted. I fthe libraryissortedbytheAuthorfield,typingaletterselects t hefirstreferenceinwhichtheauthorslastnamebeginswith that letter. Forexample,typingtheletter"Z"selectstheZartmanreferenceinoursamplelibrarysinceZartmanisthefirstauthors nametobeginwitha"Z."Typeseverallettersandtheselectionjumpstothefirstnamethatbegins withthosetypedletters. Lettermatchingstartsoverafterahalf-secondpause. l The H omeandEndkeysgotothefirstorlastreferencerespectively.The PageUpandPageDownkeysallowyouto moveupordowntheReferencelist. l Tofindspecificreferences,selectSearchLibrary f romtheToolsmenu. (SeeSearching f orReferencesformoreinformation. Related Topics: The L ibraryWindow Important PointsAboutLibraries TheDisplay M odes ThePDFViewerPanel TheGroups Panel TheTabsPanel

The Search Panel

TheSearchpaneldisplaysatthetopoftheEndNotewindowregardlessofwhichlayoutoptionyouselectfromtheLayoutmenu locatedintheright-handcorneroftheLibrarywindow. TheShowSearchPanelandtheHideSearchPanelinthetopright-handcornerofthewindow allowsyoutoshoworhidethe Searchpanel. TobeginasearchofyourEndNotelibrary,selectthegroupofreferencesyouwanttosearchandthenselectSearchLibraryfrom theToolsmenu.YoucanalsoclicktheShowSearchPanelbuttontodisplaytheSearchpanelandtheHideSearchPaneltohide theSearchpanelfromview. Tobeginasearchofanonlinedatabase,clickonthedatabasenameintheGroupspanelunderOnlineSearchorgototheTools menuandselectOnlineSearch. Search Line AsearchlineincludesaLogicaloperator,the f ieldtobesearchedfromtheField l ist,theComparisonoperator,andablankfield thatyouenteryoursearch t erms.Usetheplusorminusbuttonstotherightofeachsearchline t oinsertordeletealine.

Boolean Operator List TheAND,OR,andNOToperatorsbetween t hesearchlinesindicateshowthesearchlinesaretobecombined.See C ombining SearchLineswithAND, O R,andNOTOperators Field List TheFieldlistallowsyoutorestrictyoursearchtoaparticularfieldsuch a sAuthor,Year,orKeywordsorAnyField.Bydefault, theFieldlists a resettosearchAuthor,thenYear,thenTitle. YoucanalsorestrictyoursearchtoPDFfilesattachedtoareferences b yselectingthePDFoptionfromthefieldlist.TheAny Field+ P DFoptionallowsyoutosearchanyfieldwithinareferenceandall P DFfilesintheselectedgroupthatyouaresearching. SeeRestrictingSearchesto S pecificFieldsformoreinformation. Comparison List Select a nitemfromtheComparisonlisttoindicatehowthesearchtermshould r elatetothefield(s)beingsearched.For e xample, youcanfindreferencesinwhich:

l TheJournalfieldbeginswiththeterm"science" l TheJournalfield c ontains"science"anywhereinthefield l ThefullJournal n ameis"science" SeeUsing C omparisonOperatorsformoreinformation. Search Fields Thesearchtermisthewordorphrasethatyouwanttolocateinareference.Enteryoursearchtermsinoneormoresearchfields. UsetheOptionsbutton t oinsertaTaborCarriageReturninasearchline. Asterisk ( * ) Wildcard Expandyourlibraryretrievalresultsbyaddingwildcardsbeforeandafter s earchterms.Theasteriskrepresentsanygroupofcharacters. l FieldsandPDFfilescanbesearchedusingthe a steriskwildcard. l Nominimumcharacterlengthisrequired. l Stopwordsdonotapplysothetermsometh* i naqueryfindsthetermsomething. Reminder:EndNote a utomaticallyappliesleft-andright-handtruncationtoyoursearchterms. H owever,youcanstillusethe asterisk(*)wildcardbeforeandafterasearchterm. Search Set List Usethesearchsetlistabovethesearchfieldstospecifythesetofreferencestosearchand howthesearchresultsshouldbe combinedwithotherreferences inthe L ibrarywindow.Bydefault,EndNotesearchesthegroupofreferencescurrently d isplayed andshowsonlytheresultsofthesearch. Match Case Bydefault,EndNoteignorescapitalizationwhensearchingfortextin alibrary.Forexample,asearchforthetext p aleontology alsofindsPaleontology. WhenyouselecttheMatchCaseoption,EndNotefindsrecordsinwhich t hesearchtermisspelledexactlyasyoutypeditina searchfield.Forexample,ifyouenterAIDS a ndyouselectMatchCase,EndNoteignoresthewords"aids"and"Aids"and f inds onlytheacronymAIDS" WhenyouselecttheMatchCaseoption,asearchforspecificdiacritical m arkssuchas,andwillmatchthoselettersexactly. Thus,asearch f orrsum willnotfind"resume." I fyouwanttofindallvariationsofaletter,deselecttheMatchCase o ption. Match Words WhenyouselecttheMatchWordsoption,EndNotefindsexactmatches o fthesearchtermratherthanpartial-wordmatches.For example,asearch f ortheterm statefindsreferences w iththeword"state"whileignoringwordslike"statehood" or"understated."

Save Search and Load Search IfyoufrequentlyusethesamesearchstrategiesontheSearchpanel, y oucanusetheOptionsbuttontosavethesesearchesand laterloadthem w henyouneedthem.SeeSaving S earchStrategies. Set Default and Restore Default Click t heOptionsbutton a ndselectSetDefaulttosavetheconfigurationof a lloftheitemsontheSearchpanelexceptforthe searchterms.Click t heOptionsbutton a ndselectRestoreDefaultatanytimetoreturnthetab t othatconfiguration.SeeSearch Command T ipsformoreinformation.

The Tabs Panel

TheTabspanelincludesthreetabs:Reference,Preview,and PDF. YoucanchangethelayoutoftheLibrarywindowbyclickingtheLayoutbuttoninthelowerright-handcorneroftheLibrarywindow to displayamenu.Therearesevendifferentlayoutsfromwhichtochoose.SeeTheLibraryWindowforadescriptionofthesixlayoutoptions. TochangetheheightoftheTabspanel,clickthebarthatseparates i tfromthereferencelist,anddragupordown.Whenthecursor i soverthisarea,itchangestoindicatethatyouareintherightplace t oresizethepanel.

The Reference Tab

SelecttheReferencetabfromtheEndNotewindowto e ditthecontentsofthehighlightedreferenceintheReferencepanel. MostfunctionalityisthesameasworkingintheReferencewindow.Enter t extinafieldbyclickingonthefield.Alleditcommands areavailable v iathemenusincludingcontext-sensitivemenus.Right-click (Windows)inthereferencetodisplaycommonoptions s uchasCut,Copy,andPaste. Openthecontext-sensitivemenutoviewthefollowingoptions. l Cut l Copy l Paste l PastewithTextStyles l Clear l SelectAll l GoTo... l OpenTermLists l SpellCheck l FileAttachments l FindFullText l FindReferenceUpdates

l URL l Figure Navigation Keys l TheTabkeyallowsyoutomovetothenext f ieldintheReferencepanelinordertoeditafield's c ontents. l TheShift+Tabkeys a llowyoutomovetothepreviousfieldwithintheReferencepanel. l TheF6 k eyallowsyoutonavigatefromtheGroupspanel(sidepanel),tothe R eferenceList,totheReferencepanel. Note: IftheReference w indowisopen,theReferencetabisinread-onlymode.Youcannoteditthefields.OnlytheCopyand SelectAlloptionsareavailablebyright-clicking inthepanel.Mostfeatures,however,withinthePDFViewer p anelarestillavailable,suchasNextPage,PreviousPage,ZoomIn,Zoom O ut,Copy,andPrint.

The Preview Tab

SelectthePreviewtab(orpressAlt+P)toviewtheformattedstyleoftheselectedreference. Thepreviewdisplaystheselectedreferenceinyourcurrentstyle.If multiplereferencesareselected,itdisplaysjustthelastone inthe s election.FieldswiththePreviewfeaturearenoteditable.Toeditthereference,openthereferenceintheReferencepanel ortheReferencewindow. Choosing the Current Style ThePreviewpanelusesthecurrentstyle.Toselectanother s tyle: l OntheMain t oolbar,usetheOutputStyleslisttoselectanew s tyle. l FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles a ndselectastyleinthelist.Thecheckmarknexttoastylename i ndicatesthat itisthecurrentstyle. EndNoteprovidesover4,500styles.TheyareavailablefromtheStyleManager.Go t otheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,and thenselectOpenStyleManager.Markthestyleorstyles thatyouwouldliketoseeintheOutput S tylesmenu.Youshouldnowbe abletoselectthestylethatyouneed f romtheOutputStylesmenu.(Formoreinformation,seeThe S tyleManager.) YoucanalsoaddstylestothemenususingtheSelectAnotherStyle o ptionfromthestylelistonthetoolbar.ChooseSelect AnotherStyle,selectthestyle,andclickChoose. Previewing Multiple References ThePreviewtabdisplaysapreviewforonlyonereferenceatatime f ormattedaccordingtothecurrentstyle.Topreviewmultiple references: 1. Select(highlight)thereferencesintheLibrary w indow. 2. FromtheEditmenu, s electCopyFormattedtocopytheformattedreferencestotheWindows C lipboard. 3. UsetheWindows C lipboardViewertoviewthecontentsofthe C lipboardorPastetheformattedreferencesintoaword processor document.

Using the Preview Feature to Display Notes or Abstracts YoumayfinditusefultoconfiguretheLibrarywindowsothatthereference l istdisplaysbibliographicdata(suchasauthor,year, title,andjournal) andthePreviewtabdisplaysnotesorabstracts.Thatwouldallow y outobrowsethroughthereferencesinthe Librarywindowwithouthaving t oopenindividualreferencestoseemoreaboutthem. Togetthepreviewtodisplaynotesortheabstract,youwill n eedtocreateacustomstyletoincludejustthosefields.SeePrinting OnlytheNotesformoreinformation. YoucanusetheShowAllFields styletodisplayallreferencefields onthePreviewtab.

The PDF Viewer Panel

SelectthePDFViewerPanel t oviewandannotateattached P DFfiles. EndNoteallowsyoutoopen,preview,andannotatePDFfileswithinthe P DFViewerpanel.Selectareferencefromthereference library,andthen s electalayoutfromtheLayoutmenutoviewaPDFfile. IfnoPDFfilesareattached t othereference,EndNotedisplaysamessage i nthePDFViewerpanel.Inthisinstance,youcan beginattaching P DFstothereferencebyclickingtheAttachFilebutton,andthen s electing A ttachFilefromthemenu. Related Topics: TheLibraryWindow Important PointsAboutLibraries ThePDFViewerPanel TheReference L istPanel

Creating Libraries
Creating a New Library
Althoughyoucancreateasmanylibrariesasyoulike,westronglyrecommend t hatyoukeepallofyourreferencestogetherinone mainEndNotelibrary. H avingallofthereferencesyouneedinoneplaceavoidsunnecessary c omplexitywhenyouarewriting papers,creatingbibliographies,ormoving f ilesbetweencomputers.Insteadofmakingdifferent"specialty" l ibraries,youwillfind itmoreusefultocreateonelibraryanduse G roups tohelpyouorganizeandcategorizeyourreferences.Youcanalso u setheKeywordandLabelfieldstoassigntermstoreferences,andeasily a ssignthemtoasmartgrouporfindthemwithEndNotesSearch andSort R eferencescommands. Tocreatealibrary: 1. FromtheFilemenu,selectNew. EndNotepresentsadialogpromptingyoutonameandsavethenewlibrary. 2. Enteranameforyournewlibrary.If y ouincludeanextension,usetheextension"ENLwhichstands forEndNote L ibrary." Ifyoudonotincludeanextension,EndNotewilladd".ENLautomatically. 3. Usingthe"Save i n"list,selectthelocationwhereyouwouldliketosave t helibrary. 4. ClickSaveandthenewlibraryappearsasanempty EndNotelibrary,"Showing0outof0references. Note:Ondisk, eachEndNotelibraryismadeupofbothan.ENLfileanda.DATAfolder.

Nowthatyouhavecreatedanewlibrary,youcanbeginenteringreferences intoit.Thefollowingtopicsillustratethedifferent waystoaddreferences t oanEndNotelibrary: l CreatingaNewReference d iscusseshowtoenterindividualreferencesmanually. l QuickOverview ofOnlineDatabaseSearchingdescribeshowtoconnectdirectly t oonlinedatabasesandretrievereferences fromthem. l GeneralImporting I nstructionsshowsyouhowtoimportreferencesthatyouhave previouslydownloadedfromonlinebibliographicdatabases. Ifyouhavejustcreatedalibrarythatwillbethemainlibrarythat y ouuse,youcansetittoopenautomaticallyeverytimeyoustart EndNote b ysettingittobeyour"favoritelibrary"(seeSettingaFavoriteLibrary). Related Topics: ClosingaLibrary Deletinga L ibrary Multiple P eopleOpeningOneLibrary S avingaCompressedCopyofaLibrary Saving a CopyofaLibrary Setting a FavoriteLibrary

Saving a Copy of a Library

EndNoteautomaticallysaveschangestoyourlibraryasyouworkwith i t,sothereisnoSaveorSaveAscommandforthelibrary. Youcan,however, u setheSaveaCopycommandtocreateanexactcopyofyourlibrary. Tocreateacopyofyourlibrary: 1. Withalibraryopen,selectSaveaCopyfromthe F ilemenu. 2. Namethenewlibraryandchoosewheretosaveit. 3. ClickSaveandEndNotecreatesacopyofthelibrary. Thenewlibrarydoesnotopen,itissimplysavedtodisk,whereyou c anthenopenitwithEndNote.EndNoteleavesyouroriginal libraryopen a sitwasbeforethecommandwaschosen. Note: T heSaveaCopycommandcreatesa[libraryname].ENLfileaswellasa[libraryname].DATAfolderforthenewlibrary, andcopies allnecessaryfilesandfigurestoit. Related Topics: ClosingaLibrary Creating a NewLibrary Deletinga L ibrary Multiple P eopleOpeningOneLibrary Saving a CompressedCopyofaLibrary Setting a FavoriteLibrary

Saving a Compressed Copy of a Library

YoucansaveanEndNotelibrary(thefilename.enlfile,its associated.DATAfolder,andallofitscontents)toasingle c ompressedfilecalledSample_Library_X6.enlxinordertobackupyour l ibraryorsendacopytoacolleague.Later,youcan restore the c ompressedlibrarywithEndNote. Creating a Compressed Library File 1. OpenthelibraryinEndNote. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectCompressedLibrary(.enlx)todisplayaCompressedLibrarydialog. 3. Usetheradiobuttonstodeterminetheseoptions: l SpecifywhetheryouwanttoCreateacompressedlibrary ortoCreate&Emailthelibrary. l Specifywhetheryouwanttosavefileattachmentswiththelibrary o rnot. l Specifywhetheryouwanttosaveallreferencestothecompressedlibrary, onlytheselected(highlighted)references,or onlythereferences inaspecificgrouporgroupset. l Click Nexttodisplay afiledialog. 4. Savethecompressedlibrary(defaultnameisSample_Library_X6.enlx)toafolderonyourharddrive.Youcanrenamethefile namebutyoucannotusethefollowingcharacters.
Invalid characters for naming a compressed library

\ / : * ? " < > |

(back s lash) (forward s lash) (colon) (asterisk) (question m ark) (quotation m ark) (less t han) (greater t han) (vertical b ar)

5. IfyouselectedtheCreate&Emailoption,EndNotewilllaunchyourdefaultemailsystem,create a newemail,andattach thecompressedlibraryfiletotheemail. Enteradditionalinformationtotheemail,suchasarecipient,subject, a ndmessage.ClicktheSendbutton. Restoring a Compressed Library File 1. UseEndNote(versionXorlater)toopenthefilename.enlxfile,whichwillextractthe . ENLfileandthe.DATAfoldertothe samefolderwherethe.enlxfileislocated. 2. UseEndNotetoopenthefilename.enl f ileasyounormallywouldtousethelibrary.

Setting a Favorite Library

EndNoteallowsyoutospecifythelibrariesthatyouwanttoopenautomatically w henEndNotestartsup.Wecallthesethe"favorite"libraries. Youdonotneedtoselectafavoritelibrary.Bydefault,EndNotewill o penthelastusedlibrary. Toassignorchangethefavoritelibrary: 1. Openthelibrary(orlibraries)thatyouwould l iketosetasyourfavorite.(Youmusthavealibraryopeninorder t osetitas yourfavoritelibrary.) 2. FromtheEdit m enu,selectPreferences,andthenselectLibraries. 3. Inthedrop-downlistatthetopofthewindow,select"Open t hespecifiedlibraries". 4. ClickAddOpenLibrariesandallofthecurrently openlibrarieswillbeaddedtothelistoffavoritelibrariesthat s houldopen everytimeEndNotestarts. 5. Click O K t osaveyourchangesandclosethePreferences dialog. Toremovealibraryfromthelistoffavoritelibraries: 1. FromtheEditmenu,select PreferencesandselectLibrariesfromthelistofoptions. 2. Selectthelibrarythatyouwouldliketoremove f romthelistoffavoritelibrariesandclickRemoveLibrary. 3. Click O K t osaveyourchangesandclosethePreferences dialog.

Opening, Closing, Moving, Deleting Libraries

Closing a Library
Toclosealibrary,dooneofthefollowing: l FromtheFilemenu,selectCloseLibrary. l TypeCtrl+WorCtrl+F4whentheLibrarywindow isactive. l ClicktheClosebuttoninthetopright c orneroftheLibrarywindow. l Type C trl+Shift+Wtocloseallopenlibraries. EndNoteautomaticallysavestheinformationinyourlibrarywhenyou c loseeachreference.Asaresult,closingthelibrarydoes notinvoke t hefamiliar"Savechanges?"question.Instead,theLibrary w indowsimplydisappears,asallchangeshavealready beensaved. ClosingalibrarydoesnotquittheEndNoteprogram.Ifyouwantto q uitfromEndNote, s electExitfromtheFilemenuandany open librariesaresavedandclosedautomatically.

Deleting a Library
YoucandeleteanEndNote l ibraryinoneoftwoways. OneoptionistoexitEndNote a nddeletethelibraryfileanditsassociated.DATAfolderbydragging t heiconstotheRecycleBin ontheWindowsdesktop. Todeletealibraryfromwithin E ndNote:

1. Close t helibrary,butkeepEndNoteopen. 2. From t heFilemenu,selectOpenandthenOpenLibrary. 3. Inthe f iledialog,highlightthelibraryname.enl f ile,right-clickyourmouse,andclickDelete. 4. Next, h ighlightthelibraryname.DATA f older,right-clickyourmouse,andclickDelete. 5. Click C anceltoclosethefiledialog.

Moving a Library
EachEndNotelibrarycanbeindependentlymovedusingtheWindowsExplorer. W henmovingalibrary,werecommendthatyou moveboththemain . ENLfileandthe.DATAfolder. Ifyoumovean.ENLfilewithoutmovingthecorresponding.DATAfolder, E ndNotewilltrytorecreatethe.DATAfoldertoaccompanythe.ENLfile t henexttimeyoutrytoopenthe.ENLfile.However,youmaylosedata, i ncludingPDFfileattachments,terms lists,andevenreferenceinformation. EndNotewilldisplayanAlertwhenyoutrytoopenthe.ENLfilewithout t hecorresponding.DATAfolderthatreads: Areyousureyouwouldliketo c ontinueopeningtheEndNotelibrarywithouttheassociated.Data f older? YouareattemptingtoopenanEndNoteLibrarywithoutitsassociated.DataFolder.Thisisnotrecommendedbecauseit may r esultinthelossofdataincluding,butnotlimitedto:reference i nformation,fileattachments,andtermlists. Inordertopreventthelossofdata y oushouldlocatetheoriginal.Datafolderandcopyittothe s amelocationastheEndNotelibraryyouareattemptingtoopen. The.Datafolderwascreatedinthesamedirectoryinwhichthe EndNotelibrary wasoriginallycreated. WerecommendthatyouclickCancelandgofindandmoveyouroriginal . DATAfolderbeforeattemptingtoopenamovedlibrary. See Also: Important PointsaboutLibraries

Multiple People Opening One Library

EndNotedoesnotperformrecordlockingfunctionsthatwouldallowmultiple u serstoeditonelibraryatthesametime.However, multipleuserscan a ccess oneEndNotelibrarysimultaneouslyaslongasthelibraryisrestricted t oread-onlyorlockedstatus. Thiswillallowtheusertoperformsearches, c opyinformationtotheirdocuments,andformattheirpapers.Use W indowsExplorer tochangethePropertiesofyourEndNotelibrary;select t heRead-Onlyattributeforthe.ENLfileandthe.DATAfolder. ThesimplestwaytosetupanEndNotelibraryforsharednetworkaccess i stousethenetworkssystemoffilepermissionsto controlthetype o faccess allowedforusersandgroups.Exceptforthepersonwhoposts t hedatabase,grantallusersread-only access. Onepersonshouldbeassignedtheresponsibilityformaintainingand u pdatingthelibraryataseparatelocation;thisusershould begranted f ullaccesstothefile.Then,periodicallyposttheupdatedlibraryon t henetworkforallotherusers,withread-only access.

Opening a Library
ToopenalibrarywhentheEndNoteprogramisalreadyrunning,select OpenfromFilemenuandselect O penLibrary . Ifyouhave previouslyopenedalibrary,EndNote w illlistthatlibrarynamebelowtheOpen L ibrarycommand; y oucansimply selectthelibrary nametoopenitdirectly,andskipthe d ialogshownbelow. WhenyouselecttheOpenLibrary c ommand,EndNotedisplaysafiledialog.

Bydefault,thisdialogdisplaysallfileswiththeextensionENL,ENLX,orLIB.Ifyourlibrarynamehasadifferentextension,you shouldchangetheFilesofTypeoptiontoAllfiles(*.*).Ifyourlibraryislistedinthedialog,selectitandclickOpen.If y ourlibrary isnotlistedthere,thenitisprobablysavedinadifferent p laceonyourharddriveorremovabledisk. Tolocatealibrary: 1. Click t he"Lookin"listandselecttheletterofthedriveon w hichyourlibraryisstored. 2. Selectthefolderthatcontainsyourlibraryand c lickOpen.Ifyourlibraryiswithinseveralfolders,continueto o peneach folderuntilyoulocatethelibrary. 3. Whenyouseeyourlibrary,selectitandthenclick O pen. Whenyouopenacompressedlibrary(withtheextension.ENLX),EndNoteuncompressedthefilesandopensthe u ncompressed version(withtheextension.ENL).

Recovering a Damaged Library

Occasionallycomputerfilesgetdamaged.IfanEndNotelibrarygets d amaged,youmaygetanerrormessagewhentryingtoopen itorworkwith t hereferences.Thebestwaytoprotectyourselffromdamagedfilesis t omakeregularbackupcopiesofyourimportantdocuments(seeBacking U pYourEndNoteFiles).Ifyoudonothaveabackupcopyofadamaged E ndNotelibrary,youcan usetheRecoverLibrarycommandtorepairthe damagedfile. TorepairadamagedEndNotelibrary: 1. Closethelibraryifitiscurrentlyopen. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectRecoverLibrary.Read t heinformationabouttheRecoverLibrarycommand,andclickOK. 3. Inthedialogthatappears,locateandselectthe librarythatneedstoberepaired,andclickOpen. 4. EndNotecreatesacopyofthelibrarywiththe s uffix"-Saved"addedtothename.Forexample,ifyouwere r epairinga librarycalled"References"theoriginallibrary w ouldremainuntouchedandanew,repairedlibrarycalled"References Saved"wouldbecreatedinthesamelocation. Oncethenewlibraryhasbeensaved,youshouldbeabletoopenitand u seitinplaceofthedamagedlibrary. Note:TheRecover L ibrarycommandalsocreatesanewDATAfolder.Ifyourenametherecovered l ibrarytotheoriginallibrary name,remembertoalsorenametheDATA f oldertomatch. Differences Between Saved Libraries & the Original ThepurposeoftheRecoverLibrarycommandistorecoverasmanyreferences f romtheoriginallibraryaspossible.Thismeans thatitmayalsorecover r eferencesthathadpreviouslybeendeletedfromthelibrary,butnot y etpurgedfromthefileitself.Ifthere aremorereferencesrecovered inthesavedlibrarythanexistedatthetimetheoriginallibrarywas d amaged,itmeansthatEndNotewasabletoreconstructreferencesthat hadrecentlybeendeleted.Thesereferencesmustbedeletedagain. Termlistsarenotrecoveredwiththelibrary.Consequently,youwill needtorebuildeachtermlistbyselectingDefineTermLists fromthe T oolsmenu,highlightingthelist,andthenclickingUpdateListtofill t hetermlistwiththetermsusedinyourlibrary. Imagescannotberepaired,butaresimply copiedfromtheoriginallibrarys D ATAfoldertothenewDATAfolder.

Merging Libraries
Copying References in Libraries
YoucanalsousetheCopyandPastecommandsintheEditmenutotransfer r eferences.Selectthereferencesthatyouwantto copyandselectCopy ( Ctrl+C)fromtheEditmenu.Openthe librarytowhichyouwanttoaddthereferencesandselectPaste (Ctrl+V).

Importing EndNote Libraries

TheadvantageofusingtheImportcommandtocombinelibrariesisits abilitytofilteroutduplicatereferencesduringtheimport operation. Note:Beforemerging libraries,itisagoodideatomakeabackupcopyofthelibraryinto w hichyouaretransferringreferences. ToimportanEndNotelibraryintoanEndNotelibrary: 1. (Optional)Ifyouwanttoimportonlyasubset o freferencesfromalibrary,firstopenthatlibraryandshowonly t hereferencesyouwishtocopy.Forexample,ifthelibrarysays, " Showing10outof200references,"EndNoteimportsonly 1 0 references.Ifthelibraryyouareimportingislockedorin"Read-Only" m ode,allreferencesareimportedregardlessofwhat iscurrently s howing. 2. Openthelibraryintowhichyouwanttoimport t hereferences. 3. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport. 4. Click t heChoose F ilebutton t olocateandopenthelibraryyouwant t oimport.SelectthefileandclickOK. 5. Fromthe I mportOptions l ist,selectEndNoteLibrary. 6. SelectanoptionfromtheDuplicateslist: l Import All: I mportsthereferences,includingduplicates. l Discard Duplicates: I mportsthereferences,exceptduplicates. l Import into Duplicates Library:Duplicatereferencesareimportedinto a librarycalledFile-Dupl.enl,where"File"isthe name ofthelibraryintowhichyouareimporting. Bydefault,areferenceisconsidered a duplicatewhentheAuthor,Year,Title,andReferenceTypematchareference a lreadyin thelibrary.SeeDuplicates P referencesifyouwouldliketochangetheduplicatescriteria. 7. SettheTextTranslationoptiontoNoTranslation. Extendedcharacters,savedasUnicodeinEndNote,willtransfercorrectly. 8. ClickImporttoimportthefile. Note:Thetime requiredtoimportanEndNotelibraryisproportionatetothesizeof t helibrary.Refertotheprogressindicatorto determinewhenEndNote h ascompletedthetask. Whentheimportiscomplete,onlynewlyimportedreferencesdisplay i ntheLibrarywindow.Thisisaperfecttimetoaddakeywordtoeach i mportedreferencewiththeChange F ieldcommand,ortoperusetheimporteddatatomakesureitimported a s expected.Makesuretocheckreferencesthatcontainextendedcharacters. Toreturnallofyourreferencestothelibrarydisplay(includingthe n ewlyimportedones),selectShowAllReferencesfromtheReferencesmenu.

Related Topics: Copying R eferencesinLibraries General I mportingInstructions MergingLibraries Using D ragandDrop

Merging Libraries
Therearethreewaystomergelibraries:import o nelibraryintoanother,copy r eferencesfromonelibrarytoanother,ordrag-anddrop. Anytimeyouaddreferencestoalibrary,thenewlyaddedreferences a reassignednewrecordnumbersintheorderthattheyare addedtothe l ibrary.Thismeansthatareferencethatwas#23inasmallerlibrary, c ouldbecome#600inalargerlibrary.Asa result,youcannotusethe l arger,mergedlibrarytoformatpapersthathavecitationswiththeolder r ecordnumbers. Note:Beforemerging libraries,itisagoodideatomakeabackupcopyofthelibraryinto w hichyouaretransferringreferences.

Using Drag and Drop

Tocopyspecificreferencesfromonelibrarytoanother,simplyselect t heminonelibrary(holddowntheCtrl()keytoselectnon- consecutivereferences;usetheShift k eytoselectarange),clickonanypartoftheselectionandusethe m ousetodragthe selectiontoanotherlibrary.Theselectedreferences a recopiedtothelibrarywheretheyweredropped.

Converting Reference Manager Libraries to EndNote

Converting a Reference Manager Database to EndNote
EndNotecaneasilyconvertReferenceManagerdatabasestoEndNotedatabases. T heoriginalReferenceManager database i s leftintactwhilereferencesarecopiedandconverted. Note:ThisfeatureisavailabletousersofReference M anager,versions11and12. Whileeveryefforthasbeen m adetomapReferenceManagerreferencetypestocorrespondingEndNotereferencetypes andReferenceManagerfields tocorrespondingEndNotefields,youmaywanttomake s omeadjustmentsbyusingtheFieldMappingtool duringtheconversionprocess.Alternatively,youcanmakechangestoreferencetypesinaReferenceManagerdatabasebefore convertingthedatabasetoEndNote. ToconvertaReferenceManagerdatabase t oanEndNotelibrary: 1. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpen>OpenLibrary t odisplayaSelectaReferenceLibrarydialog. 2. Atthebottomofthedialog,selectReferenceManagerDatabases ( *.RMD)fromthe"Files o ftype"menu. 3. Usethefiledialogtonavigatetothefolderthat c ontainstheReferenceManagerdatabasethatyouwanttoconverttoEndNote.Highlightthedatabasename,andthenclick t heOpenbutton. A"ConvertReferenceManagerDatabase"dialogwillappear t hatletsyouknowthatthedatabasemustbeconvertedfor use. 4. Youcaneither:

l ClickConverttoproceedwiththeconversion.ThisoptionallowsEndNotetoautomaticallyconvertReferenceManagerreferencetypesandfieldstoEndNote.ItalsoleavesallfileattachmentsstoredinReferenceManagerreferencesintheiroriginallocation. l ClickCustomizeifyouwanttomodifythemapping ofindividualReferenceManagerreferencetypestoEndNotereference typesand R eferenceManagerfieldstoEndNotefields.Thisoptionisusefulifyouhave c reatedcustomizedreference typesinReferenceManager. Use t hetoppanelofthedialogtomapeachreferencetypetoacorresponding E ndNotereferencetype.Whenyouhighlight asettinginthetoppanel o fthedialog,youcanchangethefieldmappingforthatreference t ypeinthebottompanelofthe dialog.ClickOKtosavechangesto t hemapping.SeeMappingReferenceManager R eferenceTypesandFields toEndNoteforalistofreferencetypes. ClicktheResettoDefaultMapbuttonifyouwanttodiscardyourchangesandreturntothedefaultmappingset. ClickOKtosaveyourchangeswhenyouarefinishedusingtheField M appingtool. 5. ClicktheConvertbuttonifyoudonothaveanyadditionalchanges t omake. 6. On t he"SaveConvertedLibraryas" d ialog,givethenewEndNotelibraryaname(thedefaultfilenameisthesame a sthe oldReferenceManagerfilename). Aftertheconversioncompletes,EndNotedisplaysa"ConvertReference ManagerDatabase"dialog.ClickYesifyouwanttoconvertyourfile attachmentstorelativelinks.ClickNotoretainyourfile attachmentsasabsolutelinks. Note:EachEndNotelibraryismadeupofboth an.ENLfileanda.DATAfolder.Eachlibrarycanbe i ndependentlymoved,copied,renamedordeletedaftertheconversionprocess u singthe W indows Explorer.Alwaysmove, c opy,renameordeleteboth themain.ENLfileandthe.DATAfolder; otherwise,youcanlosereferencedata. Note:TheCancelbuttonallowsyouto c anceltheentireconversionprocess.TheReference Managerdatabaseisnotconverted andcannotbeopenedin E ndNote.

Converting Reference Manager File Attachments to EndNote

DuringtheconversionofyourReferenceManagerdatabase,EndNotelooksforeachreferencesfileattachmentsintheabsolute pathsprovidedbyReferenceManager. IfEndNotefindsthefileintheabsolutepathprovided,thentheattachmentissuccessfullyaddedtothereferenceinEndNote. IfEndNote c annotfindthefileintheabsolutepathprovided,thenyouwillbepromptedtobrowsefortheattachment. 1. FromtheAttachmentNotFounddialog, c licktheChooseFilebutton. 2. Navigatetothefolderonyourharddrive w hereyouhavestoredyourattachments andselectthespecificfile. 3. ClickOKtoproceedwiththeconversion.NotethattheOKbuttonisinactiveuntilyou s electafileorfigureattachment. Aftertheconversioncompletes,EndNotedisplaysa"ConvertReferenceManagerDatabase"dialog.ClickYesifyouwanttoconvertyourfileattachments t orelativelinks.ClickNotoretainyourfile attachmentsasabsolutelinks. Note:Youcannoteditthefilepaththatappearsin t heFileLocationfieldontheAttachmentNotFounddialog.

WARNING:Ifyouareunabletofindthefileattachment,thenclicktheSkiporSkipAllbutton.ThiswillclosetheAttachmentNot FounddialogandthefilepathwillbeusedtocreateaFileAttachmentinEndNoteeventhoughthefileisnotlocatedatthepath provided.

Converting Absolute Links to Relative Links

Aftertheconversioncompletes,thenewlibraryopensinEndNote. A lldocumentandfigurefilesappearintheFileAttachments field w ithinanEndNotereference.Moveyourcursoroveraparticularfile t odisplaysatooltipthatshowsthefullpath(absolute path)ofthe f ilelocation. InEndNote,youcaneasily changeanabsolutepathtoarelativepath f oreachreferencewithinalibrarylist. 1. Select(highlight)eachreferencecontaining f ileattachments. Youcaneasilysortallrecordswithfileattachments b yclickingthepaperclipthatappearsinthePaperClip c olumnofthe Librarywindow. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments>Convert toRelativeLinks. 3. ClickOKwhenthemessageappears. Thefolderpathforallattachmentsarequicklyconvertedtorelative linksinwhichonlythefilenamedisplayswhenyouhoveryour cursoroverthefile. SeeSelectinga R elativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments formoreinformation a boutabsolutepathversusrelative path.

Converting Reference Manager File Attachments to EndNote

DuringtheconversionofyourReferenceManagerdatabase,EndNotelooksforeachreferencesfileattachmentsintheabsolute pathsprovidedbyReferenceManager. IfEndNotefindsthefileintheabsolutepathprovided,thentheattachmentissuccessfullyaddedtothereferenceinEndNote. IfEndNote c annotfindthefileintheabsolutepathprovided,thenyouwillbepromptedtobrowsefortheattachment. 1. FromtheAttachmentNotFounddialog, c licktheChooseFilebutton. 2. Navigatetothefolderonyourharddrive w hereyouhavestoredyourattachments andselectthespecificfile. 3. ClickOKtoproceedwiththeconversion.NotethattheOKbuttonisinactiveuntilyou s electafileorfigureattachment. Aftertheconversioncompletes,EndNotedisplaysa"ConvertReferenceManagerDatabase"dialog.ClickYesifyouwanttoconvertyourfileattachments t orelativelinks.ClickNotoretainyourfile attachmentsasabsolutelinks. Note:Youcannoteditthefilepaththatappearsin t heFileLocationfieldontheAttachmentNotFounddialog. WARNING:Ifyouareunabletofindthefileattachment,thenclicktheSkiporSkipAllbutton.ThiswillclosetheAttachmentNot FounddialogandthefilepathwillbeusedtocreateaFileAttachmentinEndNoteeventhoughthefileisnotlocatedatthepath provided. Related Topics
ConvertReferenceManager DatabasetoEndNote MappingReferenceManager ReferenceTypesandFieldstoEndNote SelectingaRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments

Mapping Reference Manager Reference Types and Fields to EndNote

WhenyouuseEndNotetoconvertaReferenceManagerdatabase, R eferenceManagerreferencetypesaremappedtoEndNote reference t ypesasshowninthetablebelow.Youcanoverridethesedefaultsettingswhenyouconvert t heReferenceManager database.Fromthetoppanel,selectanEndNotereferencetypefromtheEndNotelist.

Reference Type Mapping Table

ThetablebelowliststheReferenceManagerandthecorrespondingEndNotereferencetypes.Thesearethedefaultvaluesfor bothdatabases. Reference Type Mapping Table
Reference Manager Reference Types Generic Abstract ArtWork AudiovisualMaterial Bill/Resolution BookChapter Book,Whole Case Catalog ComputerProgram ConferenceProceeding DataFile EditedBook ElectronicCitation Grant Hearing InPress InternetCommunication Journal(Full) Journal MagazineArticle Map MotionPicture MusicScore Newspaper OnlineSource Pamphlet Patent PersonalCommunication Report Serial(Book,Monograph) Slide SoundRecording Statute Thesis/Dissertation UnenactedBill/Resolution UnpublishedWork VideoRecording EndNote Reference Types Generic JournalArticles Artwork Audiovisual M aterial Bill Book S ection Book Case Catalog Computer P rogram Conference P roceedings Dataset EditedBook Electronic A rticle Grant Hearing Journal A rticle PersonalCommunication Journal A rticle Journal A rticle Magazine A rticle Map Film o r Broadcast Music Newspaper A rticle WebPage Pamphlet Patent PersonalCommunication Report Serial Audiovisual M aterial AudiovisualMaterial Statute Thesis Bill Unpublished W ork Filmor Broadcast

Note:SeealsoListofReferenceTypesforacompletelistofEndNotereferencetypes.

Field Mapping Table

Asmuchaspossible,ReferenceManager f ields aremappedtocorrespondingEndNotefields.Youcanoverridethesedefaultsettingswhenyouconvert t heReferenceManagerdatabase.Fromthebottompanel,selectanEndNotefieldfromtheEndNotelist. Insomeinstances,thelistof R eferenceManagerfields foraselectedreferencetypemaycontain"dashes"thataremappedto theNotesfieldintheEndNotefieldscolumn.ThisoccursduringtheconversionwhenaReferenceManagerfielddoesnotexistin theincomingreferencetype,andthus,appearsasadashedlineintheReferenceManagerFields panel. Thesearethedefaultvaluesforbothdatabases. Field Mapping Table
Reference Manager Fields Title,primary Authors,primary Datesprimary Notes Keywords Reprint StartSection EndSection Periodical ------- -Title/CodeNum ------- --------- --------- --Code ------- --UserDef1 UserDef2 UserDef3 UserDef4 UserDef5 History ------- --Abstract ISSN/ISBN Availability Date ------- -----------UNIQUEID(DOI) Address Web/URL FileAttachments LinktoFull-text RelatedLinks Image(s) EndNote Fields Title Author Date Notes Keywords Notes Section Section SecondaryTitle Notes Volume Notes Notes Notes SecondaryTitle Notes Notes Notes Notes Notes Notes OriginalPublication Notes Abstract Notes DatabaseProvider AccessDate Notes Notes DOI AuthorAddress URL FileAttachments URL URL Figure

Special Field Mapping Conditions

WhiletheEndNoteconversiontoolallowsyoutomakechangestomostofthereferencetypesandfieldmappings,thereare somespecialmappingsthatyoucannotmodify.Theyinclude: l TheREFIDfieldinReferenceManageralwaysmapstotheLabelfieldinEndNote. l TheEndPagefieldinReferenceManagermapstothePagesorSectionfieldinEndNotedependingonthereferencetype. Note: Ifthereceivingfieldalreadycontains data,thenEndNoteappendstheEndPagedatawithapreceding d ash characterinordertocreateranges. F orexample:123-128 l AnyReferenceManagerfieldthatmapstotheDatefieldinEndNote: o Forallreferencetypes ( exceptConference P roceeding,ElectronicCitation,Grant,andPatent),yeardatais copiedtotheYear f ieldinEndNote. l IntheConferenceProceedingreferencetype,whentheReferenceManagerPubDate[Date,Primary]fieldismappedtothe YearPublished[Custom2]fieldinEndNote,anyyearinformationiscopiedtotheYearPublished[Custom2]fieldinEndNote andthecompletefieldinformationiscopiedtoNotes. l IntheElectronic C itationreferencetype,whentheReferenceManagerLastUpdated[Date,Primary]fieldismappedtothe E-PubDate[Section]fieldinEndNote,anyyearinformationiscopiedtotheYearfieldinEndNote. l IntheGrantreferencetype,whenReferenceManagerPubDate[Date,Primary]fieldismappedtotheYearfieldinEndNote, anyyearinformationiscopiedtoYearandthecompletefieldinformationiscopiedtoNotes. l IntheOnlineSourcereferencetype,whenReferenceManagerAccessDate[DateSecondary]fieldismappedtothe AccessDate[Number]fieldinEndNote,anyyearinformationiscopiedtotheAccessYear[Volume]fieldinEndNote. l InthePatentreferencetype,whenReferenceManagerDateIssued[Date,Primary]fieldismappedtotheIssueDate[Custom 2]fieldinEndNote,anyyearinformationiscopiedtotheYearfieldinEndNote. l FortheJournalreferencesinReferenceManager: o IftheConferenceTitle[Title,secondary]inReferenceManagercontainsdata,thereferencewillnotconvert usingtypicalJournalfieldmappings.EndNotemapsasappropriateforaConferencePaper. l ForThesis/DissertationreferencesinReferenceManager: o IfthePeriodicalfieldinReferenceManagercontainsdata,thereferencewillnotconvertusingtypicalThesis/Dissertationreferencetypemappings.EndNotewillusemappingssimilartothoseforaJournal. Related Topics:
ConvertReferenceManager DatabasetoEndNote ListofReference T ypes

Importing a Reference Manager Library to EndNote

TouseaReferenceManagerdatabasewithEndNote,youmustfirstexport t hereferencestoatextfileandthenimportfromthe textfileinto anEndNotelibrary. Note:UsethismethodofimportingReference Managerdatabases(version10andunder)toEndNote.

Note:ToconvertReferenceManager d atabases(versions11and12)toEndNote, s eeConvertingaReferenceManagerDatabasetoEndNote. ToconvertaReferenceManagerdatabasetoanEndNotelibrary: 1. ExportyourReferenceManagerreferences toatext f ile: 2. OpenReferenceManagerandthedatabaseyouwant t oconvert. 3. FromtheFilemenu,selectExport. 4. SelecttheRISexportformat,andthenselectAll R eferences. 5. Exporttoatextfile. 6. StartEndNoteandopenorcreatethelibraryto c ontaintheimportedreferences. 7. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport. 8. ClickChooseFile,andthenselectthetextfile y oucreated. 9. NexttoImportOption,selecttheRefMan(RIS) i mportfilter. 10. ClickImport.

Sharing and Converting Libraries to EndNote

Creating a Library from ProCite
EndNotecaneasilyconvert P roCitedatabasestoEndNotelibraries.TheoriginalProCitedatabase i sleftintact;referencesare copiedandconverted. Whileeveryefforthasbeen m adetomapProCiteworkformstocorrespondingEndNotereferencetypes, andProCitefieldstocorrespondingEndNotefields,youmaywishtomake s omeadjustments.TherearesomeProCitefields,suchasConnectivePhrase a ndAuthorRole,thatdonothaveanequivalentEndNotefield;textfrom t hesefieldswilltransferintotheNotesfield.Asyougo throughthe c onversionprocess,youaregiventheoptiontoCustomizetheworkform a ndfieldmapping. Note: C ustomProCiteworkformsdonotconverttospecificEndNotereference t ypes,andaredisplayedasaGenericEndNote reference.Youshouldeither g loballychangetheworkformassignmentinProCitebeforeconversion, o r,duringconversion,click theCustomizebuttontomapcustomworkforms t oEndNotereferencetypes. ToconvertaProCitedatabase t oanEndNotelibrary: 1. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpen>OpenLibrary t odisplayafiledialog. 2. Atthebottomofthedialog,nextto"Files o ftype,"usethedrop-downlisttoselect"ProCitedatabase (*pdt). 3. Usethefiledialogtonavigatetothefolderthat c ontainstheProCitedatabase,highlightthedatabasename,andclick Open. Amessagewillletyouknowthatthedatabasemustbeconvertedforuse. 4. Youcaneither: l ClickConverttoproceedwiththeconversion, or l ClickCustomizeifyouwishtomodifythemapping ofProCiteworkformstoEndNotereferencetypesandProCitefields t o

EndNotefields. Usethetophalfofthedialogtomapeachworkformtoacorresponding E ndNotereferencetype.Whenyouhighlightasettinginthetophalf o fthedialog,youcanchangethefieldmappingforthatreference t ypeinthebottomhalfofthedialog. ClickOKtosavechangesto t hemapping. 5. Onthe"SaveConvertedLibraryas"file dialog,givethenewEndNotelibraryaname(thedefaultisthesame a stheoldProCitename),selectafolder,andclickSave. EndNotewillconvertthelibrary.Whentheconversioniscomplete,thelibrarywillopeninEndNote. TouseaProCitedatabasewithEndNote,youmustfirstexportthereferencestoatextfileandthenimportfromthetextfileinto anEndNotelibrary. ToconvertaProCitedatabasetoanEndNotelibrary: 1. ExportyourProCitereferencestoatextfile. 2. OpenProCiteandthedatabaseyouwanttoconvert. 3. FromtheFilemenu,selectPrintBibliography. 4. Selecttheoutputstyle"RIS-EndNote.pos"(youcandownloadthis o utputstylefromthesupportareaoftheProCiteWeb siteathttp://www.procite.com). 5. OnthePrintBibliographywindow,clickConfigureandgotothe"Fields"tab. 6. IntheFieldswindow checkalloptionalfields. 7. ClickOK,andthenSavetosaveasatextfile. 8. StartEndNoteandopenorcreatethelibrarytocontaintheimportedreferences. 9. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport. 10. ClickChooseFileandselectthetextfileyoucreated. 11. NexttoImportOption,selecttheProCite(RIS)importfilter. 12. ClickImport.

ProCite Workforms to EndNote Reference Types

WhenyouuseEndNotetoopenaProCitedatabase,ProCiteworkformsare mappedtoEndNotereferencetypesasshowninthe tablebelow. Bydefault,fieldsaretransferredasfollows: l Asmuchaspossible,ProCitefieldsaremapped t ocorrespondingEndNotefields. l TheProCitefieldsAuthorAffiliationandAddress/Availability b othtransferintothesamefieldinEndNote:AuthorAddress. l TheProCiteDatefieldistransferredintotwo f ieldsinEndNote:DateandYear. l TheProCitefieldsISSNandISBNbothtransfer i ntothesamefieldinEndNote:ISBN/ISSN. l ProCitefieldsthatdonothaveacorresponding f ieldinEndNote,suchasConnectivePhraseandAuthorRole,aretransferred i ntotheNotesfield.

Keepinmindthatyoucanoverridethesedefaultsettingswhenyouopen t heProCitedatabase,andbeforethetransferbegins. Youcancustomize t hemappingofworkformstoreferencetypes,andyoucancustomizethe f ieldmappingforeachworkform. Note:CustomProCite w orkformsdonotconverttospecificEndNotereferencetypes,andare d isplayedasaGenericEndNote reference.Youshouldeithergloballychange t heworkformassignmentinProCitebeforeconversion,or,duringconversion, c lick theCustomizebuttontomapcustomworkformstoEndNotereference t ypes. Workform to Reference Type Mapping
ProCite Workform Abstract ArtWork AudiovisualMaterial Bill-Resolution BookChapter BookLongForm BookShortForm BookWhole Case ComputerProgram ConferenceProceedings DataFile Dissertation ElectronicCitation Email Generic Hearing InPress JournalArticle JournalLongForm JournalShortForm JournalWhole Letter MagazineArticle Manuscript Map Monograph MotionPicture MusicScore Newspaper Patent Report SoundRecording Statute TradeCatalog UnenactedBill-Resolution UnpublishedWork VideoRecording WebPage EndNote Reference Type Journal A rticle Artwork Audiovisual M aterial Bill Book S ection Book Edited Book Edited Book Case Computer P rogram Conference P roceedings Unpublished W ork Thesis Electronic J ournal Personal C ommunication Generic Hearing Journal A rticle Journal A rticle Journal A rticle Journal A rticle Journal A rticle Personal C ommunication Magazine A rticle Manuscript Map Edited Book Film o r Broadcast Generic Newspaper A rticle Patent Report Audiovisual M aterial Statute Book Bill Unpublished W ork Film o r Broadcast Web P age

Compatibility between EndNote 8, 9, X, X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5

EndNoteX,X1,X2,X3,X4,andX5arefullycompatiblewithX6.Youcan s hareyourlibrariesbetweentheseversionswithnoconversion.Newfeatures i nEndNoteX6aresimply ignoredbytheearlierversions. EndNoteX6canopenanduseEndNote8andEndNote9librarieswithno c onversion.Technically,EndNote8andEndNote9can openlibrariescreated w ithEndNoteX6,butwedonotrecommendit;yourisklossofdata.Once y ouhaveopenedandusedan EndNote8or9librarywithEndNoteX6,you s houldonlyusethelibrarywithEndNoteXorlater. Because EndNote X6 does include enhancements, please note that: l The D ATAfolderisacriticalpartofyourlibrary.Wheneveryoucopy ormovealibrary,includenotonlythefilename.enl f ile, butalsoitsassociatedDATAfolderandallofitscontents. Note:Ifyouwant t obackupyourlibrary,orshareitwithanotherEndNoteXorlateruser, t hereisaneasywaytocompressyour EndNoteX6libraryandincludeall o ftheassociatedfilesandfolders.SeeSaving a CompressedCopyofaLibrary. l EndNote X 2includednewreferencetypes.IfanearlierversionofEndNote d oesnotrecognizethereferencetype,itwilldisplayandprintthe G enericreferencetypeforthosereferencesenteredintothenewreference t ypes. l In o rdertoallowcross-versionandcross-platformcompatibilityofattached f iles,youwillneedtoreplacethecharactersbelow ifthey a reusedinthefilenamesofexistingattachedfilesandgraphicsand t henreinsertthefiles.Oneoptionistoreplace thesecharacters w ithanunderscore.
Replace these characters in attached filenames

\ (back s lash) / (forward s lash) : (colon) * (asterisk) ? (question mark) " (quotation m ark) < (less t han) > (greater t han) | (vertical bar) Replacement Characters Table l EndNote X 1includedanewgroupingfeature,andEndNoteX2addedsmartgroups. I fyouopenanEndNoteX6librarywithan earlierversionofEndNote, y oucannotviewgroups.However,groupsarerememberedwhenyouopen t helibraryagainwith EndNoteX6. Related Topics: Opening a ndConvertingOldEndNoteLibraries Recovering a DamagedLibrary Transferring L ibrariesAcrossPlatforms

Converting a Library for ProCite, Reference Manager, or an Earlier Version of EndNote

ConvertinganEndNoteX6 l ibraryforusewithEndNoteversions5-7,forReferenceManager,orfor P roCiterequiresexportingthe referencesfromyourEndNotelibraryto a textfile,andthenimportingfromthetextfileintotheotherprogram.

Ifyourreferencescontaindiacritics,youmustdothiscarefullyso t hatyourdiacriticstransfercorrectly.BecauseEndNoteX6is Unicodecompliant,itexports t extasUTF-8Unicode,andnotastraditionalANSItext.ReferenceManager, P roCite,andearlier versionsofEndNotearenotUnicodecompatible,so t heyneedthedocumentconvertedtoANSItext.Ifyouattempttoimport r eferencesthathavenotbeensavedasANSItext,diacriticswillappear s crambledinthenewdatabaseorlibraryformat. Note:EndNoteX6allowstheuseofExtendedLatin anddouble-bytecharactersets,whicharenotsupportedbyEndNoteversions e arlierthanversion8.ExtendedLatinanddouble-bytecharacterswill n ottransfertoearlierversionfileformats. ToconvertyourEndNoteX6 l ibraryforotherapplications: 1. InEndNoteX6,gotothedrop-downoutputstylelistonthetoolbar, a ndchooseSelectAnotherStyle.Highlightandselect theappropriate o utputstyle: l For EndNote 5, 6, or 7:SelecttheReferstyle. l For Reference Manager or ProCite:SelecttheRefMan(RIS)style. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectExporttoexport y ourlibrarytoaplaintextfile. 3. UseMicrosoftWordtoopenthetextfile y ouexportedfromEndNote. 4. WhenWordasksyoutoselectanencoding option,selectOtherEncodingandUnicode(UTF-8). 5. InWord,selectFile>SaveAsand s avethedocumentwithanewname,asplaintext,andwithWindows-default asthe encodingoption. 6. Toimportthesavedfile: l With EndNote: U setheRefer/BibIXimportfilter. l With Reference Manager or ProCite:UsetheRISimportfilter.

Opening and Converting Old EndNote Libraries

EndNote 8, 9, X, X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 Libraries EndNoteX6caneasily openanduselibrariescreatedwithEndNote8, 9 ,X,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5andX6.Noconversionisnecessary.EndNoteX,X1,X2, X 3,andX4arefullycompatible;youcanregularlyshareyourlibraries b etweentheseversions EndNote Libraries Prior to Version 8 EndNoteX6canautomaticallyconvertlibrariescreatedwithearlier v ersionsofEndNote(versions5,6,or7)tothelatestfileformat.In m ostcases,thesameprocesswillworkforlibrariescreatedinEndNote 4andearlier. ToopenorconvertanolderEndNotelibrary: 1. StartEndNote. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpen a ndthenOpen L ibrary. 3. Onthefiledialog,locateandhighlight t heoldlibrary,andclickOpenLibrary. EndNotewillwarnthattheselectedlibrarywascreatedwithanolder v ersion,andwillaskforpermissiontoconvertit. 4. ClickOKtoconvertthelibrary.Namethenewlibrary a ndclickSave.

Note:Thetime requiredtoimportanEndNotelibraryisproportionatetothesizeof t helibrary.Refertotheprogressindicatorto determinewhenEndNote h ascompletedthetask. TheconversionmakesacopyoftheoriginallibraryinthelatestX6fileformat,andleavestheoriginal l ibraryintact. Note:Youmust useEndNoteX,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5toaccesstheconverted l ibrary.

Transferring Across Platforms

From Macintosh to Windows
AnylibrarycreatedorupdatedbyEndNoteX6 o naMacintoshcanbeusedbyEndNoteX,X1,X2,X3,orX4forWindows. N oconversionisnecessary,howeveryoushouldmakesurethenameofthe l ibraryincludesthe".ENLextension ( forexample,Medicine.enl)andincludetheassociated.DATAfolder. 1. Ifyouareonanetwork,simply copythefilefrom t heMacintoshtothePC.Otherwise,useafiletransferutilityto m ovethe libraryfromtheMacintoshtoaremovablestoragediskand t hentothePC.MakesureyoualsocopytheDATAfolderfound inthe s amefolderasthelibrary. Note: I fyouplantosendanEndNoteX6 l ibrarytoanotherEndNoteXorlateruser,thereisaneasywaytocompress a ll ofyourlibraryfilesandfoldersintoasinglefile.SeeSaving aCompressedCopyofaLibrary. 2. StarttheEndNoteprograminWindows.(Ifyousee adialogpromptingyouforareferencelibraryfile,selectCancel. 3. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpen,andthenselect O penLibrary.Usethe"Lookin"listtonavigatetothe locationofthe libraryyouwanttoopen. Ifyourlibrarydoesnothavetheextension".ENLor*.LIBitwillnotappearinthedialog.If t hatisthecase,selectAllFiles *.*fromthefiletypelistat t hebottomofthedialog,andyoushouldbeabletoseeyourlibrary. 4. SelectyourlibraryandclickOpen. Related Topics: FromWindows t oMacintosh Multiple P eopleOpeningOneLibrary Transferring L ibrariesAcrossPlatforms

From Windows to Macintosh

AnylibrarycreatedorupdatedwithEndNoteX6 f orWindowscanbeusedbyEndNoteX,X1,X2,X3,orX4forthe M acintosh.No conversionisnecessary,howeveryoumustmakesurethe n ameofthelibraryincludesthe.enlextension ( forexample,Medicine.enl)andincludetheassociated.DATAfolder. 1. Ifyouareonanetwork,simply copythelibrary f romthePCtotheMacintosh.Otherwise,useWindowsExplorertocopy thelibrarytoaremovablestoragedisk.UseyourMacintoshtocopy t helibraryfromtheremovablestoragedisktotheMacintosh.Make s ureyoualsocopytheDATAfolderfoundinthesamefolderasthe library. Note: I fyouplantosendanEndNoteX6 l ibrarytoanotherEndNoteXorlateruser,thereisaneasywaytocompress a ll ofyourlibraryfilesandfoldersintoasinglefile.SeeSaving aCompressedCopyofaLibrary. 2. StarttheEndNoteprogramontheMacintosh.If y ouseeadialogpromptingyouforareferencelibraryfile,select C ancel. 3. FromtheFilemenu,selectOpenLibrary.Navigate t othelocationofthelibraryyouwanttoopen.

Aslongasthelibraryhasthe".ENL"extension,EndNote c andisplayit.Ifthelibrarydoesnothavethe".ENLextensionas partofthefilename,EndNote w illnotrecognizeit. 4. SelectthelibraryandclickOpen. OncethelibraryhasbeenopenedinEndNoteonaMacintosh,itmaintains t heEndNoteMacintoshiconandcanbeopenedjust likeanyotherlibrary c reatedbyEndNoteontheMacintosh. Related Topics: l FromMacintoshtoWindows l MultiplePeopleOpening OneLibrary l TransferringLibraries AcrossPlatforms

Transferring Libraries Across Platforms

EndNoteX6canreadlibraries c reatedinversions5orlaterofEndNoteforWindowsorMacintosh. IfyouplantosendoremailanEndNotelibrarytosomeone,remember t osendallofthefilesfoundinyourlibrarys.DATAfolder. Foran e asywaytocompressallofyourlibraryfilesandfoldersintoasingle f ile,seeSavingaCompressed C opyofaLibrary.You canthensendthesingle,compressedfileto t heotheruser,andtheycanrestorethefilename.enl f ileanditsassociated.DATA folder. Related Topics: Compatibility b etweenEndNote8,9,andX FromMacintosh t oWindows FromWindows t oMacintosh Multiple P eopleOpeningOneLibrary Opening a ndConvertingOldEndNoteLibraries Converting a LibraryforProCite,ReferenceManager,oranEarlierVersionofEndNote

Entering and Editing References

Introduction
Important Points About References
Therearevariouswaystoaddreferences t oanEndNotelibrary.Thistopic,andthefollowingtopics,discusshow t otypeinformationintoEndNote,editEndNotereferences,andinsert g raphicsandfiles. SeeQuickOverview o fOnlineSearchingforinformationaboutconnectingtoonlinebibliographic d atabasesandretrievingreferencesdirectlyintoEndNote.GeneralImporting I nstructionsdescribeshowtoimportreferencesfromavarietyof s ourcesusing EndNotesImportcommand. Here is an overview of important aspects of EndNote references: l Each EndNotereferencestorestheinformationrequiredtociteitina b ibliography.Keywords,notes,abstracts,URLsand otherinformation c anbestoredinareferenceaswell. l Each referenceaddedtoalibraryisautomaticallyassigneda u niquerecordnumber t hatneverchangesforthatreferencein thatparticularlibrary. EndNoteusesthesenumberstoformatpapers.Youcannotchangethese r ecordnumbers. l There i snolimittothenumberofreferencesyoucancreateinanEndNote library.Itisrecommendedthatthenumbernot exceed50,000tomaintain efficientperformancemanagingthedatabase. l Forty-five r eferencetypesarealreadydefined(suchasJournalArticle,Book, C onferenceProceedings,andsoon).Three additionalUnusedreference t ypesareavailablesoyoucandefineyourown.SeetheList o fReferenceTypes. l Thefields (Author, Title,Year,andsoon)displayedforeachreferencetypecanbemodified o rdeleted.Newfieldscanalso beadded,uptoatotalof52fields p erreference,includingthereferencetypename. l The t extofthereferencesshouldremainasplain t extunless aspecialfont,size,orstyleoftextisrequired f oraspecific termorcharacter. l The f ontusedtodisplaythetextinreferencescanbechangedusingthe G eneralDisplay F ontpreference. l You c aninsertonegraphicorfileintotheFigurefieldofarecord, andthefigurecanbecitedinMicrosoftWord. S eeInserting F igures.However,youcaninsertmultiplefilesintothe FileAttachmentsfield.SeeLinking a FiletoanEndNoteReference. l Referencesareautomatically s avedwhentheyareclosed;however,youmaysaveareferencewhile e ditingthereference usingtheSavecommandfromtheFilemenu. Related Topics: Choosinga R eferenceType Creating a NewReference Entering R eferences Field S izeRestrictions InsertingImages OpeningReferences RecordSummary TheReference W indow

The Reference Window

TheReferencewindow displaysthe c ontentsofareference.Eachpartofthereferenceisstoredinits o wnfieldandthetypeofreferenceisdisplayedbelow thetitlebar.The R eference Typefielddisplaysthetypeofreferencethatyouare v iewingsuchasjournalarticle,book,orconferenceproceeding. The f irstauthorslastname,theyear,andtheEndNoterecordnumber appearatthetopoftheReferencewindowinthetitlebar. Layout Button Bydefault,EndNotedisplaystheTabbedviewoftheReference w indow. ClicktheLayoutbuttoninthelowerright-handcornerto d isplayamenu. l TheOffoptionallowsyoutoworkineitherthe R eferencewindoworthePDFViewerwindowbyselecting eithertheReferencetaborthePDFtab. l TheRightoptionallowsyoutoworkside-by-sidein b oththeReferencewindowandthePDFwindow. Mark as Read / Mark as Unread Buttons UsethesetogglebuttonstoapplyaReadorUnreadstatustag t othecurrentreference.EndNoteautomatically savesyourselection. Rating System ApplyaratingtothecurrentreferenceintheReferencewindow t osignifytheimportanceofthecurrentreferenceto yourresearch. Applyuptofivestars(ornone)byclickingadotintheRating f ieldatthetopofthereferencewindow. Styles Apply styles to selected text in a field. Options include Bold, Italics, Underline, Plain, Superscript, Subscript, and Symbol Font. Case Applycasetreatmentstoselectedtextinafield.Options i ncludeSentencecase,lowercase,UPPERCASE,Every Word,and t OGGLEcASE. E-mail Option Toe-mailreferenceswithfileattachmentstocolleagues, r ight-clickanywhereintheReferencewindowandselect E-mail f romthecontext-sensitivemenu. Notethatyoucannote-mailfigureattachments usingtheE-mail o ption.

Find Reference Updates

ClicktheFindReference U pdatebuttontolookforthelatestupdatestothereferencethat y ouareviewing.EndNotesearchesfor andretrievesavailablefieldupdates f ortheselectedreference.Ifareliablematchisfound,EndNote d isplaysaReviewAvailable Updatesdialogthatshowsyouallthe u pdatesthatwerefound.SeeReview A vailableUpdatesDialogformoreinformation.

Window Controls
l Toopenacontext-sensitive m enu,right-clickanywhereintheReferencewindow. l ClicktheHideEmptyFields icontoviewonlythosefields t hatcontaindata.

l ClicktheShowEmpty F ieldsicontodisplayallfieldseventhosefieldswithoutdata. l Clicktheminimizeormaximizebuttonsinthetopcornertominimizeormaximize a Referencewindow. l Click Ctrl+Shift+Wtocloseallopenreferences.

PDF and Figure File Control

l ClickCtrl+Alt+A t oattachaPDFfiletothecurrentreference. l Double-clickaPDFfiletolaunchthedefaultPDFreader o nyourcomputer. l ClicktheAttachFigureicontoattachedagraphicfile.

Navigation Keys
l PresstheTabkeytomovetothenextfield a ndselectitscontents.Pressthe S hift+Tabkeystomovetothepreviousfield. l ClicktheLeftArrow ( PreviousReference)orRightArrow(NextReference)buttonstoclose t hecurrentreferenceandto openeitherthepreviousornextreference. Related Topics: Choosinga R eferenceType Creating a NewReference Entering R eferences Field S izeRestrictions Finding T extinaReference Important PointsAboutReferences InsertingImages Toolbars(Windows) Toolbars(Macintosh)

Record Summary
Toseealistofstatisticsaboutareference,highlightthereference i ntheLibrarywindow,thengototheReferencesmenuand selectRecord S ummary.

Ifyouwishtosaveandprintthisinformation,usetheCopytextto c lipboardbuttonandthenpastethetextintoawordprocessor document. Foralistofstatisticsabout thelibrary, s eeLibrary Summary. Related Topics: Important PointsAboutReferences Choosinga R eferenceType Creating a NewReference Entering R eferences Field S izeRestrictions InsertingImages OpeningReferences TheReference W indow

Selecting References
Toworkwithindividualreferences (forexampletocopy,open,exportoreditthem),firstselectthemin t heLibrarywindow.The simplestwayistoclickonareferenceinareference l ist.Thatreferenceisthenhighlightedtoindicateitisselected. Youcanalsoselectareferencebytypingthefirstfewlettersfound inthefieldbywhichthelibraryiscurrentlysorted.Forexample,if t helibraryissortedbytheauthorfield,typethefirstfewletters o fanauthorslastnametoselectthefirstreferencebythat author. I fthelibraryissortedbasedontitle,typethefirstfewlettersof t hetitleofthereferencethatyouwanttoselect.(Whentypingtheletters t omatchatitle,articlessuchas"a,""an,"and " the"areskipped.). Toselectmultiplereferences: l Holddownthe C trl k ey w hileclickingonindividualreferences.PresstheCtrl k ey a ndclickonaselectedreferencetodeselectthatreferenceandretain t herestoftheselection. l Select a rangeofreferencesbyclickingonthefirstreference,thenpress t heShiftkeyandclickonthelastreference o fthe

range. l Youcanalsoselectarangeofreferencesbyholding d ownthemousebuttonanddraggingthemouseverticallyacross a range o freferences. l Choose S electAllfromtheEditmenutoselectallofthereferencesshowing i nthecurrentreferencelist.Whenallthereferencesareselected, t heSelectAllcommandchangestoUnselect All. SeeShowing a ndHidingReferencestolearnhowtodisplayonlytheselectedreferences, o rtemporarilyhidetheselectedreferencesfromview. Related Topics: ImportantPointsAboutReferences ShowingandHiding R eferences TheReferenceWindow UsingShowSelectedand H ideSelected WorkingwithShowing R eferences

Opening, Closing, Saving, Deleting, Updating References

Opening References
Onceyouhavereferencesselected,anyofthefollowingactionsopens t hem(amaximumof10referencesatatime): l Double-click t heselectedreference(s). l Press E nter. l FromtheReferences menu,selectEditReferences( C trl+E). Youcanstopaseries ofselected r eferencesthatareintheprocessofopeningbypressingtheEscapekey ( Esc). TheReferencewindow thatopensforeachofthereferencesiswhere y ouenterandeditthereferencedata.Modifythistextjust likeyou w ouldeditawordprocessingdocument:selecttheincorrecttextandretype it,ordeleteandaddtextasnecessary.See Entering R eferencesforimportantinformationaboutenteringreferencedata.

Closing References
Tocloseacurrentlyopenreference,doanyofthefollowing: l Click i ntheclosebuttonontheReferencewindow. l FromtheFile m enu,selectCloseReference( C trl+W. l Tocloseonereference a ndviewthenextorpreviousreferenceinthelibrary,usethe N extReferenceandPreviousReferencecommandsontheReferencesmenu ( orthebuttonsintheReferencewindow).SeePrevious a ndNextReference Commands. l Close a llopenreferencesbyholdingdowntheShiftkeywhilepressingCtrl+W. Note>:Alldatainareference isautomaticallysavedwhenyouclosetheReferencewindow.

Deleting References
Todeletereferences:

1. Select(highlight)thosereferencesyouwantto d elete. 2. Dooneofthese,whichmovestheselectedreferences t otheTrashgroup: l Dragtheselectedreferencesanddropthemon t heTrashgroup. l FromtheReferencesmenu,selectMoveReferences t oTrash. l FromtheEditmenu,selectCut,whichalsostores t hereferencestemporarilyontheClipboard. l FromtheEditmenu,selectClear. 3. Whenyouareabsolutelycertainthatyouwantto d eletethereferencesintheTrash,gototheReferencesmenuand s elect EmptyTrash. 4. Youmustconfirmthatyouwanttoremovethereferences f romthelibrary. Note: Y oucannotundotheEmptyTrashcommand,sobesureyouwanttodelete t hereference(s)inTrashbeforedismissing t heEndNotewarning. 5. DisplayAllReferencesagaintocontinueworking i nyourlibrary.

About the Trash Group

TheTrashgroupcontainsreferencesyouhaveremovedfromthelibrary byusinganyofthemethodsmentionedabove.Whilethe referencesare o fficially nolongerinyourlibrary(theywillnotappearinanyother g rouporreferencelist,theyarenotincludedin yourreferencecount, a ndtheycannotbesearchedorcited),theyarenotcompletelydeleted u ntilyougototheReferencesmenu andselectEmptyTrash. UntilyouselectEmptyTrash,youcanstilldragreferencesfromthe T rashgroupbacktotheAllReferencesgroupofyouractive library.Or, h ighlightareferenceintheTrashgroup,right-clickthereference,and s electRestoretoLibrary. IfyoudonotactivelyselecttheEmptyTrashcommand,youwillbeprompted w henyouclosetheEndNotelibrary. Note:Whenyou d eleteareference,youdeleteitsrecordnumberinthatlibraryforever. E venifyoupastethereferencebackinto thesamelibrary,itisassigned a new,uniquerecordnumber.Thismaycauseincompatibilitieswitholder p apersthathavecitationsthatuseoldrecordnumbers.Westronglyrecommend t hatyoudonotdeletereferencesthathavebeenusedinpapers that you m ightwanttoreformatlater,andkeepbackupsofyourlibraries!

Reverting References
TheRevertReferencecommandontheFilemenudiscardsallchangesmade t oareferencesinceitwaslastopenedorsaved. RevertReferenceis n otavailableafteryouclosethereference. Toremovetheverylastchangemadetoareference,usetheUndo(Ctrl+Z)commandintheEditmenubeforeclosingorsavinga reference.

Saving References
Tosaveareferencethatyouhave j ustcreatedortosaveanychangesmadetoanexistingreference: l Closethereference(s), o r l FromtheFile m enu,selectSave( C trl+S). IfyouExit f romEndNotewhileReferencewindowsareopen,thereferencesareclosed andsavedautomatically.

Review Available Updates Dialog

YoucanselectandupdateindividualreferencesormultiplereferencesfromtheReviewAvailableUpdatesdialogbyretrieving informationfrom s ourcedatabasesoutsideEndNotesuchasWebofScienceandPubMed. TheFindReferenceUpdatesoptionisavailablefromtheReferencesmenu a ndasaniconfromtheReferencewindow.Whenyou selectthisoption, EndNotesearchesforandretrievesavailablefieldupdatesfortheselected r eference. EndNotefollowsthefollowingprocesswhensearchingforfieldupdates. l EndNotefirstlooksfortheDOI(DigitalObjectIdentifier)thatmatchestheDOIoftheselectedrecord.Ifareliablematchis found,EndNotedisplaystheReviewReference U pdatesdialoganddisplaysthefieldupdates. l IfEndNotecannotfindamatchingDOInumber,itlooksfortheauthorname,yearofpublication,andjournaltitlethat matchestheselectedrecord.Ifareliablematchisfound,EndNotedisplaystheReviewReference U pdatesdialoganddisplaysthefieldupdates. l Ifnomatchisfound,thennodialogdisplays. Toupdateareference: 1. Selectoneormorereferencesfromthe R eferenceListoropenareferenceintheReferencewindow. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectthe F indReferenceUpdatesoptiontoopentheReview AvailableUpdates d ialog. Note:ClicktheFindReference U pdatesiconfromthetoolbarifyouareupdatingareferencefromthe R eferencewindow. 3. Allupdatesarehighlightedinblueinboththe A vailableUpdatesandtheMyReferencepanels.Anupdateexistsforafield intheMyReferencepanelwhenthefield i semptyordiffersfromtheinformationinthesamefieldintheAvailable U pdates panel.ForeachupdatethatEndNotefindsforarecord,youcan: l ClicktheUpdateAllFieldsbuttontoupdateallthefieldsintheMyReferencespanelwithupdatedinformationfromtheAvailableUpdatespanel. l ClicktheUpdateEmptyFieldsbuttontoupdateeveryemptyfieldintheMyReferencepanelwiththenewinformationfrom theAvailableUpdatespanel. 4. Ifnecessary,editanyoftheinformationinthe f ields intheMyReferencepanel. 5. ClicktheSaveUpdatesbuttonto s aveyourchanges. 6. ClickYeswhentheEndNotedialogappearspromptingyoutosaveyourchanges. Note:Ifyouhaveselectedmorethanonereference,clicktheSkipbuttontoskipaparticularreferencethatyoudonotwishto update. Note:All f ieldsintheMyReferencepanelwilldisplayeveniftheyareempty.

Editing a Reference
Youcancopyanyoftheinformationfromaretrievedfieldandpaste t heinformationintothesamefieldintheMyReferencepanel. Youcan a lsoeditanyofthefieldsintheMyReferencepanel.The f ollowingeditoptionsareavailable:Cut,Copy,Paste,Paste with TextStyles,Clear,andSelectAll. Youcannot e ditanyoftheretrievedfieldsfromtheAvailableUpdatespanel. Related Topics:

Creating a NewReference EnteringReferences Important PointsAboutReferences

Creating a New Reference

Creating a New Reference
Toaddanewreferencetoanopenlibrary: 1. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectNewReference ( Ctrl+N).ThisopensanemptyReferencewindow: 2. SelectareferencetypefromtheReference T ypelistatthetopofthewindow. 3. Enterbibliographicdataintoeachofthefields i nthereference.Forguidance,seeEntering R eferences.Whenyouarefinished,closethereferencetosave i tandaddittothelibrary. Related Topics: Changing t heDefaultReferenceType Choosinga R eferenceType Entering R eferences Important PointsAboutReferences SavingReferences Tips f orChoosingtheRightReferenceType UpdatingReferences

Changing the Default Reference Type

Bydefault,newreferencesappearasJournalArticlereferences.You m aychangethisbyselectingtheDefaultReferenceType optioninthe P references panel. 1. Fromthe E dit m enu, selectPreferences. 2. ClicktheReferenceTypesoptioninthelist. 3. AtthetopofthatReferenceTypespreferences p anel,clicktheDefaultReferenceTypelist,andthenselectthe r eference typethatnewreferencesshoulduse. SeeReferenceTypesPreferences formoreinformation.

Choosing a Reference Type

Whenyoucreateanewreference,thatreferenceisassignedthedefault r eferencetype.Ifyouwanttoaddadifferenttypeofreference,click t heReferenceType l istatthetopoftheReferencewindow,andselectthereference t ypethatyouneed. Normally,youshouldselectthereference t ypebeforeenteringinformationinthereference.However,youcanchange t hereferencetypeatanytime,andtheinformationyouhaveenteredis retainedandtransferredtothecorrespondingfieldforthenewreference t ype. Inadditiontodetermininghowthe r eferenceisformattedinthebibliography,thereferencetypedetermines w hichfieldsappearin theReferencewindow.Forexample,aJournalArticle r eferencewouldhavefields forJournal,Volume,andIssue,whereasa BookwouldhavefieldsforEditorandPublisher.

Customizing Fields and Reference Types

Fieldscanberemoved,added,orrenamed.Youcanalsorenamereference t ypes.SeeCustomizing R eferenceTypesforinstructionsonremoving,adding,ormodifying f ields foreachreferencetype.

Tips for Choosing the Right Reference Type

UseBookforbookswrittenbyoneormoreauthors,anduseEdited Bookforbookseditedbyoneormoreeditors(whetherthey arebooks inaseries ornot). UseBook Section forreferencestopartsofeditedornon-edited books(achapter,forexample,oronearticleinapublishedconference p roceedings). TheConference Paperreferencetypeisbestusedforunpublished papers.Articlesthatarepublishedaspartofthecomprehensiveconference p roceedingsshouldbeenteredasConference Proceedingsreferences. UsetheElectronic Article,Electronic Book,orWeb PagereferencetypeforcitingmaterialfromaWebpageorFTPsite. I f youarecitingajournalarticlethatappearsbothonlineandinprint, m oststyleguidespreferthatyouusetheprintinformationand citeit a saregularjournalarticle.Emaildiscussions shouldbecitedasPersonal Communications,justlikeanyothercorrespondence. Usethe"Chart or Table"referencetypeifyouwanttoincludean i mageandlaterinsertthatimageasatableinMicrosoftWord. Images i nallotherreferencetypeswillinsertintoWordasfigures,whichare listedandnumberedseparatelyfromtables. Related Topics: About R eferenceTypes About t hePredefinedReferenceTypes Changing t heDefaultReferenceType Choosinga R eferenceType Creating a NewReference Customizing R eferenceTypes Entering R eferences Important PointsAboutReferences List ofReferenceTypes Reference TypesPreferences

Entering References
Entering References
Bibliographicinformation(aswellaskeywords,notes,andotherrelevant i nformation)isenteredintoseparatefieldsineachEndNotereference. B ystoringthepiecesofbibliographicdataindifferentfields,EndNote c anlaterrearrangetheelementstoconformtovariousbibliographicformats ( suchasAPAorMLA). Specialbibliographicformattingandpunctuationshouldnotbeincluded w henyouenterreferencedataintoEndNote.Forexample,youdonotneed t oputquotesaroundtitles,italicizejournalnames,orincludetheabbreviation " Vol.alongwithvolume numbers. E nteronlytherawdata,andleavetheformattingtoEndNote. Note:Thereareafewexceptionstothispunctuationrule, n otablyintheAuthor,Editor,andEditionfields. Afullsetofkeycommandsisavailablesothatyoucanenterreferences w ithoutusingthemouse.SeeKeyboardCommands. Fordetailsaboutenteringdataintospecificfields,seethesetopics:

l FieldSizeRestrictions l UsingTermListswithDataEntry l AuthorandEditorNames l Year l Titles l JournalNames l Pages l Edition l Date l ShortTitle l OriginalPublication l ReprintEdition l ReviewedItem l ISBN/ISSN l DOI l CallNumber l Label l Keywords l NotesandAbstract l URL(UniformResourceLocator) l FileAttachments l FigureandCaption

Field Size Restrictions

TheFigurefieldcancontainasinglegraphic. Allotherfieldscancontainupto64KB,or a pproximately16pagesofplaintext.

Changing the Display Fonts

Bydefault,EndNotedisplaystherecommendedsystemfontspecifiedforyourversionofWindows.SeeDisplayFontsPreferencesifyouwanttochangethefontandfontsizeonyourcomputerwhenworkinginEndNoteX6. Toaccess t hesesettings,gototheEditmenu, s electPreferences,andthenclickDisplayFontsinthelistofpreferences. Youcancontrolthefollowingdisplayfontsettings: l Library:TheLibrarytabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote a ppliestothereferenceslistedintheLibrarywindow. l General:TheGeneraltabdetermines thefontEndNoteapplieswhen y ouentertextinafieldintheReferenceandStyle windows. I talsodeterminesthefontEndNoteappliestotextthatyouviewinthe P reviewpanelandinformationpanelsor whenyouprintandcopy b ibliographicinformationfromEndNote. l Labels:TheLabelstabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote appliestotheReferencewindowfieldlabels. l Search:TheSearchtabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote applieswhenyouentertextinafieldontheSearchpanel. ChangesmadetothedisplayfontsapplytoallEndNotelibrariesopened o nthatcomputer.Theydonotaffectthefontusedwhen youareformatting b ibliographiesinawordprocessingdocument.Thenormalfontofthedocument i susedforthat.

EndNote u sesUnicodetoencode s pecialcharacters,sothatdatacan b eeasilytranslatedbetweenplatforms,programs,and l anguages.However, s omefontsdonotincludecertainUnicodecharacters.Ifsomecharacters donotdisplaycorrectlyinyourEndNotelibrary,werecommendswitching t hedisplayfonttoaUnicodefontorinstallingtheappropriatelanguage p ack(see Displaying E xtended/SpecialCharacters). Tochangethelibrarydisplayfont: 1. FromtheEdit m enu,selectPreferences. 2. Click t heDisplayFontsoptioninthelist. 3. Click t hetabtoindicatewhichdisplayfontsettingyouwanttochange: L ibrary,General,Labels,orSearch. 4. Click t heChangeFont b utton,andselectadifferentdisplayfontand/orsizefromtheFont a ndSize l ists. 5. ClickOKtoclosethefontselectiondialogandreturnto t heDisplaysFontspreferencespanel. 6. ClickOKtosavethechangesandclosethePreferencesdialog. Related Topics: Creating a NewReference Font,Size, a ndStyle Important PointsAboutReferences

Copying and Pasting Complete References

Inadditiontocopyingandpastingtextbetweenfields,EndNotecan C opyandPasteentirereferencesbetweenlibraries. TousetheCopyandPastecommands: 1. SelectoneormorereferencesintheLibrarywindow ( holddowntheCtrl k eytoselectmultiplereferencesortheShiftkeyto selectarange ofreferences).Donotopenthereferences. 2. SelectCopy(Ctrl+C)fromtheEdit m enuandthosereferencesarecopiedtotheClipboard. 3. OpenanotherEndNotelibraryandselectPaste(Ctrl+V)fromtheEdit m enutopastedirectlytotheLibrarywindow.Thereferencesyoucopied a repastedintothelibraryandsortedcorrectlywiththeexisting r eferences. Copying references using drag-and-drop: Aneasywaytocopyreferencesbetween l ibrariesistousethedrag-and-dropfunctionality.Simplyselectthe referencesyouwant tocopy,clickonanypartoftheselection,anduse t hemousetodragthemtoanotheropenlibrary.Releasethemousebutton whenthecursorisoverthedestinationlibrary,andalloftheselected r eferenceswillbecopiedintothelibrary. Ifyouneedtocopyallofthereferencesinonelibrarytoanother l ibrary,youcanalsousetheImportcommandtodirectlyimport onelibrary i ntotheother. Note:Anytimeyoucopyareferenceandpasteitintoanother l ibrary,orimportareferenceintoanotherlibrary,thereferenceis assignedanewrecordnumberinthedestinationlibrary.

Cut, Copy, and Paste Text in References

TheCut,Copy,andPastecommandsintheEditmenucanbeusedtomovetextfromonefieldinareferencetoanotherfieldby selectingandcopyingorcuttingthetextandthenpastingitinthedesiredlocation.YoucanalsoCopyandPastetextfromafield inanEndNotereferencetoyourwordprocessor.Similarly,youcanCopytextfromawordprocessingdocumentandPasteitinto areference.Ifitisimportanttopastethetextalongwiththefontsandtextstyles,usethePastewithTextStylescommandinthe

Editmenu.TheregularPastecommanddoesnotincludefont,size,ortextstyleinformationwhenpastingintoEndNotefrom anotherprogram.Avoidpastingunwantedfonts andtextstylesintoEndNotereferencesbecausethosefontsandtextstyleswill carrythroughintofuturebibliographies. Related Topics: CopyingandPastingCompleteReferences UsingDrag-and-DropWithinaReference

Using Drag-and-Drop Within a Reference

Textmaybemovedaroundwithinareferencebyselectingthetextand t hendragginganddroppingitinanewlocation.Whentext ismovedthis w aywithinareference,itismovedfromonelocationtoanother.When itisdraggedfromonereferencetoanother referenceortoanotherprogram ( suchasyourwordprocessor),thetextismovedtothetargetreference andremovedfromthe originallocation. Todrag-and-droptext: Firstselectthetext.Thenclickontheselection,andkeepthemouse b uttonpressedwhileyoudragthetexttoanotherlocation. Whenthecursor i spositionedintherightplace,releasethemousebuttontodropthe t extintheselectedlocation. See Also: Copying a ndPastingCompleteReferences

Previous and Next Reference Commands

WhenaReferencewindowisopen,usethePreviousReferenceandNext R eferencecommandsintheReferencesmenuto quicklybrowsethroughyour r eferences.TheReferencewindow alsoincludesarrowbuttonstomoveto t hepreviousornextreference. Whenyouselectoneofthesecommands ( orclickthebuttons),thecontentoftheReferenceswindowchangesto displaythe informationforthepreviousornextreferencelistedinthe L ibrarywindow. Thiscommandhasthesameeffectasclosingthereferencethatiscurrently d isplayedandopeninganotherreference,soany changestothecurrently o penedreferencewillbesavedbeforeEndNoteswitchestodisplayanother r eference.

Using Term Lists with Data Entry

EndNoteusesterm listsfortheAuthorandEditornames,Journals, a ndKeywords.Termlistscanalsobecreatedforother fields.Theselists a reupdatedautomaticallyasyouenternewtermsintothesefields.The b enefitofthisisthatthetermlistsalso helpwithdataentry.Ifyou b egintoenteraname,journalorkeywordthatyouhaveusedbeforein t hatlibrary,EndNotewillcompletethetermforyoutospeedupdata e ntry. ToacceptatermthatEndNotehassuggested, s implypressEnter,Tab,orclickinthenextfield.Termsthat a renew(thatis, thosethatdonotalreadyappearinthecorresponding A uthor,Journals,orKeywordtermlist)appearinredtext. AmorecompletediscussionofEndNotes t ermlistsisprovidedinIntroduction t oTermLists. Note:Boththe"Auto-Update"and"Auto-Complete" t ermlistfeaturesdescribedheremaybeturnedoffusingtheTerm L istssettingsintheEndNotepreferences.

Author and Editor Names

ThefollowinginformationaboutAuthorand E ditorfieldsappliestothefollowing"Generic"fieldnames: Author,SecondaryAuthor, TertiaryAuthor,andSubsidiaryAuthor.

Alwaysenterauthorandeditornamesonenameperline.Ifanauthors n ameistoolongtofitonasingleline,letitwraptothenext line asyoutypeit. Authornamescanbeenteredeitherwiththelastnamefollowedbya c ommaandthefirstname,orthefirstnamefollowedbythe lastname. B otharecorrect.However,notethatifyouhavethe"SuggestTerms a sYouType"featureofthetermliststurnedon, EndNotesuggests a uthornamesbasedontheassumptionthatthenamesarebeingentered w iththelastnamefirst. EndNotecanabbreviatefirstandmiddlenames,soformaximumflexibility e nterwholenameswheneverpossible.Ifyouareenteringinitialsinstead o ffullnames,besuretotypeaperiodoraspacebetweeninitials,(for example"Fisher,J.O.orJ O Fisher), otherwiseEndNoteinterpretstheinitialsasasingle n ame:Jo. SeeAdditional StyleFormattingOptionsforinformationabouthowEndNotecanuse s tylesettingstoformatauthornamesinbibliographies.Formoreinformation a bouttermlists,seeIntroduction t oTermLists.

Using "et al." or Similar Abbreviations

Enterallauthornamesforaparticularreference. EndNotewilltruncate t helistofauthorswith"etal."or"andothers" a srequired bythebibliographicstyle.Ifyoudonotknowallofthe a uthorsnames,thenthelastauthor s houldbe"etal."or"andothers"followedbyacomma.

Anonymous Works
Ifareferencehasnoauthor,youshouldleavetheAuthorfieldblank. D onotenter"Anonymous."Thestylethatyouusetoformat the b ibliographydetermineshowanonymousreferencesaretreated. Notethatifaworkispublishedwith"Anonymous"printed o nthetitlepage,moststyleguidesrequestthat"Anonymous" be enteredasthoughitweretheauthorname.

Corporate Authors
Whenenteringcorporateauthors,putacommaafterthename: U.S.DepartmentofAgriculture, AppleComputerInc., Thisensuresthattheentirenameistreatedasafirstname,sono n amemanipulationwillbeapplied. Ifyourcorporateauthornameincludesacommainthenameitself,use t wocommasinplaceofthefirstcomma: California,,Irvine EndNotetreatsthisasalastnamefollowedbyablankfirstname.Then, e verythingafterthe(blank)firstnameisappended, includinga s econdcommainthename.Theformattedresultisthecorporate n amewiththecommasinplace.

Complex Author Names

Formultiple-wordlastnames,likeCharlesdeGaulle,enterthenamewiththe l astnamefirst,suchas: deGaulle,Charles Enteringanamethiswayensuresthatbothwords"de"and " Gaullewillformatasthelast name. Enterauthorswithtitles,suchas"Jr. o rIII,asLast,First,Title.Forexample,"AlfredSmithJr."mustbeenteredas: Smith,Alfred,Jr. Thetextafterthesecondcommawillprintexactlyasentered.

Note:SeetheSortingsectionoftheEndNotepreferences ifyoudonotwantEndNotetoinclude p repositions(suchasde,van, von,andsoon.)whenitalphabetizes r eferencesinabibliography. Related Topics: Entering R eferences Entering S pecialCharacters Font,Size, a ndStyle PlainText Using T ermListswithDataEntry

Year
Normally,youshouldenterthefournumbersoftheyearofpublication, a sin2010.Whenappropriate,youmayenter"inpress,"or "in p reparation,"orsomeothernotation. Note:Whenyou t ransferreferencesfromanoutsidesourceintoEndNote,onlyvaliddates a reparsedandtransferred.Textsuch as"submitted"or"in p rint"isignored.However,youcanmanuallytypethisinformation i ntothereference.

Titles
ThefollowinginformationaboutTitlefieldsappliestothe"Generic" f ieldsTitle,SecondaryTitle,TertiaryTitle,andAlternateTitle. Entertitleswithoutaperiodoranyotherpunctuationattheend. D o notpresstheEnterkeywhiletypingtitlesintoEndNote; a llow longtitlestojustwraptothenextline.AlthoughtheEndNote s tyles canchangethecapitalizationoftitles,itisbesttocapitalize thetitleinthesamewayyouwouldlikeittobecapitalizedinyour b ibliographies.

Journal Names
TheJournal f ieldisautomaticallysetuptoworkwiththeJournalstermlist.This m eansthattheJournalslistisupdatedasyou addnewjournalnamesto y ourreferences,andEndNotewillusethislisttofacilitatedataentry b ysuggestingjournalnamesas youenterthemintotheJournalfield. TheJournalfield(intheJournalArticle r eferencetype)canbeusedwiththeJournalstermlisttoallowformultiple f ormatsofa journalnametobeusedinyourbibliographies,depending o ntheformatrequired (seeCreating BibliographieswithJournalAbbreviations).Whenthedifferentforms ofthejournalnameareenteredintotheJournalstermlist,all i ttakestochangetheformatof yourjournalnamesinabibliography i sonechangeinthestyleused(seeJournal N ames).Alloftheappropriatesubstitutionsare madewhenthebibliography i screated. EndNoteincludesseveralpredefinedjournal l istsintheTermsfolder.Ifyouwouldliketousetheselists,youshould importthem intoyourJournalslistasdescribedinLoading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations.

The Alternate Journal Field

TheAlternateJournalfieldismostuseful w henimportingorretrievingreferencesfromanonlinesourcethatprovides t woformsof eachjournalname(fullandabbreviated).Byimportingboth, y oucaneasily updatetheJournalstermlistandusethecorrectform ofthenamewithouthavingtoenterityourself(seeUpdating a JournalList). Ifyoudonotimportfromsourcesthatinclude a nalternatejournalname,thisfieldisprobablynotnecessaryforyou t ohaveinyour JournalArticlereferences.Youcanremoveitbyediting t heReferenceTypespreference(seeCustomizing R eferenceTypes).

Pages
Pagerangescanbeenteredascomplete(1442-1449)orabbreviated(1442-9) ranges.Thestyleusedtocreatethebibliography canchangethepage n umberstobeeitherfullorabbreviatedpageranges,orshowjustthe f irstpage(seePageNumbers). DonotusecommasinthePagesfieldforpagenumbersinthethousands.

Edition
ThetextoftheEditionfieldisnotmodified byEndNoteforyourbibliographies,sobesuretoenter"1st," " 2nd,"andsoonforthis fieldifthatiswhatyouneedin y ourbibliography.

Date and Auto Date Stamp

The Date Field
Inthe D atefieldofyourreferences,enterdatesasyouwouldlike t hemtoappearinyourformattedlistorbibliography;EndNote doesnot r eformatdates.Theoutputstyledetermineswhichdatefieldprintsin y ourbibliographicreferences. Note:Whenyou t ransferreferencesfromanoutsidesourceintoEndNote,onlyvaliddates a reparsedandtransferred.Textsuch as"submitted"or"in p rint"isignored.However,youcanmanuallytypethisinformation i ntothereference.

The Auto Date Stamp Fields

TwoAutoDateStampfields areavailablethatyoucanaddtotheLibrarywindow. TheAddedtoLibraryandLastUpdateddatefieldsareinsertedwhenyousave a newreference.TheLastUpdateddateisreset eachtimeyou s avechangestoareference.ThedateformatoftheAutoDateStampfieldsmatchesyourdefaultoperatingsystem settings(forexample,4/16/2012). ToaddthetwoAutoDateStampfieldstotheLibrarywindow,selectPreferences>DisplayFields.FromtheFieldcolumn,select theAddedtoLibraryand/orLastUpdatedfields.EndNotepopulatestheHeadingcolumnwithyourselection. Youcannotedit,print,orexporteitheroftheAutoDateStampfields.Youcan,however,displayandsortthese f ieldsfromthe LibrarywindowjustasyoucanwithanyotherEndNotefield. Note:ForreferencesenteredwithEndNoteversionX1orearlier,theAdded t oLibraryfieldisleftblankandtheLastUpdatedfield displaysthe d ateofconversiontoEndNote.

Short Title
UsetheShortTitlefieldtoenter a bbreviatedversionsoftheregulartitlewhichshouldbeusedaspart o fanin-textcitationora footnotecitation.Thisisacommonrequest f ormanyofthehumanitiesstyleswhichuseashortenedformofthetitle i nthecitationtohelpidentifywhichreferenceisbeingcited.Forexample, M LAtypicallylistsjusttheauthornameand t hespecificallycited pagesinthein-textcitation: (Perin141) Butiftherearemultipleworksbythatauthor,MLA r equiresthatthetitle,orashortenedformofitbeaddedtothecitation. I fthe fulltitleofthereferenceisfairlylong,suchasBurning t heMidnightOil:TalesfromWorkingtheNightShift,youshould enteran easilyrecognizableformofthetitlethatstartswiththefirstwordonwhichthenormaltitle w ouldbesorted.Forexample: (Perin,Burning141) IfanEndNotestyleisconfiguredtousetheShortTitlefield,and t hatfieldisemptyforaparticularreference,thenormalTitlefield isusedinstead

Original Publication
UsetheOriginalPublicationfieldtoenteranyinformationaboutthe originalpublicationthatyouneedtobeincludedinthecitedreference. F orexample,whencitingarepublishedbookyoumightwanttoinclude t heoriginalpublicationdate,aswellasanyother supplementaryinformation a bouttheoriginalpublication(suchasplacepublishedandpublisher). E nterthisinformationjustas youwouldwantittoappearinyourformatted bibliographyreference(includingtextstylesandpunctuation).

Reprint Edition
UsetheReprintEditionfieldfor r eferencesthatwereoriginallypublishedunderadifferenttitle.The f ieldshouldincludetheoriginaltitleandyeartoindicatethatthis r eferenceisareprintofanearlierpublication.Enterthisinformation exactlyasyouwould wantittoappearinyourformattedreference(including t extstylesandpunctuation). Note:This f ieldisnotintendedtobeusedtoindicatewhetherornotyouhavea r eprintofthearticleonfile.Youmayuseoneof thecustomfieldsfor t hat.

ISBN/ISSN
ISSN(InternationalStandardSerialNumber)andISBN(International S tandardBookNumber)arecodesusedtoidentifyaparticularpublication. A nISSNnumberwouldrefertoanentirejournal(suchastheJournalof V irology),andanISBNwouldrefertoa particularbook. Thesenumbershelptoidentifyaspecificpublicationifyouneeded t oorderitorlocateit.ThisfieldisalsousedforReportNumber and P atentNumber.

DOI
ADOI(DigitalObjectIdentifier) i sauniqueIDforlocatingadigitalversionofadocument,PDF,orimage.It i smostusefulifyou areimportingreferencedataorretrievingreferences d irectlyfromanonlinesource.Thisfieldwasformerlytitled"Electronic ResourceNumber."

Reviewed Item
UsetheReviewedItemfieldforarticlesorchaptersthatarecritical r eviewsofbooks,cinema,art,orotherworks.Thecontentsof theReviewed I temfieldvariesdependingonthetypeofreviewthatyouareciting, b uttypicallyyoushouldenterthetitleofthe reviewedworkandthe p rimarypersonresponsibleforit(author,artist,performer,andsoon). A dditionalinformationaboutaproductionorperformancemayalsobeincluded. E ntertheinformationexactlyasyouwantittoappearintheformatted r eferences (includingpunctuationandtextstyles).

Call Number
TheCallNumberfieldisusedtostorelibrarycallnumbers.Theseare t hecodesthathelpyoutolocateaparticularpublicationon theshelves i nyourlibrary.Whenavailable,theEndNoteconnectionfilesimportthe c allnumberinformationintothisfield.Ifyou donotplantousethis f eature,youmayremovethefield(seeCustomizing R eferenceTypes).

Label
Label f ieldcanbeusedformanypurposes,suchasspecialin-textcitations o rreprintnumbers. Somecitationstyles requirethatcitationsincludeonlypartoftheauthorsname,suchas[SMIT90].EndNotecannotcreatethis citationforyou,butifyoutype"SMIT90"intotheLabelfieldandusetheLabelfieldinyourstylescitationtemplate,EndNotewill inserttheLabelfieldintothecitation.

IfyoudonotneedtheLabelfieldforcitationpurposes,itcanbe u sedasanadditionalfieldforcategorizingreferencesorstoring reprint n umbers.(DonotuseEndNotesrecordnumberstonumberreprintsbecause t hesenumberschangewhenreferencesare movedtodifferentlibraries. E ndNotesrecordnumberscannotbeassignedorchangedbytheuser.)

Keywords
UsetheKeywordsfieldtostorekeywordsthatyouwanttoassociate w iththereference.YoucanrestrictasearchtojusttheKeywordsfield, s otheterms youenterintothisfieldcanbeusedtolaterretrievethe r eferenceswhenusingEndNotesSearchcommand. TheKeywordstermlist(whichmaintainsalistoftermsusedinthe K eywordsfield)canbesetuptorecognizesemicolons(;), slashes(/), b ackslashes(\),andreturnsasthedelimitersthatseparateindividual k eywords.Ifyouwouldprefertouseotherpunctuationtoseparateyour k eywords,youmaychangethesesettingsusingtheDefineTermListscommand f romtheToolsmenu. Related Topics: Entering R eferences Entering S pecialCharacters Font,Size, a ndStyle PlainText

Notes and Abstract

The N otes,ResearchNotes,andAbstractfields c aneachholdupto64,000characters,whichisequivalenttoabout16 p agesof text.UsetheNotesfieldtostorepersonalreminders,suchas t helocationofaquotationinabookorthequotationitself.Usethe Abstractfieldforabriefdescriptionofthecontentsofthework.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

AURL(UniformResourceLocator)isthetermfortheaddressusedto l ocateaspecificpageofinformationwithyourWeb browser. TolinkaURLtoareferenceinyourEndNotelibrary: 1. SelectareferenceintheLibrarywindow andopen t hereference.PutyourcursorintheURLfield. 2. TypeorpasteavalidURLintothefield.Forexample: http://www.endnote.com or ftp://ftp.cuteftp.com TheURLbecomesahyperlink(blueand u nderlined). IfyouneedtoentermultiplelinksintotheURLfield,enterthemone p erline.AddinganyotherinformationalongwiththeURLor pathand f ilenamemaykeeptheOpenURLcommandfromsuccessfullyfindingthedesired s ite. WhenacorrectlyformattedURLisenteredintotheURLfield,theURL >OpenURLcommandontheReferencesmenucanbe usedtolaunchaWeb browserandtakeyoutothatsiteorfile. SomeonlinereferencedatabasesincludeaURLforthefulltextofan articleonline.Whenimportingorretrievingreferences directlyfrom t hesesources,theURLscanimportdirectlyintothisfieldtotakeadvantage o ftheOpenURLcommand.Youcan alsostoreaURLtorelatedinformation o ntheWeborotherrelevantmaterial.

EndNoteautomaticallyrecognizesURLsiftheyareenteredwiththecorrect prefix(suchas"http://"or"ftp://)inanyfield.When recognized,theybecomeclickableWeb l inksandappearasblueandunderlinedtext.Simply clickingononeof t heselinkswill openyourWebbrowserandgototheaddressgiven.This f eatureisnotspecifictotheURLfield.SeeLinking R eferencestoWeb SitesandFiles.

File Attachments
UsetheFileAttachmentsfieldtostorethepathtoPDF f iles(andotherfiletypes)onyourharddrive. Note:UsetheFigure f ieldtoattachagraphicorfilethatyouwanttoinsertintoaWord d ocumentwithCiteWhileYouWrite. TolinkafiletoareferenceinyourEndNotelibrary: 1. SelectareferenceintheLibrarywindow, o ropenthereferenceforediting. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFile A ttachments>AttachFile. 3. Onthefiledialog,selectafiletolink t otheselected(oropen)reference. 4. Notethecheckboxalongthebottomtitled, " Copythisfiletothedefaultfileattachmentsfolderandcreate arelativelink." Thisgivesyoutheoptionto: l Selectthecheck b oxtocopytheoriginalfileandplacethecopyintheDATA\PDFfolderthatispartofyourEndNote l ibrary. l DeselectthecheckboxtoalwayshaveEndNote lookintheoriginalfolderfortheinsertedfile. Formoreinformationabout t hisoption,seeSelecting a RelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments . 5. ClickOpen. EndNotewilldisplayaniconindicatingthetypeoffileinserted.You c aninsertadditionalfilesintothesameFileAttachments field. Note:Anotherway t olinkafiletotheFileAttachments fieldistodraganddropthefile o ntothereferenceineithertheLibrarywindowortheReferencewindow. W hetherthefileissavedwiththedatabaseorislinkedwithanabsolute p athisdeterminedbythe defaultfileattachmentsetting.SeeURLs&Links. Note:Inorder t omaintaincross-platformcompatibility,anyofthefollowingcharacters i nafilenamewillbereplacedbyanunderscorewhenEndNotesavesacopy o fthefileintheDATA\PDFfolderwith a relativepath. These characters are replaced with an underscore \ (back s lash) / (forward s lash) : (colon) * (asterisk) ? (question mark) " (quotation m ark) < (less t han) > (greater t han) | (vertical bar) Replacement Characters Table

Formoreinformation,seeLinking a FiletoanEndNoteReferenceandOpening a LinkedFileorURL. Toautomaticallysearchonlinetolocateandattachthe f ulltextofareferenceddocument,seeFinding F ullTextforaReference. Related Topics: Entering S pecialCharacters Font,Size, a ndStyle URLs &LinksPreferences PlainText URL(Uniform R esourceLocator)

Figure and Caption

TheFigurefieldcancontainagraphicorfileattachment.SeeInserting I mages. TheFigurefieldisincludedbydefault f orallreferencetypes,butyoucanremoveitfromanyreferencetype o rrenameitinanyreferencetype. Note:Eachreferencecancontainonlyonegraphic orfile a ttachment. Thefigureitselfiscopiedtothe [ libraryname].DATAfolderfoundinthesamefolderasthelibraryfile. ArelatedCaption f ieldappearsdirectlyundertheFigurefieldinareference.Usethis f ieldforashortdescriptionoftheimageor file. CiteWhileYouWriteallowsyoutoinsertthefigureanditscaption i ntoawordprocessingdocument.SeeInserting a ndFormattingFiguresandTables .Figuresinmostreferencetypes w illinsertintoWordasfigures.TheonlyexceptionistheChartor Table r eferencetype;usetheChartorTablereferencetypeifyouwanttoinclude a nimageandlaterinsertthatimageasatablein MicrosoftWord.Tables a relistedandnumberedseparatelyfromfiguresinWord.

Font, Size, and Style

EndNoteisdesignedtoproducebibliographies t hatautomaticallyusethefontandsizeofthetextinyourwordprocessing d ocuments.Normally,whenyoutypetextintoanEndNotereference,it i senteredinadefaultPlainfont,size,andstyle,which meansthat y ourreferencesfollowthefontsettingsinyourpaper. Ifanyfonts,sizes,orstylesother t hanthedefaultareenteredintoyourlibrary,theywillappearinyour bibliographyregardlessof thefontofyourpaper.Forexample,youcan i talicizespeciesnames,addasuperscript n umber,orenterGreekcharacterssuch as. Toapplyfontortextstyles,selectthetexttobechangedandthen s electthedesiredfont,size,orstylefromtheEditmenuorthe Fonttoolbar. Note:If t heFont,Size,andStyleoptionsaredim,itiseitherbecause y ouarenotinaneditingwindow (suchasaReferenceor Stylewindow), oryouhavenotselected(highlighted)anytexttochange.Ifaspecific o ptionisnotavailable,theparticularfont selectedmaynotsupport t heoptionyouwant

Plain Text
ThePlainText,PlainFont, a ndPlainSizecommandsontheEditmenuorontheTextStyletoolbar r emoveoverridingfonts,text sizes,ortextstylesfromtheselected t extinareferenceoraStylewindow.

WhenEndNotecreatesabibliography, t extinPlainFontandPlainSizeusesthefontandsizeofyourpaper. T ousethesecommands,firstselectthetextyouwanttochange,andthen s electPlainText,PlainFont,orPlainSizefromtheEditmenuorthe t oolbar. ThedefaultfontusedtodisplayEndNotes"PlainText"is t hedefaultfontofyouroperatingsystem,butitcanbechangedusing theGeneralfontoptionintheDisplayFontssectionoftheEndNotepreferences. ( SelectPreferences fromtheEditmenuandclick theDisplayFontsoption.)TheGeneralfont s ettingchangesthefontinwhichthereferencesaredisplayedbutdoes n otaffectthe fontofabibliographycreatedforawordprocessingdocument.

Entering Several Articles from the Same Source

Useareference"template"tofacilitateenteringaseries o freferencesthathavesomeinformationincommon(suchasvarious sections f romonebook,oranumberofpaperspresentedatthesameconference). ThetemplateyoucreateisanincompleteEndNotereferencewithjustthe c ommoninformationenteredintoit. Tocreate a referencetemplate: 1. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectNewReference. 2. Enterallof t hebibliographicinformationthatthereferenceshaveincommon(such a stheyear,booktitle,publisher,and cityfordifferentsections f romonebook). 3. Closethereference w henyouarefinished.ItremainsselectedintheLibrarywindow. 4. SelectCopy(Ctrl+C)fromtheEdit m enutocopyit. 5. UsethePaste(Ctrl+V)commandtopaste t hereferenceseveraltimes,tocreateasmanypartially-filledreferences asyou need.YoushouldpastedirectlytotheLibrarywindowdo n otopenanewreferenceandselectPaste. 6. Selectallofthepartially-filledreferences that y oujustcreatedandeditthem(double-clickthem,pressEnter,or t ype Ctrl+Etoopenupto10selectedreferencesatonetime). Completeeachoftheindividualreferences.Closeeachreferenceas y oucompleteit.andsavethembypressingCtrl+W.

Entering Special Characters

Entering Special Characters
EndNotereferencescanincludespecialcharacters,includingcharacters w ithdiacritics,andGreek,mathematical,andtypographicalsymbols.Diacritical c haractersareapartofstandardWindowsfonts,whilemostsymbolscan b eenteredintheSymbol font. EndNoteusesUnicodetoencodespecialcharacters, s othatdatacanbeeasilytranslatedbetweenplatforms,programs,and l anguages. EndNoteusesthedefaultlanguagesettingsetbyyouroperatingsystem. I fthecharactersyouwishto u serequireinstallingadifferentlanguagepack,seeSeeDisplayingExtended/Special C haracters. SpecialcharacterscanbeenteredintoEndNoteusinganyofthesetext-entry m ethods: l Typethecharacteronthekeyboard(ifthecharacter i spartofthelanguagesupportedbythekeyboard). l Copythecharacter f romanotherprogram,andpasteitintoyourEndNotelibrary. l UsetheCharacter M approgramsuppliedwithWindowsforthispurpose.

DiacriticalcharacterscanbeenteredintoEndNotereferencesandinto E ndNotetermlists.Ifyoufrequentlyusecertaindiacritical characters, o rwordsthatincludediacriticalcharacters,youcanstorethemina t ermlistandthenselectthemfromthelistwhen enteringreferences. S eeIntroduction t oTermLists. Note: I fcharactersdonotappearastheyshouldinEndNote,seeDisplayingExtended/Special C haracters. Related Topics: Changing t heGeneralDisplayFont Entering R eferences Font,Size, a ndStyle

Using Character Map

TheCharacterMapprogram(CHARMAP.EXE)issuppliedwithallversionsof W indows.Bothdiacriticalcharactersandsymbols canbeenteredusing t heCharacterMap: TousetheCharacterMapprogram: 1. FromtheWindowsStart>Programs m enu,selectAccessories,thenSystemTools,thenCharacterMap. 2. Select t heSymbolfont,ifnecessary.(OtherfontswillreverttotheTyping D isplayFontwhenpastedinEndNote.) 3. Double-click t hecharacter(s)youneed. 4. Click t heCopybuttontocopythecharacterstotheClipboard. 5. Return t oEndNote,positionthecursorinareference,thenselectPaste f romtheEditmenutopastethecharacters. Or,withbothyourEndNotereference o penandCharacterMapopen,youcanclickonacharacterinCharacter M apandthendragand-dropitintoyourEndNotereference. Note:TheCharacterMapmayinclude s omeUnicodecharacters t hatwillnotworkinyourselectedfont.Ifyouinsertacharacter that isnotrecognized,itwillappearinEndNoteasabox.

Inserting Figures
Inserting Figures
EndNoteextendstheorganizationofreference informationbyincludingtheabilitytoembedgraphicsandfilesinan E ndNote libraryandlinkthemtopapers.Youcaninsertagraphic,figure, o rfileintotheFigurefieldofanyEndNotereference. S eeInserting G raphicsandFiles. Note:WhiletheFigureandCaptionfields are includedby d efaultforallreferencetypes,youcanremovethematanytimeifyou donotintendtousethemandtheyarejusttakingupspace. S eeAdding a ndDeletingReferenceTypes. OnceyouhaveafigureinyourEndNotereference, C iteWhileYouWriteallowsyoutoinsertthefigureanditscaptioninto a word processingdocument. S eeInserting a ndFormattingFiguresandTablesformoreinformationaboutusing i mageswithCiteWhile YouWrite.

Selecting the Appropriate Reference Type

Youcaninsertagraphicorfileinto t heFigurefieldofanEndNotereference.Dependingonthereferencetype, t hefieldmaybe labeledFigureorhaveacustomlabelassignedbyyou.

Bydefault,theFigureandCaption f ields areincludedinallreferencetypes.So,whileareferencetoa j ournalmaycontainprimarilybibliographicinformation,youcanalso i ncludeanillustrationthatappearedwiththejournalarticle. TheFigure,ChartorTable,andEquation referencetypescanbeusedspecificallytocatalogimagesandfiles, a ndmaycontain minimalreferenceinformation. Note:Figuresinthe"ChartorTable"referencetype areinserted i ntoWordastables,andarelabeledandnumberedseparately fromthe f iguresfoundinallotherreferencetypes. ToaddorremovetheFigureandCaptionfields fromareferencetype, gototheEditmenu,selectPreferences,andselectReferenceTypes.For m oreinformationaboutmodifyingreferencetypes,seeCustomizing t heReferenceTypes.

Inserting Graphics and Files

Notes about inserting graphics and files into the Figure field: l Always u setheFigure>AttachFigure c ommandtoinsertgraphicsandotherfilesintotheFigurefield. I fyousimplyuse CopyandPaste,Systemsettingsareusedandyou c ouldultimatelylosecolorsandotherattributesfromtheoriginal f ile. l Each EndNotereferencecancontainonlyonegraphicorfileattachment i ntheFigurefield.Ifyouinsertasecondgraphicor file,itwill r eplacethefirstone.ThepreviousfigureisdeletedfromtheDATA f older.SeeStoringandSharing F igureFiles formoreinformationabouttheDATAfolder. l Afterinsertingagraphic, y oushouldalwaystypeCaptiontextintotheCaptionfield,particularly ifyouintendtolaterinsert thefigureintoaWorddocument.The C aptionwilllabelthegraphicinthefigurelistattheendofthe W orddocument.The Captionalsohelpsyousearchforthefigure. l Youcaninsertafigure o nlyintoareferencethatcontainstheFigurefield.Ifyouneed t oaddtheFigurefieldtoareference type,see C ustomizingReference T ypes. l In o rdertomaintaincross-platformcompatibility,anyofthefollowing c haractersinafilenamewillbereplacedbyanunderscorewhenEndNote s avesacopyofthefileintheDATAfolder. These characters are replaced with an underscore \ (back s lash) / (forward s lash) : (colon) * (asterisk) ? (question m ark) " (quotation m ark) < (less t han) > (greater t han) | (vertical b ar) Replacement Characters Table Toinsertagraphic(picture) orotherfileintotheFigurefield: 1. With t hereferenceopenforediting,gototheReferencesmenuandselect F igure>AttachFigure.(TheAttachFigurecommandisalsoavailable o nthetoolbar.) 2. Click C hooseFiletodisplayafiledialog. 3. Locate t hegraphicfileandInsertit.EndNoterecognizesatleast t hesegraphicfiletypes:

l l l l l

WindowsBitmap-BMP >GraphicsInterchange F ormat-GIF JPEG FileInterchangeFormat-JPEG PortableNetworkGraphics PNG Tag I mageFileFormat-TIFF

ValidpicturefilesarethosethatMicrosoft W ordrecognizesaspictures. EndNotealsorecognizesatleasttheseotherfileformats: l l l l l l l l l l Audio f iles(WAV,MP3) Microsoft Accessfiles Microsoft Excelfiles Microsoft PowerPointfiles Microsoft Projectfiles Microsoft Visiofiles Microsoft W ordfiles Multimedia f iles(MOV,QuickTime) Technical drawingfiles Text f iles(TXT,RTF,HTML)

4. Then, o ntheAttachFiguredialog,clickOKtocopythefiletoyourEndNote r ecord. Agraphicappearsasathumbnailwithinthereference. Other t ypesoffileswillappearasanattachment,withtheprogramiconand f ilename.(Iftheapplicationusedtocreatethedocumentisnotavailable o nyoursystem,theiconsimplygivesgenericWindowsfileinformation.) Double-clickingonthethumbnailorfile iconwilllaunchanassociatedapplicationtoopenthefile,withthe s ameeffectasifyou haddouble-clickedthefileonyourcomputerdesktop.

Entering a Caption
ArelatedCaptionfieldappearsdirectlyundertheFigurefieldina r eference.Usethisfieldforashortdescriptionoftheimageor file. T heCaptionfieldallowsyoutoeasilysearchforfigures. IfyouinsertanEndNotefigureintoaWorddocumentwithCiteWhile Y ouWrite,thecorrespondingcaptionappearseitherabove orbelowthe f igureinyourpaper(theplacementisdeterminedbythecurrentoutput s tyle).

Opening the Figure File

Double-clickingonagraphicorfile i conintheFigurefieldofareferencewilllaunchanassociatedapplication (determinedbythe filetypeandyouroperatingsystem)andopenthefile f orviewingorediting.Itisthesameasifyouhaddouble-clickedon t hefigurefileonyourcomputerdesktop.Anychangestothefileare s avedforthisEndNotereference. Whenyoudouble-clickafigurefilesuchasaGIF f ile,Windowswilllookforanimageviewerlike P aintorPhotoViewertopreview theimage.Theprogram u sedtocreatethefilemaynotopen.

Storing and Sharing Figure Files

Whenyouinsertafigure,EndNote c opiesthefigurefileandplacesthecopyina[libraryname].DATAfolder, w hichisfoundinthe samefolderasthemainlibraryfile.Thecopied f igurefileisspecificallylinkedtoasingleEndNotereference.

Note:Simplyputtingafigurefileintothe D ATAfolderdoes n otlinkitintoareference.YoumustusetheFigure>Attach F igure command. Ifyoumoveyourlibrarytoadifferentcomputer,orifyouwantto s hareyourlibrarywithsomeone,remembertoalwayscopythe .DATAfolder a longwiththelibrary. Related Topics: Backing U pYourEndNoteFiles Converting f romFigurestoFileAttachments Deleting o rReplacingFigureFiles Editing F igureFiles Enteringa C aption Inserting GraphicsandFiles InsertingFigures Opening t heFigureFile Selecting t heAppropriateReferenceType

Editing Figure Files

ToeditafigurestoredinanEndNotereference,openthereference a nddouble-clickthefigureicon.Thislaunchesanassociated application t oopenthefileforediting.SeeOpening t heFigureFile. Editingchangesaremadetothefile s toredinthelibrarysDATAfolderforthisreference,andnottothe o riginalfigurefilethatwas inserted. Note:Neverrenamefigurefileswithin t heDATAfolder.EndNoteassignseachfigureauniquename t hathelpslinkittoaspecificreference.

Deleting or Replacing Figure Files

TodeleteafigurefromanEndNote r eference: 1. OpentheEndNote r eference,scrolltotheFigurefield,andselectthefigureicon. 2. PresstheDeletekeyoruseyourmousetoright-click a ndselectClear. Deletingafigurefromthereference a lsodeletesitfromthe.DATAfolder. Note:If y ouinsertthesamefigureintwodifferentreferences,EndNotestores t wocopies ofthefigureinthe.DATAfolder.Deletingthefigurefrom oneofthereferenceswillnotaffecttheotherreference. Toreplace a figureinanEndNotereference,youcandooneofthese: l Open t heEndNotereferenceandattachthenewfigure.TheexistingfigureisdeletedfromtheDATAfolder a ndisreplaced withthenewfigure. l Deletetheoldfigure f romthereference,andthenattachthenewfigure. Related Topics: Editing F igureFiles Enteringa C aption Inserting GraphicandFiles

InsertingFigures Opening t heFigureFile Storing a ndSharingFigureFiles

Converting from Figures to File Attachments

YoucanmovealinkedfilefromtheFiguresfieldtotheFileAttachments f ieldinareference.Keepinmindthatonlyfiguresstored intheFigures f ieldcanbecitedinMicrosoftWordwithCiteWhileYouWrite. EarlierversionsofEndNotedidnotincludeaFileAttachmentsfield. YoumayhavelinkedafiletotheFiguresfield,andlater decidedthat y oureallywantedtolinkthefiletotheFileAttachmentsfield. ToconvertfilelinksfromtheFiguresfieldtotheFileAttachments f ield: 1. Inareferencelist,highlightthereference(s)youwishtochange.Or,openaspecific r eferenceforediting. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFigure,andthen s electConvertFigurestoFileAttachments.

Linking to Files and Web Sites

Linking References to Web Sites and Files
EndNoteincludesaURLfieldandaFile A ttachments fieldthatyoucanusetolinkURLsanddiskfilestoEndNote r eferences. l LinkingaURLtoanEndNoteReference l LinkingaFiletoanEndNote R eference l SelectingaRelativePath oranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments l RemovingaLinkedFilefrom F ileAttachments l OpeningaLinkedFileorURL l FindingFullTextforaReference

Linking a URL to an EndNote Reference

Theterm"URL"standsfor"UniformResourceLocator" a ndisacommontermforthe"address"usedtoidentifythe l ocationofan itemonline.Mostoften,URLsrefertoWebpages,such a sthisexampleoftheEndNoteWebpage: //www.endnote.com URLscanalsobeusedtoidentifythelocationofFTP(FileTransfer P rotocol)sites. TolinkaURLtoareferenceinyourEndNotelibrary: 1. Select a referenceintheLibrarywindow andopenthereference.Putyour c ursorintheURLfield. 2. Type orpasteavalidURLintothefield.Twoexamples: //www.endnote.com //ftp.cuteftp.com TheURLbecomesahyperlink(blueandunderlined). FormoreinformationaboutlinkingtoaURL,seeURL ( UniformResourceLocator). Related Topics: Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference

Opening a LinkedFileorURL

Linking a File to an EndNote Reference

Youcanlinkafileonyourcomputersuchasagraphic,awordprocessing d ocument,aspreadsheet,oraPDFfiletoanEndNotereference. TheFileAttachments optionsareavailableonlywhenasinglereference i sselectedintheLibrarywindow,orwhenyouareediting areference. Note:TheFile AttachmentscommandsareavailablebothfromtheReferencesmenuandfrom t heright-click c ontext-sensitive menu. TolinkafiletotheFileAttachmentsfieldinareference: 1. SelectareferenceintheLibrarywindow, o ropenthereference. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFile A ttachments>AttachFile. 3. Onthefiledialog,selectafiletolink t otheselected(oropen)reference. 4. Notethecheckboxalongthebottomtitled, " Copythisfiletothedefaultfileattachmentsfolderandcreate arelativelink." Thisgivesyoutheoptionto: l Selectthecheckbox t ocopytheoriginalfileandplacethecopyintheDATA\PDF f olderthatispartofyourEndNote library. l DeselectthecheckboxtoalwayshaveEndNote lookintheoriginalfolderfortheinsertedfile. Formoreinformationaboutthisoption,seeSelecting a RelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments . 5. ClickOpen. EndNotewilldisplayaniconindicatingthetypeoffileinserted.You c aninsertupto45filesintothesameFileAttachmentsfield. Note:Anotherway t olinkafiletotheFileAttachments fieldistodraganddropthefile o ntothereferenceineithertheLibrarywindowortheReferencewindow. W hetherthefileissavedwiththedatabaseorislinkedwithanabsolute p athisdeterminedbythe defaultfileattachmentsetting.SeeOpenURL/PDF. Note:Inorder t omaintaincross-platformcompatibility,anyofthefollowingcharacters i nafilenamewillbereplacedbyanunderscorewhenEndNotesavesacopy o fthefileintheDATA\PDFfolderwith a relativepath. These characters are replaced with an underscore \ (back s lash) / (forward s lash) : (colon) * (asterisk) ? (question mark) " (quotation m ark) < (less t han) > (greater t han) | (vertical bar) Replacement Characters Table

TolinkafiletoanyfieldinanEndNotereference: 1. Openthereference. 2. Typeorpaste,intoanytextfield,thepathand f ilenameyouwishtolink.Forexample: file:///C:/Documents/Word%20Tips.pdf EndNotewilldisplaythefullpathtothefile.Thepathandfilename becomehyperlinkedblue,underlinedtextwhichyoucan clicktoopen t hefile. Notethatspacesinlocalfolderandfilenamesareindicatedwith"%20."

Selecting a Relative Path or an Absolute Path for File Attachments

WhenyoulinkafiletotheFileAttachmentsfieldinareference,you h avetheoptionofsavingarelativepathtothefileoranabsolutepath t othefile.

What is a Relative Path Versus an Absolute Path?

WhenyouinsertalinktoafilewiththeFileAttachments>Attach F ilecommandfromtheReferencesmenu,thefiledialog includesacheck b oxtitled,"Copythisfiletothedefaultfileattachmentsfolder a ndcreatearelativelink." Relative Path (check box selected) Whenthecheckboxisselected,EndNotemakes acopyoftheoriginalfileandplacesitintheDATA\PDFfolderthatispartof yourEndNotelibrary.Thissavesthefileasa"portablelink"thatcanmoveaspartofthelibrary.EndNotewillalways beableto accessthefile,evenwhenyoushareyourlibrarywithacolleague(alwaysincludethecompleteDATAfolderalongwiththe.ENL file).However,ifyouedittheoriginalfileonyourcomputer,thosechangeswillnotbereflectedinEndNote.Youwouldneedto clearthefilefromyourEndNotereferenceandreinsertthefile. Absolute Path (check box blank) Whenthecheckboxisblank,EndNotewillusethecompletepathand f ilenametolookintheoriginalfolderfortheinsertedfile. Thiscan b ehelpfulifyouplantoedittheoriginalfile,andyouwantthosechanges r eflectedwhenyouaccessthefilefromwithin EndNote.However,ifyou e vermovethefilefromtheoriginalfolder,EndNotewillnotbeable t oaccessitunlessyouclearthefile fromyourEndNotereferenceand r einsertitfromthenewfolderlocation.Ifyousendyourlibraryto a colleague,thefilewillnotbe available.

How Can I Tell Which Type of Path Was Used?

OpenareferencethatcontainsalinkedfileintheFileAttachmentsfield.Holdyourmousepointeroverthefileicon. l Ifthefilewaslinkedwithanabsolutelink,EndNotewilldisplayatooltipwiththefullpathandfilenameofthelinkedfile. l Ifthefilewaslinkedwitharelativepath,onlythefilenamewillappear,asacopyofthefileisstoredinthelibrarysDATA\PDF folder. Youcanalsodeterminethetypeofpathbypreviewingthe F ileAttachmentsfield.UseanoutputstylesuchasShowAllFields, which i ncludestheFileAttachmentsfield.Inthepreview,fileattachments a ppearas: Absolute Path: C:\DocumentsandSettings\AllUsers\Documents\EndNoteFilename_MyFile.PDF RelativePath: Filename_MyFile.PDF

Selecting a Default Setting for the Path

Sinceyoulikelywillwantallofyourlinkedfilestreatedthesame w ay,youcanselectadefaultsettingforthe"Copythisfileto t he defaultfileattachmentsfolderandcreatearelativelink"checkbox.Youcanchangethedefaultsetting f romthePreferences panel.SeeURLs & LinksPreferences. Youstillhavetheoptiontooverridethedefaultsettingeachtime y ouinsertafileintotheFileAttachmentsfield.

Converting Absolute Paths to Relative Paths

Ifyouareworkingwithalibrarythatwascreatedwithaversionof E ndNotepriortoversionX,allofyourexistinglinkedfilesare saved w ithabsolutepaths.Youcaneasily changeyourabsolutepathstorelative p aths,whichwillallowyoutoeasilyshareyour library,alongwithlinked f iles,withcolleagues. Toconvertabsolutepaths torelativepaths: 1. Beforeyoubegin,backupyourEndNotelibrary. T hischangecannotbereversed. 2. IntheLibrarywindow,highlightthereferences y ouwishtomodify. 3. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments >ConverttoRelativeLinks. Foreachselectedreference,EndNotelocateseachfilelinkedintothe F ileAttachmentsfieldandcopiesthosefilesintothe DATA\PDF f olderforthelibrary.

Inserting the Same File Again

Ifyoutrytoinsertalinktothesamefilenameagaininthesamereference, y ourresultsaredifferentdependingonwhetheryouare insertingfiles w itharelativepathoranabsolutepath. Relative Path:Becausetherelative pathalwayspointstothelibrarysDATA\PDF f older,amessagewillwarnyouthatyoucannotinsertthesamefileagain w iththesamename.Youhavetheoptiontoeitherreplacethecurrent l inkorgivethenewlylinked fileanewname. Absolute Path:Becauseyoucould h aveseveralabsolutepathspointingtothesamefilenameindifferent f olders,itispossibleto linktothesamefilenamenumeroustimes.When y ouholdyourmousepointerovereachfileiconintheFileAttachments f ield,the tooltipwilldisplaythefull pathandfilename. Related Topics: ConvertReferenceManagerDatabasetoEndNote FileAttachments LinkingaFiletoanEndNoteReference LinkingaURLtoanEndNoteReference OpeningaLinkedFileorURL URLs&LinksPreferences RemovingaLinkedFilefromFileAttachments SavingaCopyofanAttachedFile

Saving a Copy of an Attached File

Whetheranattachedfileissavedwitharelativepathinalibrarys D ATA\PDFfolder,orwithanabsolutepath t oaspecificlocation,youcansaveacopyoftheattachedfiletoany l ocation. Tosaveacopyofanattachedfilefromanopenreference:

1. Openandviewthereference. 2. ScrolltotheFileAttachments fieldandhighlight t hefileiconforthefileyouwanttocopy. 3. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments andthenSaveAs.Orusetheright-click m enutoselectFileAttachmentsandthenSaveAs. 4. Usethefiledialogtoselectafolder,entera f ilename,andSavethefile. Tosaveacopyofanattachedfilefromareferencelist: 1. Highlightthereferenceinthelist. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments andthenSaveAs.Orusetheright-click m enutoselectFileAttachmentsandthenSaveAs. 3. Usethefiledialogtoselectafolder,entera f ilename,andSavethefile. Note:Fromareference l ist,ifmorethanonefileisattachedtothereference,onlythefirst o neissavedtodisk. Related Topics: FileAttachments LinkingaFiletoanEndNoteReference LinkingaURLtoanEndNoteReference OpeningaLinkedFileorURL URLs&LinksPreferences RemovingaLinkedFilefromFileAttachments SelectingaRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments

Removing a Linked File from File Attachments

Beforeyouremovealinkedfile,pleasemakesureyouhaveabackup o ftheoriginalfile.Thisprocesscannotbeundone. ToremovealinkedfilefromtheFileAttachmentsfield: 1. Openthereferenceforediting. 2. ScrolltotheFileAttachments fieldandhighlight t hefileiconyouwishtoremove. Note: Y oucanholdyourmousepointeroverthefileiconintheFileAttachments f ieldtodisplaythepathandfilenameof thelinkedfile. 3. FromtheEditmenu,selectClear. Ifthefilewaslinkedwithanabsolutepath,theFileAttachmentsfield n olongerpointstothefile.Theoriginalfileremainsintact. Ifthefilewaslinkedwitharelativepath,thatfileisdeletedfrom t helibrarysDATA\PDFfolder,andthe FileAttachmentsfieldno longerpointstoit.Youwillnotbeableto r einsertthelinkunlessyouhavetheoriginalfilestoredelsewhereon y ourcomputer.

Opening a Linked File or URL

Onceavalid,hyperlinkURLorpathandfilenameappearinareference, y oucanopenthereferenceandclickthehyperlinktextor icontoopen t helinkedURLorfile.

Or,fromtheReferencesmenu,usetheURL>OpenURLorFileAttachments > OpenFilecommandtolookspecificallyinthe URLfieldorFileAttachments f ieldtoopentheInternetsiteorlinkedfile. Youmusthavethenecessaryprograminstalledonyourcomputerinorder f orEndNotetoopenafilecreatedbyanotherprogram. Forexample,to openaPDFfile,youmusthaveAdobeAcrobat,AdobeAcrobatReader,or a notherprogramthatcanreadPDF filesinstalledonyourcomputer. Similarly,EndNotedoesnotincludeaWebbrowser.Ifyoudonotalready h aveabrowserinstalled,youwillneedtoinstallone beforeusingthis f eaturetoopenalinktoaWebsite.

Using the Open Link and Open File Commands

TheURL>OpenURL (Ctrl+G)andFileAttachments>OpenFile(Ctrl+Alt+P)commandsontheReferencesmenucanbeused tolaunchaURLoropenalinkedfileenteredintoanEndNotereferenceunderthefollowingconditions: l WhenjustonereferenceisselectedintheLibrary w indow,theOpenURLcommandopensthefirstURLthatislistedin thatreferencesURLfield.TheOpenFilecommandopensthefirst l inkedfilethatislistedinthatreferencesFileAttachmentsfield. l Whenmultiplereferencesareselected,EndNote c heckstheURLorFileAttachmentsfieldineachoftheselectedreferences ( intheorderlisted),andopens thefirstlinkitfinds. l Ifyouneedtoentermultiplelinksintothe U RLfieldofonereference,enterthemoneperline.EndNotewill o penthefirst linkinthefieldwhenyouselectOpenURLorOpen File.Ifyouhavemultiplelinks,youcanclickonanyoneofthem t oactivatethelink.(WerecommendthatyouentermultipleURLson s eparatelines.However,ifmorethanoneURLisentered onasingle l ine,separatedbysemicolons,holddowntheAlt k eywhileyouclickontheURLyouwishtoopen.) To open a linked file or Internet site from the URL field: Youcouldopenthereferenceandclickonthehyperlinkfoundinthe U RLfield.Or, 1. SelectoropenareferenceintheLibrarywindow. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectURL>Open U RL(Ctrl+G). TheOpenURLcommandopensthelinkedURLwithyourdefaultbrowser, o ropensalinkedfilewiththeappropriateprogram. ToopenalinkedfilefromtheFileAttachmentsfield: Youcouldopenthereferenceandclickonthefileiconfoundinthe F ileAttachments field.Or, 1. SelectoropenareferenceintheLibrarywindow. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFileAttachments >OpenFile(Ctrl+Alt+P). TheOpenFilecommandopensthelinkedfilewiththeappropriateprogram. Ifthefilewaslinkedwitharelativepath,EndNotelooksinthelibrary's D ATA\PDFfoldertofindthefile.Ifthe f ilewaslinkedwith anabsolutepath,EndNotelooksforthefileinthe o riginalfolderfromwhichitwasinserted. Note:Pleasesee S electingaRelativePath o ranAbsolutePathforFileAttachmentsforinformationaboutthe difference betweenafilelinkedwitharelativepathandafilelinked w ithanabsolutepath. Related Topics: Finding F ullTextforaReference Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference

Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference

Spell Checking
Spell Checking
TobeginusingEndNotesspellchecker, y oumusthaveanopenrecordastheactivewindow.Iftheactivewindow d oesnotdisplayanopenrecord,thespellcheckcommandisdisabled. Iftextishighlightedintheactiverecord,thatselectionischecked f irst,andthenyouarepromptedtochecktherestoftherecord. Ifthere a reotheropenrecords,youarethenpromptedtocheckthoserecords. EndNotesspellcheckercancheckspellingaccuracyinallfields except t heAuthorfields (Author,SecondaryAuthor,Tertiary Author,Subsidiary A uthor,andTranslatedAuthor)andtheURL,Figure,andFileAttachments f ields.

Starting Spell Check

Tostart s pellchecking: 1. Opentherecord(s)youwishtocheck. 2. (Optional)If y ouwanttocheckonlyaportionofthetext,highlightonlythat t ext. 3. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSpellCheck. Note:Theseareotherwaystostartspellchecking: r ight-clickthemouseandselectSpellCheckfromthemenu,orclickthe SpellChecktoolbarbutton. 4. IfEndNotefinds a wordthatisnotfoundintheselecteddictionaries,itdisplays a CheckSpellingdialog. TheCheckSpellingdialogworksjustlikeaspellcheckerinaword p rocessor.Foracompletedescriptionofeachbuttononthe CheckSpelling dialog,clicktheHelpbutton.

Spell Check Options and Dictionaries

YoucanaccessSpellCheckOptions a ndDictionariesintwoways: l From t heEditmenu,selectPreferences.Atthebottomoftheleft c olumn,clickSpellCheck.AnOptionsbuttonandaDictionariesbutton a ppear. l StartSpellCheck.WhenEndNotedetectsamisspelled w ord,theSpellCheckdialogappears.AnOptionsbuttonanda Dictionaries b uttonareavailableonthedialog. ForinformationabouttheSpellCheckOptions a ndDictionariespreferences,includingalistofdictionariessupplied w ithEndNote,seeSpellCheckPreferences.

Changing Text in References

Change Fields
TheChangeFieldstaballowsyoutochangethecontentsofafieldforthereferences t hatare"showing"intheLibrarywindow. Caution:YoucannotundotheChangeFieldsoperation.Onceyouperformthisoperation,EndNotechangesthedatainthe selectedfieldinallthereferencesinthecurrentLibrarywindow.Werecommendthatyoumakeabackupcopyofyourlibrary beforemakingchanges. Tochangethecontentsofafield:

1. Determinewhichreferencesyouwantto m odify.MakesureonlythosereferencesareshowingintheLibrary w indow.Considerbackingupyourlibrarybeforemakinganychanges. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectChange/ M ove/CopyFieldstodisplaytheChangeFieldstab. 3. Fromthe"SelectaField"list,selectthefield t hatyouwanttomodify. 4. Selectoneofthefollowingoptions: l Insert after fields textappendstextattheendofthechosenfield.Itdoesnot m odifythetextalreadyinthe field. Bydefault,whenyouselectthisoption,the"Includeaspacebeforethenewtext"check b oxisselectedat thebottomofthedialog,toinsertaspacebetween t heexistingtextandthenewtext. l Insert before fields textinserts t hetextatthebeginningofthechosenfield.Itdoesnotmodify t extthatis alreadyinthefield. Bydefault,whenyouselectthisoption,the"Includeaspaceafterthenewtext"check b oxisselectedatthe bottomofthedialog,toinsertaspacebetween t henewtextandtheexistingtext. l Replace whole field withreplaces t heentirecontentsofthefieldwiththetextenteredinthetext b ox. l Clear field d eletestheentirecontents o fthechosenfield.Youcannotentertextinthe t extbox. l Change Case appliesnewcaseformattingtotheentirecontentsofafield.Optionsinclude:Sentencecase,lowercase,UPPERCASE,EveryWord,andtOGGLEcASE.Youcannotentertextintheinthetextbox. 5. Inthetextbox,typethetextthatyouwanttoaddtothefield. ToenteraCarriageReturnorTabinthetextbox,usethe InsertSpecial b utton. 6. Select(highlight)thetextthatyouenteredinthetextbox,andthenselectafontstyle:Bold,Italics,Underline,Plain,Superscript,Subscript,orSymbolFont.Thisfieldisoptional. 7. ClicktheOKButton.EndNotewillask y outoconfirmthechanges.ThedialogEndNotepresentsprovidesthis i nformation: l Howmanyreferenceswillbechanged l Thelibraryinwhichthechangeswillbemade l Thetypeofchangethatwillbemade 8. ClickOKtocontinuewiththechangesorclick C anceltocanceltheoperation. Related Topics: FindandReplace Changing T extinReferences Common U sesforFindandReplaceText,ChangeField,andMoveField Move/CopyFields

Changing Text in References

Globaleditingcommandsmakeiteasytokeepyourreferencedataconsistent.

l TheFindandReplacecommandisavailablefromtheEditmenu l TheChange/Move/Copy Fieldscommand isavailablefromtheToolsmenu. TheFindandReplacecommandsearchesfortext i nyourlibrary,andeitherdeletesthattextorreplacesitwithother t extthatyou specify.TheChangeFields c ommandmodifiesanyfieldinyourlibrarybyeitherinsertingtextat t hebeginningorendofthefield, replacingallcontentsofthefield w ithdifferenttext,ordeletingthecontentsofthefield.TheMove/Copy Fieldscommandmoves theentirecontentsofafieldtoadifferent f ield. Note:Besurethat y ouhaveacurrentbackupofyourlibrary;theseoperationscannotbe u ndonewiththeUndocommand. Related Topics: Common U sesforFindandReplace,ChangeField,andMoveField Entering R eferences Modifying Terms

Common Uses for Find and Replace, Change Field, and Move Field
Correcting consistently misspelled words or names. UsetheFindandReplacecommandfromtheEditmenutosearchforthemisspelledtermandreplaceitwith t hecorrectspelling. Updating authors names. Theremaybevariationsofanauthorsnameinyourdata.Forexample, " JoeCool","JoeA.Cool","J.A.Cool.", a ndsoon.Since somestylespreferwholenamesandothers abbreviated f irstandmiddlenames,itisbesttoupdatenamestofullnamesand leave t heworkofabbreviatingtotheEndNotestyles. Marking the result of a search for easy retrieval. Ifyouhavedevelopedacomplexsearchtolocateasetofreferences, useChangeFieldstoaddauniquekeywordtothosereferences,sothat t henexttimeyouwanttoretrievethatset,youcanjustsearchforthe k eyword. Cleaning up your keywords. YoucanaddakeywordtoagroupofreferencesusingChangeFields. U seFindandReplacetoreplaceatermwithanewone.If thereisakeyword t hatyounolongerwantinyourreferences,useFindandReplacetosearch f orthattextandreplaceitwithnothing,therebydeletingit(youmight alsowanttoopenyourtermlistanddeleteitfromtheresothatyou d onotusethattermagain). Dating or labeling a set of imported references. Itcanbeusefultoaddthedateorsourceofdatatoabatchofnewly i mportedreferences.Onlytheimportedreferencesare"showing" intheLibrarywindowafterimporting.Atthispoint,useChangeFields t oaddawordorphrasetoanyfieldinjustthosereferences. Moving fields of information in a set of imported references. MaybeyourimportfilterorconnectionfileconsistentlysentNoteinformation t otheAbstractfield.UsetheMoveFieldsoptionto cutallinformationfromthe A bstractfieldandmoveitintotheNotesfield.Dontforgettoupdateyourfilterorconnectionfilesoit directsinformation t othecorrectfieldnexttime! Related Topics:

ChangeFields Changing T extinReferences FindandReplace Move/CopyFields

Move / Copy Fields

TheMove/CopyFieldstaballows youtomoveandcopyfielddata.Bothcommandsapplytoall o fthereferences t hatare"showing"intheselectedLibrarygroup. l TheMoveFields optionallowsyoutomovetheentirecontentsofonefieldto a notherfieldwithinareference.Alldata, includinganyformattingthatyouappliedtothe s ourcefield,ismovedtothedestinationfield. Caution:You c annotundothe M oveoperation.Onceyouperformthisoperation,EndNoteremovesthesource f ieldfrom allthereferencesintheLibrarywindow.Werecommendthatyou m akeabackupcopyofyourlibrary b eforemaking changes. l TheCopyoptionallowsyoutocopytheentirecontentsofonefieldtoanother f ieldwithinareference.Boththesourcefield andthedestinationfieldwill c ontainthesamedata.Alldataretainsanyformattingthatyou appliedto t hesourcefieldand tothedestinationfield. Note:TheMove/CopyFieldsfeatureisusefulwhenyouwantto m oveorcopyfielddatainasetofimported/exportedreferencesfromanonline d atabase. Tomove/copythecontentsofonefieldtoanother: 1. Determinewhichreferencesyouwanttomodify.Selectagroup a ndmakesureonlythosereferencesareshowinginthe Librarywindow. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selecttheChange/Move/CopyFields command. 3. ClicktheMove/CopyFieldstab. 4. Inthedialogthatappears: Selectthe"MoveField"radiobuttontomoveinformationto a notherfield. Selectthe"CopyField"radiobuttontocopyinformationto a notherfield. 5. Usethe"From"listtoselectthesourcefieldfromwhichyouwanttomove orcopythedata. 6. Usethe"To"listtoselectthedestination f ieldtowhereyouwanttomoveorcopythedata. 7. Selectoneofthefollowingoptions: l Insertafterfield'stext(thedefaultoption) l Insertbeforefield'stext l Replaceentirefield 8. ClickOKtomove o rcopythedatafromonefieldtoanotherfieldwithineachreferencethatis c urrentlyshowinginthe Librarywindow.ClickCanceltostoptheoperation. WhenusingtheMoveoption,youhavethechoiceofinsertingthemovedtextbeforeorafterthedatainthedestinationfieldor replacingtheentirecontentsofthedestinationfield.Inthelattercase,youhavetheadditionaloptionofwhetherornottomove emptyfields.Ifyouclear"Dontmoveemptyfields,"checkbox,thenanyreferencewithanemptyoriginatingfielddeletesthecon-

tentsofthecorrespondingdestinationfield(andtherebymakingitemptyaswell).Ifthisoptionisturnedon,thecontentsofthe destinationfieldwillnotbedeletediftheoriginatingfieldisempty. Related Topics: ChangeFields FindandReplace Changing T extinReferences CommonUses f orFindandReplace,ChangeField,andMoveField

Find and Replace

UsetheFindandReplacecommandtofindtextinyourreferencesandreplace i twithothertext.Changescanberestrictedtoa particularfieldin y ourreferences.YoucanalsoapplyMatchCaseandMatchWordsrestrictions. Caution:TheUndo c ommandcannotbeusedtoundotheresultsoftheFindandReplacecommand. M akesureyouhavea backupbeforemakingchanges. Tochangeanytextinyourreferences: 1. DecidewhichreferencesyouwantEndNote t oscanwhenitlooksfortexttochange.Makesureonlythosereferences are showingintheLibrarywindow.Usethefollowingcommandstocontrol w hichreferencesareshowing:ShowAllReferences,HideSelectedReferences, ShowSelectedReferences,orSearchLibrary. 2. FromtheEditmenu,selectFindandReplace. 3. FromtheSelectaFieldlist,selectthe f ieldtobesearched 4. Inthe"Find"textbox,type t hetextyouwishtochange. ToenteraCarriageReturnorTabinthetextbox,usetheInsert Special b utton(Alt+S). 5. ChangetheMatchCaseorMatchWordssettings ifnecessary. Bydefault,theMatchWordsoptionisalwaysselected.Ifyouchange t hissetting,paycloseattentiontowhetherornotthe termyouare c hangingcouldappearaspartofanotherwordorinadifferentcontext dependingonthecapitalization. 6. Inthe"Replacewith" t extbox,typethetextthatshouldreplacetheoriginaltext.Toenter a CarriageReturnorTabinthe textbox,usetheInsertSpecialbutton ( Alt+S). 7. SelecttheRetainCapitalizationoption t omaintainthesamecapitalizationasthetextbeingreplaced. RetainCapitalizationshouldbeselectedifreplacingatermthatmight a ppearwithdifferentcapitalization.Forexample, anywordmayhave i tsfirstlettercapitalizedifitisthefirstwordinatitle,but m ayalsoappearinalllowercaseinother places.DonotselectRetain C apitalizationifyouarereplacinganacronymwithitsunabbreviatedversion. 8. ClicktheChangebuttontosearchtheselectedreferences f orthespecifiedtextandreplaceitwiththenewtext.Before replacing anytext,EndNotedisplaysadialogandpresentsprovidesthis i nformation: l Whichreferencesweresearched l Whattextwillbereplaced l Howmanyreferenceswerefoundtoincludethe t extinthespecifiedfield

l Whattextwillreplaceit 9. ClickOKifallofthoseitemsarecorrect.EndNote r eplacesthetextanddisplaysthenumberofreferencesthatwere changed. To globally change a reference type: Youcaneasilychangeareferencetypeofasinglereferencebyselecting t hatreferenceandgoingtotheReferencewindow.In thetoolbar,open t heReferenceTypemenu,andthenselecttheneededreferencetype.When y oureturntotheLibrarywindow, theRefTypecolumnwillshowthenew r eferencetypethatyouselected Thefollowinginstructionsmaybeusedtochangethereferencetype f orall referencestoanother r eferencetype. 1. GototheLibrarywindowandclickthe R efTypecolumnheadingtosortallreferencetypesofthesametype. 2. DecidewhichreferencetypeyouwantEndNote t ochange.MakesureonlythosereferencesareshowingintheLibrary w indowthatyouwanttochange.Usethefollowingcommandstocontrol w hichreferencesareshowing:ShowAllReferences, HideSelectedReferences, S howSelectedReferences,orSearchLibrary. 3. FromtheEditmenu,selectFindandReplace. 4. FromtheSelectaFieldlist,selectthe R eferenceTypeoptionthatappearsatthebottomofthelist.Itis t helastoptionin thelist. 5. Inthe"Searchfor"box,type t hereferencetypethatyouwanttochange. 6. ChangetheMatchCaseorMatchWordssettings ifnecessary. Bydefault,theMatchWordsoptionisalwaysselected.Ifyouchange t hissetting,paycloseattentiontowhetherornotthe termyouare c hangingcouldappearaspartofanotherword(forexample,Newspaper A rticle). 7. Inthe"Changethetextto:" b ox,typethereferencetypethatshouldreplacetheoriginalreference t ype. 8. SelecttheRetainCapitalizationoption t omaintainthesamecapitalizationasthetextbeingreplaced. 9. ClickChangetosearchthereferencetypes f orthespecifiedtextandreplaceitwiththenewtext.Beforereplacing a nyreferencetype,EndNotehasyouverifythechange.Thedialog E ndNotepresentsprovidesthisinformation: l Whichreferencesweresearched l Whatreferencetypewillbereplaced l Howmanyreferenceswerefoundofthespecified r eferencetype. l Whatreferencetypewillreplaceit 10. ClickOKifallofthoseitemsarecorrect. E ndNotereplacesthereferencetypeanddisplaysthenumberofreferences t hat werechanged.

Important Points About the Find and Replace Command

l TheFindandReplaceTextcommandappliesonlytothe r eferencesshowingintheLibrarywindow. l WhenusingFindandReplace,thenewtextdoesnotadopt t hetextstyleofthetextbeingreplaced. Forexample,ifyou replaceanitalicizedwordorphrase,thenewtextwill notbeitalicized.Inthisinstance,EndNotechangesthetexttothe currentstyle(forexample,PlainTextandPlainSize). l Ifyouneedtosearchfortextandthendelete i t,simplyleavethe"Changethetextto"boxempty.

l WhenusingtheRetainCapitalizationoption, EndNotemaintainsALLCAPITALLETTERSand"Sentencestyle" c apitalization.Itwillnotrecognize"HeadlineStyle." I fthefirstletterofthetexttobereplacedislowercase,thereplacement textwillbecapitalizedexactlyasitwasenteredinthedialog. l ToenteraCarriageReturnorTabinthetext box,usetheInsertSpecialbutton. Related Topics: ChangeFields Changing T extinReferences Common U sesforFindandReplace,ChangeField,andMoveField Move/CopyFields

Searching Online Databases

Introduction to Searching Online Databases
Introduction to Searching Online Databases
UsingEndNotesOnlineSearchcommands,youcansearchonlinebibliographic d atabasesjustaseasily asyoucansearchan EndNotelibraryonyour o wncomputer.Theresultsofyoursearchescanbedownloadedeitherto atemporaryEndNotelibraryor directlyintoyourownEndNotelibrary. How Does It Work? EndNoteisabletoprovideaccesstotheseremotesourcesusinganinformation r etrievalprotocolcalledZ39.50iswidely s upportedbylibrariesandinformationprovidersaroundtheworldasa c onvenientmethodtoaccess theirlibrarycatalogsandreference d atabases. EndNotestorestheinformationnecessarytoconnecttoand s earchthese o nlinedatabasesinindividualconnection files.Preconfigured c onnectionfilesareprovidedforanumberofthesesources.Ifnecessary, y oucanalsocustomizeorconfigureyour ownconnections toZ39.50-compliant d atabases(seeEditingaConnectionFileandCreatingConnectionFiles). Note:Iftheonline d atabasethatyouaccessisnotavailableonaZ39.50server,EndNote w illnotbeabletoconnectdirectlyto it.Wesuggestthatyousubmit arequestforZ39.50compatibilitytoyourlibrarianortheinstitution t hatprovidesaccesstothe database.Youcanstillimportreferences d ownloadedfromnon-Z39.50databases.SeeGeneral I mportingInstructions. Related Topics: Establishing t heConnection How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences What EndNoteSearchingOffers

What EndNote's Searching Offers

EndNotessearchinterfaceprovidesasimplewaytodobasicsearches onEndNotelibrariesandonlinedatabases.Thesame Searchpanelisused f orbothpurposes. Thissearchinterfaceisnotintendedtoreplacetheadvancedsearch o ptionsthatmaybeavailableusingthesearchinterface offeredbyyour i nformationprovider.Theremaybetimeswhenyouwanttousetheinformation p roviderssearchinterface(for example,totakeadvantageofathesaurus o fsearchterms)andthenimportthosereferencesintoEndNote.Thisis s tillanoption usingEndNotesImportcommand(seeImporting R eferenceDataintoEndNote).Butonceyouknowthetermsthatyou w antto useinyoursearches,beingabletoretrievethenecessaryreferences directlyfromEndNoteisaveryfastandefficientapproach. Related Topics: Establishing t heConnection Introduction t oSearchingOnlineDatabases How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences

How to Search an Online Database

Theprocessofsearchinganonlinedatabaseisverysimilartosearching a nEndNotelibrary.Herearethebasicstepsinvolved; moredetaileddescriptions o fthesestepsareprovidedinadditionalhelptopics.

First, Choose Integrated or Online Search Mode YoucandownloadfoundreferencesdirectlyintoanexistingEndNote l ibrary(withIntegratedMode)orintoatemporarylibrary (withOnline S earchmode). Usingatemporarylibraryishelpfulifyouwanttoexperimentwith p otentialsearchstrategies,orrefineasearchstrategy.Youcan retrieve b atchesofreferences withoutaffectingyourpermanentlibrary,andthen c opyonlyselectedreferencesintoyourpermanentlibrary. Tosavereferencesdirectlyintoyourlibrary: 1. OpentheEndNotelibrarythatwillreceivethe d ownloadedreferences. 2. Atthefarleftofthetoolbar,makesure I ntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearchModeisselected(theicon o ntheleft),sothatall commandsandgroupsareavailable.

Whenyoudownloadreferencesfromtheonlinedatabase,theywillbe s avedtotheopenlibrary(thelibrarynameappearsatthe topofthe w indow).Ifyoudownloadreferencesthatyoufindyoudonotwant,you m ustdeletethemfromthelibrary. Tostorereferencesinatemporarylibrary: 1. CreateanewEndNotelibraryoropenanyexisting l ibrary. 2. Onthetoolbar,selectOnlineSearchMode(the i conontheright),sothatonlyOnlineSearchgroups andcommands a re available.

Whenyoudownloadreferencesfromtheonlinedatabase,theywillbe s toredinatemporarylibrary(ratherthanalibraryname,the topof t hewindowindicatesOnlineMode).Inordertosavereferencespermanently, y oumustuseeithertheReferences>Copy Referencestocommandto c opyselectedreferencestoaneworexistinglibraryortheCopytoLocal Libraryiconfromthetoolbar. Whenyouclosethetemporarylibrary,all r eferencesinitwillbelost. IfyouinitiateanonlinesearchwhileinLocalLibraryMode,thedisplay w illautomaticallyswitchtoOnlineSearchMode. Then, Search and Download References Tosearchandretrievereferencesfromaonlinedatabase: 1. Initiatetheonlinesearchinoneofthesetwo w ays: l FromtheToolsmenu,selectOnlineSearchto displaythefullcollectionofconnectionfiles.Or,click"more" u nderthe OnlineSearchgroups.)Selecttheonlinedatabasethatyou w ouldliketosearch,andthenclickChoose.SeeSelecting a ConnectionFile.) Whentheconnectionhasbeenestablished,theSearchpanelappears readyforyoutoenterasearch. l Onceyouhavesearchedanonlinedatabase,or markedthedatabaseasafavoritewiththeConnectionManager,it appearsinanOnlineSearchlistintheGroupspaneloftheLibrary w indow.(SeePickingYour F avoriteConnectionFiles.)

IntheOnlineSearchlist,clickonthedatabaseyouwishtosearch. E ndNoteconnectstotheonlinedatabaseanddisplays theSearchpanel. 2. Enteryoursearchrequestinthesearchfields ontheSearchpanel, a ndthenclickSearch. EndNotesearchesthedatabaseanddisplaysthenumberofreferences t hatwerefoundtomatchyoursearchcriteria. 3. ClickOKtoretrievethereferences. Ifyouwouldliketopauseduringrecordretrieval,clickOptionsand s electPause.Whenyouarereadytocontinue,click Optionsandselect R esume. Note:Theconnection t otheonlinedatabaseismaintainedonlyuntilthesearchiscompleted a ndthematchingreferencesare retrieved;whenthereferences aredownloaded, y ouareautomaticallydisconnected.Eachtimeyouinitiateanothersearch, E ndNotereconnects. Next, Determine Which References to Keep If you are working in Integrated Library & Online Search Mode: AllreferencesarealreadysavedtothecurrentEndNotelibrary,andaredisplayedinagroupunderOnlineSearch. Ifyoudecideyoudonotwanttokeepanyoftheretrievedreferences,displaythegroupofreferencesandclickinthelist,gotothe EditmenuandSelectAll,andthengototheReferencesmenuandselectMoveReferencestoTrash. YoucanalsohighlightindividualreferencesandselectReferences>MoveReferencestoTrash.(YoucanuseCtrl+click to selectnon-contiguousreferencesinthelist, oruseShift+clicktoselectarangeofreferences.) If you are working in Online Search Mode: Theretrievedreferencesarestoredinatemporarylibrary. R atherthanalibrarynameatthetopofthewindow,EndNotedisplays OnlineMode. Tosavealloftheretrievedreferences,clickinthelist o freferences,gototheEditmenuandSelectAll,andthendooneof t hese: l GototheReferencesmenuandselectCopyReferences t oinordertoselectaneworexistinglibraryandcopythehighlighted r eferencestothatselectedlibrary l Or,clicktheCopytoLocalLibraryiconon t hetoolbartoquicklycopythehighlightedreferencestothecurrently a ctive library Youcouldalsohighlightonlyindividual r eferencesbeforecopyingthemtoanEndNotelibrary. (UseCtrl+click toselectnon-contiguousreferencesinthelist,oruse S hift+clicktoselectarangeofreferences.) Thereferencesarecopiedtotheselectedlibraryandare d isplayedinaCopiedReferencesgroup.Eachtimeyoucopyreferences intoanEndNotelibrary,theCopiedReferencesgroupisreplacedwith t henewsetofreferences.Previouslycopiedreferences remaininthe l ibrary;theyarejustnolongerpartofthelatestCopiedReferences g roup. AnotherwaytosavereferencesdownloadedinOnlineSearch M odeistousetheCopyandPastecommandsfromtheEditmenu tocopy i ndividualreferencesfromOnlineSearchModeandthenpastetheminto L ocalLibraryMode.

Leave Online Search mode in one of these ways: l ClickonLocalLibrarymode,whichleaves Online S earchModeintact.Youcanswitchbetweenthesetwomodeswithout losingthecurrentOnlineSearchdata. l ClickonIntegratedMode.Thisclosesthecurrent OnlineSearchModesession.AnyreferencesinOnlineSearchModeare discarded,somakesureyoufirstcopyreferencesyouwanttokeep i ntoyourpermanentlibrary. l Clickthecornerclosebutton.Thisclosesthe e ntireEndNotelibrary(allmodes).AnyreferencesinOnlineSearch Modeare discarded,somakesureyoufirstcopyreferencesyouwant t okeepintoyourpermanentlibrary. Related Topics: Discarding D uplicateReferences Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases Introduction t oConnectionFiles Retrieving a ndSavingReferences Using Z 39.50Command-LineSyntax What EndNoteSearchingOffers What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Selecting a Connection File

Selecting a Connection File
Beforeanonlinesourcemaybesearched,youmustfirstconnecttoit byselectingthecorrespondingconnection file.Theconnection f iletellsEndNotewhichonlinedatabaseyouwanttosearch,whereto f inditonline,andwhatsearchoptionsareavailable forit.

Access- Restricted Databases

EndNotecomeswithpre-configuredconnectionfilestofreereference d atabasesandlibrarycatalogsaswellasdatabasesthat requirepayment a nd/orauthenticationforaccess.Mostofthedatabasesofferedbythe c ommercialinformationproviders(Ovid, OCLC,DIMDI,SilverPlatter,andsoon)requireanaccountforaccess.Thereare,however,numerousdatabasesthatareavailableatnocosttoyou,andnoaccountisrequired(seeFreeDatabases) Note:Togainaccess t oarestricteddatabase,youwillneedtocontacttheinformationprovider d irectlytosetupanaccount. ThomsonReutersdoesnotcontrolaccess t oanyofthesources. Whenyouattempttoconnecttoarestricteddatabase,bydefaultEndNote p romptsyoutoenteryouruserIDand/orpassword.If youhaveauser I Dand/orpasswordsuppliedbythedataproviderthathoststherestricted d atabase,simplyenterthenecessary information,andclickOKtolog o n.(Dependingonthedatabaseyouareaccessing,thepasswordsandIDsmaybecase-sensitive.) IfyoudonothaveauserIDand/orpassword,butinsteadhaveauthenticatedaccesstoadatabaseeitherbyIPaddressrecognition(forexample,yourcomputerisonyouruniversitycampus orcompanynetworkandhasanIPaddressthatisrecognized asauthenticatedbythedataprovidersserver)orthroughaproxyserver,itmaybepossibletoconfiguretheconnectionfileand yourNetworkPreferencessothatyoudonotneedtoenterauserIDandpassword. IfyouhaveaccesstoarestricteddatabasebyIP addressrecognition,youmayneedtoedittheconnectionfilesothat itdoesnot promptyouforauserIDand/orpassword.InEndNote,select E dit C onnectionFiles OpenConnectionManager.Locatethe

connection f ileforthedatabaseyouwishtoaccess,selectit,andclickEdit.Click C onnectionSettingsandcleartheUserIDand Passwordboxesunder"LoginInformationRequired."SelectSavefromtheFilemenutosaveyourchanges,andthenclosethe connectionfile. Ifyouhaveaccesstoarestricteddatabaseviaaproxyserver,you m ustmakesurethatyourInternet s ettingsareproperlyconfigured,becauseEndNoteuses t hesesettings.SeeProblems C onnectingforinformationaboutproxyservers.Youwillneedthe addressandportnumberofyourproxyserver. Related Topics: FreeDatabases Picking Y ourFavoriteConnectionFiles How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences What EndNoteSearchingOffers What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Free Databases
Twomajordatabasesthatdonot requirepasswordsarethePubMeddatabasefromtheU.S.NationalLibraryof M edicine,andthe LibraryofCongress.Manyofthegenerallibrarycatalogs a realsounrestricted.Additionalconnectionsmaybeavailableatthe EndNoteWebsite(http://www.endnote.com/support/). Databases Not Requiring an Account Description Information Provider/Category PubMed ( MEDLINEandpre- NLM MEDLINE) r eferencesfromthe NationalLibraryofMedicine Most universitylibrarycatLibrary C atalogs alogs Books a ttheLibraryofCon- Library o fCongress gress Accounts Table Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Picking Y ourFavoriteConnectionFiles How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences What EndNoteSearchingOffers What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Picking Your Favorite Connection Files

EndNoteprovideshundredsofconnectionfiles foravarietyofsources.Toperusethelistofavailableconnectionfiles,selectConnectionFilesfromtheEditmenu,andselectOpenConnectionManager.Thelistincludestheoriginalconnectionfilesinstalledin

theEndNoteprogramfolder(ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections )aswellasanyusercreatedoreditedfilesstoredinyour personalConnections folder(seeFolderLocationsPreferences). Whenyouhavefoundaconnectionfilethatyouwillwanttouseinthefuture,clickthecheckboxtotheleftofittomarkitasa favorite.Allmarkedfiles(upto500)appearundertheOnlineSearchsectionintheGroupspaneloftheLibrarywindow,givingyou easyaccesstothosefilesyouusemostoften.Thisstepisnotrequired;youcanalwayschoosetheOnlineSearchcommand,or themoreitemunderOnlineSearchintheGroupspanel,topickaconnectionfilethatisnotlistedintheGroupspanel. UsethefollowingfeaturesintheConnectionManagerwindowtolocate t heconnectionfile(s)thatyouwanttouse: l TypeadatabasenameintotheQuick Searchtext b oxandpressEntertosearch f oraconnectionfilebythenameofthe database. l ClickFindByandEndNotedisplaysthelist o finformationproviders(categories)usedforalloftheconnection f iles.Select onetorestrictthelisttoshowjustthatsetoffiles. T hatwillhelpyoutofindtheoneyouwant,orselectMarkAllto m arkup to500connectionfilesinthesubset. l Clickthecolumnheadingstosorttheconnection f ilesbynameorbyinformationprovider.Clickingthesamecolumn h eadingasecondtimewillchangethesortorderfromascendingto d escending.Clickagaintosetitbacktoascendingorder. l Ifyouknowthenameoftheconnectionfile t hatyouwanttouse,youmaystarttypingitandthefirstfilethat m atcheswhat youtypewillbeselected. l ClicktheMoreInfotrianglebuttonatthebottom ofthedialogtodisplayadditionalinformationabouttheselected c onnectionfile. Note:Forinformation a bouteditingconnectionfilesorcreatingnewones,seeIntroduction t oConnectionFiles. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences What EndNoteSearchingOffers What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

What if Your Database Is Not Listed?

Bydefault,EndNoteinstallsonlythemostpopularconnectionfiles. F orinformationaboutlocatingandinstallingadditionalfiles, seeInstalling AdditionalConnectionFiles. Ifaconnectionfilehasnotbeenprovidedforthedatabasethatyou w anttosearch,contactyourlibrarianorinformationproviderto see i ftheirdatabaseisavailableonaZ39.50server.Ifitis,youshould r equesttheinformationrequiredtosetupaZ39.50client forthatdatabase. S eeCreatingConnection F iles. Adding Connection Files TheConnectionManagerdisplaysalloftheconnectionfilesintheEndNote programfolderaswellasinyourpersonalConnectionsfolder.Ifyou h avereceivedaconnectionfilefromacolleagueorlibrarianordownloaded onefromtheWeb,copyitinto yourpersonalConnections folderandit w illappearintheConnectionManager.Keepingthefileinyourpersonal C onnections folderensuresthatitwillnotbedeletedoroverwritten w ithfutureupdatestotheEndNoteprogram. TolocateyourpersonalConnections folder,ortodesignatea d ifferentConnectionsfolder:

1. SelectPreferencesfromtheEditmenu. 2. SelecttheFolderLocationsoption. 3. SelecttheConnectionFolderoption. 4. ClickSelectFolder. 5. GototheConnectionsfolderandselect t heconnectionfilesthatyouwanttouse. 6. Withthefolderopenandselected,Openthefolder a ndthenclickSelect. 7. ClickOK. Note: New andupdatedconnectionfilesarepostedon t heEndNoteWeb s iteastheybecomeavailable. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases Picking Y ourFavoriteConnectionFiles How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Retrieving a ndSavingReferences What EndNoteSearchingOffers

Searching an Online Database

Establishing the Connection
Thefirststeptosearchinganonlinedatabaseistoconnecttoit. O ncetheconnectionhasbeenmade,youreabletouseEndNotesSearch t abtosearchtheonlinedatabase. Ifyouhaveconnectedtoaparticulardatabasebefore,orifyouhave s electedadatabaseasoneofyour"favorites"(seePicking YourFavoriteConnectionFiles),itwillappearintheGroupspanel u nderOnlineSearch.Thissavesyouafewstepsintheprocessofusing t heOnlineSearchcommand. Toconnecttoanonlinedatabase,dooneofthese: l OntheGroupspanel,underOnlineSearch,select t heonlinedatabaseyouwanttosearch.Thatinitiatestheonline c onnection. l Ifthedatabaseyouwanttosearchisnotlisted u nderOnlineSearchintheGroupspanel,selectTools>OnlineSearch, selectthedesireddatabase,andclickChoosetoinitiatetheconnection. ThisConnectiondialogisverysimilartotheConnectionManagerdescribed inTheConnection M anager,butitdoesnotprovide theoptionstoeditconnectionfiles o rmarkthemasfavorites. Whenasuccessfulconnectionhasbeenmade,theSearchpanel o penswiththeonlinedatabaseselectedforsearching.Youare nowready t obeginsearchingthedatabase. Theconnectiontotheonlinedatabaseismaintainedonlyuntilthesearch i scompletedandthematchingreferencesareretrieved; whenthereferences aredownloaded,youareautomaticallydisconnected.Eachtimeyouinitiate anothersearch,EndNotereconnects. Note:Ifyouhave d ifficultyestablishingaconnection,seeTroubleshooting C onnections.

Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Available SearchOptions BooleanSearches Changing t heFocusoftheSearch FreeDatabases Online D atabaseSearching(Overview) Retrieving a ndSavingReferences Searching EndNoteFieldsvs.OnlineDatabaseIndexes SearchingWeb o fScience What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Online Database Searching (Overview)

Searchinganonlinedatabaseisessentiallythesameassearchingyour o wnEndNotelibrary.Afterestablishingaconnection: 1. Enteryoursearchterm(s) inthefieldsontheSearchpanel. 2. Selecttheappropriatesearchoptions. 3. ClickSearchtosendthesearchrequesttothe o nlinedatabase. Afewsignificantdifferencesbetweensearchinganonlinedatabaseand a nEndNotelibraryaredescribedinSearching E ndNote Fieldsvs.OnlineDatabaseIndexes. SeeTheSearchPanelforgeneral i nformationaboutusingthisfeature.

Available Search Options

Onceyouareconnectedtoanonlinedatabase a ndthatdatabaseisselectedforsearching,certainelementsontheSearch t ab changefromthesettingsthatareavailableforEndNotelibrarysearches. l Thesearchsetlistchangeswhensearchingan onlinesource.Youcansearcheithertheremotedatabaseorthelist ofreferencesalreadyretrievedandsavedfromtheremotesource. l TheMatchCaseandMatchWordsoptionsare notavailableforonlinedatabase s earches. l Theoptionsavailableinthesearchmenus(such a sAuthor,Title,orKeywords)varywitheachdatabase,andtheyare n ot thesameassearchingthefieldsinanEndNotelibrary(seeSearchingEndNoteFieldsvs.OnlineDatabaseIndexes). l Thefollowingfields arenotavailableinthe s earchmenuforsearchinganonlinesource:PDF,AnyField+PDFwithNotes, a ndPDFNotes. l Thecomparisonlistforeachsearchlineis a lways settoContains. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Discarding D uplicateReferences Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases How t oSearchanOnlineDatabase Online D atabaseSearching Retrieving a ndSavingReferences SearchingWeb o fScience

What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Boolean Searches
MultiplesearchtermscanbecombinedusingtheBooleanoperatorsAND, O R,andNOT.EndNoteconstructsasearchfromthe toptothebottomof t heSearchpanel,findingthesearchresultsofthefirsttwoitems,then c ombiningthatresultsetwiththethird searchline,andsoon. Field Keywords Keywords Keywords Author Comparison Search Term Operator Contains fossil Contains dinosaur Contains avian Contains Balanoff Boolean Operators Table Boolean Operator AND NOT OR

Forexample,thesearchshownabovecouldbewrittenas: (((fossilANDdinosaur) N OTavian)ORBalanoff) FirstEndNotelooksforreferencesaboutfossilsanddinosaurs,then a nyreferencestoavianwouldbeomittedfromthatset,and finallyall r eferencesby"Balanoffwould b eadded. Keepinmindthat: l ORbroadensyoursearchbyaddingtogethertworesultsets l ANDnarrowsthefocusofthesearchbylookingfortheintersection o freferencesfound l NOTalsonarrowsthesearchbyomittingtheresultsforoneterm f romthecurrentresultset.

Searching EndNote Fields vs. Online Database Indexes

Whensearchinganonlinedatabase,youarenotsearchingthespecific f ieldsineachrecord,butrathertheavailablesearch indexesforthat d atabase.ThesearchmenusontheSearchpanellistonlyavailable i ndexesfortheonlinedatabase,soyouwill notseeallofthegeneric f ieldnameslistedasyoudowhensearchinganEndNotelibrary. IfthecurrentsearchstrategyissetuptosearchanEndNotefield t hatdoesnotexistasanonlinedatabasesearchindex,that fieldname w illappearinitalics.Ifyoutrytoexecuteasearch,EndNotewilladvise y outhatthefieldisnotvalid.Changethe searchfieldselectionto avalidindexfortheselectedonlinedatabase. Theconnectionfileforaparticulardatabasestoresthenamesandsettings f orthesearchoptionslistedinthesearchmenus.See Search A ttributesifyouareinterestedinchangingthepre-configuredoptions. Note:Comparison o peratorsotherthan"Contains"cannotbeusedwhensearching o nlinedatabases.

Understanding Search Results

Whensearchinganonlinedatabase,thesearchmenusdisplayalistof availablesearchindexessupportedattheremotesite. Thesearenotfields i ntheonlinedatabase,butrathersetsofsearchtermsandsynonymsdesigned t ofacilitateyoursearches. Itisnotuncommontosearchforaterminanindexandnoticethat t heexacttermappearsnowhereintheretrievedreference(s). Forexample,youmightsearchforheartattack intheTitle indexofamedicaldatabaseandfindreferencesthatdonotinclude heart a ttackintheTitlefieldbut,instead,theyusethetermmyocardial infarction.Thisapparentdiscrepancycanbeattributedto

thesearch indexoftheonlinedatabase,whichhasmappedthecommontermheart attacktoitsscientificequivalentmyocardial infarction. Itisalsonotuncommonforsomeofthesedatabasestoindexpersonal namesthatappearinthetitlesorkeywordsalongwiththe authornames. F orexample,asearchoftheLibraryofCongressfor"CharlesDickens" intheAuthorindexdisplaysbooksabout Dickensaswellasthosewritten b yhim.Thisformofindexingismostcommonlyseenwithlibrarybook c atalogsandnotwiththe scientificreferencedatabases.Sometimesyou c anrestrictthesearchestobooksbythatparticularauthorbysetting u pasearch tofind(forexample)"CharlesDickens"inAuthor, N OT"CharlesDickens"inKeywords. Thesesearchindexesaremaintainedbytheprovidersofthedatabases andarenotcontrolledbyEndNote. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Available SearchOptions BooleanSearches Changing t heFocusoftheSearch Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases Online D atabaseSearching Retrieving a ndSavingReferences SearchingWeb o fScience What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Online Database Search Limitations

Someofthesearchoptionshaveadditionallimitationsthatyouwould notencounterwhensearchinganEndNotelibrary.For example,somedatabases p rohibitsearchingforayearalone.Theyearcanbespecifiedonlyto limitasearch(thesearecalled "limitfields").Insucha c ase,asearchfor1997astheyearwouldbedenied,butsearchingfor S mithasanauthorAND1997as theyear(therebylimitingtheresults o ftheauthorsearch),wouldbeallowed. Ifyouhavesetupasearchthatisnotacceptedbytheonlinedatabase, a nerrormessagewilldescribethesourceoftheproblem asspecifically a spossible.(SeeTroubleshooting C onnections.)Keepinmindthattheserestrictionsaresetbythe i nformationprovider,notEndNote. Documentationfromtheinformationprovidermayhelptoclarifywhat s earchoptionsareavailable. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Available SearchOptions BooleanSearches Changing t heFocusoftheSearch Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases Retrieving a ndSavingReferences Searching EndNoteFieldsvs.OnlineDatabaseIndexes SearchingWeb o fScience What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Changing the Focus of the Search

Thetargetofthesearchistheonlinedatabase(representedbythe d atabasenameontheSearchpanel)orthecurrentEndNote librarygroup t hatisdisplayedwhentheSearchcommandischosen.(Ifyouhaventyetconnectedtotheonlinedatabaseor openedalibrary, y ouwillneedtodosobeforeyoucansearchit.)Tochangethefocus o fasearch,clickonadifferentlibrarygroup oronlinedatabasein t heGroupspanel. Theavailablesearchoptionsdifferamongthevariousonlinedatabases, a swellasbetweenonlinedatabasesandEndNote libraries.Whenyouchange t hetargetofasearch,thefieldoptionsontheSearchpanelchangeautomatically. Y oucouldsetupa Keywordssearchforaparticularonlinedatabase,but w henyouselectadifferentonlinedatabase,thefieldselectionchanges becauseKeywordsisnotanoptionforthenewdatabaseselection. Whenswitchingthefocusofyoursearchfromonegrouptoanotherand backagain,theoriginalsearchsetupisretainedaslong asyouhave n otchangedanysettingsontheSearchpanelandthefieldselectionsare a vailableinbothdatabases. Related Topics: Access- R estrictedDatabases Available SearchOptions BooleanSearches Establishing t heConnection FreeDatabases Online D atabaseSearching Retrieving a ndSavingReferences Searching EndNoteFieldsvs.OnlineDatabaseIndexes SearchingWeb o fScience What ifYourDatabaseIsn'tListed?

Retrieving and Saving References

Retrieving and Saving References
Afterasuccessfulsearch,EndNotealerts youtothenumberofreferences t hatwerefound.Youhavetheoptionofretrievingallof thereferences oraspecificrangeofreferences.(Theorderoftheretrievedreferences r eflectsthewaytheywerereturnedfrom theserverthisisnotnecessarily a lphabetical,chronological,orinorderofrelevance.) ChoosingOKallowsEndNotetobeginretrievingreferences. Ifyouhavepreviouslydownloadedreferencesfromanonlinedatabase s inceopeningthelibrary(whetherapermanentlibraryora temporary library),youmaywanttoselecttheClearcurrentlydisplayedresults b eforeretrievingrecordscheckbox.Thissimply removesthepreviouslydownloadedreferencesfromtheOnlineSearchgroup; t heyarestillavailableinthelibrary. Changingtherangeofreferencestoberetrievedisusefulifyouwant t ochecktheresultsofyoursearchbeforedownloadingthe entireset o freferences.Forexample,ifyoursearchfound200references,youmay w anttoretrieveonlyreferences1-10,then checkthosereferences,and e ithercontinuedownloadingorchangeyoursearchcriteria.Tocontinue downloading,submitthe searchagain,thenrequestonlyreferences11 t hrough200.Youcanalsopauseduringrecordretrieval;ontheSearch t ab,click OptionsandselectPause.ClickResumewhenyouwanttocontinue. Ifyoudiscoveredthatyoushouldrefineyoursearchtogetbetterresults, i tshelpfultolookatthekeywordsofthereferencesyou havedownloaded t oseeiftherearetermstheretohelpyourefineyoursearchstrategy. Howreferencesaresavedisdeterminedbythecurrentdisplaymode.

Integrated Library & Online Search Mode

IfyouareworkinginIntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearchMode,references a redownloadedandsavedintothecurrentlibraryand displayedinaOnline S earchgroup.Thelibrarynameappearsatthetopofthewindow. Ifyoudecideyoudon'twanttokeeptheretrievedreferences,select t hem(clickinthelistanduse C trl+Atoselectallreferences inthecurrentlist,useCtrl+click toselectnon-contiguousreferences,oruseShift+clicktoselectarangeofreferences)and selectMoveReferencestoTrashfromtheReferencesmenu.

Online Search Mode

IfyouareworkinginOnlineSearchMode,referencesaredownloadedintoa t emporarylibrary.Thetopofthewindow indicates OnlineMode.To s avereferences,highlightthem(clickinthelistand u se Ctrl+Atoselectallreferencesinthecurrentlist, use Ctrl+click toselectnon-contiguousreferences,oruse Shift+clicktoselectarangeofreferences)andthen: l GototheReferencesmenuandselectCopyReferences t oinordertoselectaneworexistinglibraryandcopythehighlighted r eferencestothatselectedlibrary l Or,clicktheCopytoLocalLibraryiconon t hetoolbartoquicklycopythehighlightedreferencestothecurrently a ctive library AnotherwaytosavereferencesdownloadedinOnlineSearchModeisto usetheCopyandPastecommandsfromtheEditmenu tocopyindividual r eferencesfromOnlineSearchModeandthenpastethemintoLocalLibrary M ode. Leave Online Search mode in one of these ways: l ClickonLocalLibraryMode,whichleaves Online S earchModeintact.Youcanswitchbetweenthesetwomodeswithout losingthecurrentOnlineModereferences. l ClickonIntegratedMode.Thisclosesthecurrent OnlineSearchModesession.AnyreferencesinOnlineSearchModeare discarded,somakesureyoufirstcopyreferencesyouwanttokeep i ntoyourpermanentlibrary. l Clickthecornerclosebutton.Thisclosesthe e ntireEndNotelibrary(allmodes).AnyreferencesinOnlineSearch Modeare discarded,somakesureyoufirstcopyreferencesyouwant t okeepintoyourpermanentlibrary.

Discarding Duplicate References

Ifyouusethesamesearchstrategytosearchmultipleonlinesources, y oumayintroduceduplicatereferencesintoyourEndNote library.There aretwomethodstoidentifyandremoveduplicates: l Youcanidentifyanddeleteduplicatesinyour E ndNotelibraryafterdownloadingiscompleted.Thisprocessallows y outo vieweachduplicatebeforedeletingit.SeeFinding D uplicateReferences. l Youcandiscardduplicatesduringthedownloading process,asdescribedbelow. Toautomaticallydiscardduplicates: 1. FromtheEdit menu,selectPreferences. 2. DisplaytheDuplicatespanel. 3. FromtheOnlineSearchResultspanel,selecttheAutomatically d iscardduplicatescheckbox. WhenyouselecttheAutomatically d iscardduplicatescheckbox,EndNoteautomaticallydiscardsduplicatereferenceswhen retrievingreferencesfromanonlinedatabase.Theduplicatesareneverinsertedintothelibrary.ThissettingapplieswhenyouperformasearchinIntegratedLibraryModeorOnlineSearchMode.

l IfyouareusingIntegratedLibrary&Online S earchModewhenperforminganonlinedatabasesearch,itappliestothepermanentAllReferenceslibrary. l IfyouareusingOnlineSearchModewhenperforminganonlinedatabasesearch,itappliestothetemporaryOnlineReferenceslibrary. Note:Thesesettings d onotapplytothe"MergeDuplicatesinBibliography"settingdefined i nFormattingPreferences.The d uplicatesareneverinsertedintothebibliography. Related Topics: Duplicate Preferences Finding D uplicateReferences

The Connection Status Window

TheConnectionStatuswindowprovidesdetailedinformationaboutaconnection a ndEndNotesinteractionswiththeonlinedatabaseandserver.Thiswindow i susefultohelpyouortohelpEndNoteTechnicalSupportassistyou i ntrackingdownthesource ofaproblemwithanonlinedatabase. ViewtheconnectionstatusinformationbyselectingShowConnection S tatusfromtheWindow menutodisplaytheStatuswindow.Whenthatwindow i sopen,thiscommandchangestoHideConnectionStatus,whichcloses t heStatuswindow. TheStatus windowdisplaysinformationforthelatestconnection.A m enuatthetopoftheStatuswindowletsyouvieweitherthe recorddata f oreachreferenceorthestatusmessagesreturnedfromtheserverof t heonlinedatabase. Note:TheConnection S tatuswindowdisplaysthelast32Koftextwrittentothelog f ile.Ifyouneedtoseemorethanthat,you canopentheConnect.logfileinawordprocessorafterclosingtheRetrieved R eferencewindow(s). Related Topics: Available SearchOptions FreeDatabases Online D atabaseSearching Retrieving a ndSavingReferences SearchingWeb o fScience TheLogFile

The Log File

AllmessagesandretrievedreferencesforagivenEndNotesessionare recordedinalogfile.Bydefault,thelogfileiscalled"Connect.log"andissavedinthefolder: Windows XP:Windows\ApplicationData\EndNotefolderortheDocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote Windows Vista:C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote\ Windows 7:C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote\ AnexistinglogfileisoverwrittenthefirsttimeEndNoteestablishes aconnectionafterbeingstarted. Youmayselectadifferentnameand/orlocationforthelogfileusing t heURLs&LinkssettingsinthePreferences window.Todo so,select P referencesfromtheEditmenuand s electtheURLs&Linksoptionfromthelist.ClickChooseinthe C onnectionLog sectiontonamethenewlogfileandchoosewheretosave i t.

YoumayalsochoosenottocreatealogfilebyclearingtheUseLog F ileoption.Thiswillslightlyspeeduptheretrievalprocess. However, w ithoutalogfileyouwillnotbeabletoscrollbackthroughtherecord d ataorstatusmessagesafteryouchangethe ViewsettingintheConnection Statuswindow.

Importing a Log File

Thelogfileisaregulartextfile.Itcanbeviewedusingawordprocessor a ndimported,ifnecessary,usingtheconnectionfile.In thissense, t helogfileisabackupforthereferencesretrievedinaparticular E ndNotesession.YoucanverifythatEndNote retrievedthereferencedata c orrectlybybrowsingthroughthelogfileinyourwordprocessorand c omparingtheunmodifieddatato whatappearsinyourEndNotereferences. I fnecessary,youcanchangethesettingsinyourconnectionfileand r e-importthereferences(withoutreconnectingtotheonlinedatabase). Note:Youcannot i mportfromaConnection.logfilesavedfromWebofScience a ndWebofKnowledge.Youmustdoaregular onlinesearchor a directexport. Toimportalogfileusingthefilteroptionsofaconnectionfile: 1. Openalibraryintowhichyouwanttoimportthe l ogfile. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport>File. 3. ClickChooseFileandselectConnection.log.Substitute t henameofyourlogfileifyouhavechangedthedefaultname. 4. SelectUseConnectionFilefromtheImportOptions l istintheImportdialog 5. Selectthedesiredconnectionfile,andthenclick C hoose.NowyoushouldbebackintheImportdialogwithboththe f ile andtheimportoptionset. 6. NexttoTextTranslation,selectUnicode(UTF-8). 7. ClickImport. Note:Theconnection f ileandfilterfileforadatabasearelikelyconfiguredtoimportvery d ifferentreferenceformats.Normally,a connectionfileissetupfor M ARCdata,whereasafilterissetupfortagged d ata.Becausetheoutputformatsaresodifferent, youshouldnotuse a filterfile(*. Related Topics: Available SearchOptions FreeDatabases Online D atabaseSearching Retrieving a ndSavingReferences SearchingWeb o fScience The C onnectionStatusWindow

Searching Web of Knowledge

Searching Web of Knowledge
WebofKnowledgeisacomprehensive r esearchplatformthatbrings togethermanydifferenttypesofcontent f orsearching.Journalarticles,patents,Web s ites,conferenceproceedings,OpenAccessmaterialallcanbeaccessed t hroughoneinterface, usingavarietyofpowerfulsearchandanalysis t ools.

SearchWebofKnowledgejustasyouwouldsearchanyother o nlinedatabase.YoursearchresultsarecopieddirectlytotheEndNote libraryofyourchoice. OncetherecordsareinEndNote,youcanclickonanEndNoterecords U RLtojumpbacktotheoriginalWebofKnowledge onlinerecord. Variousoptionsareavailabletoyouonline,suchasviewingalistof r elatedreferences. Available Web of Knowledge Databases Asofthisrelease,thefollowingWebofKnowledgeproductdatabases a reavailablefordirectonlinesearchingwithEndNote.A subscription i srequiredtoaccessaparticularproductdatabase. l l l l l l l l l l Biological A bstracts BIOSIS P reviews CABI: C abAbstracts Current C ontentsConnect MEDLINE Web o fScience Web o fScience(ScienceCitationIndexExpanded) Web o fScience(SocialSciencesCitationIndex) Web o fScience(Arts&HumanitiesCitationIndex) Zoological R ecord

Full Record Charges WebofKnowledgerequiresapaidsubscription.Youmayhaveanonline s ubscriptionwithusernameandpassword, o ryoumay haveaccesstoalocalWebofKnowledgeserver. Users of Previous Versions of EndNote IfyouusedapreviousversionofEndNote,manyofyourpreferences w eresavedwhenyouupgradedtoEndNoteX6.However,if youwanttheability t olinkbacktoWebofKnowledgerecords,youmayneedtoupdate t heBaseURL. 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. ClicktheEndNoteDefaultsbuttontoupdateto t helatestBaseURL. Locally Mounted Web of Knowledge Servers YoumustuseWebofKnowledgeversion5.0orlater.Toaccess y ourlocalWebofKnowledgeserver,firstcontactyournetwork administratorfortheserveraddress(URL)plusthepathtoyourinstitutions c opyoftheISIGatewayV2.5software. TosearchalocallymountedWebofScienceserver,opentheappropriate W eb of Knowledgeconnectionfile,clickonConnection Settings a ndupdatetheServerAddressandCustomfieldswithyourlocalserver addressandISIGatewaysoftwarepath. TolinkbacktoWebofKnowledgerecordsoncetheyareinEndNote, y oumustchangetheBaseURLtoyourlocalserver address. 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. SelectURLs&Links 3. EnteryourlocalserveraddressintheOpenURLs f ield.

Searching Author Names in Web of Knowledge Databases that Contain Particles and Spaces WhensearchingaWebofKnowledgeproductdatabase(forexample, W ebofScience),alwaysaddaconnectortonamesthat containsparticlesandspaces.Forexample,tosearchforde Bruyn A,enterthenameintheSearchfieldasde+Bruyn+A to ensurethattheproductreturnsallrelevantresults. Tosearchforde la Rosa,enterthenameintheSearchfieldasde+la+Rosa.Youcanalsoaddafirstnametorestrictyour search,butdonotaddaconnectorbetweenthefirstnameandthelastname.Forexample,tosearchforMario de la Rosa,enter intheSearchfieldMario de+la+Rosa. Related Topics: Available SearchOptions FindingFull T ext Finding R elatedOnlineReferences Quick O verview Online D atabaseSearching The C onnectionStatusWindow TheLogFile

Finding Related Online References

Finding Related Online References
HighlightareferenceinEndNoteandusetheURL>OpenURLLinkcommand o ntheReferencesmenutostartyourdefaultweb browseranddisplaythe f ulltextarticle(ifavailable)plusalistoflinkstosimilararticles. OpenURLLinkconnectstoanOpenURLstandardsyntax serveranduses E ndNotesOpenURLpreferencesalongwithdatain yourEndNoterecordto f indrelatedonlinereferences. Note:Thiscommand h asnorelationtotheURLfieldfoundinEndNotereferencesortothe U RL>OpenLinkcommandonthe Referencesmenu(whichopensthespecific U RLfoundintheURLfield). Toenablethisfeature,andfindoutwhatpreferencesareavailable, s eeOpenURLPreferences.

Finding Full Text

Finding Full Text for a Reference
EndNotecanattempttolocatefulltextfilesonthe W ebbyusingdatastoredinyourreferences.Oncefound,EndNotedownloads andattachesthefilestothereferences. EndNotecanusethesemethodswhensearchingforfull t extpublications: l l l l l WebofKnowledge F ullTextLinks EndNote W ebServices DOI ( DigitalObjectIdentifier) PubMed L inkOut OpenURL

EndNotewilltrytouseallofthesemethodstooptimize t helikelihoodoffindingfulltextfilesassociatedwithyourbibliographic records.

TheWebofKnowledgefreejournalsetischecked f orallusers;subscribers mayhavefullIP-basedaccess toallresources. I n caseswherefulltextPDFfilesrequireasubscription,andyouor y ourinstitutionhavetheappropriateaccess,EndNotewill attemptto a uthenticateandautomaticallydownloadtheappropriatefiles.IfEndNote c annotfindthefulltextfile,itwilloftenbe abletoattachtheURL o ftheprovider'sWebpageforthearticleforeasierfutureaccess. Forfullinformationaboutfindingthefulltextfor a reference,see: l Adding A ccesstoYourInstitution'sLibrary l How t oFindandRetrieveFullText l TheFind F ullTextGroups l Pausing o rCancelingFindFullText l Improving t heSearchforFullText Related Topics: Finding R elatedOnlineReferences Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference Online D atabaseSearching Opening a LinkedFileorURL Removing a LinkedFilefromFileAttachments Saving a CopyofanAttachedFile Selecting aRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments URLs &LinksPreferences

Adding Access to Your Institution's Library

ManylibrariesareaccessiblewithanOpenURLPath.Subscriptionlibraries alsorequirevalidauthentication,whichusually meansauserIDandpassword. F irst,youmustdeterminetheappropriateOpenURLpath.Ifthelibrary r equiresauthentication, youmustalsodeterminetheauthenticationURL. N ext,entertheseURLsasFindFullTextpreferences.Then,youmayneed t o authenticateaccessbyenteringyourpersonaluserIDandpassword. T hesedefinitions maybehelpfultoyou: OpenURL Path:ThisistheOpenURL w ebaddresstotheonlinelibrary.ItiswhereEndNotewillbedirected t osearchformatchingreferences. Authentication URL :Thisis t hewebaddresstothepagewhereyouentersubscriptiondetailstoaccess t heonlinelibrary.Itis typicallythepagewhereyouenterausernameandpassword.OnceyouentertheAuthentication U RL(ifrequired),EndNotecan accessthefulltextofthematchingreferences f romtheonlinelibrarysOpenURLPath. Proxy Server:Yourinstitution mayuseaproxyservertocontrolaccess.IfInternetExplorerisconfigured f orusewithaproxy server,EndNotewillautomaticallyhandletheproxy s erverwhenaccessinghttp-basedconnections.IfyoudonotuseInternet Explorer,configureproxysettingswiththeInternetOptionsintheWindows C ontrolPanel.

Determining the OpenURL Path

TheeasiestwaytodetermineyourinstitutionsOpenURLaddressisto askyourlibrarian.Youcouldalsocheckhttp://www.worldcat.org/registry/Institutions/. SFXlinkresolversworkbest,solookforaURLthatbeginswithhttp://sfx.libraryorasimilarURLthatcontainssfxinthepath.

Determining the Authentication URL

InordertousetheOpenURLpathtofindfulltextarticles,your institutionlikelyrequiresthatyoulogintoaccessfulltext.EndNote usesanauthenticationURLtoautomaticallydirectyoutoyourinstitutions l og-inwebpage. Again,theeasiestwaytodeterminetheauthenticationURListowork w ithyourlibrarian.Toactasyourowndetective,though, youcantry t hesuggestionbelow. TodeterminetheauthenticationURL: 1. EntertheOpenURLpathasanEndNotepreference. a. b. c. d. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences. SelecttheFindFullText panel. SelecttheOpenURLbox, andentertheOpenURLPath. ClickOKtosavethesetting.

2. Tryoneofthese: Follow the URL Path: a. Highlightareference-- onewhereyoubelievethefulltextarticleisavailablefromyour institution. b. Right-clickonthereference andselectURL>OpenURLLink.Ifyouarenotautomaticallydirected tothefulltextarticle, useyourbrowsertocontinuetotrytoget tothefulltextPDFfile. Browse to the URL: a. Useabrowsertogotoyour librarysWebsiteandtrytoaccessasubscriptionresource. 3. Onceyoureachapagewhereyouarepromptedto e ntercredentials,copytherootofthatURL.Itmaystartwithhttps:// login.ezproxy.Copyeverythingthrough/login?url=%@. 4. Enterthepathasanauthenticationpreference a sdescribednextunderSettingFullTextPreferences. 5. TesttheURLbyloggingintoyourinstitutions s iteasdescribedbelow.

Setting Full Text Preferences

OnceyouhavedeterminedtheappropriateOpenURLpathandauthentication U RLforyourinstitution,youmustenterthemas preferencesinEndNote. ToenterFindFullTextpreferences: 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. SelecttheFindFullTextpanel. Thispaneldetermineswhichmethodsareusedwhensearchingforfull t extarticles.Bydefault,WebofKnowledgeFull TextLinks, D OI,andOpenURLareselected.PubMedLinkOutisalsoavailable,but m ayslowperformance. 3. Tosearchyourinstitutionslibrary,makesure O penURLisselected,andenteryourinstitutionsOpenURLPath.If authenticationisrequired,enteranAuthenticationURL(theaddress o fthesitesloginpage). Formoreinformation,seeFind F ullTextPreferences.

Logging in to Your Library

OnceyouhaveenteredtheappropriateURLsasFindFullTextpreferences, y oucanlogintoyourinstitutionslibrary.Dothisin oneoftwoways: Authenticate Only FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFindFullTextandthenAuthenticate. ThismethodallowsyoutotryconnectingwithoutstartingaFindFull Textsearch.Youshouldbedirectedtoyourinstitutionslogin webpage. Loginasindicatedonthewebpage.Youmaybedirectedtoahomepage o ralistofresources,whichmeansyouare loggedin.ClickDone.You a reauthenticatedforthissessionofEndNoteoruntilyourinstitution t imesouttheconnection. YoustillneedtospecificallyselecttheReferences>FindFull Text>FindFullTextcommandtobeginsearchingforfulltext articles. Authenticate and Search FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFindFullText,andthenFindFull T ext. IfyouhaveanOpenURLpathandauthenticationURLenteredunderFind FullTextpreferences,EndNotewilldirectyoutoyour institutionslogin w ebpage.Loginasindicatedonthewebpage,andthenclickContinue t obeginthesearchforfulltextarticles fortheselectedreferences. YouareauthenticatedforthissessionofEndNoteoruntilyourinstitution t imesouttheconnection. Note:Yourinstitution m ayseveryourOpenURLconnectionafteracertainamountofidletime. U nfortunately,thereisnoindicationwhenthathappens.Youwillneed t ogototheReferencesmenu,selectFindFullTextandthenAuthenticate t orestore accesstothesite.JustselectingFindFullTextagainduring t hisEndNotesessionwillnotrestoreauthentication. Related Topics: Finding R elatedOnlineReferences How t oFindandRetrieveFullText Improving t heSearchforFullText Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference Online D atabaseSearching Opening a LinkedFileorURL Pausing o rCancelingFindFullText Quick O verview Removing a LinkedFilefromFileAttachments Saving a CopyofanAttachedFile TheFind F ullTextGroups URLs &LinksPreferences

How to Find and Retrieve Full Text

Whenyouretrievethefulltextfileofareferencedwork,itissaved t otheFileAttachmentsfieldasarelativelink(thefileitselfit stored i nthecurrentlibrarys.DATAfolder).Thefileissavedinitsnative f ormat,whichinmostcasesisaPDFfile. Whenafileisdownloadedandattachedtoareference,afile a ttachmenticonappearsintheFileAttachmentfieldforthereference. I ntheLibrarywindow,apaperclipiconappearsintheFileAttachments c olumnforthatreference.

Note:Inorder t ofindfulltext,cookiesmustbeturnedoninInternetExplorer. TheFindFullTextcommandcanattempttofindfulltextdocumentsfor upto250recordsatatime;thistotalincludesallfulltext searches r unconcurrentlyinopendatabases.Ifyouwanttofindthefulltext f ormorethan250EndNoterecords,youmustrunthe FindFullTextoperation morethanonce.Highlightupto250referenceseachtime. TheFindFullTextcommandisavailableonlyinIntegratedLibraryand O nlineSearchModeorLocalLibraryMode.ItisnotavailableinOnline mode. Tofindandretrievefulltext: 1. Selectthereference(s) t owhichyouwanttoaddfulltext. l IntheLibrarywindow,highlightupto250 r eferences. Forexample,youcanselectasinglereference,orholddownthe C trlkeytohighlightindividualreferences,oruse Edit>SelectAlltoselectanentireGroupofdisplayedreferences. l Or,openanindividualreferenceforediting. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectFindFullText>FindFull Text. Ifyouhaveareferenceopen,youcanusetheright-clickcontextual menutoselectFindFullText. 3. (Optional)IfyouhaveenteredanOpenURLaddress a ndauthenticationURLunderFindFullTextpreferences,youmaybe directedtoaloginwebpageforyourinstitutionslibrary.Follow t heinstructionstologin,suchasenteringtheappropriate User I Dandpassword.Onceyouareloggedin,clickContinue. EndNotebeginssearchingforanddownloadingfulltextfortheselected r eferences.Fulltextdownloadinghappensinthebackground,whichmay a ffecttheperformanceofotheroperations. ReferencesappearingroupsunderaFindFullTextgroupset.SeeTheFindFullTextGroupsfor a descriptionoftheresulting groups. Note:Yourinstitution m ayseveryourOpenURLconnectionafteracertainamountoftime.Unfortunately, t hereisnoindication whenthathappens.YouwillneedtogototheReferences m enu,selectFindFullText,andthenAuthenticatetorestoreaccess to t hesite.JustselectingFindFullTextagainduringthisEndNotesession w illnotrestoreauthentication. Toaddaccesstoalibrary,seeAdding A ccesstoYourInstitution'sLibrary. Toimprovethelikelihoodoffindingfulltextarticlesforreferences, s eeImprovingtheSearchfor F ullText. IfyouwanttopauseorcancelaFindFullTextoperation,seePausing o rCancelingFindFullText. Related Topics: FindingFullTextforaReference Finding R elatedOnlineReferences Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference Online D atabaseSearching Opening a LinkedFileorURL Quick O verview Removing a LinkedFilefromFileAttachments

Selecting aRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments URLs &LinksPreferences

Find Full Text Groups

DuringtheFindFullTextsearchinganddownloading p rocess,resultsareconstantlyupdatedunderaFindFullTextgroupset. I nitially,theFindFullTextgroupsetisaddedbelowallothergroup s ets.However,youcanclickanddragtheFindFullTextgroup set t oanyposition.EndNotewillmaintainthatnewpositionacrosssessions. TheFindFullTexttemporarygroupsdescribedbelow r emainforthecurrent s ession.EndNoteremovesthemwhenyouclosethe library. l l l l Searching FoundPDF FoundURL NotFound

IfyouruntheFindFullTextoperationmorethanonce duringasinglelibrarysession,theadditionalreferencesareaddedto t hereferencesalreadyfoundintheFindFullTextgroups. Searching... Thisgroupdisplaysthecurrentsetofreferencesfor w hichEndNoteisattemptingtofindeitherthefulltextfileofeach r eferenced workoratleastaURLtothereferencedwork.Whenthefull t extsearchiscompleted,thisgroupisdeleted.Thosereferencesto which f ulltextoraURLwasaddedaredisplayedinaFoundPDFgrouporaFound U RLgroup. YoucancanceltheFindFullTextoperationatanytime b yright-clickingontheSearchinggroup,todisplayacontext-sensitive menu,andselectingStopfindingfulltext.Fulltextthathasbeenretrieved u ntilthatpointisalreadysavedinthelibrary. Found PDF Thisgroupdisplaysthesetofreferencesforwhich E ndNoteinsertedthePDFfileofthereferencedworkasanattachment. T hese referencesdisplayapaperclipiconintheFileAttachments columnof t hereferencelist.IfaURLisalsofound,itisaddedtothe reference, b utthereferenceisnotincludedintheFoundURLgroup. IfaFindFullTextoperationhasalreadyattacheda f iletoaselectedreference,EndNotewillskipthatreferencewhensearching forfulltext.Ifyoudowanttolookforafulltextarticleforthe reference,youmustfirstdeletetheexistingfileattachment. Found URL Thisgroupdisplaysthesetofreferencesforwhich E ndNoteinsertedaURLtothereferencedwork,butdidnotfindafull t extdocumenttoattach.

Not Found Thisgroupdisplaysthesetofreferencesforwhich E ndNotecouldnotidentifyafulltextfileoraURL.Theseareonlyfrom t heset ofreferencessearchedwiththeFindFullTextcommandduring t hissessionoftheEndNotelibrary. Related Topics: Adding A ccesstoYourInstitution'sLibrary Finding R elatedOnlineReferences How t oFindandRetrieveFullText Improving t heSearchforFullText Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference Online D atabaseSearching Opening a LinkedFileorURL Pausing o rCancelingFindFullText Quick O verview Removing a LinkedFilefromFileAttachments Saving a CopyofanAttachedFile Selecting aRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments URLs &LinksPreferences

Pausing or Canceling Find Full Text

l TopauseaFindFullTextoperation,right-click o ntheSearchinggrouptodisplayacontext-sensitivemenu,andselect "Pausefindingfulltext".Fulltextthathasbeenretrieved untilthatpointisalreadysavedinthelibrary. l ToresumeapausedFindFullTextoperation, right-clickontheSearchinggroupandselect"Resumefinding f ulltext". l TostopaFindFullTextoperation,right-click o ntheSearchinggroupandselect"Cancelfindingfulltext".

Improving the Search for Full Text

ThesearesuggestionsforimprovingtheaccuracyoftheFindFullText f eature: l MakesureyouareIPauthenticatedtoaccess anypremiumfulltextresourcestowhichyouwouldlikeEndNoteto a ttempt connecting. l Askyourlibrarianwhetheryourinstitution i ssetupwithWebofKnowledge c ustomjournallinks.If s o,createafreepersonalizedWebofKnowledgeaccountand l ogin.Ifyourinstitutiondoesnothavecustomjournallinksset u pforWebof Knowledge,askyourlibrariantosetitup(itiseasy a ndfree). l CreateafreeEndNote W ebaccountandlogin. E ndNoteWebisincludedwithEndNote.MakesureyourEndNoteWeb account i nformationiscompleteunderEndNote Preferences(Edit>Preferences>Sync). l ReviewyourEndNotereferencestoconfirmthat t heDOIinformationisintheDOIfield.Datacanbemovedbetween f ields withtheChange/Move/Copy FieldscommandfromtheToolsmenu. l EnableWebbrowsercookies. IfyouwouldlikeFindFullTexttosearchaspecificlibrary, s eeAddingAccess toYour I nstitution'sLibrary. Related Topics:

Finding R elatedOnlineReferences How t oFindandRetrieveFullText Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Linking a URLtoanEndNoteReference Online D atabaseSearching Opening a LinkedFileorURL Pausing o rCancelingFindFullText Quick O verview Removing a LinkedFilefromFileAttachments Selecting aRelativePathoranAbsolutePathforFileAttachments TheFind F ullTextGroups URLs &LinksPreferences

Importing Reference Data

General Importing Instructions
Note:SeeImporting EndNoteLibrariesforspecificinstructionsaboutmergingtwoEndNote libraries. ToimportatextfileoranEndNotelibraryintoanEndNotelibrary: 1. Openthelibraryintowhichyouwanttoimport t hereferences. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport. 3. Click t heChoosebutton t olocateandopenthefileyouwant t oimport.Allfiles,exceptforEndNotelibraries,mustbeplain textfiles.SelectthefileandclickOK. 4. SelecttheappropriateimportoptionfromtheImportOptionslist. 5. SelectanoptionfromtheDuplicateslist: l ImportAll:Importsallreferences, includingduplicates. l DiscardDuplicates:Importsallreferences e xceptduplicates. l ImportintoDuplicatesLibrary:Duplicate r eferencesareimportedintoalibrarycalledFile-Dupl.enl, w hereFileisthename ofthelibraryintowhichyouareimporting. Bydefault,areferenceisconsidered a duplicatewhentheAuthor,Year,Title,andReferenceTypematchareference alreadyinthelibrary.SeeDuplicates P references ifyouwouldliketochangetheduplicatescriteria. 6. SelectaTextTranslationoption. Thisoptionallowsyoutospecifythetextcharacterencodingofthe f ileyouimport,sothatextendedcharacterstransfercorrectly.You s houldverifythesettingwithyourdatabaseprovider.SomeU.S.databases t hatcontainextendedcharacters requireANSI-Latin1orUTF8.MARCformatfilesmayrequireANSELtranslation.You m ightbeabletouseNoTranslation fortextfilesthatdonotcontain a nyextendedcharacters. 7. ClickImporttoimportthefile. Note:Thetime requiredtoimportafile,includinganEndNotelibrary,isproportionate t othesizeofthelibraryandthenumberof referencesbeingimported. R efertotheprogressindicatortodeterminewhenEndNotehascompleted t hetask. Whentheimportiscomplete,thenewlyimportedreferencesaredisplayed i nanImportedReferencesgroup.Thisisaperfecttime toaddakeyword t oeachimportedreferencewiththeChange Fieldcommand,ortoperusetheimporteddatatomakesureit imported a sexpected.Makesuretocheckreferencesthatcontainextendedcharacters. TheImportedReferencesgroupisatemporarygroupthatisreplaced e achtimeyouimportanothersetofreferences.Itis removedwhenyou e xitEndNote(althoughthereferencesremaininthelibrary). Toreturnallofyourreferencestothelibrarydisplay(includingthe n ewlyimportedones),selectShowAllReferencesfromtheReferencesmenu o rclickontheAllReferencesgroup.

Import Option List

EndNote'simportoptionsinclude:

l PDF U setoimportreferencesfroma P DFfilethathasbeendownloadedtoyourharddrive.Thisoption a llows youtoconvertexistingcollections ofPDFfilesintoEndNote r ecordswithminimaltypingandcopyingbyextractingDigitalObject i dentifiers(DOI) fromPDFfiles.Thesystemmatchesthecontentagainst t heexistingAPIservicesbycapturingbibliographiccontentandcreating n ewEndNoterecords.SeeImporting PDFFilestoCreateNewRecordsforspecificinstructions. l EndNote Library UsedtoimportreferencesfromoneEndNotelibraryintoanother.If thelibraryyouareimportingfromisclosedorlocked,allreferences areimported.Ifyouthelibraryyouareimportingfromisopen,with read/writeaccess,theshowingreferencesare imported. l EndNote Import Usedtoimporttextfilesthathavebeendownloadedfromonlinedatabases o rexportedfromEndNoteusingtheEndNoteformat.SeeCreating a Tagged"EndNoteImport"Fileformoreinformation. l Refer/BibIX UsedtoimporttextfilesexportedfromtheReferorBibIX p rograms.TheEndNoteimportformatisbasedontheRefer/BibIX format. l Tab-Delimited Usedtoimporttextfilesinwhichthefieldswithinasinglereference areseparatedbytabs.FordetailsseeCreating aTabDelimitedFormat. l Reference Manager (RIS) UsedtoimporttextfilesexportedfromReferenceManager,Reference U pdate,ReferenceWebPoster,oranyothersource thatusestheRIS f ormat.SeeCreating a LibraryfromProCiteorReferenceManager. l ISI-CE UsedtoimporttextfilesdownloadedfromtheWebofScience a ndotherThomsonReuterssources. Note:SeeSearching W ebofScienceforinformationaboutdirectlyretrievingWebof S ciencerecords. l Multi-Filter (Special) Aspecialoptionforimportingfilesthatincludereferencesfrommultiple s ources(seeIdentifiers. l EndNote Generated XML UsedtoimportEndNotesproprietaryXMLformat. l Other Filters EndNoteincludeshundredsofimportfiltersconfigured t oimportdata f romavarietyofonlinedatabases.Mostlikely,thefirst timeyou i mportafile,youwillnotseetheimportfilterthatyouneedin t hislist.SelectOtherFiltersfromtheImportOptionslist tofind t hefilterthatmatchesthesourceofthedatayouwanttoimport. I mportfiltersthatyouhaverecentlyusedorchosenas yourfavorites w illbelistedintheImportOptionslistintheImportdialog. Thetable inSummaryofOutput FormatsandCorrespondingImportOptionsprovidesmoreinformation a boutthedownloadformatsthatworkwiththesefilters. S eeChoosing t heCorrectImportFilterforinformationabouthowtochoose t hefiltersto appearintheImportOptionslist. l ProCite RIS Usetoimporttextfiles t hathavebeenexportedfromProCite(Windows o rMacintosh)inthecommadelimitedformat.You mayalsoopennative P roCitefilesusingEndNote'sOpencommand. l Use Connection File EndNoteprovidestheoptionofusingaconnectionfileasanimport f ilter.ThisisusefulifyouneedtoimporttheConnect.log

filegeneratedbyusingEndNotesOnlineSearchcommandtosearch a nonlinedatabase.TheConnect.logfileshouldinclude allofthereferencesfromyourprevioussession.SeeTheLogFileformoreinformation. Note:SeeIntroduction t oFiltersforinformationaboutcreatingandmodifyingimportfilters. Alloftheimportfilters(exceptTab DelimitedandEndNoteGenerated X ML)canbemodified.

Importing Reference Data into EndNote

Retrieving References Directly from Online Databases
Ifyouhaveaccess t oalibrarycatalogorbibliographicdatabasethatsupports t heZ39.50protocol,youcanuseEndNoteasatool tosearch a ndretrievereferencesdirectlyfromthatdatabaseintoEndNote. Y oudonotneedtouseEndNotesImportcommand. You c an u setheOnlineSearchcommandinstead.Thisisthe e asiestwaytogetdataintoEndNotebecauseitinvolvesno i ntermediatesteps.Formoreinformationaboutthedirect r etrievalofreferences,seeIntroduction t oSearchingOnlineDatabases.

Importing Bibliographic Data to EndNote

Therearemanysourcesofbibliographicdatathatcanbeusedtohelp y oucreateyourEndNotelibrary.Toavoidre-typingthis dataintoEndNote, w ehaveprovidedseveralmeansbywhichyoucangetreferencesintoEndNote: l Importreferencessavedordownloadedfromonline dataservices(forexample,OvidorThomsonReuters). l Importtextfilesthatconformtoaparticular f ormat(suchastheTab-delimitedorEndNoteImportformat).These f ilescan becreatedbyyouorgeneratedfromotherdatabases. l Importtextfilesexportedfromotherbibliographic s oftwareprograms. First,youneedtogetyourdatafilesintherightformat(seeSummary o fOutputFormatsandCorrespondingImportOptionsand Getting D ataintheRightFormat),andthendeterminethecorrectimport o ption. Onceyouhaveafileintheproperformatandyouknowwhichimport o ptionorfiltertouse,theimportinstructionsarethesamefor all o fthesetypesofdata.SeeGeneral I mportingInstructions. Note:Although w etrytoprovidemanyflexiblewaystogetdatafromothersourcesinto E ndNote,wedonotclaimthatEndNote canimportdatafromallsources. I nsomecases,youmayhavetowriteyourownimportfilter(seeCreating a NewFilter),oryou mayneedtomanipulatethedatainawordprocessor b eforeitcanbeimported.Ifnoneofthesetoolshelpsyoutoimport y our data,tipsonhowtoquicklycopyandpastedataintoEndNoteare d escribedinCopyingandPasting R eferences. Note:Whenimporting r ecords,werecommendthatyouimportintoatemporarynewlibrary,determine w hichonesyouwantto keep,andthenmovethoserecordsintoyourpermanent l ibrary.

Importing PDF Files to Create New References

ThisfeatureallowsyoutoconvertexistingcollectionsofPDFfiles i ntoEndNotereferenceswithminimaltypingandcopyingby extracting D igitalObjectidentifiers(DOI)fromPDFfiles.ThesystemmatchesDOI i nformationwithdataavailablefromCrossRef(www.CrossRef.org) b ycapturingbibliographiccontentandcreatingnewEndNotereferences. ToimportaPDFfile: 1. Openthelibraryintowhichyouwanttoimport t hereferences. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport> FiletoopentheImportFile dialog. 3. Click t heChoose b uttontolocateandopenthefile y ouwanttoimportfromyourharddrive.

4. SelecttheneededPDFfile,andthenclickOpen. 5. SelectPDFfromtheImport O ptionlist. 6. SelectanoptionfromtheDuplicateslist: l Import All:Importsallreferences, i ncludingduplicates. l Discard Duplicates:Importsallreferences e xceptduplicates. l Import into Duplicates Library:Duplicate r eferencesareimportedintoalibrarycalledFile-Dupl.enl, w hereFile" isthenameofthelibraryintowhichyouare importing. Bydefault,areferenceisconsidered a duplicatewhentheAuthor,Year,Title,andReferenceTypematchareference alreadyinthelibrary.SeeDuplicate P referencesifyouwouldliketochangetheduplicatescriteria. 7. SelectaTextTranslationoption.Thedefaultvalue i sNoTranslation. Thisoptionallowsyoutospecifythetextcharacterencodingofthe f ileyouimport,sothatextendedcharacterstransfer correctly.You s houldverifythesettingwithyourdatabaseprovider.SomeU.S.databases t hatcontainextendedcharactersrequireANSI-Latin1orUTF8.MARCformatfilesmayrequireANSELtranslation.You m ightbeabletouseNo Translationfortextfilesthatdonotcontain a nyextendedcharacters. 8. ClickImporttoimportthefiletoyourlibrary. Note:SeeImporting PDFFolderstoCreateNewRecordsforinstructionsonhowtoimport m ultiplePDFfilesstoredwithinasinglefolder. Note:Whenperforming t heimportfunction,iftherearetwoDOIsfoundinthefirsttwopages o faPDFdocument,EndNotewill putbothDOIsintheDOIfield.ThePDF i sthenattachedandthefilenameisputintheTitlefield. Whentheimportiscomplete,thenewrecordisstoredintheImported R eferencesgroup,andwillincludebibliographicinformation givenfor t heDigitalObjectIdentifier(DOI)minedfromthePDFfilesuchastitle, author,volume,issue,page,year,andDOI.This isaperfecttime t oaddakeywordtotheimportedreferencewiththeChangeField c ommand,ortoperusetheimporteddatato makesureitimportedasexpected. M akesuretocheckreferencesthatcontainextendedcharacters. TheImportedReferencesgroupisatemporarygroupthatisreplaced e achtimeyouimportanothersetofreferences.Itis removedwhenyou e xitEndNote(althoughthereferencesremaininthelibrary). Toreturnallofyourreferencestothelibrarydisplay(includingthe n ewlyimportedones),selecthowAllReferencesfromtheReferencesmenu o rclicktheAllReferencesgroup.

Importing PDF Folders to Create New References

ThisfeatureallowsyoutoconvertexistingcollectionsofPDFfiles i ntoEndNoterecordswithminimaltypingandcopyingby extractingDigital O bjectidentifiers(DOI)fromPDFfiles.ThesystemmatchesDOIinformation w ithdataavailablefromCrossRef(www.CrossRef.org)bycapturing bibliographiccontentandcreatingnewEndNoterecords. ToimportaPDFfolderwithPDFfiles: 1. Openthelibraryintowhichyouwanttoimport t hereferences. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport> FoldertoopentheImportFolder d ialog. 3. Click t heChoose b uttontoopentheBrowseforFolderdialog.

4. SelecttheneededPDFfolder,andthenclickOK. 5. Iftheselectedfolderlistssubfolders,click t he"Includefilesinsubfolders"checkboxtoinclude P DFfilesinthosesub-foldersintheimportoperation. 6. SelectthePDFoptionfromtheImport O ptionlist. 7. SelectanoptionfromtheDuplicateslist: l Import All:Importsallreferences,includingduplicates. l Discard Duplicates:Importsallreferences e xceptduplicates. l Import into Duplicates Library:Duplicate r eferencesareimportedintoalibrarycalledFile-Dupl.enl, w hereFile" isthenameofthelibraryintowhichyouare importing. Bydefault,areferenceisconsidered a duplicatewhentheAuthor,Year,Title,andReferenceTypematchareference alreadyinthelibrary.SeeDuplicate P referencesifyouwouldliketochangetheduplicatescriteria. 8. ClicktheImportbuttontoimportthePDFfilesfromtheselected f oldertoyourlibrary. Note:See I mportingPDFFilestoCreateNewReferences f orinstructionsonhowtoimportasinglePDFfile. Note:Whenperforming t heimportfunction,iftherearetwoDOIsfoundinthefirsttwopages o faPDFdocument,EndNotewill putbothDOIsintheDOIfield.ThePDF i sthenattachedandthefilenameisputintheTitlefield. Whentheimportiscomplete,thenewrecordisstoredintheImported R eferencesgroup,andwillincludebibliographicinformation givenfor t heDigitalObjectIdentifier(DOI)minedfromthePDFfilesuchastitle, author,volume,issue,page,year,andDOI.This isaperfecttime t oaddakeywordtotheimportedreferencewiththeChangeField c ommandortoperusetheimporteddatato makesureitimportedasexpected. M akesuretocheckreferencesthatcontainextendedcharacters. Note:SelectTools>ChangeandMoreFieldsfromtheToolsmenutoaccesstheChangeFieldsfeature. TheImportedReferencesgroupisatemporarygroupthatisreplaced e achtimeyouimportanothersetofreferences.Itis removedwhenyou e xitEndNote(althoughthereferencesremaininthelibrary). Toreturnallofyourreferencestothelibrarydisplay(includingthe n ewlyimportedones),selectShowAllReferencesfromtheReferencesmenu o rclicktheAllReferencesgroup.

Importing References from Other Bibliographic Software Programs

Ifyouwishtoconvertreferencesfromanotherbibliographicprogram i ntoEndNote,consultthechartbelowforinstructions. Conversion Utilities at the EndNote Web Site Insomecases,youmaybedirectedtodownloadaconversionutility o rinstructionsfromtheEndNoteWebsiteat:http://www.endnote.com. F ollowthe"SupportandServices"linkfromthehomepage t odisplaytheEndNoteTechnicalSupportpage.Under "Downloads," f ollowthe"Databaseconversionutilities"link.Someconversion u tilitiesareavailableonlyforaspecificplatform (WindowsorMacintosh). Unsupported Databases Ifyourprogramisnotonthechart,seeCreating a TabDelimitedFormatforimportingintoEndNote.Ifyourdatabase d oesnot offeratab-delimitedexportoption,contacttechnicalsupport f orothersuggestions.

Software Bookends a ndBookendsPro

BibeX

Citation 6 and7 EndNote L ibrary

NoteBookIIPlusand Papyrus 6 and7 ProCite Publish o rPerish Ref-11 Reference Manager Refer/BibIX RefWorks

Basic Conversion Instructions You h aveseveraloptionswhenconvertingfromBookendsor Bookends P ro.InrecentversionsofBookends,youcanExport usingthe XML(EndNote8orlater)setting,andthenImportthe fileinto EndNoteusingtheEndNotegeneratedXMLoption.Or, Exportfrom B ookendsusingthebibliographicformatoption, andselecteither t heRISortheEndNoteExport(Refer)format,andthenImport t hefileintoEndNoteusingthematching RISorReferImport o ption. User-contributed u tilitiesandinstructionsforconvertingBibTeX filesareavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsiteat:http://www.endnote.com.GototheSupport a ndServicessection.Under Downloads,findBibTexConversion T ools,andthenclickMore tobrowsetheFTPsite. Conversion u tilitiesareavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsite.Go tohttp://www.endnote.com/support/enconversion.asp. Go t otheFilemenuinEndNote,selectOpen,andthenselect Open Library.LocateandOpentheoldEndNotelibrary.Thereferences w illbecopiedintoanewEndNotelibrary. Conversion u tilitiesareavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsite.Go tohttp://www.endnote.com/support/enconversion.asp. Conversion u tilitiesareavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsite.Go tohttp://www.endnote.com/support/enconversion.asp. See C reatinga LibraryfromProCite. A c onversionutilityisavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsite. Gotohttp://www.endnote.com/support/enconversion.asp. A c onversionutilityisavailablefromtheEndNoteWebsite. Gotohttp://www.endnote.com/support/enconversion.asp. SeeCreatinganEndNoteLibraryfromReferenceManager. Use t heRefer/BibIXimportoptiontoimportaReferorBibIX t ext file. See a descriptionunderFrequentlyAskedQuestionsat http://www.endnote.com/support/ensupport.asp. Conversion Instructions Table

Importing References from PubMed

FollowthestepsbelowtodownloadyoursearchresultsfromthePubMed W ebsiteandtoimportthemintoyourEndNotelibrary. 1. GotothePubMedWebsiteinyourWebbrowserat h ttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. 2. IntheSearchfield,enteryoursearchcriteria t oexecuteyoursearch.ClicktheSearchbutton. 3. OntheResultspage,selectClipboardfromthe " Sendto"menuinthePubMednavigationbartosaverecords f rommultiple searchesasyouwork(optional).Youcanalsoclick t heAddtoClipboardbuttontosavethefirst500result. 4. SelecttheneededresultsandthenselectFile f romthe"Sendto"menu. 5. SelectMEDLINE.

6. Selectasortorderfromthe"Sortby" m enu.ThedefaultsortorderisRecentlyAdded. 7. ClicktheCreateFilebutton.Thiswillbringup a dialogboxallowingyoutosaveyourselectedreferencesasatextfile. 8. ClicktheSavebuttontosavethefiletoyour c omputer.Savethefilesomewhereeasilyaccessiblesuchasyourdesktop. Thedefaultfilenameispubmed_results.txt.Youmay c hangethefilename,butwerecommendsavingthefilewith t he.txt extension. 9. InEndNote,openthelibrarywhereyouwouldlike t osavethesereferences. 10. FromtheFilemenu,selectImport>Filetoopenadialogbox. 11. ClicktheChoosebutton,andthenselectthedownloaded pubmed_result.txtfilefromyourPC. 12. IntheImportOptionfield,selectOtherFilters, a ndthenselecttheimportfiltercalledPubMed(NLM)fromtheChoosean ImportFilterdialog. 13. ClicktheChoosebuttontogototheImportFile d ialog. 14. ClicktheImportbuttontoimportyourreferences. 15. DonotmakeanyselectionsintheDuplicatesandTextTranslationfields. 16. LookinyourGroupscolumntoseeanewgroupcalled I mportedReferences.Allthereferencesthatyoudownloadedfrom PubMed w illappearinthisgroup. Note:In s tep4,donotuseFile>Savefromyourbrowserasthefile,along w iththeresults,willnotimport. Note:In s tep7,ifyouhaveapopupblockerenabled,suchastheonethatcomes b ydefaultfromWindowsXPServicePack2, youmayneedtodisablethe p opupblockertemporarilytoallowthePubMedWebsitetosendyouthe f ile.

Summary of Output Formats and Corresponding Import Options

Asubsetofthesupportedservicesandtheirrecommendedoutputformats a ndimportfiltersarelistedunderOutput Formatswith CorrespondingImportOptions.Atthetimethismanual w asprinted,thesewerethecurrentformatoptionsforeachinformation p roviderlistedinthetable.Ifyoufindthattheseformatshavechanged, p leasecheckthedocumentationfromyourinformationproviderorcontact u s. Beforeyoudownloadreferences fromanonlinesource,pleaseconsider c opyrightissues. Copyright Issues and Fair Use of Downloaded Data EndNote g ivesyouthecapabilitytoimportreferencesdownloadedfrom onlinedatabasesintoitslibraries.Someproducersofonline r eferencedatabasesexpresslyprohibitsuchuseandstorage oftheirdata,otherscharge anextrafeeforalicenseto u sethedatainthisway.Beforeyoudownload referencesfrom a database,besuretocarefullycheckthecopyrightand fair usenoticesforthedatabase.Notethatdifferentdatabases mayhave varyingrestrictions,evenfromthesameinformation p rovider(suchas DIALOGorOvid).

Direct Export from Web Pages Copying and Pasting References from a Document into EndNote
Ifyouhaveabibliographythatistooinconsistentordifficultto p arseusingyourwordprocessor(assuggestedinCreating a Custom"Tagged"Format),youcanusetheCopyandPaste c ommandsasanalternativemethodforgettingyourdataintoEndNote and s tillavoidalotofre-typing.Forexample,letssayyouhaveapaper w ithabibliographyentrysuchas: Blocker,C. TotransferthereferencesintoEndNote: 1. Openthelistofreferencesinawordprocessor. 2. SelectareferenceandcopyitusingtheCopycommand i nyourwordprocessorsEditmenu.(Somewordprocessorsallow you t otriple-clickaparagraphtoselectthewholethingatonce.That m ightbeausefulshortcutforquicklyselectingareference.) 3. OpenyourEndNotelibrary,andselectNewReference ( Ctrl+N)fromtheReferencesmenu t ocreateanewreference. 4. PutthecursorintheTitlefieldofthenewreference a ndselectPastefromtheEditmenu. ThiswillpastetheentirereferenceintotheTitlefieldoftheReference w indow.Fromhere,youcandrag-and-drop(orcutand paste)theindividual p iecesofdataintotheirproperfields.Besuretoremoveextraneous p unctuation,andmakesureauthor namesareeachonaseparateline.Follow t heguidelinesforentering references.SeeReference T ypePreferencesforinformation aboutsettingadefaultreference t ypefornewreferences.

Importing from CD-ROMS and Online Databases

Importing References Downloaded from CD-ROMs and Online Databases
Ifyouhaveaccesstoanonlinebibliographicdatabase,auniversity c atalog,orabibliographicdatabaseonCD-ROM,youcan probablyuseEndNotes i mportfilterstoimporttextfilessavedordownloadedfromthesesources. E ndNotefiltersareconfigurablesotheygiveyoutheflexibilitytoimport t hereferencedatayouneed,andeliminatedatayoudonotneed. Therearetwomainthingsyouneedtoknowinordertocorrectlyimport d ownloadedreferencesintoEndNote: 1. Howtodownloadthedataintherightoutputformat. S eeGettingDatainthe R ightFormat. 2. Whichimportfiltertousetoimportthedatainto EndNote.SeeChoosingthe C orrectImportFilter. ThetableinSummaryofOutput FormatsandCorrespondingImportOptionssummarizesanumberofcommon s ourcesofbibliographicdata,theinstructionsfordownloadingtagged f iles,andtheEndNoteimportoptiontousetoimportthereferencesinto EndNote.

Getting Data in the Right Format

ToimporttextwithanyoftheEndNotefilters,thedatamustbeconsistently " tagged,"witheachtagstartingonanewline,and thefile s avedastext.Herearetwoexamples: AU- CRAMER, TI- AQUATIC PY- 1993 SO- ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTION. VOL. 5, NO. 2, PG.54-79 DE- LAKES, ACIDIFICATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MACROPHYTES, ECOLOGY, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY Author: Cramer, Title: Aquatic macrophytes and lake acidification

Year: 1993 Source: Environmental Air Pollution. Vol. 5(2) pp.54-79 Keywords: lakes--acidification--environmental Note:Ifdatais i nconsistentlytagged,orpoorlydelimited,itmaynotbepossibleto i mportallthedataaccurately.SeeA C ommentAboutDifficultDataFiles. Ifreferencesaresenttoyouinthebodyofanemail,savetheemail t oaplaintextfile.Youwillimportthetextfile.

Choosing the Correct Import Filter

Onceyouhavecapturedandsavedyourdatafileintheappropriateformat, y oushouldidentifytheproperEndNotefiltertoimport thedata.There a rehundredsoffiltersincludedwithEndNote,eachdesignedtoreada s pecifictaggedformatfromaspecificinformationprovider. Toseeacompletelistofavailablefilters,selectImportFiltersfrom t heEditmenu,andselectOpenFilterManager. UsetheFindby b uttonintheFilterManagerwindowtofindallfilters f oraparticularinformationprovider.Tosearchbyname,use the"Quick S earch"textboxontheEndNotetoolbar.YoucanclicktheInfotriangle b uttontodisplayadditionalinformationabout thefilter.TheComments s ectionmaygivecriticalinformationabouthowtoappropriatelydownload i nformationfromthesource database. Whenyouhavelocatedthefiltersthatyouwanttouse,markthemas y ourfavoritesbyclickingthe c heckboxtotheleftofthe filtername. Y oucanalsomarkallofthefilterscurrentlyshowingafterusingthe F indoptionbyclickingMarkAll.Onceafilteris markedasafavorite, i twillappearintheImportOptionslistintheimportdialog. Note:Thereare manymoredatabasesandservicesthatprovidedatathantherearefilters includedwithEndNote,soinsome casesyoumayneedtowriteyourown f ilterormodifyoneofours.SeeIntroduction t oFiltersforinformationaboutcreatingand modifyingfilters.You c analsocheckourWebsiteperiodicallyfornewandupdatedfilters(http://www.endnote.com).

Comparing a Filter to a Data File

Ifyouareuncertainwhetherafiltermatchesadatafilethatyouhave d ownloaded,youcancomparetheformatfromyourdownloadeddatafile t oafilter.Todoso,selectafilterintheFilterManager,andclick t heEditbutton.WhentheFilterwindowopens, selecttheTemplatesoption i nthelistattheleftofthewindow todisplaythetagsrecognizedby t hatfilter. Thetagsandtemplatesinthefiltershouldmatchthedatainthefile y ouwanttoimport.SeeThe B asicComponentsofaFilterfor informationabouteditingfilters.

Changing the Filter Folder

Bydefault,allfiltersprovidedwithEndNotearestoredintheFilters f olderfoundintheEndNoteX6programfolder.Thesearethe filtersdisplayed w henyouopentheFilterManager.EndNotealsodisplaysfiltersfound i nyourpersonalFiltersfolder. Whenyoucreateanewfilter,itissavedtoyourpersonalFiltersfolder. W henyouattempttosavechangestoanexistingfilter, youmustuseSave A stosaveacopytoyourpersonalFiltersfolder.Formoreinformation aboutyourpersonalfolders,andinformationabouthowtochangethelocation o fyourpersonalfolders,seeFolder L ocationsPreferences.

Creating Files That EndNote Can Import

Creating Structured Text Files that EndNote Can Import
WhatdoyoudoifyourdataisnotinaformatthatEndNotecanautomatically i mport?Youcandooneofseveralthings(orevena combinationthese o ptions):

l Rearrangethereferencedatausingyourword processorsothatitisinaformatthatEndNotecanimport(oneof t hetwo optionslistedattheendofthistopic). l Copyandpasteeachpieceofdatafromitssource intotheproperfieldsinEndNote,asdescribedinCopying a ndPasting References. l EnterthedatamanuallybytypingitintoEndNote asdescribedinEntering R eferences. CreatingafilethatEndNotecanimportcanbealotofworkifyour d ataisinanarbitraryorinconsistentformat.Ifyouonlyhavea few r eferencestoimport(lessthan30or40),itmightbefasterandeasier t oretypethemorcopyandpastethereferencesthanto trytoputthem i ntoaformatthatEndNotecanimport. However,ifyouhavemanyreferencestoimport,itmightsavetimeto f irstmanipulatethedatainawordprocessorasbestyou can,andthen i mportthereferencesintoEndNoteandcleanupthereferencesthere. E veniftheimporteddatadoesnotcome throughperfectly,itcanberearranged w ithEndNotesvariouscommands,drag-and-drop,andcopyandpaste. Thesearetwodifferentformatsthatyou c anputyourdataintosuchthatitcanbeimportedintoEndNote: l Atab-delimited f ormat(bestifyourdataisinadatabaseorspreadsheetthat c anexporttoatab-delimitedfile) l Atagged f ormat(bestforwhenyourdataisinawordprocessordocument a ndlookslikeabibliography) Note:Toallow f ortheappropriateimportofUnicodecharacters,saveTextEdit f ilesasWestern(MacOSRoman),andsave MicrosoftWordfiles a sUnicodeText(UTF-8).Iftheappropriateoptiondoesnot a ppearontheSavedialog,youcanfirstselectit underPreferences.

Creating a Tab-Delimited Format

TheTab-delimitedimportoptioncanimporttextfilesinwhicheach r eferenceisseparatedbyaparagraphmark(), a ndthefields withinareferenceareseparatedbytabs.Mostdatabases o rspreadsheetscanexportatab-delimitedtextfile.

Preparing the Data Before Exporting

Author Names Beforeyouexportdatafromadatabaseorspreadsheetintoatextfile, w erecommendthatyouseparatemultipleauthornames withasemicolon ( ;)ortwoforwardslashes"//".Forexample: McCartney,P.//Harrison,G.//Lennon,J. Ifyoucannoteasilydothisinyourdatabase,youcandoitafterexporting o rmanuallyeditthedataafteritisinEndNote. Reference Types Ifpossible,youshouldmakesurethateachreferenceincludes a fieldindicatingthereferencetype.UseEndNotesReference Typenames s othatEndNoteisabletorecognizetheformats.Ifyouhaveonlyone t ypeofreference(suchasJournalArticles),it isnotnecessarytodo t histheimportsettingscanindicatethatallreferencesshouldbeimported asjournalsbydefault. IfyoucannotlabeleachreferencewiththeappropriateReferenceType name,youshouldexportyourdataintoseparatefiles basedonreference t ype.Thismakesiteasytopreservetheoriginalreferencetypesofthe r eferenceswhenimportingthedata filesintoEndNote.

Preparing the Data File for Import

Oncethetab-delimitedfile(s)aregenerated, y oumustopeneachfileinatexteditororwordprocessorandaddtwo l inestoit. TheselinestellEndNotewhatthedefaultreferencetype i sforthedataandhowthedatashouldbeinterpreted. First Line: The Default Reference Type Thefirstlineofthefilemustdefinethedefaultreferencetypefor t heentirefile.Theformatforthefirstlineisanasteriskimmediately f ollowedbyavalidEndNotereferencetype,followedbyaparagraphmark ( ).Forexample: *JournalArticle<> Afileofjournalarticlesmightlooklikethis: *JournalArticle Author Woo,W//Lee,L <> <> <> <> <>

<tab> Year <tab>Title <tab> 1995 <tab> RainHats

<tab> Journal <tab> J.ofEating

<tab> Volume <tab> 1 <tab> 3

Jones,J//Shoe,S <tab> 1994 <tab> EasyFood

<tab> J.ofClothing <tab> 2

Carlos,C\\Luis,L <tab> 1991 <tab> CellPhone <tab> J.ofPhones Default Reference Type Table First Line: Customized Reference Type

Ifyouhavecustomreferencetypes,youmaycheckthembyfollowing t heseinstructions. 1. SelectPreferencesfromtheEditmenu. 2. SelectingReferenceTypes. 3. ClicktheModifyReferenceTypesbutton. Afileofarticlesinwhichyouareusingcustomizedreferencetypes m ightlooklikethis: *MyReferenceType <> Author Jones,J//Shoe,S Woo,W//Lee,L Carlos,C\\Luis,L <> <> <> <>

<tab> Year <tab>Title <tab> 1994 <tab> EasyFood <tab> 1995 <tab> RainHats

<tab> Journal <tab> J.ofEating

<tab> Volume <tab> 1 <tab> 3

<tab> J.ofClothing <tab> 2

<tab> 1991 <tab> CellPhone <tab> J.ofPhones Customized Reference Type Table

Note: Ensurethat t hegenericfields forthereferencetype(ModifyReferenceTypesdialog) a ppearinline2. First Line: Using Multiple Reference Types Ifyoucouldnotmakeseparatefilesbasedonreferencetype,youcan s pecifyeachreferencetypewithinonefile.Inthiscase, your f irstlinemustbethelistoffieldnamesfoundintheGeneric r eferencetype,startingwithafieldfor"ReferenceType." T hen youcanusetheadditionalReferenceTypecolumntodefinetheactual EndNotereferencetypenames.Forexample: ReferenceType <tab> Author JournalArticle BookSection Report <tab> Year <tab>Title <tab> Secondary Title <tab> Volume <> <tab> 1 <tab> 2 <tab> 3 <> <> <>

<tab> Jones,J//Shoe,S <tab> 1994 <tab> EasyFood <tab> Woo,W//Lee,L <tab> 1995 <tab> RainHats

<tab> J.ofEating <tab> J.ofClothing

<tab> Carlos,C\\Luis,L <tab> 1991 <tab> CellPhone <tab> J.ofPhones Using Multiple Reference Types Table

Second Line: EndNote Field Names Thesecondlineofthetab-delimitedfilemustcontaintheactualfield n amesusedbyEndNoteintowhichyouwantthedata imported.Theorder o fthefieldnamesdoesnotmatteraslongastheycorrespondtothe o rderofthedataintherowsbeneath themandcorrespondtothenames o fthedefaultreferencetype. Forexample,ifyourdefaultreferencetypeis"*JournalArticle," t henthefieldnamesinthesecondlineofyourfilewillbethoseof theJournalArticlereferencetype: *JournalArticle Author Woo,W//Lee,L <> <> <> <> <>

<tab> Year <tab>Title <tab> 1995 <tab> RainHats

<tab> Journal <tab> J.ofEating

<tab> Volume <tab> 1 <tab> 3

Jones,J//Shoe,S <tab> 1994 <tab> EasyFood

<tab> J.ofClothing <tab> 2

Carlos,C\\Luis,L <tab> 1991 <tab> CellPhone <tab> J.ofPhones EndNote Field Names Table

Note:Thefield n amesmustbeseparatedbytabsandaparagraphmarkmustfollow thelast f ieldname. Additional Considerations l ANSI,ASCII,orUTF-8formattedtextfilescan b eimported.Thismeansthatnofontstyles ortextstyles canbe p reserved duringimport. l Allfieldnamesandreferencetypenames in t hefilemustbeidenticaltothoseinEndNote.SeetheList ofReferenceTypes foralistingofallofthereferencetypes a ndfieldnames. l Multipleauthornamesshouldbeseparatedby s emicolons(;)orbytwoforwardslashes(//). l Fieldscannotcontaintabsorparagraphmarks. L etthelinesofdata"wrap"tothenextline. l Leadingandtrailingspacesareremovedduring i mporting. l Nouppercaseorlowercaseconversionismade duringimporting. l Areservedfieldnamecalled"Unused" m aybeusedfordatathatyoudonotwantimportedintoEndNote. Errors While Importing Tab-delimited Files WhenyouarereadytoimportthisfileintoEndNote,selectImportfrom t heFilemenu,andthenselectTab-Delimitedasyour importoption.See G eneralImportingInstructions. IfEndNotecannotimportarecordorafieldwithinarecord,itwill alertyoutotheerror.Therearethreebasicalerts: l Bad Default Reference TypeThedefaultreferencetypethatyouspecified inthefirstlineofthefileisnotavalidEndNotereferencetype name.(Theproblemcanbeassimpleasextraspacesafterthereference t ypenameinyourtextfile.) l Bad Field Name Afieldnamethatyouenteredinline2ofthefileisnotavalid E ndNotefieldname. l Missing Reference Type InformationThereisnodefaultreferencetypespecified f orthefileandthereisnoreference typefielddefinedforthe r eferences. Ifyougetoneoftheseerrormessagesduringtheimportprocess: 1. Opentheimportfileinawordprocessor. 2. Correcttheproblem.

3. Savethefileasatextfile 4. Repeattheimportprocess. Related Topics: ChoosingtheCorrectImportFilter CreatingaCustom"Tagged"Format CreatingaTagged"EndNoteImport"File CreatingStructuredTextFilesthatEndNoteCanImport DirectExportfromWebPages GeneralImportingInstructions ImportOptions ImportingReferenceDataintoEndNote ImportingReferencesDownloadedfromCD-ROMsandOnline ImportingReferencesFromOtherBibliographicSoftwarePrograms SummaryofOutputFormatsandCorrespondingImportOptions

Creating a Custom "Tagged" Format

Ifyouhavealargebibliographythatyouwouldliketoimportinto E ndNote,itmaybepossibletouseyourwordprocessorsFind andReplace c ommandstoinsertdescriptivetagsinfrontofsomeofthefieldsof d atasothatEndNotecanaccuratelyimportthe references.Inaddition t oaddingtags,youalsoneedtomakeafiltertoreadyourtags.(See C hoosingtheCorrectImport F ilterfor informationaboutusingapredefinedEndNoteImportformat i fyouwouldrathernotcreateyourownfilter.) Thistopicoutlinesthebasicstepstoconvertabibliographyintoa t aggedtextfile. Step I. Save a Copy of Your File l Openyourbibliographyinawordprocessorand s aveacopyofthefilewithanewname(thisisyourbackup). l Removeeverythingbutthereferencedatafrom t hefile. Step II. Add Descriptive Field Tags Useyourwordprocessors FindandReplacecommandstosearchforunique delimitersbetweenfields,andinsertparagraph marksanddescriptive f ieldtagsinfrontofspecificfields.Forthisexample,wewillshow a verysimplecasewhereonlythestart ofeachreferenceistagged,and t hefilterdoestherestofthework.Thisworkswellforreferencelists t hathavecleardelimiters separatingtheindividualcomponentsofthe r eference(author,year,title,andsoon).Insomecases,youmayhave b etterresults makingadditionalreplacementsinthetextfilebefore importing.Themoretagsyouaddtoyourdata,thegreaterdegreeofaccuracy y oucangetwiththeimportfilter. Supposeyourreferenceslooklikethis: Jones,M. Billoski, Theprocessofconvertingthisbibliographicformattoataggedformat w ouldbesomethinglikethis: l Search f or2paragraphmarks(sincethereferencesareseparatedby1blank l ine),andreplacewithtwoparagraphmarksanda tag"XX-" f ollowedbyaspace. Theresultisataggeddatafilethatlookslikethis: XX-Jones,

XX-Billoski, Onceyouhavemadeallthechangestotagasmuchofthedataasnecessary, s avethefile(asaplaintextfile),andcreatean importfiltertomatch t hetagsandformatsofthereferences. Step III: Create a Filter UsingEndNote,createanewfiltertoreadyourdatafile(seeCreating a NewFilter).Thetemplateofafilterfortheabovedatafile would l ooklikethis: Tag XXField Author (Year)"Title"Journal.Vol. V olumeno. Issue,

Note:Eachfield l istedfortheTagmustappearineachofyourreferences.Ifareference i smissinganyofthefields,theentire referencewillnotbeimported i ntoyourEndNotelibrary. Step IV: Clean Up the Data Afteryousetupyourfilewithtagsandcreateafiltertoimportit, y oushouldtestandrefinethefilterbyimportingintoanew library. O nceyourfilterisworkingasyouwouldlikeit,youcanuseittoimport t hedatafileintoyourrealEndNotelibrary. Ifyoucannotgetthefiltertoimporteverythingexactlyasyouwant, y oumayhavetodosomemanualeditingtocorrectthiseither beforeor a fterimportingthedataintoEndNote.Youmightfinditusefultoimport i ntoatestlibrary,thenusetheChangeFields, Move/CopyFields ,andFindandReplaceoptionsto c leanupthedata.Then,transferthesereferencestoyourreallibrary w ith drag-and-drop,copyandpaste,ortheImportcommand.

Creating a Tagged EndNote Import File

TheEndNoteImportformatisataggedformatbasedontherulesofRefer/BibIXformat.Inthisformat,eachfieldofdata(that i s, Journal,Volume,orTitle)isprecededbyanidentifyingtag: a percentsign(%)followedbyasinglecapitalletter,anumber,ora specialcharacter.Entirereferencesareseparatedbyoneblankline: %0Book %AGeoffrey C haucer %D1957 %TThe W orksofGeoffreyChaucer %EF. %IHoughton %CBoston %N2nd %0Journal A rticle %AHerbert H .Clark %D1982 %THearers a ndSpeechActs %BLanguage %V58 %P332-373 %0Thesis %ACantucci, E lena %TPermian s tratainSouth-EastAsia %D1990

%IUniversity o fCalifornia,Berkeley %9Dissertation

Author Names in the EndNote Import Format

l Author n amesusethe%Atag.Thistagshouldrepeatforeachauthor,with t henameslistedoneperline: %AJones, M ary %ASimon,Jeff l Author n amescanappeareitheras: GeoffreyChauceror l Either i nitialsorfullnamesareaccepted.

Defining Reference Types

Setthereferencetypeforeachoftheimportedreferencesbyusing % 0(zero)andthereferencetypename. Thedefaultreferencetypesarelistedbelow.Ifyouhavemodifieda r eferencetype,yourEndNotedatafilesshouldusethenew nameinstead. %0Generic %0Government D ocument %0Aggregated D atabase %0 G rant %0Ancient T ext %0 H earing %0Artwork %0 J ournalArticle %0Audiovisual M aterial %0 L egalRuleorRegulation %0Bill %0 M agazineArticle %0Blog %0 M anuscript %0Book %0 M ap %0Book S ection %0 M usic %0Case %0 N ewspaperArticle %0Catalog %0 O nlineDatabase %0Chart orTable %0 O nlineMultimedia %0Classical W ork %0 P amphlet %0Computer P rogram %0 P atent %0Conference Paper %0 P ersonalCommunication %0Conference Proceedings %0 R eport %0Dictionary %0 S erialPublication %0Edited B ook %0 S tandard %0Electronic Article %0 S tatute %0Electronic Book %0 T hesis %0Encyclopedia %0 U npublishedWork %0Equation %0 W ebPage %0Figure %0 U nused1 %0Film o rBroadcast %0 U nused2 %0 U nused3 Reference Types Table

EndNote Tags and Corresponding Fields

ThetablebelowshowsthetagsrecognizedintheEndNoteImportformat a ndthecorrespondingEndNotefieldintowhicheach taggeditemisimported f ortheGenericreferencetype.Forotherreferencetypes,manyfields maybemappedtotheNotesfield sincealimitednumberoffieldsare i ncludedineachreferencetype. Note:TheFigurefieldisnotincludedforimporting Tag %A %B %C %D %E %F %G %H %I %J %K %L %M %N %O %P %Q %R %S %T %U %V %W %X %Y %Z %0 %1 EndNote Generic Field Name Author SecondaryTitle(of a BookorConference Name) PlacePublished Year Editor/SecondaryAuthor Label Language TranslatedAuthor Publisher JournalName Keywords CallNumber AccessionNumber Number(Issue) AlternateTitle Pages TranslatedTitle DOI TertiaryTitle Title URL Volume DatabaseProvider Abstract TertiaryAuthor/Translator Notes ReferenceType Custom1

%2 %3 %4 %6 %7 %8 %9 %? %! %# %$ %] %& %( %) %* %+ %^ %> %< %[ %= %~

Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 NumberofVolumes Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Section OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem AuthorAddress Caption FileAttachments ResearchNotes AccessDate Custom8 NameofDatabase EndNote Tags Table

%@ ISBN/ISSN

Related Topics: Choosing t heCorrectImportFilter Creating a Custom"Tagged"Format Creating a Tab-DelimitedFormat Creating S tructuredTextFilesthatEndNoteCanImport General I mportingInstructions ImportOptions Importing R eferenceDataintoEndNote Importing R eferencesDownloadedfromCD-ROMsandOnline Importing R eferencesFromOtherBibliographicSoftwarePrograms Summary o fOutputFormatsandCorrespondingImportOptions

Searching and Sorting in EndNote

Showing and Hiding References
Showing and Hiding References
WhenworkingwithreferencesinyourEndNotelibrary,youcanviewall o fthereferencesorjustasubset.Forexample,ifyou searchforreferences a ndfind10matchingreferences,onlythose10referenceswillappear i nthereferencelist.Inalibrarythat contains210references,the w ords"Showing10outof210references"willappearat t hebottomoftheLibrarywindow.Formore informationaboutselecting r eferencesandworkingwithshowingreferences,see: l SelectingReferences l WorkingwithShowingReferences l UsingShowSelectedandHideSelected

Working with Showing References

SomeEndNotecommands(suchasSearchLibrary,ChangeField,Change T ext,Sort,Print,andExport)canworkwithjustthose referencesthat a re"showing"intheLibrarywindow.Hereareafewexamples o foperationsthatyoucandowiththeshowingreferences: l RestricttheSearchLibrarycommandtosearch onlytheshowingreferences. l Addtheresultsofanewsearchtothecurrentlistofreferencesasawaytocombinesearchresults.SelectAddReferences t omovethereferencestoaparticulargroup. l UsetheFindandReplace,ChangeFields, andMoveFields commandstomodify onlytheshowingreferences. l UsethetermlistsUpdateListcommandtoscan o nlytheshowingreferencesfornewterms. l CreateaSubjectBibliographyfromtheshowing r eferences. l PrintorExportonlythe"showing" r eferences. Onewaytoviewasubsetofreferencesistouse t heSearch Librarycommand.TheShowSelected R eferencesandHide SelectedReferencescommandsintheReferences m enuprovideanotherconvenientwayforyoutocontrolwhichreferences a re showingintheLibrarywindow.

Using Show Selected and Hide Selected

UsetheShowSelectedReferencescommandtorestrictthereferences s howingintheLibrarywindowtoonlytheselectedreferences. TousetheShowSelectedReferencescommand: 1. Selectthereferencesofinterest(holddownthe C trlkey a ndclickthereferenceswiththemouse,orholddowntheShift key t oselectarangeofreferences). 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectShowSelected R eferences.Thereferencesthatyouhadselectedwillnowbetheonly onesshowingintheLibrarywindow. 3. Afteryouhavecompletedyourwork,selectReferences>ShowAll R eferencestodisplayallreferences i ntheLibrarywindow. TheHideSelectedReferencescommandissimilartotheShowSelected R eferencescommandexceptthatittemporarilyhides theselectedreferences i ntheLibrarywindowfromview.

TousetheHideSelectedReferencescommand: 1. Selectthereferencesthatyouwanttotemporarily h ide. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectHideSelected R eferences. 3. Afteryouhavecompletedyourwork,selectShowAllReferencesfromtheReferencesmenuto r eturnallofthereferences totheLibrarywindow. Related Topics: Showing a ndHidingReferences TheSearchWindow Working w ithShowingReferences

Searching for References

Searching for References
EndNoteprovidesapowerfulandflexibleSearchLibrarycommandthat e nablesyoutolocatespecificreferencesorgroups ofreferences.For e xample,youcanselectaverygeneralsearch,onethatscanstheentire l ibrary,oryoucanlimityoursearchesto specificfields (suchasAuthor o rKeywords).Youcanalsocreatemorecomplexsearchesusingavariety o foperatorssuchas And,Or,Not,Greaterthan,Lessthan,andothers. YoucanusetheSearchpaneltosearchEndNotelibrariesaswellasremote databasesthatareavailableonline.SeeQuick O verviewofOnlineDatabaseSearchingforinformationaboutonline d atabasesearches. Thesetopicswillhelpyouinyoursearching: l QuickSearch l TheSearchPanel l SearchCommandTips l SimpleSearches l RestrictingSearchestoSpecific F ields l UsingComparisonOperators l CombiningSearchLineswith"And," " Or,"and"Not" l CombiningResultsfromSeparate S earches l SavingSearchStrategies l Creating a SmartGroupfromanExistingSearchStrategy

Quick Search
Toquicklysearchyourentirelibrary,usethe"QuickSearch" t extboxontheMaintoolbar. Withyourlibrarylistdisplayed, e nterawordorphrase,andthenpressEnter.EndNoteexecutesageneral s earchofallfields.You canusethedrop-downlisttoselectarecent s earchterm.NotethatyoucannotsearchPDFfilesusingQuickSearch. Ifyouneedamorespecificorcomplicatedsearch,useThe S earchPanel.

Search Command Tips

Canceling Searches Pressing ( Esc c ancelsasearchinprogress.

Matching Partial Words UnlessyouhaveselectedtheMatch W ordsoption,EndNotematchespartialwordswhensearchingfortext(both r ight-andlefttruncationareenabled).Consequently,youcansearch f orjusttherootofawordandfindallrelatedterms.Thisisagood t acticfor generalsubjectsearches.Selectanappropriatecomparison o peratorsuchas"Fieldbeginswith"or"Wordbeginswith" t oapply truncationtoyoursearchterm. Diacritics (Accents) Tosearchforspecificdiacritical m arks,selecttheMatchCaseoption;letterssuchas,andwillmatch t hoselettersexactly. Thus,asearchfor"rsum"willnot f ind"resume."Ifyouwanttofindallvariationsofaletter, deselecttheMatchCaseoption. SeeEntering S pecialCharactersforinformationaboutenteringdiacritics. Finding Tabs and Carriage Returns UsetheOptionsbuttontoinsert a TaboraCarriageReturninthesearchline. Searching for Numbers Whenyousearchforanumber, E ndNotelooksforthatstringastext,exactly,inyourreferencetext. F orexample,asearchon "AnyField"which"Contains" t hesearchtext"0025"willmatchthenumbers00025and0025, b utitwillnotmatch25. Thereisanexceptionforrecord n umbers.Recordnumbers,whichareassignedbyEndNote,cannotinclude l eadingzeros.When yousearchAnyFieldforanumber,EndNotelooksfor a nexactmatchinalltextfields;however,leadingzerosarestripped f rom yoursearchtextbeforecomparingittorecordnumbers.Onlyanexact matchofarecordnumberwillbereturned.So,asearchfor "0025" w illmatchrecordnumber25.Itwillnotmatchrecordnumber250. Searching with Multiple Libraries Open TheSearchLibrarycommandsearches onelibraryatatime.Viewthelibraryyouwanttosearch,andusethe S earchpanel. Author Fields ThefieldnamesintheFieldlist a reEndNotes"Generic"fieldnames,whichmeansthatAuthor representsReporter,Editor,Artist oranyothervariationsoftheAuthor f ieldusedinthedifferentreferencetypes. Ifyouwishtosearchforauthor i nitials,makesuretoincludeaspacebetweenthefirstandsecondinitial. Forexample: Smith,JP Ifyoudonotincludeaspace b etweeninitials,EndNotewillassumethatJPisacompletefirstname. Tolimityoursearch,selectthe " MatchWords"checkbox.Forexample,asearchforSmith,J P withMatchWordsselectedwill findonlythoseworkswithSmith,J P intheAuthorfield.AsearchforSmith,JPwithoutMatchWords s electedwillalsofind referencesbyauthorssuchasSmith-Wilkins, J eremiah. The Year Field WhensearchingintheYearfield, a searchfor"1994"retrievesonlyreferencespublishedin1994, w hereasasearchfor"94" retrievesreferencesfromthe1940s and1994.

Finding Empty Fields EndNotecansearchforemptyfields. S electthedesiredfieldfromtheFieldlist,selectIsasthecomparison o perator,andleave thesearchtermblank.ClickSearchandEndNotefinds r eferencesinwhichthechosenfieldisblank. Finding File Attachments Youcaneasilysearchforaspecific f ileattachmentbyname.Searchfor: FileAttachments Is [nameofthefile]

Tosearchforallreferencesthat i ncludefileattachments,enterthesetwosearchlines: NOT RecordNumber FileAttachments Isgreaterthanorequalto Is 1 [blank]

Thefirstlineensuresthatall r eferencesaresearched,andthesecondlinelooksforreferencesinwhich t heFileAttachmentsfield isnotblank. Note: A nothereasywaytoseereferenceswithfileattachmentsistosimply c lickonthepaperclipheaderintheLibrarywindow tosortthosereferences a tthetopofthelistofreferences. Cleaning Up Search Results Afterexecutingasearch,there m aybeahandfulofreferencesthatyouwanttoexcludefromthesearch r esults.SelectthosereferencesandselectHideSelectedReferencesto h idethemfromthesetoffoundreferencesanddisplayexactlythereferences thatyouwant.Oftenthisismucheasierthantryingtorefineyoursearch. Viewing the Opposite of Your Search Results Letssaythatyouhavesearched f orallofthereferenceswrittenbyBilloski o rHall,soyouarecurrentlyviewingonlythosereferences.Now,you w ouldliketoviewthereferencesnotwrittenbythoseauthors.Instead ofdoinganothersearch: 1. Clickinthelistofreferences. 2. FromtheEditmenu,chooseSelectAll( C trl+A)toselectalloftheHallandBilloski r eferences. 3. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectShowAllReferences ( CtrlShift+M).Noticethat t heoriginalselectionismaintained. 4. FromtheReferencesmenu,selectHideSelected R eferences. Youareleftviewingonlythosereferencesthatwerenotpreviously s howingintheLibrarywindow,thatis,allreferencesnot writtenby H allorBilloski. Setting and Restoring Defaults for the Search Panel Click t heOptionsbutton a ndselectSetDefaulttosavethecurrentconfiguration o ftheSearchpanelasyourdefault.Thedefault configurationwillappear w heneveryoufirstdisplaytheSearchpanel. Thelayoutofthewindow(suchasthenumberofsearchlines)issaved, a sarealloftheoperators,fieldnames,andtheMatch CaseandMatch W ordsettings.Thesearchtermsarenotsaved. Click t heOptionsbutton a ndselectRestoreDefaultontheSearchpaneltoclearout allofthesearchtermscurrentlyenteredin theSearchpanel,andreset a llofthesettingsbacktothedefaultconfiguration.

Related Topics: Combining R esultsfromSeparateSearches Combining SearchLineswithAnd,Or,andNot Restricting S earchestoSpecificFields Saving S earchStrategies SimpleSearches TheSearchWindow Using C omparisonOperators

Simple Searches
Using Quick Search Onthetoolbar,typeasearchtermintothe"QuickSearch" t extboxandpressEntertosearch a llreferences.SeeQuickSearch. UsingtheSearchpaneltofindallreferences thatcontainaparticular t erm: 1. DisplayAllReferencestomakesureyouaresearching y ourentirelibrary. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibrary(Ctrl+F).Or,clickontheSearch t abintheTabspanel. 3. SetthesearchfieldtoAnyFieldandthecomparison l isttoContains. 4. Typethedesiredtextintothefirstsearchline. 5. ClickSearchtobeginthesearch. Ifnoreferencesinthelibrarymatchyoursearchrequest,EndNotedisplays " Nomatchingreferenceswerefound."Otherwise,all matching r eferencesaredisplayedintheLibrarywindow.(Clickonacolumnheader t oapplyasortorder). Whenyouarefinishedworkingwiththefoundreferences,clicktheAll R eferencesgrouporselectShowAllReferences (Ctrl+M) fromtheReferencesmenutorestore allreferences toview,orstartanothersearch. Aftercompletingasearch,EndNotedisplaysthesamelibrarythatyou w ereviewingbeforethesearch,howeveronlythereferencesthatmatch y oursearchrequestsareshowing. Thereferencesfoundinthelastsearchoperationaresavedinatemporary SearchResultsgroup.Eachtimeyourunasearch,the temporarySearch R esultsgroupisupdatedwiththenewsetofreferences.Whenyouclose t helibrary,thistemporarygroupisdiscarded.

Restricting Searches to Specific Fields

UsetheFieldlistontheSearchpaneltonarrowyoursearchtoaspecific f ield.YoucanselectAnyFieldtolookforyoursearch termsinanyof t hefields inyourreferences. Forexample,tofindreferencespublishedin2010,restrictthesearch t otheYearfieldtoavoidfindingentriesthatinclude2010in theabstract, t itle,orelsewhere. ThefieldnamesintheFieldlistareEndNotes"generic" f ieldnames.Forexample,AuthorrepresentsReporter,Editor,Artistor anyothervariationsoftheAuthorfieldusedinthedifferentreference t ypes.SeetheGeneric r eferencetypeforacompletelistof genericfieldnamesandtheircorresponding f ieldnamesineachreferencetype. EndNotecanimportreferencesfromhundredsofsources,eachofwhich usesitsownsetoffieldnames.Onceyouhavetransferredreferences i ntoEndNote,youwillsearchforinformationbyusingthedestination E ndNotegenericfieldnames,andnotthe

originalfieldnamesfromthe i nformationprovider.Forexample,thePMID n umberfromPubMedtypicallytransfersintotheAccessionNumberfield i nEndNote.TosearchforaspecificPMIDinEndNote,searchtheAccessionNumberfield.

Searching Fields and PDF Files

YoucansearchallfieldsandattachedPDFfilesinyourselectedreference l ist. 1. SelecttheAnyField+PDFwithNotesoptionfromtheFieldlist. 2. SelectanitemfromtheComparisonlisttoindicate h owthesearchterm(s)shouldrelatetothesearch. 3. Enterthesearchterm(s)thatyouwanttolocate. F orexample,youcanenterasingletermorastringofterms 4. ClicktheSearchbutton. Thefollowingrulesapply whenyouselectthePDFoptionortheAny F ield+PDFoptionfromtheFieldlist. l Bydefault,EndNoteignorescapitalizationwhen s earchingfortext.Forexample,asearchforthetermhospital a lsofinds Hospital. l Ifyouenteraphrase,EndNoteretrievesreferences t hatcontainthewordsyouenteredinanyfieldorinaPDFfile. T he wordsappeartogetheriftheyareinanyEndNotefieldorany P DFfile.Forexamplethequery,hospital careretrievesreferencescontainingthetermhospital careineitherafieldoraPDFfile. l EndNotesearchesquotationmarks("" ) ascharacterswhenyouselectaspecificfield,thePDFoption, ortheAnyField+ PDFwithNotesoption.Forexample,thequery poured cold waterretrievesreferences t hatcontainthequotedphrase pouredcoldwaterwithinareference,aPDFfile,orwithinaSticky Note.Thephrase"poured c oldwater"isignoredby EndNotesinceitdoesnotcontain q uotationmarks. Reminder: Match C aseandMatchWordrulesapplywhentheseoptionsareselected.See T heSearchPanelformoreinformationabout t hesefeatures. Rules for Single Word Searching WhensearchingforasinglewordinanyfieldusingtheContainscomparison o perator,EndNoteappliesbothleft-andright-hand truncation. F orexample,theterm plantfinds: Plant plant plant c lassification planter "plant"

Using Comparison Operators

Comparison Operators The"comparisonoperators"areusedtoindicatehowthesearch t ermrelatestothechosenfieldinthatsearchline.Forexample,if y ouhaveasearchlinethatlookslikethis: Field Title Comparison Operator Search Term Contains Dinosaur Comparison Operator Table

YouwillbesearchingforreferenceswheretheTitle(thesearchfield) c ontains(thecomparisonoperator)dinosaur(thesearch term). Thecomparisonoperatorsfunctionasfollows: l Contains:findsallreferenceswhere t hesearchfieldincludesthesearchterm.Thesearchtermincludes bothleftandright truncation,soasearchfor"house" w ouldfind"house,""greenhouse,"and"household" a nywhereinthefield.Ifyouwantto limitthesearchspecifically t otheword"house,"checktheMatchWordsboxontheSearch d ialog. Note:Onlythe " Contains" comparisonoperatorisavailablewhensearching o nlinedatabases.Thefollowingoperatorsareavailableforsearching t heEndNotelibrary.Pleasenotethatsomeoperatorsmaynotworktogetherwithsomeoptionsselectedfrom theFieldlist. l Is:findsallreferencesinwhichthe e ntirecontentofthesearchfieldisexactlythesameasthesearch t erm. Note:Thisoperatordoesnotworkinsearcheswhereyouselectthe"AnyField+PDFwithNotes"optionfromtheFieldlist. l Is Less Than:findsallreferences i nwhichthesearchtermislessthanthecontentsofthesearchfield. l Is Less Than or Equal To:findsall referencesinwhichthesearchtermislessthanoridenticaltothe c ontentsofthesearch field. l Is Greater Than:findsallreferences i nwhichthesearchtermisgreaterthanthecontentsofthesearch f ield. l Is Greater Than or Equal To:finds a llreferencesinwhichthesearchtermisgreaterthanoridentical t othecontentsofthe searchfield. Note: F orallofthe"GreaterThan"and"LessThan"comparisons, t hecomparisoniseithernumericaloralphabetical basedonthenature o ftheterm.Whenthefieldshavebothnumbersandletters,numbersare c onsidered"lessthan" letters,andemptyfieldsareignored. l Field Begins With:findsallreferences inwhichthesearchtermisfoundatthebeginningoftheselected f ield(alsoreferredto asrightfieldtruncation).Thesearchterm c anbeapartialword,afullword,orseveralwords,andwillbe c omparedtotheinitial textinthefield.Ifyouentermorethan a singleword,rememberthatpunctuationandspacesaresignificant, s oyoumustenter exactlywhatisfoundinthereference.Ifyoudo n otwanttomatchpartialwords,checktheMatchWordsbox. Note:Thisoperatordoesnotworkinsearcheswhereyouselectthe"AnyField+PDFwithNotes"optionfromtheFieldlist. l Field Ends With:findsallreferences i nwhichthesearchtermisfoundattheendofthefield(alsoreferred t oasleftfieldtruncation).Thesearchtermcanbeapartialword, a fullword,orseveralwords,andwillbecomparedtotheending t extinthe field.Ifyouentermorethanasingleword,remember t hatpunctuationandspacesaresignificant,soyoumustenterexactly whatisfoundattheendofthefield.Ifyoudonotwanttomatch p artialwords,checktheMatchWordsbox. Note:Thisoperatordoesnotworkinsearcheswhereyouselectthe"AnyField+PDFwithNotes"optionfromtheFieldlist. l Word Begins With:findsallreferences i nwhichthesearchtermisfoundatthebeginningofawordanywhere i nthefield (alsoreferredtoasrightwordtruncation).Punctuation a ndspacesareignored.Thiscanhelpyoufindwordsthatstartwith t he sameroot.Forexample,searchingforawordthatbeginswith " land,"wouldalsofind"landing"and"landfill," b utnot"Iceland" or"island." Note:The"Field b eginswith,""Fieldendswith,"and"Wordbegins w ith"comparisonsalltreatAuthorfieldslikeanyotherfield. There i snomanipulationofsurnamesandfirstnames;EndNotesimplylooksat t heliteralstringoftextinthefield.

Examples of Comparison Operators in Searches Field Year Year Year Comparison Operator Is g reater than Is l essthan Is g reater than orequalto Is l essthan Is l essthan orequalto Is g reater than orequalto Contains Is Is Field b egins with Field e nds with Word b egins with Search Term 2000 2000 1998 EndNote finds: all referencespublishedafter2000 all referencespublishedbefore2000 references p ublishedduringorafter1998

Title Author Author

A C S

all referenceswheretitlesstartwithanumber all referenceswithauthorswhoselastnamesbeginwithA,B,ora n umber;thiswould notmatchanamesuchas"Carter," a s"CaisgreaterthanC all referenceswithauthorswhoselastnamesbeginwithS-Z

Title Title Abstract Title Abstract Any Field

hawaii hawaii sediment dinosaur house

all referenceswith"hawaii i nthetitle all referenceswith"hawaii a stheexacttitle all referenceswithnoabstract(emptyfield) all referenceswheretitlesstartwith"sediment,"including " Sediments,"and"Sedimentation,"butnot " Synsedimentary all referenceswhereabstractsendwith"dinosaur,"which w ouldinclude"duck-billed dinosaur,"butnot"dinosaur extinction"or"dinosaurs" all referenceswhereanyfieldincludesawordthatbeginswith"house," w hichwould includetextsuchas"U.S.HouseofRepresentatives" a nd"household,"butnot"greenhouse"

Combining Search Lines with AND, OR, and NOT Operators

YoucancombinesearchlinesontheSearchpanelwiththeBoolean o perators"And,""Or,"and"Not"toproduce t hefollowing effects: l ANDfindsreferencesthatmatchthe p recedingsearchline(s)andthefollowing s earchline.Andnarrowssearchresults. Example:A s earchfor"triceratops"AND"extinction"findsonly t hosereferencesthatmentionbothterms. l ORfindsreferencesthatmatcheither t heprecedingsearchline(s)orfollowing s earchterm.ORbroadensthesearch. Example:A s earchfor"triceratops"OR"extinction"findsall r eferencesthatincludeeitherterm. l NOTfindsallreferencescontaining t heprecedingterm(s)andthenomits r eferencesthatcontainthesubsequentterm.NOT narrowssearchresults. Example:A s earchfor"triceratops"Not"extinction"findsall r eferencesincluding"triceratops,"excludinganytriceratops referencesthatmentionedextinction. YoucanusetheBooleanoperators(AND,ORandNOT)insequencewith a smanyasninesearchlinestobuildyoursearch strategy.

Itemsincombinationsearchesareexecutedfromthetopfieldtothebottomfield o ftheSearchpanel.Forexample,ifyouhave enteredfoursearchlines ontheSearchpanel,EndNotecarriesoutthesearchbycombiningtheresults o fthefirsttwoitemswith thethirdsearchline.Thoseresultsarecombined w iththefourthsearchlinetoproducethefinalsearchresults. Related Topics: Combining R esultsfromSeparateSearches SearchCommand T ips SimpleSearches TheSearchPanel Using C omparisonOperators

Combining Results from Separate Searches

Bydefault,EndNotesearchesthecurrentgroupandthendisplaysonly t heresultsofthesearchintheLibrarywindow.Tosearch onlyasubset o freferences,ortocombineyoursearchresultswithotherreferences, s electoneofthefollowingoptionsfromthe SearchSetlistontheSearch t ab.

Search Whole Library/Search Whole Group

IfAllReferencesoroneoftheautomatictemporarygroupsaredisplayed i nthereferencelist,thefirstiteminthesearchsetlist (andthe d efaultsetting)isSearchWholeLibrary.ThetabitselfistitledSearch. U setheSearchWholeLibrarysettingtomake sureyouaresearchingevery r eferenceinyourlibrary. Ifthereferencelistdisplaysacustomgroup,smartgroup,orOnlineSearch g roup,thefirstsearchsetitemisSearchWhole Group.Usethissettingtolimityoursearchtoaspecificgroupofreferences. ThetitleoftheSearchpanelchangestoSearchplus thenameofthegroup, s uchasSearch-Literature.

Add Search Results to Currently Showing References

Select"Addtoshowingreferences"ifyouwanttosearchthe w holelibraryandaddtheresultsofyoursearchtoasubsetofshowing r eferences.Forexample,ifyouhavealreadyfoundagroupofreferences w rittenbyKomarin2000,andnowyouwant t oadd allreferenceswrittenbyBilloskiin1997: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibrary (Ctrl+F). 2. Enter"Billoski"inAuthorand"1997" i nYear. 3. FromtheSearchSetlist,selectAddtoshowing r eferences. 4. ClickSearchandyoushouldseethecombinedresults o fthetwosearches.

Search Only the "Showing" References

Selectthe"Searchshowingreferences"optioninthe S earchdialogtorestrictasearchtoonlythosereferencesthatarecurrently displayedintheLibrarywindow. Thisisusefultonarrowtheresultsofaprevioussearch,tosearch a savedgroupofreferences,ortosearchasetofreferences thatyou h avejustimportedfromanotherlibraryoronlinedatabase.

Omit Search Results from Showing References

Selectthe"Omitfromshowingreferences"optiontohide t heresultsofasearchfromthereferencesthatareshowinginthe Library w indow.Thisisaconvenientwaytolocateallreferencesthatdo not includeaparticulartermortonarrowtheresultsofa previous s earch.Forexample,tofindallreferencesnotaboutextinction:

1. WithallofthereferencesshowingintheLibrary w indow,selectSearchLibraryfromtheToolsmenu. 2. SelectOmitfromShowingReferences fromtheSearch S etlistontheSearchpanel. 3. Type"extinction"intothefirstsearch l ine,leavingtheFieldlistsettoAnyField. 4. ClickSearch. EndNotedisplayseveryreferenceexceptthosethatcontaintheword " extinction." Related Topics: Combining SearchLineswithAnd,Or,andNot Saving S earchStrategies SearchCommand T ips Searching f orReferences SimpleSearches TheSearchWindow Using C omparisonOperators

Saving Search Strategies

TheSaveSearchandLoadSearchcommandsaccessed w iththeOptionsbuttonallowyoutosavethesettings c urrentlyonthe Searchpanelandrecallthemforlateruse.Mostofthe o ptionsontheSearchpanelaresaved,includingthesearchterms;however, t hetargetofthesearch(theEndNotelibraryoronlinedatabase)isnot s aved. Tosaveasearch: 1. ConfiguretheSearchpanel. 2. Click t heOptionsbuttonandselectSaveSearch. 3. Adialogappears,promptingyoutonamethesearch s trategy.EnteroreditthenameandclickSave.The s earchfilesare savedbydefaultintheEndNote\Searches f olderintheWindowsApplicationDatafolder. Y oumaysavethemelsewhereif youprefer,butEndNotewillopento t hisSearchesfolderwhenyouchoosetoLoadasavedsearch.EndNoteadds".ENQ asthefilenameextensionforsavedsearches. Toloadasavedsearch: 1. OntheSearchpanel,clicktheOptionsbuttonandselectLoadSearch. 2. Inthedialogthatappears,selectthesearchstrategy t hatyouwouldliketouse,andclickOpen. 3. ThecontentsandsettingsoftheSearchwindow c hangetoreflectthesavedsearch.ClickSearchtoinitiatethesearch. Whenyousaveasearchstrategy, i tiseasytorunacomplicatedsearchagain,whichyoumaywanttodo a syouaddreferences tothelibrary. Youcansavethesearchresults ( thesetofmatchingreferences)asagroup.Youcanusethesavedsearch s trategytosetupa smartgroup. S martgroupsareupdatedasyouaddreferencestoyourlibrary.Or,you c ansavethespecificresultstoacustom group,butthegroupwillnotbeupdatedasyouaddreferencesto y ourlibrary;youwouldneedtorunthesearchagaintofindreferences e nteredsincethelastsearch. Related Topics: CombiningResultsfromSeparate S earches

CombiningSearchLineswithAnd, O r,andNot SearchCommandTips SearchingforReferences SimpleSearches TheSearchWindow UsingComparisonOperators

Finding Duplicate References

Inordertohelplocateduplicatereferences, EndNoteoffers aFindDuplicatescommand.Thiscommandsearchesthereferences thatarecurrentlyshowingintheLibrarywindowtoidentifyduplicates. D uplicatesaredeterminedbasedontheduplicatecriteria specifiedin p references.SeeDuplicates Preferences. Tofindalloftheduplicatereferencesinalibrary: 1. With t heLibrarywindowopen,clickontheAllReferencesgrouptoshow a llreferences. 2. FromtheReferencesmenu, s electFindDuplicates. EndNotewilldisplayaFindDuplicatesdialogwhereyoucancompare d uplicatesanddecidewhichversiontokeepand whichtodelete. Differencesbetweenreferencefields areshownwithbluehighlighting. I naddition,EndNotetakesyoutothefirstreference fieldinwhich t hereisdissimilarcontentbetweenthetwoduplicatereferences. S crollthroughthelisttoseewhichfields containduplicatecontent andwhichcontaindissimilarcontent. 3. Foreachsetofduplicates, youhavetheoptionto: l Click K eepThisRecordtosavethatparticularreferenceandthrowtheother o neintheTrash. l Click S kiptoleavebothreferencesinthelibrary,intact.Theywillappear i natemporaryDuplicateReferencesgroup,so youcanreviewthem later. l Click C anceltostoptheDuplicateReferences operation.Allduplicates w illappearinatemporaryDuplicateReferences groupifyouwish t oreviewthem. Theolder(firstentered)referencewillalwaysappearintheleftcolumn. Warning:Before s electingKeepThisRecord,whichwilldeletetheduplicate,checkthe r ecordnumberstobesurethatyouare notdeletingareferencealready c itedinapaper. Bydefault,referencesareconsideredduplicatesiftheyhavethesame r eferencetype(suchasJournalArticleorBook),andthe Author,Year, a ndTitlefieldsareidentical.Thecriteriafordetectingduplicates c anbechangedusingtheDuplicates s ettingsin EndNotesPreferencesdialog. Referencesthatappearidenticalmaynotshowupasduplicatesifthe informationinthefields EndNotechecks isslightlydifferent orifthe referencetypesaredifferent.Whentryingtodeterminehowreferences d iffer,itishelpfultoknowexactlyhowEndNote comparesthem. Author:Compareslastnameand f irstinitials(evenifthefirstormiddlenamearewritteninfull). C apitalizationisnotimportant. Year: Comparedexactlyasentered. Title: Leadingarticles"A," " An,"or"The"areignored,butpunctuationisincluded. C apitalizationisnotimportant. Reference Type:Comparedexactly a sentered.

Whentherearenomoresetsofduplicatestocompare,theFindDuplicates d ialogcloses.TheDuplicateReferencesgroupis refreshed,theTrash g roupcontainstheunwantedduplicatereferences,andallothergroups a reupdatedappropriately.TheDuplicateReferencesgroupisempty unlessatleastonesetofduplicateswasskippedortheDuplicateReferences o perationwascancelled.

Finding Text in a Single Reference

Whenyouhaveareferencethatcontainsasignificantamountoftext, s uchaslongabstractsornotes,itcangethardtofind things! Tojump t ospecifictextwithinareferencewiththeGoTocommand: 1. Openareference.TheGoTocommandworksonthecurrentlyopen reference.Ifmorethanonereferenceisopen,itworkson the topmostreference. 2. FromtheReferencemenu,selectGoTo. 3. Typethetextyouwanttolocate,andthenclickNext(orpressReturn). ThenumberofcharactersyoucanenterintheGoTodialogdependsonthesizeofthesymbols.Whenpastingtextinthe dialog,beawareofthislimitation.TheGoTodialogalsoincludesadrop-downlistofrecentlysearchedterms. EndNotewilljumptothetextandhighlightitwithinthereference.YoucanuseGoToagaintofindthenextoccurrence,orclick CanceltodismisstheGoTodialog. Related Topics: Creating a NewReference Entering R eferences Important PointsAboutReferences Opening R eferences Previous a ndNextReferenceCommands Searching f orReferences SimpleSearches

Sorting the Library

Sort Library Dialog
TheSortLibrary c ommandprovidesawaytoarrangeallreferencesshowing i ntheLibrarywindow forbrowsing,exporting,printing,orcopying. Bydefault,thereferenceslistedintheLibrarywindow are automaticallysorted b ythefirstauthorslastname. Youcanchangethesortorderbyselecting S ortLibraryfromtheToolsmenu(seeSorting t heLibrary)orbyclickingthecolumn headings.Whenyousorta library,thatsortorderisretainedevenafteryoucloseandreopena l ibrary. Tochangethesortorder: 1. Clickinthereferencelist. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSortLibrary. 3. Selectoneormorefieldnamesfromthelistsin t hedialog.Enterthefieldnamesintheorderyouwantthereferences

sorted.Youdonothavetouseallfiveoptions. 4. Clickthebuttontotherightofeachfieldto i ndicateascendingordescendingorder. 5. Withthefieldnamesenteredasdesired,click O K. TheSortOptionsdialogisinitiallysettosortthelibrarybyauthor n ames,inalphabeticalorder,andthenreferencespublishedby thesame a uthoraresortedbyyear(fromoldesttonewest). Note:EndNotereads t hedefaultlanguage(orlocale)settingfromyouroperatingsystemand u sesitasthedefaultlanguagefor charactersorting.However,youcan overridethedefaultlanguagesettingonthisdialog.TheKoreansort o ptionwasaddedto EndNoteX2,andwillbeignoredbyearlierversions o fEndNote. Related Topics: SortingPreferences Special C asesinSorting The R eferenceListPanel

Special Cases in Sorting

Exceptfortitlefields,quotationmarks,parenthesesandotherpunctuation m arksareconsideredduringasort.Inanalphabetic sort,punctuation c omesfirst,thennumbers,thenlettersA-Z. Ifthefieldyouselectedtosortbyisemptyinaparticularreference, o rnotincludedintheselectedreferencetype,thatreference willsort beforetheotherreferencesinascendingorder.

Author Names
WhenyouselecttheAuthorfieldforsorting,authornamesfromthe f irstAuthorfieldaresortedbylastnamefirst,thenfirstinitial. Next,authornamesfromtheSecondaryAuthorfieldarecomparedforsorting. T hen,authornamesfromtheTertiaryAuthorfield arecomparedforsorting. Ifareferencehasmorethanoneauthorinasinglefield,EndNoteincludes t headditionalauthorsinthesort(upto255characters) beforemoving o ntootherfields. IfyouselectthespecificFirstAuthorfieldtosort,onlythesurname i susedforsorting. IfyourEndNotelibraryincludesauthornames withconnectivessuch a sde,di,van,andvon,youmaywantEndNotetoskip thesepartsofthenameinordertosortthereferencesbytheprincipalelementofthesurname.SeeSortingPreferences .

Titles
Whensortingbytitlefields,EndNoteignoresthewordsA,An, a ndTheaswellaspunctuationatthestartofthetitles.You m ay enteradditionalwordsthatshouldbeignoredforsortingpurposes w hentheyappearatthebeginningofatitle.Todoso,seeSorting P references .

Sorting Diacritical Characters

CharacterswithdiacriticsaresorteddifferentlyinEnglish,Spanish, S wedish,andotherlanguages.EndNotereadsthedefaultlanguage(orlocale) s ettingfromyouroperatingsystemandusesitasthedefaultlanguage f orsorting.EndNotetypicallysortsdiacriticalcharactersaccording t otherulesofthelanguageselectedforyouroperatingsystem;however, y oucanoverridethe defaultlanguagesettingontheSort O ptionsdialog. Related Topics:

Sortingthe L ibrary The R eferenceListPanel

Using Groups
About Groups and Group Sets
About Groups and Group Sets
Groupsmakeiteasytobreakalargelibraryintosubsetsforlater v iewing.Agroupsimplypointstoasubsetofreferencesthat already e xistinthelibrary. Youcanfurtherorganizeyourreferencesbystoringmultiplegroups i ngroupsets.

The Types of Groups in EndNote

Thereareseveraltypesofgroupsthatmakeiteasytoorganizeyour r eferencesinEndNote.Thefirstsectionofgroupsareautomaticallygenerated, a ndincludebothpermanentgroupsandtemporarygroups. Permanent Groups i ncludeAllReferences,Unfiled,andTrash.Thesearegroupsthatyou c annotremoveorrename.AllReferencesdisplayseveryreferenceinthe library.Unfileddisplaysthosereferencesthatarenotpartofacustom g roup(and, optionally,smartgroups).Trashisaholdingplaceforreferences y ouhaveremovedfromthelibrarybuthavenotyetpermanentlydiscarded b yemptyingtheTrash. Temporary Groups i ncludeCopiedReferences,DuplicateReferences,ImportedReferences, S earchResults,andseveral FullTextgroups.Thesetemporarygroups may bereplacedasyouusecommandsinEndNote,andarealwaysdeletedwhen youclosealibrary.(Onlythegroupsaredeleted;thereferencesremain i nthelibrary.) Custom Groups a remanuallycreatedbytheusertohelporganizethelibrary;youcan drag-and-droptocopyindividualreferencesintoacustomgroup.Custom Groupsarelistedalphabetically(click theMyLibraryheadertotoggle b etweenascendinganddescendingorder). Smart Groups u sesearchcriteriatodynamicallyupdategroupsasexistingreferences areeditedornewreferencesare addedtothelibrary. Combination: U secombinationgroupstobetterorganizeyourEndNotereferences.Combine g roupsanduseAND,OR,and NOTtocreatenew,usefulsmartgroupsets. S avereferencesingroupsandthensavesetsofgroupsingroupsets. Y oucan collectbothcustomgroups andsmartgroupswithinthesamecombination g roupset. Online Search g roupsallowyoutoeasilyinitiateasearchofafavoriteonlinedatabase a ndquicklyviewthelatestdownload. Find Full Text groupsaretemporary,andappearonlywhenyouusetheFindFull Textcommand. Whenyouclickonagroupname,thenameishighlightedandthereference l istisupdatedtoreflectthereferencesfoundinthat group.

The Types of Group Sets in EndNote

GroupsetsareindicatedbygroupsetheadingsintheGroups panel. E achsetmaylistanumberofgroups.Somegroupsetsare permanentand c annotberemoved: l Online Search Forinformationaboutonlinesearching, see H owto S earchan O nlineDatabase. l Find Full Text ForinformationaboutFindFullText, s eeFindingFullText f oraReference. Youcanalsocreateanynumberofgroupsets.Groupsets c ancontainanycombinationofcustomgroups,smartgroups,andcombinationgroups.SeeUsingGroupSets

Expandorcollapsethelistunderagroupsetheadingbyclickingthe t riangleplus(+)orminus(-)icon.Whenasetiscollapsed, thenumber n exttothegroupsetheadingreflectsthetotalnumberofreferences f oundinallgroups intheset. PleasealsoseeDisplayingor H idingGroupsandImportantPoints aboutGroups. Related Topics: CustomGroups ManagingGroups SmartGroups TemporaryGroups

Displaying or Hiding Groups

Display Modes
IntheLibrarywindow,youcanwork in I ntegrated L ibrary&OnlineSearchModeorswitchbetween L ocal L ibraryModeandOnline Search M ode.Toselectadisplaymode,clickontheappropriatetoolbar b utton.

ThedefaultdisplayisIntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearchMode, w hereallgroups andcommandsareavailable.Whenyoudownloadreferences f romanonlinedatabase,theyaresaveddirectlyintoyouropenlibrary. Y oumaywanttoalwaysworkinIntegrated Library&OnlineSearch M ode. TheotheroptionistoswitchbetweenLocalLibraryModeandOnline S earchMode.InLocalLibraryMode,alllibrarycommands areavailable, butOnlineSearchgroupsarenotavailable;onceyouselecttheOnline S earchcommandfromtheToolsmenu,you areautomaticallyswitchedto O nlineSearchMode. InOnlineSearchMode,onlytheOnlineSearchgroupsareavailable, a ndreferencesaredownloadedintoatemporarylibrary.This allowsyou t odownloadreferencesfromonlinedatabaseswithoutaffectingyourlocal library;onceyoudeterminewhichreferencesyouwanttokeep, youcan c opythemtoapermanentEndNotelibrary.Manylibrarycommandsarenot a vailableinOnline SearchMode.SeeHow t oSearchanOnlineDatabaseforstep-by-stepinformationaboutsearching onlinedatabases. Formoreinformationaboutthedisplaymodes,seeThe LibraryWindowDisplayModes.

The Groups Panel

TheleftpaneloftheLibrarywindow liststhegroupsinthecurrent l ibrary,alongwitharecordcountforeachgroup.Anewlibrary mayhave v eryfewgroups.TheAllReferences,Unfiled,andTrashgroupsarepermanent, a ndcannotberemoved. Clickaminussign(-)next t oagroupsetheadingtohidethelistofgroupsunderthatheading. C lickaplussign(+)nexttoagroup setheadingtodisplaythelist o fgroups inthatgroupset. Youcandragtheseparatorbarbetweenthegroupnamelistandthereference l isttoadjustthesizeofthepanels. Youmaynotalwayswanttodisplaygroups,asthatpaneltakesupscreen s pace.FromtheGroups menu,selectHideGroups or ShowGroups.

Important Points about Groups

Keepthesepointsinmindasyouworkwithgroups: l Youcancreateupto5,000customgroups andsmartgroups(combined)inasinglelibrary. l Youcancreateamaximumof5,000groupsetsin a singlelibrary. l Youcanaddareferencetoaparticulargroup onlyonce(basedontheuniquerecordnumber).Asinglereference w illnever appearmorethanonceinaparticulargroup.However,you c anaddthatreferencetoanynumberofgroups. l Whenyouareviewingagroupofreferenceswith s elected(highlighted)references,andthenswitchtoviewingAll R eferences,thesamesetofreferencesareselectedintheAllReferences v iewuntilyoudeselectthem. l Youcandragreferencesfromonelibrarydirectly intoagroupinanotheropenlibrary.Thereferencesarecopiedto t hesecondlibraryandintothetargetgroup. l Removingareferencefromacustomgroupdoes notdeleteitfromthelibrary.Itremovesthereferencefromthe g roupsubset,butthereferencestillexistsinthelibrary. l Deletingareferencefromalibraryalsodeletes i tfromallgroupsinthatlibrary.Thereferencenolongerexists. H ighlightthe reference,gototheAllReferencesview,andthenselect M oveReferencestoTrashfromtheReferencesmenu. l Whenyoudeleteareferencefromasmart g roup,EndNotealsodeletestherecordfromtheAllReferencesgroup, w ithno warning. l OnceyoumoveareferencetotheTrashgroup, itisnolongerofficiallyinyourlibrary(itwillnotappearin a nyothergroupor referencelist,itisnotincludedinyourreference c ount,anditcannotbesearchedorcited).However,untilyouselect EmptyTrashfromtheReferencesmenu,youcanstilldragthereferencefromtheTrashgroup b acktoyouractivelibrary. Related Topics: About G roupsandGroupsSets CustomGroups ManagingGroups SmartGroups TemporaryGroups

Group Sets
Using Group Sets
Beforelong,youcouldhavealargenumberofgroupsinyourlibrary. Tohelporganizeyourgroups,youcancreateupto5,000 groupsets.Groupsetscancontainanycombinationofcustomgroupsandsmart g roups. Usetheplus(+)orminus(-)signsnexttoagroupsetheadertoexpand o rcollapsethelistofgroupsfoundinthatgroupset.When thelist i scollapsed,thenumbernexttothegroupsetheaderreflectsthetotal n umberofreferencesfoundineachgroup.This numbercouldincludeduplicates ( referencesthatareincludedinmorethanonegroup). Somegroupsetsareautomaticandcannotberemovedorrenamed.These includethesetsOnlineSearch,EndNoteWeb,and FindFullText. Togetstartedwithgroupsets,see: l AboutGroupsandGroupSets l CreatingaGroupSet

l ChangingthePositionof aGroupSet l RenamingaGroupSet l DeletingaGroupSet

The Lost & Found Group Set

TheLost&Foundgroupsethasspecialproperties.Chancesarethat y ouwillneverseethisgroupset.Itappearsonlyinveryspecificsituations. T hisisoneexample: 1. YouopenyourlibrarywithEndNote X 6. 2. Youcreate a groupsetandagroupofreferenceswithinthegroupset. 3. Youthenmovethelibrarytoanothermachine. 4. Youopenthelibrarywithanolder v ersionofEndNote.TheearlierversionofEndNotedidnotincludethe g roupsetfeature andsoitignoresyourgroupsetinformation. 5. Yousavechangestothelibrary. 6. Youmovethelibrarybacktotheoriginal m achineandopenitagainwithEndNote X 6. EndNoteremembers t hatyou h aveasavedgroup,butitdoesnotknowunderwhichgroupsetitshould belocatedsoit placesthegroupinaLost&Foundset. TheLost&Foundgroupsetisatemporaryholdingplace. Y oucannot a ddtoanygroups tothisset, renamethem,orsearchthem. Theonly t hingthatyoucandoisdragagroupfromthissettoanothergroupset.Once y oudothat,allfunctionalityreturnstothe group.Onceyouhavemoved a llgroupsfromtheLost&Foundset,theLost&Foundsetis r emoved.

Creating a Group Set

Anewlibrarybegins withasinglegroupsettitledMyGroups. H owever,youcancreateupto5,000groupsetsinyourEndNote library. Tocreateagroupset: 1. FromtheGroups menu,selectCreateGroupSet. 2. Enteranameforthenewgroupset. Whenyoufirstcreateagroupset,therearenogroupslistedbelow t heheading.Youcandraggroups tomovethemfromother groupsetsto t henewgroupset,oryoucancreatenewcustomgroups,smartgroups,and/orcombinationgroups underthenew heading.

Changing the Position of a Group Set

Tochangethepositionofagroupset: Clickonthegroupsetheading,holddownthemousebutton,anddrag a nddropthegroupheadingtoitsnewpositionintheGroups panel.The n ewpositionwillberememberedeachtimeyoustartEndNote. Youcanchangethepositionofanygroupset,includingOnlineSearch, E ndNoteWeb,andFindFullText.

Renaming a Group Set

Torenameagroupset:

1. Clickonagroupsetheadingtoselectit. 2. FromtheGroups menu,selectRenameGroupSet. Or,right-clickonthegroupnameandselectRenameGroupSet. 3. Enteranewnameforthegroupset. Renamingdoesnotaffectthegroupsfoundintheset.Yourgroups will r emainintact. Youcannotrenamethepermanentgroupsets:OnlineSearch,EndNoteWeb, a ndFindFullText.

Deleting a Group Set

Areyousureyouwanttodeletethatgroupset?Whenyoudeleteagroup s et,allofthegroupswithinthatsetarealsodeleted!The references a renotdeleted;theystillresideinyourlibrary. Todeleteagroupset: 1. Right-clickonagroupsetheadingtodisplaya m enu. 2. Fromthemenu,selectDeleteGroupSet. Youcannotdeleteanyofthepermanentgroupsets:OnlineSearch,EndNote W eb,andFindFullText. Youalsocannotdeletethelastgroupsetleftinalibrary. E achlibrarymusthaveatleastonegroupsetasaplacetostore n ewcustomgroups,smartgroups,and/orcombinationgroups.

Automatic Groups
Permanent Groups
Permanentgroups aremaintainedbyEndNote,andcannotberenamedor d eleted.Thepermanentgroupsare:

l All References: T hisdisplaysallofthereferencesinthecurrentlibrary.Ifyou h ighlightasubsetofreferencesinthisgroup andthendisplayonly t hoseselectedreferences,thenameofthegroupchangestoShowing R eferences.Thestatusline alongthebottomofthewindowwillalways t ellyouhowmayreferencesyouareviewingplusthetotalnumber o freferences inthelibrary. l Unfiled: T hisgroupcontainsthosereferences thatarenotpartofacustom g roup(andoptionallynotpartofasmartgroup). R ight + clickonUnfiledto d isplayacontextsensitivemenuand t ogglethe s ettingExcludeSmartGroupsinUnfiled/ IncludeSmartGroups in U nfiled. l Trash: T hisgroupcontainsthereferencesyouhaveremovedfromthelibrary b yhighlightingreferencesandselectingMove ReferencestoTrash f romtheReferencesmenu.Whilethereferencesareofficiallynolonger i nyourlibrary(theywillnot appearinanyothergrouporreference l ist,theyarenotincludedinyourreferencecount,andtheycannot b esearchedor cited),theyarenotcompletelydeleteduntilyougo t otheReferencesmenuandselectEmptyTrash.Untilyouselect Empty T rash,youcanstilldragreferencesfromtheTrashgroupbackto y ouractivelibrary.

Temporary Groups
Thereareseveralgroupsthatarecreatedautomaticallyandaretemporary; t heyexistonlywhilealibraryisopen.Allofthese groupsmaybeavailable a tthesametime.ClosingEndNoteorjustthelibrarywilldeleteatemporary g roup,butthereferences

themselvesarenotdeletedfromthelibrary. Thetemporarygroups are: l Copied References: T histemporarygroupdisplaysthelastgroupofreferencesthatwere r etrievedinOnlineSearchMode andthencopiedintoyourpermanent l ibrarywiththeReferences>CopyReferencestocommandorthe C opytoLocal Libraryicononthetoolbar.SeeHow t oSearchanOnlineDatabase. l Duplicate References: T hisgroupshowstheresultsofduplicatedetectioninyourlibrary. Y oucanrunduplicatedetection withtheReferences>DetectDuplicates c ommand.SeeFinding D uplicateReferences. l Imported References: T hisgroupshowsthelastgroupofreferencesimportedinto t helibrarywiththeFile>Importcommand.Eachtimeyouimport a dditionalreferencesintothelibrary,thisgroupisreplacedwith t henewsetofreferences.See General I mportingInstructions. l Search Results: T hisgroupshowstheresultsofthelastsearchperformedonthecurrent E ndNotelibrary.Eachtimeyou executeanothersearchonthelibrary, t hisgroupisupdatedwiththenewsearchresults.SeeSimple S earches. l Find Full Text groups:WhenyouusetheReferences>FindFullText>FindFullTextcommand t ofindthefulltextofa reference,aFindFullTextgroupsetappears, w ithseveraltemporarygroupsinit.Theyinclude Searching,FoundPDF, FoundURL, a ndNotFound.SeeFinding F ullText. Becausetemporarygroupsaredeletedwhenyouclosethelibrary,you m ayoccasionallywanttosaveoneofthemtoacustom groupsoitisavailable d uringalatersession. Tosaveatemporarygroupasacustomgroup: 1. Clickonthegroupnametodisplaythelistof r eferencesinthegroup. 2. Toselectallreferencesinthelist,firstclick i nthelist,andthengototheEditmenuandchooseSelectAll. 3. FromtheGroups menu,selectAddReferencesTo> C reateGroup. 4. Nameandsavethenewgroup. Note:Youaresaving a specificsetofreferences.Ifyouaddmorereferencestoyourlibrary, t hesearchresultsyousavedtoa customgrouparenotupdated.Youwould n eedtore-runthesearchtofindthenewreferences.

Custom Groups
Custom Groups
Customgroupsareperfectforwhenyouwanttobuildagroupofreferences t hatarenoteasilyfoundbyindextermorothercommontext.Youcan b rowsethroughyourreferencelistanddragindividualreferencestoa c ustomgroup.

Creategroupsetsinordertoorganizeyourcustomgroupsandsmart g roups.SeeGroupSets. Customgroupsandsmartgroupsarelistedalphabeticallywithineach g roupset.ClicktheMyLibraryheaderatthetopofthe Groupspanelto t ogglebetweenascendinganddescendingorder. Togetstartedwithcustomgroups,see:

l CreatingaCustomGroup l AddingReferencestoaCustom Group l RemovingReferencesfrom aCustomGroup

Creating a Custom Group

Youhavetwooptionsforcreatingacustomgroup.Youcanselectreferences a ndthenaddthemtoanewgroup,oryoucancreate anemptygroupand t henaddreferencestoit. Tocreateacustomgroup: 1. Highlightthenameofthegroupsettocontain t henewgroup. 2. Useoneoftheseoptions: l FromtheGroups menu,selectCreateGroup. l Right-clickonthegroupsetnametodisplayacontext-sensitivemenuand s electCreateGroup. l Selectreferencesinareferencelist,then g ototheGroups menuandselectAddReferencesTo>Create G roup. 3. Enteragroupnamethatisanywherefrom1to255 c haractersinlength.Therearenorestrictionsonthecharacters y oucan useinagroupname.Itispossibletogivetwodifferent g roupsthesamename. 4. Yournextstepistoaddreferencestothenew g roup.SeeAddingReferences t oaCustomGroup. Youarelimitedto5,000customandsmartgroupsperlibrary.Onceyou r eachthatlimit,youmustdeleteagroupbeforeyoucan addanewone. Ifyoudonothaveagroupsetselectedwhenyoucreateanewgroup, t henewgroupwillbeaddedtothenearestgroupset.

Adding References to a Custom Group

Youcanaddreferencestoaneworexistingcustomgroupatanytime. Youdonothavetoworryaboutcopyingthesamereferencetoagroupmore t hanonce;EndNotewillnotallowduplicates(basedonuniqueEndNote r ecordnumbers). Toaddreferencestoagroup: 1. First,selectthereferencesyouwant t oaddtothegroup.Youcandothisinmanyways,forexample: l Clickonanindividualreferencetoselect i t. l Displayalistofreferences(suchassearch results),clickinthelistofreferences,andthengotothe E ditmenuand chooseSelectAll. l HolddowntheShiftkeyandclickontwo referencestoselectarangeofcontiguousreferences. l HolddowntheCtrlkeyandclickonindividualreferencestoselectthem. 2. Addthereferencestoagroup.Youhave s everalmethodsavailable: l Draganddroptheselectedreferencesonto a nexistingcustomgroupnameintheleftpaneloftheLibrary w indow. l FromtheGroups menu,selectAddReferences T oandthenselecteitherthenameofanexistingcustomgroup o r CreateGroup.

l Right-click o nthereferencelisttodisplayamenu,select AddReferencesTo,andthenselecteitherthenameofan existing c ustomgrouporCreateGroup. How do you know which references are not included in any custom groups? TheautomaticUnfiledgroupincludes r eferencesthatdonotappearinanycustomgroups. TheUnfiledgroupmayormaynot i ncludereferencesthatarepartofasmart g roup.Right-clickonUnfiledtodisplayacontext sensitivemenuandtogglethesettingExcludeSmartGroupsinUnfiled /IncludeSmartGroupsinUnfiled.

Removing References from a Custom Group

Youcanremovereferences fromanyofyourcustomgroupsoronlinesearch g roups.Thereferenceswillstillbeinyourlibraryand appearunder A llReferences-theyjustwillnotappearinthatparticularcustom g roup. Toremovereferences fromacustomgroup: 1. IntheleftGroupspanelofthelibrary w indow,clickonthenameofthegroup. 2. Inthereferencelist,selectthe r eference(s)youwanttoremove. Y oucanselectmultiplereferences: l HolddowntheShiftkey a ndclickontworeferencestoselectarangeofcontiguousreferences. l HolddowntheCtrl k eyandclickonindividualreferencestoselect t hem. 3. SelecttheRemoveReferencesfrom G roupcommandinoneoftheseways: l PresstheDeletekeyon y ourkeyboard. l FromtheGroups menu, s electRemoveReferencesfromGroup. Rememberthattheselectedreferencesareonlyremovedfromthisgroup. T heystillexistinAllReferencesandpossiblyinother groups. Ifyoureallywanttodeletethereferencesfromyourlibrary,seeDeletingReferencesfromaGroup. Warning:When y oudeletearecordfromasmartgroup,EndNotealsodeletestherecord f romAllReferenceswithoutwarning. Torestorethereference, g otoTrash,andthenright-clicktobringupamenu.SelectRestoreto L ibraryandEndNotereturnsthe referencetothesmartgroup.

Smart Groups
Smart Groups
Smartgroupsarebuiltwithsearchstrategies.Smartgroupsaredynamically u pdatedasyouaddreferencestoandeditreferences inthelibrary. Youcancreategroupsetsinordertofurtherorganizeyoursmartgroups a ndcustomgroups.SeeUsingCustom G roupSets. Tostartworkingwithsmartgroups,see: l CreatingaSmartGroup l Creating aSmartGroupfromanExistingSearchStrategy l EditingaSmartGroup

Creating a Smart Group

Smartgroupsarebuiltwithsearchstrategies andaredynamically updated a syouaddreferencestoandeditreferencesinthe library. Note:Youcannot c reateasmartgroupwhenanOnlineSearchgroupisdisplayed,whether y ouareshowingIntegratedModeor OnlineSearchMode. Tocreateasmartgroup: 1. Displaythesetofreferencesthatyouwouldlike t osearch.ThiswouldtypicallybeAllReferences. 2. FromtheGroups menu,selectCreateSmartGroup. A searchdialogappears. 3. Enteranameforthegroup,thenyoursearchstrategy, andthenclickCreate. TheSmartGroupsearchdialogworksthesameastheregularSearchpanel. I fyouneedmoreinformationabouthowtousethe Searchdialog,seeSearchingforReferences. Thenewsmartgroupwillbeaddedtothenextgroupsetaftertheone beingsearched.Ifyouaresearchingallreferences,itwillbe inthe t op-mostgroupset.Youcandrag-and-dropthenewsmartgroupto a nygroupset. Related Topics: Creating a SmartGroupfromanExistingSearchStrategy Editinga SmartGroup

Creating a Smart Group from an Existing Search Strategy

Youmayhavealreadycreatedandsavedasearchstrategytofindasubset o freferences.Ratherthanrunthesearchagaineach timeyouenterand e ditreferences,youcanusethesavedsearchstrategytocreateasmart g roup. Tocreateasmartgroupfromasearchstrategy: 1. ClickonAllReferencestodisplay a llreferencesinthelibrary. 2. IntheTabspanel,clicktheSearch t ab. 3. ClickOptions,andthenselectLoad Search. 4. Locate,select,andopenthesearch s trategytoloaditintotheSearchpanel. 5. ClickOptions,andthenselectConvert t oSmartGroup. AConvertedSearchgroupiscreatedandstoredasthefirstgroupin t henextgroupset.Ifyousearchedallreferences,theConverted S earchgroupwillappearasthefirstgroupunderthefirstcustomgroup s et.Ifyousearchedagroupsubset,theConverted Searchgroupwillappear a sthefirstitemunderthenextgroupset.Youcandrag-and-dropthe s martgrouptoanygroupset. Thesmartgroupwillbeupdatedwithmatchingreferenceseachtimeyou s aveareference. Youcanrenamethenewgroup.SeeRenaming a Group. Related Topics: Creatinga S martGroup Editinga SmartGroup

Editing a Smart Group

Youmayhavecreatedasmartgrouponlytofindthatyouneedtotweak t hesearchstrategyforthegroup. Toeditasmartgroup: 1. HighlightthesmartgroupnameintheGroupspanel. 2. FromtheGroups menu,selectEditGrouptodisplay t hesmartgroupsearchdialog.Thecurrentsearchstrategyisdisplayed. 3. Modifythesearchstrategyasneeded,andclick S ave. IfyouneedmoreinformationabouthowtousetheSearchdialog,see S earchingforReferences. Thesmartgroupupdatesbasedonthenewsearchstrategy.

Combination Groups
Creating a Combination Group
Combinecustomandsmartgroups underasinglegrouptobetterorganize y ourEndNotereferences.UseAND,OR,andNOT logictocreatenew,useful c ombinedgroupsets.Savereferencesincustomandsmartgroups,andthen s avethesesetsof groupsasacombinedgroupset. Tocreateacombinationgroup: 1. FromtheGroups panel,selectCreatefromGroups t odisplaytheCreatefromGroupsdialog. 2. Enteranameforthecombinationgroup. 3. InthefieldsundertheIncludeReferencesheading, s electupto10customand/orsmartgroupstouseasyoursearch c riteria. 4. UseAND,OR,NOTtoincludeorexcludecustomand/or s martgroups inyourcombinedgroupset. 5. YoucanalsousetheAdd(+)andRemove(-)buttons t omanagewhichgroupsyouwanttoincludeinand/orremovefrom your c ombinedgroupset Youarelimitedto5,000customandsmartgroupsperlibrary.Onceyou r eachthatlimit,youmustdeleteagroupbeforeyoucan addanewone. Note:Youcannot i ncludegroupsetsinacombinationgroupset.

Editing a Combination Group

Toeditacombinationgroupset: 1. Selectthegroupthatyouwanttoedit. 2. FromtheGroups panel,selectEditGrouptodisplay t heCreatefromGroupsdialog. 3. Enteranewnameforthegroup(optional). 4. UseAND,OR,NOTtoincludeorexcludecustomand/or s martgroups inyourcombinedgroupset(optional). YoucanalsousetheAdd(+)andRemove(-)buttonstomanagewhich g roupsyouwanttoincludeinand/orremovefromyour combinedgroupset.

Deleting a Combination Group

Todeleteacombinationgroupset: 1. Selectthegroupthatyouwanttodelete. 2. FromtheGroups menu,selectDeleteGrouptodisplay a dialog. 3. ClickDeletetoremovethecombinedgroupsetfrom t heGrouppanel.

Managing Groups
Managing Groups
Seethesetopicsaboutmanaginggroups: l l l l l CreatingaCombinationGroup SearchingaGroup RenamingaGroup DeletingReferencesfrom aGroup DeletingaGroup

Searching a Group
Youcanlimityoursearchingtoaspecificgroupofreferences. Tosearchagroup: 1. Clickonthegroupnametodisplaythereferences intheLibrarywindow. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibrarytodisplaytheSearchpanel. 3. MakesurethesearchsetlistissettoSearch W holeGroup. 4. EnteryoursearchstrategyandclickSearch. Formoreinformationaboutsearching,seeSearching f orReferences.

Renaming a Group
Thereareseveralwaystorenameacustomgrouporasmartgroup,so y oucanchoosetheonethatisthemostconvenientfor you. Torenameagroup: 1. IntheleftpaneloftheLibrarywindow, c lickonthenameofthegroup. 2. SelecttheRenameGroupcommandinone o ftheseways: l Clickonthegroupnameasecondtimetodirectly e ditthename. l FromtheGroups menu,selectRenameGroup. l Right-clickwithyourmouseonthegroupnametodisplayamenu,andselectRename G roup. Youcannotrenametheautomaticallycreatedgroups:AllReferences, D uplicateReferences,ImportedReferences,Search Results,Unfiled,Trash a ndtheFindFullTextgroups.

Deleting References from a Group

Whenyoudeleteareferencefromagroup,itismoved t otheTrashandisdeletedfromallgroupsinyourlibrary. Ifwhatyoureallywanttodoisjustremovethe r eference f romacustomgroup,withoutdeletingthereferencefromyourlibrary, seeRemovingReferencesfrom a CustomGroup. Todeleteareferencefromyourlibrary: 1. Highlightthereference(ormultiplereferences) i ntheReferenceListpaneloftheLibrarywindow. 2. MoveReferencestoTrash. A tthispoint,thereferencesaremovedtotheTrashgroup.TheTrash g roupisatemporaryholdingplace.Thereferences arenolongerin y ourlibrary,andcannotbecitedorsearched,buttheyhavenotbeen i rrevocablythrownawayyet,either.If youchangeyourmind,you c anstilldragareferencefromtheTrashbacktotheAllReferences grouptobringitbackinto thelibrary. 3. Whenyouareabsolutelycertainthatyounolonger w antthereference(s)youhavemoved t oTrash,selecttheTrashgroup andthengototheReferencesmenu a ndselectEmptyTrash. 4. DisplayAllReferencestocontinueworkinginyour library. Warning: When y oudeletearecordfromasmartgroup,EndNotealsodeletestherecord f romAllReferenceswithoutwarning. Torestorethereference,go t oTrash,andthenright-clicktobringupamenu.SelectRestoretoLibrary a ndEndNotereturnsthe referencetothesmartgroup.

Deleting a Group
Whenyoudeleteagroup,referencesareremovedfrom t hegroupbutarenotdeleted;thereferencesthemselvesarestillpart of thelibrary. Temporarygroupsarealwaysremovedwhenyouclosethe library. WhenyoudeleteanOnlineSearchgroup,itdoesnot m eanthatyoucannolongersearchthatonlinedatabase.Youhavenot deletedtheconnectionfilefromdisk,youhavesimplyremoveditasa f avorite.YoucangotoTools>OnlineSearchandselect thatconnection f ileagain. Todeleteagroup: 1. IntheleftpaneloftheLibrarywindow, c lickonthenameofthegroupyouwanttodelete. 2. SelecttheDeleteGroupcommandinone o ftheseways: l FromtheGroups menu,selectDeleteGroup. l Right-clickwithyourmouseonthegroupnametodisplayacontext-sensitivemenu, a ndselectDelete. Thegroupisdeletedfromthelibrary,butthereferencesthatwere i nthegrouparestillpartofthelibrary.

Term Lists
Introduction to Term Lists
EndNotestermlistsareusedtostoretermssuchaskeywords,author names,orjournalnames.Youcanusethesestoredterms whenentering r eferencestoimproveconsistencyandaccuracyofinformationinyour l ibrary.YoucanalsousetheJournalsterm listtostoreabbreviated j ournalnamesthatEndNotecansubstituteforthefulljournalnamein a bibliography. Togetageneralsenseofhowthetermlistswork,heresabriefoverview ofhowtermlistscanbebuiltandusedforsomeonewith anewEndNote l ibrary.Withthedefaulttermlistsettingsinthepreferences,allof t heupdatingofterms,andauto-completion, happensautomatically.If y oudonotlikethisbehavior,youmayturnoffthesesettings(seeTermListPreferences ).

Term Lists are Automatically Maintained

WhenyoucreateanewEndNotelibrary,therearethreeemptytermlists a lreadysetupandreadyforyoutouse:Authors,Journals,andKeywords. Asyouenternewreferencesintoyourlibrary(whetherbytyping,importing, o rpastingthem)EndNote updatesthetermlistsautomaticallysothat t heAuthors,Journals,andKeywordslistsincludealloftheauthornames, journal names,andkeywordsenteredintoyourreferences.

Term Lists Help With Data Entry

WhenyouusetheNewReferencecommandintheReferencesmenutocreate n ewreferences,youwillnoticetwootherfeatures associatedwiththe t ermlists.Asyoubeginenteringanauthorname,EndNoteattemptsto c ompletethenameforyoubysuggestingtheclosestmatchingnameinthe Authorstermlist.Ifyouenteranewnamethatisnotalreadyinyour A uthorlist,the nameappearsinredtexttoindicatethatitisanew a dditiontothetermlist.Whenyoucloseorsavethereference,that n ewterm isaddedtothelist. Whenyouaresearchingforreferences,youcanalsoopenatermlist t opicktheexacttermornameforwhichtosearch. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Important Points About Term Lists

Thefollowinglistincludesusefulinformationabouttermlists. l Termlistsarestoredwiththelibraryandtherefore a respecifictoonlythatlibrary. l Alibrarymustbeopenbeforeyoucaneditits t ermlists. l Ifyouenteralotofreferencesmanually,you m ayfindithelpfultocreatenewtermlistsforthingslikepublisher a ndcity names.Upto31termlistscanbecreatedforanylibrary. l Thereisnolimittothenumberoftermsin a termlist. l Onetermcanbeupto253characterslong. l Termscanbecopiedfromonelistandpasted intoanother.

l Entiretermlistscanbeexportedandimported. l Bydefault,termlistsareautomaticallyupdated f romthetermsenteredinyourreferences.Newtermsappearinred t extin theReferencewindow.Thisfunctionalitymaybeturnedoff u singEndNotesPreferences. l Termlistscanbe"linked"tospecific f ieldssothatEndNoteassociatesthecorrecttermlistwiththefield y ouareediting. l Termslistscanbeusedwiththe"Auto-entry" f eatureonoroff.Bydefault,thisoptionisturnedonsothatEndNote w illsuggesttheclosestmatchingtermasyoutypeinareference. l TheJournalstermliststoresvariousforms o fjournalnamesthatcanbeusedwhencreatingbibliographies.EndNote p rovidesseveralJournalslists(includingHumanities,Medical,and C hemistry)thatcanbeimportedforusewithyourEndNotelibraries. L ookintheEndNoteX6>Termsfolder. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Defining T ermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Exporting and Printing Term Lists

Termlistscanbeexportedandthenimportedintoothertermlistsas awaytomovecompletelistsfromonelibrarytoanother(see Importing TermsintoTermLists). Youcanalsoopenexportedtermlistsinawordprocessortoprintthem. Toexportatermlist: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermLists. 2. Highlightthetermlistthatyouwanttoexport. 3. ClickExportList. 4. Nameandsavethetextfilethatwillbecreated d uringtheexport. 5. ClickOKandthe t ermsareexportedtothetextfileandlistedalphabetically,one t ermperline. ThisfilecannowbeimportedintoanotherEndNotetermlistoropened i nawordprocessortobeprinted.Termlistscannotbe printeddirectly f romEndNote. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Configuring T ermSeparators(Delimiters) Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Copying T ermsBetweenLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames

Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Linking T ermListstoFields Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Manually U pdatingTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Adding Terms to a Term List

Automatic Updating of Term Lists
Bydefault,EndNoteautomaticallyupdatesthetermlistsinalibrary s otheystaycurrentwiththedatathathasbeenenteredinto thereferences. I fyouenteratermintoareference,andthattermisnotintheassociated t ermlistalready,thetermappearsinred texttoalertyouthatyou h aveenteredanewterm.Thiscanhelpyoutomaintainacontrolledvocabulary f orkeywordsandother terms. Youcanturnoffautomaticupdatingoftermlistsifyoudonotwant t ousethetermlistsatall.Youcanalsoturnthisoptionoffand manually e ntertermsintoyourlistsasdescribedinthefollowingsections.For e xample,youcanmanuallyenteralloftheterms youplantouseinto atermlistbeforeenteringreferencesintothelibrary.Thiscanbeextremely helpfulwhenyouhavesomeone elseenteringdataforyouandyouwant a specificvocabularyusedforkeywordsorotherterms.Asreferences areenteredintothe EndNotelibrary,thetermlistscanspeeddataentry, a ndifaredtermappears,thepersondoingdataentryknowsthatthey have enteredsomethingthatwasnotintendedtobeavalidtermforthat f ield. Turning Off the Automatic Updating of Term Lists: 1. FromtheEdit m enu,selectPreferences. 2. SelecttheTermListspanel. 3. Clickthecheckboxesfor"Updatelistswhen importingorpastingreferences"and"Updatelistsduring d ataentry"to removethecheckmark.Thefeaturewillbeturned off. Delimiters EndNotehaspredefinedtermlistsforauthors,keywords,andjournals. W henyouentermultipletermsintothosefieldsandEndNoteupdatesthe t ermlist,itneedstoknowwhenonetermendsandthenexttermbegins. W ecallthepunctuationthatseparates theterms"delimiters." FortheAuthorfields,authornamesmustalwaysbeenteredonename p erline.Carriagereturns(endoflinemarks)aretheonly validdelimiter f orthisfield.Journalsnormallyhavejustonejournalnameperreference i nthisfield,sodelimitersarenotimportant here.Keywordsarethe m ostcomplexofthethree.Bydefault,EndNoteusescarriagereturns(end o flinemarks),semicolons, andbackslashes ( \)asdelimitersfortheKeywordsfield.Ifyouwouldliketouseother d elimiters,see"Delimiters u sedforSeparatingTerms"inManuallyUpdatingTermLists. Related Topics: Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms

Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Copying Terms Between Lists

Youcancopytermsfromonelistandpastethemintoanotherasaway t oquicklytransfertermsbetweenlists.Thisisparticularly usefulbecause t ermlistsarespecifictoanindividuallibrary. Tocopytermsbetweenlists: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermLists,and t henselectthelistwithtermsyouwanttocopy. 2. Selecttheterm(s) t ocopy.(HolddowntheCtrlkeytoselectmultipleterms;usetheShiftkeyto s electarangeofterms.) 3. Right-clickandselectCopytocopythehighlightedterm(s). 4. Openanotherlist. 5. Clickinthelist,andthenright-clickandselectPasteandpress t opasteintheterm(s). Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Copying Terms From Other Sources

Youcancopytermsfromanytext,andpastethemintoatermlist. Forexample,tocopyawordfromapaperyouarewritingandpastethat w ordintoatermlist,firstselecttheterminyourword processorand c opyit.ThenswitchtoEndNoteandopenthedesiredtermlist.Click i nthelist,andthenright c lickandselect Pastetopasteintheterm(s). Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Copying T ermsBetweenLists Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Importing Terms Into Term Lists

EndNoteprovidesseverallistsofjournalnamesandabbreviations,including l istsforChemistry,Medicine(IndexMedicus), a nd theHumanities,allofwhicharestoredintheTermsfolderinthe E ndNotefolder.Ifyouareinterestedinusingtheseabbreviated forms o fthejournalnamesinyourbibliographies,youcanimporttheminto y ourtermlistsandadjustyourstylestousetheabbreviations. Ifyouwouldliketolookatthelistsbeforeimportingthem,youmay opentheminyourwordprocessorbutdonoteditorsave them.Theymust r emaintab-delimitedtextfilesinorderforEndNotetocorrectlyimport t heterms. Termscanbeimportedfromanytextfilethatliststhetermsoneper line.Makesureacarriagereturnisalsoinsertedafterthelast term inthelist.Ifyoucreatealistoftermsinawordprocessingdocument, b esuretosavethelistasplaintextusingtheSaveAs commandinyour w ordprocessor.Then,ifyourtermsincludeextendedcharacters,select t heUnicode(UTF-8)encodingoption. Toimportatextfilethatcontainsterms: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermListsand highlightthetermlisttowhichyouwanttoaddterms.UseCreate L ist ifyouwanttocreateanewlist. Note: E ndNoteprovidesseveraljournallistsintheTermsfolderoftheEndNote f older.Youmaywanttoimportoneof theseliststoaddjournalnames t oyourJournalstermlist.SeeLoading S uppliedJournalAbbreviationsformoreinformation. 2. ClickImportList. 3. Selectthetextfiletobeimportedandclick Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Copying T ermsBetweenLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists Manually U pdatingTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Manually Updating Term Lists

Tocreateatermlistautomaticallyfromwordsalreadyinyourlibrary, u setheUpdateListbuttonontheTermsListdialog.Thisis usefulif y ouhaveturnedoffthepreferencetoautomaticallyupdateyourtermlists, o rifyouhavereceivedalibraryfromacolleaguewithoutatermlist, o rifyouhavedeletedatermlistandwishtorecreateit. TheUpdateListcommandcanapplytojusttheselectedreferences o rallreferencesshowingintheLibrarywindow.Usethe Searchcommand t oshowonlythosereferencesfromwhichyouwanttoupdatethelist. OrselectreferencesintheLibrarywindowandupdatethetermlistfrom j ustthosereferences.SelectShowAllReferencesfromtheReferences m enubeforeusingthe UpdateListcommandtobesurethatyouareupdating t helistfromallofthereferencesinyourlibrary.

Important points about the Update List command:

l UpdateListdoesnotchangethetermsinyour references;itonlyaddsnewtermsfromyourreferencesintotheterm l ist. l UpdateListdoesnotaddduplicateterms to a list. l UpdateListremovesleadingandtrailingspaces, b utdoesnotchangepunctuation. l UpdateListdoesnotautomaticallylinkfields t oatermlist.Foreasydataentry,youcanlinkasingletermlist t oany numberoffields.SeeLinking T ermLists toFields. Toupdateatermlist: IfyouareupdatingtheJournalslist,seeUpdating a JournalList. 1. Determinewhichreferencesshouldbescannedfor t ermsandmakesuretheyareeither"showing"orselected i nthe Librarywindow. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermLists, a ndthenselectthetermlistthatyouwouldliketoupdate. 3. ClickUpdateList. 4. Thecurrentlylinkedfieldsarelistedinthedialog a sthefieldsfromwhichEndNotegathersnewterms.Ifnecessary, removeafieldfromthislistbyselectingitandclickingRemove F ield;oraddanewfieldbyselectingitfromtheAddField list. A ddingorremovingfieldnamesfromthislistdoesnotaffectthe l inksbetweenfieldsandtermlists. TheGenericfieldnamesareusedinthisdialog.SeeList o fReferenceTypestofindthecorrespondingfieldnames f orthe fieldsofvariousreferencetypes. 5. Toupdateatermlistfromonlythecurrentlyselected referencesinyourlibrary,checktheUpdateTermsFromSelected References o ption. 6. ClickOK t o begintheupdatingprocess.Whenfinished,EndNotedisplaysthenumber o ftermsaddedtothelist.ClickOK andtheprocessis c omplete. Note: P ressEscorstopstheupdateprocess,butalltermsadded u ptothatpointarekeptinthetermlist.

Delimiters Used for Separating Terms

Thetextthatisusedtoseparate t hetermsinaparticularfieldisdeterminedbythe"Delimiter" s ettingsontheLists t abofthe TermLists d ialog(selectDefine T ermListsfromthe T oolsmenu). Ifyourkeywordsareseparated byaslash,suchas: Antarctica/ozone/stratosphere youshouldtypeaslash(/)as t hefieldstermdelimiter.Acarriagereturnisalwaysinterpretedas a delimiter,soitisnotnecessary toenteradelimiterfortheAuthor f ields,oranyotherfieldthathastermsenteredone-per-line.Ifdifferent d elimitersareusedfor thesamefieldinyourreferences,youwillneed t odomorethanoneupdateprocess,updatingfromthereferenceswith d ifferent delimitersseparately.

Cleaning Up After Updating

ClickontheTermstab,andscroll t hroughthetermlisttomakesurethattheUpdate L istcommandhad t hedesiredresult.Ifitdid not,youcanhighlightspecifictermsand r emovethembyclickingDelete T erm.

AfterusingtheUpdate L istcommand,you mightfindthatduetoerrors orvariationsinspelling,youhavemultiple e ntriesforthe sameterm.Scanthroughthelistanddeletetheunwanted t erms. Ifnecessary,usetheFindandReplacecommandfromtheEditmenutochange a lloccurrencesofaterminyourlibrary.Forexample,ifboth"geochronology" a nd"geo-chronologyareenteredaskeywords, y oucandeletetheunwantedtermgeochronologyfrom theterm l ist,thenclickontheLibrarywindow,andselectChange T extCtrl+R)fromtheEditmenutochange"geochronology" t o "geo-chronologythroughoutthelibrary. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Copying T ermsBetweenLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Using the "New Term" Command

Tomanuallyaddatermtoatermlist: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermListsand s electthetermlistthatyouwanttomodify. 2. OntheTermstab,clickNewTerm. 3. EnterthetermandclickOKtoaddittothelist a nddismissthe"NewTerm"dialog. Continuethiswayuntilyouhaveaddedthelastterm,thenclickOK t odismissthedialog. Ifyouareenteringterms intotheJournalstermlist,youwillhave o ptionstoenterdifferentformsofthejournalname.SeeImportant PointsAboutEnteringJournalNamesformoreinformationabout u singtheJournallists. Note:TheSave Term(orSaveJournal)buttonisunavailable(dim)ifthenewtermalready existsinthetermlist. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Defining T ermLists Important PointsAboutTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Introduction t oTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists

Using Term Lists for Data Entry and Searching

Inserting Terms into References
Suggesting Terms As You Type (Auto-completion) Ifyouareenteringtextintoafieldthatislinkedtoatermlist, E ndNotefindsthefirstmatchingterminthelistandsuggeststhatas t hetermyouwanttoenter. Thesuggestedtextappearshighlightedafterthecursor.Continuetyping u ntilEndNotesuggeststhecorrectterm,andthenpress Enter o r T abtoacceptit.(Entercreatesanotherlineinthefieldsothatyoucanenter m oreauthornames,forexample;Tab movesthecursortothenextfield i nthereference.) WhenEndNotesuggestsaterm,youcanusetheUporDownarrowsonyour k eyboardtohavethesuggestedtextchangetothe previousornextpossible m atchingterminthetermlist. Whenyouenteratermthatisnotalreadyinthetermlist,itappears i nredtoindicatethatitisanewterm.Whenyoucloseorsave thereference, t hattermisaddedtothetermlistandwillnolongerdisplayinred. Thesetermlistfeaturesmaybeturnedoff.Toturnoffthedisplay o fredtext,turnoffthepreferenceto"SuggestTermsasYou Type." S eeTermListsPreferences. Related Topics: Inserting TermsWithoutUsingtheSuggestionFeature Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Inserting Terms Without Using the "Suggestion" Feature

Ifyouhaveturnedofftheoptiontosuggest t ermsasyoutype,youcanstillinserttermsintoyourreferencesmanually. ToinsertatermfromaTermListwindow: 1. Openareferenceandpositiontheinsertionpoint w hereyouwanttoaddtheterm. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermListsand s electthedesiredlist. Or,inanAuthor,Journal,orKeywordsfield,pressCtrl+1todisplaytheappropriatelist. 3. Double-clickatermtoinsertitdirectlyinto t hereference. Termscanalsobeselectedbytypingthefirstfewlettersoftheterm, b yusingtheArrowkeys,orbyclickingonthetermwiththe mouse.Hold d owntheCtrl k eytoselectmultipleterms.Press E nter t oinserttheselectedtermorclickInsertTerm.Ifmultiple terms a reselectedandinserted,theyarelistedinthereferenceoneperline i nalphabeticalorder. SelectedtermscanalsobecopiedfromthetermlistusingtheCopy ( Ctrl+C)commandintheEditmenu, a ndpastedintoareferenceusingthePaste(Ctrl+V)commandintheEditmenu. Related Topics: Inserting TermsintoReferences Predefined T ermLists TermLists P references Using T ermsForSearches

Using Terms For Searches

Toensurethatyouaresearchingforthecorrectterms,youcanuse t hetermlistswithEndNotesSearchcommand.Termscanbe enteredin t hefieldsontheSearchpaneljustastheyareenteredintoreferences.Forexample: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibraryandchangethefirstsearch l inetosearchtheKeywordsfield. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermLists,and t henselectalist. Or,inanAuthor,Journal,orKeywordsfield,press t o displaytheappropriatelist. 3. Double-clickatermtoinsertitintotheSearch t ab. 4. ClickSearchtosearchforyourreferences. Related Topics: Inserting TermsintoReferences Inserting TermsWithoutUsingtheSuggestionFeature Predefined T ermLists TermLists P references

Editing Terms and Term Lists

Deleting Terms
AtermcanbedeletedbyhighlightingitinthelistandclickingDelete T ermorselectingClearfromtheEditmenu.Youcanalso usetheCut( C trl+X)commandfromtheEditmenutocuttermsoutofthe l istandPastethemelsewhere(suchasintoanother termlist).Deleting a termfromatermlistdoesnotremoveitfromthereferencesinthe l ibrary. Related Topics: Defining T ermLists Deleting a ndRenamingTermLists Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Important PointsAboutTermLists ModifyingTerms

Modifying Terms
Anyterminatermlistmaybemodifiedordeletedwithoutaffecting a nyofthereferencesinthelibraryoranylinksbetweenterm listsand f ields. Toeditaterminatermlist: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermListsand s electthelistthatcontainsthetermtobemodified. 2. Selectaterm,andthenclickEditTerm. Ifmultiple t ermsareselected,onlythefirstoneopens. 3. ChangethetermasnecessaryandclickOKwhen f inished.Themodifiedtermreplacestheoriginaltermintheterm l ist.(If thetermalreadyexists,theOKbuttonisdim.) Note:Editinga t erminatermlistdoesnotchangealloccurrencesofthatterminyour l ibrary.UsetheFindandReplacecommandfromtheEditmenutofindtheoldterminyourreferences a ndreplaceitwiththenewone. Related Topics:

Defining T ermLists Deleting a ndRenamingTermLists DeletingTerms Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Important PointsAboutTermLists

Defining Term Lists

Configuring Term Separators (Delimiters)
EndNoteusesthedelimitersintheDefineListsdialogtodetermine w hatpunctuationseparatestheindividualtermsinthesame fieldina r eference. Forexample,ifyouimportdatafromasourcethatusessemicolons(;) t oseparatekeywords: Adult,AgeFactors;Astigmatism;Follow-UpStudies; H ospitals,University;Keratotomy,Radial; Myopia;Refraction,Ocular youwouldwanttobesurethatthesemicolonwasselectedasaseparator f oryourKeywordstermlist.Youwouldalsowanttobe surethatthecomma w asnotchosenbecausethecommasinthisexampleareusedwithinsome o ftheterms. Bydefault,EndNoteusesthesemicolon(;)andbackslash(\),andend oflinemarkersasseparators.Wordsorphrasesentered ondifferentlines i nafield(bypressingReturn Enter)arealwaysinterpretedasseparateterms,buttheotherseparators c anbechangeddependingonyourneeds. Tocustomizethedelimitersforatermlist: 1. Openalibrary. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermLists. 3. Verifythatyourlibrarynameisselectedatthe t opofthedialog,thenclickonthenameofthetermlistthatyou i ntendto modify. 4. Clickthecheckboxtotheleftofthedesired s eparatortoselectit(ortounselect i tifitisalreadychecked). Thelastcheckboxprovidesaplacetoenteracustomtermdelimiter, ifnecessary. Related Topics: Creating a NewTermList Defining T ermLists DeletingTerms Deleting a ndRenamingTermLists Exporting andPrintingTermLists

Defining Term Lists

UsetheDefineTermListscommandintheToolsmenutocreate,rename ordeleteatermlist.Thiscommandisalsousedtospecifythepunctuation t hatseparatesindividualtermsinareference(delimiters).

Deleting and Renaming Term Lists

Termlistscanberenamedwithoutdisturbingtheirlinkstoreference f ieldsorthetermswithinthem.Deletingorrenamingterm listsdoes n otchangethedataenteredintoyourreferences. Todeleteorrenameatermlist:

1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTerm Lists(atleastonelibrarymustbeopentoaccess thiscommand). 2. Thedrop-downmenuatthetopoftheLists t abletsyouchoosefromalistofopenlibraries.Selectthelibrary f orwhichyou wouldliketomodify thetermlists. l To Rename a Term List:Highlightatermlist,andthenclickRenameList.Inthe R enameListdialog,enter thenewnameforthelist,andclickOK. l To Delete a Term List:Selectatermlist,andthenclickDeleteList. 3. ClickOKtosaveyourchanges. Related Topics: Configuring T ermSeparators(Delimiters) Creating a NewTermList Defining T ermLists DeletingTerms Exporting andPrintingTermLists

Creating Term Lists

Creating a New Term List
Tocreateanewtermlist: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermLists. 2. ClickCreateList,andthenenterthenamefor t henewlist.Youcannotcreateatermlistwiththesamenameas a nexisting termlist. 3. ClickOK. 4. Checkthe"JournalList"boxonlyif y ouwanttocreateatermlistforstoringjournalnamesandabbreviations. T hesedifferentformsofthejournalnamecanbeusedinterchangeably w hencreatingbibliographies.SeeCreating B ibliographies withJournalAbbreviations. ThepredefinedJournalstermlistisalreadysetupasamulti-column l ist.Ifyoudeletethislist,youcancreateanotherone asdescribed h ere.Donotcreatea4-columnjournallistfornon-Journalfields. Atthispoint,youcouldimportanexistinglistofterms,updatethe listfromexistingEndNotefielddata,orclickontheTermstab tomanually e ntertermsintothelist. Note:Newterm listsmustbelinkedtofields f orthe"Suggesttermsasyoutype"andautomaticupdatingfeatures t owork. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Configuring T ermSeparators(Delimiters) Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Copying T ermsBetweenLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Exporting andPrintingTermLists

Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Linking T ermListstoFields Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Manually U pdatingTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Linking Term Lists to Fields

TermlistsareassociatedwithfieldsusingtheLinkTermListscommand f romtheToolsmenu.Whenatermlistislinkedtoafield, thelistcan b eusedtofacilitatedataentry.EndNotecanalsokeepthetermlists c urrentbyautomaticallyaddingnewtermsfrom linkedfields.Bylinking t ermliststoparticularfields,youcanusetheAuto-Suggestionfeature w heneveryouareenteringdatainto t helinkedfield.Eachfieldcanbelinkedtoonlyonetermlist.However, y oucanlinkthesametermlisttodifferentfields. Thethreepredefinedtermlists(Authors,Journals,andKeywords)are alreadylinkedtotheircorrespondingfields.Anynewterm listthatyou c reateisnotlinkedtoafielduntilyousetupthelinks.Thelinks b etweentermlistsandfieldsarespecifictoeach library. Tochangethesesettingsortolinkanewtermlisttooneormorefields: 1. Openalibrary. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectLinkTermLists. 3. Selectalibraryfromthelistatthetopofthe d ialog. 4. Thenamesoftheavailabletermlistsappearnext t othefieldnameswithwhichtheyarelinked.Youmaychangethe l inks hereasnecessarybyselectingadifferenttermlistfromthe p op-uplists. 5. ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethedialog. Thesechangeswillnotalteranydatathatiscurrentlyenteredineither y ourreferencesoryourtermlists.Termlistsmaybelinked tomultiple f ields. Note:Afterlinking a termlisttooneormorefields,youshouldmakesurethelistisupdated w iththedatafromthosefields.Goto theToolsmenu,selectDefineTerm L ists,selectthelist,andclickUpdateList. Tounlinkatermlistfromafield: 1. Withthelibraryopen,selectLinkTermListsfrom t heToolsmenu. 2. Scrollthroughthelistoffieldstofindthefield t hatyouwouldliketobeunlinkedfromalist.SelectNonefromthe l istnextto thefieldname. 3. SaveyourchangesbyclickingOK. Related Topics: Automatic U pdatingofTermLists Configuring T ermSeparators(Delimiters) Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles

Copying T ermsBetweenLists Copying T ermsFromOtherSources Defining T ermLists Exporting andPrintingTermLists Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Important PointsAboutTermLists Importing TermsIntoTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Manually U pdatingTermLists ModifyingTerms Predefined T ermLists Using T ermsForSearches

Predefined Term Lists

Threeemptytermlistsareavailablebydefaultwitheverylibrary: A uthors,Journals,andKeywords.Theselistsarealreadylinked totheir c orrespondingfields:theAuthorstermlistislinkedtotheAuthor,Secondary, T ertiary,andSubsidiaryAuthorfields;the Journalstermlistislinked t otheSecondaryandAlternateTitlefields;andtheKeywordstermlist i slinkedtotheKeywordsfield. Related Topics: Creating a NewTermList Defining T ermLists Exporting andPrintingTermLists Inserting TermsintoReferences Linking T ermListstoFields ModifyingTerms Using T ermsForSearches

Working with the Journals Term List

Creating Bibliographies with Journal Abbreviations
WhenyouinsertajournalnamefromtheJournalstermlistintoareference, o nlythefirstentryforthejournalnameisentered. However,youcan c reateabibliographythatusesanyabbreviationinthetermlistbyediting t hestyleusedtoformatthepaper: Toeditastyletousejournalabbreviations: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles andselect O penStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwouldliketoedit,and c lickEdit. 3. FromthelistofoptionsattheleftoftheStyle Editorwindow,clickJournal N ames. 4. Selectoneoftheavailableoptions. 5. Closeandsavethestyle.Nowwhenyouformata p aperorlookatthePreviewtabontheTabspanel,allofthejournal namesshouldbereplacedwiththeappropriateabbreviation. Ifajournalnameinoneofyourreferencesdoesnothavetheselected a bbreviationenteredintheJournalstermlist,thejournal nameappears i nthebibliographyexactlyasitisenteredintheReferencewindow.

Which Term List is Used for the Abbreviations?

Sinceitispossible(thoughnotcommon)tohavemorethanonemulti-column j ournallistinalibrary,itisimportanttoknowhow EndNotechooses w hichJournallisttousewiththeJournalAbbreviationsfeature.EndNote usesthemulti-columnlistthatis linkedtothejournalfieldusedby t hestyle.(Forexample,iftheAlternateJournalfieldisspecifiedby t hestyle,EndNoteusesthe multi-columnlistlinkedtotheAlternate J ournalfield.)Ifthereisnotamulti-columnlistthatislinkedto a journalfield,EndNote usesthefirstmulti-columnlistthatitfinds. ThepredefinedJournalstermlistthatisaddedtoeverylibraryis a lreadysetupasamulti-columnlist,anditislinkedtothese fields: l JournalArticlereferencetypeJournalfield l JournalArticlereferencetypeAlternateJournal f ield l ElectronicArticlereferencetypePeriodical Titlefield Related Topics: Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Predefined T ermLists Updating a JournalList

Converting Old EndNote Journals Files

IfyouhavepreviouslyusedtheJournalAbbreviationsfeatureinan e arlierversionofEndNote,youcanimportthejournalnames fromyour oldJournalAbbreviationstableintotheJournalstermlist.Theinformation i ntheoldtableisstoredintheJOURNALS.ENfileanditcanbedirectlyimportedintotheJournalstermlistusing t heImportListcommand(seeImporting T ermsinto TermLists). Note:Inthisversion o fEndNote,youcanhaveadifferentsetofjournalabbreviationsfor e achlibrary,andyoumaywantto updateeachlibrarysimilarly. Related Topics: Creating B ibliographiesWithJournalAbbreviations Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Predefined T ermLists Updating a JournalList

Important Points About Entering Journal Names

YoudonothavetousetheabbreviationsectionsinaJournalsterm l ist,butifyoudo,keepthesepointsinmind: l Entervariationsofthesamejournalnametogether inoneterm. l Enteraconsistentabbreviationformatineach c olumn.Forexample,allIndexMedicus a bbreviationscouldbeentered undertheAbbreviation1,anotherformat ofabbreviatednamesinAbbreviation2,andsoon. l Onlythefirsttermforeachjournal(theone intheFullJournalslot)istransferredwhenyouinsertaterm.

l UsetheJournalAbbreviationoptioninthestyles t opickwhichformofthejournalnamesshouldbeusedinthebibliography ( seeCreatingBibliographies w ithJournalAbbreviations). l EndNotecanremoveperiodsfromabbreviations duringformatting.EndNotecannotaddperiodstoanabbreviatedjournal name. Related Topics: Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Creating B ibliographiesWithJournalAbbreviations Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Predefined T ermLists Updating a JournalList

Loading Supplied Journal Abbreviations

Youcanloadoneofthesuppliedjournaltitleliststousefordata e ntry.Theselistsalsocontainjournalabbreviationsforalternate output, a ndareusedbycertainoutputstyles.Thelistsaresuppliedasplain t extfilesintheEndNoteX6\Terms L ists folder.You canopenandviewoneofthesefiles w ithanywordprocessor,butmakesuretoleaveitaplaintextfileso t hatEndNotecan importit. ToreplacetheexistingJournalslistwithoneofthesuppliedjournal a bbreviationlists: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOpenTermLists,and t henselectJournalsTermList. 2. Deleteallexistingtermsfromthelist(youcan c lickanddragtohighlightallterms,andthenclickDeleteTerm. 3. ClickontheListstabandhighlighttheJournals l ist. 4. ClickImportList. 5. IntheFiledialog,navigatetotheEndNote X 6\TermsListsfolder,selectthelistyouwantto u se,andclickOpentoimport thejournalnamesandabbreviations f romthefileintotheJournalstermlist. Related Topics: Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Creating B ibliographiesWithJournalAbbreviations Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Predefined T ermLists Updating a JournalList

Updating a Journal List

ForEndNotetoaccurately usetheabbreviatedjournalnamesinyour b ibliographies,itisimportanttobeconsistentwhenentering different f ormatsofajournalname.Thefirstcolumnshouldalwayslistthefull j ournalname,andsubsequentcolumnsshould storeconsistentformatsof a bbreviatednames.SeeImportant PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames. Journallistsareupdatedautomatically,fromtheJournalArticleand ElectronicArticlereferencetypes,unlessyouhaveturnedoff thepreferences t oupdatelists(seeTermListsPreferences). W henjournallistsareupdated,theentryinthemainJournalfield goes intothefirstcolumnofthelist(FullJournal)andthejournalentered i ntotheAlternateJournalfieldgoesintothesecondcolumn(Abbreviation 1 ).BeconsistentwhenenteringdataintothesefieldssothattheJournals t ermlistwillbeupdatedcorrectly. Notethatifthenameenteredinto t heJournalfieldexistsinanyofthecolumnsoftheJournalstermlist, i tisnotaddedagain.EndNotetriestoavoidduplicateentriesinthe J ournalslist.

Ifyouhaveturnedoffthepreferencetoautomaticallyupdatetheterm lists,youmaymanuallyupdatethelistsasdescribedhere. Whenyouare m anuallyupdatingJournallists,youcanchoosewhichcolumnsinthelist a reusedforwhichfieldsofdata. Toupdateajournaltermlist: 1. Openalibraryandselectthereferences fromwhich y ouwouldliketoupdatetheJournalstermlist.Alternatively,use t he Searchcommandtofindonlythosereferencesthatyouwouldlike t ouse. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectDefineTermLists, a ndthenselectJournals. 3. ClickUpdateList. 4. SelectthefieldsfromwhichEndNoteshouldextract t hejournalnames.Ifimportingfromselectedreferences,checkthe UpdatefromSelectedReferencesoption. 5. ClickOK. Whentheimportingiscomplete,youwillseeacolumnofjournalnames l istedinalphabeticalorder. Related Topics: Converting O ldEndNoteJournalsFiles Creating B ibliographiesWithJournalAbbreviations Important PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames Loading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations Predefined T ermLists

Microsoft Word/Cite While You Write

Overview of the Cite While You Write Process
UseCiteWhileYouWrite(CWYW)withMicrosoft W ord2003,2007,or2010 t oeasilyandquicklycitereferences,figures,and tables,andcreate a paperwithproperlyformattedcitations,abibliography,figures,and t ables.CiteWhileYouWrite givesyou accesstoEndNotereferencesandformattingcommandswitheither anEndNoteX6 s ubmenuonWordsToolsmenu i nWord 2003,or,inWord2007and2010,withanEndNotetab . YoucanstartbybasingyourpaperonapredefinedManuscript T emplatethatissetupwithpublishingrulesapplied.Then,insert a citationintothedocument.Abibliographyformattedaccordingto a nyoneofthousandsofstylesiscreated.Instant f ormatting technologycanautomaticallyupdateyourcitationsand bibliographyasyouwrite.Youcaneveninsert f iguresandtables foundin EndNotereferences. ATravelingLibraryallows you t oreformatreferencesinyourWorddocumentevenwhenyourEndNotelibrary i snotavailable.If youarecollaboratingwithotherauthors,youcan relyontheTravelingLibrarytosupplyreferenceinformation. YoucanuseyourEndNoteapplicationorEndNoteWebtoCiteWhileYou W rite.SeeUsingCiteWhile Y ouWritewithEndNote Web. Related Topics: Howto C iteWhileYouWrite CiteWhile Y ouWriteCommands Word ProcessorCompatibility

How to Cite While You Write with Microsoft Word

Thebasicstepsrequiredtociteareferenceandgenerateabibliography w ithMicrosoftWord2003,2007,or2010 a resummarized below. ToCiteWhileYouWrite: 1. OpentheEndNotelibraryorlibraries t hatcontainthereferencesyouwishtocite. 2. StartMicrosoftWordandopenthepaper y ouarewriting.Werecommendusingthetemplatewizardtocreate y ourWord documentsasdescribedinCreating a WordDocumentBasedonaTemplate. 3. Whenyouarereadytociteasource,position t hecursorinthetextwhereyouwouldliketoputthecitation. 4. Word 2003: G ototheToolsmenuinWord,thentheEndNoteX6 s ubmenu,andselectFindCitation(s). Word 2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsertCitation a ndselectFindCitation. AnEndNoteFind I nsertMyReferencesdialogappears,whichmay s howtheprevioussearchresults. 5. Inthetextboxatthetop,enteridentifying t extforEndNotetolocatetheappropriatereference.Thiscouldbe a nauthors lastname,ayear,akeyword,oranyothercombination oftermsfoundinthereference. 6. ClickFindandEndNotecomparestheidentifying t exttoyourEndNotereferencesandthenliststhematchingreference(s). 7. Identifyandhighlighttheappropriate reference(s). 8. UsetheInsertbuttontriangletodisplay a menu,andselectfrom:

l Insert: Toinsertthecitationandformatitasdefinedbythe c urrentlyselectedoutputstyle l Insert & Display as: Author (Year) l Insert & Exclude Author l Insert & Exclude Year l Insert in Bibliography Only Note: Y oucanclickInsert(notthetriangle)toquicklyselectthedefault I nsertcommand. 9. Gobacktostep3toinsertthenextcitation, a ndcontinuecitingreferencesthisway. Note: W henInstantFormattingisturned o n,eachtimeyouinsertacitationitisformattedandabibliography i supdatedat theendofyourdocument.Whenyouaredoneinsertingcitations, y ourdocumentisdone!InstantFormattingisturnedon bydefault. 10. Ifyourcitationsarenotautomaticallyformatted, a ndabibliographyisnotupdatedeachtimeyouinsertacitation, l Word2003:GototheToolsmenuinWord,thenthe EndNotesubmenu,andselectFormatBibliography. l Word2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthecornerarrow dialogboxlauncher. AFormatBibliographydialogappears,whereyoucanchange,orsimply verify,thestyleandlayoutofthebibliography. EvenwhenInstantFormattingisturnedon,youmaywanttoselect FormatBibliographyinordertochangethe styleorlayoutofyour citationsandbibliography. Note: T hedialogliststhestylesthatarecurrentlyselectedasyour"favorites" i ntheStyleManager.Ifyouneedtoselect astylethatisnotinthe l ist,clickBrowsetolocateit. 11. ClickOK.EndNotescansyourpaperand,usingthe s electedstyle,formatsanytemporarycitations,reformatsformatted citations,andappendsabibliographytotheendofyourpaper. Yourpaperisreadyforpublication! Ifyouwanttoinsertfigureortablecitations,seeInserting a ndFormattingFiguresandTables. Related Topics: Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables TheCiteWhile YouWriteCommands Using P redefinedManuscriptTemplates

Writing Your Paper (Microsoft Word)

YouselectedtheWordtemplateappropriateforyourpublisher.Then, y oufollowedthetemplatewizardtoprovidebasicinformation,soyour n ewWorddocumentalreadycontainsthatinformation.Now,youareready t owriteyourpaper.

Tag Line Indicators

Tostartenteringtextintothedocument,lookfortaglineindicators t oguideyou.Forexample,youmayseeatagthatsays:

[InsertIntroductiontexthere(nosubheadings)] Youcanselectthistagandoverwriteitasyoutypetheintroduction. N ext,youmaysee: [InsertAcknowledgementshere] Again,selectthetagandoverwriteitasyoutypeyouracknowledgements. Mostofthesectionsofthepaperaretaggedinthisway.Thesetags m aytellyouofcharacterlimits,indicatewhetheryoushould include s ubheadings,andcontainfontandstyleformatting.Theyorganizeyour m anuscriptandhelpyoufollowtherulesofthe publisher.

Cite While You Write Markers

Thereareseveralinstanceswhereasectiontagactsasamarkerfor C iteWhileYouWrite: Figure Lists:Whenyouinsertafigure c itationintoyourdocument,andthecurrentoutputstyleissettocreate a figurelistatthe endofthedocument,thefigurelistiscreatedat a[Figures]tag.Tochangethepositionofthefiguresinyourdocument, o rtomove thefigurelisttoaseparatefile,seePlacing F iguresandTables. Table Lists:Whenyouinsertafigure c itationwheretheimagecomesfromEndNotes"ChartorTable"referencetype, a ndthe currentoutputstyleissettocreateatablelistattheend o fthedocument,thetablelistiscreatedata[Tables]tag.Tochange t he positionofthetablesinyourdocument,ortomovethetablelist t oaseparatefile,seePlacing F iguresandTables. Bibliographies:Whenyouinsertan i n-textreferencecitationinthebodyofyourdocument,thebibliography i screatedatthe [References]tag. Themanuscripttemplateappliesacorrespondingoutputstyletothe b ibliography.Forexample,theNaturemanuscripttemplate wouldusethe N atureoutputstyletoformatthebibliography,althoughyoucanapply adifferentoutputstyleifyouwish. Related Topics: Creating a WordDocumentBasedonaTemplate Supplying I nformationtotheTemplateWizard Using P redefinedManuscriptTemplates

Word Processor Compatibility (Microsoft Word)

ToCiteWhileYouWrite,you m ustuseMicrosoftWord2003, 2 007,or2010.(Pleaseinstallthelatestservice p ackfromMicrosoft.)CiteWhileYouWritecanconvertanduseWorddocuments t hatusedearlierversionsofCiteWhileYouWrite,althoughwe recommend t hatyoufirstunformatthosedocuments. Word2003displaysCiteWhile Y ouWritecommandsonaTools>EndNoteX6 s ubmenu.Word2007displaysCiteWhileYou WritecommandsonanEndNote t ab. IfyouuseOpenOffice.org W riterasyourwordprocessor,seeHowtoCiteWhileYou W ritewithOpenOffice.orgWriter. IfyouuseawordprocessorotherthanMicrosoftWordor OpenOffice.orgWriter,oranolderversionoftheseword p rocessors, saveyourdocumentasanRTFfileanduseFormat P aper. Tocreateastand-alonebibliographythatisnotbasedonthecitations i napaper,seeIndependent Bibliographies. Note:Onlyone w ordprocessoratatimeshouldbeopenwheninsertingcitationsandformatting documents.

EndNote Cite While You Write Tab Missing in Word

ThefollowinginstructionsdescribehowyoucanrestoretheEndNoteCiteWhileYouWritetabinMicrosoftWord.

Word 2007 and 2010 1. Word 2007:ClicktheOfficeicon,andthenclicktheWordOptionsbutton. Word 2010:ClickontheFileribbon,andthenclicktheOptionsbutton. 2. SelectAdd-insfromthemenu 3. SelectDisabledItemsfromtheManagemenu,andthenclicktheGobutton. 4. SelectanyEndNoteiteminthelist,andthenclicktheEnablebutton. 5. ClickOKtoenabletheEndNotetab. 6. CloseandreopenWord. 7. ChecktoensurethattheEndNotetabappearsatthetopoftheWorddocument. Note:Ifyouprompted,selecttoallowthefilestobeloadedbyWord. Word 2003 1. SelecttheHelpmenu. 2. SelectAboutMicrosoftOfficeWordfromthedialog. 3. SelecttheDisabledItemsoption. 4. SelectanyEndNoteiteminthelist,andthenclicktheEnablebutton. 5. ClickClose. 6. ClickOKtoenabletheEndNotetab. 7. CloseandreopenWord. 8. ChecktheToolsmenutoensurethattheEndNoteoptionshavebeenrestoredtoWord. Note:Ifyouprompted,selecttoallowthe f ilestobeloadedbyWord. GotoourFrequentlyAsked Q uestionssupportpageforinstructionsonhowtorestorethe E ndNotetabinearlierversionsofEndNote. SeeApplicationPreferencesforinformationaboutswitchingfromEndNotetoEndNoteWebandvice-versa.

Notes about Microsoft Word

Installing Cite While You Write Support in Word
EndNotesinstallationprograminstallsCiteWhileYouWritesupport f orMicrosoftWord2003,2007,or2010 . IfyouinstallWord afterinstallingEndNote,youmusteitherusethe C ustomizeroptionormanuallyinstallCiteWhileYouWrite.SeeNo E ndNote CommandsinWord EndNotecommandsappearonanEndNoteX6 s ubmenuoftheToolsmenuinWord 2003.InWord 2 007and2010,EndNotecommandsappearonanEndNotetab.

Cite While You Write Commands (Word 2003)

ThistopicdescribestheCite W hileYouWriteCommandsthatappearinWord2003.IfyouareusingWord 2 007and2010,please seeCiteWhileYouWriteCommands ( Word2007and2010). WhenCiteWhileYouWriteisinstalled,severalEndNotecommandsappear o nanEndNoteX6submenu o ftheToolsmenuin Word. WhenyouselectanEndNotecommandfromthemenu,theEndNoteprogram s tarts(ifnotalreadyrunning)andaCiteWhileYou Writesubmenubecomes a ctiveonEndNotesToolsmenu,displayingsomeofthesameEndNotecommands a vailableinWord. Note:Whenyou u seCiteWhileYouWritePreferences tochooseEndNoteWebastheactive C iteWhileYouWriteApplication, anEndNoteWebsubmenuappearsonthe T oolsmenuinWord.TheEndNoteWebsubmenucontainsasmallersetof C WYW commands.

Cite While You Write Commands

BelowarebriefdescriptionsoftheCite W hileYouWritecommandsfoundontheEndNoteX6 s ubmenuoftheToolsmenuin Word. l Go To EndNote: BringEndNotetothefrontofyourscreen.Thiscommandlaunches EndNoteifitisnotalreadyrunning. l Find Citation(s):SearchforEndNotereferences t oselectandinsertascitationsinyourWorddocument.SeeFinding a nd InsertingCitations. l Format Bibliography: Format(orreformat)yourpaperaccordingtotherulesofthe s electedstyle.Theformattingprocess replacesthetemporarycitations i nyourpaperwithformattedcitations,andbuildsabibliography a ttheendofthedocument.SeeFormatting t heBibliography. Note:Bydefault, I nstantFormattingisturnedon,soyourcitationsandbibliographyare automaticallyformattedasyouwork. (InstantFormattingisnotavailable w henworkingwithEndNoteWeb.) l Insert Selected Citation(s): Insertacitationforeachreferencecurrentlyselected intheopenEndNotelibrary.Youcan insertupto250consecutive i n-textcitations.SeeInserting S electedCitations. l Edit & Manage Citation(s): Editexistingindividualormultiplecitations.You c anomitauthorand/oryearfromcitations,or addprefix orsuffix t ext(suchaspagenumbers)tocitations.SeeEditing C itations. l Insert Note: Add c ustomtextcitationstoyourWorddocument.SeeInserting N otesintheListofReferences. l Edit Library Reference(s):SelectcitationsinyourWord document,thenselectthiscommandtodirectlyeditthecorresponding r eferencesinEndNote.SeeEditing aReferenceintheLibrary. l Unformat Citation(s): U nformataselected c itationbeforeeditingit,orunformatthewholedocument.Thisremoves s tyle formattingfortheselectedcitations,andleavestemporary c itationswhichusuallyconsistoftheauthorslastname,the year, a ndtherecordnumbersurroundedbydelimiters.SeeUnformatting C itations. l Remove Field Codes: S aveacopyofyour d ocumentwithoutformattedCiteWhileYouWritefield c odes.Formattedcitationsandthebibliographyaresavedastext. S eeRemovingFieldCodes. l Export Traveling Library: CreateanEndNotelibraryfromthereferencesusedin apaper.SeeExportingWord's Traveling Library. l Find Figure(s):SearchforanEndNotereferencethat c ontainsanimage,andinsertafigureortablecitationinyourWord

document.Thecitationisnumbered,andthefigureortableisautomatically a ddedtothedocument.SeeFinding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables. l Generate Figure List: Updateyourfigureandtablecitationsplustheformatted f iguresandtablesfoundwithinthebodyof thedocumentorinalist attheendofthedocument.SeeUpdating F iguresandTables . l Cite While You Write Preferences: ChangegeneralCiteWhileYouWritepreferences, c hangetheEndNotekeyboard shortcutsavailableinWord,changefigure a ndtablesettings,orswitchtoEndNoteWebCiteWhileYouWrite. SeeSetting CiteWhileYouWrite P references. l Help: Display h elpaboutCiteWhileYouWritefeatures. Note: S everalCiteWhileYouWritecommands a lsoappearontheToolsmenuinEndNote.Tousethesecommandsfromwithin EndNote,youmustuseatleastoneCiteWhileYouWritecommandfromwithin W ordduringthecurrentsession. Related Topics: CWYW KeyboardCommands How t oCiteWhileYouWrite Installing C iteWhileYouWriteSupportinWord Overview o ftheCiteWhileYouWriteProcess Word ProcessorCompatibility

Cite While You Write Commands (Word 2007 and 2010)

ThistopicdescribestheCiteWhileYouWriteCommandsthatappearin W ord2007and2010.Ifyouareusinganearlierversion ofWord,please s eeTheCiteWhileYouWriteCommands ( Word)2003). WhenCiteWhileYouWriteisinstalled,severalEndNotecommandsappear o nanEndNotetabinWord2007and2010.When youselectanEndNotecommand f romthetab,theEndNoteprogramstarts (ifnotalreadyrunning)and aCiteWhileYouWritesubmenubecomesactiveonEndNotesToolsmenu, displayingsomeofthesameEndNotecommandsavailableinWord. Note:Whenyou u seCiteWhileYouWritePreferences toselectEndNoteWebastheactive C iteWhileYouWriteApplication, anEndNoteWebtabappearsinWord. TheEndNoteWebtabdisplaysasmallersetofCWYWcommandsthantheEndNote desktopapplication. BelowarebriefdescriptionsoftheCiteWhileYouWritecommandsthat a refoundontheEndNotetabontheWord2007and2010 ribbon.

Citations Group
l Insert Citation > Find Citation:SearchforEndNotereferencestoselect a ndinsertascitationsinyourWorddocument. SeeFindingandInsertingCitations. l Insert Citation > Insert Note:AddcustomtextcitationstoyourWord document.SeeIncludingNotes intheListofReferences. l Insert Citation > Insert Selected Citation(s):Insertacitationfor e achreferencecurrentlyselectedintheopenEndNote library.You c aninsertupto250consecutivein-textcitations. l Insert Citation > Find Figure(s):Search f oranEndNotereferencethatcontainsafigure,andinsertafigure ortablecitationinyourWorddocument.Thecitationisnumbered, a ndthefigureortableisautomaticallyaddedtothedocument.See

InsertingSelectedCitations. l Go To EndNote: BringEndNotetothefrontofyourscreen.Thiscommandlaunches EndNoteifitisnotalreadyrunning. l Edit & Manage Citation(s):Editexistingindividualormultiple c itations.Youcanomitauthorand/oryearfromcitations,or add p refix orsuffix text(suchaspagenumbers)tocitations.SeeEditingCitations. l Edit Library Reference(s):Select c itationsinyourWorddocument,thenselectthiscommandtodirectly e ditthecorrespondingreferencesinEndNote.

Bibliography Group
l Style: S electanoutputstylefromthelisttoformat(orreformat) y ourpaperaccordingtotherulesoftheselectedstyle.The styles l istedaremarkedas"favorites"intheEndNotestylemanager. l Update Citations and Bibliography:Format(orreformat)yourpaperaccording t otherulesoftheselectedstyle.Theformattingprocessreplaces t hetemporarycitationsinyourpaperwithformattedcitations,and b uildsabibliographyattheend ofthedocument.Thiscommandalso updatesyourfigureandtablecitationsplustheformattedfigures a ndtablesfound withinthebodyofthedocumentorinalistatthe e ndofthedocument. l Convert Citations and Bibliography > Convert to Unformatted Citations:Unformat aselectedcitationbeforeediting it,orunformatthewholedocument. T hisremovesstyleformattingfortheselectedcitations,andleaves t emporarycitationswhichusuallyconsistoftheauthorslastname, t heyear,andtherecordnumbersurroundedbydelimiters.Use Update C itationsandBibliographytoformatthepaperagain.SeeUnformatting C itations. l Convert Citations and Bibliography > Convert to Plain Text:Saveacopy o fyourdocumentwithoutformattedCite WhileYouWritefield c odes.Formattedcitationsandthebibliographyaresavedastext. S eeRemovingFieldCodes. l Convert Citations and Bibliography > Convert Word 2007 Citations to EndNote :ConvertanyWord2007or2010 citationsinthisdocument t oEndNoteCiteWhileYouWritecitations. l Convert Citations and Bibliography > Convert Reference Manager Citations to EndNote:ConvertanyWord2007or 2010ReferenceManagercitationsinthisdocument toEndNoteCiteWhileYouWritecitations.Thisoptionassumesthatyou haveconvertedyourReferenceManagerdatabasetoanEndNotedatabase.ValuesincludeAuthorDateRefIDandRefID. l Format Bibliography: C lickthearrowinthebottomrightcorneroftheBibliography s ectiontodisplayatabbeddialogof formattingoptions.Whenyou c lickOKtoleavethedialog,EndNoteformats(orreformats)your paperaccordingtothe rulesoftheselectedstyle.SeeFormatting t heBibliography. Note:Bydefault, I nstantFormattingisturnedon,soyourcitationsandbibliographyare automaticallyformattedasyouwork.

Tools Group
l Export to EndNote > Export Traveling Library:CreateanEndNotelibrary f romthereferencesusedinyourpaper.See Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrary. l Export to EndNote > Export Word 2007 Citations:CreateanEndNotelibrary f romtheWord2007citationsfoundinthe document. l Export to EndNote > Export Word 2007 Master List: C reateanEndNotelibraryfromtheWord2007masterlist o fcitations. l Preferences: C hangegeneralCiteWhileYouWritepreferences,changethe E ndNotekeyboardshortcutsavailablein Word,changefigureandtable s ettings,orswitchtoEndNoteWebCiteWhileYouWrite.SeeSetting C iteWhileYouWrite

Preferences. l EndNote Help: D isplayhelpaboutCiteWhileYouWritefeatures. Youmayprefertoexecutethesecommandsfromthekeyboard.Notethe k eyboardshortcutsdefinedunderCiteWhileYouWrite Preferences. Note:SeveralCite W hileYouWritecommandsalsoappearontheToolsmenuinEndNote.To u sethesecommandsfromwithin EndNote,youmustuseatleastoneCite W hileYouWritecommandfromwithinWordduringthecurrentsession.

Field Codes (Microsoft Word)

CiteWhileYouWriteplacesfieldcodesaroundandinsideyourformatted c itationsinWord.ThesehiddencodesallowEndNoteto format,unformat, a ndreformatcitationswithinWord. Forexample,thisformattedcitation: (SchwartzandBilloski 1 990) appearswiththesefieldcodes:

Note:Werecommend t hatyounotviewfieldcodesinWord.Ifyouchoosetoviewfieldcodes, p leasedonotmodifythem. Alwayskeepbackupsofyourpapers!Toautomatically t urnoffthedisplayoffieldcodeswhenyouopenaWorddocument,see GeneralPreferencesfor M icrosoftWord.

FieldcodesforformattedcitationsincludeaTraveling LibraryoftheEndNotereferencescited.Thereferencedatasaved w ith eachcitationincludesallfieldsexceptNotes,Abstract,Figure, andCaption.Thisallows youtousethedocumentonacomputer thatdoes notcontainacopyofyourEndNotelibrary. EndNotesCiteWhileYouWritefieldcodesaresupportedbyWord 2003and2007.OnceyoustartusingCiteWhileYouWrite, youmusttakeprecautions beforeopeningthosefilesinotherwordprocessors o ranotherversionofWord.Ifaformatteddocumentisopenedandsaved w ithanincompatiblewordprocessor,theformattedEndNotecitationsand b ibliographylosetheirfield codes.Whenthishappens,EndNotecannot r eformatthedocument. Beforeyouopenapaperinadifferentwordprocessororgiveapublisher a nelectroniccopyofyourfinalformatteddocument, pleaseseeSharing Y ourWordDocuments. Related Topics: Forms o fCitations Howto C iteWhileYouWrite Installing C iteWhileYouWriteSupportinWord Overview o ftheCiteWhileYouWriteProcess Showing W ordProcessorCodes TheCiteWhile YouWriteCommands Word ProcessorCompatibility

Using Predefined Manuscript Templates

Using Predefined Manuscript Templates (Microsoft Word)
ManypredefinedMicrosoftWordmanuscripttemplatesaresuppliedwith EndNotetoeaseelectronicsubmissionstopublishers. Weprovidethem a sguides tomakeyourwritingprocesseasier,buttheyarenotrequired i nordertouseCiteWhileYouWrite. Plus,youcanuseamanuscripttemplate e venwhenyoudonotplantouseCiteWhileYouWriteonthatparticular d ocument. Whenyouuseoneofthesetemplatestostartyourpaper,manyformatting i ssuesarealreadysetupforyourtargetpublication, suchasproper margins,headings,pagination,linespacing,titlepage,abstractpage, g raphicsplacement,andfonttypeandsize. Aswithbibliographicformats, t herearehundredsofvariationsbetweenpublishers. SeeCreatingaWordDocument B asedonaTemplate. Related Topics: Creating a WordDocumentBasedonaTemplate Howto C iteWhileYouWrite Supplying I nformationtotheTemplateWizard TheCiteWhile YouWriteCommands WritingYour P aper

Creating a Word Document Based on a Template

YoucanstartanewMicrosoftWorddocumentbasedonpredefinedtemplates e itherfromwithinEndNoteordirectlyfromWord. Youcanalsocopyand e ditoneofthepredefinedmanuscripttemplates. From Within EndNote Tocreateadocumentbasedononeofthepredefinedmanuscripttemplates:

1. StartEndNote. 2. FromtheToolsmenu,selectManuscriptTemplates. 3. IntheFiledialog,browsetotheTemplatesfolder f oundintheEndNotefolder.(EndNoteshouldautomaticallyselect t his location.) 4. Selectandopenthetemplatenamedforaparticular e ditorialstyleguideorthepublishertowhichyouintendtosubmit y our manuscript. ThisopensanewdocumentinMicrosoftWordthatisbasedonthetemplate f ile,andstartsamanuscripttemplatewizard tohelpyousetupyour p aper. Note: T hefirsttimeyoulaunchthemanuscripttemplatewizard,youmayreceive anoticeaboutmacros.Acceptmacrostocontinuewiththewizard. 5. Entertheinformationrequestedbythe t emplatewizard.SeeSupplying I nformationtotheTemplateWizard. Asyouenterinformation,thewizardplacesitinalloftheappropriate p laces inthedocument.Thewindowsthatappear, andtheinformation requested,variesdependinguponthepublisher. 6. Tocompletethewizard: l ClickNexttocontinueprovidinginformation. I fyoudonotknowhowtorespondtoaninformationrequest,simply c lick Nexttocontinuewiththewizard.Youcanlaterentertheappropriate informationinthedesignated,bracketedfieldsin Word. l Onthefinaltemplatewizardwindow,clickFinish t oclosethewizardandstartwriting! Note:Youcanclick F inishatanytimetobypassthewizardandstartworkinginthedocument. Youwillneedtomanuallyenter informationthatwouldhavebeeninserted b ythewizard.ClickingCancelwillstopthecreationofanewdocument. TheresultingWorddocumentalreadycontainstheinformationyouprovided t othewizard.Tostartenteringtextintothedocument,lookforindicators t oguideyou.SeeWritingYourPaper. From Within Word 2003 TouseamanuscripttemplatesfromwithinWord2003: 1. Start M icrosoftWord. 2. From W ordsFilemenu,selectNew. 3. Select t heEndNoteitemtodisplaythesuppliedtemplates. Note: Depending o nyourversionofWord,youmayfirstneedtodisplaytheGeneraltemplate t ab. 4. Select t hetemplateyouwishtouse,selecttheradiobuttontoCreatea N ewDocument,andclickOK. 5. The E ndNotemanuscripttemplatewizardwillstart,asdescribedearlier, a ndwillleadyouthroughtheprocessof settingupyourpaper. Whenyoucompletethewizard,youarereadytostartwriting! Toeditamanuscripttemplate w ithWord2003:

1. Start M icrosoftWord. 2. From W ordsFilemenu,selectOpen. 3. Navigate t oEndNotesTemplatesfolder. 4. Select a ndopenthemanuscripttemplateyouwishtomodify.Templatefilenames e ndwiththeextension.DOT. 5. Make c hangestothetemplate,andthensaveacopyofthefilewithanew n ame. Note: C hangestoamanuscripttemplatemaydisablethemanuscriptwizardfor t hattemplate. From Within Word 2007 or 2010 Touseamanuscripttemplate f romwithinWord2007or2010: 1. Start M icrosoftWord. 2. Inthe u pperleftcorner,clicktheOfficebuttonandthenNew. 3. Inthe T emplateslist,selectMyTemplatesandclickontheEndNotetab. 4. Select t hetemplateyouwishtouse,selecttheradiobuttontoCreateNew D ocument,andclickOK. 5. The E ndNotemanuscripttemplatewizardwillstart,asdescribedearlier, a ndwillleadyouthroughtheprocessof settingupyourpaper. Whenyoucompletethewizard, y ouarereadytostartwriting! Toeditamanuscripttemplate w ithWord2007or2010: 1. Start M icrosoftWord. 2. Inthe u pperleftcorner,clicktheOfficebuttonandthenNew. 3. Inthe T emplateslist,selectMytemplatesandclickontheEndNotetab. 4. Select t hemanuscripttemplateyouwishtomodify,selecttheradiobutton t oCreateNewTemplate,andclick OK.Templatefilenamesendwith t heextension.DOT. 5. Make c hangestothetemplate,andthensaveacopyofthefilewithanew n ame. Note:Changestoamanuscripttemplatemaydisablethemanuscriptwizard f orthattemplate. Related Topics: Supplying I nformationtotheTemplateWizard Using P redefinedManuscriptTemplates WritingYour P aper

Supplying Information to the Template Wizard (Microsoft Word)

TheEndNotedocumenttemplatewizardasksyoutosupply information, r equiredbythepublisher,whichthewizardthenplaces inyourdocument. I fthesameinformationisrequiredinmorethanoneplace,youenter i tonceandthewizardcopiesitasneeded totheappropriateplacesand i ntheappropriateformat. Eachpublishermaintainsitsownguidelines,andthoseguidelinesvary g reatly.Asyoufollowthewizard,youmaybeaskedfor:

Title Dependingonthepublisher,youmaybeaskedtoprovidethefulltitle a swellasashorttitleorrunningheader. Author Contact Information and Affiliation Publisherstypicallyrequireauthorinformationontitlepages,but t heymayalsorequireitinacknowledgementsorinheaders throughout t hedocument.Youshouldprovideinformationabouteachcontributingauthor. ClickAddAuthortotypeinformationabouteachcontributingauthor. Y oualsohavetheoptiontoclickAddressBooktolinktoan existingOutlookaddressbookandeasilyinsertexistingauthorinformation. Onceyouaddanauthornamewithcontactinformation,itisretained i nanAuthorsonFilelisttouselater.Forsubsequentpapers, youcan s implyselectnamesfromthelist. Selectthecheckboxnexttothecorrespondingauthor(thecontactperson). Keywords Almosteverypublisherrequiresthatyouprovidekeywordsforindexing t hemanuscript.Youcaneitherprovideyourownkeywords,orthepublisher m ayrequireMeSHterms(theNationalLibraryofMedicinesMedicalSubject H eadings). Sections Themanuscriptsectionsrequiredbythepublisherarelisted,suchas Abstract,Introduction,Acknowledgements,ReferenceList, Tables,and F igures.Theserequirementsvarysignificantlybetweenpublishers.The w izardliststherequiredsections,butyou canselectorremovesections a sneeded. Note:If y ouneedhelpononeofthewindows,pressthe F 1 b uttononyourkeyboardtodisplayacontext-sensitivehelptopic. Related Topics: Creating a WordDocumentBasedonaTemplate Using P redefinedManuscriptTemplates WritingYour P aper

Citing Sources as You Write

Forms of Citations (Microsoft Word)
A"citation"isthebrief bibliographic i nformationinthebodyofapaperthatrefersthereadertoacomplete r eferenceinthebibliography.Acitationtypicallyconsistsofabibliography n umberortheauthorandyearinparentheses: ...ofthespeciesathand1. ...ofthespeciesathand(Argus,1991). Citationscanappearaseitherunformatted o rformattedinyourWorddocument.

Unformatted (Temporary) Citations

Anunformattedcitationisatemporaryplaceholder,anddoesnotreflect f inaloutput.ItmayappearafteryouFindCitation(s) a nd Insert,InsertSelected

Note:Ifyouhave I nstantFormattingturnedon,you m ayneverseeanunformattedcitation.InstantFormattingisturnedon b y default. Anunformattedcitationtypicallyconsistsofthefirstauthorslast name,year,andtheEndNoterecordnumber,withcitationdelimitersat e achendtoidentifythetext: {Author,Year#RecordNumber}. Forexample: {Alvarez,1994 # 8} Theunformattedcitationmakesiteasytoidentifytherecordcited. E venifyourfinalgoalisnumericcitations,youcanseemeaningfulinformation w hileyouareworkingonyourdocument. EndNotereliesonthesetemporarycitationstodeterminewhichreferences t oincludeinthebibliography.

Formatted Citations
TheFormatBibliographycommandusesanoutputstyletoconvertall u nformattedcitationsintoformattedcitations,andreflects finaloutput. Note:WhenInstant F ormattingisturnedon,formattingisdoneasyouinsertcitationsbut y oucanstilluseFormatBibliography tochangethestyleorlayoutof y ourcitationsandbibliography. FormattedcitationsincludehiddenWordfieldcodesincaseyouwant t oFormatBibliographyagainlater,eitherafteraddingmore citations orbecauseyouwanttoformatinadifferentstyle. CitationsformattedinanAuthor-Datestylemightlooklikethis: (Alvarez1994;Turnhouse1987) ThisisthesamecitationformattedintheNumberedstyle: [1,2] Youcaneasilyrevertfromformattedcitationsbacktounformattedcitations a tanytime.SeeUnformattingCitations. Related Topics: Customizing I ndividualCitations FieldCodes Finding a ndInsertingCitations Showing W ordProcessorCodes

Finding and Inserting Citations (Microsoft Word)

YoucansearchforEndNotereferencesandinsertthemwithouteverleaving W ord. ThisistheeasiestwaytofindandinsertacitationintoaWorddocument: 1. OpentheEndNotelibrariesthatcontain t hereferencesyouwishtocite. 2. OpentheWorddocumentandpositionthe c ursoratthelocationwhereyouwouldlikethecitation. 3. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,selecttheEndNoteX6submenuandFindCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteFind

InsertMyReferencesdialog. Word2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itationand t henFind C itation. 4. Inthetextboxatthetop,entertext t oidentifythereferenceyouwishtocite.EndNoteassumesan"and" b etweeneach word,andwillsearchallfieldsinyourrecords. 5. ClickFind a ndEndNotecomparesthetexttotextinyourEndNotereferencesand liststhematchingreference(s).Ifnoreferencesmatchyourtext,youneedtomodifyyoursearchtext a ndclickFindagain. 6. Identifyandhighlighttheappropriate r eference(s). 7. UsetheInsertbuttontriangletodisplay a menu,andselectfrom: l Insert: T oinsertthecitationandformatitasdefinedbythecurrently s electedoutputstyle l Insert & Display as: Author (Year) l Insert & Exclude Author l Insert & Exclude Year l Insert in Bibliography Only Note:Youcanclick I nsert(notthetriangle)toquicklyselectthedefaultInsertcommand. Citationsareinserteddirectlyintoyourpaperinthesamefontas t hesurroundingtext.Onceacitationisinserted,itcontainscomplete r eferenceinformationinhiddencodes. Youcaninsertcitationsinanexistingmanuscript orasyouwrite. R emembertosaveyourdocumentasyouwork. Toformatyourcitationsandgenerateabibliography,seeFormatting t heBibliography.Inmostcases,Instant Formattingapplies asyouinsertcitations. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Finding a ndInsertingfromHighlightedText Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting SelectedCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Using D rag-and-DroporCopyandPaste

Inserting Selected Citations (Microsoft Word)

ToinsertreferencesselectedinEndNote: 1. OpentheWorddocumentandpositionthecursor a tthelocationwhereyouwouldlikethecitation. 2. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandthenGotoEndNote.

Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickGo t oEndNote. 3. Highlightthedesiredreference(s) i nyourEndNotelibrary. 4. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenuinEndNote,selecttheCiteWhile YouWritesubmenuandselectInsertSelectedCitation(s). Word2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itation,and t henInsert S electedCitation(s). Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Finding a ndInsertingfromHighlightedText Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting MultipleCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Using D rag-and-DroporCopyandPaste

Finding and Inserting from Highlighted Text (Microsoft Word)

Tofindandinsertacitationfromhighlightedtext: 1. Asyouaretyping,entertexttoidentifythereference y ouwishtocite,andhighlightthattext. 2. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,selecttheEndNoteX6submenuandFindCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteFind InsertMyReferencesdialog. Word2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itation,and t henFind C itation. EndNoteinsertsyourhighlightedtextintotheFindbox.UsetheFind &InsertMyReferencesdialogasdescribedinFinding a nd InsertingCitations.

Using Drag-and-Drop or Copy and Paste (Microsoft Word)

YoucandragselectedcitationsfromyourEndNotelibraryanddropthem i ntoyourpaperatthedesiredlocationforthecitation. YoucanalsocopycitationsfromtheEndNoteLibrarywindowandpaste t hemintothedocument(usingCopyfromEndNotesEdit menuandthenPaste f romWords clipboard).

Inserting Multiple Citations (Microsoft Word)

Thereareseveralwaystoinsertmultiplereferencesinonein-text c itation.Whenformatted,theyappearasonemultiplecitation, sorted a syourbibliographicstylerequires: Unformatted:{Hall, 1 988#77;Baker,1988#16} Formatted:(Baker, 1 988;Hall,1988)

Youcaninsertupto250consecutivein-textcitations,althoughthe l imitcouldbelowerdependinguponthenumberoffields being formatted w iththeoutputstyleyouhavechosen. Note:Ifoneof t hecitationsinamultiplecitationisnotmatchedduringformatting, t heentirecitationremainsunformatted.Notes cannotbeinsertedaspart o famultiplecitation. ToinsertmultiplecitationsfromWord: 1. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectFindCitation(s). Word2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itationand t henFind C itation. 2. Enteragenericsearchtermthatwillfindthe r eferencesyouwant,andclickFind. 3. HolddowntheCtrl k eywhileclickingonthedesiredreferencesinthelist(orhold d owntheShiftkeytoselectacontinuous rangeofreferences)in o rdertohighlightthereferences. 4. ClickInsert. ToinsertmultipleselectedcitationsfromEndNote: 1. InEndNote,holddowntheCtrl k eywhileclickingonthedesiredreferencesinyourlibrary(orhold downtheShiftkeyto selectacontinuousrangeofreferences). 2. Word 2003: F romEndNotesToolsmenu,gototheCiteWhileYou W ritesubmenuandselectInsertSelectedCitation(s). Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsertCitationandthenInsertSelected. Toinsertmultiplecitationsindividually: Anotheroptionistoinsertcitationsindividually,butimmediately n exttoeachother.CiteWhileYouWritemerges adjacentcitationsduring f ormatting.Citationsdonotmergeifanycharacterseparatesthemincluding aspaceorpunctuationmark. Unformatted:{Hall,1988 # 77}{Baker,1988#16} Merged when Formatted: ( Baker,1988;Hall,1988) Note:Youcanadd c itationstoanexistingin-textcitation,orchangetheorderofcitations w ithinthedelimiterswiththeEditCitationsdialog. Toinsert,remove,oreditcitationswithinanexistingin-textcitation: 1. Clickontheformattedcitation. 2. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandEditCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteX6Edit ManageCitationsdialog. Word 2007and2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickEditAllofthecitedreferencesinthedocumentare listedinthe l eftcolumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitationappears w ithintext.Thelinebelowshowsthe citedreference(s) 3. Highlightacitation,andthen: l ClickRemovetodeleteit. l ClickInserttoinsertanothercitationwithin t hesamesetofdelimiters.

l Usethearrowbuttonstochangetheorderof t hecitationinamultiplecitation.(IfaCitationSortOrderis a ppliedbythecurrentoutputstyle,changingtheorderofcitations inamultiplecitationhasnoeffect.) YoucanusetheotherfeaturesonthisdialogasdescribedinCustomizing I ndividualCitations. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting SelectedCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Inserting From Multiple Libraries (Microsoft Word)

Youcancitereferencesfrommultiplelibraries.Simply opentheselected l ibrariesbeforeyoubegininsertingcitations. Ifpossible,though,werecommendthatyouuseasinglelibrarywhen w ritingapaper.Keepingallofyourreferencesinonelibrary simplifies t hewritingprocessbecauseyouknowexactlywheretofindeachreference, t hereislittlelikelihoodofduplicatereferences,andyouonlyneed t ohaveonelibraryopenwheninsertingcitations. Note:Ifyouplan t oinsertcitationsfrommorethanonelibraryintoapaper,readabout t heMergeDuplicatesinBibliography p reference Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting MultipleCitations Inserting SelectedCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Customizing Individual Citations

Theremaybecaseswhereyouwantindividualcitationstodifferfrom t hestandardformat.Youmaywanttoremovetheyearor authorfroma c itationifeitherwasmentionedinthecontextofthesentence.Or,you m ightwanttoaddapagereferenceorcommentbeforeorafterthecitation. Forexample,assumeaformattedcitationlookslikethis: Halls discovery(Hall,1988) Youcanomittheauthorsnamefromthe c itation:

Halls discovery(1988) Youcanomitthedatefromthecitation: the 1 988discovery(Hall) Youcanaddasuffixwithpagenumberto t hecitation: the d iscovery(Hall,1988p.4) Youcanaddaprefixtothecitation: the d iscovery(seeHall,1988) Tocustomizeaformattedcitation: 1. Insertandformatthecitation. 2. Clickontheformattedcitation. 3. Word 2003:FromWords T oolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6 s ubmenuandselectEditCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNote X6Edit Manage C itationsdialog. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickEditAllofthecitedreferencesinthedocumentare listedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitationappearswithin t ext.Thelinebelowshowsthe citedreference(s) 4. Highlightthecitationyouwanttocustomize. 5. Customizeas n eeded: Default Format: Selectthis m enuoptiontodisplaythecitationandformatitasdefinedbythe c urrentlyselectedoutput style. Display as: Author (Year): Select t hismenuoptiontodisplayboththeauthornameandtheyearinthe h ighlightedcitation. Exclude Author:Selectthistoomitthe authornamefrom t heformattedcitation. Exclude Year:Selectthistoomit t hedatefromtheformatted c itation. Prefix:Entertextheretoprintimmediately beforethe c itationtext(spacesaresignificant). Show Only in Bibliography: S electthisoptiontodisplaytheselectedcitationonlyinthebibliography, notinthebodyof thepaper. Suffix:Entertexthereto printafterthecitationtext ( spacesaresignificant).Youcanenterpagenumbershereifyou always w antthemtoprintafterthecitation. Pages: Pagenumbers enteredhereareconsideredenteredinto a"CitedPages"field,sotheycanbemanipulatedonoutput j ustlikeanyotherEndNotefield.Inordertoprint,theCitedPages f ieldmustbelistedinthecitationtemplateand/or footnotetemplate o fyouroutputstyle.Thisistypicallyusedtoprintthepagenumbers w ithinafullfootnotecitation.Most

EndNotestylesthatrequire a specialformatforcitationsinfootnotesarealreadyconfigured t hisway.Youcanmodifythe CitationTemplateinyouroutputstyle t oincludeCitedPages. 6. ClickOKtoimplementthechange(s) t othecitation. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes EditingCitations Examples o fModifiedCitations Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Including Semicolons&OtherCitationDelimitersinaCitation Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Including Notes in the List of References (Microsoft Word)

Somejournalstyles(suchasScience)requirethatyouincludenotes a longwiththelistofworkscitedattheendofthedocument. Insuch a system,notesarenumberedjustlikecitations,andareincludedin t hereferencelistinorderofappearance,alongwith bibliographicreferences. Includingnotesinthiswaymakessenseonlywhenyouareformatting y ourpaperwithanumberedstyle(notanauthor-date style). Toinserttextasanumberednoteinthereferencelist: 1. Positionthecursoratthelocationinyourtext w hereyouwouldlikethenumberindicatingthenote. 2. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenu,gotothe E ndNoteX6submenuandselectInsertNote t odisplaytheEndNoteInsert Notedialog. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itationand t henInsert N ote. 3. Typeyournotetextintothetextbox.Thereis n olimitontheamountoftextyoucanenter. 4. ClickOKtoinsertanumberednote. WhenyourpaperisformattedbyEndNoteusinganumberedstyle,the n otetextisassignedanumberandlistedalongwiththereferencesat t heendofthepaper. Thewaythatnotesaredisplayedwhenunformattedcanbechangedin t heTemporaryCitations p references. Tomanuallytypetextasanumberednoteinthereferencelist: 1. Typethetextintothebodyofyourdocumentwhere y ouwouldwantthenumberforthenotetoappear. 2. Besuretosurroundtheentiresectionoftext w ithyourTemporaryCitationDelimiters(curlybraces bydefault), a ndbeginit

with"NOTE:".Forexample: {NOTE:Theauthorswouldliketoacknowledgethe s upportof...} Restrictions on the Use of the "NOTE" Feature: l Thisfeaturerequiresthatanumberedstyle b eusedforformatting;otherwise,thenoteappearsastextinthe b odyofyour paper. l Enteralphanumerictextonly.Donotentergraphics, e quations,orsymbols. l Donotusethetemporarycitationdelimiters aspartofthetextofthenote.Othermarkers,suchastherecord n umber marker,theprefixmarker,andthemultiplecitationseparator m aybeused. l Notescannotbecombinedwithregularbibliographic c itationswithinthesamesetofdelimiters(suchasparenthesesor brackets).Theymustbecitedseparatelyeachinitsownsetofdelimiters. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Forms o fCitations Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting MultipleCitations Inserting SelectedCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Inserting Citations into a Formatted Paper (Microsoft Word)

Ifyouneedtoaddoneormorecitationstoapaperthathasalready b eenformatted,simplyinsertthenewcitationsintothetext (asdescribed e arlierinthischapter)andselectFormatBibliographywhenyouareready t oupdatethebibliographyandcitations. Toaddanewreferencetoanexistingcitation,insertthenewreference n extto(notwithin)theexistingcitation,likethis: (HockneyandEllis, 1 996){Argus,1984#1} Adjacentcitationsaremergedduringformatting,andtheformattedcitations a resortedaccordingtothestyle: (Argus,1984;Hockney a ndEllis,1996) Note:Donotinsert a citationintothemiddleofaformattedcitation.Insertitimmediately b eforeoraftertheexistingcitation,with nospacebetweenthem. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingfromHighlightedText Forms o fCitations Inserting FromMultipleLibraries

Inserting MultipleCitations Inserting SelectedCitations

Citing References in Footnotes and Endnotes (Microsoft Word)

Onceyouhavecreatedafootnoteorendnote i nWord,youcancitereferencesinthatfootnoteorendnotejustlikeyoucitethemin thebodyofthedocument. Tociteareferenceinafootnoteorendnote: 1. UsetheappropriatecommandinWordtocreatethe f ootnoteorendnote.(EndNotedoesnot c reatethefootnoteorendnote inthedocument,butisusedtoinsertandformatcitationsinthenote.) 2. Positionthecursorinthefootnoteorendnotewhereyouwouldlikethecitationtoappear. 3. Insertthecitationasyounormallywould. Note:Youcaneditafullreferencefootnotecitationtoexcludeauthorname,year,or a uthor/year.NotethattheAuthor(Year) optiondoesnotapplytofootnotes. TheEndNotestylethatisselectedwhenyouselectFormatBibliography d etermineshowcitationsinfootnotesandendnotes a re formatted.EndNotecanformatthesecitationsasbriefin-textcitations o rlikecompletereferencesinthebibliography.Itcanalso createaspecialformatspecifictofootnotesorendnotes,includingoptionslike"Ibid."andothervariationsofshortenedreferenceswhenacitationappearsmorethanonceinthefootnotesorendnotes.SeeBibliographyandFootnoteTemplates. Ifyouarecitingfullreferencesinfootnotes,youcanincludespecific p agenumberstobeformattedlikearegularEndNotefield. SeeCustomizing I ndividualCitations.Or,ifyouaremanuallytypingcitations,see C itingSpecificPageNumbers i nFootnotes. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotesandEndnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations Finding a ndInsertingCitations Finding a ndInsertingfromHighlightedText Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting MultipleCitations Inserting SelectedCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Typing Citations into Your Paper

Typing Citations into Your Paper
Therearemanywaystoinsertcitationsinyourpaper.Themostflexible w ayistomanuallytypetemporarycitationsdirectlyinto yourpaper. TherulesdescribedinthefollowingtopicsgovernhowEndNoterecognizes a ndinterpretstemporary(unformatted)citations.Use theseruleswhen t ypingtemporarycitationsdirectlyintoyourdocument.

Note: Fornewdocuments o rdocumentsthathaveneverbeenformatted,whenInstantFormattingis e nabled,itisnottriggered whenyoumanuallytypeareferenceintoa d ocument.YoumustusetheTools>EndNoteX6menu i nWord2003ortheEndNote tabinWord2007toeither i nsertanothercitationorformatthecitationsandareferencelist. I fadocumenthasbeensuccessfully formatted,andyoumanually t ypeinatemporarycitation,thatcitationisinstantlyformatted. l NotesAboutTemporaryCitations l ComponentsofaTemporaryCitation l OmittingAuthorsorYearsfrom C itations l CitationPrefixes l CitationSuffixes l IncludingSemicolons&Other C itationDelimitersinaCitation l ExamplesofModifiedCitations Related Topics: Finding a ndInsertingCitations Forms o fCitations Including N otesintheListofReferences Inserting C itationsintoaFormattedPaper Inserting FromMultipleLibraries Inserting MultipleCitations Inserting SelectedCitations InstantFormatting Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Overview o ftheCiteWhileYouWriteProcess Using D rag-and-DroporCopyandPaste

Notes About Temporary Citations

l Eachcitationmustmatchonlyonereference i nthelibrary. l WhenInstantFormattingisturnedoff,atemporary c itationisenclosedincitationdelimitersandtypicallyincludes t hefirst authorslastname,theyearofpublication,andtherecord numberforthatreference:{Schwartz,1990#5}. l Withinonesetofcitationdelimitersyoucan haveseveralcitationsseparatedbysemicolons: {Schwartz,1990#5;Billoski,1992#28}. l Curlybraces("{"and"}") a rethedefaulttemporarycitationdelimiters,althoughtheycanbe c hanged(seeTemporary C itations).EndNotelooksforthesemarkerstofindcitations i nyourwordprocessingdocuments. l Inadditiontothecitationdelimiters,there a reotherpossiblecomponents t oatemporarycitation:Author,Year,Record Number,PrefixText, S uffixText,andanyothertextfoundintherecord.Youcanalso u seaspecialtagtoformatthecitationasAuthor(Year). l Anypartofatemporarycitationcanbeomitted, a slongasenoughinformationremainstomatchjustonereference inthe library.Ifyouomitanauthororyearfromatemporarycitation, t hosecomponentsareomittedfromtheformattedcitationas wellalthough y oucanchangethispreference.SeeOmitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitationsformoreinformation.Additionally, y oucanomittheentirecitationsothattheentryonlyappearsin t hebibliography. Related Topics:

CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Examples o fModifiedCitations Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Temporary C itationPreferences Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Components of a Temporary Citation

ThetypicalEndNotetemporary(unformatted)citationconsistsofan a uthorslastname,ayear,andarecordnumber,allenclosed incitation d elimiters.However,temporarycitationscantakeonvariousotherformats. Temporarycitationsmustbeginandendwiththeopeningandclosing c itationdelimiters,buttheothercomponentsofatemporary citation c anvary. Youcantypeanystringoftextfoundinthereference,asin: {dinosaurextinction} Or,youcantypeanyoftheseitemsinthisorder(commaplacementis s ignificant): {Prefix\Author,Year#RecordNumberSuffix} {Prefix\Author,Year,AnyText,Suffix} Eachcomponentisbrieflydescribedbelow;moredetailedinformation f ollows. Authors Last Name: Onlythelast n ameofoneauthorislistedinatemporarycitation.Itcanbeanyauthor a ssociatedwiththe reference,andnotjustthefirstauthor.Include acommaaftertheauthorsnametolimitthesearchonlytoauthorfields: {Schwartz,1990} Year: Theyearshouldappearexactly a sitdoesinthereference,anditshouldbeprecededbyacomma.Even i fyouleaveoutthe authorname,includeacommabeforetheyeartolimit t hesearchtotheYearfield: {, 2 001} Record Number: Therecordnumberis EndNotesuniquenumberforareference.Itistheonlypartofatemporary c itationthat youcancountontoalways identifyjustonereferencein y ourlibrary.Therecordnumbermustbeprecededbyanumbersign: {Jones, 1 987#84} Any Text: Anytextthatappearsin t hereferencecanbeusedtohelpEndNotelocatethereferenceinthe library.Inorderforthis tobehelpful,selectwordsthatareunique t othatreference.Enterthespecifictextonly,orenterthetextin p laceoftherecord numberpartofthetemporarycitationandaftera s econdcomma: {greenhouse} {Schwartz,1990, {Schwartz,, Inthethirdexample,wherethedateisomitted, y oumustinsertaspacebetweenthetwocommas orEndNotewillnotrecognize anycitationmatches.

Prefix Text:Toaddtexttoprint b eforetheformattedcitation,typethetextimmediately aftertheopening b raceandthenabackslash"\"toseparateprefixtextfrom t hesearchtext: {see\Jones,1987#84} Suffix Text: Toaddtexttoprint a fteraformattedcitation,enterthesuffixtextimmediately afterthe r ecordnumberorenterathird commaafterthesearchtextandthentype t hesuffixtext: {Smith,1995#98p.293} {Smith,1995,dinosaur,p.293} Author (Year) format:ToaddacitationthatisformattedasAuthor(Year) inyourtext,include@author-yearafterthepagesdesignator: {Hesse,2003#95@@author-year} or{Hesse,2003#95@p.237@author-year} Bibliography Only format:Toinsertacitationthatonlyappearsinthebibliography, i nclude@@hidden,wherethefirst@is neededasthepagesplaceholder: {Smith,1995#98@@hidden} Note:Foraneasy w aytomodify individualCiteWhileYouWritecitationsoncetheyare f ormatted,seeEditingCitations. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Examples o fModifiedCitations Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Temporary C itationPreferences Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Omitting Authors or Years from Citations

Whileyourstylemaynormallyincludetheauthorsnameanddatein e achin-textcitation,youmaywanttoomittheauthorand/or yearfrom aparticularcitation.Thisisusefulifyouhavementionedtheauthor o ryearinthecontextofthesentenceanddonot wanttorepeattheinformation i nthecitation. Toremovetheauthorsnameordatefromacitation,simplyleavethat i nformationoutoftheunformattedcitation. Toomittheauthorsname,enter: ...Wyattsrecentdiscovery { ,1993#38}. whichwillformatas: ...Wyattsrecentdiscovery(1993). Toomitthedate,enter: ...abouthis1993discovery{Wyatt,#38}. whichwillformatas:

...abouthis1993discovery(Wyatt). Note:Numbered c itationsdonotprinttheauthornameoryearinanycase,sothesesettings w ouldbeignored. Ifyouwantareferencetoappearinyourbibliography,butnotasa c itationinyourpaper,youcanexcludeboththeauthorand year,leaving o nlytherecordnumber.Whenyouformatyourpaperwithastylethatformats a uthorsandyearsinthecitations,this particularcitationwillnot d isplayintext,butwillbeincludedinthebibliography. However,ifyouwouldratherhavetheauthorandyearappearinthe f ormattedcitationregardlessofwhetherornottheyareinthe temporary c itation,selectPreferencesfromEndNotesEdit m enu,selecttheFormattingoption,anduncheck t hesettingtoOmit Authorand/orYearfromformattedcitationif r emovedfromtemporarycitation.Withthissettingturnedoff,you m ayenterjustthe recordnumber{#34}asatemporarycitation, a ndstillformatthepaperaccuratelywithastylethatrequiresauthors a ndyearsin thein-textcitations. Note:Foraneasy w aytomodify individualCiteWhileYouWritecitationsoncetheyare i nserted,seeEditingCitations. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Components o faTemporaryCitation Examples o fModifiedCitations Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Citation Prefixes
Youcantypeaprefix infrontofanyunformattedin-textcitation, u singabackslashtoseparatetheprefixtextfromthereference. For e xample,anin-textcitationsuchas: {seealso\Hall,1988#77} formattedintheAPAstylewouldbe: (seealsoHall,1988) Whenthereisonlyoneprefixinamultiplecitationanditisatthe beginningofthecitation,itwillstaythereregardlessofhowthe citations aresorted.Forexample,thiscitation: {e.g.\Hall,1988#77;Argus,1991#11} afterbeingformattedintheAPAstyle w illappearas: (e.g.Argus,1991;Hall,1988) Iftheprefixisnotatthebeginningofthemultiplecitation,orif t hereismorethanoneprefixinamultiplecitation,theprefixtext remainswiththereferenceitprecedes.Forexample,thiscitation: {Argus,1984#11;especially\Hall,1988#77} formattedintheAuthor-Datestylewillbe: (Argus,1984;especiallyHall,1988)

Changing the Citation Prefix Marker

Youcanchangetheprefixmarkerfromabackslashtoanothercharacter byselectingPreferences fromEndNotesEdit menu, selectingtheTemporaryCitationsoption,andchangingthecharacter i nthe"CitationPrefixMarker"box.Useacharacterthatis nototherwiseusedinthecitations.Letters,numbers,semicolons,"@" a ndcommascannotbeprefixmarkers. S eeTemporary Citations. Related Topics: CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Components o faTemporaryCitation Examples o fModifiedCitations Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation

Citation Suffixes
Texttypedaftertherecordnumberorsearchtextinanunformatted c itationappearsimmediatelyafterthecitationwhenitisformatted. F orexample,thesecitations: {Hall,1988#77,p.5} {Smith,1995,dinosaur,,p.293} afterbeingformattedintheAPAstyle w illappearas: (Hall,1988,p.5) (Smith,1995,p.293) Inmultiplecitations,thesuffixtextremainswiththecitationthat itfollows,evenifthecitationsaresorteddifferentlyduringtheformatting p rocess.Forexample,thiscitation: {Hall,1988#77p.5;Argus,1991#11} formattedintheAuthor-Datestylewillbe: (Argus,1991;Hall,1988p.5) Related Topics: CitationPrefixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Components o faTemporaryCitation Examples o fModifiedCitations Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation

Including Semicolons and Other Citation Delimiters in a Citation

Inordertoprintanactualsemicolonortheprefix marker(\)aspart o facitation,typeanaccentgrave(`)beforethecharacter.The accent g ravetellsEndNotetotreatthefollowingcharacterasregulartext, a ndnotasasignificantcharacterforparsingthecitation.Forexample, t ocreateacitationthatisformattedas: (seeFigure1;Jackson,1994) theunformattedcitationmustlooklikethis:

{seeFigure1`;\Jackson,1994#28} The`characterbeforethesemicolontellsEndNotenottotreatthe s emicolonasaseparatorbetweencitations. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Components o faTemporaryCitation Examples o fModifiedCitations Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Citing Specific Page Numbers in Footnotes

Whencitingfullreferencesinfootnotes,youmightwanttoinclude s pecificpagenumbers.EndNoteprovidesawaytodothis wherethepage numbersthatyoutypeintoatemporarycitationcanbemanipulatedby t heEndNotestylejustlikeafieldinyour EndNotereference.Youcan a ddspecificpagestothetemporarycitation,andhavetheEndNotestyle includethemwherever theyneedtobeintheformattedcitation.Thestyle c analsoapplyspecialpagesformatting,likedecidingwhethertoadd " p."or "pp.beforethe pagenumbers,andhowtolisttherangeofpages. TheeasiestwaytoaddcitedpagesistousetheEdit C itationdialog. Tomanuallyincludespecificpagenumberstoareferenceinanunformatted f ootnotecitation,simply enterthepagenumberprecededby"@" a ttheendofthetemporarycitation: {Smith,1999#24@145-6} Alltextthatfollowsthe@symbol(uptothenextspace)isconsidered t he"CitedPages."YoumustalsoconfiguretheEndNote style u sedtoformatthepapertouse"CitedPages"inthefootnote t emplate.MostEndNotestylesthatrequireaspecialformatfor citations infootnotesarealreadyconfiguredthisway. WhenEndNoteformatsthecitation,thecitedpages("145-6" intheexampleabove)areinsertedinthecorrectlocationandformatted a sappropriateforthestyle. Note:Ifyouenter p agenumbersattheendofthetemporarycitationwithoutthe"@" c haracter,theywillstillappearinaformattedin-textcitation,but E ndNotewillnotbeabletomanipulatethembychangingthepageformat o rbymovingthemtoadifferentpositionintheformattedcitation.They w illsimplyappear,asentered,attheendoftheformattedin-textcitation. T hisisa perfectlyacceptablewaytoenterpagenumbersforin-textcitations ( orforfootnotesformattedjustlikeyourin-textcitations). SeeCitationSuffixestoseehow t hisworks.Thismethodwillnotworkforcitationsinfootnotesthat a reformattedasfullbibliographicreferencesorwithaspecialfootnote f ormat.Forthosecases,youmustusethe@symboltoidentifythecited p ages inthetemporarycitation. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Components o faTemporaryCitation Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations

Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Examples of Modified Citations

Thefollowingexamplesdemonstratehowdifferentmodificationstoa t emporarycitationaffectitsformattedcitationineitheran author/year o rnumberedstyle.Inthefirstcolumnisanexampleofamodifiedtemporary c itationbeforeformatting,andtotheright aretwoexamplesofthat c itationformattedindifferentstyles. Examples of Modified Citations Formatted Comments with Numbered [1] Toremovetheyearfrom t heformattedcitation,simplydeleteitfrom theunformatted c itation. {, 1 988#77} (1998) [1] Toremovetheauthor f romtheformattedcitation,deletejustthe authorsnamefrom t heunformatted citation.Notethatthecomma remainsinthetemporary c itationto indicatetheomiss ionoftheauthor. {#77} Nocitation [1] Thistemporarycitation removesthe appears authorandtheyearfromtheformattedcitation.When f ormattedwith anauthor-datestyle,thein-textcitationiseliminated, b utthereference stillappearsinthebibliography.Numbered c itationsappearasusual. {Hall,1988 (Hall1988p.4) [1p.4] Toaddtextafterthe f ormattedcita#77p.4} tion,additaftertherecordnumberin theunformatted c itation.Withthis temporarycitat ion,thetextafterthe record n umber,includingspacesand punctuation,isaddedtotheformatted c itation. {see \ Hall, (seeHall1988) [see1] Toaddtextbeforethe f ormattedcita1988#77} tion,typethetextimmediatelyafter theopening c urlybrace,andtypea backslash"\"toseparatethe t ext fromtheauthorsname.(SeeCitation P refixes. {Hall, # 77, (Hall,p.4) [1,p.4] Thistemporarycitation eliminates p.4} theyearfromtheformattedcitation, butaddsthe a dditionaltext",p.4". Typeadditionaltextafter t herecord numberorafterathirdcommawhen usingadditional s earchtext. Modified Citations Table Unformatted Formatted Citation with AuthorDate {Hall, # 77} (Hall)

Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Components o faTemporaryCitation Including SemicolonsandOtherCitationDelimiters inaCitation Notes A boutTemporaryCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper

Changing Existing Citations

Editing Citations (Microsoft Word)
Onceyouhaveinsertedandformattedacitation,youshouldnotedit i tdirectly(althoughyoucandoso).Directedits arelostthe nexttimeEndNoteformatsthebibliography. YoucanalmostalwaysgetEndNotetoformatyourcitationsexactlyto y ourspecificationsbyeditingthestyle,theEndNotereference,orthe c itation(asdescribedhere). Note:Aneasyway t oomittheAuthororDatefromanindividualcitationistoselectthe c itation,right-clickwithyourmouse, selectEditCitation(s)andthenExclude AuthororExcludeYear. Tosafelyeditaformattedcitation: 1. Clickonthecitationyouwishtochange. 2. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenu,andselectEditCitation(s)todisplaytheEndNote EditCitation d ialog. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickEdit. Allofthecitedreferencesinthedocumentare l istedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitation appearswithin t ext.Thelinebelowshowsthecitedreference(s). 3. Selecttheappropriatecitationfromthelistat t heleftofthedialog(youcanscrollthroughallcitationsinthe d ocument)and makeanyofthefollowingchangestothehighlighted c itation: Default Format: Select t hismenuoptiontodisplaythecitationandformatitasdefined b ythecurrentlyselectedoutput style. Display as: Author (Year): S electthismenuoptiontodisplayboth t heauthornameandtheyearinthehighlightedcitation. Thisfeature d oesnotapply w heneditingacitationina f ootnote. Exclude Author:Selectthistoomitthe authornamefrom t heformattedcitation. Exclude Year: S electthistoomitthedatefromtheformatted c itation. Show Only in Bibliography: S elect t hisoptiontodisplaytheselectedcitationonlyinthebibliography, notinthebodyof thepaper.

Prefix:Entertextheretoprint i mmediately b eforethe c itationtext(spacesaresignificant). Suffix:Entertexthereto p rint a fterthecitationtext ( spacesaresignificant). Pages: Enterpagenumbershereto p rintas C itedPages. T oprint,theCitedPagesfieldmustbelistedinthecitationtemplate o rfootnotetemplateoftheoutputstyle. 4. Youcanaddorremovecitationsfromamultiple c itationorchangetheorderofcitations. Insert:Use t histoaddanothercitationwithinthe s amesetofdelimiters. Remove:Highlightacitationand c lickRemovetodelete i tfromthein-textcitation. Up and Down Arrows:Highlight areferenceandusethe arrowstochangetheorderofdisplay.(IfaCitationSort Order isappliedbythecurrentoutputstyle,usingthisdialogto c hangetheorderofcitationsinamultiplecitationhasnoeffect.) 5. ClickOKtoimplementyourchange(s). Aftermakingchanges,selectFormatBibliographyto(re)formatthe n ewormodifiedcitationsandregeneratethebibliography. Word 2003:SelectFormatBibliographyto(re)formatthenewormodified c itationsandregeneratethebibliography. Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab, i ntheBibliographygroup,clickUpdateCitationsandBibliographyor c lickthecorner arrowtochangebibliographypreferences andFormat B ibliography. Related Topics: CitationPrefixes CitationSuffixes Citing S pecificPageNumbersinFootnotes Customizing I ndividualCitations DeletingCitations Examples o fModifiedCitations Including Semicolons&OtherCitationDelimitersinaCitation Moving o rCopyingCitations Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Unformatting C itations

Unformatting Citations (Microsoft Word)

Unformattingrevertsformattedcitationstotemporarycitations,removes t hebibliography,andturnsoffinstantformatting. Ifyourcitationsareformattedinanumberedstyle,youcanunformat y ourpapertoeasily identifycitationsasyouwork.Youcan Format B ibliographyagainlater. Note:Unlikeformatted c itations,unformattedcitationsrequirethatyouhavethecorresponding E ndNotelibraryopeninorderto formatthepaperagain.Unformatting r emovestheTravelingLibrary. Tounformatcitations: 1. Determinewhichcitationsyouwanttounformat:

l Tounformataparticularcitation,highlight onlythatcitation. l Ifthecitationyouwanttounformatispart o famultiplecitation,highlightthemultiplecitation.Allcitations w ithinthedelimiterswillbeunformatted. l Tounformatasectionofthedocument,highlight t hatsection. l Tounformattheentiredocument,eitherselect n othingorhighlighttheentiredocument. 2. Word2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandUnformatCitation(s). Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickConvert C itationsandBibliographyand s elect Convert t oUnformattedCitations.Ifyouareunformattingtheentiredocument,thisunformatsallof t hein-textcitationsand removesthecurrentbibliography. Youcantellwhenapaperisunformattedbecausethecitationsappear inthetemporarycitationformat(suchas"{Smith,1999 #25}"). Unformattedcitationsaretemporaryplaceholdersthatdonotreflect f inaloutput.Youcanformatthepaperagainatanytime.To savethe f ormattedpaperastext,seeRemoving F ieldCodes. Note:Whenyou u nformatcitations,InstantFormatting i sdisabled.Toformatyourpaper:Word 2003: G ototheToolsmenu, thentheEndNoteX6submenu, a ndselectFormatBibliography.Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,inthe B ibliography group,clickthecornerarrow.FromtheFormat B ibliographydialog,youcanenableInstantFormattingagainontheInstant F ormattingtab. Related Topics: Components o faTemporaryCitation FieldCodes Forms o fCitations Showing W ordProcessorCodes

Moving or Copying Citations (Microsoft Word)

Youcanhighlightanytextthatincludescitations,thenusetheClipboard c ommandstoCutorCopy,andthenPasteitelsewhere inthedocument. Y oucandothiswithformattedortemporary(unformatted)citations. Tomoveorcopyonlythecitationitself,makesureyouhighlightthe entirecitation(includingsurroundingdelimiters).ThenCutor Copyand P asteitelsewhereinthedocument.

Deleting Citations
Todeleteanunformattedcitation,simply highlighttheentirecitation ( includingdelimiters),andpresstheBackspaceorDelete key. Whileitispossibletohighlightaformattedcitationandsimply press t hedeletekeyonyourkeyboard,wedonotrecommendthat youdothat. I fyoudonotcompletelydeletethecitationandallassociatedcodes, y oucouldcorruptyourdocument. Tosafelydeleteaformattedcitation: 1. InWord,highlightthecitationyouwanttodelete. 2. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectEdit&Manage C itation(s)todisplay

theEndNote X 6Edit ManageCitationsdialog. Word 2007and2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickEdit Manage 3. IntheEdit&ManageCitationsdialog,ensure t hatthecitationyouwanttodeleteishighlighted. I fthecitationispartofa multiplecitation,makesureyouselect justthecitationyouwanttodelete. 4. FromtheEditReferencemenu,clickRemoveCitation. 5. ClickOK.

Generating Bibliographies
Generating Bibliographies (Microsoft Word)
Formattingabibliographyservestwofunctions: l Itformatseachin-textcitationaccordingto t heselectedbibliographicstyle. l Itaddsacompletebibliographytothedocument ( unlessyouoverridethiswithasettingintheoutputstyle). l Theformatusedforcitationsandreferencesisdeterminedbythe outputstyleselected.Whenyouhavefinishedwritingyour paperin W ord,andallofyourEndNotecitationshavebeeninsertedintothe text,youarereadyforEndNotetoformatthepaper andgeneratea bibliography.Thiscanbedoneinoneoftheseways: l InstantFormattingactuallyworksasyouinsert c itationsandisenabledwhenyoufirststartusingCiteWhileYou W rite. EndNoteusesthecurrentlyselectedstyletoformatcitations a ndupdatethebibliographyeachtimeacitationisinserted. However, i fyouwanttochangethestyleorlayoutofreferences,youcanuse t heFormatBibliographycommand. l FormatBibliographyallowsyoutomodify bibliography p references suchasstyleandlayoutbeforeformattingyourdocument. T hisisalsowhereyouenableordisableInstantFormatting. Word 2003:FromtheEndNoteX6submenuontheToolsmenu,selectFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottomcornerarrow. UpdateCitationsandBibliographyisavailableinWord2007.YouwillfinditontheToolsmenuontheEdit&ManageCitationdialog.EndNoteusesthecurrentlyselectedstyletoformatcitations,thebibliography,plusfiguresandtables.You couldalsosimplyselectanewstylefromtheStylelistintheBibliographygroup. Thesearethebasicformattinginstructions: 1. Word 2003:FromtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottomcornerarrow. 2. OntheFormatBibliographytab,usetheWithOutputStyleoptiontoselectanoutputstyletoformatreferences.Itisokayto experimentwithdifferentstylesbecauseyoucansimplyreformatagain. 3. ClickOKtoformatallcitationsandbuildthebibliography. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography

Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Instant Formatting (Microsoft Word)

InstantFormattingworkswhileyouwriteyourpaper.Asyouinsertcitations, E ndNoteusesthecurrentlyselectedstyletoformat citationsandupdate t hebibliography.Bydefault,InstantFormattingisenabledthefirst t imeyouusetheTools>EndNoteX6 menuinWord2003ortheEndNote t abinWord2007and2010toinsertacitationorformat t hebibliography. Tochangethestyleorlayoutofreferences,ortochangeInstantFormatting s ettings,youcanusetheFormatBibliography c ommand,whichisdescribedinthenextsection. Insomecases,InstantFormattingisdisabled,suchaswhenyouunformat y ourpaper. Fornewdocumentsordocumentsthathaveneverbeenformatted,when I nstantFormattingisenabled,itisnottriggeredwhen youmanuallytype a referenceintoadocument.YoumustusetheTools>EndNoteX6menu i nWord2003ortheEndNotetabin Word2007toeither insertanothercitationorformatthecitationsandareferencelist. I fadocumenthasbeensuccessfullyformatted,andyoumanuallytypein a temporarycitation,thatcitationisinstantlyformatted. TouseInstantFormatting i nWord2007,smart tagsmustbeenabled(theyareturnedonbydefault). ToverifythatSmartTags a reenabled: l Word 2007 and 2010:ClicktheOffice i con,thenWordOptions,thenProofing,thenAutoCorrect O ptions.OntheSmart Tagstab,selecttheLabeltextwithsmart t agscheckboxandmakesureIn-textCitation(CwywCitationRecognizer)"is selected. ToenableordisableInstantFormattinginthecurrentdocument: 1. Word 2003 :FromtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010 : OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottom c ornerarrow. 2. ClicktheInstantFormattingtab. 3. ClickTurnOnorTurnOfftotoggleInstantFormatting. Whenenabled,youcanclicktheSettingsbuttontochangetheseInstant F ormattingcontrols: l Scan for temporary citationsturnsonscanningoftemporarycitations. T hisfindsandformatsallcitations,includingthoseyoumay h aveenteredmanually.YoucanselecthowoftenEndNotescans y ourdocument. l Check for citation changes turnsonbackgroundscanningthatlooks f orcitationchanges. 4. ClickOKtosavechangestotheInstantFormatting s ettings. 5. ClickOKtoformatallcitationsandbuildthe b ibliography. WhenInstantFormattingisenabled,leavingtheFormatBibliography d ialog-whetheryouclickOKorCancel-willalwaystrigger formatting i nyourdocument. Note:ToturnInstant F ormattingonorofffornewWorddocuments,seeGeneral P references . Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList

BasicInstructions Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Formatting the Bibliography and/or Changing Bibliography Settings (Microsoft Word)

Youmaybehalfwaythroughinsertingcitations,oryoumayhavefinished w ritingyourpaper.Youmayhaveinstantformattingenabled,oryoumay h avemanuallyinsertedcitationswithformattingdisabled.Itdoesnotmatter.Aslongasyouhavecitations enteredinyour d ocument,youcanformatyourpaperatanytime.Youcanreformatafter a ddingmorecitationsortochangethe styleorlayoutsettings. Note:Thefirst t imeacitationisformatted,thecorrespondingEndNotelibrarymustbe o pen.Afterthat,EndNotecanusethe Traveling Libraryforreferenceinformation. Toformatcitationsandgenerateabibliography: 1. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenuinWord,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottomcorner a rrow. 2. OntheFormatBibliographytab,changeorverify t hesesettings. Format document:MakesuretheappropriateWorddocument i sselectedfromthelistofopenWorddocuments. With output style:Selecttheappropriateoutputstyle t oformatreferences.Youcanexperimentbyreformattingwithvarious outputstyles.Toaddmoreoutputstylestothelist,seeAdding StylestotheOutputStylesList. Temporary citation delimiters:hesearetheopening a ndclosingdelimitersfortemporarycitations.Makesuretheyare uniquedelimiters,andnotcharactersyouwouldnormallyuseinyour p aper.Thedefaultsarecurlybraces Link in-text citation to reference in the bibliography:Thisoption i sselectedbydefault.Cleartheselectiontoremove linkedin-textcitations inthebibliographyofyourpaperinWord. Underline linked in-text citations:Selectthisoptiontoadd u nderlinestoin-textcitations.Clearthecheckboxtoremove underlines f romin-textcitationsinyourpaper.Thisoptionisonlyavailable ifthe"Linkedin-textcitationtoreferenceinthe bibliography" i sturnedon. 3. OntheLayouttab,changeorverifythesesettings: Font and Size:Thesearethetextfontandsize u sedforthebibliography. Bibliography title:Toprintatitleatthetopofyour b ibliography,typethetitleinthistextbox. Text Format:Highlightthebibliographytitle t extandthenusetheTextFormatbuttontodisplayadialogwhere y oucan changetheformatofthehighlightedtext.

Start with bibliography number :Enterastartingreference numberifyouwanttonumberyourbibliography. First line indentandHanging indent:Usethesesettings t osetaparagraphindent,ahangingindent,ornoindentatall. Thehangingindentappliestothesecondandsubsequentlinesofa r eferenceinthebibliography.Typemeasurementsas centimeters(cm), i nches(in),lines(li),orpoints(pt).LinespacingandSpaceafter:SettheLinespacing f orwithinareferenceandtheSpaceafterforspacingbetweenreferences. 4. OntheInstantFormattingtab,youcanTurnOn o rTurnOffInstantFormatting.SeeInstant F ormatting. 5. ClicktheLibrariesUsedtabtoseewhichlibraries a rereferencedinthedocument.Thistabliststhenameofthelibrary o r librariesthatwereusedfortheformattedcitationswithinthe d ocument.Ifyourdocumentisunformatted,thelistisempty. 6. ClickOKtosavechangesandformatyourcitations andbibliography. Note:Youdonot h avetoverify eachtabeverytimeyouformat.Ifallyouwanttodois c hangetheoutputstyle,selectFormat Bibliography,selecttheoutput s tyleontheFormatBibliographytab,andclickOK.Word 2007 and 2010:Aneasieroptionisto go t otheEndNotetab,lookintheBibliographygroup,andsimply select a newStyle. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Adding Styles to the Output Styles List

ThebibliographicstyleselectedontheFormatBibliographydialogdetermines h owEndNoteformatsthecitationsinyourpaper andthereferencesin t hebibliography.Thestyletakescareoftextstyles,punctuation,and s ortingrequiredforthecitationsand bibliography,aswellaswhich f ieldsareincludedinthebibliography. YoucanuseFormatBibliographytoselectadifferentstyleandreformat y ourdocumentatanypoint. Foratypicalinstallation,EndNoteinitiallyinstallonlythemost p opularoutputstyles,althoughmorethe4,500styles a reavailable. SeeInstalling AdditionalOutputStyles Tomarkaninstalledoutputstyleasafavoritesoitwillappearin t heOutputStylelist: 1. InEndNote,gototheEditmenu,select OutputStyles,andthenselectOpenStyleManager. 2. Findthestylethatyouneed. l Youcanquicklyselectastylebytyping itsname,orscrollthroughthelisttofindwhatyouneed. l Clickonthecolumnheadingstosortthe s tylesbyeithernameorcategory.Clickasecondtimetoreverse t hesort order. l UsetheFind b ybutton i ntheStyleManagerwindowtofindentirecategoriesofstyles o rtosearchforastylebya

wordinitsname.Forexample,click t heFindby b uttonandselectChemistrytodisplayallofthe s tylesinthecategory"Chemistry." The"StyleInfo"itemintheinformationpanelcanbe c hangedfromStyleInfotoStylePreviewtodisplayapreview ofhowtheselectedstyleformatsEndNotessamplereferences. 3. Clickinthecolumnboxtotheleftofthestyles nametoselectitasoneofyourfavorites.Or,tomarkallofthe s tylesthat aredisplayed,perhapsawholecategory,clickMarkAll. 4. ClosetheStyleManagerbyclickingtheclosebutton o rselectingCloseStyleManagerfromtheFilemenu. StylesmarkedasfavoritesappearintheOutputStyleslistofEndNotes E ditmenuaswellasthestyleslistinMicrosoftWord andOpenOffice.orgWriter. Allstyles canbemodifiedtomeetyourspecifications. Youcanalso c reatecompletelynewstylesifnecessary.SeeModifying StyleTemplatesforinstructionsaboutcreatingandmodifyingstyles. Related Topics: Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers The S tyleManager

Reformatting Papers (Microsoft Word)

Adding New Citations to Formatted Papers
Ifyouaddmorecitationstoyourpaperaftertheformattingprocess, y oucanupdatethecitationsandthebibliographybyselecting theFormat Bibliographycommandagain.Word 2007 and 2010:ClickUpdate C itationsandBibliographyor c lickthecornerarrow tobringuptheFormatBibliographydialog. Note:Youdonot n eedtounformatyourcitationsinordertoreformatthem.

Reformatting with Different Styles

Toreformatyourpaperinadifferentstyle: 1. Word 2003: G ototheToolsmenu,thentheEndNoteX6submenu,andselectFormatBibliography a gain. Word 2007 and 2010: YoucanselectanewStyleintheBibliographygroup,orclickthe c ornerarrowtobringuptheFormatBibliographydialog. 2. SelectanewstylefromtheFormatBibliography d ialogandclickOK. Yourcitationsandbibliographyareupdatedforthenewbibliographic s tyle.SeeAddingStylestothe O utputStyles Listforinformationaboutexpandingthelistof a vailablestyles.

Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies

Creating a Bibliography from Multiple Documents (Microsoft Word)

YoucanuseWordsMasterDocumentfeaturetogenerateasinglebibliography f rommultipledocuments.Thisallowsyouto createacumulativebibliography f romanynumberofbookchapters.(Asanalternative,werecommendusing a singleWorddocumentsplitintoSections.SeeCreating M ultipleBibliographiesinaSingleDocument.) Togenerateasinglebibliography: 1. Ineachofyourdocuments,orchapters,insert y ourcitationstolinkthemtoreferencesinanEndNotelibrary. 2. Word 2003: I neachdocument,gototheToolsmenu,thentheEndNote X 6submenu,andselect U nformatCitationsto unformatallofthecitationsinthedocument. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickConvert C itationsandBibliographyand s elect Convert t oUnformattedCitations. 3. Closeallofyourdocuments. 4. Createanewdocument. 5. UsetheOutlineviewtodesignatethenewdocument asamasterdocument,theninsertanddisplayeachofyourchapters assubdocuments.(CheckWordsdocumentationifyouneedstep-by-step instructions.) Note: I fyouhavecollapsedsubdocumentstohidetheircontentinOutlineview, makesureyouexpandtheminorderto displaythecontentsofallsubdocuments b eforecontinuing. 6. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottomcorner a rrow. Note: Y ourdocumentsmustallowread/writeaccess;theycannotbedesignated R ead-only(locked). 7. VerifytheformattingoptionsandclickOK. EndNotecreatesthebibliography,usingcitationsfromthemasterdocument andalldisplayedsubdocuments,andplacesitatthe endofthemaster d ocument.Youcanmovethebibliographyanywherewithinthemasteror s ubdocuments,anditwillremainin thatlocationevenwhenyoureformat. Note:If y ouselectWords Insert>Filecommand,andthenselecttheLinkoption t oinsertadocumentintothetext,EndNotewill notformatthelinked d ocumentwhenyouformatthemaindocument.Thetextfromthelinkeddocument w illbeskipped.

Ifyouwanttoformatabibliographyforeachsubdocumentplusacumulative b ibliographyattheendofthemasterdocument,followtheinstructions a bove,butuseanoutputstylethatallowsformattingofSections.See t hedescriptionaboutCreating M ultiple BibliographiesinaSingleDocumentandSections f oradditionalinformation.Inthecaseofamasterdocument,subdocuments a re treatedassections. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating M ultipleBibliographiesinaSingleDocument Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Creating Multiple Bibliographies in a Single Document (Microsoft Word)

Bydefault,EndNotecreatesasinglebibliographyattheendofeach o fyourWorddocuments.However,youmaywanttocreatea separatebibliography f oreachsection(orchapter)inyourdocument.Outputstyleoptionsare availablesothatyoucanchooseto: l Createasingle,completebibliographyatthe e ndofthedocument(thedefaultsettingforalmostallofthesupplied o utput styles). l Createabibliographyforeachsectioninthe document. l Createabibliographyforeachsectionandalso a completebibliographyattheendofthedocument. Note:Theseoptions a reignoredbyversionsofEndNotepriortoversionX6.

In Microsoft Word, break your document into sections

EndNotecanformateachsectionindividually.Youmaywanttobreak e achchapterintoitsownsection.Inthecaseofamaster document, s ubdocumentsaretreatedassections. In Microsoft Word 2003: FromtheInsertmenu,selectBreaks,andthenselectoneofthefour o ptionsunderSectionbreaktypes:NextPage,Continuous, EvenPage,or O ddPage. In Microsoft Word 2007 and 2010: OnthePageLayouttab,click o nBreaks,andthenselectoneofthefouroptionsunderSectionBreaks: e xtPage,Continuous, EvenPage,orOddPage. Note:Ifyouneed a dditionalinformationaboutsectionbreaks,pleaseseeyourMicrosoft W orddocumentation.

Modify the output style as needed

Ifyouwanttouseapredefinedstylethatformatssections,tryAPA 5 th(sections)orChicago15thB(sections).Thesestylesare already d efinedtoformatabibliographyforeachsection,anddonotrequire m odification. Otherwise,werecommendthatyoustartbycopyinganexistingoutput s tyleandgivingitauniquename.Thisleaves theoriginal styleintact. S eeCopyingStyles. Next,clickontheSectionspanelintheoutputstyle.Thisiswhere y ouselecttheappropriateoptionforcreatingasinglebibliographyfrom allsections,aseparatebibliographyforeachsectionindividually,or b oth.ForacompletedescriptionoftheformattingoptionsforMicrosoft W ordsections,seeSections. Saveyourchangesandclosetheoutputstyle.

Format your Word document with the new output style

Formatyourbibliographyasyounormallywould,butmakesureyoufirst s electthenewoutputstylethatyoucreated.SeeFormatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliographyinWord. Again,youcanusethepredefinedstylesAPA5th(sections)orChicago 1 5thB(sections).Thesestylesarealreadydefinedtoformatabibliography f oreachsection.

Additional Formatting Notes

WhenworkingwithsectionsinWord,pleasenotethat: l EndNotewillalwaysinsertablanklinebetween t hefinaltextofeachsectionandthereferencelistforthatsection. l Whenyouformatareferencelistattheend o feachsection,thebibliographytitlewillbeusedfromtheLayout t abofFormat Bibliography.Ifyoudonotwantatitleforeach s ectionbibliography,makesurethe"BibliographyTitle" t extboxontheLayouttabisempty.SeeFormatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliographyinWord. l IfyouhaveinstructedtheoutputstyletoCreate abibliographyforeachsectionandacompletebibliographyatthe e ndof thedocument,"butyouhaveonlyonesectionintheWord d ocument,acompletebibliographywillappeartwiceoncefor the e ndofthesection,andonceasacompletebibliographyfortheentire document. l IfyouhavemultiplesectionsinyourWorddocument, a ndswitchfromformattingwithastylethatformatssectionsindividually t oastylethatformatsasingle,cumulativebibliography...youwill s eethesectionbibliographiesdisappear!Ifyou wantthemback,make s uretoformatwithastylethatformatssectionsindividually. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocumentsinWord Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers Sections

Directly Editing Bibliographies (Microsoft Word)

Itisalwaysbesttomakechangestoyourfinalbibliographybycorrecting t hedataintheEndNotelibrary,editingtheoutputstyle youareusing, oraddingordeletingcitationsfromyourpaper.Then,aftermakingthe n ecessarychanges,formatthebibliography toautomaticallymakethecorrections. ItisnotalwayspossibleforEndNotetoformatthebibliographyexactly a sneeded,soyoumightneedtomanuallyedittheformattedbibliography. I fyoumustdothis,rememberthatifyoureformatapaperafterediting t hebibliography,EndNotewillnotpreserveyouredits.WhenEndNotereformats abibliography,itdeletestheexistingoneandputsanewoneinits p lace. Youcaneditthebibliographyasyouwouldanytext.Thebibliography maybeshaded,butyoucanstilleditit.Ifyoulaterreformat thepaper, y oureditswillbegone. Youcanaddtextafterthebibliography,butmakesuretoputitafter t heendoftheformattedbibliographyoutsideofthebibliographyfield. Note:SeeModifying StyleTemplatesforinstructionsabouteditingstyles. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList Creating a BibliographyfromMultipleDocuments Directly E ditingBibliographies Formatting t heBibliographyand/orChangingBibliography Generating B ibliographies Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables InstantFormatting Moving B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Moving Bibliographies (Microsoft Word)

CiteWhileYouWritealwayscreatestheinitialbibliographyatthe e ndoftheWorddocumentthatithasformatted.Ifyoumovethe bibliography t oadifferentlocationinthedocument,EndNotekeepsitthereevenif y oureformatthepaper.Youcandrag-and-drop thebibliography,or,if I nstantFormattingisdisabled,youcanCutandPastethebibliography. Note: W henInstant F ormattingisenabled,usedrag-and-droptomoveabibliography.If y outrytouseCutandPaste,InstantFormattingwillcreateanew bibliographyattheendofthedocumentbeforeyouhaveachancetoPaste. Related Topics: Deleting B ibliographies Directly E ditingBibliographies Generating B ibliographies Reformatting P apers

Deleting Bibliographies (Microsoft Word)

Todeleteabibliography,makesureInstant F ormattingisdisabled,selectthebibliography,andthendeleteit. Makesureyoudragthecursoracross theverybeginningofthebibliography t oselecttheentirebibliographyfield.PresstheBackspaceorDelete k ey.YoucanalsoCutthebibliographyifyouwanttopasteitsomewhere e lse.

Inserting and Formatting Figures and Tables

Inserting and Formatting Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)
OnceimagesareorganizedinanEndNotelibrary,theyareavailable f orinsertingintoamanuscriptwithCiteWhileYouWritecommands.The f inishingtouchistheautomaticcreationofafigurelistand/oratable listthatpresentsasequentiallistofallgraphics insertedinamanuscript. Afigurecitationisabriefnumberedcitationinthebodyofapaper t hatrefersthereadertoafigureattheendoftheparagraphorto a f igureinacompletelistoffiguresattheendofthepaper. In-textfigurecitationsaresequentiallynumberedandformattedlike t his: Marrellaisasmall"arthropod" s omewhatreminiscentofatrilobite.Thisillustrationalsoshowsthe d ark"blob"producedby bodycontentswhichweresqueezedout o ftheanimalafterburial.(Figure 1 ) Itincludestheword"Figure"(or"Table"),the s equentialnumber,andsurroundingparentheses.Thefieldmaybeshaded byWord tohelpyouseecitations,butshadingdoesnotprint.Youcan t urnfieldshadingoffinWord. Thecurrentoutputstyledeterminestheplacementofformattedfigures a ndtables.Theyappeareitherwithinthebodyofthe paper,directly a ftertheparagraphwheretheyarecited,orinalistattheendofthe d ocument,afterthebibliography. SeeFindingandInsertingFigures a ndTables. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Notes About Formatting Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)

l DonotuseMicrosoftWordCaptioninginconjunction w ithEndNotefigurecaptioningorin-textcitations. l Imagesfoundinthe"ChartorTable"referencetype a reinsertedintowordastables,whicharelabeledandnumberedseparately f romfigures.(YoustillusethegenericFindFigureandGenerate F igureListcommands.) l Ifyouopenanexistingdocumentthatalready h asfigurecitationsinthebody(thatwerenotinsertedwithEndNotes F ind Figurecommand),thosefigureswillnotbeincludedinthefigure l ist.Youwillneedtoaddtheexistingfigurestoreferences inEndNote, a ndthenusetheFindFigurecommandtoinsertthemintothedocument. l Youcanformatfigureseitherdirectlyafter t heparagraphinwhichtheyarecited,orinalistattheendof t hedocument.See Figures a ndTablesinWord. l TheInstantFormattingthatappliestobibliographies d oesnotapplytofigures.In-textfigurecitationsarealwaysformatted asyouinsertthem,butifyoumoveordeleteafigurecitationin y ourpaper,youmustmanuallyselectGenerateFigureList fromthe T oolsmenutoupdatethedocument.Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,in t heBibliographygroup,select Update C itationsandBibliography. l Figureandtablecaptionsareaddedfromthe C aptionfieldintheEndNotereference.

l Ifmorethanonein-textfigurecitationreferences t hesamefigurewiththesamecaption,thosecitationsareassigned t he samefigurenumber,andthefigureappearsonlyonceinafigure list. l Youcanmanuallyinsertapagebreakbetween f iguresifyouprefereachfigureonaseparatepage.Thesepagebreaks w ill berememberedifyouselectGenerateFigureList(or U pdateCitations andBibliographyin W ord2007and2010)again. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Finding and Inserting Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)

YoucansearchEndNotereferencesandinsertagraphicorfilefrom t hefigurefieldofareferenceintoyourWorddocument.The figurefield i nyourreferencesmaybetitledfigureorhaveacustomnameassigned b yyou. Note:Thefile t ypesacceptedaredependentonyourversionofWordandothersoftware i nstalledonyourcomputer.Forexample,someversionsofWordwillnot a cceptPDFfiles. ToinsertagraphicorfilethatisstoredinanEndNotereference: 1. OpentheEndNotelibrarythatcontainsthefigure y ouwishtoinsert. 2. IntheWorddocument,positionthecursoratthe l ocationwhereyouwouldlikethefigurecitationtoappear. 3. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,selectthe>EndNoteX6submenuandFindFigure(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteFind Figuresdialog. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,clickInsert C itationand t henFind Figure. 4. Inthetextboxatthetop,entertexttoidentify t hereferencethatcontainsthefigure.EndNoteassumesan"and" b etween eachword,andwillsearchallfieldsinyourrecords,including t heCaptionfield. 5. ClickFind,andEndNotecomparesthetexttotext inyourEndNotereferencesandlistseachmatchingreferencethat c ontainsanimage. EndNotedisplaystheAuthor,Year,Title,andCaptionfieldfromeach matchingreference.Dragtheverticalbarsbetween thecolumntitles t odisplaymoreorlessofafield.TheCaptionfieldshouldcontain a descriptionofthefigure. 6. Identify,highlight,andinserttheappropriate f igure. Ifnoreferencesmatchyourtext,youneedtomodifyyoursearchtext a ndclickFindagain. EndNoteplacesanin-textfigurecitationatthecursorlocationand i nsertsandlabelsthefigureitself. Note:Imagesfound i nthe"ChartorTable"referencetypeareinsertedintowordastables,which a relabeledandnumberedseparatelyfromfigures. Thefigureortablenumberrepresentstheorderoftheimageinthe d ocument.

EndNoteinsertstheimageitself,alongwiththecaption,immediately aftertheparagraphthatcitesit.Youcanmodifytheoutput styleto p lacefiguresandtablesinlistsattheendofthedocument,afterthe b ibliography.SeeFigures a ndTables. Youcaninsertfiguresandtablesinanexistingmanuscriptorasyou w rite.Remembertosaveyourdocumentasyouwork. Note:TheInstant F ormattingthatappliestobibliographiesdoesnotapplytofigures.In-text f igurecitationsarealwaysformatted asyouinsertthem,butifyoumove ordeleteafigurecitationinyourpaper,youmustmanuallyselectGenerate F igureListfrom theToolsmenutoupdatethedocument.Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,inthe B ibliographygroup,selectUpdate CitationsandBibliography. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Updating Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)

In-textfigurecitationsarealways formattedasyouinsertthem.By d efault,theyappeardirectlyaftertheparagraphinwhichthey arecited. H owever,youcandirecttheoutputstyletoformattablesandfigures i nlistsattheendofthedocument. Ifyoumoveordeleteafigurecitationinyourpaper,youmustmanually g eneratethefigurelisttoupdatethefigurecitationnumberingandplacement. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,selecttheEndNoteX6submenuandselectGenerateFigure L ist.Or,clicktheGenerate FigureListbuttonontheCWYWtoolbar. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography. EndNotewillnumbereachfigureandtablecitationsequentiallyinthe W orddocument,asshowninthisexample: Thisfamilytreeisnotachronologicalprogression. R ather,itillustrates howevolutionincorporatestraitsthatevolved f or unrelatedreasonsintoanovelstructure.(Table 1 ) Marellaisasmall"arthropod" s omewhatreminiscentofatrilobite.Thisillustrationalsoshowsthe d ark"blob"producedby bodycontentswhichweresqueezedout o ftheanimalafterburial.(Figure 1 ) Asresearcherslookatevidence,eventhecreston t hemodernCockatielprovidesinsightintotheevolutionoffeathers. ( Figure2) EndNotealsoinsertsanddisplaystheactualfigures(graphics,figures, t ables,charts,equations,orfiles)andlabels themwithfigureortable n umbers(tomatcheachin-textreference)andCaptiontextfromtheCaption f ieldintheEndNotereference. Ifyourfiguresarelistedattheendofthedocument: l Inafigureortablelist,ifmorethanone c itationreferencesthesamefigurewiththesamecaption,thosecitations a re assignedthesamefigurenumber,andthefigureappearsonlyonce inthelist. l Youcancontinuetoaddfigurecitationsto t heWorddocument.Ifyouchangethepositionoffigurecitations inyour

document(withtheCopyandPastecommands),selectGenerate F igureListagaintoupdatefigurenumbersandthecorrespondingfigures. W ord 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography t oupdatefiguresandtables. l Youcanmanuallyinsertapagebreakbetween f iguresifyouprefereachfigureonaseparatepage.Thesepagebreaks w ill berememberedifyougeneratethefigurelistagain.Or,direct t heoutputstyletoalways insertpagebreaksbetweenfigures. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables

Placing Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)

Figuresandtablesareformattedeitheraftertheparagraphwherecited o rinalistattheendofthemanuscript.Thisplacementis determined b ythecurrentoutputstyle. Note:Imagesfrom a nyreferencetypeotherthan"ChartorTable"areinsertedandformattedas Figures.Images fromthe"Chart orTable"referencetypeareinsertedandformatted a sTables.BothareinsertedwiththeFindFigurecommand.Bothareformatted w ithGenerateFigureList(in W ord2007,useUpdate C itationsandBibliography) .

Automatic Placement by the Output Style

Theselectedoutputstyledetermineswherefiguresandtablesareinitially p lacedinadocumentandwhenyouGenerateFigure ListorUpdateCitations andBibliography. Bydefault,outputstylesaresetuptoplacefiguresandtablesimmediately a ftertheparagraphinwhichtheyarecited.Youcan editindividualoutput s tylestoplacefiguresandtableseitheraftertheparagraphinwhich t heyarecitedorinalistattheendofthe document. Forinformationabouteditingyouroutputstyleforfigureplacement, s eeFiguresandTables. T heFigurespaneldeterminesthe placementoffiguresandtheircaptions, t heTablespaneldeterminestheplacementoftables(imagesfromthe"ChartorTable" r eferencetype)andtheircaptions,andtheSeparationandPunctuation p aneldeterminesimageseparationandpunctuationoflabels andcaptions.

Selecting a Different Output Style

ToapplyadifferentoutputstyleinWord: Word 2003:FromtheToolsmenu,selectEndNoteX6andthenFormatBibliography. Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,you c andirectlychooseadifferentstyle,orclickthebottomcornerarrow. SelectanoutputstyleontheFormatBibliographytabandclickOK. Y oucanselectadifferentoutputstyleevenifyouhavenobibliographic c itationsinyourpaper.Ifyoudohavebibliographiccitations,remember t hatyouroutputstylechoiceaffectsbothbibliographiccitationsand f igureandtablecitations.

Cite While You Write Override of the Output Style

Asyouworkinyourdocument,youmayadjusttheplacementofactual f iguresandtablesbycuttingthepicturesandpastingthem elsewhere inthedocument.Normally,whenthefigurelistisgeneratedagain,the o utputstyleputsthembackintheirinitiallocation!Youcanoverride t heoutputstyle,andtellEndNotetoleaveexistingfiguresandtables w heretheyarecurrentlyplaced.See Figures a ndTablesinWordforinformationaboutCiteWhileYouWrite preferencesthataffectFiguresandTables. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Moving Figures and Tables (Microsoft Word)

Moving In-text Figure and Table Citations
Tomoveorcopyafigureortablecitation: 1. Highlighttheentirecitation,includingthesurrounding p arentheses.Forexample:(Figure1) 2. UseCopyorCutfromtheEditmenutocopyormove t hecitationtotheClipboard.Word 2007 and 2010:Thesecommandsarefound i naClipboardgroup.Youcouldalsousedrag-and-drop t omoveafigurecitation. 3. Movethecursortothenewlocation. 4. FromtheEditmenu,PastetheClipboardcontents a tthenewlocation. 5. Word 2003: F romtheTools>EndNoteX6 m enu,selectGenerateFigureListtorenumberthein-textcitations a ndupdate figuresandtables. Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography. Theselectedoutputstyledetermineswhetherfiguresandtablesappear d irectlyaftertheparagraphwherecitedorinalistatthe endofthe document.Tomodifythissectionofyouroutputstyle,seeFigures a ndTables.

Moving Individual Figures and Tables

Tomoveanindividualfigureortablewithinthetextofthemanuscript: 1. Cutthefigure(ortable),includingthelabel a ndcaption,andPasteitintheappropriatepositioninyourmanuscript. 2. Word 2003: I nWord,gototheToolsmenuandselectEndNoteX6>CiteWhileYouWritePreferences. Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,selectPreferences. 3. OntheFiguresandTablestab,selectthebottom b uttonforcustomplacementoffiguresandtablesandclickOK. 4. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenu,selectEndNote X 6>GenerateFigureList.

Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography. EndNotewillupdatefigureandtablenumbering, b utwillnotchangethepositionofexistingfiguresandtables. Note:Thiscustom p lacementishonoredonlywhenthecurrentoutputstyleissetuptoprint f iguresandtableswithinthetextof themanuscript.Whentheoutput s tyleissetuptolistfiguresandtablesinlistsattheendofthe d ocument,regeneratingthefigurelistwillmovefiguresandtablesto t heappropriatelistattheendofthedocument.

Moving Figure and Table Lists

Whenanoutputstyleismodifiedtoprintfiguresandtables inalist a ttheendofadocument,thelistsappearafterthebibliography.However, y oumaywantthelisttoappearelsewhereinyourdocument.Somepublishers e venrequirethatfiguresbe providedinaseparatefile. Tomoveafigureortablelistelsewhereinyourdocument,suchasbefore t hebibliography: 1. Highlighttheentirelist,especiallythevery b eginningofthelistwhichcontainsahiddenmarker. 2. CutthelisttomoveittotheClipboard. 3. Movethecursortothenewlocation. 4. PastetheClipboardcontentsatthenewlocation. EachtimeyouselectGenerateFigureList(orUpdate C itationsandBibliographyin W ord2007and2010),EndNotelooksforthe beginningmarker, s othelistwillbeupdatedinitscurrentlocation. Ifmultiplein-textfigurecitationsreferencethesamefigurewith t hesamecaption,thosecitationsareassignedthesamefigure number, a ndthefigureappearsonlyonceinafigurelist. Toprovideafigureortablelistinaseparatefile: 1. Finalizeyourmanuscriptandfigurelist. 2. Highlighttheentirelist,andthenusetheCopy a ndPastecommandstopastethelistintoanotherWorddocument. 3. Deletethefigureortablelistfromthemanuscript f ile. Note:Donotselect G enerateFigureListor U pdateCitations a ndBibliographyagainwithineitherdocument. Related Topics: Deleting a FigureCitationorFigureList Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Deleting a Figure Citation or Figure List (Microsoft Word)

Todeleteafigureortablecitation:

1. Highlighttheentirecitation,includingthesurrounding p arentheses. 2. PresstheBackspaceorDeletekey. 3. Word 2003: F romtheTools>EndNoteX6 m enu,selectGenerateFigureListtorenumbertheremainingin-text f igureand tablecitationsandupdatetheformattedfiguresandtables. Word 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography. Todeleteafigureortablelist: Toremoveasinglefigureortablefromthelist,deletethecorresponding in-textfigurecitation.Then,useGenerateFigureListto generatean u pdatedlistattheendofthedocument.Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,inthe Bibliographygroup,select Update C itationsandBibliography. Ifyouwanttocompletely removethefigureortablelist,firstdelete a llin-textfigurecitationsandupdatethelistwithGenerateFigure L istorUpdateCitations a ndBibliography.Then,tocompletelyremoveanymention ofafigureortablelist,highlighttheListof FiguresmarkerorList o fTablesmarkerandpressDelete. Note:Donotdelete t hefigure(picture)itselffromthedocument.Removethein-textfigure c itationandthenGenerateFigure ListorUpdateCitations a ndBibliography.Ifyoudonotremovethein-textcitation, r egeneratingthefigurelistwillusethein-text citationtodisplay t hepictureagain! Related Topics: Figure a ndTablePreferences Finding a ndInsertingFiguresandTables Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables Moving F iguresandTables Notes A boutFormattingFiguresandTables Placing F iguresandTables Updating F iguresandTables

Figure and Table Preferences

Setting Cite While You Write Preferences

Setting Cite While You Write Preferences (Microsoft Word)
YoucanaccessandsetCiteWhileYouWritepreferences fromeither E ndNoteorWord.Thesamedialogappears,andchanges aresavedinthe s ameplace: l FromEndNotesToolsmenu,gototheCiteWhile Y ouWritesubmenuandselectCWYWPreferences. l Word 2003:FromWordsToolsmenu,gototheEndNotesubmenuand s electCWYWPreferences. l Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,selectPreferences. CiteWhileYouWritepreferencesincludegeneral p references ,theabilitytoassignkeyboard s hortcutstomenucommands,and theabilitytocontrolplacement o ffigures. ForinformationaboutotherEndNotepreferencesthatdirectlyaffect C iteWhileYouWrite,seeRelated E ndNotePreferences.

Making Changes to the EndNote Library

Finding Cited References in a Library (Microsoft Word)
Youcanquicklyjumpfromabibliographicin-textcitation(notafigure c itation)tothecorrespondingEndNotereference. TofindanEndNotereference: 1. MakesurebothyourWorddocumentandyourEndNote l ibraryareopen. 2. Highlightthecitation(s) i nyourWorddocument. 3. Word 2003:FromtheToolsmenuinWord, gotothe EndNoteX6submenuand s electEditLibraryReference(s). W ord 2007 and 2010: OntheEndNotetab,intheCitationsgroup,selectEdit L ibrary. EndNoteopensthecorrespondingreferenceforediting.

Editing a Reference in the Library (Microsoft Word)

YoumayinsertacitationinaWorddocument,andthenlatereditthe c orrespondingreferenceinEndNote.Arethosechanges reflectedinyour W orddocument? Yourcitationsandbibliographywillreflecttheeditsthenexttime y oureformatthepaperwiththeEndNotelibraryopen.Openyour document, openyourEndNotelibrary,andselectFormatBibliographyfromtheEndNote X6submenuontheTools m enuinWord. Word 2007: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectUpdate C itationsandBibliography. EndNotewillnotbeabletomaketheupdateifthelibraryisnotopen d uringformatting.Instead,itwilltaketheoriginalreference information f romWordsTravelingLibrary. Note:Theauthors l astnameandthepublicationyeararebothusedtoidentifyareference, s ochangestotheseitemsinanEndNotereferencearenotreflectedin t hein-textcitation.CiteWhileYouWritewillnolongeridentifyamatch b etweenthecitation andthereference,andwillusereferenceinformation f romWords fieldcodes(thetravelinglibrary). IfyoumakechangestoafigureinanEndNotereference,youmustmanually replacethefigureinyourWorddocument.

Deleting a Reference from the Library

Thefirsttimeacitationisformatted,EndNoteusesinformationfrom t heunformattedcitationtolookintheopenlibraryandfind thecorresponding r eference.Ifyoulaterreformat,EndNoteagainlooksinthelibraryfor t hatreference.Ifthereferencehasbeen deletedfromthelibrary,EndNote t akesthereferenceinformationfromhiddenfield c odesinWord(theTravelingLibrary). So,ifyoudeletedacitedreferencefromthelibrary,therequired i nformationisstillavailableinthehiddenfieldcodessurrounding each f ormattedcitationeventhoughthereferenceisnolongerinthelibrary. However,anunformattedcitationissimplyatemporaryplaceholder. I facitationisunformatted,andyouhavedeletedthecorrespondingreference f romtheEndNotelibrary,EndNotewillnotbeabletofindthereference i nformationforformatting. Ifyouaddthereferencetothelibraryagain,itwillbeassigneda d ifferentrecordnumber.Youwouldneedtore-insertthecitationin Word.

Record Numbers
EndNoteassignsauniquerecordnumbertoeachreferenceasitisadded t oyourlibrary.Theserecordnumbersappearintemporarycitationsto e nsurethatthecorrectreferenceisusedwhenthepaperisformatted: {Argus,1991#11} Therecordnumberforareferenceisalsovisibleinthetitlebarof t heReferencewindow.

Keepthefollowingpoints aboutrecordnumbersinmind: l EndNote a utomaticallyassignsarecordnumbersequentiallytoeachreference a sitisaddedtoalibrary. l If t hesamereferenceappearsintwodifferentlibraries,therecord n umberswillmostlikelybedifferent. l Record n umbersareneverreusedorreassignedwithinalibrary.Whenyou d eleteareference,thecorrespondingrecord numberisneverused a gaininthatlibrary. l You c annotmodifyorreassignrecordnumbers. l We r ecommendthatyounotrelyonEndNotesrecordnumbersasameans offilingornumberingyourofficereprints,because youhavenocontrol o verthisnumber.Instead,enteryourownuniquenumberintotheLabel f ield,oranyCustomfield,anduse thatnumberforyourreprints. Ifyouaddthereferencetothelibraryagain,itwillbeassigneda n ew,differentrecordnumber,soEndNotestillwillnotbeableto find itwhenformattingyourpaper.Youwillneedtoreinsertthecitation intothepaperusingthenewreferenceinyourlibrary. Related Topics: Editing a ReferenceintheLibrary Inserting andFormattingFiguresandTables

Sharing Your Word Documents

Sharing Your Word Documents
Youcandirectlyshareyour W ord2003,2007,orWord2010fileswithcolleagues.Eachformatted c itationissurroundedbyfield codeswhichcontainfullreferenceinformation ( alsoreferredtoastheTraveling L ibrary). Ifyouwanttoconvertyourdocumentforusewithapreviousversion o fWordoradifferentwordprocessor,youshouldUnformat Citationsbeforesavinginthedifferentfileformat.Then,youmay b eabletoreformat.ThecorrespondingEndNotelibrary(or libraries) m ustbeavailableinordertoformat. Tosendafinal,formatteddocumenttosomeone,youmaywanttoRemove F ieldCodestosavetheformattedcitationsandbibliographyastext. Ofcourse,ifyoujustwanttoprintacopyofthepaperforsomeone, y oudonotneedtodoanythingtoyourdocumentotherthan printit! Note:Cite W hileYouWritecodesaredirectlycompatiblebetween W ord2003and2007. Related Topics: Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrarytoanEndNoteLibrary Removing F ieldCodes Saving F ilesforOtherVersionsofWordandOtherWord Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher TheTraveling L ibrary Unformatting C itations Working o nDifferentComputers

The Traveling Library (Microsoft Word)

EachformattedcitationinyourWorddocumentissavedwithfield c odesthatembedreferencedatainthedocument.Thepaper contains a "TravelingLibrary"ofreferencescited. Thefirsttimeacitationisformatted,EndNotelooksintheopenlibrary a ndfindsthecorrespondingreference.Ifyoulaterreformat, EndNote a gainlooksintheopenlibraryforthatreference.However,ifthelibrary i snotavailableornotopen,EndNoteusesthe TravelingLibraryforreference i nformation. Becausereferencedataiskeptwitheachformattedcitation,youcan c ollaboratewithotherauthorsonapaperwithouteach authorhavingthe s ameEndNotelibrary. Thereferencedatasavedwitheachcitationincludesallfieldsexcept N otes,Abstract,andFigure. Note:Donotunformat y ourdocumentifyoudonothavetheoriginalreferencesinyourlibraries. U nlikeformattedcitations,unformattedcitationsrequirethatyouhave t hecorrespondingEndNotelibrariesopeninordertoformatreferences. Related Topics: Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrarytoanEndNoteLibrary Removing F ieldCodes Saving F ilesforOtherVersionsofWordandOtherWord Sharing Y ourWordDocuments Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher Unformatting C itations Working o nDifferentComputers

Exporting Words Traveling Library to an EndNote Library

Theremaybeoccasionswhereyouwanttocopyallofthereferences u sedinaMicrosoftWorddocumenttoanEndNotelibrary. Perhapsyoureceived onlytheformattedWorddocumentfromacolleague,andwouldliketocreate E ndNotereferencestouse later.Or,youmayhavealargeEndNotelibrary, b utwanttocreateasmallerEndNotelibrarywithonlythesubsetofreferences usedinyourpaper. Note:TheTraveling LibrarydoesnotcontainNotes,Abstracts,Figures,orCaptions. Toexportreferences fromaWorddocumenttoanEndNotelibrary: 1. OpenthedocumentinWord. 2. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectExportTraveling L ibrary. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,selectExport t oEndNoteand t henExport TravelingLibrary. 3. OntheExportTravelingLibrarydialog, s electeither: l AnexistingEndNotelibrary: Selectalibraryfromthedrop-downlistofavailablelibraries, orclickBrowsetolocatealibrary. l AnewEndNotelibrary: Youwillbepromptedtonameandsavethenewlibrary.

Note:Werecommend t hatyouexporttoanewEndNotelibrary,soyoucanreviewtherecords b eforeaddingthemtoanexisting library. ThereisanalternatewaytocopyreferencesfromyourWorddocument t oanEndNotelibrary.OpenbothyourWorddocument andtheEndNotelibrary. T hen,inEndNote,gototheToolsmenu,thentheCiteWhileYouWrite s ubmenu,andselectImportTravelingLibrary. Note:Whenyou u setheExport/ImportTravelingLibrarycommands,theexportedreferences a rerenumberedanddonotretain theiroriginalreferencenumbers. Related Topics: Removing F ieldCodes Saving F ilesforOtherVersionsofWordandOtherWord Sharing Y ourWordDocuments Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher TheTraveling L ibrary Unformatting C itations Working o nDifferentComputers

Converting Word 2007 and 2010 Citations to EndNote

Word2007and2010includesaReferencetab,whereyoucanuse c ommandstoinsertMicrosoftWordfootnoteorendnotecitations.These f ootnoteandendnotecitationsarenotuseddirectlybyEndNotesCite W hileYouWritefeature(althoughyoucan insertanEndNotecitationwithin a Wordfootnote).IfyouhavecitationsalreadyenteredintoWord,you c ancopythereference informationintoanEndNotelibraryandthenconvert t heWordcitationsintoEndNoteCiteWhileYouWritecitations. Note:TheWord c itationconversionfeaturesrequiresthatyourcomputerhavetheMicrosoft . NetFrameworkinstalled. ToexportWord2007and2010citationstoanEndNotelibrary: 1. OpentheWorddocumentthatcontainsthecitations. 2. OntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,select E xporttoEndNoteandthenExportWord2007Citations. ToexporttheWord2007and2010mastercitationlisttoanEndNote l ibrary: 1. OpentheWorddocumentthatcontainsthecitations. 2. OntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,select E xporttoEndNote,andthenExportWord2007MasterList. ToconvertWord2007and2010citationstoEndNotecitationswithin t hedocument: 1. OpentheWorddocumentthatcontainsthecitations. 2. OntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup, s electConvertCitationsandBibliography,andthenConvertWord2007 CitationstoEndNote.

Working on Different Computers (Microsoft Word)

Ifyouareworkingonasinglepaperandmovingbetweendifferentcomputers, i tisbesttokeepacopyofyourreferencelibrary withyourpaper.That w ayyouwillalways accessthesamelibrarywheninsertingcitations. I fyouseparatelyaddreferencestoa copyofthelibraryathomeand t oadifferentversionatwork,recordnumbersmaynotmatchupcorrectly a ndEndNotemayhave

torelyontheTravelingLibraryforreferenceinformation. Thatisnotnecessarilybad,butyouwanttomakesurethatanylibrary editsarereflectedinyourWorddocument. Ifyouareinsertingcitationsononlyonemachine,itisfinetomove t hedocumentitselftoothermachinesaslongasyouwillbe accessing t hedocumentwiththesameversionofWord. Note:If y ouarecollaboratingwithotherauthors,youwillwanttorelyonthe TravelingLibrary. Related Topics: Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrarytoanEndNoteLibrary Removing F ieldCodes Saving F ilesforOtherVersionsofWordandOtherWordProcessors Sharing Y ourWordDocuments Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher TheTraveling L ibrary Unformatting C itations

Saving Files for Other Versions of Word and Other Word Processors
FormattedcitationsareWord"fields"specifictotheversion o fWordthatcreatedthemandtheothercompatibleversions(Word 2003,2007,and2010).Ifyouopenyourdocumentwithadifferent v ersionofWord,orusetheSaveAscommandtosaveaformattedcopyof y ourpaperinanotherformat,youmaylosetheabilitytoformatcitations inthatdocument. Ifyouplantouseyourdocumentwithadifferentwordprocessor,a d ifferentversionofMicrosoftWord,oronaMacintosh machine,youshouldeitherUnformatCitationsorRemoveFieldCodes(Convert t oPlainTextin W ord2007and2010)fromthe Wordfilebeforeconverting t hedocumenttotheotherfileformat. l Unformatting Citations:Unformatted c itationsareregulartext;however,theyaretemporaryplaceholders t hatdonot reflectfinaloutput.SeeUnformatting C itations.Youmaybeabletounformatcitations,savethedocument a sanRTFfile, anduseFormat Papertoformatcitationsfromtheseplaceholders. l Removing Field Codes:Whenyouremovefieldcodes,yousaveacopy o fthedocumentandconvertformattedfieldsto regularformatted t ext.Graphicsarenolongerlinked,butaresavedasthoughyouhad u sedtheCopyandPastecommands.Thecopyreflectsfinal,formatted o utput,butyoucannotreformatlater.SeeRemoving F ieldCodes. Note:Cite W hileYouWritecodesaredirectlycompatiblebetween W ord2003,2007,and2010.Becausereferencedataiskept witheach f ormattedcitation,youcancollaboratewithotherauthorsonapaper w ithouteachauthorhavingthesameEndNote library. Forinformationaboutusing y ourWorddocumentwithOpenOffice.orgWriter,seeMovingDocuments b etweenWordandWriter. Related Topics: Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrarytoanEndNoteLibrary Removing F ieldCodes Sharing Y ourWordDocuments Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher TheTraveling L ibrary Unformatting C itations Working o nDifferentComputers

Submitting the Final Paper to a Publisher (Microsoft Word)

Manypublishersaskthatyousubmitanelectroniccopyofyourpaper i nadditiontoaprintedcopy.Becausethefieldcodesinyour document m aybeincompatiblewiththepublishingsoftware,youmaybeaskedto s ubmitacopyofyourpaperwithoutfield codes,asdescribedinRemoving F ieldCodes.

Removing Field Codes

YoumayneedtoremoveCiteWhileYouWritefield c odesinordertoshareyourdocumentwithapublisherorcolleague. l Ifyourcolleagueisusingthesameversion o fWordthatyouare,youcanshareyourformatteddocumentasis; t hedocumentincludesaTraveling L ibrary,whichincludesallrequiredinformationfortheformatted c itationsandbibliography. l Ifyourcolleagueisusingadifferentword p rocessororanincompatibleversionofWord,youcouldremovefield c odesto shareyourfinaldocument.However,removingfieldcodes s avestheformattedcitationsandbibliographyastext,anddoes not a llowreformatting. l RemovingfieldcodesmeansdeletingWordsCite W hileYouWritefieldcodesandsavingtheformattedcitationsand bibliographyastext.ThisremovesonlyCiteWhileYouWritefield c odes,andnotallotherWordfieldcodes. l Whenfieldcodesareremoved,in-textfigure c itationsarenolongerlinkedtoanEndNotereferenceortothefigure l ist.In- textfigurecitationsbecomeplaintext. Picturesinthe f igurelistbecomeGIFfilesasthoughthey w erecopiedandpasted intothedocument. l BecauseEndNoteandCiteWhileYouWritecannot r eformatorunformatyourpaperoncefieldcodesareremoved,the RemoveFieldCodescommand(ConverttoPlainTextinWord2007)makes a copyofyourdocumentwithoutcodes. Note:Ifyouare w orkingwithmasterandsubdocumentsinWord,theRemoveFieldCodesor C onverttoPlain T extcommand warnsthatitwillstripcodesfromtheoriginal d ocuments.Youshouldfirstmanuallysavecopiesofthemasterandsubdocuments, a ndthenremovecodesfromthecopies. Toremovefieldcodesandsavetheformattedcitationsandbibliography a stext: 1. OpenyourformattedWorddocument. IfyouareworkingwithMasterandSubdocuments,workwithcopies of y ourdocuments. 2. Word 2003: F romtheToolsmenu,gototheEndNoteX6submenuandselectRemoveField C odes. Word 2007: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,selectConvert C itationsandBibliographyand t henConvert t o PlainText. A copyofthedocument,withoutfieldcodes,appears inanewdocumentwindow. 3. Word 2003: F romtheFilemenu,selectSavetosavedocument. Word 2007: C licktheOfficeiconandthenSave. 4. Single document: I nWordsSaveAsdialog,typeanewnameforthiscopyofyourdocument andclickOK. Master and Subdocuments:Youmaybeadvisedtosaveacopyofthe m asterandeachsubdocument. Wordsavesyourdocumentwithoutembeddedformattingcodes,soyoucan s ubmityourpapertoapublisherorshareyourfinal paperwithacolleague u singadifferentwordprocessor(includingadifferentversionofWord).

Note:Thecopy doesnotcontainCiteWhileYouWritefieldcodes,soyoucannotreformat w ithCiteWhileYouWrite.Toreformat,startwiththeoriginaldocument, w hichretainsfieldcodes. IfyoufindthatremovingEndNotefieldcodes producesundesiredlayout o rotherformattingchangestoyourdocument,youcan removeallMicrosoft W ordfieldcodes,whichmayyieldbetterresults. ToremoveallMicrosoftWordfieldcodes: 1. Firstsaveabackupcopyofyourdocument,because t hiswillirretrievablyremovethelinksbetweenyourdocumentand yourEndNotelibrariesaswellasallotherWordfieldcodes. 2. Selectalltextinthedocumentbypressing C trl+A. 3. PressCtrl + 6toremoveallMicrosoftWordfieldcodesfromthedocument(not j ustCiteWhileYouWritecodes!)andleave thetext,citations,and b ibliographyastheyappear. Related Topics: Exporting W ord'sTravelingLibrarytoanEndNoteLibrary Saving F ilesforOtherVersionsofWordandOtherWord Sharing Y ourWordDocuments Showing W ordProcessorCodes Submitting t heFinalPapertoaPublisher TheTraveling L ibrary Unformatting C itations Working o nDifferentComputers

OpenOffice.org Writer/Cite While You Write

Overview of the Cite While You Write Process (OpenOffice.org Writer)
UseCiteWhileYouWrite(CWYW)withOpenOffice.orgversion 3Writertoeasilyandquicklycitereferencesandcreatea paperwith p roperlyformattedcitationsandabibliography.Cite W hileYouWritegivesyouaccesstoEndNotereferencesandformatting c ommandswithanEndNotemenuinOpenOffice.orgWriter. Youcanstartbyinserting a citationintothedocument.Then,youcanformatthecitationand abibliographyaccordingtoanyone ofthousandsofstyles.

Word Processor Compatibility (OpenOffice.org Writer)

YoucanCiteWhileYou W ritewithOpenOffice.orgversion3Writer.OpenOffice.orgWriter displaysCiteWhileYouWritecommandsonanEndNotemenu. IfyouuseMicrosoftWordasyourwordprocessor,seeHow t oCiteWhileYouWritewithMicrosoftWord. IfyouuseawordprocessorotherthanMicrosoftWordorOpenOffice.org W riter,oranolderversionofthesewordprocessors, saveyourdocument a sanRTFfileanduseFormat P aper. Tocreateastand-alonebibliographythatisnotbasedonthecitations i napaper,seeIndependent Bibliographies. Note:Onlyone w ordprocessoratatimeshouldbeopenwheninsertingcitationsandformatting documents.

How to Cite While You Write (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Thebasicstepsrequiredtociteareferenceandgenerateabibliography w ithOpenOffice.orgversion3Writeraresummarized below. ToCiteWhileYouWrite: 1. OpentheEndNotelibraryorlibrariesthatcontain t hereferencesyouwishtocite. 2. StartOpenOffice.orgWriterandopenthepaper y ouarewriting. 3. Whenyouarereadytociteasource,positionthe c ursorinthetextwhereyouwouldliketoputthecitation. 4. InOpenOffice.orgWriter,gototheEndNotemenu a ndselectFindCitation(s).AnEndNoteFindCitationsdialogappears, whichshowstheprevious s earchresults. Note: I fthisisthefirsttimeyouhaveusedtheFindCitationsdialog,it maybecompletelyblankbecausetherearenoprevioussearchresultsto d isplay. 5. IntheFindbox,enteridentifyingtextforEndNote t olocatetheappropriatereference.Thiscouldbeanauthorslast name, ayear,akeyword,oranyothercombinationoftermsfoundin t hereference. 6. ClickSearchandEndNotecomparestheidentifying t exttoyourEndNotereferencesandthenliststhematchingreference(s). 7. Identify,highlight,andInserttheappropriate r eference(s). 8. Gobacktostep3toinsertthenextcitation, a ndcontinuecitingreferencesthisway.

Note: E achtimeyouinsertacitationitisinstantlyformatted,andabibliography i supdatedattheendofyourdocument. Whenyouaredoneinsertingcitations, y ourdocumentisdone! 9. Ifyourcitationsarenotautomaticallyformatted, a ndabibliographyisnotupdatedeachtimeyouinsertacitation, g otothe EndNotemenuandselectFormatBibliography. AFormatBibliographydialogappears,whereyoucanchange,orsimply v erify,thestyleandlayoutofthebibliography. (YoucanFormat B ibliographyatanytimeinordertochangethestyleorlayoutof y ourcitationsandbibliography.) Note: T hedialogliststhestylesthatarecurrentlyselectedasyour"favorites" i ntheStyleManager.Ifyouneedtochoose astylethatisnotinthe l ist,clickBrowsetolocateit. 10. ClickOK.EndNotescansyourpaperand,usingthe s electedstyle,formatsanytemporarycitations,reformatsformatted citations,andappendsabibliographytotheendofyourpaper. Yourpaperisreadyforpublication!

Notes about OpenOffice.org Writer

Installing Cite While You Write Support (OpenOffice.org Writer)
EndNotesinstallationprograminstallsCiteWhileYouWritesupport f orOpenOffice.orgversion3Writer.IfyouinstalledtheOpenOfficesuite a fterinstallingEndNote,youmusteitherreinstallEndNoteorRepair o rModifyyourinstallation.Formoreinformation,seeNo E ndNotecommandsinWordorWriter. EndNotecommandsappearonanEndNoteX6menuinOpenOffice.orgWriter.

Cite While You Write Commands (OpenOffice.org Writer)

WhenCiteWhileYouWriteisinstalled,severalEndNotecommandsappear o nanEndNotemenuinOpenOffice.orgWriter. WhenyouselectanEndNotecommandfromthemenu,theEndNoteprogram s tarts(ifnotalreadyrunning). ThesearebriefdescriptionsoftheCiteWhileYouWritecommandsfound o ntheEndNotemenuinOpenOffice.orgWriter: l Find Citation(s) S earchforEndNotereferencestoselectandinsertascitations i nyourOpenOffice.orgdocument.See Finding a ndInsertingCitations. l Go To EndNoteBring E ndNotetothefrontofyourscreen.ThiscommandlaunchesEndNote i fitisnotalreadyrunning. l Format BibliographyFormat ( orreformat)yourpaperaccordingtotherulesoftheselectedstyle. T heformattingprocess replacesthetemporarycitationsinyourpaper w ithformattedcitations,andbuildsabibliographyattheendof t hedocument.SeeFormatting t heBibliography. l Insert Selected Citations Insert a citationforeachreferencecurrentlyselectedintheopenEndNote l ibrary.Youcan insertanynumberofconsecutivein-textcitations; h owever,attemptingtoinserthundredsofEndNotereferencesatone timemaycauseasystemslowdownorfreezing.SeeInserting SelectedCitations. l Edit CitationsEdit existingindividualormultiplecitations.Youcanomitauthorand/or y earfromcitations,oraddprefixor suffixtext(suchaspagenumbers) t ocitations.SeeEditingCitations. l Unformat Citation(s) Unformat a selectedcitationbeforeeditingit,orunformatthewholedocument. T hisremovesstyle

formattingfortheselectedcitations,andleaves t emporarycitationswhichusuallyconsistoftheauthorslastname, t he year,andtherecordnumbersurroundedbydelimiters.SeeUnformatting C itations. l Cite While You Write Preferences ChangegeneralCiteWhileYou W ritepreferences.SeeSetting C iteWhileYouWrite Preferences. l HelpDisplay h elpaboutCiteWhileYouWritefeatures. YoucanalsousethecorrespondingEndNote X 6toolbarinOpenOffice.orgWriterforeasyaccess.Holdyourmousepointer over anicontoviewatooltip. Note: S everalCiteWhileYouWritecommandsalsoappearontheToolsmenuin E ndNote.Tousethesecommandsfromwithin EndNote,youmustuseatleast oneCiteWhileYouWritecommandfromwithinOpenOffice.orgWriterduring t hecurrentsession.

Citing Sources as You Write

Forms of Citations (OpenOffice)
A"citation"isthebrief bibliographic i nformationinthebodyofapaperthatrefersthereadertoacomplete r eferenceinthebibliography.Acitationtypicallyconsistsofabibliography n umberortheauthorandyearinparentheses: ...ofthespeciesathand1. ...ofthespeciesathand(Argus,1991). Citationscanappearaseitherunformatted o rformattedinyourOpenOffice.orgWriterdocument.

Unformatted (Temporary) Citations

Anunformattedcitationisatemporaryplaceholder,anddoesnotreflect f inaloutput.ItwillappearwhenyouUnformatCitation(s) ormanuallyenterunformattedcitations.Itcontainsinformationtofind a unique,correspondingEndNotereferenceinthecurrently openlibrary. Anunformattedcitationtypicallyconsistsofthefirstauthorslast name,year,andtheEndNoterecordnumber,withcitationdelimitersat e achendtoidentifythetext: {Author,Year#RecordNumber}. Forexample: {Alvarez,1994 # 8} Theunformattedcitationmakesiteasytoidentifytherecordcited. E venifyourfinalgoalisnumericcitations,youcanseemeaningfulinformation w hileyouareworkingonyourdocument. EndNotereliesonthesetemporarycitationstodeterminewhichreferences t oincludeinthebibliography.

Formatted Citations
TheFormatBibliographycommandusesanoutputstyletoconvertall u nformattedcitationsintoformattedcitations,andreflects finaloutput. FormattedcitationsincludehiddeninformationincaseyouwanttoFormat B ibliographyagainlater,eitherafteraddingmorecitationsorbecause y ouwanttoformatinadifferentstyle.

CitationsformattedinanAuthor-Datestylemightlooklikethis: (Alvarez1994; ThisisthesamecitationformattedintheNumberedstyle: [1,2] Youcaneasilyrevertfromformattedcitationstounformattedcitations a tanytime.SeeUnformattingCitations.

Finding and Inserting Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

YoucansearchforEndNotereferencesandinsertthemwithouteverleaving OpenOffice.orgWriter. ThisistheeasiestwaytofindandinsertacitationintoanOpenOffice.org W riterdocument: 1. OpentheEndNotelibrariesthatcontainthereferences y ouwishtocite. 2. OpentheOpenOffice.orgWriterdocumentandposition t hecursoratthelocationwhereyouwouldlikethecitation. 3. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectFindCitation(s)todisplaytheEndNoteFindCitations d ialog. 4. Inthe"Find"textbox,entertextto i dentifythereferenceyouwishtocite.EndNoteassumesan"and" b etweeneachword, andwillsearchallfieldsinyourrecords. 5. ClickSearch,andEndNotecomparesthetextto t extinyourEndNotereferencesandliststhematchingreference(s). 6. Identify,highlight,andInserttheappropriate r eference(s).Ifnoreferencesmatchyourtext,youneedtomodifyyoursearch text andclickSearchagain. Citationsareinserteddirectlyintoyourpaperinthesamefontas t hesurroundingtext.Onceacitationisinserted,itcontainsreference i nformationinhiddencodes. Youcaninsertcitationsinanexistingmanuscript orasyouwrite. R emembertosaveyourdocumentasyouwork. Toformatyourcitationsandgenerateabibliography,seeFormatting t heBibliography.

Inserting Selected Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

ToinsertreferencesselectedinEndNote: 1. OpentheOpenOffice.orgWriterdocumentandposition t hecursoratthelocationwhereyouwouldlikethecitation. 2. GototheEndNoteX6menuandselectGotoEndNote. 3. Highlightthedesiredreference(s) i nyourEndNotelibrary. 4. SwitchbacktotheOpenOffice.orgWriterdocument. 5. FromtheEndNotemenu,selectInsertSelectedCitation(s).

Finding and Inserting from Highlighted Text (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Tofindandinsertacitationfromhighlightedtext:

1. Asyouaretyping,entertexttoidentifythereference y ouwishtocite,andhighlightthattext. 2. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectFindCitation(s)todisplaytheEndNoteFindCitations d ialog. EndNoteinsertsyourhighlightedtextintotheFindbox.UsetheFind C itation(s)dialogasdescribedinFindingandInsertingCitations.

Using Drag-and-Drop or Copy and Paste (OpenOffice.org Writer)

YoucandragselectedcitationsfromyourEndNotelibraryanddropthem i ntoyourpaperatthedesiredlocationforthecitation. YoucanalsocopycitationsfromtheEndNoteLibrarywindowandpaste t hemintothedocument(usingCopyfromEndNotesEdit menuandthenPaste f romtheOpenOffice.orgclipboard).

Inserting Multiple Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Thereareseveralwaystoinsertmultiplereferencesinonein-text c itation.Whenformatted,theyappearasonemultiplecitation, sorted a syourbibliographicstylerequires: Unformatted:{Hall, 1 988#77;Baker,1988#16} Formatted:(Baker, 1 988;Hall,1988) Youcaninsertanynumberofconsecutivein-textcitations;however, a ttemptingtoinserthundredsofEndNotereferencesatone timemaycause asystemslowdownorfreezing. Note:Ifoneof t hecitationsinamultiplecitationisnotmatchedduringformatting, t heentirecitationremainsunformatted. ToinsertmultiplecitationsfromwithinOpenOffice.orgWriter: 1. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectFindCitation(s). 2. Enteragenericsearchtermthatwillfindthe r eferencesyouwant,andclickSearch. 3. HolddowntheCtrlkeywhileclickingonthedesired r eferencesinthelist(orholddowntheShiftkeytoselectacontinuous rangeofreferences)inordertohighlightthereferences. 4. ClickInsert. ToinsertmultipleselectedcitationsfromEndNote: 1. InEndNote,holddowntheCtrlkeywhileclicking onthedesiredreferencesinyourlibrary(orholddowntheShift k eyto selectacontinuousrangeofreferences). 2. SwitchbacktotheOpenOffice.orgWriterdocument. 3. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectInsertSelected C itation(s). Toinsertmultiplecitationsindividually: Anotheroptionistoinsertcitationsindividually,butimmediately n exttoeachother.CiteWhileYouWritemerges adjacentcitationsduring f ormatting.Citationsdonotmergeifany c haracterseparatesthemincludingaspaceorpunctuationmark. Unformatted:{Hall,1988 # 77}{Baker,1988#16} Merged when Formatted: ( Baker,1988;Hall,1988)

Note:Youcanadd c itationstoanexistingin-textcitation,orchangetheorderofcitations w ithinthedelimiterswiththeEditCitationsdialog. Toinsert,remove,oreditcitationswithinanexistingin-textcitation: 1. Click o ntheformattedcitation. 2. InOpenOffice.org W riter,gototheEndNoteX6menuandthenEditCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteEditCitationdialog. Allofthecitedreferencesinthedocumentarelistedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitation appearswithin t ext.Thelinebelowshowsthecitedreference(s) 3. Highlight acitation,andthen: a. ClickRemovetodeleteit. b. ClickInserttoinsertanother c itationwithinthesamesetofdelimiters. c. Usethearrowbuttonstochange t heorderofthecitationinamultiplecitation.(IfaCitationSort O rderisappliedbythecurrentoutputstyle,changingtheorderof c itationsinamultiplecitationhasnoeffect.) YoucanusetheotherfeaturesonthisdialogasdescribedinCustomizing I ndividualCitations.

Inserting From Multiple Libraries (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Youcancitereferencesfrommultiplelibraries.Simply opentheselected l ibrariesbeforeyoubegininsertingcitations. Ifpossible,though,werecommendthatyouuseasinglelibrarywhen w ritingapaper.Keepingallofyourreferencesinonelibrary simplifies t hewritingprocessbecauseyouknowexactlywheretofindeachreference, t hereislittlelikelihoodofduplicatereferences,andyouonlyneed t ohaveonelibraryopenwheninsertingcitations. Note:Ifyouplan t oinsertcitationsfrommorethanonelibraryintoapaper,readabout t heMergeDuplicatesinBibliography p reference.

Customizing Individual Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Theremaybecaseswhereyouwantindividualcitationstodifferfrom t hestandardformat.Youmaywanttoremovetheyearor authorfroma c itationifeitherwasmentionedinthecontextofthesentence.Or,you m ightwanttoaddapagereferenceorcommentbeforeorafterthecitation. Forexample,assumeaformattedcitationlookslikethis: Halls discovery(Hall,1988) Youcanomittheauthorsnamefromthe c itation: Halls discovery(1988) Youcanomitthedatefromthecitation: the 1 988discovery(Hall) Youcanaddasuffixwithpagenumberto t hecitation: the d iscovery(Hall,1988p.4)

Youcanaddaprefixtothecitation: the d iscovery(seeHall,1988) Tocustomizeaformattedcitation: 1. Insertandformatthe c itation. 2. Clickontheformatted c itation. 3. FromtheEndNote m enu,selectEditCitation(s)to displaytheEndNoteEditCitationdialog.Allofthecitedreferencesinthe documentarelistedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitationappearswithin t ext.Thelinebelow showsthecitedreference(s). 4. Highlight t hecitationyouwanttocustomize. 5. Customize a sneeded: Exclude Author:Selectthistoomittheauthorname f romtheformattedcitation. Exclude Year:Selectthistoomitthedatefromthe f ormattedcitation. Prefix:Entertextheretoprintimmediatelybefore t hecitationtext(spacesaresignificant). Suffix:Entertextheretoprintafterthecitation t ext(spacesaresignificant).Youcanenterpagenumbershereif y oualways wantthemtoprintafterthecitation. Pages: Pagenumbersenteredhereareconsideredentered i ntoa"CitedPages"field,sotheycanbemanipulatedon output justlikeanyotherEndNotefield.Inordertoprint,theCited P agesfieldmustbelistedinthecitationtemplateand/orfootnote templateofyouroutputstyle.Thisistypicallyusedtoprintthe p agenumberswithinafullfootnotecitation.MostEndNote styles t hatrequireaspecialformatforcitationsinfootnotesarealready c onfiguredthisway.YoucanmodifytheCitationTemplateinyour o utputstyletoincludeCitedPages. 6. Click O Ktoimplementthechange(s)tothe c itation.

Inserting Citations into a Formatted Paper (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Ifyouneedtoaddoneormorecitationstoapaperthathasalready b eenformatted,simplyinsertthenewcitationsintothetext (asdescribed e arlierinthischapter)andselectFormatBibliographywhenyouareready t oupdatethebibliographyandcitations. Toaddanewreferencetoanexistingcitation,insertthenewreference n extto(notwithin)theexistingcitation,likethis: (HockneyandEllis, 1 996){Argus,1984#1} Adjacentcitationsaremergedduringformatting,andtheformattedcitations a resortedaccordingtothestyle: (Argus,1984;Hockney a ndEllis,1996) Note:Donotinsert a citationintothemiddleofaformattedcitation.Insertitimmediately b eforeoraftertheexistingcitation,with nospacebetweenthem.

Citing References in Footnotes and Endnotes (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Onceyouhavecreatedafootnoteorendnote i nOpenOffice.orgWriter,youcancitereferencesinthatfootnoteorendnotejustlike youcitetheminthebodyofthedocument. Tociteareferenceinafootnoteorendnote: 1. UsetheappropriatecommandinOpenOffice.orgWriter t ocreatethefootnoteorendnote.(EndNote d oesnotcreatethe footnoteorendnoteinthedocument,butisusedtoinsertandformatcitationsinthenote.) 2. Positionthecursorinthefootnoteorendnotewhereyouwouldlikethecitation(s)toappear. 3. Insertthecitationasyounormallywould. TheEndNotestylethatisselectedwhenyouchooseFormatBibliographydetermineshowcitationsinfootnotesandendnotesare formatted.EndNotecanformatthesecitationsasbriefin-textcitationsorlikecompletereferencesinthebibliography.Itcanalso createaspecialformatspecifictofootnotesorendnotes,includingoptionslike"Ibid."andothervariationsofshortenedreferenceswhenacitationappearsmorethanonceinthefootnotesorendnotes.SeeBibliographyandFootnoteTemplates. Ifyouarecitingfullreferencesinfootnotes,youcanincludespecific p agenumberstobeformattedlikearegularEndNotefield. SeeCustomizing I ndividualCitations.Or,ifyouaremanuallytypingcitations,see C itingSpecificPage N umbersinFootnotes.

Typing Citations into Your Paper

Typing Citations into Your Paper (OpenOffice.org Writer)
Manuallyenteringcitationsisthesamewhetheryou a reusingCiteWhileYouWritewithOpenOffice.orgWriter,orCiteWhile You WritewithMicrosoftWord,orFormatPaperwithanRTFfile.Seethese t opics: l Notes A boutTemporaryCitations l Components o faTemporaryCitation l Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations l Citation P refixes l Citation S uffixes l Including Semicolons&OtherCitationDelimitersinaCitation l Examples o fModifiedCitations

Changing Existing Citations

Editing Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)
Onceyouhaveinsertedandformattedacitation,youshouldnotedit i tdirectly(althoughyoucandoso,ifyoufeelyoumust). Directedits a relostthenexttimeEndNoteformatsthebibliography. YoucanalmostalwaysgetEndNotetoformatyourcitationsexactlyto y ourspecificationsbyeditingthestyle,theEndNotereference,orthe c itation(asdescribedhere). Note:Aneasyway t oomittheAuthororDatefromanindividualcitationistoselectthe c itation,right-clickwithyourmouse, selectEditCitation(s) a ndthenExcludeAuthororExcludeYear. Tosafelyeditaformattedcitation:

1. Clickonthecitation y ouwishtochange. 2. FromtheEndNotemenu, s electEditCitation(s)todisplay t heEndNoteEditCitationdialog.Allofthecitedreferencesinthe documentarelistedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitationappearswithin t ext.Thelinebelow showsthecitedreferences. 3. Selecttheappropriate c itationfromthelistattheleftofthedialog(youcanscrollthrough a llcitationsinthedocument)and makeanyofthefollowingchanges t othehighlightedcitation: Exclude Author :Selectthistoomittheauthorname f romtheformattedcitation. Exclude Year:Selectthistoomitthedatefromthe f ormattedcitation. Prefix:Entertextheretoprintimmediately before t hecitationtext(spacesaresignificant). Suffix:Entertextheretoprintafterthecitation t ext(spacesaresignificant). Pages: EnterpagenumbersheretoprintasCitedPages. T oprint,theCitedPagesfieldmustbelistedinthecitationtemplate o rfootnotetemplateoftheoutputstyle. 4. You c anaddorremovecitationsfromamultiplecitation,orchangethe o rderofcitations. Insert:Usethistoaddanothercitationwithinthe s amesetofdelimiters. Remove:HighlightacitationandclickRemovetodelete i tfromthein-textcitation. Up and Down Arrows:Highlightareferenceandusethe a rrowstochangetheorderofdisplay.(IfaCitationSort O rderis appliedbythecurrentoutputstyle,usingthisdialogto c hangetheorderofcitationsinamultiplecitationhasnoeffect.) 5. Click O Ktoimplementyourchange(s). Aftermakingchanges,selectFormatBibliographyto(re)formatthenew o rmodifiedcitationsandregeneratethebibliography.

Unformatting Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Unformattingrevertsformattedcitationstotemporarycitationsand r emovesthebibliography. Ifyourcitationsareformattedinanumberedstyle,youcanunformat y ourpapertoeasily identifycitationsasyouwork.Youcan Format B ibliographyagainlater. Note:Youmust havethecorrespondingEndNotelibraryopeninordertoformatthepaper a gain. Tounformatcitations: 1. Determinewhichcitationsyouwantto u nformat: l Tounformataparticularcitation,highlight onlythatcitation. l Ifthecitationyouwanttounformatispart o famultiplecitation,highlightthemultiplecitation.Allcitations w ithinthedelimiterswillbeunformatted. l Tounformatasectionofthedocument,highlight t hatsection. l Tounformattheentiredocument,eitherselect n othingorhighlighttheentiredocument.

2. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectUnformat C itation(s).Ifyouareunformattingtheentiredocument,thisunformatsallof thein-textcitationsandremovesthecurrentbibliography. Youcantellwhenapaperisunformattedbecausethecitationsappear inthetemporarycitationformat(suchas"{Smith,1999 #25}"). Unformattedcitationsaretemporaryplaceholdersthatdonotreflect f inaloutput.Youcanformatthepaperagainatanytime. Note:Toformat y ourpaperagain,gotheEndNoteX6menuandselectFormatBibliography.

Moving or Copying Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Youcanhighlightanytextthatincludescitations,thenusetheClipboard c ommandstoCutorCopyandthenPasteitelsewhere inthedocument.You c andothiswithformattedortemporary(unformatted)citations. Tomoveorcopyonlythecitationitself,makesureyouhighlightthe entirecitation(includinganysurroundingdelimiters)aswell asanextra c haracterbeforeandafterthecitation.Includingthecharactersbefore andafterthecitationensuresthatyouinclude thehiddenbookmarkassociated w iththecitation.(Ifthehiddenbookmarkisnotpartoftheselection, y ouwillcopyplaintext,and notanEndNotecitation.)ThenCutorCopy a ndPasteitelsewhereinthedocument.

Deleting Citations (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Todeleteanunformattedcitation,simply highlighttheentirecitation ( includingdelimiters),andpresstheBackspaceorDelete key. Whileitispossibletohighlightaformattedcitationandsimply press t heDeletekeyonyourkeyboard,wedonotrecommendyou dothat.Ifyou d onotcompletelydeletethecitationanditsassociatedbookmark,you c ouldcorruptyourdocument. Tosafelydeleteaformattedcitation: 1. InOpenOffice.orgWriter,highlightthecitation y ouwanttodelete. 2. FromtheEndNoteX6menu,selectEditCitation(s) t odisplaytheEndNoteEditCitationdialog. Note:Allofthecitedreferencesinthedocumentarelistedintheleft c olumnofthedialog.Anellipsesshowswhereacitation appearswithin t ext.Thelinebelowshowsthecitedreference(s).Thecitationyouhighlighted inthedocumentshouldbehighlightedinthelist. 3. Intheleftcolumn,makesurethehighlightedcitation istheoneyouwanttodelete. Ifthecitationispartofamultiplecitation, makesureyouselect justthecitationyouwanttodelete. 4. ClickRemove. 5. ClickOK.

Generating Bibliographies
Generating Bibliographies (OpenOffice.org Writer)
Formattingabibliographyservestwofunctions:

l Itformatseachin-textcitationaccordingto t heselectedbibliographicstyle. l Itaddsacompletebibliographytothedocument ( unlessyouoverridethiswithasettingintheoutputstyle). Theformatusedforcitationsandreferencesisdeterminedbytheoutput s tyleselected. Whenyouhavefinishedwritingyourpaper,andallofyourEndNotecitations h avebeeninsertedintothetext,youarereadyfor EndNotetoformat t hepaperandgenerateabibliography.Thiscanbedoneinoneofthese w ays: l InstantFormattingactuallyworksasyouinsert c itations,andisenabledwhenyoufirststartusingCiteWhileYou W rite. EndNoteusesthecurrentlyselectedstyletoformatcitations a ndupdatethebibliographyeachtimeacitationisinserted. However, i fyouwanttochangethestyleorlayoutofreferences,youcanuse t heFormatBibliographycommand. l FormatBibliographyallowsyoutomodify bibliography p references suchasstyleandlayoutbeforeformattingyourdocument. FromtheEndNotemenu,selectFormatBibliography. Thesearethebasicformattinginstructions: 1. InOpenOffice.orgWriter,gototheEndNoteX6 m enuandselectFormatBibliography. 2. OntheFormatBibliographytab,usethe"With outputstyle"optiontoselectanoutputstyletoformatreferences. I tisokay toexperimentwithdifferentstylesbecauseyoucansimply r eformatagain. 3. ClickOKtoformatallcitationsandbuildthe b ibliography.

Formatting the Bibliography and/or Changing Bibliography Settings (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Youmaybehalfwaythroughinsertingcitations,oryoumayhavefinished w ritingyourpaper.Aslongasyouhavecitations enteredinyourdocument, y oucanformatyourpaperatanytime.Youcanreformatafteraddingmore c itationsortochangethe styleorlayoutsettings. Note:Eachtime a citationisformatted,thecorrespondingEndNotelibrarymustbeopen. Toformatcitationsandgenerateabibliography: 1. InOpenOffice.org W riter,gototheEndNoteX6menuandselectFormatBibliography. 2. Onthe F ormatBibliographytab,changeorverifythesesettings With output style:Selecttheappropriateoutputstyle t oformatreferences.Youcanexperimentbyreformattingwithvarious outputstyles.Toaddmoreoutputstylestothelist,seeAdding StylestotheOutputStylesList. Temporary citation delimiters:Thesearetheopening a ndclosingdelimitersfortemporarycitations.Makesuretheyare uniquedelimiters,andnotcharactersyouwouldnormallyuseinyour p aper.Thedefaultsarecurlybraces. Link in-text citation to reference in the bibliography:Select t hischeckboxtoviewin-textcitationsinaWorddocument.Clear t heselectiontoremovelinkedin-textcitationsinthebibliography o fyourpaperinWord. Underline linked in-text citations:Selectthisoptiontoadd u nderlinestoin-textcitations.Clearthecheckboxtoremove underlines f romin-textcitationsinyourpaper.Thisoptionisonlyavailable i fthe"Linkedin-textcitationtoreferenceinthe

bibliography i sturnedon. 3. Onthe Layouttab,changeorverifythesesettings: Font and Size:Thesearethetextfontandsize usedforthebibliography. Bibliography title:Toprintatitleatthetopofyour bibliography,typethetitleinthistextbox. Text Format:Highlightthebibliographytitle textandthenusetheTextFormatbuttontodisplayadialogwhere youcan changetheformatofthehighlightedtext. Start with bibliography number:Enterastartingreference numberifyouwanttonumberyourbibliography. 4. 5. Click OKtosavechangesandformatyourcitationsandbibliography. Note: Youdo n othavetoverify eachtabeverytimeyouformat.Ifallyouwantto d oischangetheoutputstyle,selectFormat Bibliography,selectthe o utputstyleontheFormatBibliographytab,andclickOK.

Reformatting Papers (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Adding New Citations to Formatted Papers Ifyouaddmorecitationstoyourpaperaftertheformattingprocess, y oucanupdatethecitationsandthebibliographybyselecting theFormat Bibliographycommandagain. Note:Youdonot n eedtounformatyourcitationsinordertoreformatthem. Reformatting with Different Styles Toreformatyourpaperinadifferentstyle: 1. InOpenOffice.orgWriter,gototheEndNoteX6menuandselectFormatBibliography a gain. 2. SelectanewstylefromtheFormatBibliography d ialogandclickOK. Yourcitationsandbibliographyareupdatedforthenewbibliographic s tyle.SeeAddingStyles t otheOutputStyles Listforinformationaboutexpandingthe l istofavailablestyles.

Creating a Bibliography from Multiple Documents (OpenOffice.org Writer)

YoucanusetheOpenOffice.orgWriterMasterDocumentfeaturetogenerate a singlebibliographyfrommultipledocuments.This allowsyoutocreate acumulativebibliographyfromanynumberofbookchapters. Togenerateasinglebibliography: 1. Ineachofyourdocuments,orchapters,insert y ourcitationstolinkthemtoreferencesinanEndNotelibrary. 2. Ineachdocument,gototheEndNoteX6menuandselectUnformatCitations t ounformatallofthecitationsinthedocument. 3. Closeallofyourdocuments. 4. CreateaFile>New>Masterdocument.

5. Insertanddisplayeachofyourchaptersassubdocuments. ( ChecktheOpenOffice.orgWriterhelpdocumentationifyou needstep-by-step i nstructions.) Note: I fyouhavecollapsedsubdocumentstohidetheircontentinOutlineview, makesureyouexpandtheminorderto displaythecontentsofallsubdocuments b eforecontinuing. 6. FromtheEndNoteX6 menu,selectFormatBibliography. Note: Y ourdocumentsmustallowread/writeaccess;theycannotbedesignated R ead-only(locked). 7. VerifytheformattingoptionsandclickOK. EndNotecreatesthebibliography,usingcitationsfromthemasterdocument andalldisplayedsubdocuments,andplacesitatthe endofthemaster d ocument.Youcanmovethebibliographyanywherewithinthemasteror s ubdocuments,anditwillremainin thatlocationevenwhenyoureformat. Note:If y ouselectWriter'sInsert>Filecommandandselectthe"Link" o ptiontoinsertadocumentintothetext,EndNotewill notformatthe l inkeddocumentwhenyouformatthemaindocument.Thetextfromthelinked d ocumentwillbeskipped.

Directly Editing Bibliographies (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Itisalwaysbesttomakechangestoyourfinalbibliographybycorrecting t hedataintheEndNotelibrary,editingtheoutputstyle youareusing, oraddingordeletingcitationsfromyourpaper.Then,aftermakingthe n ecessarychanges,formatthebibliography toautomaticallymakethecorrections. ItisnotalwayspossibleforEndNotetoformatthebibliographyexactly a sneeded,soyoumightneedtomanuallyedittheformattedbibliography. I fyoumustdothis,rememberthatifyoureformatapaperafterediting t hebibliography,EndNotewillnotpreserveyouredits.WhenEndNotereformats abibliography,itdeletestheexistingoneandputsanewoneinits p lace. Youcaneditthebibliographyasyouwouldanytext.Thebibliography maybeshaded,butyoucanstilleditit.Ifyoulaterreformat thepaper, y oureditswillbegone. Youcanaddtextafterthebibliography,butmakesuretoputitwell aftertheendoftheformattedbibliographyoutsideofthebibliography f ield. SeeModifyingStyle T emplatesforinstructionsabouteditingstyles.

Moving Bibliographies (OpenOffice.org Writer)

CiteWhileYouWritealwayscreatestheinitialbibliographyatthe e ndoftheOpenOffice.orgWriterdocumentthatithasformatted.Werecommend t hatyouleavethebibliographyattheendofthedocument,butrealize t hatisnotalwayspossible.Below aresomeoptionsformovingthebibliography t oadifferentlocationinyourpaper. Note:Pleaseback u pyourdocumentbeforeyoubegin! Add Text After the Bibliography Youmaywanttoaddtextafterthebibliography.Youcandothis,but makesureyouarewellbeyondtheendofthebookmarked bibliographyfield. I fyouaddtexttothebibliographyfield,itwilldisappearthenext t imeyougenerateabibliography.

Copy and Paste the Bibliography Youcancopyandpastethebibliography,butitgetstricky!First, h ighlighttheentirebibliographyfieldbutmakesureyouinclude the t woparagraphmarkersbeforethestartofthebibliography(orthetwo paragraphmarkersbeforethebibliographytitle,ifyou haveincluded o ne),plusthecompletebibliography,plustheparagraphmarkerafter t hebibliography.Then,Cutthebibliography andPasteitinthenewlocation. Note:Ifyouhave n otselectedthecomplete,bookmarkedbibliographyfield,youwillhave c opiedandpastedplaintext.Thetext inthenewlocationwillnever getupdated,andthebibliographyintheoldlocationwillchangeasyou u pdatecitationsorreformat thebibliography. Onceyouhavemovedthecomplete,bookmarkedbibliographyfieldtoa d ifferentlocationinthedocument,EndNotekeepsitthere evenwhenyou r eformatthepaper.

Deleting Bibliographies (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Todeleteabibliography,selectthebibliographyandthendeleteit. Makesureyoudragthecursorfromthelineabovethebibliographyto t heendofthebibliographyinordertoselecttheentirebibliography f ield.PresstheBackspaceorDeletekey.Youcanalsocutthebibliography i fyouwanttopasteitsomewhereelse.

Setting Cite While You Write Preferences

Setting Cite While You Write Preferences (OpenOffice.org Writer)
ToaccessandsetCiteWhileYouWritepreferences: InOpenOffice.orgWriter,gototheEndNoteX6menu a ndselectCiteWhileYouWritePreferences. Open EndNote When Starting OpenOffice.org Writer Selectthisitemtoalways openEndNotewhenyoustartOpenOffice.org W riter. Close EndNote When Leaving OpenOffice.org Writer Selectthisitemtoalways closeEndNotewhenyouleaveOpenOffice.org W riter.ThisworksonlywhentheEndNoteprogram waslaunchedwithone o ftheCiteWhileYouWritecommandsfromwithinWriterorifthe"Open E ndNoteWhenStartingWriter" preferenceisselected. ForinformationaboutotherEndNotepreferencesthatdirectlyaffect C iteWhileYouWrite,seeRelated E ndNotePreferences.

Making Changes to the EndNote Library

Editing a Reference in the Library (OpenOffice.org Writer)
YoumayinsertacitationintoanOpenOffice.orgWriterdocument,and t henlatereditthecorrespondingreferenceinEndNote.Are thosechanges r eflectedinyourWriterdocument? Yourcitationsandbibliographywillreflecttheeditsthenexttime y oureformatthepaperwiththeEndNotelibraryopen.Openyour document, openyourEndNotelibrary,andselectFormatBibliographyfromtheEndNote X6menuinOpenOffice.org W riter.EndNotewillnotbeabletomaketheupdateifthelibraryis n otopenduringformatting.

Note:Theauthors l astnameandthepublicationyeararebothusedtoidentifyareference, s ochangestotheseitemsinanEndNotereferencearenotreflectedin t hein-textcitation.CiteWhileYouWritewillnolongeridentifyamatch b etweenthecitation andthereference.

Deleting a Reference from the Library (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Thefirsttimeacitationisformatted,EndNoteusesinformationfrom t heunformattedcitationtolookintheopenlibraryandfind thecorresponding r eference.Ifyoulaterreformat,EndNoteagainlooksinthelibraryfor t hatreference. IfyouhavedeletedthecorrespondingreferencefromtheEndNotelibrary, E ndNotewillnotbeabletofindthereferenceinformationforformatting. Ifyouaddthereferencetothelibraryagain,itwillbeassigneda d ifferentrecordnumber.Youwouldneedtore-insertthecitation with OpenOffice.orgWriter.

Record Numbers
EndNoteassignsauniquerecordnumbertoeachreferenceasitisadded t oyourlibrary.Theserecordnumbersappearintemporarycitationsto e nsurethatthecorrectreferenceisusedwhenthepaperisformatted: {Argus,1991#11} Therecordnumberforareferenceisalsovisibleinthetitlebarof t heReferencewindow. Keepthefollowingpoints aboutrecordnumbersinmind: l EndNoteautomaticallyassignsarecordnumber s equentiallytoeachreferenceasitisaddedtoalibrary. l Ifthesamereferenceappearsintwodifferent l ibraries,therecordnumberswillmostlikelybedifferent. l Recordnumbersareneverreusedorreassigned w ithinalibrary.Whenyoudeleteareference,thecorrespondingrecord numberisneverusedagaininthatlibrary. l Youcannotmodifyorreassignrecordnumbers. l WerecommendthatyounotrelyonEndNotes r ecordnumbersasameansoffilingornumberingyourofficereprints, becauseyouhavenocontroloverthisnumber.Instead,enteryour o wnuniquenumberintotheLabelfield,oranyCustom field,anduse t hatnumberforyourreprints. Ifyouaddthereferencetothelibraryagain,itwillbeassigneda n ew,differentrecordnumber,soEndNotestillwillnotbeableto find itwhenformattingyourpaper.Youwillneedtoreinsertthecitation intothepaperusingthenewreferenceinyourlibrary.

Sharing Your Writer Documents

Sharing Your Writer Documents (OpenOffice.org Writer)
YoucandirectlyshareyourOpenOffice.org.ODTfileswithcolleagues. Ifyouwanttoconvertyourdocumentforusewithapreviousversion o fWriteroradifferentwordprocessor,youshouldUnformat Citations beforesavinginthedifferentfileformat.Then,youmaybeabletoreformat. T hecorrespondingEndNotelibrary(or libraries)mustbeavailablein o rdertoformat. Ofcourse,ifyoujustwanttoprintacopyofthepaperforsomeone, y oudonotneedtodoanythingtoyourdocumentotherthan printit!

Working on Different Computers (OpenOffice.org Writer)

Ifyouareworkingonasinglepaperandmovingbetweendifferentcomputers, i tisbesttokeepacopyofyourreferencelibrary withyourpaper.That w ayyouwillalways accessthesamelibrarywheninsertingcitations. I fyouseparatelyaddreferencestoa copyofthelibraryathomeand t oadifferentversionatwork,recordnumbersmaynotmatchupcorrectly. Y ouwanttomakesure thatanylibraryeditsarereflectedinyourWord d ocument. Ifyouareinsertingcitationsononlyonemachine,itisfinetomove t hedocumentitselftoothermachinesaslongasyouwillbe accessing t hedocumentwiththesameversionofWriter. YoucannotformatcitationsinyourOpenOffice.orgWriterdocumentunless t heassociatedEndNotelibraryisavailable.

Saving Files for Other Versions of Writer and Other Word Processors
IfyouopenyourdocumentwithadifferentversionofWriter,oruse t heSaveAscommandtosaveaformattedcopyofyourpaper inanother f ormat,youmaylosetheabilitytoformatcitationsinthatdocument. Ifyouplantouseyourdocumentwithadifferentwordprocessor,a d ifferentversionofOpenOffice.orgWriter,youshouldUnformatCitations b eforeconvertingthedocumenttotheotherfileformat. Unformattedcitationsareregulartext;however,theyaretemporary p laceholdersthatdonotreflectfinaloutput.SeeUnformatting C itations. YoucanunformatcitationsandthensavethedocumentasaMicrosoft W ordfile,asanolderversionWriterODTfile,orasan RTFfile.For W ordfiles,useCiteWhile YouWriteforMicrosoftWordtoreformatthepaper.ForolderODT f ilesorRTFfiles,use Format P apertoformatcitationsfromtheseplaceholders.

Moving Documents between Microsoft Word and Writer

YoucanconvertyourMicrosoftWorddocumentsforOpenOffice.orgWriter a ndviceversa.Alwaysstartbymakingabackupof theoriginaldocument! Withtheoriginalwordprocessor,makesureyoufirstunformatcitations, t hensavethedocument,andthenclosethewordprocessor.Then,open t hefilewiththeotherwordprocessor.YoumusthavetheassociatedEndNote libraryavailableandopenin ordertoformatthecitationsandbibliography. Note:Ifyouhave b othMicrosoftWordandOpenOffice.orgWriteropen,theCiteWhileYou W ritecommandsavailablewithin EndNoteareactiveforthewordprocessor t hatwaslaunchedfirst. ThereareseveralCiteWhileYouWritefunctionsthatareavailable o nlyinMicrosoftWord,andnotinOpenOffice.orgWriter. Theseinclude: l usingthetemplatewizard l insertingnotes l insertingfiguresandtables l constantbackgroundinstantformatting l creatingmultiplebibliographiesinasingle d ocumentwithsections l usingatravelinglibrary(ratherthanalways h avingthelibraryavailableandopen)

RTF Files/Scanning and Formatting

Word Processor Compatibility (Format Paper)
Youcancreateformattedcitationsandbibliographiesforyourpapers w ithoutusingCiteWhileYouWriteforMicrosoftWordor O penOffice.orgWriter.UseFormat Papertocitereferencesandcreatebibliographiesfordocuments t hatcanbesavedasRTF, includingdocumentscreatedwith: l l l l l l l MicrosoftWord WordPerfect OpenOffice.orgWriter StarOfficeStarWriter MicrosoftWorks WordPad AlmostanyapplicationthatcansaveasRTF(RichTextFormat)

Note:EndNoteuses U nicodetoappropriatelydisplaydiacriticsandotherextendedcharacters. I fthesecharactersdonotdisplaycorrectlywhenyouformatEndNotecitations a ndreferencesinyourwordprocessordocument,itmaybebecauseyour w ord processorlacksUnicodesupport.Pleaserefertoyourwordprocessor's d ocumentation. Toformatreferences andcreateabibliography(CiteWhileYouWrite) w ithMicrosoftWord2003or2007 , seeHowtoCiteWhile YouWritewithMicrosoftWord. Toformatreferences andcreate a bibliography(CiteWhileYouWrite)withOpenOffice.orgWriter,see H ow t oCiteWhileYou WritewithOpenOffice.orgWriter . WhileyoucanusetheFormatPaperfeaturetoformatWordfilessaved asRTF,orOpenOfficedocuments w iththeextension ODT,itismucheasierandmoreefficienttouseCiteWhileYouWrite. Tocreateastand-alonebibliographythatisnotbasedonthecitations i napaper,seeIndependent Bibliographies. Forup-to-datecompatibilityinformation,seeourWebsiteathttp://www.endnote.com.

Basic Instructions (Format Paper)

Thistopicdescribeshowtocreateformattedcitationsandbibliographies f oryourpaperswithoutusingCiteWhileYouWritefor Microsoft W ordorOpenOffice.orgWriter . Thebasicstepsrequiredtocitereferencesinapaperand"format" t hatpaperusingEndNotearecoveredhere.Moredetailsabout howtoswitch b etweenprogramsandvarioustipsforcitingreferencesaredescribed i nthesectionsfollowingthesebasicinstructions. Citingreferencesisastraight-forwardprocessofcopyingtemporary c itationsfromEndNoteandpastingthemintoyourwordprocessingdocument. W hilewritingapaperinyourwordprocessor,youcanhaveEndNoterunning i nthebackgroundsothatitseasy toswitchbetweenthetwoprograms w henyouneedtociteasource.AlthoughyoucanentertheEndNotetemporary c itationsinto apaperatanytime,mostwritersfinditconvenientto enterthecitationsastheyarewritingthepaperinsteadofwaitingto i nsert themafterthetextiswritten. Note:TheFormat P apercommandworksonRTFdocuments o rOpenOffice.orgWriterdocuments.Youcreateyourpaperand insert c itationswithyourwordprocessor.YoucanscanOpenOffice.orgWriter d ocumentsdirectly.Whenyouarereadytoscan andformatcitationsfor otherdocumenttypes,youmustfirstsaveacopyofyourpaperasRTF, a ndthenscanthatcopyofthe paper..

TopracticeusingtheFormatPaperfeature,youcanfollowthisprocedure u singoneoftheexampledocumentsfoundinthe E ndNoteX6\Examplesfolder.Werecommendexperimentingwiththe Sample_RichText.RTForSample_OpenDocType.ODTfile alongwiththeSample_Library_X6. To cite a reference in a paper: 1. Startyourwordprocessorandopenthepaperyou a rewriting. Asanexample,youcanlocateandopenSample_RichText.RTF f oundintheEndNoteX6\Examplesfolder.IfyouuseOpenOffice.orgWriter,youcanuseSample_OpenDocType.ODTasanexample. 2. Whenyouarereadytociteasource,positionthe c ursorinthetextwhereyouwouldliketoputthecitation. ...acommonlydocumentedphenomena|. 3. StartEndNoteandopenyourlibrary(ifitisnot a lreadyopen).SeeOpening a Libraryifyouneedhelpwiththisstep. 4. Selectthereference(s) i nyourEndNotelibrarythatyouwanttocite.PresstheCtrlkeywhileclickingonthereferences t o selectmultiplereferences;presstheShiftkeytoselectarange o freferences. 5. SelectCopy(Ctrl+C)fromtheEditmenu, thenreturntoyourwordprocessorandPaste ( Ctrl+V)thetemporarycitation i nto thetextofyourdocument. OR Drag-and-droptheselectedcitationsintoyourpaper. ThepastedcitationappearsinEndNotestemporaryformat:firstauthors l astname,yearofpublication,andrecord number,allenclosedin c urlybraces: { Morehouse,1993#125} Ifmultiplereferenceswereselected,theircitationsappeartogether w ithinonesetofdelimitersintheorderinwhich theyarelistedin t heLibrarywindow. {Hall,1999#90;Baker,1988#38} Thiscitationisnotthefinalcitation,butratheratemporarycitation t hatwillbeformattedlater.Thenumberinthe temporarycitationis n otabibliographynumberbutauniquerecordnumber.Whenyouformat t hispaper,EndNote buildsabibliographybasedonthetemporarycitations t hatitfindsinthepaper,andreformatsthemaccordingtothe selected s tyle. Continuefollowingsteps2-5toinsertcitationsasyouwriteyourpaper. Tosaveyourdocument: 6. Whenyouhavefinishedaddingcitations, select S avefromyourwordprocessorsFilemenutosaveallchangestoyour document. 7. IfthefileyoucreatedisnotanOpenOffice.org W riterdocumentoranRTFdocument,saveacopyofthefileasRTF. F rom theFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Inthefiledialog,setthetype o ffileasRTF.RTFretainsmoststylesandformatting. 8. CloseyourdocumentbyselectingClosefromthe F ilemenu.Youcanleaveyourwordprocessorrunning. To generate the bibliography:

1. ReturntoEndNote. 2. Navigatethefiledialog tolocateandselecttheRTFdocumentorODT document.ThenexttimeyouselectFormatPaperyou willseeyourrecentlyused fileslistedforeasyaccess. 3. ChecktheCitations windowtomakesurethatEndNotewasabletofindmatchingreferences forallofthecitations. Duringthescanningprocess,EndNotelocatestemporarycitationsin thepaper,andsearchesthelibrarytofindreferencesthat match eachofthecitations.Whenscanningiscomplete,EndNotedisplays theCitationswindow.TheCitationswindowlists thecitationsfound inthepapertogetherwiththenumberofmatchingreferencesinthe openlibraries. ThecitationsintheCitationswindowappearintheordertheyare citedinthepaper.Ifareferenceiscitedmorethanonceina paper, itislistedmorethanonceinthiswindow;howeverthereference willappearonlyonceinthebibliography. EverycitationlistedintheCitationswindowshouldhavea"1" nexttoitintheMatchescolumn,meaningthatEndNotefound exactly onereferenceinthelibrarytomatchthecitationinthepaper.When allofthecitationsinthewindowhavea"1"nextto them, youarereadytogoontothenextstepofformattingapaper.If a"0"oranumbergreaterthanoneappearsintheMatches column,youmayneedtoresolvemismatchedcitations. 4. Select astylefromtheOutputStyleslistontheCitationwindow.Enter astartingbibliographynumberifyouwish. Theindividualstyleslistedarethestylesthatarecurrentlyselected asyour"favorites"intheStyleManager.Ifyouneedto chooseastylethatisnotinthelist,chooseSelectAnotherStyle toopentheStyleManager.Markyourfavoritestylesthere, andstart thisstepagain.SeeAdding StylestotheOutputStylesList. 5. Click FormattohaveEndNotecreateacopyofyourpapercompletewithformatted citationsandabibliography. 6. You arethenpromptedtonameandsavetheformattedcopyofthepaper. EndNoteautomaticallyaddsthenameoftheoutputstyletoyourexisting filename.Youcanchangethenameoftheformatted documentifnecessary bytypinganewnameinthetextbox.Youcanalsousethe "Savein:"listatthetopofthewindowto changethelocation whereEndNotesavesthefile.BydefaultEndNotesavestheformatted fileinthesamelocationasthe unformattedfile. Important!Never savetheformattedpaperwiththesamenameastheoriginalunformatted document.Youmusthavethe unformatteddocumentifyoueverwanttoformat thepaperagain. WhileEndNoteisformatting,thecursorchangestoawait cursor.Whentheformattinghasfinished,thecursorreturnstoan arrow andtheCitationswindowremainsopen.NowthatEndNotehasgenerated aformattedcopyofthepaper,youcanopen thatpaperinyourwordprocessor. 7. Switch toyourwordprocessor(seeSwitching BetweenEndNoteandaWordProcessor). 8. Select OpenfromthewordprocessorsFilemenu,andthenselectandopen theformattedversionofthepaper.Rememberthat youwanttoopen thefilethathasthenameofthestyleappendedtothefilename. In theformattedpaper,EndNotehasreplacedthetemporarycitations withformattedcitationsandinsertedabibliography.The paperisready tobeprintedandsubmitted!

Making Changes to the Paper

Ifyouneedtomakechangestothepaper (suchaschangeacitation,addmoretext,orchangethebibliographic s tyle),youshould edittheoriginalunformatteddocument,andthenformat i tagain.EndNotewillgenerateanewformattedcopyofthepaper.See ReformattingaPaper. Related Topics: Citing R eferencesinFootnotes Multiple R eferencesinOneCitation Switching BetweenEndNoteandaWordProcessor Temporary v s.FormattedCitations The C itationsWindow Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Word ProcessorCompatibility

Tips on Citing Sources

Temporary vs. Formatted Citations
A"citation"isthebibliographicinformationinthebody o fapaperthatrefers thereadertoacompletereferenceinthebibliography. Normallyacitationconsistsofabibliographynumberortheauthorand y earinparentheses: ... ofthespeciesathand1. ... ofthespeciesathand(Argus,1991). WhenyoufirstcopyanEndNotecitationandpasteitintoyourpaper, itappearsinEndNotestemporarycitation format.This f ormatconsistsofthefirstauthorslastname,year,andtheEndNote r ecordnumber,withcitationdelimitersateachend. {Author, Year#RecordNumber} WhenEndNoteformatsthispaperitreplacesthetemporarycitations w ithformatted citations. Temporary Citation:{Argus,1991#11} Formatted Citation (in APA):(Argus &Matthews,1991) EndNotereliesonthetemporarycitationstodeterminewhichreferences t oincludeinthebibliography.Duringformatting,EndNotescansyour w ordprocessingdocumentfortemporarycitations,findstheirmatching r eferencesintheEndNotelibrary,and createsaduplicateofyourdocument c ompletewith"formatted"in-textcitationsandabibliography attheend.Thisnewdocument iscalledyour"formatted"paper. Note:Bydefault, c itationdelimitersarecurlybraces.Ifyouhaveothertextwithincurly b races,youmaywanttochangeyour citationdelimiters.

Switching Between EndNote and a Word Processor

WithyourEndNotelibraryandwordprocessingdocumentbothopen,you c answitchbetweenthetwofileswithoutclosingeither program. Torunbothprogramssimultaneously i nWindows:

1. StartEndNotebyclickingtheWindowsStartbutton i nthetaskbar,thenselectPrograms, s electEndNote,andpickEndNoteProgram.EndNotestartsandprompts y outoopenyourlibrary.(Tosetalibrarytoopenautomatically, s eeSetting a DefaultLibrary. 2. Youcanstartyourwordprocessorinasimilarfashion byclickingtheStartbutton,selectingProgramFiles,andselecting theoptionforyourwordprocessor. 3. OnceyouhaveEndNoteandyourwordprocessorrunning, y oucanswitchbetweenthetwoprogramsbyclickingthetask barbuttonalongthebottomofthescreenfor t heprogramyouwishtouse. YoucanalsopressAlt+Tabtoswitchbetweentheprograms.IfyouarerunningmorethanjustEndNoteandyourwordprocessor,keeptheAltkeypressed,andpresstheTabkeyrepeatedlytocyclethroughallopenprograms.Whenyouseethe nameoftheprogramyouwant,releasebothkeys.

Multiple References in One Citation

Ifyouneedmultiplereferencesinonein-textcitation,youcanaccomplish t hisinoneoftwoways.Oneoptionistoinsertallofthe citations t ogether: Toinsertmultiplecitations: 1. HolddowntheCtrl k eywhileclickingonthedesiredreferencesinyourlibrary(orhold d owntheShiftkeytoselectacontinuousrangeofreferences). 2. FromtheEditmenu,selectCopy. 3. Positionthecursorinyourwordprocessingdocument w hereyouwantthecitations,andselectPastefromtheEditmenu. Thecitationsareinsertedtogetherinonesetofdelimiters.Onceformatted, t heyappearinonemultiplecitation,sortedasyourbibliographicstyle r equires: Unformatted:{Hall, 1 999#90;Baker,1988#38} Formatted:(Baker, 1 988;Hall,1999) Theotheroptionistoaddthecitationstothepaperindividually. E ndNotemergesadjacentcitationsautomaticallyduringtheformatting p rocess.Citationsdonotmerge,however,ifanycharacter,including s pacesorpunctuation,separatesthem. Unformatted:{Hall, 1 999#90}{Baker,1988#38} Merged when Formatted: ( Baker,1988;Hall,1999) Note:Ifoneof t hecitationsinamultiplecitationcannotbematchedduringformatting, t heentirecitationwillremainunformatted. Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Citing R eferencesinFootnotes RecordNumbers Switching BetweenEndNoteandaWordProcessor Temporary v s.FormattedCitations The C itationsWindow Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Word ProcessorCompatibility UsingMacintosh S ervices

Citing References in Footnotes (Format Paper)

Onceyouhavecreatedafootnoteoranendnote i nyourwordprocessingdocument,youcancitereferencesinthefootnotes o r endnotesjustlikeyoucitetheminthebodyofthetext. Tocitereferencesinfootnotes: 1. InyourEndNotelibrary,selectthereference(s)thatyouwouldliketociteand s electCopyfromtheEditmenu. 2. Createthefootnoteorendnote usingtheappropriatecommandinyourwordprocessor.EndNotedoes n otactuallycreate thefootnoteorendnoteinthedocument,butitisusedtoinsertandformatthecitationsinthenotes. 3. Positionthecursorinthefootnoteorendnoteinyourpaperwhereyouwouldlikethecitation(s)toappearandselectPaste fromtheEditmenu. Note:Youcanedit a fullreferencefootnotecitationtoexcludeauthorname,year,or a uthor/year.NotethattheAuthor(Year) optiondoesnotapplytofootnotes. TheEndNotestylethatisselectedwhenyouselectFormatBibliography d etermineshowthecitationsinthefootnotesorendnotes w illbeformatted.EndNotecanformatthesecitationsasbriefin-text c itationsorlikethecompletereferencesinthebibliography.Itcan a lsocreateaspecialformatspecifictofootnotesorendnotes,includingoptionslike"Ibid."andothervariations ofshortenedreferenceswhenacitationappearsmorethanonceinthefootnotesorendnotes. Related Topics: The C itationsWindow Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Word ProcessorCompatibility UsingMacintosh S ervices

Typing Citations into Your Paper (RTF Files)

Manuallyenteringcitationsisthesamewhetheryou a reusingFormatPaperwithanRTFfileorCiteWhileYouWritewithMicrosoft W ord.Seethesetopics: l Notes A boutTemporaryCitations l Components o faTemporaryCitation l Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations l Citation P refixes l Citation S uffixes l Including Semicolons&OtherCitationDelimitersinaCitation l Examples o fModifiedCitations

Record Numbers (Format Paper)

EndNoteassignsauniquerecordnumbertoeachreferenceasitisadded t oyourlibrary.Theserecordnumbersappearinthetemporarycitations t oensurethatthecorrectreferenceisusedwhenthepaperisformatted: {Argus,1991#31} Therecordnumberforareferenceisalsovisibleinthetitlebarof t heReferencewindow.

YoumayalsoseerecordnumbersintheLibrarywindowbyselectingRecord N umbersasoneofthedisplayfields fortheLibrary window.SeeDisplay F ields . Because these record numbers are so important, keep the following points in mind: l We r ecommendthatyoudonotrelyonEndNotesrecordnumbersasameans o ffilingornumberingyourofficereprints, becauseyouhavenocontrol o verthisnumber,anditissubjecttochangeundercertainconditions ( readon).Instead,enter yourownuniquenumberintotheLabelfield, oranyCustomfield,andusethatnumberforyourreprints. l EndNote a utomaticallyassignsarecordnumbersequentiallytoeachreference a sitisaddedtoalibrary. l If t hesamereferenceappearsintwodifferentlibraries,therecord n umberswillmostlikelybedifferent. l The r ecordnumbersareneverreusedorreassignedwithinalibrary.If y oudeleteareference,thatnumberisneverusedagain inthatlibrary. l You c annotmodifyorreassignrecordnumbers.

Deleting References in the Library

Ifyoudeleteareferencefromyourlibraryafteryouhavecitedit i napaper,EndNotewillnotbeabletofinditwhenittriestoformat t hatpaper.Ifyouaddthereferencetothelibraryagain,itwillbe a ssignedanew,differentrecordnumber,soEndNotestillwillnot be a bletofinditwhenformattingyourpaper.Youwillneedtoreinsert t hecitationintothepaperusingthenewreferenceinyour library. Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Multiple R eferencesinOneCitation Switching BetweenEndNoteandaWordProcessor Temporary v s.FormattedCitations The C itationsWindow Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Word ProcessorCompatibility UsingMacintosh S ervices

Formatting Citations and Creating Bibliographies

The Citations Window (Format Paper)
TheCitationMatcheswindowopensintheEndNoteprogramafter y ouformat a paper(oriftheformattingprocessiscanceled).It listsallofthe c itationsfoundinadocument,intheorderinwhichtheyappearinthe p aper. IntheCitationswindow,EndNotebringsspecialattentiontounmatched andambiguouscitations.Youcanchoosefromthecheck boxoptionsto s howonlytheMatchedCitations,UnmatchedCitations,orAmbiguousCitations. TheCitationswindow listsallofthecitationsfoundinthedocument anddisplaysthenumberofmatchingreferencesforeachcitation. Ifanynumberotherthana1appearsintheMatchescolumn,thecorresponding c itationwillbeleftunformattedinthedocument andwillnotbeincluded i nthebibliographyEndNotegenerates.

Ambiguous Citations (Matches Greater than 1)

Anumbergreaterthan1indicatesthatmultiplereferencesinthecurrently o penlibrary(orlibraries)matchthecitationandEndNotedoesnotknow w hichreferencetouse.(EndNoteautomaticallychecksthematchingreferences t oseeifanyareduplicates. Ifso,theyarenotlistedasseparatepossible m atches.)Toseewhichreferencesareconsideredmatches,highlightthe c itationin theCitationswindow andclickLookup.Reinsertthecorrect c itationintothepaper.

Unmatched Citations (A "Zero" Match)

AzerointheMatchescolumnindicatesthatthereisnomatchingreference inanyopenlibraryforthatparticularcitation.The Author,Year,and R ecordNumber(ifusedinthetemporarycitation)mustallmatchtheAuthor, Year,andRecordNumberofareferenceinthelibraryinorderforEndNote t oconsideritamatch. Iftextinyourdocumentissurroundedbycitationdelimiters(such a s"{sic}),EndNotewilltreat t hetextasamismatchedcitation. Youcanignorethewarningaboutit beingamismatchedcitation,andEndNotewillsimplyleavethetextas i twasbeforeformatting.(YoucouldalsochangetheCitation D elimiters.) UnchecktheUnmatchedCitations b oxatthetopoftheCitationswindow tohidetheseitemsfromviewif y ouhavenumeroussectionsofbracketedtextinyourdocumentandthe c orrespondingunmatchedcitationsarejustclutteringtheCitationswindow.

Correcting Mismatched Citations

Mismatchedcitationsmustbecorrectedeitherinthewordprocessing d ocumentorintheEndNotelibrarywhichevercontains theincorrectinformation. N ormally,theeasiestwaytofixamismatchedcitationistosearchthe w ordprocessingdocumentfor themismatchedcitation(usetheFindcommand i nyourwordprocessors Editmenu),deleteit,andthenreinsertthe c itationfrom thelibrary. IfthereisacitationforwhichEndNotelistsmultiplematches,you c anhighlightthecitationintheCitationswindowandclick Lookup.EndNote d isplaysthematchingreferencesintheLibrarywindow.Youmaythenselect t heappropriatereferenceandreinsertitintothepaper.Mismatchesof t histypeareonlypossiblewhentherecordnumberhasbeenomittedfrom t hetemporarycitationinthetext. Afteryouhavecorrectedthemismatchedcitationsandsavedyourchanges t othepaper,Formatagain.(TheCitationswindowis stillavailableafter f ormattingifyouwanttoseethelistofcitations.) Thebestwaytoavoidcitationmismatches: l Keepallofyourreferencesinonemainlibrary. l CopyandpasteyourcitationsfromEndNoteto y ourwordprocessingdocumentsinsteadoftypingthem. Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Citing R eferencesinFootnotes Multiple R eferencesinOneCitation Switching BetweenEndNoteandaWordProcessor Temporary v s.FormattedCitations The C itationsWindow Typing C itationsintoYourPaper Word ProcessorCompatibility

Bibliographic Styles (Format Paper)

ThebibliographicstyledetermineshowEndNoteformatsthecitations i nyourpaperandthereferencesinthebibliography.The styletakes c areofalltextstyles,punctuation,andsortingrequiredforthecitations a ndbibliography,aswellaswhichfields are includedinthebibliography. SelectastyleontheCitations w indowafterselectingFormatPaper.YoucanalwaysrunFormat Papertoselectadifferentstyle andreformatyourunformatted(original) R TFdocumentatanypoint. TheEndNoteStylescollectionincludesmorethan1900styles,allof w hichcanbemodifiedtomeetyourspecifications.Youcan alsocreate c ompletelynewstylesifnecessary.Relatedtopics: l SeeAdding S tylestotheOutputStylesListtolearnmoreaboutthe S tyles Managerandhowtogetthestylesyouneedto appearinEndNotes OutputStyleslist. l Tolearnabouthowthestyleswork,andhow y oucanmodifythem,seeWhat i sanOutputStyle? l Forhelpwithchoosingtherightstyleforyour p aper,seePreviewing FormattedReferences(orStyles). Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Copying F ormattedReferences Creating O neBibliographyFromSeveralPapers Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Modifying R eferencesinYourLibrary Reformatting a Paper RescanningthePaper Specifying t heStartingNumberofaBibliography The C itationsWindow

Previewing Formatted References (or Styles)

ThePreviewtabintheLibrarywindowdisplayshowthecurrentlyselected r eferencewillbeformattedinthebibliographybythe currentstyle. ThisPreviewtabshowsonlyonereferenceatatime. Topreviewhowmultiplereferenceswillappearinabibliography: 1. SelectthereferencesintheLibrarywindow. 2. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles andselect t hestylethatyouwouldliketouse. 3. FromtheEditmenu,selectCopyFormatted ( Ctrl+K). 4. UsetheWindows C lipboardViewertoviewthecontentsofthe C lipboard,orPastetheformattedreferencesintoaword processor document.

Reformatting a Paper
SinceEndNotecreatesacopyofthepaperduringtheformattingprocess, y oucanalwaysreformattheoriginaldocument,ifnecessary,tocreate a newdocumentwiththechangesthatyouneed. Reformatting with Different Styles Theappearanceofboththein-textcitationsandthebibliographyin t heformattedpaperisdeterminedbytheselectedstyle.Ifyou needto c reateacopyofyourpaperinadifferentstylethanwhatyoudidoriginally:

1. FromtheToolsmenuinEndNote,selectFormatPaper > FormatPaper.Opentheoriginalunformattedcopyofyourpaper (theonewiththeEndNotecitationssurroundedbycurlybracesor b rackets). 2. OntheCitations w indow,selectanewoutputstylefromtheOutputStyledrop-down l ist.Youcanselectoneofthe"favorite"stylescurrently i nthelist,orchooseSelectAnotherStyletopickastylefromthe 4 ,500+stylesshipped w ithEndNote. 3. IftheCitationswindowshowsthatallthecitations i nthepaperarecorrectlymatched,clicktheFormatbutton. 4. EndNotewillpromptyoutonameandsavethenew f ormattedcopyofthepaper.Noticethatthestylenameisincluded a s partofthenewpapersname.Thatwillhelpyoudistinguishbetween v ariouscopiesofonepaper(perhapsformattedtobe submittedto d ifferentjournals). Whenyouopenthenewformattedcopyofyourpaper,youshouldseethat y ourcitationsandbibliographyusethenewbibliographicformat. Important:When y ouneedtomakechangesinyourpaper,remembertoworkonlywiththe u nformattedcopyofthepaper(the onewiththebracketedtemporarycitations), ratherthantheformattedcopythatEndNotecreated. Adding New Citations to Formatted Papers Ifyouhavealreadyformattedyourpaper,andyouseethatitneeds t obeeditedbyeitheraddingorremovingcitations,youmust returnto t heoriginal,unformattedcopyofthedocument(theonewithEndNotes " temporarycitations").Openthatdocumentin yourwordprocessor. A dd,modifyordeletecitationsasnecessary,andthensavethepaper a sRTF.Youmaynowformatthe paper(asdescribedabove)tocreatean u pdatedcopyofit.

Creating One Bibliography From Several Papers

EndNotecanformataseriesofseparatewordprocessingdocumentsand putacumulativebibliographyattheendofthelastone. Thisisuseful ifyouarecollaboratingwithotherEndNoteusersandyouhaveeachwritten a separatepartofthepaper,orifyou haveseparatedalengthypaper intodifferentchapters. Tocreateonebibliographyfromseveralpapers: 1. FromtheToolsmenu,selectFormatPaper>Format Papertoopenandscanthefirstpaper. 2. AScanNextbuttonappearsontheCitations w indow .(TheFormatPapercommandonthemenuchangestoScan N ext). ClickScanNextinthewindow,orselectitfromthemenu, t oopeneachofthesubsequentpapersinthecorrectorder. Eachpapers c itationswillbeaddedtothelistofcitationsintheCitations w indow. 3. Whenthelastpaperhasbeenscanned,selectan o utputstyleontheCitationswindowandclickFormat. Duringtheformattingprocess,EndNotemakesaformattedcopyofeach paperandputsacumulativebibliographyattheendof thelastpaper. O nlythelastpaperintheserieswillincludethebibliography.Bydefault, e achformattedpaperretainsitsoriginal namewiththestylenameincorporated i ntoit;however,youhavetheoptiontochangethenames. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Copying F ormattedReferences Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Modifying R eferencesinYourLibrary Reformatting a Paper RescanningthePaper

Specifying t heStartingNumberofaBibliography The C itationsWindow

Specifying the Starting Number of a Bibliography (Format Paper)

WhenyouselectFormatPapertodisplayaCitations w indow,EndNoteincludesanoutputstylelisttoconfirmorchange t hestyle thatshouldbeusedtoformatthepaper.Italsogivesyouthe o ptiontochangethestartingnumberforyourcitationsandbibliography. IfyouwouldlikeEndNotesnumberingtostartwithanumberotherthan " 1"forthedocumentthatyouareformatting,enterthat number h ere.Thissettingisignoredifyouareformattingthepaperwithastyle t hatdoesnotcreatenumberedreferencesinthe bibliography.

Copying Formatted References

Theremaybetimeswhenyouwanttoinsertafullyformattedreference i ntothebodyorfootnotesofyourpaperwithouthavingto formatanentire d ocument. Toinsertafullyformattedreference: 1. SelectastylefromthelistofstylesontheMaintoolbar. 2. Selectthereference(s) i ntheLibrarywindow. 3. SelectCopyFormattedfromEndNotesEditmenu. 4. Switchtoyourwordprocessingdocument,position t hecursorinthetext,andselectPastefromtheEditmenu. Ifyourwordprocessorsupportsdrag-and-drop,youmayalsodragthe r eferencesanddropthemonyourpaperwiththeCtrlkey pressed.Thisproducesthesame r esultsasusingtheCopyFormattedcommand. Multiplereferencesaresortedaccordingtotherulesoftheselected s tyle.Fontsandcharacterstylesaretransferredifyouare pastinginto a programthatinterpretsstyledtextorRich T extFormat(RTF)informationontheClipboard. Related Topics: Adding S tylestotheOutputStylesList BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Creating O neBibliographyFromSeveralPapers Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Modifying R eferencesinYourLibrary Reformatting a Paper RescanningthePaper Specifying t heStartingNumberofaBibliography The C itationsWindow Word ProcessorCompatibility

Rescanning the Paper

IfthereisaproblemwithyourcitationmatchesafterselectingFormat P aper,leavetheCitationswindow o penandswitchtoyour wordprocessortomakethenecessarychanges. Aftersavingyourchanges,closeyourdocumentandswitchbacktoEndNote. OntheCitationswindow,clickRescanPaper. EndNotethenupdatestheinformationintheCitationswindow toreflect t herecentchangesmadetothepaper.Ifthepaperwas modifiedandsaved s inceitwaslastscanned,EndNotepromptsyoutorescan t hepaperbeforeformatting.

Managing Your EndNote Library

Modifying References in Your Library
IfyouaddorchangeareferenceinyourlibrarywhiletheCitations w indow isopen,makesureyouclickRescan t ohavethose changesreflectedintheCitationswindow andintheformatted p aper. Forexample,ifyoutypedthecitation{Geoffery,1988}intoyourpaperbutforgottoenterthereferenceinthe l ibrary,EndNote wouldlista0intheMatchescolumnfor t hatcitationontheCitationswindow.YoucanleavetheCitationswindowopenandenter theGeofferyreferenceintoyourlibrary.BringtheCitationswindowforwardandusetheRescanbuttontorecheckthelibraryfor matchingreferences.Thisshouldchangethe"0"matchtoa"1." Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Bibliographic S tyles Copying F ormattedReferences Creating O neBibliographyFromSeveralPapers Finding a ndLabelingReferencesUsedinaPaper Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Formatting w ithMultipleLibraries Reformatting a Paper The C itationsWindow Working o nDifferentComputers

Finding EndNote References for Editing (Format Paper)

IntheCitationswindow, y oucanselectanynumberofmatchingreferencesandthenclickLookup t osearchanddisplaythosereferencesinEndNotesLibrarywindow.You c anopeneachrecordforviewingorediting.Ifyoueditareference, m akesureyouRescanyourpapertoreflect t hechanges.

Formatting with Multiple Libraries

AlthoughEndNotecanformatpapersusingreferencesfrommorethanone l ibrary,wedonotrecommendthatyouusemultiple librarieswhenwriting a paper.Keepingallofyourreferencestogetherinonelibrarysimplifies t hewritingprocessbecauseyou knowexactlywheretofindeachreference, a ndyouonlyneedtohavetheonelibraryopenwhenformatting. Ifyouarecollaboratingwithotherauthorsonadocument,however, u singmultiplelibrariesforapapermaybeausefulandnecessarything t odo. Ifcitationshavebeeninsertedintoonedocumentfrommultiplelibraries, allofthenecessarylibrariesmustbeopenedinorderfor EndNote t oformatthepapercorrectly. Note:Readabout t heMergeDuplicatesinBibliography p referenceifyouplantoinsertcitationsfrommorethanonelibrary i ntoa paper. Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Bibliographic S tyles Copying F ormattedReferences Creating O neBibliographyFromSeveralPapers Finding a ndLabelingReferencesUsedinaPaper

Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Modifying R eferencesinYourLibrary Reformatting a Paper The C itationsWindow Working o nDifferentComputers

Finding and Labeling References Used in a Paper

TheCitationMatcheswindowappearswhenyouformatawordprocessing document.Itlistsallofthecitationsfoundinadocument,anddisplays t henumberofmatchingcitationsfoundinthecurrentlyopenlibraries. TheCitationswindow isvisibleintheEndNoteprogramaftertheformatting i sfinished,oriftheformattingprocessiscanceled.(If thereareproblems d uringformatting,consulttheCitationswindow.Thisinformationcan h elpyouresolveproblems.) Double-clickcitationsintheCitationswindow tofindthematching r eferencesinyourEndNotelibrary. Tolocateallofthereferencesinalibrarythatwerecitedinapaper: 1. Afterformattingyourpaper,selectallofthe c itationslistedintheCitationswindowbychoosingSelectAll> f romtheEdit menu. 2. Double-clicktodisplaythelistofreferences i ntheLibrarywindow. Toaddakeywordtoallofthesereferencesforyourownfilingpurposes: 1. SelectChangeFieldfromtheReferencesmenu. 2. SelectKeywords(oranyotherfieldyouwouldlike t ousefromthefieldpopupmenu. 3. Enterthetermorphraseyouwanttousetoidentify t hesereferences,andclickChange. Related Topics: BasicInstructions ( FormatPaper) Bibliographic S tyles Copying F ormattedReferences Creating O neBibliographyFromSeveralPapers Finding E ndNoteReferencesforEditing Formatting w ithMultipleLibraries Modifying R eferencesinYourLibrary Reformatting a Paper The C itationsWindow Working o nDifferentComputers

Working on Different Computers

Ifyouareworkingonapaperondifferentcomputers,besuretokeep acopyofyourreferencelibraryonthesamediskasyour paper.That w ay,youwillalwaysaccessthesamelibrarywheninsertingcitations. I fyouaddreferencestoacopyofthelibraryat homeandtoadifferent v ersionatwork,therecordnumbersmaynotmatch,andEndNotewillbe unabletofindreferenceswhenit scansyourpaper.

Independent Bibliographies
Independent Bibliographies
Theremaybetimeswhenyouwanttocreateabibliographywithoutan a ssociatedpaper.Wecallthisan"independentbibliography" b ecauseEndNotedoesnotgeneratethebibliographybasedoncitations f oundinapaperinstead,thebibliographyis generatedindependently o fapaper. Anyoneoftheprocedures describedinthischaptercanbeusedtocreate a nindependentbibliography.Eachhasitsownadvantages,solookfor t heoptionthatbestsuitsyourneeds: l Drag-and-drop t oinstantlytransferabibliographytoawordprocessingdocument l Copyformatted referencesfromalibraryandpastethemintoawordprocessingdocument l Export r eferencesfromalibraryasRTF,TextOnly,HTML,orXML l Preview a nd/orPrintreferencesfrom E ndNote Styles Determine the Look of the Bibliography Theappearanceofyourindependentbibliographydependsentirelyon w hichEndNotestyleisselectedintheOutputStyles submenuoftheEdit m enu(orthedrop-downstylelistontheMaintoolbar). T hestylesdeterminewhatinformationisincludedinthe bibliography, h owitisarranged,andwhatpunctuationandtextstyles areused. Selectastylethatmeetsyourneedsbeforeexporting,printingorformatting r eferences.Ifyoudonotseethestylethatyouneed intheOutputStyles s ubmenuoftheEditmenu,selectOpenStyleManagerfromtheOutputStyles s ubmenu,andmarkthestyles thatyouneed.Oncethestyles aremarked a s"favorites"intheStyleManager,theywillshowupinyour s tylesmenus.Formore information,seeAdding S tylestotheOutputStyles List.Forinformationaboutmodifying s tyles,seeModifying S tyleTemplates.

Using Drag-and-Drop to Create an Instant Bibliography

"Drag-and-drop" isawayofmovingorcopyingselectedtext (orotheritems)byclickingonthetextanddraggingittoanewlocation. S implyreleasethemousebuttonwhenthecursorisoverthedestination, a ndthetextwilleitherbemovedorcopiedtothe newdestination. Ifyourwordprocessorsupportsdrag-and-drop,youcandragabibliography f romanEndNoteLibrarywindow directlyintoyour paper. Todragyourbibliography: 1. Openyourlibraryandselectthedesiredreferences. 2. SelectthenecessarystylefromtheOutputStyle s ubmenuofEndNotesEditmenu. 3. HolddowntheCtrl k eyasyoudragthereferencesfromthelibraryanddropthemdirectly ontoawordprocessingdocument inthebackground. Thiscreatesafullyformattedbibliographywiththereferencesformatted a ndsortedaccordingtotheselectedstyle.Thefontused forthebibliography i nthiscaseisthe"GeneralDisplayFont."Youcanchangethis f ontbyselectingPreferencesfromtheEndNote Editmenu,selectingDisplayFonts,andselectinganewfontandsize undertheGeneralDisplayFontheading.Alltextstyleinformation(such a sboldanditalic)isretainedifyou"drop"thebibliography i ntoaprogramthatrecognizesRTF ( RichText Format)text. Ifyourwordprocessordoesnotsupportdrag-and-drop,readaboutthe C opyFormattedcommand.

Note:Dragging w iththeCtrl k eypressedtransferstheformattedreferencestothewordprocessing d ocument.Ifyoudonothold downtheCtrl k ey,onlythetemporarycitationistransferred.Usethislattermethod t ocitereferencesinyourpaper. Related Topics: CopyFormatted Exporting R eferences IndependentBibliographies

Copy Formatted
UsetheCopyFormattedcommandtoquicklycreateandcopyabibliography t hatyoucanpasteintoawordprocessingdocument,oranywhereelse. T hereferencesaresortedandformattedaccordingtotherulesofthe s electedstyle. ThefontusedfortheCopyFormattedcommandisthe"GeneralDisplay F ont"whichcanbechangedbyselectingPreferences fromtheEditmenu,selecting D isplayFonts,andselectinganewfontandsizeundertheGeneralDisplay Fontheading.Alltext styleinformation(suchasboldanditalic)is r etainedifyoupasteintoaprogramthatrecognizesRTF(RichTextFormat) o rstyled text. TocopyformattedreferencesfromEndNoteandpastethemintoaword p rocessingdocument: 1. Onthetoolbar,gototheOutputStylelistand s electthenecessarystyle. 2. OpenyourEndNotelibraryandselectthedesired r eferencesintheLibrarywindow. 3. FromtheEditmenu,selectCopyFormatted(Ctrl+K)tocopythereferences t otheClipboard. 4. Openadocumentinyourwordprocessor,putthe c ursorwhereyouwouldlikethereferencestoappear,andselectPaste (Ctrl+V)fromthewordprocessorsEditmenu.

Exporting References
Exporting References
ExportingbibliographiesfromEndNoteiseasyandflexible.Whenyou e xportfromalibrary,EndNotecreatesafileofreferences formatted accordingtothechosenstyle. Youcanexporteitherallofthereferencesinthecurrentreferences list,oronlytheselected(highlighted)referencesinthecurrent list. I fanyreferencesintheLibrarywindowareselected,theEndNoteexport d ialoggivesyoutheoptionofexportingjustthose selectedreferences. ToexportabibliographyfromEndNote: 1. Open t helibraryfromwhichyouwillexport,andshowthereferencesyou w anttoexport. l Toexportallofthereferencesinthelibrary, c licktheAllReferencesgrouporselectShowAllReferencesfrom t heReferencesmenu. l Toexportasubsetofreferences,displaya g rouporusetheSearchLibrary,HideSelectedReferences,orShow S elected References>commandstoshowthesubsetofreferences y ouwanttoinclude.Youcanfurtherlimitthelistofreferences t o exportbyhighlightingjustthosereferencesinthecurrentlist. 2. (Optional) R eferenceswillbeexportedintheorderspecifiedbytheselected o utputstyle.Ifyouwanttochangethesortorder, youmustmodify t heoutputstyle:

l FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,and t henOpenStyleManager. l SelecttheoutputstyleandclickEdit. l Intheleftpanelofthewindow,underBibliography, s electSortOrder. l Changethecurrentsortorderintherightpanel. I fyouwanttoexportreferencesintheorderinwhichtheyarelisted i nthe currentLibrarywindow,selectOrderofappearance. l Closetheoutputstyleandthestylemanager. 3. From t heFilemenu,selectExport. 4. From t heSaveFileasTypelistatthebottomofthedialog,selectthe t ypeoffiletobeexported. 5. From t heOutputstylelistatthebottomofthedialog,selectastyle ( orchooseSelectanotherstyletochoosefromallavailable output s tyles). 6. Select t heExportSelectedReferencesoptionifdesired.Ifyouwanttoexport a llofthereferencesinthecurrentlist,clearthe checkbox. 7. Enter a namefortheexportedfile a ndusetheSave I nlistto s pecifywhereitshouldbesavedandusethetriangle b uttonto allowyoutobrowsetotheappropriatefolderandspecify w herethefileshouldbesaved. Note:TheExport f eaturecreatesanewfile;itdoesnotappendtoanexistingfile.If y ouenterthenameofafilethatalready exists,thatfilewillbeoverwritten. 8. Click S ave.(Itisbesttokeeptheassignedfileextensionsaspartof t heexportedfilename.) 9. Open t heexportedfileinawordprocessortoeditorprintit.Atthis p oint,thefileisjustlikeanyothertextdocument.Youcan change t hefont,margins,linespacing,orotherpagelayoutfeaturesif n ecessary.(Ifyouusethe Open c ommandinyourword processor,makesurethattheopenfiledialog i ssettoshowfileswiththecorrectextension.) IfyouexportedthereferencesinHTMLformat,yourexportedreference l istisreadytobeposteddirectlytoyourwebsite.In yourWeb b rowser,setencodingto"Unicode-UTF 8 toappropriatelydisplayextendedUnicodecharacters. Note:TheExport c ommandexportsonlytext;images arenotincluded.

Supported Formats (Exporting)

UsetheExportcommandtocreate a free-standingbibliographyinanyofthefollowingformats: l Text File TheTextFileexportoptionissuitablefordraftpurposesorexporting r eferencestobeimportedintoanotherdatabase. l RTF (Rich Text Format) TheRTFexportisanidealwaytocreateafree-standingbibliography t hatcanbeeditedorprintedusingawordprocessor. Thisformat c anbeopenedbyallpopularwordprocessorsandpreservesfontand t extstyleinformation. l HTML DocumentsexportedinHTML(HyperText M arkupLanguage)provideaneasywaytopostreferencelistsonthe W orldWide Web. InyourWebbrowser,setencodingto"Unicode-UTF8"toappropriatelydisplayextendedUnicodecharactersintheexported document.

l XML TheXMLoptionexportsinaproprietaryEndNoteXMLformat. Note:TheExport c ommandexportsonlytext;images arenotincluded.However,ifyouimport t hereferencesbackintoanEndNotelibrary,youcanrestoreimages by c opyingthefigurefilesfromtheoriginallibrarys.DATAfolderinto t he.DATAfolderfor thenewlibrary. Related Topics: CopyFormatted Exporting R eferences Including N otes,Abstracts,andOtherInformation Independent B ibliographies Using D rag-and-DroptoCreateanInstantBibliography

Printing and Previewing References

Printing and Previewing References
ToprintreferencesdirectlyfromEndNote,gototheFilemenu, a ndthenselectPrint (Ctrl+P)tosendacopyto y ourprinter.Or, selectPrintPreviewtoformatreferencesonscreen. T hesearequickwaystoviewyourformattedreferencesonpaperor onscreennospecialpagelayoutoptionsareprovided.Typicalusesmight i ncludetryingoutvariousoutputstyles,printingalist ofreferencesto t aketothelibrarywithyou,printingyournotes,orgeneratinga c ompleteprintoutofthereferencesinanEndNote library.

Important Points (Printing)

Thecurrentlyactive(topmost)windowaffectswhichreferencesareprinted w iththePrintcommand: l IfaLibrarywindowisdisplayed,youcanprint e ithertheselected(highlighted)referencesorallreferencesshowing i nthe list. l Ifanindividualreferenceisopenforviewing, E ndNoteprintsonlythatspecificreferenceasdisplayedonthescreen w ith fieldlabels.Nooutputstyleisapplied. l TheSortReferencescommandunselects a nyselectedreferences,sousetheShowSelectedReferencescommand i fnecessarybeforesortingtoretainthesubsetofreferencesyou s elected. Inadditiontotheselectedstyle,theappearanceoftheprintedreferences i sdeterminedbythefollowingitems: l Referenceswillbeprintedintheorderspecified b ytheselectedoutputstyle.Ifyouwanttochangethesortorder, y oumust modifytheoutputstyle.Ifyouwanttoexportreferences i ntheorderinwhichtheyarelistedinthecurrentLibrarywindow, changetheoutputstyle'ssortordersettingtoOrderofappearance. l Eachprintedpagehas1-inchmargins,left-justified t ext,andaheaderthatdisplaysthelibrarynameintheupperleft c orner andthepagenumberintheupperrightcorner.Thereareno optionstocustomizethemargins,headersorfooters o fthe printouts.Useoneoftheotheroptionsforcreatinganindependent b ibliographyifyouneedtomodifytheseaspectsofyour printout. l Thefontandsizeoftheprintedreferences a redeterminedbytheGeneralDisplayFont,ifthatfontisaTrue T ypefont; otherwiseafontsubstitutionwillbemade.SelectPreferences f romtheEdit m enu,andclicktheDisplay Fontsoptionto changethefontandsizeifnecessary. T hedouble"T"totheleftofthefontnameindicatesa TrueTypefont.

l Select P ageSetup f romtheFilemenutospecifyotherprintingoptionsincludingthe papersizeandpageorientation.Page setupoptionsvarydepending o ntheprinterused. Related Topics: Previewing R eferences Printing a ndPreviewingReferences Printing I nstructions

Printing Instructions
ToprintalistofreferencesdirectlyfromEndNote: 1. Make s urethatallofthereferencesyouwanttoprintareeitherselected (highlighted)orshowingintheLibrarywindow. 2. From EndNotesEditmenu,gototheOutputStylessubmenuandselecta s tyle(orusethestylemenuontheLibraryMain toolbar). 3. (Optional) R eferenceswillbeprintedintheorderspecifiedbytheselected o utputstyle.Ifyouwanttochangethesort order,youmustmodify t heoutputstyle: a. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,and t henOpenStyleManager. b. SelecttheoutputstyleandclickEdit. c. Intheleftpanelofthewindow,underBibliography, s electSortOrder. d. Changethecurrentsortorderintherightpanel. I fyouwanttoprintreferencesintheorderinwhichtheyare listed i nthecurrentLibrarywindow,selectOrderofappearance. e. Closetheoutputstyleandthestylemanager. 4. FromtheFilemenu,selectPrint (Ctrl+P). Intheprintdialog,specifythenumberofcopiesandtherangeof pagestoprint.Bydefault,EndNoteprintsonlytheselectedreferences. ToprintallofthereferencesshowingintheLibrarywindow,change theprintrangeoptiontoAll.turn the"Print SelectedReferences"optionoff. Dependingonyourprintersoftware,youmightneedtoselectEndNote X6fromthepopuplist inthedialoginordertoseethe"Print SelectedReferences"option.Ifnoreferencesareselected,this optionisnotavailable. 5. ClickPrinttoprintthereferences. Related Topics: ImportantPoints ( Printing) Previewing R eferences Printing O nlytheNotes

Previewing References
Topreviewalistofreferencesonscreen: 1. Make s urethatthereferencesyouwanttoprintarelistedintheLibrary w indow. YoucanselectindividualreferencesandthenselectShowSelected R eferencesfromtheReferencesmenu.

2. Ifyou w ouldliketofurtherlimitthereferencestoprint,select(highlight) t hosereferences. 3. FromEndNotesEditmenu,gototheOutputStylessubmenuandselecta s tyle(orusethestylemenuontheMaintool bar). 4. (Optional) R eferenceswillbedisplayedintheorderspecifiedbytheselected o utputstyle.Ifyouwanttochangethesort order,youmustmodify t heoutputstyle: l FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,and t henOpenStyleManager. l SelecttheoutputstyleandclickEdit. l Intheleftpanelofthewindow,underBibliography, s electSortOrder. l Changethecurrentsortorderintherightpanel. I fyouwanttoprintreferencesintheorderinwhichtheyare listed i nthecurrentLibrarywindow,selectOrderofappearance. l Closetheoutputstyleandthestylemanager. 5. From theFilemenu,selectPrintPreview. Fromtheonscreenpreview,youcanclickPrint t osendacopytoyourprinter. Related Topics: ImportantPoints ( Printing) Including N otes,Abstracts,andOtherInformationinaReferenceList Independent B ibliographies Printing a ndPreviewingReferences Printing I nstructions Printing O nlytheNotes

Including Notes, Abstracts, Etc.

Including Notes, Abstracts, and Other Information in a Reference List
MostofthestylesincludedwithEndNoteproducestandardbibliographies w ithoutincludingadditionalinformationsuchasnotes orabstracts.Two o fEndNote'sstandardstyles aretheAnnotatedstyleandtheShowAll F ieldsstyle.TheAnnotatedstyle includestheAbstractfieldaftereach r eference,andtheShowAllFieldsstylelistsallofthefieldnames a ndtheinformationfound inthosefields foreachreference. SeeModifying S tyleTemplatesforinformationabouteditingandcreatingstyles. T hesearetwoexamplesofcommonwaysyou mightwanttoeditstylesfor y ourprintoutsorforstand-alonebibliographies:Creating A nnotatedBibliographiesandPrinting O nly theNotes. Related Topics: Creating A nnotatedBibliographies ImportantPoints ( Printing) Printing I nstructions Printing O nlytheNotes

Creating Annotated Bibliographies

Tocreateabibliographythatincludesabstracts,youcanusetheAnnotated s tyleincludedwithEndNote.TheAnnotatedstyleis basedontheAuthor-Date s tyle,andcreatesanalphabeticallistingofthereferences(byauthor), w iththeabstractappendedto eachreference.Youcanmodifyanyother s tyletoincludetheNotesorAbstractfieldaswell. Forthisexample,wemodifytheNumberedstyletoincludetheAbstract f ield. 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,andthen s electOpenStyleManager. 2. SelectastylefromthelistintheStyleManager w indow,andclicktheEditbutton.TheStylewindowopens. 3. SelectLayoutfromtheoptionsundertheBibliography h eadingandclickinthetextboxunderthe"Endeachreference w ith" heading.Textorfieldsinsertedintothissectionappear a ttheendofeachreferenceinthebibliography. 4. Toinserttheabstractsonanewlineaftereach r eference:selectEndofParagraphfrom t heInsertFieldlist,andthen selectAbstractfromthesamelist. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAsandgivethe s tyleanewname,butkeepthe".ENS extension. ThisannotatedversionofthestylewillappearintheOutputStyles s ubmenuoftheEditmenu(andinthestylesmenuonthe Main toolbar). I fyouformatapaper,print,orexportreferencesusingthisstyle,the abstractsareincludedinthebibliography.

Printing Only the Notes

Toprintonlythenotesforeachreference,createanewstylethat i ncludesonlytheNotesfield. Tocreateastylethatprintsonlynotes: 1. FromtheEditmenuselectOutputStyles,andthen s electNewStyle. 2. ClicktheTemplatespanelundertheBibliography h eading. 3. ClickintheGenerictemplateandselectNotes f romtheInsertFieldlist.PresstheEnterkey t oaddablanklineafterthe notesforeachreference. 4. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Nameandsave t hestyle.YoushouldnowseethisnewstyleintheOutputStyles s ubmenuoftheEditmenu. 5. Closethestylebyclickingtheclosebutton. SelectthisstylewheneveryouwanttoprintorexportonlytheNotes f romyourreferences.Thisstyleisalsousefultopreviewjust thenotes onthePreviewtaboftheLibrarywindow. Related Topics: ImportantPoints ( Printing) Previewing R eferences Printing I nstructions

Subject Bibliographies and Subject Lists

Overview of Subject Bibliographies
Youcancreatesubjectbibliographies a ndsubjectlists. Subject List Archaeology Astronomy Biology Geochemistry Geology Hydrology Subject Bibliography Archaeology Parker,F.andB. Astronomy Lowman, P .D., Subject List Example Ageneralbibliographyisacontinuouslistingofcitationsinaparticular o rder.Asubjectbibliographyismadeupofsmallerlistings, eachappearing underadistinctheading.Despitethename,asubjectbibliography(or a subjectlist)canbebasedonanyEndNote fieldorcombinationoffields. Subjectbibliographieshavediverseuses,including:generating l istsofjournalabstracts;currentawarenesslists;subject indexes; o rlistsofholdingsbycategory.Typicalsubjectbibliographyheadings a rebyKeyword,Author,JournalTitle,orCall Number. Youcanprintentirebibliographiccitations,informationfromoneor morefields,recordIDs,ornothingatallunder e achheading. Related Topics: Printing a SubjectBibliography Printing a SubjectList Subject B ibliographySettings

Printing a Subject Bibliography

Toprintasubjectbibliography: 1. InthecurrentLibrarywindow,showonly t hereferencesyouwishtoincludeinasubjectbibliography. l FromtheReferencesmenu,selectShowAllReferences t oincludeallreferencesinthesubjectbibliography. l ClickonaGroupnametodisplayonlythereferences i naspecificgroup. l FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibraryto f indasubsetofreferencesforyoursubjectbibliography. l Highlightindividualreferencesandthenuse t heShowSelectedReferencescommandtolistthosereferencesfor t hesubjectbibliography. 2. Clickinthereferencelisttomakeittheactive p anel. 3. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSubjectBibliography t odisplayalistoftheEndNotefieldsbydefaultfieldname. 4. Highlightthefield(s)whosecontents y ouwishtouseassubjectheadings. l ThemostcommonselectionisthesingleKeywords f ieldtocreateasubjectbibliography. l Youcanincludeanynumberoffields.Ifyou b uildthelistofheadingsfrommorethanonefield,thesubjectheadings

generatedfromthesefieldsarecombinedintoasinglelist. l Ifyoumixdatefieldswithotherfields,dates w illsortbeforealphabeticsubjectheadings. l Toquicklyselectallfieldsorclearallfields, u sethebuttonsontherightsideofthedialog.Youcan c lickonindividualfields toselectordeselect t hem. 5. Selectthecheckboxesasneededtodeterminewhether a nentirefieldisusedasaheading,orwhetherafieldshouldbe splitintomultipleheadings. l "Listeachauthorseparately",when c hecked,willlisteachauthornameasaseparateheading.Ifnot c hecked,allauthors fromasinglefieldwillappearasasingleheading. l "Inotherfields,listeachentrythat i sseparatedbyslash,carriagereturn,orlinefeed",whenchecked, s eparatesanynonauthorfieldintomultiplesubjectheadings. l TermsintheKeywordsfieldarealwayslisted asseparateheadings. 6. ClickOKtodisplaythetermsfoundinthefields y ouselected. 7. Selectthosetermsyouwishtoincludeassubject h eadings. l Toquicklyselectalltermsorclearallterms, u sethebuttonstotherightofthedialog. l Youmaywanttoselectalltermsandthen c licktodeselectthefewtermsyoudonotwantincluded. 8. ClickOKtoformatthesubjectbibliographyon t hescreen. Ifyouwanttomodifythetermselectionsyoujustset,toeitheradd o rremovetermsfromtheselectedfield(s), c lickonthe Termsbutton. Note: S ubjectheadingsprintastheyappearinyourrecords.Nospecialformatting o fauthornamesandnojournaltitlesubstitutionisapplied. 9. ClickontheLayoutbuttontomodify thelayout a ndstyleofyoursubjectbibliography.Verifythesettingsonthe References,Terms, P ageLayout,andBibliography L ayouttabs,particularlytheseitemsontheReferencestab: l OutputStyle,whichdeterminesthebibliographic s tyleusedtoformateachreference. l ReferenceListTitle,whichprintsatthetop ofthebibliography l ReferenceListOrder,whichdeterminestheorder o freferencesundereachsubjectheading UsetheTerms t abtosetoptionsspecificallyforsubjectheadings.Forasubjectbibliography, i tisimportanttoselecttheSubjectTermsandReferenceListitem. ClickOKtosavechangesto a lloftheLayouttabs. 10. Onceyoursubjectbibliographyissetuptheway y ouwantit,youcandooneofthese: l DisplayaformattedpageviewbyclickingPrint P review. l PrinttoyourprinterbyclickingthePrint b utton.APrintdialogwillappear.VerifysettingsandclickOKor P rint. l Printtoadiskfile(Text,RTF,orHTML)by c lickingtheSave b utton.Adialogappearsforyoutonamethefile.Selectthe file t ype,nameandplacethefile,andclickSave.

Note: I nyourWebbrowser,setencodingto"Unicode-UTF8toappropriatelydisplayextendedUnicodecharacters i nan exportedHTMLdocument. 11. ClosetheSubjectBibliographywindowwhenyou a redoneviewingit.

Printing a Subject List

Asubjectlistisasortedlistofuniqueterms(wordsorphrases)that o ccurinparticularfieldsoftherecordsyouchoose.Youcan baseasubject listonanyEndNotefieldorcombinationoffields. Toprintasubjectlist: 1. DeterminewhichreferencesyouwantEndNoteto u sewhenbuildingthesubjectlist,anddisplayonlythosereferences i n theLibrarywindow. l FromtheReferencesmenu,selectShowAllReferences t oincludeallreferencesinthesubjectlist. l ClickonaGroupnametodisplayonlythereferences i naspecificgroup. l FromtheToolsmenu,selectSearchLibraryto f indasubsetofreferencesforyoursubjectlist. l Highlightindividualreferencesandthenuse t heShowSelectedReferencescommandtolistthosereferencesfor t hesubjectlist. 2. ClickintheReferencelisttomakeittheactive p anel. 3. FromtheToolsmenu,selectSubjectBibliography. ASubjectFieldsdialogappears,listingtheEndNotefieldsbydefault fieldname. 4. Highlightthefield(s) w hosecontentsyouwishtouseassubjectheadings. l Youcanincludeanynumberoffields. l Ifyoubuildthelistfrommorethanonefield, t hetermsgeneratedfromthefieldsarecombinedintoasinglelist. l Toquicklyselectallfieldsorclearallfields, u sethebuttonstotherightofthedialog. l Clickonindividualfieldstoselectordeselect t hem. 5. Selectthecheckboxesasneededtodeterminewhether a nentirefieldisusedasaterm,orwhetherafieldshouldbesplit intomultipleterms. l "Listeachauthorseparately",when c hecked,willlisteachauthornameasaseparateentry.Ifnotchecked, a llauthors fromasinglefieldwillappearasasingleentry. l "Inotherfields,listeachentrythat i sseparatedbyslash,carriagereturn,orlinefeed",whenchecked, s eparatesanynonauthorfieldintomultipleentries. l TermsintheKeywordsfieldarealwayslisted asseparateentries. 6. ClickOKtodisplaythetermsfoundinthefield(s)youselected. 7. Selectthetermsyouwantinthesubjectlist. l Toquicklyselectalltermsorclearallterms, u sethebuttonsontherightsideofthedialog. l Youmaywanttoselectalltermsandthen c licktodeselectthefewtermsyoudonotwantincluded.

8. ClickOKtodisplayyoursubjectlist.Ifthewindow d oesnotdisplayasimplelistofterms,youmustmodifysettings o nthe ConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogasdescribednext. 9. ClicktheLayoutbuttontodisplaytheConfigure S ubjectBibliographydialog. 10. OntheReferences t ab,enteraReferenceListTitle,whichwillprintatthetopof t helist. Whenyouprintasubjectlist,theothersettingsontheReference L isttabaresimplyignored.Theoutputstyleisignored becauseyou a renotprintingformattedreferences,andthesortordersethere a ppliesonlytoformattedreferences.The sortorderoftermsisset o ntheTermstab. 11. OntheTermstab: l ReferenceListmustbesettoSubjectTerms O nly. l IncludemayincludeSubjectTermCountsand/or a ListofRecordIDsifyouwish. l SubjectTermLayoutcanbesettoprintterms inAlphabeticalorTermCountorderandinAscendingorDescending o rder. l DonotincludeaPrefix,andincludeacaret-p(^p)asaSuffixsoeachtermprintsasa n ewparagraphonanewline. l ApplyStylesasyouwish.However,ifyouprint t oatextfileallstylesarestripped. 12. ClickonthePage L ayouttabifyouwishtochangethefont,size,orpagemargins. Note: T heBibliographyLayouttabappliestosubjectbibliographiesonly,and d oesnotaffectasimplesubjectlist. 13. ClickOKtosavechangestothedialogandupdate t helistintheSubjectBibliographywindow. Ifthewindowstilldoesnotshowthelist y ouneed,youcanclickontheTermsbuttontoselectordeselect t ermsfromthe selectedfield(s)orclickLayoutagaintomakemorechangestotheConfigureSubjectBibliographydialog. 14. View,printordismissthelist: l ClickPrintPreviewtoseeapagelayoutview ofthebibliography. l ClickPrinttoprinttoaprinter.ThePrint d ialogappears.VerifysettingsandclickOKorPrint. l ClickSave t oprinttoadiskfile.Afiledialogappearsforyoutonamethe f ile.Selectthefiletype(text,RTF,orHTML), namethefile,and c lickSave. l ClickClosetodismisstheSubjectBibliography w indowandreturntoyourrecordlist. Note:Termsare printedastheyappearinyourrecords.Nospecialformattingofauthor n amesandnojournalabbreviationsare applied.

Subject Bibliography Settings

Subject Bibliography Settings
Toaccesssubjectbibliographysettings,firstgenerateasubjectbibliography f romtheToolsmenu.Oncethesubjectbibliography orsubjectlistis d isplayed,aLayoutbuttonbecomesavailable.WhenyouclicktheLayout b utton,thesetabsareavailable: l TheReferencesTab l TheTermsTab

l ThePageLayoutTab l TheBibliographyLayoutTab Note:Somesubject b ibliographysettingsareupdatedfromthecurrentoutputstyle,sochanges y oumakearenotsavedfor futuresubjectbibliographies. Ifyouhave s pecialsettingsthatyouwanttoalwaysuseforsubjectbibliographies, i tmaybeeasier tocopyandmodifyanoutputstylespecificallyforgenerating s ubjectbibliographies.

The References Tab

WhenyouselectSubjectBibliographyfromtheToolsmenutoformata s ubjectbibliographyorsubjectlist,aLayoutbuttonisavailableto d isplayaConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogandchangesettings.This t opicdescribestheReferencestabavailableon thatdialog. Output Style:Usethedrop-down l isttoselectanoutputstylefromthelistortoSelectAnotherStyle t hatdoesnotcurrently appearinthelist. IfyouopttoSelectAnotherStyle,EndNotewilldisplaytheChoose a Stylewindow,whereyoucanchoosefromover4,500output styles.UsetheFindby b uttontonarrowthelistofoutputstyles bydiscipline. S electastyleinthelistandclickChoose. Note:EndNoteincludes m orethan4,500individual b ibliographicstyles.Bydefault,onlythemostpopularstylesare s toredas individualfilesintheStylesfolderinyourEndNotefolder. T oinstalladditionalstyles,seeInstalling A dditionalOutputStyles. Theoutputstyleisusedtoformatthereferencesinasubjectbibliography. T hissettingisignoredforasubjectlist. Reference List Title:Type a titleinthetextboxtoprintatthetopofyoursubjectlistorsubject b ibliography.Toapplycharacter stylestotheReferenceListTitle,select t hetextandusekeyboardshortcuts. Bold Italics Underlining Ctrl+B Ctrl+I Ctrl+U

Bibliography Sort Order:Click onabuttontoselectthesortorderyouwishtousefortheformatted r eferencesprintedunder eachsubjectheadinginasubjectbibliography. T hissettingisignoredforasubjectlist. Related Topics: TheBibliography L ayoutTab ThePage L ayoutTab TheTermsTab

The Terms Tab

WhenyouselectSubjectBibliographyfromtheToolsmenutoformata s ubjectbibliographyorsubjectlist,aLayoutbuttonisavailableto d isplayaConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogandchangesettings.This t opicdescribestheTermstabavailableonthat dialog. Selecting a Subject List or Subject Bibliography IntheReferenceListareaoftheTermstab,selectoneofthetworadio b uttons:

l Subject T ermsOnlyprintseachuniquesubjectterm.ItdoesNOTprint f ormattedreferencesbeloweachterm. l Subject T ermsandReferenceListprints eachsubjecttermwithrelated r eferenceslistedbelowit. Note:Theoptions o nthistabaresavedforthissubjectbibliographysessionandforfuture s essions,untilyouchangethem again.So,ifyougeneratealistofSubject T ermsOnly,thenexttimeyouselectSubjectBibliography,youwillproduce a simple subjectlistagain.Toincludeformattedreferences,clickthe L ayoutbuttonandtheTermstabtoselectSubjectTermsandReference L ist. Whenprintingsubjecttermswithreferencelists,EndNotetypically p rintseachuniquesubjectheadingonlyoncewiththerelated references l istedbelow.YoucanselecttheRepeatingSubjectTermsboxtoprint a subjecttermbeforeeachformattedreference. Forexample: American Museum of Natural History 1. Personalities in Paleontology. 2002, American Museum of Natural History. Antarctica 2. Quilty, Antarctica 3. Whitney, J.R.,

SelecttheRecyclingReferenceNumbersboxtorestartreferencenumbering f oreachsubjectheading.Forexample: Recycling Reference Numbers Heading Number One 1.Firstformattedreference 2.Secondformattedreference Heading Number Two 1.Firstformattedreference 2.Secondformattedreference Continuous Reference Numbers Heading Number One 1.Firstformattedreference 2.Secondformattedreference Heading Number Two 3.Firstformattedreference 4.Secondformattedreference

Including Subject Term Counts or Record IDs IntheIncludeareaoftheTermstabyoucancheckaboxtoinclude, f ortherecordsselectedforoutput: l Subject Term Countsprints anumber nexttothesubjecttermtoindicatehowmanyrecordscontainthe t erm.Forexample: Evolution(1) Excavation(4) Extinction(12) SubjectTermCountsalways printonthesamelineasthesubjectterm, s urroundedbyparentheses,andseparatedfromtheterm bythreespaces.

l List of Record IDs p rints therecordIDsoftherecordsthat c ontaintheterm.Youcanprintthelistofrecord Excavation34,33,6,48 Extinction34,46,6,48,96,98,10,125, 1 32,148,162, 11 or Excavation 34,33,6,48 Extinction 34,46,6,48, 96,98,10,125,132,148,162,11 Whenyouprinttheseitemsonthesamelineastheterm,theyarealways s eparatedbythreespaces.Thatway,youcansavetoa wordprocessor f ile,replacethethreespaces byatabcharacter,andconvertthetext t oatable,usingthetabasaseparator.You canprintbothtermcounts a ndrecordIDs: Excavation(4) 34,33,6,48 Extinction(12) 34,46,6,48, 96,98,10,125,132,148,162,11 Sorting the Subject Terms Youhavefouroptionsfororderingyoursubjectterms: l By Term - Alphabeticalsortssubject t ermsbyDatefordatefields,andthenalphanumericorder(1-9,A-Z)forallotherfields. l By Term - Inverse Alphabeticalsimply r eversestheByTerm-Alphabeticalorder(Z-A,9-1,Dates). l By Term Count - Ascendinglists t ermsbasedonhowoftentheyappearinrecords.Forexample,aterm t hatappearsinonly onereferencewoulddisplayatthetopofthe list,whereasatermusedin20referenceswouldappearfurtherdown inthelist. l By Term Count - Descendingreverses t heByTermCount-Ascendingorder,sothemost-usedtermsarelisted f irst. Note:Thissort o rdersettingaffectssubjectheadingsonly.Ifyouwanttochangethe o rderofthereferencesprintedbeloweach heading,dosoontheReferences t aboftheConfigureSubjectBibliographydialog. Inserting Space or Text Around Subject Terms Usethe"Prefix"and"Suffix"textboxestoprint t extorpunctuationbeforeoraftereachsubjectterm. Eachtermmayincludeasubjecttermcountand/oralistofrecordIDs.Theorderofoutputis: TextBefore|SubjectTerm|SubjectTermCount| ListofRecordIDs|TextAfter|ReferenceList Youcanusethesespecialformattingcodesinthetextboxes: Special Formatting Codes NewParagraph: NewLine: ^P ^L

Tab: Bold: Italics: Underlining:

^T Ctrl+B Ctrl+I Ctrl+U

Bydefault,thePrefixboxcontains"^p"andtheSuffix box c ontains"^p^pinordertoleave b lanklinesbetweeneachsubjectheadingandthefirstcitationlisted b elowit. WhenyouprintSubjectTermsOnly,youwillprobablywanttoprintonly a single"^p"aftereachterm,soeachsubjecttermbegins on a newlinewithnoblanklinesbetweenthem. Applying Styles IntheStylesareaoftheTermstab,checktheappropriateboxesto s eparatelyapplystylestoSubjectTerms,SubjectTerm Counts,andthe ListofRecordIDs.Youcancombinestylesin a nyway,suchas: Antarctica(2)144, 12 1. Quilty, Cycleryon. Journal of Paleontology, 2000. 62(4): p. 619. 2. Whitney, J.R.,Evidence for Triceratops in Antarctica, in New Directions in Paleontology, Applystylestobibliographicreferencesbymodifyingtheoutputstyle. Ifyousaveyourlisttoatextfile,allstyleswillbestripped. Related Topics: TheBibliography L ayoutTab ThePage L ayoutTab TheReferences Tab

The Page Layout Tab

WhenyouselectSubjectBibliographyfromtheToolsmenutoformata s ubjectbibliographyorsubjectlist,aLayoutbuttonisavailableto d isplayaConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogandchangesettings.This t opicdescribesthePageLayouttabavailable onthatdialog. Select the Default Font and Size: U sethedrop-downliststoselectadefaultfontandsizeforyoursubject h eadingsorsubject terms.Fontandsizeforbibliographicreferences aresetintheoutputstyle. Set Margins:Enteryourpage m arginsininches. Position Page Numbers :Usethe c heckboxestodeterminewhetheryourpagesarenumberedandwhetherto s uppressthefirst pagenumber.Usethedrop-downliststodeterminelocation a ndalignmentofpagenumbers. Related Topics: TheBibliography L ayoutTab TheReferences Tab TheTermsTab

The Bibliography Layout Tab

WhenyouselectSubjectBibliographyfromtheToolsmenutoformata s ubjectbibliographyorsubjectlist,aLayoutbuttonisavailableto d isplayaConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogandchangesettings.This t opicdescribestheBibliographyLayouttab availableonthatdialog. TheoptionsavailableontheBibliographyLayouttabaffectonlythe b ibliographicreferencesprintedinasubjectbibliography. Thesesettings arenotusedwhenyouprintasimplesubjectlist. Note:Whenyou s electanoutputstyle,thesettingsonthistabchangetoreflectthe s ettingsfoundintheoutputstyle.Youcan overridethosesettingsfor t hissession,butchangestothistabarenotsavedafteryouclosethe s ubjectbibliographywindow.If youwanttomakethechangespermanent, edittheoutputstyle.Youcanmakeacopyoftheoutputstyletoedit s pecificallyfor subjectbibliographies.

Starting and Ending Each Reference with a Special Character or Text

Usethe"Starteachreferencewith"andthe"Endeach r eferencewith"textboxestoenterfields,text,orpunctuation t oprint beforeandaftereveryformattedreference. Simplyclickinoneofthetextboxesandtypetext.Youcanusethe I nsertFieldbuttontoentercontrolcharactersorfieldsofinformation a sdescribedbelow. l Use o neoftheInsertFieldbuttonstoinsertthesecontrolcharacters i natextbox: End of Paragraph i nsertsaparagraphmarker,whichmovesthefollowingtexttothenext l ine. Tab i nsertsatabcharacter.Thespacingfortabsisdeterminedbytheruler s ettingsinyourwordprocessor. Forced Separation i nsertsaverticalbar.Useverticalbarstoattachpunctuationtoaspecific f ield,sothatifthefieldis emptythepunctuationwillnotprint. Forexample,toincludethetext"Note: "beforethenotefield,firstinsertaverticalbar,typethetext " Note:",insertthe Notesfield,theninsertanothervertical b ar.Your"Notes:"textwillprintonlywhenaNotesfield c ontainsinformation,and notwhenitisempty. Link Adjacent Textkeepstexttogethersothatitwillnotbebrokenbetween l inesorpages. Singular/Plural c hangesbetweenthesingularandpluralversionofaword,suchaseditor v ersuseditors. l Enter t hesefieldsofinformationinthe"Starteachreferencewith" b oxbyclickingtheInsertFieldbuttonandselectingthefield name: Reference TypeprintstheReferenceType(suchasJournalArticleorBook) ofeachreference. Label p rintsthelabelfieldfromeachreference. Citation p rints thein-textcitationformofeachreference. Bibliography Numberprints thesequentialnumberassignedtothereferencein t hesortedlistbeloweachheading. Record Number p rintstheuniqueEndNoterecordnumberfromeachreference. l Enter t hesefieldsofinformationinthe"Endeachreferencewith" b oxbyclickingtheInsertFieldbuttonandselectingthefield name: Label p rintstheLabelfieldfromeachreference. Keywords p rints theentireKeywordsfieldforeachreference.

Abstract p rints theAbstractfieldfromeachreference. Notes p rintstheNotesfieldfromeachreference. Record Number p rintstheuniqueEndNoterecordnumberfromeachreference.

Setting a Hanging Indent

Usethedrop-downlisttoapplyahangingindenttoparagraphsineach f ormattedreference.

Numbering References
Enterastartingreferencenumberforbibliographicreferencesprinting b eloweachheading.Thissettingisignoredifreferencenumberingis notappliedfromthecurrentoutputstyle. Related Topics: ThePage L ayoutTab TheReferences Tab TheTermsTab

Examples of Subject Bibliographies

Using Author Names as Subject Headings
Thisexampleusesauthornamesassubjectheadings.The"Listeach a uthorseparately"boxwascheckedontheSubjectFields dialog, s othatsingleauthornamesareusedforheadingsratherthanentireauthor f ields.Uppercasingwasappliedtothe S ubject Terms. BAKER, V.R. 1. V. R. Baker, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 100, 1157 (1988). BARLOW, CONNIE 2. C. Natural History110, 62 (Sept., 2001). BARNES, 3. C. R.Geological Magazine 125, 381 (1988).

Related Topics: Using C allNumbersasSubjectHeadings Using K eywordsasSubjectHeadings

Using Keywords as Subject Headings

Thisexampleuseskeywordsassubjectheadings,andrestartsreference n umberingaftereachsubjectheading.Youwouldselect RecycleNumbering i ntheConfigureSubjectBibliographydialogontheTerms t ab.ThestartingreferencenumberissetontheBibliography Layouttab. Geochemistry

1. J. A.Dissertation Abstracts International, 61, 2957 (2000). 2. C. Bulletin , 37, 142 (June, 2000). Geology 1. S. A. Lebedev, Ph.D., Princeton University (2000).

Related Topics: Using A uthorNamesasSubjectHeadings Using C allNumbersasSubjectHeadings

Using Call Numbers as Subject Headings

Youcancreateatwo-columnoutputwithCallNumbers,suchas: DL312 Forbes, C. S. (1860). Iceland:Its volcanoes, geysers, and glaciers. London, J. Murray.

Tocreateatwo-columnoutput: 1. Inthe S ubjectFields dialog,selecttheCallNumberfield. 2. Select a noutputstylethatdoesnotnumbercitations. 3. Onthe L ayout/Termstab: l SelectSubjectTermsandReferenceListwith R epeatingSubjectTerms. l DonotincludeSubjectTermCountsoralist o fRecordIDs. l Insertatabbetweeneachsubjectheadingand referencewiththeSuffixbox(insert^t). 4. Save t hesubjectbibliographytoawordprocessorfile. 5. With y ourwordprocessor,converttheoutputtoatwo-columntable,sort b ythefirstcolumn,adjustthecolumnwidths,and reformattheparagraph s tyle. Related Topics: Using A uthorNamesasSubjectHeadings Using K eywordsasSubjectHeadings

Reference Types
About Reference Types
YourEndNotelibrarycancontainreferencesfromavarietyofdifferent s ources,suchasbooks,journalarticles,andnewspaper articles.Wecall t hesedifferentsourcesreferencetypes. E ndNoteprovidesbuilt-informsfortheseandothercommonreference types. Inadditiontoanall-encompassingGeneric r eferencetype,EndNotehasthreeUnusedand47pre-definedreference t ypes: l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l AggregatedDatabase AncientText Artwork AudiovisualMaterial Bill Blog Book BookSection Case Catalog ChartorTable ClassicalWork ComputerProgram ConferencePaper ConferenceProceedings Dataset Dictionary EditedBook ElectronicArticle ElectronicBook ElectronicBookSection Encyclopedia Equation Figure FilmorBroadcast GovernmentDocument Grant Hearing JournalArticle LegalRuleorRegulation MagazineArticle Manuscript Map Music NewspaperArticle OnlineDatabase OnlineMultimedia Pamphlet Patent PersonalCommunication Report Serial

l l l l l

Standard Statute Thesis UnpublishedWork WebPage

SeetheList o fReferenceTypes.

Important Points About Reference Types

l Youcanassignaparticularreferencetypeto e achreferenceenteredintoyourlibrary. l TheReferenceTypespreference,accessiblethrough E ndNotesPreferences,determineswhichfieldsareavailablefor each ofthedifferentreferencetypes. l TheReferenceTypespreferenceallowsupto 4 8differenttypesofreferences,eachcapableofsupportingupto 5 4fields (includingthenameofthereferencetype). l Ofthe48referencetypes,allbuttheGeneric t ypecanbemodified. l UsetheReferenceTypespreferencetoadd,delete, orrenamefields.Youcanalsoaddorhidecompletereferencetypes. l ThelayoutoftheGenericreferencetypeshould b eusedasaguidewhenmodifyingorcreatingreferencetypes.Rows reservedforAuthorsshouldbeusedonlyfornames. l ChangesmadetotheReferenceTypes preference a pplytoalllibrariesopenedunderthecurrentuseraccount. l Ifyoumoveyourlibrarytoadifferentcomputer, y ourreferenceswillfollowthelayoutoftheReferenceTypespreference f or thecurrentuseraccountonthatcomputer,unlessyoualsotransfer a copyofyourreferencetypetable.SeeSharing Y our ReferenceTypeTable. l "DonotenterreferencedataintotheReference T ypespreference".Thisdialogisdesignedtostorejustthe n amesofthe referencefields. l WhenyouuseCiteWhileYouWritetoinsert f iguresinMicrosoftWord,figuresfoundintheChartorTablereference t ype areinsertedastables.Figuresfoundinanyotherreference t ypeinEndNotewillformatasfiguresinWord.

Reference Types and Data Entry

ThechosenreferencetypespecifieswhichfieldsappearintheReference w indow.Forinstance,anEndNotejournalarticlereferenceincludesthe f ields "Journal,""Volume,"and"Issue," w hileabookreferenceincludesfieldssuchas"Publisher"and " City." TheReferencewindow onlydisplaysthefieldsthatare relevanttothechosenreferencetype. Itisbesttoselectthereference t ypebeforeenteringthebibliographicinformationinareference.However, y oucanchangethereferencetypeofareferenceatanytimeusingthe R eferenceTypelistatthetopoftheReferencewindow.

Relationship Between Reference Types and Styles, Filters, and Connections

Styles,filters,andconnectionfiles c anincludetemplatesforallofthedifferentreferencetypes.Thisenables v arioustypesofreferencestobeformatteddifferentlyinabibliography o rimporteddifferently,asnecessary. Thereferencetypesandfieldsavailabletoyouwheneditingastyle, f ilter,orconnectionfiledependonhowthereferencetypes areconfigured intheReferenceTypespreference.Thesefilesupdateautomaticallyto r eflectchangesmadeintheReference Typespreference(suchaschanging t henameofafield).

Setting a Default Reference Type

Bydefault,theJournalArticlereferencetypeappearswhenyouinsert a newreference.Whileyoucanchangetheassignedreferencetypeduring d ataentry,youmaywanttochangethedefaultsetting Tochangethedefaultreferencetypesetting: 1. FromtheEditmenu,select Preferences. 2. ClickonReferenceTypes. 3. ClicktheDefaultReferenceTypelistandchoose f romoneoftheavailablereferencetypes. 4. ClickApplytosavethechange.

The Generic Reference Type

Whenenteringreferencesintoyour l ibrary,usetheGenerictypeonlyforreferencesthatdonotfitany oftheotherreferencetypes. Themoreimportantfunctionof t heGenericreferencetypeistosetup a guidefortheotherreferencetypestofollow. TheGenericfieldnamesareusedthroughouttheEndNoteprogram(for e xample,intheSortReferencesdialogandtheSearch panel)toreferto a similarcategoryoffieldsthatcanbefoundinthedifferentreference t ypes.WhenyouchooseaGenericfield nameinanyofthesedialogs,it r eferstoallfieldnamesassignedtothatGenericrowoftheReference Typespreference.For example,ifyouusetheSearchcommandtosearch t heAuthorfield,EndNotesearchesallfieldsthatappearintheGeneric "Author"rowoftheReferenceTypespreference,includingfields s uchas"Artist,""Reporter,"and"Cartographer." Note:Whenediting t heReferenceTypespreferenceitisimportantthatyoukeepsimilarfields inthesamerow,asdefinedbythe Genericfieldnamesatthestartof t herow.Eachreferencetypecancallthesefields b yadifferentname;however,thecontentof thefields shouldbesimilar.

Using the Generic Type in Styles

AlthoughtheGenericreferencetypeisrarelyusedfordataentry,it playsanimportantroleinformattingbibliographies.Inaddition toformatting G enericreferences,theGenerictemplateinastyleisusedtoformat a nyreferencetypesthatarenotspecifically definedinthestyle.Consequently, e verybibliographicstyleshouldcontainaGenerictemplatesothatall r eferencesgetformattedwhenEndNotecreatesabibliography.

Customizing Reference Types

Allofthereferencetypes,exceptforGeneric,canbemodifiedusing t heReferenceTypespreference.Wheneveryoumakea changetoareference t ype,youshouldalsoedityourstyles tomakesurethattheycorrectly f ormatthenewormodifiedreference types. Ifyouplantoshareyourlibrarieswithotherusers,youmaywantto limittheuseofnewandmodifiedreferencetypes. l TheReferenceTypestableappliestoalllibraries openedonacomputerfromyouruseraccount. l Ifyourlibraryisopenedfromadifferentcomputer o radifferentuseraccount,yourreferenceswillfollowthelayout ofthe ReferenceTypespreferenceforthatcomputeranduser,unless y oualsotransferacopyofyourreferencetypetable.See Sharing Y ourReferenceTypeTable. l Ifyoumodifyareferencetypeforrecordsin y ourEndNotelibrary,youshouldmakesurethatthereferencetype i salso createdormodifiedonothercomputersthatwillaccess the library. DonottrytoedittheReferenceTypespreferencetorearrangeinformation w ithinyourreferences.Forexample,ifyoudeletethe "Journal" f ieldandretype"Journal"elsewhereinthecolumnforJournal A rticles,youaresimplytellingEndNotetoclosethe

original"Journal" f ieldanddisplayanewfieldcalled"Journal"inanotherlocationthis d oesnotmoveyourdatafromtheoriginal "Journal"fieldto t henewone.Anyreferencesthathaddataintheoriginal"Journal" f ieldwillstillshowthatinformation,butthe fieldwillhaveits"Generic" n ameof"SecondaryTitle."Thenew"Journal"field w illremainempty. Thesetopicscanguideyouineditingreferencetypes: l AboutReferenceTypes l List ofPredefinedReferenceTypes l TheGenericType l SpecialFields l TheReferenceTypesPreference l AddingandDeletingReference T ypes l Adding,Deleting,andRenaming F ields l SharingYourReferenceTypeTable

The Reference Types Preference

TheReferenceTypespreferencedisplaystheavailablereferencetypes andthefieldsthateachreferencetypecontains.Usethe ReferenceTypes p referencetoadd,remove,orrenamefieldsortorenameareferencetype. ToaccesstheReferenceTypespreference: 1. FromtheEdit menu, s electPreferences. 2. ClicktheReferenceTypesoptioninthelistof p references. 3. ClicktheModifyReferenceTypesbuttonandthe R eferenceTypespreferencewillopen. 4. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptodisplayone o fthe48referencetypesintheright-handcolumn. ThefirstcolumnoftheReferenceTypespreferenceisreservedforthe G enericreferencetype,whichlistsalloftheavailable fields. Therowscorrespondtotheeditablefieldsthateachreferencetype c ancontain(includingthenameofthereferencetype).Each namedcell i nacolumnrepresentsafieldthatappearsinthereference.Thenames o fthefieldsineachreferencetypeshould closelycorrespondtotheir G enericfieldnamesintheleftcolumn. TheGenericcolumnisthecompletesetoffieldsthatcanbeincluded inanytypeofreferencenofieldscanbeaddedtothislist, norcan t henamesoftheGenericfieldsbechanged.TheGeneric r eferencetypeserves asamodelforconstructingallotherreference t ypes.

Navigating in the Reference Types Dialog

l Usetheverticalscrollbartoseetheadditional f ieldsavailableforeachreferencetype. l TheUporDownArrowkeysselecttheprevious ornextfield,respectively,withinthesamereferencetype. l ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandtoclosethe M odifyReferenceTypesdialog.ClickApplywhen y oureturntotheEndNotePreferencedialogsaveyoursettings. l ClickEndNoteDefaultstoreturnyourreference t ypesettingstotheiroriginalEndNotesettings.Forexample,if y oumake changestooneormorefields,clickthisbuttonifyouwant t orestoretheoriginalsettings. l ClickApplytoAllRefTypestochangethefield f orallreferencetypes.Forexample,ifyoumakechangestooneor m ore

fields,clickthisbuttontoapplyyourchangestoallreference t ypes. l PresstheEsckeyorclickCanceltoexitfrom t heReferenceTypespreferencewithoutsavinganychanges.

Adding, Changing, and Hiding Reference Types

TherearethreeReferenceTypestitledUnused,whereyoucandefine a newtypeofreference.Ifthesearealreadyinuse,youcan overwrite otherreferencetypesthatyoudonotneedinordertocreatenewreference t ypes.Forexample,ifyoursubjectarea neverinvolvesart,youmayhave n ousefortheArtworkreferencetype;youcouldreplaceitwithanother r eferencetype. Toaddanewreferencetype: 1. Fromthe E ditmenu,selectPreferences. 2. SelecttheReferenceType optioninthelistofpreferences,andthenclickModifyReferenceTypes toopentheReference Typespreference. 3. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptoselectone o ftheUnusedreferencetypes.Ifallofthe"Unused"reference t ypesarein use,selectareferencetypethatyouarewillingto o verwrite. 4. Typeanameforthatnewreferencetypeintothe c olumnheading. Note:Areferencetypemust h avefieldsdefinedinordertoappearinthereferencetypelist f orneworexistingreferences. Ifyousimplychangethenameofan U nusedreferencetype,itwillnotappearinyourreferencetypelist. Y oumustalso includefieldsinthereferencetypeasdescribednext. 5. Continuedownthecolumnforthatreferencetype, addingnewfieldsasnecessary.(Deleteorrenameunwantedfields i f youareoverwritinganotherreferencetype.)Remembertomatch t hemeaningofthefieldsyouaddwiththeGenericrow headings.It i softenhelpfultousetheotherreferencetypesasguides,too. 6. ClickOKafteryouhaveaddedallofthenecessary f ields,andyouwillreturntothemainPreferenceswindowforReference T ypes. 7. ClickOKtosave y ourchanges. Youcannowusethisnewreferencetypewhenenteringreferences.You s houldalsoedityourstylessothattheycorrectlyreflect thetypeof f ormatrequiredforthisnewreferencetype.Ifyouoverwriteanexisting r eferencetype,anyreferencesthatusedthe oldreferencetypewillchange t ousethenewreferencetype. Note:Ifyouever p lantousejournalarticlesinyourlibrary,donotoverwritetheJournal A rticleorElectronicArticlereference types.Thesetworeferencetypes a retheonlyonesforwhichJournalAbbreviationreplacementscanbemade w iththeJournals TermList. To globally change a reference type: Youcaneasilychangeareferencetypeofasinglereferencebyselecting t hatreferenceandgoingtotheReferencewindow.In thetoolbar,open t heReferenceTypemenu,andthenselecttheneededreferencetype.When y oureturntotheLibrarywindow, theRefTypecolumnwillshowthenew r eferencetypethatyouselected Thefollowinginstructionsmaybeusedtochangethereferencetype f orall referencestoanother r eferencetype. 1. GototheLibrarywindowandclickthe R efTypecolumnheadingtosortallreferencetypesofthesametype. 2. DecidewhichreferencetypeyouwantEndNote t ochange.MakesureonlythosereferencesareshowingintheLibrary

windowthatyouwanttochange.Usethefollowingcommandstocontrol w hichreferencesareshowing:ShowAllReferences,HideSelectedReferences, ShowSelectedReferences,orSearchLibrary. 3. FromtheEditmenu,selectFindandReplace. 4. FromtheSelectaFieldlist,selectthe R eferenceTypeoptionthatappearsatthebottomofthelist.Itis t helastoptionin thelist. 5. Inthe"Searchfor"box,type t hereferencetypethatyouwanttochange. 6. ChangetheMatchCaseorMatchWordssettings ifnecessary. Bydefault,theMatchWordsoptionisalwaysselected.Ifyouchange t hissetting,paycloseattentiontowhetherornotthe termyouare c hangingcouldappearaspartofanotherword(forexample,Newspaper A rticle). 7. Inthe"Changethetextto:" b ox,typethereferencetypethatshouldreplacetheoriginalreference t ype. 8. SelecttheRetainCapitalizationoption t omaintainthesamecapitalizationasthetextbeingreplaced. 9. ClickChangetosearchthereferencetypes f orthespecifiedtextandreplaceitwiththenewtext.Beforereplacing a nyreferencetype,EndNotehasyouverifythechange.Thedialog E ndNotepresentsprovidesthisinformation: l Whichreferencesweresearched l Whatreferencetypewillbereplaced l Howmanyreferenceswerefoundofthespecified r eferencetype. l Whatreferencetypewillreplaceit 10. ClickOKifallofthoseitemsarecorrect. E ndNotereplacesthereferencetypeanddisplaysthenumberofreferences t hat werechanged.

Important Points About the Find and Replace Command

l TheFindandReplaceTextcommandappliesonlytothe r eferencesshowingintheLibrarywindow. l WhenusingFindandReplace,thenewtextdoesnotadopt t hetextstyleofthetextbeingreplaced. Forexample,ifyou replaceanitalicizedwordorphrase,thenewtextwill notbeitalicized.Inthisinstance,EndNotechangesthetexttothe currentstyle(forexample,PlainTextandPlainSize). l Ifyouneedtosearchfortextandthendelete i t,simplyleavethe"Changethetextto"boxempty. l WhenusingtheRetainCapitalizationoption, EndNotemaintainsALLCAPITALLETTERSand"Sentencestyle" c apitalization.Itwillnotrecognize"HeadlineStyle." I fthefirstletterofthetexttobereplacedislowercase,thereplacement textwillbecapitalizedexactlyasitwasenteredinthedialog. l ToenteraCarriageReturnorTabinthetext box,usetheInsertSpecialbutton. To hide an unwanted reference type: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences,selecttheReferenceType optioninthelistofpreferences,andthenclickModify ReferenceTypes t oopentheReferenceTypespreference. 2. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptofindthereference t ypethatyouwanttohide. 3. Addaperiodbeforethereferencetypes namein t hecolumnheadertohaveEndNoteremovethatitemfromtheReference

TypelistintheReferencewindowsandelsewhere.Thedefinition, h owever,remainsincaseyoulaterwishtorestoreitby removing t heperiod. Forexample,ifyouwerehidingtheMapreferencetype,thecolumn h eadingwouldbe".Map". 4. ClickOKtoreturntothemainPreferenceswindow f orReferenceTypes. 5. ClickOKtosave y ourchanges. Onceyouhavehiddenareferencetype,youshouldnotselectitunder Preferencesasthedefaultreferencetypefornewreferences;ifyoudo, E ndNotewilldefaulttotheGenericreferencetype.

Adding, Deleting, and Renaming Fields

Therearedifferentwaysyoucancustomizethevariousreferencetypes. I fanexistingreferencetypedoesnotcontainallofthe fieldsthat y ouneed,youcandefineanewfieldorrenameanexistingfield.Similarly, i fthereisafieldthatyouknowyouwillnever use,youcandeleteit f romthereferencetypesothatitnolongerappearsinyourreferences. Note:Besureto r eadaboutSpecialFieldsbeforechanging a nyfields. Toaddafieldtoareferencetype: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences,selecttheReferenceType optioninthelistofpreferences,andclickModifyReferenceTypes t oopentheReferenceTypespreference. 2. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptofindthereference t ypethatyouwanttochange. 3. LookatthefieldnameslistedintheGenericcolumn a ndfindtheonewiththemostsimilarmeaningtothefieldthatyou wanttoadd.Makesurethatthecorrespondingcellisblankforthe r eferencetypethatyouaremodifying.Ifitisnotblank, thenyou s houlduseanotherfield. 4. Clickintheblankcellandtypethenameforthe newfield. 5. (Optional)Ifyouwanttoaddthenewfieldto a llreferencetypes,clicktheApplytoAllRef Typesbutton. 6. ClickOKtoreturntothemainPreferenceswindow f orReferenceTypes. 7. ClickOKtosave y ourchanges. Torenameafield: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences,selecttheReference T ypeoptioninthelistofpreferences,andclickModifyReference T ypestoopentheReferenceTypespreference. 2. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptofindthereference t ypethatyouwanttochange. 3. Withinthecolumnforthatreferencetype,find t hefieldnamethatyouwanttochange,clickonit,andtypeanew n amefor thefieldtoreplacethecurrentname. 4. (Optional)Ifyouwanttochangethefieldfor a llreferencetypes,clicktheApplytoAllRef Typesbutton. 5. ClickOKtoreturntothemainPreferenceswindow f orReferenceTypes. 6. ClickOKto s aveyourchanges. Styles,filters,andconnectionfilesupdateautomaticallytousethe newname. Todeleteafieldfromareferencetype:

1. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences,selecttheReferenceType optioninthelistofpreferences,andclickModifyReferenceTypes t oopentheReferenceTypespreference. 2. Usethedrop-downlistatthetoptofindthereference t ypethatyouwanttochange. 3. Findthenameofthefieldyouwanttodeleteand s electit. 4. PresstheDeleteorBackspacekeytoclearthat f ieldname. 5. (Optional)Ifyouwanttodeletethefieldfrom a llreferencetypes,clicktheApplytoAllRef T ypesbutton. 6. ClickOKtoreturntothemainPreferenceswindow f orReferenceTypes. 7. ClickOKtosave y ourchanges. Thedeletedfieldnolongerappearsinanyreferencesusingthatreference t ype.However,iftherewasanyinformationinthe deletedfield,itstill a ppearsinthereference,butthefieldisdisplayedwithitsGeneric n ame.Forexample,supposeyouremove theEditorfieldfromtheBookreference t ype.Thereafter,whenyouaddnewbookreferencestoyourlibrary,there w illbenoavailablefieldforenteringaneditor.However,ifyouedit anoldbookreference,oneinwhichyouhadenteredaneditorsname, t he namewillbedisplayedinthefieldtitledSecondaryAuthor.Itis t hesameEditorfieldthatwasusedoriginally,howeveritisnow displayed w ithitsGenericname. Datainafieldisnotdeletedbydeletingafieldfromareference t ypeformat.Toremovealltextfromafield,usethe"ClearField" optionintheChangeFieldcommand.Youcanalsomovedatafromonefield t oanotherusingtheMoveFieldcommandontheReferencesmenu.

Sharing Your Reference Type Table

AnEndNoteusercanshareacustomizedreferencetypetablewithanother E ndNoteuser.Keepinmind,however,thatwhenyou dothis,youcompletely r eplacetherecipientsexistingreferencetypetable. First,exportthereferencetypetableyouwishtoshare: 1. Fromthedonorsuseraccount,startEndNote. 2. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 3. ClicktheReferenceTypesoptioninthelistof p references. 4. UnderReferenceTypeTable,clickExporttodisplay a filedialog. 5. Namethefile,selectafolderwhereyouwillbe a bletofinditlater,andclickSave.EndNotewillappendan.xmlsuffixto thefilename. 6. Copytheexported.xml f iletotherecipients computer. Then,importthetableforadifferentuser: Note:Replacing a notheruser'sreferencetypetableoverwritesallchangestohis/her c urrentreferencetypetable. 1. Fromtherecipients useraccount,start EndNote. 2. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 3. ClicktheReferenceTypesoptioninthelistof p references.

4. UnderReferenceTypeTable,clickImporttodisplay a filedialog. 5. Inthefiledialog,locate,highlight,andopen t he.xmlfilethatwaspreviouslyexported.

Special Fields
EndNoteincludes54fields (including t hefirstfield,whichcontainsthenameofthereferencetype).Each o fthedifferentEndNote datafieldsisavailableforusebythedifferent referencetypes.Initially,onlytheGenericreferencetypeincludesall f ields.Few restrictionsareplacedonthetypeoftextthatcanbeentered. H owever,thereareafewfieldsthatarereservedforspecificfunctions.

Author Fields
TheAuthor,SecondaryAuthor,TertiaryAuthor, a ndSubsidiaryAuthorrowsintheReferenceTypespreferencearespecially c onfiguredtohandleauthor n ames,andshouldnotbeusedforanydataotherthannames. WhenEndNotecreatesabibliography, t heinformationinthesefieldsisformattedaccordingtothespecifications o ftheselected stylesAuthorListandEditorListsettings.(TheAuthor L istisusedfortheAuthorfield;EditorListisusedforSecondaryAuthor, TertiaryAuthor,andSubsidiaryAuthorfields.)Ifyouputtextother t hanpersonalnamesinanyofthesefields,EndNotewillstill tryto i nterpretitandformatitasapersonsname. TheLibrarywindowdisplaysthelast n ameofthefirstauthorthatitfindsintheAuthorfield.Thatname i salsousedinthetemporarycitationsinsertedintowordprocessing d ocuments. Note:Ifyouhave a corporateauthornameinanAuthorfield,putacommaafterthename s othatEndNotedoesnotinterpretitas afirstandlastname.Forexample, AcmeCorporationshouldbeenteredas"AcmeCorporation,".

Title Fields
ThethreefieldsthattheGenerictypeuses f ortitlesTitle,SecondaryTitle, a ndTertiaryTitleareusuallyfoundunderdifferent namesinotherreference t ypes.Forexample,asectionofabookwhichispartofaseries will u seallthreetitlefields:thechapter titlewouldbelonginthemain T itlefield,thebooktitlecorresponds totheSecondaryTitlefield, a ndtheseries titlecorrespondsto theTertiaryTitlefield. TheGenericSecondaryTitleandAlternateTitlefieldsmaptotheJournal a ndAlternateJournalfields,respectively.Thefields listedbelow,found inspecificreferencetypes,aretheonlyonesthatcanbeusedwiththe J ournalstermlisttomodifyjournal namesinformattedbibliographies. l JournalArticlereference t ypeJournalfield l JournalArticlereference t ypeAlternateJournalfield l ElectronicArticlereference t ypePeriodicalTitlefield

Pages Field
Thefields intherowreservedforpage n umbersaretheonlyonesthatworkwiththePageNumbersoptionin t hestyles.ThisfeatureletsyouspecifyhowEndNoteshouldformatthe p agenumbersinthebibliography(firstpageonlyorafullorabbreviated rangeofpages).Similarly,anyfieldinthePagesrowoftheReference T ypespreferencecantakeadvantageofaspecialformattingcharacter i nthestyles:thecaret(^).Thischaracterallowsyoutopickasingular a ndpluralformofatermtoprecedeorfollowthepagesinabibliography, f orexample"p.25"and"pp. 3 2-45.Ifyouenterpagenumbersinanyotherpartofthereference, theycannotbeusedwiththesefeatures.

URL Field
WhenacorrectlyformattedURLis e nteredintothisfield,theOpenURLcommandintheReferencesmenucan b eusedtolaunch yourWebbrowserandtakeyoutothatsite. WhenareferenceisselectedandOpenURL i schosen,EndNotecheckstheURLfieldforaURL.Nootherfieldsare c hecked. SeeURL a ndLinkingaURL t oanEndNoteReference.

File Attachments Field

UsetheFile A ttachmentsfieldtostorethepathtofilesonyourharddrive(such a sgraphics,wordprocessingdocuments,and PDFfiles).Youcanspecify a nabsolutepathtoaspecificfolder,oryoucanspecifyarelativepath t ocopythefiletoyourlibrarys .DATA\PDF f older.Youcanlinkupto45filestoeachreference. Whenacorrectlyformattedpathandfilename isenteredintothisfield,theOpenFilecommandintheReferencesmenu c anbe usedtoopenthefile.SeeLinking a FiletoanEndNoteReference.

Figure Field
TheFigure f ieldstoresasinglegraphicorfileattachmentspecificallyforuse i nMicrosoftWord.Thisfieldisincludedinallreferencetypes.See I nsertingFiguresfor i nformationaboutaddingfigurestoareference. ToaddorremovetheFigurefieldfroma referencetype,usethePreferencesdialogtoeditreferencetypes,as d escribedinAdding,Deleting, andRenamingFields. UsethetextfieldimmediatelyfollowingtheFigurefield,theCaption f ield,toenterrelevantinformationpertainingtotheimageor file.

Date Stamp Fields

TwoAutoDateStampfields areavailablethatyoucanaddtotheLibrarywindow. TheAddedtoLibraryandLastUpdateddatefieldsareinsertedwhenyousave a newreference.TheLastUpdateddateisreset eachtimeyou s avechangestoareference.ThedateformatoftheAutoDateStampfieldsmatchesyourdefaultoperatingsystem settings(forexample,4/16/2012). ToaddthetwoAutoDateStampfieldstotheLibrarywindow,selectPreferences>DisplayFields.FromtheFieldcolumn,select theAddedtoLibraryand/orLastUpdatedfields.EndNotepopulatestheHeadingcolumnwithyourselection. Youcannotedit,print,orexporteitheroftheAutoDateStampfields.Youcan,however,displayandsortthese f ieldsfromthe LibrarywindowjustasyoucanwithanyotherEndNotefield. Note:ForreferencesenteredwithEndNoteversionX1orearlier,theAdded t oLibraryfieldisleftblankandtheLastUpdatedfield displaysthe d ateofconversiontoEndNote.

Table of Predefined Reference Types

UsetheListof R eferenceTypestodisplayindividualreferencetypesandthedefault f ieldsandfieldnamesusedineachone.

Bibliographic Styles
Introduction
What is an Output Style?
Thetermoutput style(orjust"style")isusedto describeaparticularmethodofdocumentingyourwork.Eachstyleisdesigned asacompletesolutionforformattingandeditingin-textcitations,footnotecitations, a ndbibliographiesforalltypesofreferences. YoucanthinkofstylesastemplatesthatshowEndNotehowtoarrange t heinformationineachofyourEndNotereferencesfor citationsandbibliographies. F orexample,asinglereferencecouldbeformattedintheChicagostyle l ikethis: Argus,MicheleV.,andEdwardK. OritcouldbeformattedintheNaturestylelikethis: 1. Argus,M. V. EndNoteincludesmorethan4,500individual b ibliographicstyles.Onlythemostpopularstylesarestoredasindividual f ilesinthe StylesfolderinyourEndNotefolder.(Toaddmore,seeInstalling A dditionalOutputStyles.) Thenameofthestylereferstothejournalorpublisherthathasdefined t hebibliographicformat.TheNaturestyle,forexample,is basedonthe f ormatrequiredbythejournalNature,andtheChicagostyleisnamed a ftertheChicagoManualofStyle.Stylesin theExportcategory,such a s"RIS"arenotbibliographicstyles,butratherexportstyles designedtoaidintransferringEndNote dataintootherdatabases. ToseetheavailablestylesinEndNotesStylesfolder,selectOutput StylesfromtheEditmenu,andselectOpenStyleManager. Ifyourstyle i snotavailable,youcandownloadadditionalstyles,anystylecanbe modifiedtosuityourneeds,plusyoucancreate newstyles. l Stylescanbedownloadedor e dited,andnewstylescanbecustomized,withEndNote'sStyleManager. l TheStyleManagerallowsyou t ofindandpreviewinstalledstyles.Commonlyusedstylescanbe markedas"favorites," whichwillappearintheOutputStyles s ubmenuoftheEditmenuandinthelistofavailablestylesinCite W hileYouWrite. Related Topics: Accessing StylesinOtherPlaces Basic C omponentsofaStyle Previewing S tylesandShowingInformation TheOutput S tylesMenu TheStyleManager What ShouldIDoifMyStyleIsNotIncluded?

The Output Styles Menu

ThestyleselectedintheOutputStylessubmenuoftheEditmenu(or t hestylemenuonthetoolbar)determineshowreferences areformatted f orthepreviewintheLibrarywindow aswellasfortheFormatBibliography, F ormat,Print,Export,andCopyFormattedcommands. Bydefault,EndNotesfourstandardbibliographicstylesareinstalled i nyourOutputStylesmenu: l Annotated:generatesanAuthor-Date s tylebibliographywithabstracts. l Author-Date:generatesbibliography a lphabetizedbyauthorname,andin-textcitationswithAuthorand Y ear.

l Numbered:generatesanumberedbibliography w ithcorrespondingnumberedin-textcitations. l Show All Fields:generatesalistof t hereferencesasentered,includingallfieldsandthenamesofthe f ields. MarkindividualstylesasyourfavoritesintheStyle M anagertohavethemappearintheOutputStylesmenu,thestylemenu i n theMaintoolbar,andtheconfirmformattingdialog. Related Topics: Accessing StylesinOtherPlaces Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Basic C omponentsofaStyle Modifying StyleTemplates Previewing S tylesandShowingInformation Whatis a nOutputStyle? What ShouldIDoifMyStyleIsNotIncluded?

The Style Manager

EndNoteincludesmorethan4,500individual b ibliographicstyles.Bydefault,onlythemostpopularstyles are s toredasindividual filesintheStylesfolderinyourEndNotefolder. Toinstalladditionalstyles,seeInstalling A dditionalOutputStyles . Thenameofthestylereferstothejournalorpublisherthathasdefined t hebibliographicformat.TheNaturestyle,forexample,is basedonthe f ormatrequiredbythejournalNature,andtheChicagostyleis n amedaftertheChicago Manual of Style.Stylesin theExportcategory, s uchas"RIS"arenotbibliographicstyles,butratherexport s tylesdesignedtoaidintransferringEndNote dataintootherdatabases. ToseeifyourjournalsstyleisincludedinEndNote,perusethelist ofstyles intheStyleManager.Ifyourstyleisnotavailable, anystyle c anbemodifiedtosuityourneedsandyoucancreatenewstyles. To s eetheavailablestylesinEndNotesStylesfolder, s electOutputStylesfromtheEditmenu,andthenselect O penStyleManager. The S tyleManagerliststhenamesoftheoriginalstyles a vailable i ntheProgramFiles\EndNote\Styles f olderaswellasanynew ormodified s tylesinyourpersonalStylesfolder,andgivesyoutheoptionstoedit t hemorselectthemasfavoritesforquick accessfromthestylemenuon t hetoolbar,theOutputStyles menuontheEditmenu,ortheconfirm f ormatting dialog.Youcan clickanddragthecornerofthedialogtoincreasethe s ize.

Navigating in the Style Manager

Usethefollowingfeaturestolocatetheoutputstylethatyouwant t ouse: l Ifyouknowthenameofthestylethatyouwant t ouse,youmaystarttypingitandthefirstfilethatmatcheswhat y outype willbeselected. l Typetextintothe"Quick Search" t extboxonthetoolbarandpressEnter t o s earchforthestylebythenameofthefile.You canenterapartial n ameorthefullname.EndNotewilldisplayallmatchingresults. l ClicktheFind B ybutton a ndchooseacategory(suchasMedicineorHumanities)tofindonly t hebibliographicstylesfora specificdiscipline. l ClicktheFind B ybutton a ndselectAllStyles toreturnallofthestylestothedisplayed l ist. l Clickthecolumnheadingstosortthestyles bynameorbycategory.Clickingthesamecolumnheadingasecond t imewill

changethesortorderfromascendingtodescending.Click a gaintosetitbacktoascendingorder. l ClicktheMoreInfobuttonatthebottomof t hedialogtodisplayadditionalinformationabouttheselectedstyle ( suchas modificationandcreationdates,andanycommentsorlimitations). M oreInfotoggleswithLessInfo.Youalsohavethe optionofdisplaying a previewofthestyleintheMoreInfopanel.

Marking Your Favorite Styles

Whenyouhavefoundastylethatyouwillwanttouseinthefuture, c lickthecheckboxtotheleftofittomarkitasafavorite.All styles t hataremarkedasfavoritesappearintheOutputStylessubmenuofthe E ditmenu,andthestylesmenuonthetoolbar. Thisgivesyoueasyaccess t othestylesyouusemostoften.Allstylescanbemodifiedtomeetyour s pecifications.Youcanalso createcompletelynewstylesifnecessary. ToaddastyletotheOutputStylessubmenu o ntheEditmenu: 1. FromtheEdit m enu,selectOutputStyles andthenselectOpenStyle M anager. 2. Findthestylethatyouneed. 3. Clickintheboxtotheleftof t hestyle'snametochooseitasoneofyourfavorites. 4. ClosetheStyleManagerbyclicking t heclosebuttonorselectingCloseStyleManagerfromtheFilemenu. Toselectawholecategoryofstyles asfavorites,clicktheFind Bybutton intheStyleManagerwindow,selectthecategoryof interest,andthen c lickMarkAllwhenallofthestylesforthatcategoryaredisplayed. C licktheFindBy b uttonandselectAll Stylestobringallofthestyles b ackintoview.TheUnmark Allbuttonmaybeusedtounmarkallofthe outputstylesthatareshowinginthelist. If you cannot find the style you need: Manybibliographicstyles aresimply variantsofasmallnumberofwell-known b ibliographicformats.EndNoteincludesover4,500different s tyles,butitmaynotincludetheexactstyleyouneed.Ifyoucan't f indthespecificstyleyouneed,youcan: l Checkthesubmissionguidelinesforthepublication t oseeifthestyleisaderivativeofawell-knownstyle.Youmay b e abletousethatstyle(perhapswithminormodifications). l TrytheinteractiveStylesFinderontheEndNote w ebsite.AshortcuttotheWebStylesFinderisprovidedontheHelp menu. Related Topics: Accessing StylesinOtherPlaces Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Basic C omponentsofaStyle Modifying StyleTemplates Previewing S tylesandShowingInformation TheOutput S tylesMenu Whatis a nOutputStyle? What ShouldIDoifMyStyleIsNotIncluded?

Previewing Styles and Showing Information

ClickMoreInfointheStyleManagertoshowtheinformationpanel. ( WhenyouselectMoreInfo,thebuttonchangestoLessInfo, whichwill h idethepanel.)Theinformationpanelisusedtodisplaymoredetail a bouttheselectedstyle. UsetheStyleInfo/Previewbuttontotogglebetweenthesedisplays:

l Style Information:Details a boutthestylearedisplayedintheInformationpanel.Theseinclude t hecreationandmodification dates,category,whichstyleguidethe s tyleisbasedon,andanylimitationsorcommentsaboutusingthe s tyle. l Style Preview:Inthepreview s ection,EndNoteshowshowajournal,book,andbooksectionwould b eformattedwiththe selectedstyle. Previewing Styles Using Your Own References EndNoteusesbuilt-inexamplesforthepreviewsintheStyleManager w indow.Ifyouwanttopreviewastyleusingyourownreferences: 1. IntheStyleManager,markthestyleasafavorite byclickinginthecheck b oxnexttoitsname.Thisaddsthestyletothe OutputStylesmenu. 2. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,andselect t hestyletopreview. 3. Openalibrary,andthenclickthePreviewtab o ntheTabspanel. 4. Selectanyreferenceinyourlibrarytohaveit d isplayedonthePreviewtab. ThePreviewtabdisplaysonlyonereferenceatatime.Ifyouwould l iketopreviewagroupofreferences,youcanusetheCopy Formatted c ommandandtheClipboard: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles andselect a style. 2. Selectoneormorereferencesinyourlibraryand s electCopyFormatted( C trl + K)fromtheEditmenu. 3. PastefromtheClipboardintoawordprocessor d ocumenttoseetheformattedreferencesastheywouldappearina b ibliography. Or,usethePrintPreviewcommandfromtheFilemenutoprinttheshowing r eferencesintheLibrarywindow. Related Topics: Accessing StylesinOtherPlaces Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Basic C omponentsofaStyle InstallingAdditionalOutputStyles Modifying StyleTemplates TheOutput S tylesMenu TheStyleManager Whatis a nOutputStyle? What ShouldIDoifMyStyleIsNotIncluded?

Copying Styles
WhenyoudisplayalistofstylesinEndNote,thelistiscomprised o ftheinstalledstylesfoundin t he Program F iles\EndNote\Styles f olderaswellasnewormodifiedstylesfound inyourpersonalStylesfolder.Foranexplanationofwhereyourfiles arestored,seeFolderLocations P references. Becauseeachstyleisaseparatefileonyourharddrive,youcancopy t hemasyouwouldcopyanyfileonyourharddriveusing theWindows d esktop. Tocopyastyletoaremovabledisk,selectthestyleonyourharddrive a nddragitontoadisk.Werecommendthatyoumakea backupcopyofany n ewormodifiedstyles.(seeBacking U pYourEndNoteFiles). TomakeacopyofastylefromwithinEndNote:

1. FromtheEditmenu, s electOutputStyles andselectOpenStyleManager. 2. SelectthestyleyouwanttocopyandclickEdit. 3. Withoutmakinganychangestothefile,select S avefromtheFilemenu. 4. GivethiscopyofthefileanewnameandSaveit. ThefileissavedinyourpersonalStyles folder.Thenewstylewill r emainopen.Theoriginalstylewillbeleftuntouched.

Saving Styles
Tosaveanewstylethatyouhavejustcreated,ortosavechangesto astyleyouhavejustmodified,selectSaveorSaveAsfrom theFilemenu. Ifyou havemodifiedoneoftheoriginalinstalledfilesin t heProgram Files\EndNote\Stylesfolder,youmustuseSaveAstosavea copyto y ourpersonalStylesfolder.Ifyouhavemodifiedastylethatisalready l ocatedinyourpersonalStylesfolder,youcan selecteitherSaveto d irectlymodifythefile,orSaveAstomakeacopywiththechanges. F oradescriptionofwhereyourstyles arestored,seeFolder L ocationsPreferences. IfyoucloseaStylewindowbeforesavingastyle,EndNotepromptsyou t osaveordiscardthechangesyouhavemade,orselect Canceltoreturn t othestyle.IfyouquitfromEndNotewhileaStylewindowisopen,the s amedialogappears. EndNoteautomaticallysavesnewstylestoyourpersonalStylesfolder. Y oumayalsospecifyadifferentfolderifnecessary.For instructions s eeFolderLocationsPreferences . EndNotestylesusethefilenameextensionof".ENS"(forEndNoteStyle),asin"Nature.ens."

Deleting Styles
TodeleteastylefromwithinEndNote: 1. FromtheEditmenu, selectOutputStyles,andthenselectOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestyletobedeleted. 3. SelectClearfromtheEditmenu,orright-clickonthestyleand selectDeletefromtheshortcutmenu,orpresstheDeletekey. YoucanalsodeleteanunwantedstylebyswitchingbacktotheWindows d esktop,andopeningtheappropriateStylesfolder(see FolderLocations P references).Then,selectthefiletodeleteandselectDeletefromthe Filemenu,ordragthefiletotheRecycle Bin. Note:Youmust haveread/writeaccesstotheStylesfolderinordertodeleteastyle. I fyoudonothaveadministratoraccess, youlikely willnotbeableto deleteafilelocatedwithintheProgramFilesfolder.

Renaming Styles
RenamestylesusingtheSavecommandfromtheFilemenu.Thisallows y outomakeacopyofanystylethatyouwanttomodify,soyoucankeep s everalvariationsofthesamestyle.Youcanalsorenamestyles byswitching t otheWindowsdesktop, locating t hestylefileintheStylesfolder,clickingonthefilename,andtyping a newname. Foranexplanationofwhere y ourfilesarestored,seeFolder L ocationsPreferences.

Reverting Changes to a Style

Ifatanytimeyouneedtorevertyourchangesbacktothelastsaved c opyofthestyle,selectRevertStylefromtheFilemenu. Onceyouclose t heStylewindow thechangesarepermanentuntilchangedagain.

Closing a Style
TocloseaStylewindow,clicktheclosebuttonintheupper r ight c ornerofthewindow,orselectCloseStylefromtheFilemenu.If you h avenotsavedyourchangestothestyle,EndNotepromptsyouandgives y outheoptiontosaveordiscardanychangesthat youhavemade.

What Should I Do if My Style Is Not Included?

EndNotesuppliesover4,500journal s tylesforyourconvenience;however,becausetherearethousandsofjournals p ublished, thestyleyouneedmaynotbeincluded.Thisshouldnotbe a problembecauseyoucancustomizeastyleofyourownoreditany of E ndNotespreconfiguredstyles. IfastylethatyouneedisnotincludedwithEndNote,werecommend m odifyingastylethatissimilartowhatyouneed.Todownloadmoreof t hepredefinedstyles,seeInstalling A dditionalOutputStyles . Tofindandmodifyasimilarstyle: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,andthen s electOpenStyleManager. 2. IntheStyleManager,changethesettinginthe i nformationpanelfromStyleInfotoStylePreview.Thepreviewof t he selectedstyleshouldnowbedisplayed. 3. Scrollthroughthelistofavailablestylesto s eeifyoucanfindonethatissimilartowhatyouneed. 4. Onceyouhavefoundasimilarstyle,selectit, a ndclicktheEditbutton.TheStylewindowopens. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSave,givethiscopy o fthestyleanewnamethatcorrespondstothenameofthejournal y ou wanttouseitfor,andclickSave.Thiswillalsokeeptheoriginal s tyleunchanged,intheeventthatyouneedtouseitlater. 6. ThenewStylewindow remainsopenforyoutoedit itasyouneed.Formoredetailsabouteditingpartsofastyle,read ModifyingStyleTemplates a ndAdditionalStyleFormatting Options. Oncethenewcopyofthestylehasbeensaved,itwillbeaddedtoyour s tylemenus. Related Topics: Accessing StylesinOtherPlaces Basic C omponentsofaStyle ClosingaStyle CopyingStyles DeletingStyles RenamingStyles SavingStyles TheOutput S tylesMenu TheStyleManager

Accessing Styles in Other Places

TheStyleManagerdisplaysonlythestylesfoundinspecificfolders. W erecommendthatyoucopyadditionalstylestoyourpersonalStylesfolder. Foranexplanationofwhereyourfilesarestored,ortochangeyour p ersonalStylesfolderlocation,seeFolder L ocationsPreference.

Basic Components of a Style

Thebestwaytounderstandhowastyleworksistoopenoneupandlook a tit. l To create a new style:FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStylesandselect N ewStyle.Ifyouareinterestedincreatinga newstyle,seeCreating a NewStyle. l To edit a style: F romtheEditmenu,selectOutputStylesandthenOpenStyleManager. S electthefiletoeditandclick Edit.Themostrecentlyusedstyle c analsobeopenedbyselectingOutputStyles fromtheEditmenu, a ndselectingEdit <style>.

The Style Window

Afterchoosingtheoptiontoeditanexistingstyleorcreateanew o ne,EndNoteopenstheStylewindow. Allofthedifferentoptionsforeditingastylearelistedontheleft s ideoftheStylewindow.Thefirstfouritems(AboutThisStyle, Anonymous W orks,PageNumbers,andJournalNames)applytocitations,bibliographies, a ndcitationsinfootnotes.Therestof theoptionsintheStylewindow a regroupedunderoneoffourheadings: Citations:Panelslistedunderthe C itationsheadingapplyonlytocitationsinthebodyofthetext. Bibliographies:Theitems listedunder t heBibliographyheadingapplytothebibliographythatEndNotecreates w henyouformat apaper.ThesesettingsarealsousedwiththeExport, Print,CopyFormatted,andPreviewoptions. Footnotes:Theitems undertheFootnote h eadingapplytocitationsthathavebeeninsertedintothefootnotes orendnotesina wordprocessingdocument. ( Youmustfirstcreatethefootnotesinyourwordprocessor,andthen i nsertEndNotecitationsinto them.) Figures and Tables:The i temsunderFiguresandTablesapplytoEndNotefiguresandtables that h avebeeninsertedintoa MicrosoftWorddocument. Clickontheplusnextto o neoftheheadingstoexpandorcollapsetheviewtoshoworhidethe r elatedoptions.Clickonanitem undertheheadingstoviewtheassociated p anel.Youmayswitchbetweenpanelsasneededwhileeditingthefile. N ochanges aresavedinanyofthepanels,however,untilyouselectSave o rSaveAsfromtheFilemenu.

Style Templates
TheCitation,Bibliography,andFootnotesectionsofthestyleallhave a Templatepanelandotheroptionsforfinetuningthestyle. TheTemplatespanels arethemajorcomponentofthestyles.Theyinclude t hefieldnamesandpunctuationorganizedintheway EndNoteshouldformat t hereferencesforthatparticularstyle.Thetemplateslooklikecitations o rbibliographyentries,except thatfieldnamesareusedinplaceof t heactualdata.Duringtheformattingprocess,EndNotereplacesthefield n ameswiththe correspondinginformationfromthereferences. FordetailsaboutworkingwithstyletemplatesseeModifying S tyleTemplates.

Other Style Options

UndereachheadingintheStylewindow(Citations,Bibliography,and F ootnotes)thereareaseriesofoptionsforhowtofine-tune theformatted r eferencesincitations,bibliographies,orfootnotes.Manyoftheseoptions a rerepeatedforthethreesections(such asthesettingsthatdetermine h owauthornamesaretreated),becauseeachofthesethreeareasofthe d ocumentmightrequirea slightlydifferentformat.TheFigures a ndTablessectionappliesspecificallytoEndNotefiguresandtables i nsertedintoaWord document. Related Topics:

Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Installing A dditionalOutputStyles Modifying StyleTemplates TheStyleManager

Modifying Style Templates

Modifying Style Templates
Ifyouarecreatingabibliographythatrequiresastylenotincluded w ithEndNote,thenyoucanmodifyastyletosuityourneeds. (SeeWhatShouldIDoifMyStyle i sNotIncluded?)Editingastylerequiresageneralunderstanding o fhowstylesworkandthe componentsofastyle. R eadBasic C omponentsofaStyletobecomefamiliarwiththeterms.Thesetopics c anhelpyouincreatingormodifyingstyletemplates: l CitationTemplate l BibliographyandFootnoteTemplates l ChangingthePunctuationina F ormattedReference l AddingandRemovingFields in a FormattedReference l AddingNewReferenceTypes l FontandTextStyles l RulesforWorkingwithStyle T emplates l EndNoteCleansUp l SpecialFormattingCharacters l AdditionalStyleFormatting O ptions

Citations Template
ToaccesstheTemplatespanel,selectOutputStylesfrom t heEditmenu,andthenclickTemplatesundertheCitationsheading. TheCitationstemplatetellsEndNotehowtoformatthein-textcitationsinthe b odyofyourpaper.Themostpopularformatsfor in-textcitationsare(Author,Year),numbered,andAuthor(Year).Forexample: l An(Author,Year)format d isplays"(Author,Year)"in t heCitationareaofthetemplate.Whenyouinsertanin-textcitationin yourpaperusingthisformat,thecitationwouldlooklikethisexample:(Binfield,2008) l Anumberedformatdisplaysa"[BibliographyNumber]"intheCitationareaofthetemplate.Numberedstylescommonly enclosethebibliographynumberinbracketsorparenthesisoruseasuperscriptnumber.Insteadof(Binfield2008)asyour in-textcitation,thecitationwouldlooklikethisexample:[1] Thebibliographynumbercorresponds toanumberedreferenceinyourbibliography.BydefaultEndNotelinksthein-text citationtothereferenceinthebibliography. l AnAuthor(Year)formatdisplays"Author(Year)"intheCitation-Author(Year)areaofthetemplate.Whenyouinsertanintextcitationinyourpaperusingthisformat,thecitationwouldlooklikethisexample:Binfield(2008) Youmaychangethetemplatebydeletingunwantedfieldnamesorpunctuation, r etypingthepunctuationyouwant,andinserting newfields withtheInsert F ieldbutton.SeeModifyingStyle Templatesforinformationabouteditingtemplates. Note:BoththeCitationandtheCitation-Author(Year) a reaofthetemplatemustbecompletedinordertousetheAuthor(Year) format i napaper.

Multiple Citation Separators UsetheMultipleCitationSeparatorsfieldto s pecifythepunctuationtoseparatemultiplecitationsinyourpapers. A multiplecitationisanin-textcitationthatincludesmorethanone r eferencewithinasinglesetofdelimiters,suchas:(Argus,1993; B illoski, 1993;Hall,1988).Thisexample u sesasemicolonandaspaceastheseparatorbetweencitations. TheseparatorcanbechangedbytypingothertextintheMultiple C itationSeparatorfield.Remembertoincludeaspaceintheseparator s ectionwhennecessary. Adding Journal Names to In-text Citations IfyouwouldlikeEndNotetoinsertthejournalnameinthein-textcitationsofyourpaper,selecttheJournal/SecondaryTitlefield fromtheInsertFieldmenu.Forexample: l In t heCitationareaofthetemplate,inserttheJournal/SecondaryTitlefieldinthe(Author,Year)field.Forexample: (Author,Journal/SecondaryTitleYear) Whenyouinsertanin-textcitationinyourpaper,thecitationwouldlooklikethisexample:(Porter,Journal/BritishJournal ofAesthetics2009) l IntheCitation-Author(Year)areaofthetemplate,inserttheJournal/SecondaryTitlefieldintheAuthor(Year)field.For example:Author,Journal/SecondaryTitle(Year) Whenyouinsertanin-textcitationinyourpaperusingthisformat,thecitationwouldlooklikethisexample:Porter, J ournal/BritishJournalofAesthetics(2009) Year Format IfyouwouldlikeEndNotetouse2-digityears(suchas09)inthein-text c itations,checkthe"Use2-digityears"option.Years from allcenturieswillbeabbreviatedtodisplayjustthelasttwodigits. T hisappliesonlytotheyearsinthein-textcitations. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Footnotes: Defining Long and Short Forms

BothfullandshortformtemplatesareavailablefromtheStylewindow. D efineshortformfootnotesettingsforTemplates, A uthor Lists,Author N ame,EditorLists,and E ditorName. 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electOutputStyles >OpenStyleManager. 2. FromtheStyle Managerwindow,selectastylefromthelistofnames(forexample, C hicago),andthenclicktheEdit

button. 3. FromtheStyle w indow,selectacategoryundertheFootnotesheading(forexample, A uthorName). 4. Enterallyourchanges. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs. 6. Giveyourupdatedsettingsaname(forexample, " MyChicagoFootnotesSettings"),andthenclicktheSave b utton.

Bibliography and Footnote Templates

ClickTemplatesundertheBibliographyorFootnotesheadinginOutputStylestoseethe t emplatesforhowthosereferencesare formatted. Forfootnoteandbibliographytemplates,eachhasa"Generic" t emplate,andotherreference-type-specifictemplatestoformatthe various r eferencetypesinabibliography. Thefollowingexamplesshowhowjournalarticles,books,andbooksections, respectively,wouldbeformattedwiththeNumberedstyle.Noticethat eachreferencetypeisformatteddifferently,whichiswhydifferenttemplates a rerequired: 1. Emiliani, 2. Jones,V.R.,TheTheoryofForaging, 3. Whitney,J.R., Generic Template TheGenerictemplateisusedtoformatreferencesthatusetheGeneric r eferencetypeordonothavetheirowntemplateinthe style.Forexample, ifaBooktemplatehadnotbeenincludedinthestyle,bookreferences w ouldbeformattedusingtheGeneric template. Generic - Short Form Template TheGeneric-ShortFormtemplatemaybedefinedforeachreference t ypejustliketheregularfootnote.Youcanedittheshort formina t emplate.Theorderofuseisthat: 1. Theshortformdefinitionforaspecificreference i sused. 2. Ifthedefinitionisnotavailable,thenthegeneric s hortformdefinitionisused. 3. Ifnogenericdefinitionisavailable,thenthe f ullformofthereferenceforthattypeisused. 4. Ifthefullformisnotavailable,thenthegeneric f ullformisused. Other Reference Type Templates TherestofthetemplatesinthestyletellEndNotehowtoformatspecific referencetypes,suchasjournals,books,andbooksections.Ifacheck m arkappearsnexttoareferencetypeintheReferenceTypelist,atemplate isalreadydefinedforit(youcanedit thetemplate).

Footnote Template Options

Styleshavevaryingrequirementsforhowcitationsinfootnotesshould b eformatted.TheoptionsatthetopoftheFootnotesTemplatespanelinOutputStylesallow f orthedifferentconditions.

Forsomestyles,citationsinfootnotesareformattedjustlikein- t extcitations(inthebodyofthepaper).Inthatcase,thereisno need t ocreateaspecialtemplateforfootnotes,simply selectthe"Sameascitation"optionfromthe"Formatcitationsinfootnotes"list. Similarly,someformatsrequestthatcitationsinfootnotesareformatted a sfullbibliographicreferences,exactlylikethebibliography.Forthose s tyles,youcansetthefootnoteformatoptiontoSameasBibliography. However,ifyouneedthefootnotestousetheirownspecialformat(most s tylesforthehumanitiesrequirethis),youwouldselect theoptionto f ormatcitationsinfootnoteswithauniquefootnoteformat.Forthis o ption,youneedtodefinethetemplatesforhow citationsinfootnotes s houldbeformatted. Forinformationabouthowtotreatrepeatedcitations,suchasusing a shortformfornon-consecutiverepeatedcitations,andIbid. forconsecutive r epeatedcitations,seeRepeated C itationsinFootnotes. Whenusingtheshortform,selectthecheckboxthattellthesystem t oincludetheTitlefieldonlywhenneededtodisambiguatea citation. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Changing the Punctuation in a Formatted Reference

Punctuationthatappearsinyourformattedreferencescanbechanged b yeditingthestyleyouareusing.Whenyoueditastyle, youcandelete unwantedpunctuation,replaceitwithotherpunctuation,oraddadditional punctuationwherenecessary. Forexample,iftheNumberedstylecreatesaperfectbibliographyfor y ourdocumentexcept thatitputsacommaafterthe authorsnames w hereyouneedaperiod,youcanedittheNumberedstyletomakethis c hange. ToedittheNumberedstyle: 1. SelecttheNumberedstyleintheOutputStyles m enu. 2. SelectEditNumberedfromtheOutputStylesmenu t oopentheNumberedStylewindow. 3. ClicktheTemplatesoptionundertheBibliography heading. 4. Foreachreferencetype(suchasGeneric,Journal Article,andBook),deletethecommathatfollowsthefieldname "Author" a ndtypeaperiod. Thestylesbibliographictemplatesshouldnowlookliketheexample b elow.NoticethatthepunctuationaftertheAuthor fieldineach t emplatehasbeenchangedtoaperiod. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Inthedialog t hatappears,enteranewnameforthismodifiedNumberedstyle,and thenclickSave. Nowyoucanusethenewstyletocreateaformattedbibliographythat p utsaperiodbetweentheauthornamesandthetitles.

Forinformationaboutmakingpunctuationorspaces appearonlyunder c ertaincircumstancesseeSpecial F ormattingCharacters. Thattopicalsoexplainstheuseofthenon-breaking s paces(), v erticalbars(|),accentgrave(`),andthecarets (^)thatyouseein thestyletemplates. Note:Ifyousave a newstyleintoafolderotherthanthecurrentstylesfolder,itwill notbeavailableintheStyleManager.You shouldsavenewstylestoyour Stylesfolder,orchangeFolder L ocationsPreferencesifnecessary. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Adding and Removing Fields in a Formatted Reference

Thefieldnames(suchasAuthor,Year,andTitle)thatyouseewhen e ditingastyletemplate,indicatewhatinformationisincluded inyour f ormattedreference.Ifyouwanttoincludeafield,suchasnotes,along w ithyourreferences,youshouldaddtheNotes fieldtothestylethat y ouuse.Similarly,toexcludeunwantedinformationthatisappearing i nabibliography,youmustdeletethe fieldnamethatcontainsthatinformation f romthestylesbibliographytemplate. Theexamplesbelowshowtwocommonscenariosinwhichfields areadded t oorremovedfromtheformattedbibliography.Wheneveryouchangethe f ields inastyletemplatebesuretocheckthesurroundingpunctuation t omakesurethatitisstillaccurate.

Adding a Field to a Style Template

Toinsertanewfieldintoastyletemplate: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles,andthen s electOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwanttoedit,andclick Edit. 3. ClickontheTemplatesoptionundertheBibliography h eading,andpositionthecursoratthelocationinthetemplatewhere youwanttoaddafield. 4. ClicktheInsertFieldbuttonandselectthefield t obeadded. 5. Afterthefieldisinserted,addanypunctuation o rspacingthatisnecessarytocorrectlyincorporatethenewfield i ntothe style. Note:Asashort-cut, y oucanusetheoptionsintheLayoutpaneltoaddtextorpunctuation b eforeoraftereveryreferenceina bibliography.SeeBibliography L ayout.

Deleting a Field from a Style Template

IfEndNoteincludesinformationinyourbibliographythatyoudonot w anttobethere,youcaneditthestyleanddeletethe unwantedfields n ameandanyassociatedpunctuation. Forexample,ifastyleincludestheissuenumberinyourjournalreferences, a ndyoudonotwanttheissuetoappear:

1. IntheStyleManager,selectthestyleandclick t heEditbutton. 2. UndertheBibliographyheading,clicktheTemplates o ption. 3. Selectthetexttobedeleted(forexample,".Issue|),andpresstheDeleteorBackspace k ey. AlongwiththeIssuefield,alsoremovetheperiodthatprecedesit a ndtheverticalbar,aspecialformattingcharacter,thatfollows the I ssuefield.(SeeSpecialFormatting C haractersformoreinformationabouttheverticalbar.) Related Topics: AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Adding New Reference Types

Whenastyledoesnotincludeatemplateforaspecificreferencetype, s uchasReport,EndNoteusesthestylesGenerictemplatetoformatthat r eferencetype.AlthoughtherearetimeswhentheGenericformatsuffices, o ftenitisnotsufficientbecause theotherreferencetypesneedtobe f ormatteddifferently.Therefore,youshouldmakespecifictemplatesfor t hedifferentreferencetypesthatyouwillbeincludinginyourbibliographies. Toaddanewreferencetypetemplatetoastyle: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles >Open S tyleManagerandselectthestylethatyouwanttomodify. 2. Withthestyleselected,clicktheEditbutton. 3. IntheStylewindow,clicktheTemplatespanel u ndertheBibliographyheading. 4. Selectthenameofthedesiredreferencetypefrom t heReferenceTypesdropdownlist . (ReferenceTypesthatarealready definedappearinthelistwith c heckmarksnexttotheirname.) Anewtemplateforthatreferencetypeisaddedatthebottomofthe S tylewindow(scrolltothebottomoftheStylewindowifyou donotsee it).

Defining the Format for the New Reference Type Template

Definingtheformatforanewtemplateisaprocessofinsertingthe n ecessaryfields andpunctuationinthecorrectorder.Forthis example, w ewantareporttolooklikethis(Author,Title,ReportNumber,Year, I nstitution,andCity): Trift, Wecaninsertthefieldsandtypethepunctuationtocreateatemplate f ortheReportreferencetype.UsetheInsertFieldbuttonat thetop o ftheStylewindowtoinsertthefieldsinthecorrectorder.Afterinserting a fieldname,typethepunctuationandspacing thatshouldfollowit. A pplytextstyles,suchasitalicsfortheTitle,byselectingthetext t ochangeandusingtheStyletoolbar. ThefinaltemplatefortheReportreferencetypelookslikethis:

Report Author,Title,ReportNumber.Year,Institution:City. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Fonts and Text Styles

Bydefault,textenteredintoaStylewindowappearsinEndNotesPlain F ont,PlainSize,andPlainStylesettings,whichallowthe bibliography t hatEndNotecreatestoadoptthefontsettingsinyourpaper.Forexample, i fyoutypeyourpaperin10pointTimes font,EndNoteusesthatfont f orthepapersbibliography. UsetheEditmenuortheStyletoolbartoapplyanyfont,size,ortext s tyletoyourStyletemplates.(Note t hatonlythestandard Windowsfontsareavailable.) Alltextattributesenteredintoastyletemplatecarryoverintothe bibliographythatEndNotecreates.Youcanusethisfeature,for example, t oitalicizetitlesormakethevolumenumbersbold.Anyfontortext s tylechangesenteredinanEndNoteReferencewindowcarrythroughthe b ibliographyaswell.Forexample,anyitalicizedtermsinyourreferences w illstillappearitalicizedinyour bibliography,regardlessofthetext a ttributesthattheEndNotebibliographicstyleapplies. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

Rules for Working with Style Templates

Therearefourbasicrulesofdependencethatgovernhowtext,spaces, a ndfieldnamesinfluenceeachotherwhentheyareused inastyletemplate. I fnecessary,theserulescanbecircumventedinspecificsituationsusing t hespecialformattingcharacters describedinthenextsectionofthis c hapter.

Rule #1: Basic Dependence

Anytextorpunctuationthatisnotseparatedfromafieldnamebyan ordinaryspaceisdependentontheadjacentfield.

Inthiscontext,"dependent"meansthatthetextorpunctuation a djacenttoafieldonlyappearsinyourbibliographyiftheadjacent fieldcontainsdata.Forexample,inthisexcerpt: Volume(Issue) theparentheses around"Issue"onlyappearinaformatted r eferenceifthereisanissuenumberforthereference.

Rule #2: The Preceding Field Takes Precedence Over the Following Field
Whenpunctuationappearsbetweentwofieldswithnointerveningspaces, i tisdependentontheprecedingfield. Inthisexample, Volume:Issue thecolonisdependentontheVolumefield.Thismeans,ifthereis n ovolumeinthereference,thecolonwillnotappear.Ifthereis avolume, t hecolonwillappear. Note:Thisexample s howsacasewheretherulesofdependencemightnotdowhatyouwant. Forexample,youmightwantto havethecolononlyshowwhenthereis a nissue.Thiscanbedoneusingthespecial f ormattingcharacters.

Rule #3: The First Space after a Field is Dependent on that Field. Additional Spaces are Independent.
Thefirstordinaryspacefollowingafieldisalwaysdependentonthat f ield.Anyconsecutivespaces afterthatareindependentand willalways a ppearintheformattedreferences. Forexample,ifEndNoteformatsananonymousbookusingatemplatethat h astheAuthorfieldfollowedbyaspaceandtheTitle field: Author.Title thetitlewillnotbeprecededbyaspaceinthefinalformattedreference becausethespace,justliketheperiod,isdependenton theAuthorfield. H owever,ifthestyleincludestwospacesbetweentheAuthorandtheTitle: Author.Title thetitlewillbeprecededbyonespaceforallanonymousreferences. Thefirstspace,beingdependentontheAuthorfield,disappearswhen t hereisnoauthor,howeverthesecondspaceisindependent,soitremains i ntheformattedreference. Independentspacescanbeforcedtobedependentonanadjacentfield usingthespecialformattingcharacters.

Rule #4: Independent Text Always Appears in the Bibliography.

Anytextorpunctuationthatisnotdependentonafieldnamealways a ppearsintheformattedreferences.Forexample,if: Edition isenteredintoastylesBooktemplateusingonlyanordinaryspacetoseparatethetext"ed."andthefield"Edition",thetext" ed."willappearinallBookreferencesregardless ofwhetherornotthereisaneditionforthatreference. Note:Thenon-breaking s pacecanbeusedinplaceofa regularspacetolinkindependenttexttoafield. S eeSpecial F ormatting Characters. Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions

Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Special F ormattingCharacters

EndNote Cleans Up
Tooconfusedaboutalltheserules?Well,evenifyoudontgeteverythingquiterightaccordingtotherules,EndNote w illdoits besttocleanuptheformattedreference.Obviousproblems a refixedautomatically. Normally,fieldtextisenteredintoEndNotewithoutendingpunctuation, s othattheselectedoutputstylecansupplypunctuation asrequiredby t hatparticularstyle.However,whenyoudownloadreferencesfromvarious s ources,someinformationproviders mayincludepunctuation. Forexample,whenanoutputstyledirectsEndNotetoinsertaperiod a fterafield,EndNotemustdeterminewhattodowithany punctuation t hatalreadyexists attheendofthefieldinthereference. Punctuation found, plus punctuation added by the output style: spaces,period comma,period ( ,.) semicolon,period ( ;.) colon,period ( :.) doubleperiods (..) questionmark, period(?.) exclamationpoint, p eriod(!.) EndNotetreatsotherformsofextrapunctuationlikethis: Punctuation found, plus punctuation added by the output style: doublespaces doublecommas ( ,,) doublesemicolons ( ;;) doublequestion m arks(??) doubleperiods (..) comma,period ( ,.) questionmark, period(?.) exclamationpoint, p eriod(!.) questionmark, exclamationpoint(?!) exclamationpoint, q uestionmark(!?) Onesetofpunctuationthatisneverreplacedistheperiod,comma(.,) b ecauseitmaybeusedforabbreviationslikeed., e tal., etc. Replaced with: single s pace single c omma single s emicolon single q uestionmark single p eriod period question m ark exclamation p oint question m ark exclamation p oint Replaced with: period period period period single p eriod question m ark exclamation p oint

Special Formatting Characters

EndNotehasspecialformattingcharactersthataddflexibilityandprecision t othegroupingofpunctuationandfieldsinthestyle templates.

Link Adjacent Text (Using the Non-breaking Space)

Ifyoutype"Editioned."intoastyletemplateanduseanordinaryspacetoseparatethefieldname"Edition"fromtheabbreviation "ed.",then"ed."willappearregardlessofwhetherornotthereferencehasanedition(seeRule#4). Toavoidthisproblem,make"ed. d ependentontheEditionfieldbylinking Youcaninsertanon-breakingspacebyselectingLinkAdjacentTextfromtheInsertFieldlistintheTemplatespanels.Youcan alsoenteritbytypingCtrl+Alt+Space.Itappearsonthescreenasasmalldiamond. Thenon-breakingspaceisconvertedtoanormalspaceintheformatting p rocess.Commonusesofthenon-breakingspace include(where" "is u sedasanon-breakingspace): p^ppPages Editioned. volVolume EditorEd.^ Thenon-breakingspaceisalsousedinconjunctionwiththevertical b ar(seebelow)tochangethedependencyofapunctuation markfromone f ieldtoanother. Volume|:Issue|. Inthiscase,thecolon(:)islinkedtotheIssuefieldwithanon-breaking s pace,soitdoesnotprintinthebibliographyiftheIssue fieldis e mpty.

Forced SeparationUsing the Vertical Bar

Ifyoudonotwanttextorpunctuationtobedependenton t heprecedingorfollowingfield,usetheverticalbarcharacter(|), t oforce aseparationofthetextfromafield.Theverticalbarcanbe f oundonthesamekeyasthebackslash(\).Itcanalsobeinserted from t heInsertFieldlistintheTemplatespanels. Thinkofaverticalbarasbreakingdependence,orforcingseparation betweentwodependentitems.(Theverticalbarworksin exactlytheopposite w ayasthenon-breakingspace.) Forexample,theJournalArticletemplatesinsomestylesrequirea p eriodbetweenthevolumeandissue.Atemplateforsucha stylemight l ooklikethis(where"indicates a space): Journal Article Author."Title."JournalVolume.Issue(Year):Pages. However,whenthisstyleformatsajournalarticlethatdoesnotinclude a nissuenumber,thebibliographyentrywillbeincorrect, asinthefollowing example: Clark,H.andCarlson,T."HearersandSpeechActs."Language58.(1982):332-373. Noticethattheperiodusedtoseparatethevolumefromtheissueappears h ereintheabsenceofanissuebecauseitisdependent upontheVolume ( Rule#2).Andthespaceseparatingthevolumeandtheyearislostbecause t hatspaceisdependentuponthe Issuefield(Rule#3).

EndNotehasawayofavoidingtheseproblems.Theverticalbarcharacter ( |)canbeusedtobreaktheautomaticgroupingof spacesandpunctuation w ithadjacentfields. Ifyouinserttheverticalbarbeforetheperiodinourexample,the p eriodsdependencyswitchesfromtheVolumefieldtotheIssue field. A ddanotherverticalbarbeforethespacethatfollowstheIssuefield, a ndthespacewillnolongerbedependentontheIssue field.Usethe v erticalbarcharacterinconjunctionwiththenon-breakingspace.With t hesechangesthestylelookslikethis: Journal Article Author."Title."JournalVolume|.Issue|(Year)|:Pages|. Andtheformattedreferencewithoutanissueiscorrect: Clark,H.andCarlson,T."HearersandSpeechActs."Language58(1982):332-373. Othercommonexamplesforusingtheverticalbarinclude: Publisher|:City Pages|.(to m akethefinalperiodindependent)

Field Names in Bibliographies

SometimesyoumayneedtousetextinatemplatethatisalsoanEndNote f ieldnameforthatreferencetype.Forexample,you maywanttousethe w ord"Editor"aftertheeditorsname: Jones,V.R.,B.K.Marion,andR.L.Zeiss, T he Theory of Foraging,inAHistoryofForagingBehavior,B.J.Bloggs, Editor.1976,SmithandBarnes:NewYork. Normally,EndNoteinterpretstheword"Editor"asafield n amewhenitappearsinabooks styletemplate.Thisiseventrueof fieldnamesthatappearaspartofaword,suchas"Editors" or"Issued."Fieldnamesneednotbecapitalizedtoberecognized. ToforceEndNotetointerpretawordasjusttextandnotasafield n ameinatemplate,putanaccentgravecharacterbeforeand afterthe w ord:`Editor`.Theaccentgraveisfound i ntheupperleftcornerofmostkeyboardsonthesamekeyasthetilde ( ~). Remembertoalsousethenon-breakingspacetolinkthetext,`Editor`,totheEditorfield. Book Section Author,Title|.inBookTitle|,Editor,`Editor`|.Year,Publisher|:City|,p.Pages.

Singular/Plural Term Separator (Caret ^)

Youcanspecifybothsingularandpluralformsoflabels foreditors o rpagesinaformattedreferencebyusingacaret(^)toseparatethe t erms.Forexample,somestyles put"Ed."afterasingleeditor a nd"Eds."followsseveraleditors names.Or,similarly, "p."mightprecedeasinglepage,while"pp." precedesmultiplepages.Thisfeaturecanbeappliedtoanyfieldthatcorrespondsto theGenericfieldforAuthor,SecondaryAuthor,TertiaryAuthor,SubsidiaryAuthor,Pages,andCitedPages. Inthestyletemplate,enterboththesingularandpluralformsofthe l abelseparatedbyacaret(insertitfromtheInsertFieldlistor type Shift+6).Anytextbeforethecaret,backtobutnotincludingthepreceding s pace,isusedforthesingularform;textafterthe caret,uptothe n extspace,isusedforthepluralform.Thesetermsmustalsobelinked t otherelevantfieldusinganon-breaking space.Forexample,astyle t emplatemightlooklikethis: Edited Book Editor,ed.^eds.Title.NumberofVolumesvols|.Vol.Volume|, Series Title|.City|:Publisher|, Year|. Orlikethis: Journal Article Author."Title,"JournalVolume|.Issue|(Year)|:p.^pp.Pages|.

Related Topics: Adding a ndRemovingFields inaFormattedReference AddingNew R eferenceTypes Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Bibliography a ndFootnoteTemplates Changing t hePunctuationinaFormattedReference EndNoteCleans Up Fontsand TextStyles Modifying StyleTemplates Rules f orWorkingwithStyleTemplates

Additional Style Formatting Options

Additional Style Formatting Options
Templatesdeterminethe g enerallayoutoftheformattedreferencesandcitations.Theremainder o fthepanelsintheStylewindowcanbeusedtofine-tunecertainaspects ofabibliographicstyle: l AnonymousWorks l PageNumbers l JournalNames l Sections(MicrosoftWordOnly) l AmbiguousCitations l Numbering l AuthorLists(Bibliography a ndFootnotes) l AuthorLists(Citations) l AuthorNames(Bibliography a ndFootnotes) l AuthorNames(Citations) l EditorListsandEditorNames l Layout l SortOrder l TitleCapitalization l RepeatedCitations(inFootnotes) l FigureandTablePlacementand C aptions

Field Substitutions (Bibliography and Footnotes)

TheFieldSubstitutionspanels undertheBibliographyandFootnotes h eadingsallowyoutosubstituteanotherfieldinthebibliographyand f ootnotesofareferenceifoneofthefollowingfieldsisempty. l DOI l PMCID l VolumeandPages Youcanalsospecifywhichfieldtousewhentheeditorandtranslator a rethesame.Theeditorandtranslatoroptionisavailable forallstyles.

Thevalues thatcurrentlypopulatethefieldsontheFieldSubstitutions p anelsaredefaultvalues.Youcanchoosetoactivatefield substitutions b yselectingthecheckbox.Forexample,ifyouselectthe"Ifthe D OIfieldisempty,use"checkbox,EndNoteuses theURLiftheDOI f ieldisemptyinthebibliographyandfootnotesofareference;otherwise, EndNotedisplaystheDOIinformation. YoucanalsoselectanotherfieldfromtheInsertFieldlistifyou d onotwanttousethedefaultvalue. Tosubstitutefieldvalues inabibliographyand/orfootnote: 1. OpentheStyleManagerbyselectingOutputStyles f romtheEditmenu,andthenselectingOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwouldliketoedit,and t henclicktheEditbutton. 3. AftertheStylewindowopens,selectFieldSubstitutions f romundertheBibliographyorFootnotesheading. 4. Activatefieldsubstitutionbyselectingthecheckboxofeach f ield.Thecurrentsubstitute(default)valuedisplaysifthe field i sempty. Alternatively,youcanselectanotherfieldfromtheInsertFieldlist. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Inthedialogthatappears, e nteranewnameforthismodifiedstyle,andthenclick Save. Examples l YouarecitingaprepressarticlethathasaDOI n umberbutnotvolumeorpageinformation.Theguidelinesindicate t hatthe DOIshouldbeincludedinareferencefortheprepressarticles. TheoutputstylethatyouselecttellsEndNotetousethe DOIifthe V olumeandPagesfieldsareempty;otherwise,EndNotedisplaysvolume a ndpageinformation. l YouarecitingaPubMedarticle,butithasnot y etbeenassignedaPMCID.TherecorddoeshaveaNIHMSID.Theguidelines i ndicatethattheNIHMSIDshouldbeusedasasubstitution.The outputstylethatyouselecttellsEndNotetousethe NIHMSIDifthe PMCIDfieldisempty;otherwise,EndNotedisplaysthePMCIDinformation.

Anonymous Works
AnonymousworksaredefinedbyEndNoteasreferenceswheretheAuthor f ieldisblank(not"Anonymous").Thesettingsinthe Anonymous W orkspanelapplytoallsectionsofastyle(Citations,Bibliography, a ndFootnotes). Leave Author Blank:Theauthorsection o ftheformattedreferenceisleftempty.Ifthereferencesaretobe s ortedbyauthor names,theanonymousworkswouldbesortedatthetop o fthelistbecausetheyhavenoauthor. Use Title in Place of Author:Where t heauthorwouldhaveappeared,thetitleisusedinstead.Ifthereferences a resortedby author,theanonymousreferenceswillbesortedasthough t hetitleweretheauthor.IfyouwouldpreferthatEndNoteusethecontents o fthe"ShortTitle"fieldinplaceofthefulltitle(where a vailable),clickthe"UseShortTitle"checkbox.IfEndNote encountersareferencethatdoesnothaveanythingenteredintotheShort T itlefield,itusesthecontentsoftheregularTitlefield instead. Use APA Specifications: T heAmericanPsychologicalAssociationformat(usedbymanyjournals) r equiresaspecialvariation ofthe"UseTitleinPlaceofAuthor" o ption. Insert Text:Thetextthatyouenter h ereappearsintheauthorsplaceintheformattedreference,andit i susedforsortingpurposesifthereferencesaretobesortedbyauthor names.Commonlythistextwouldbesomethingliketheword"Anonymous" o r "Anon." Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions

Modifying StyleTemplates

Page Numbers
ThePage N umberspanelallowsyoutospecifyhowthepagenumbersshouldbe f ormattedforyourreferences: l Dont change page numbers ThecontentsofthePagesfieldare u seddirectlyintheformatted r eference.Nochangesaremade. l Show only first page OnlythefirstcharactersinthePagesfieldupto, b utnotincluding, t hefirstdashorcommaareincludedinthebibliography. Example: " 123-125"inthePagesfieldbecomes"123"in t heformattedreference. l Abbreviate last page Anydigitsofthelastpagenumberthatarethesameasthefirstpage n umberareeliminated.Example:"123-125"inthePages f ieldbecomes"123-5"intheformattedreference. l Abbreviate last page, keeping two digits Anydigitsofthelastpagenumberthatarethesameasthefirstpage n umberareeliminated,downtoaminimumoftwodigits. Example: " 123-125"inthePagesfieldbecomes"123-25" intheformattedreference. l Show range of pages Leadingdigits areaddedtothelastpagenumber,ifnecessary,so t hefullpagerangeisused.Example:"123-5"in t hePages fieldbecomes"123-125"intheformattedreference. l Show only first page for Journals and full range for others Journalarticlesareformatteddifferentlyfromothertypesofreferences. Note:Special F ormattingCharactersdescribeshowtoinstructEndNotetoaddtext s uchas"p."vs."pp.",or"page"vs."pages" totheformattedreferencesusingthecaret(^). Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Journal Names
Differentjournalshavedifferentstandardsforabbreviatingjournalnames.Forexample,somestyles mayrequire"Proceedingsof theNationalAcademyofScience"tobeabbreviatedas"Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.,""P.N.A.S."or"PNAS."EndNotesJournals termlistprovidesawayforyoustoreuptofourvariationsofjournalnames(thefullnameandthreeformsofabbreviations)tobe usedinyourbibliographies. TheJournalstermlistthatiscreatedforeverylibraryisautomatically l inkedtotheJournalandAlternateJournalfields,andthereforeitis r eadytobeusedwiththeJournalNamesoptions.Yousimply needtobe s urethatthenecessaryinformationisinthe Journalstermlist,and t hatyourstyleissetuptousethecorrectformofthejournalname. IfyourJournalstermlistincludesthenameofthejournalasitis e nteredinyourEndNotereferences,andtheformofthejournal namethat y ouwouldliketoappearinyourbibliographies,youmaysimplysetyour p referenceinastyletohaveEndNotesubstituteaformofthenamein t heJournalstermlistforwhatwasenteredintoyourreferences. EndNoteprovidesseveraljournalabbreviationlistsfordifferentdisciplines ( includingmedicine,chemistry,andhumanities).Ifyou areinterested inusingoneoftheselists,youmayimportitintoyourJournalsterm l ist(seeLoading S uppliedJournalAbbreviations)andsetupabibliographicstyleto useoneoftheabbreviationsfortheformattedbibliography.IfEndNote d oesnotpro-

videajournaltermlistthatappliestoyourareaofresearch, y oumayalsoenterthejournalabbreviationsyourself.SeeImportant PointsAboutEnteringJournalNames. TomodifyastyletousetheabbreviationsinaJournalstermlist: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectOutputStyles, a ndthenselectOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwouldliketo modifyandclickEdit. 3. SelecttheJournalNamespanelfromthe listattheleftoftheStylewindowtoseetheavailableoptions: l Full Journal Name Whencreatingabibliography,EndNotereplacestheJournalnamein t hereferencewiththeformofthatnameinthefirstcolumnofthe J ournalstermlist.Thisfirstcolumnisnormallyusedforfullnames. l Abbreviation 1 Abbreviation 2 Abbreviation 3 Inthebibliography,thejournalnameforeachreferenceisreplaced w iththeformofthatnameinthesecond,third,orfourth column o ftheJournalstermlist,respectively. l Dont Replace Inthebibliography,EndNoteusesthejournalnameexactlyasitappears i nthereferenceintheEndNotelibrary.No changesaremade. l Abbreviate in Journal Articles Only ThesubstitutionsmadewiththeJournalNamesoptioncanapplytoall SecondaryTitlefields,ortotheSecondaryTitle fieldforonlythe J ournalArticlereferencetype.Ifyouuncheck t hisoptiontoapplythisfeaturetoallreferencetypes,EndNote alsoabbreviatesfieldssuchasConferenceName,andthenamesof m agazinesandnewspapers. l Remove Periods SelectthisoptiontohaveEndNoteeliminatetheperiodsfromalljournal n amesinthebibliographythatitiscreating,regardlessoftheabbreviation beingused.Thisoptiondoesnotrequirethatthejournalnamesbe i ntheJournalstermlist.For example,ifthejournalnamesareentered i ntoyourreferencesusingperiods,andyoudonothaveaJournals t ermlistthat includesthenameswithoutperiods,youcanstilljust c heckthisoptionandtheperiodswillbestrippedoutofthejournal nameswhenEndNoteformatsabibliography. IfajournalnameisnotfoundinthespecifiedcolumnoftheJournals t ermlist,thestyleusesthejournalnameasitappearsinthe Reference w indow.Noreplacementismadeforthatjournal. IfnothingisenteredintheJournalstermlistorifthereisnospecial J ournalstermlist,theJournalNamesoptionalways defaults toDont Replace,andEndNoteusesthejournalnameexactly asitappearsintheoriginalreference. Note:Noneofthese c hangesactuallytakesplaceintheEndNotelibrary.Theseoptionsonly d eterminewhatinformationgoes intothebibliographythatisgenerated u singtheCopyFormatted,Print,Export,andFormatBibliographycommands. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Sections (Microsoft Word Only)

PreviousversionsofEndNotealwayscreatedasinglebibliographyat t heendofyourwordprocessordocuments.Thatisstilltrue whenyou C iteWhileYouWriteinOpenOffice.org W riterdocumentsorformatRTFfiles.However,EndNote i ncludesadditional outputstyleoptionsspecificallyforMicrosoft W ord.Youcanchooseto: l Createacompletebibliographyattheendof eachdocument(thedefaultsettingforalmostallofthesupplied o utputstyles). l Createabibliographyforeachsectioninthe document(asdefinedinthestyles APA5th(sections)andChicago 1 5thB (sections)). l Createabibliographyforeachsectionandalso a completebibliographyattheendofthedocument. FormoreinformationaboutusingsectionsinaMicrosoftWorddocument, s eeCreatingMultiple B ibliographiesinaSingleDocument. Note:TheSections p ortionofanoutputstyleisignoredbyOpenOffice.org W riter,RTFfiles,andversionsofEndNotepriorto versionX6. Create a complete bibliography at the end of each document Thisdefaultsettingformatsasinglebibliographyattheendofadocument. E venifyouhavebrokenthedocumentintomultiple sections,asingle b ibliographywillappearattheendofthedocument. Create a bibliography for each section in the document Whenyouselectthisoption,abibliographyiscreatedattheendof e achsection,andincludesonlythecitationswithinasection. Anadditionalcheckboxisavailableforsections: Continuenumbering,orapplysettingsfordisambiguationandrepeatedcitations acrosssections. When the check box is blank Whenanumberedbibliographicstyleisselected,citationnumbering w illberestartedatthebeginningofeachsection. Whenanon-numberedbibliographicstyleisselected,ambiguous c itationsettingswillberestartedandappliedtoeachsection individually. F ormoreinformationaboutambiguouscitationsettings,seeAmbiguous C itations. When the check box is selected Foranumberedstyle,selectingthecheckboxwillassurethatnumbering i scontinuedacrosssections.Forexample,ifcitations inthefirstsection a renumbered1to10,citationsinthenextsectionwillstartwithnumber 1 1. Foranon-numberedstyle,ambiguouscitationsettingswillapplyacross t heentiredocument.Formoreinformationaboutambiguouscitationsettings, s eeAmbiguousCitations. Create a bibliography for each section and a complete bibliography at the end of the document. Thisoptioncreatesabibliographyforeachsectionaswellasacomplete b ibliographyofallthecitationsinthedocument. Fornumberedstyles,citationnumberingcontinuessequentiallyacross allsections,withoutrestartingforeachsection. Fornon-numberedstyles,ambiguouscitationsettingsareappliedacross t heentiredocument,withoutrestartingforeachsection. Ifadocumentisnotdividedintosections,EndNoteformatsasingle, c ompletebibliographyattheendofthedocument. Related Topics:

Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Creating M ultipleBibliographiesinaSingleDocument Modifying StyleTemplates

Ambiguous Citations
Within-textcitationslike(Smith,1995)or(Smith246-9),references c anhaveidenticalin-textcitationsiftheyarebythesame authoror t heauthorshavethesamelastname.Thisleadstoambiguityinthecitations t hatwouldmakeitimpossibleforthe readerofyourpapertoknowwhich r eferencetoSmithyouarereferring.EndNoteprovidesvariouswaysto a voidthissortofambiguityinyourcitations. Anycombinationofthefollowingoptionsmaybeused.Clickinthecheck b oxnexttoalloptionsthatapply.Notethatthesesettingsassumethe a uthorisusedinthein-textcitation.Theyarenotrelevantforstyles t hatusebibliographynumbersforthein-text citationsasitisnotpossible t ohaveambiguouscitationswhentheyareuniquelynumbered. Include author initials in citation CheckthisoptiontohaveEndNoteincludeinitialswithauthornamesto d istinguishbetweencitationsbydifferentauthorsthat happentohave t hesamesurname.SelecthowtheinitialsshouldappearfromtheInitials o ptioninthesection.Forexample,the MLA s tyleusesjustauthornamesandpagenumbersincitations.Initialsare a ddedtoclarifywhichSmithwrotethecitedreference: (S.Smith241-5)and(L.Smith12-20) List more authors until citation is unique Somestylesrequestthatonlyafixednumberofauthorsbelistedinthe i n-textcitation,andthen"etal."or"andothers" isinserted toindicatethattheauthorlistwasabbreviated.Selectthis o ptionifyouwouldlikeEndNotetolistadditionalauthorstomakethe citationunique.Forexample,ifthein-textcitationsweresettolist o nly3authors,andyouhavetworeferencesinwhichthefirst threeauthors a rethesame,EndNotewouldaddafourthauthortothecitations,and c ontinueinthatmanneruntilthelistofauthors wasdifferentbetween t hetwocitations. Add the title for different works by the same author(s) Ifyouhavetwoworksbythesameauthor,itwonthelptoaddinitialsorlistmoreauthorstodifferentiatethetwo. I nthiscase, somestylesrequestthatthetitleofthereference(or ashortenedformofthetitle)beaddedtothein-textcitation.Ifyou c hoose thisoptionandselecttheShortTitleoption,EndNoteincludes t hecontentsoftheShortTitlefieldwhenavailable.Otherwise,it uses t hefulltitle.Theformatofthetitleistakendirectlyfromthebibliography. T hisisanexampleintheMLAstyle,whichnormallyincludesonlytheauthorandpagenumberinacitation: (Smith,History of Our Times 35) (Smith,Looking Forward77) Add a letter after the year Forcitationsinan(Author,Year)format,EndNotecanaddaletterto t heyeartomakecitationsfromthesameauthorpublishedin thesame y eardistinguishablefromeachother.Theletterappendedtotheyear w illappearinboththein-textcitationsandreferencesinthebibliography. (Smith1995a) (Smith1995b)

Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Numbering Citations
ThesettingsinthecitationNumberingpanelapplyonlywhen"Bibliography N umber"isusedintheCitationTemplate. T his createsuniquelynumberedcitationsinthetextofthepaper;the n umberscorrespondtoentriesinthebibliography.Forpapersformatted w ithanumberedstyle,theseoptionsarerelevanttomultiplecitations g roupedwithinonesetofcitationdelimiters.When unformatted,amultiple c itationlookslikethis: {Keys,1998#93;Jen,1996 # 88;

Use Number Ranges for Consecutive Citations

Whenthisoptionischecked,consecutivebibliographynumbersappearing i namultiplecitationarejoinedbyasinglehyphen,for example: asshownbytheBerkeley s tudiesconductedin19873-6and19891,7.

Grouped References
TheGroupedReferenceoptionallowsyoutocitewithonenumberany r eferencesthatalways appeartogetherinthepaperasmultiplecitations. T hecitationsarenotgiventheirownnumbers,butratheronenumberis u sedbothinthetextandthebibliographyto identifythewholegroup o fcitations.Withthissetting,youalsohavetheoptiontospecifyhow t hegroupedreferencesinthebibliographyshouldbeseparated. Thisoptionshowsasemicolonandaspaceasaseparator: 1. McCormick,MP,GeophysicalResearchLetters(1999)15,907;

Composite Citations
Withingroupedreferences,youcandifferentiateindividualcitations w ithletters. Todefineacompositecitation: 1. SelecttheboxtoUseletterstoseparate g roupedreferences. 2. UsethePresentlettersinlisttoselect L owercaseorUppercaseletters. 3. Selecttheappropriateletterformatfor i n-textformattedcitations.Theexamplesillustratehowlettersand numbersappear forconsecutivecitationsandranges. l (1a,1b),(1a,1b,2a-c) Thenumberalwaysappearswithastand-aloneletterorwiththefirst l etterofarange.Thisisthedefaultsetting. l (1a,b),(1a,b,2a-c) Onlytheletterofthefirstcitationofthecompositeispreceded w iththenumber. l (1a,b),(1a,1b,2a-c) Theletterofthefirstcitationofthecompositeisprecededwith a number;additionallettersincludeanumberonlyifthere could b eambiguity.

l (1a,1b),(1a,1b,2a-2c) Lettersarealwaysprecededbyanumber. 4. UsethePrecedebyandFollowbyboxestoenter a nycharacter(s)thatyouwantto s urroundtheletterinthebibliography. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Citation Author Lists

IfthestyleyouareusingliststheauthornamesintheCitationtemplate oftheStylewindow,youcanusetheAuthorListoptions (aswellasthe AuthorNamespanel)tocontrolhowtheauthorsappearinyourin-text c itations.Ifyourcitationsdonotincludethe authornames,ignorethe A uthorListpanel.

Separators Between Author Names

Inthe"AuthorSeparators"box,enteranypunctuationand s pacesthatseparatetheindividualauthornamesinacitation.Inreferences w ithmultipleauthors,itisstandardtoseparatethenameswithacomma a ndaspace. l Usethe"between"boxtoenteracommaandaspace,oranyotherrequiredpunctuation. l Inthe"beforelast"box,entertheseparatorthatappearsbeforethelastauthorinareference.Sometimesthisissomething otherthanacommaandaspace,suchas",and"oranampersand(&)followedbyaspace. l Inthe"beforelastinformat:Author(Year)"box,enterthe separatorthatappearsbeforethelastauthorintheAuthor(Year)format.Thebehaviorofthisoptionisthesameasthe"beforelast"box.Thisallowsyoutomeetthespecificationsofsomestyles thatrequiredifferentformatsdependingonwhethertheformatusedisthedefaultformatortheAuthor(Year)format.Byenteringavalueinthisfield,youdonothavetoediteachofthecitations,references,orfootnotes. NormallyonlythefirstrowintheAuthorSeparatorsboxisused(with t herangeofauthorssetat"1to100")sothattheseparators inthatrowapplytoalloftheauthorscitedinareference.However, t herearestylesinwhichtwoauthorsarelistedas"Smithand Jones" ( withoutacomma),andmorethantwoarelistedas"Smith,Jones, a ndJohnson"(withacommabeforetheword"and").In this c ase,make"and"the"Separatorbeforelastauthor" w henthereareonlytwoauthors;andenter",and"whenthere a re3or moreauthors. Note:Includespaces a ftercommasaswellasbeforeandaftertheword"and".

Abbreviating the Author List, First Appearance

Somejournalsrequirethatyouabbreviatethelistofauthors,using " etal."oranequivalent,afteracertainnumberofauthors. T he AbbreviatedAuthorListsectionoftheAuthorListspanelallowsyou t ospecifythenumberofauthorsneededtotriggerthisabbreviation, h owmanyauthorstoincludeintheformattedreference,andwhattheabbreviation s houldbe. List all author names Selectthisoptionifyoudonotwanttoabbreviatetheauthorlists. If ___ or more authors, list the first ___ author(s) Selectthisoptionandfillintheblanks withtheappropriatenumbers ifyouwouldlikethelistofauthorsabbreviated. and abbreviate with Enteranabbreviationsuchas",etal."Youcanitalicizethe a bbreviationbyselectingthe"Italic"checkboxinthedialog.

Abbreviating the Author List, Subsequent Appearances

Insomebibliographicstyles,ifareferenceiscitedmorethanonce i nyourpaperthefirstappearanceofitinanin-textcitationis formatted differentlyfromsubsequentcitations.Forexample,thefirstcitation m ightlistallauthors,whilesubsequentcitationslist onlythefirst authorfollowedby"etal." UsetheFirstAppearanceauthorlistsettingstospecifythewaythe a uthorsappearthefirsttimethereferenceiscited.Usethe Subsequent A ppearancesoptionstoformatauthorsinallotherappearancesofthe c itation. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Author L ist(BibliographyandFootnotes) Citation A uthorNames Modifying StyleTemplates

Citation Author Names

Name Format TheNameFormatsectionallowsyoutospecifyhowtheauthornamesshould l ookwhetherthefirstorlastnameshouldcome first,andwhetherthere s houldbeacommaafterthelastname. First Author/Other Authors:Using t helistfor"FirstAuthor"and"OtherAuthors",you c anhavethefirstauthorappeardifferently fromtheotherauthorsin areference.Fromtheselists,selecttheexamplethatshowsthename i ntheorderthatyouwouldlikeit tobeinthecitation.Ifthein- t extcitationsuseonlythelastname,thissettingisnotimportant. Capitalization: S pecifyhowyouwouldliketheauthornamestoappear. l l l l As I s(asenteredinthereference) Normal(first l etterofeachnameiscapitalized) ALL U PPERCASE SmallCaps(these m ayormaynotbesupportedbyyourwordprocessor)

Ifyou a pplyacapitalizationoptiontoauthornames,buthaveaspecificname t hatyoudonotwantchanged,youcanusethe ChangeCasepreferenceto leavethatnameasentered.SeeChange C asePreferences. Initials:Selectfromtheavailable o ptionsinthelisttospecifyhowtheinitialsshouldlookinthecitations. S electLastOnlyifyou onlyneedthelastnameoftheauthorstoappear i nthecitations. "Use initials only for primary authors with the same name" Thisoptionallowsforinitialstobeusedonlywhenthereareprimary a uthorswiththesamelastnameincludedinthebibliography. Regardless o fwhetherornottheresultingcitationsareambiguous(thatis,they c ouldbefromdifferentyears),EndNotewilladd theinitialstothose c itationstoclarifythattheyarefromdifferentauthorswhohappento h avethesamesurname. Consecutive Citations by the Same Author Ifamultiplecitationincludesworksbythesameauthor,somestyles requestthatyounotrepeattheauthorname.Checkthesettingto"omit r epeatedauthors"andEndNotewillomittheauthornamefromthe c itationafteritfirstappears.Inorderforthissettingtobeused, t hecitationsmustallbegroupedtogetherinamultiplecitation,and t hecitationsbythesameauthormustappear onerightaftertheother. Forexample,areferencesuchasthis: (Smith,1993;Smith,1999;Wyatt, 2 000)

wouldbechangedtolooklikethis: (Smith,1993,1999;Wyatt, 2 000) Youhavetheadditionaloptioninthiscasetochoosetheseparator t ousebetweenthesecitations.Noticeintheexampleabove, thestyle normallyusesasemicolontoseparatemultiplecitations.Butwhenthere a reaseries ofcitationsbythesameauthor,the repeatedauthornames a redroppedandtheyearsareseparatedbycommas.Inthiscase,acomma andaspaceshouldbe enteredasthepunctuationwithwhichtoseparate t heconsecutivecitationsbythesameauthor. Ifyouhaveenteredcitationswithsuffixesandyouwouldlikethose c itationsexcludedfromthisformatting,check"Dontomit authorsfromcitationswithsuffixes.For e xample,iftworeferencesbythesameauthorincludedpagenumbers: (Smith,1993p24;Smith,1999p5;Wyatt,2000) somestylesrequestthatyoudoleavetheauthornameinthesecond c itationforclarity. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Author N ames(BibliographyandFootnotes) Citation A uthorLists Modifying StyleTemplates

Author Lists (Bibliography and Footnotes)

TheAuthorListspanelsundertheBibliographyandFootnotesheadings letyouspecifyexactlyhowtheauthorsaretoappearin theformatted b ibliographicreferencesorinyourfootnotes.Youcanformatauthornames d ifferently inthefootnotesandbibliography,sobesurethatyoucheck t heAuthorListssettingsunderboththeBibliographyandtheFootnotes h eadingstoadjust settings.Thesettingsinthesepanelsapplytoall r eferencetypesformattedwiththecurrentstyle.

Separators Between Author Names

Inthe"AuthorSeparators"box,enteranypunctuationand s pacesthatseparatetheindividualauthornamesinabibliographicreference. I nreferenceswithmultipleauthors,itisstandardtoseparatethenames w ithacommaandaspace. l Usethe"between"boxtoenteracomma a ndaspaceoranyotherrequiredpunctuation. l Usethe"beforelast" b oxtoentertheseparatorthatappearsbeforethelastauthorinareference. S ometimesthisissomethingotherthanacommaandaspace,suchas", a nd"oranampersand(&)followedbyaspace. l Usethe"beforelastinformat:Author(Year)"box t oentertheseparatorthatappearsbeforethelastauthorwhenusingthe Author(Year) b ibliographicformat.Byenteringavalueinthisbox,youdonothavetoediteachofthecitationsandfootnotes. NormallyonlythefirstrowintheAuthorSeparatorsboxisused(with t herangeofauthorssetat"1to100")sothattheseparators inthatrowapplytoalloftheauthorscitedinareference.However, t herearestylesinwhichtwoauthorsarelistedas"Smithand Jones" ( withoutacomma),andmorethantwoarelistedas"Smith,Jones, a ndJohnson"(withacommabeforetheword"and").In this c ase,make"and"the"beforelast"separatorwhen t hereareonlytwoauthors;andenter",and"whenthereare 3 ormore authors. Note:Includespaces a ftercommasaswellasbeforeandaftertheword"and".

APA 6th Settings

TheAPA6thsettingsallowsyouto d isplaythefirstsixauthors(oreditors)followedbythetext(preset t o,...)followedbythe lastauthor(oreditor).Selecttheradio b uttonthatsays: "Ifeightormoreauthors,listthe f irst6authors,insert,...andaddthelastauthor'sname." Whenthissettingisselected,itoverrideswhateversettingsarein t heAuthorSeparatorsandEditorSeparatorssettingsatthetop ofthe p anels. Note:Thedefault v alueis",..."Youcan,however,changethisvalue-forexample, y oucansetthisvalueto"etal."orwhatever styleyouchoose.

Abbreviating the Author List

Somejournalsrequirethatyouabbreviatethelistofauthors,using " etal."oranequivalent,afteracertainnumberofauthors. T he AbbreviatedAuthorListsectionoftheAuthorListpanelallowsyou t ospecifythenumberofauthorsneededtotriggerthisabbreviation, h owmanyauthorstoincludeintheformattedreference,andwhattheabbreviation s houldbe. List all author names Selectthisoptionifyoudonotwanttoabbreviatetheauthorlists. If ___ or more authors, list the first ___ author(s) Selectthisoptionandfillintheblanks withtheappropriatenumbers ifyouwouldlikethelistofauthorsabbreviated. and abbreviate with Enteranabbreviationsuchas"etal."Youcanitalicizethe abbreviationbyselectingthe"Italic"checkboxinthedialog.

For Subsequent Works by the Same Author

Insomebibliographicstyles,ifathereismorethanoneworkbyan a uthor(orgroupofauthors),thefirstappearanceofthatauthor name isformatteddifferentlyfromsubsequent works.Forexample,thefirst r eferencemightlistthefullauthorname,whilesubsequentreferences d isplayalineofdashesinplaceoftheauthorname. Youcanprinttheentireauthorlistforeachreference,completely l eaveouttheauthorlistforsubsequentworks,orreplace repeatedauthor l istswithatextstring.

Abbreviated Author List - Short Form (for footnotes only)

List all author names Selectthisoptionifyoudonotwanttoabbreviatetheauthorlists. If ___ or more authors, list the first ___ author(s) Selectthisoptionandfillintheblanks withtheappropriatenumbers ifyouwouldlikethelistofauthorsabbreviated. and abbreviate with Enteranabbreviationsuchas"etal."Youcanitalicize t heabbreviationbyselectingthe"Italic"checkboxinthe d ialog. WhenyouarefinisheddefiningyourshortformAuthorLists f ootnotestyles: 1. FromtheFilemenu,clickSaveAs. 2. Giveyourupdatedsettingsaname(forexample, " MyChicago15thAuthorLists"),andthenclickSave. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions

Author N ames(BibliographyandFootnotes) Citation A uthorLists Modifying StyleTemplates

Author Names (Bibliography and Footnotes)

Name Format ThereisanAuthorNamespanelforbibliographiesandfootnotes,as w ellasforcitations.Somestylesrequestthatauthornames areformatted d ifferently inallthreecases.BesurethatyouselecttheAuthorNames p anelfromundertheappropriateheading. Theauthornamesformatfor c itationsisdescribedinCitation A uthorNames.Thistopicdescribestheoptionsthatareavailable forboththefootnoteandbibliographyAuthorNamespanel. Thesesettingsareforchoosinghowauthornamesshouldlookforexample, w hetherthefirstorlastnameshouldcomefirst, whetherthereshould b eacommaafterthelastname,andhowthenamesshouldbecapitalized. First Author/Other Authors:Using t helistforFirstAuthorandOtherAuthors,youcanhavethefirstauthor a ppeardifferently fromtheotherauthorsinareference.Fromtheselists, s electtheexamplethatshowsthenameintheorderthatyouwantinthe reference. Capitalization: S pecifyhowauthornamesshouldappear. l l l l AsIs(as e nteredinthereference) Normal(first l etterofeachnameiscapitalized) ALLUPPERCASE Small C aps(thesemayormaynotbesupportedbyyourwordprocessor)

Ifyou a pplyacapitalizationoptiontoauthornames,buthaveaspecificname t hatyoudonotwantchanged,youcanusethe ChangeCasepreferenceto leavethatnameasentered.SeeChange C asePreferences. Initials:Selectfromtheavailable o ptionsinthelisttospecifyhowtheinitialsshouldappearintheformatted references.Clickthe Initialslisttochoosehowtheauthorsfirstand middlenamesshouldbeformatted.Ifyouhavenotenteredthefullfirst n amesand youselecttheFullNamesoption,EndNoteusesthenamesas y ouhaveenteredthemintothereference.SelectLastOnlyto showjust t helastname,withnofirstormiddleinitials. Note:Initials enteredintoanEndNotereferencemustbeseparatedbyaperiodoraspace (suchasM.J.SteinorMJStein).Two letterstogether(suchasMJStein)willnotbeinterpretedastwoinitials,butinsteadasatwo-letterfirstname.

Name Format - Short Form

ThereisanAuthorNamespanelfordisplayingfootnotesinshortform. First Author/Other Authors:Using t helistforFirstAuthorandOtherAuthors,youcanhavethefirstauthor a ppeardifferently fromtheotherauthorsinafootnote.Fromtheselists, s electtheexamplethatshowsthenameintheorderthatyouwantinthe footnote. l JaneSmith l Smith,Jane l SmithJane Capitalization: S pecifyhowauthornamesshouldappear.Forexample: l AsIs l Normal

l AllUppercase l SmallCaps Initials:Selectfromtheavailable o ptionsinthelisttospecifyhowtheinitialsshouldappearintheformatted f ootnote.Forexample: l l l l l l FullName LastName A.B. A.B. AB AB

WhenyouarefinisheddefiningyourshortformAuthorName f ootnotestyles: 1. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs. 2. Giveyourupdatedsettingsaname(forexample, " MyChicago15thAuthors"),andthenclickSave. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Author L ist(BibliographyandFootnotes) Citation A uthorNames Modifying StyleTemplates

Editor List and Editor Names

Tospecifyhowtheeditorsnamesaretobeformatted,selectEditor L istorEditorNamefromundertheBibliographyorFootnote heading.In t hosepanelsyouwillfindsomeofthesamesettingsthathavebeendescribed f orformattingauthornames. TheEditorListsettingsapplytothegenericSecondaryAuthor,Tertiary A uthor,andSubsidiaryAuthorfields.Thesefields includes"Editor" i ntheBookSectionandConferenceProceedingsreferencetypes,and"Series E ditor"intheBookandEdited Bookreferencetypes. TheinstructionsfortheEditorListpanelareidenticaltothosedescribed f ortheAuthorListpanel.Similarly, t heNameFormat optionsintheEditorNamepanelarethesameasthose f orAuthorNames. "Editors" Are Considered Primary Authors for Edited Book Reference Types TheAuthorListandAuthorNamessettingsapplytotheprimaryauthor f ieldofeachreferencetype.Therefore,AuthorListand AuthorNames a pplytotheeditorsnameinanEditedBook.AndtheEditorListand E ditorNamessettingsapplytotheSeries EditorsnameinanEditedBook r eferencetype.

Name Format - Short Form

Tospecifyhowtheeditorsnamesandtheabbreviatededitors'list a retobeformattedinshortform,selectEditorListorEditor Namefrom undertheFootnoteheading.Inthosepanelsyouwillfindsomeofthe s amesettingsthathavebeendescribedforformattingauthornames. Usethemenustoselecthowyouwanttoformatthefollowinginfootnotes: l Firstauthor l Otherauthors

l Capitalization l Initials WhenyouarefinisheddefiningyourshortformEditorName / EditorListsfootnotestyles: 1. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs. 2. Giveyourupdatedsettingsaname(forexample, " MyChicago15thEditors"),andthenclickSave. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Bibliography Layout
UndertheBibliographyheadingthereisaLayoutoptionthatprovides optionsforinsertingtextbeforeandaftereachreferenceina bibliography, a swellasapplyinghangingindentstoyourreferences. Adding Text Before Each Reference Inthe"Starteachreferencewith"section,youcanspecify w hatinformation,ifany,shouldappearbeforeeachreferenceinyour bibliography.(Forinformationonhowtoaddaprefixbeforeacitation, s eeTemporaryCitations). Acommonreferenceprefixisthebibliographynumber,whichisused b yallnumberedstyles tonumberthereferencesinabibliography. Toaddabibliographynumberbeforeeachreference: 1. OpentheStyleManagerbyselectingOutputStyles f romtheEditmenu,andthenselectingOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwouldliketoedit,and t henclickEdit. 3. AftertheStylewindowopens,selectLayoutfrom u ndertheBibliographyheading. 4. Clickinthetextboxbelowthe"Starteach r eferencewith"section,andselectBibliographyNumberfrom t heInsertField list. 5. Typethenecessarypunctuationafterthebibliography n umber(suchasaperiodandaspace)orinsertatabfromtheInsert Fieldlist. Withastyleconfiguredinthisway,EndNotecreatesabibliography w ithnumberedreferences,suchas: 1.Argus,M.V. N ewpaleontologicalexcavationtechniquesNature19, 2 34-237(1993). Note:Tocreate a hangingindent,wherethesecondandsubsequentlinesofareference a reindented,seeHangingIndents below. Other Reference Prefix Fields OthercommonlyusedreferenceprefixesappearintheInsertFieldlist. Somebibliographicstyles useaLabelinthecitationandthebibliography t orefertoeachentrywithashortmnemoniccode,often theauthors n ameandthelasttwodigits oftheyear.Whenyouenterreferencesinto y ourlibrary,youcantypethemnemonic codedirectlyintotheLabelfield. W henEndNotebuilds abibliography,itcanputthatcodebeforeeachreference. SelectingCitationasareferenceprefixallowsyou t olabelthereferencesinthebibliographywiththein-textcitation.

Reference Typewillinsert t hereferencetype(suchasJournalArticleorBook)beforeeachreference. Record Numberwillinsert t herecordnumberbeforeeachreference.Therecordnumberisthenumber t hatEndNoteassignsto eachreferenceinthelibrary,anditisalso usedinthein-textcitations.AddRecordNumberasareferenceprefix i nanystylein ordertoprintallthereferencesinyourlibrarywith t heiruniqueEndNoterecordnumbers. Adding Text After Each Reference Usethe"Endeachreferencewith"sectionoftheLayoutpanel t ospecifywhatinformation,ifany,shouldfolloweachreferencein your bibliography.(Forinformationonhowtoaddtextafteranin-textcitation i nyourdocument,seeCitation S uffixes). ThiscommandcanbeusedtoaddthecontentoftheLabel,Keywords, A bstract,orNotesfield,ortheRecordNumber.Anyother textorpunctuation c analsobeenteredasareferencesuffix anditwillappearattheend o feachreferenceintheformattedbibliography.Twocommonusesforthe R eferenceSuffixcommandareshownbelow. Example: Adding Notes to the Bibliography Ifyouhavenotesthatyouwanttoprinttogetherwithyourreferences, y oushouldaddtheNotesfieldasareferencesuffixinthe stylethat y ouareusingtoprintorformatthereferences. 1. OpentheStyleManagerbyselectingOutputStyles f romtheEditmenuandselectingOpenStyleManager. 2. Selectthestylethatyouwouldliketoedit,and c lickEdit. 3. AftertheStylewindowopens,selectLayoutfrom u ndertheBibliographyheading. 4. Clickinthetextboxbelowthe"Endeach r eferencewith"section,andselectNotesfromtheInsertField l ist.Thiswill appendtheNotesfieldtoeveryreferenceinthebibliography w henyouformatapaperwiththestyle. Ifyouwantthenotestobeginonanewlineafterthereference,insert a paragraphmarkfromtheInsertFieldlistbefore"Notes." I f youwantthenotestobeindented,likethestartofanewparagraph, insertaTabbeforetheword"Notes." Adding or Removing Blank Lines Between References AnothercommonusefortheLayoutoptionsistoaddablanklinebetween r eferences.Todothis,editthestyleasdescribed above,andinsert a paragraphmark(usingtheInsertFieldlist)intothe"Endeach r eferencewith"section. Totightenupthebibliographyandgetridoftheblanklineaftereach r eference,editthestyle,clickontheLayoutpanel,andselect anddelete t heparagraphmark()togetridoftheblank l ine. Hanging Indents Manynumberedbibliographicstylesrequireahangingindent,asshown inthisexample: 1. Postma, 2. Nyamweru, EndNoteprovidesafewhangingindentoptions.Normally,eachreference i soneparagraph,sosomeoftheseoptionswouldnot apply.Butifyou h aveareferencethatincludesmorethanoneparagraph,EndNotegives y ouoptionsforwhichparagraphwithina referencethehangingindents s houldapply.Examplesofmulti-paragraphreferencesincludeannotated b ibliographieswherethe abstractsfolloweachreference,orastylesuch a sthosecommoninanthropologyjournalswheretheauthorsareonaline o ftheir own

Hangingindentoptionsinclude:None,AllParagraphs,FirstParagraph Only,SecondParagraphOnly,andAllParagraphsbutthe First.Thefollowing i sanexampleofwhenyouwoulduseSecondParagraphOnly.Thestylerequires t hatauthorsbeginontheleft margin,andthentheyear(andtherest o fthereference)startsonanewlineandisindented.Thestyleapplies a hangingindentto thesecondparagraphonly,andinsertsatabbefore a ndaftertheyear.Inthewordprocessingdocument,thespacingforthe hangingindentshouldbealignedwiththesecondtabstop. Curtis, Thespacingusedfortabsandindentsisdeterminedbytherulersettings i nyourwordprocessor. Note:Ifyouare c reatinganumberedbibliography,asshowninthepreviousexample,insert a tabafterthebibliographynumber tohavethereferenceslineupcorrectly. Tabs TabsmaybeinsertedfromtheInsertFieldlist.Atabenteredinto a stylewillappearasatabintheformattedbibliography.Thetab appears a sanarrowonthescreen.Thewidthofthetabasitappearsinthebibliography isdeterminedbythetabsettingsinyour wordprocessor. Tabsareoftenenteredafterthebibliographynumberaspartofthe L ayoutsettings.Thishelpstoalignthestartofeachreference after t henumber,whichisespeciallyimportantifthebibliographyentries u seahangingindent. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Sort Order: Bibliographies and Multiple Citations

Eachstylehasinstructionsforsortingreferences inthebibliography, a ndhowtosortformattedmultiplecitationsinthetextof yourpaper. S electSortOrderfromundereithertheCitationsorBibliographiesheadings.

Multiple Citation Sort

TheSortpanelundertheCitationheadingallowsyoutosettheorder t hatthestyleusestosortmultiplein-textcitations.Forexample,an u nformattedmultiplecitationlookslikethis: {Lee,1990#5;Jacob,1994#22;Zoler, 1 983#19} FormattedwiththeAuthor-Datestyle,thecitationsaresortedchronologically a ndtheformattedcitationlookslikethis: (Zoler1983;Lee1990; J acob1994) Optionsforsortingmultiplecitationsinclude: l Same as Bibliography SortsmultiplecitationsinthesameorderastheBibliography S ortOrder. l Author + Title Sortsmultiplecitationsfirstbyauthorsandthenbytitle. l Author + Year + Title Sortsmultiplecitationsfirstbyauthors,thenbyyear,andthenby t itle. l Year + Author

Sortsmultiplecitationschronologically.Thencitationsfromthesame y eararesortedbasedonauthornames. l Dont Sort Multiplecitationsremaininthesameorderastheyappearintheunformatted t emporarycitations. l Other Acustomsortorderisappliedtomultiplecitations.SeeCustom S orting.

Bibliography Sort Order

TheBibliographySortOrdersectiondetermineshowthebibliography s houldbesorted.Commonoptionsarelisted,andyoumay alsoconfigure acustomsortorder. l Order of Appearance Referencesarelistedintheorderinwhichtheyarecitedinthepaper. l Author + Title ReferencesaresortedbytheAuthorfield.Referenceswithidentical authorsaresortedbytitle. l Author + Year + Title ReferencesaresortedbytheAuthorfield,thenreferenceswithidentical authorsaresortedbyyear.Referenceswithidentical authorsand y earsarethensortedbytitle. l First Author + Year + Other Authors Referencesaresortedbyjustthefirstauthor,thenreferenceswith identicalprimaryauthorsaresortedbyyear.References withidentical primaryauthorsandyearsarethensortedbasedontheotherauthors i nthereference. l First Author + # of Authors + Year Referencesaresortedbyjustthefirstauthor,thenbythenumber o fauthorsinthereference.Forreferenceswiththesameprimary authorandthesamenumberofauthors,theyarethensortedchronologically b asedontheYearfield. l Other Acustomsortorderisappliedtothereferencesinthebibliography. S eeCustomSorting. l Sort Edited Works After Original Works By Same Author: Somestylesrequestthatifthesamepersonistheauthorforabook andtheeditorforaneditedbook,theoriginalworksby thatauthor a resortedfirst,andthentheeditedworksfollow.Thisisanexception t othesortingrulesthatcanbeappliedtothe othersortoptions p rovided. Note:Whensorting b yAuthorfield,EndNotesortsbasedonallinformationintheAuthor f ield,includingallauthornames(not justthefirstauthor)andinitials. T oseeaboutomittingpartsofauthornamesortheinitialwordsofa t itlewhensorting,seeSortingPreferences .

Custom Sorting
Tosortreferencesormultiplecitationsdifferentlyfromtheoptions inthe"CitationSortOrder"or"BibliographySortOrder" s ections,selecttheoptionforOther,andthenselectfromthelists a nycombinationofuptofivefieldsinascendingordescending order. ThiswindowisidenticaltotheonethatappearswhenyouselectSort R eferencesfromtheReferencesmenu.Youdonotneedto useallfiveoptions. T hebuttonattherightofeachboxcontrolsthedirectionofthesort, e itherascendingordescendingorder. Clickingtheseboxestogglesthe s ortorderbetweenascendinganddescendingorder.

Onceyouhavesetupyoursortingstrategy,clickOKtoreturntothe mainSortOrderpanelforthestyle.TheOtherbuttonwillnow display y ourcustomsortinginstructions. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Title Capitalization
BoththeFootnotesandBibliographysectionshaveaTitleCapitalization p anel.Thisletsyouenteronestyleofcapitalizationfor thetitles i nyourbibliographicreferences,andanotherformatforwhenthereferences a ppearinfootnotes. Optionsfortitlecapitalizationinclude: Leave titles As entered: Nochangesaremade. Headline style capitalization: T hefirstletterofeverysignificantwordiscapitalized.Articlesand p repositionsarenotcapitalized. Sentence style capitalization: O nlythefirst letterofeverytitleiscapitalized. Note:SeeChange C asePreferencestoenterwordsoracronymsthatshouldnotbeadjusted w henEndNotechangesthecapitalizationoftitles. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

Repeated Citations (in Footnotes)

Mostofthecomplexformattinginfootnotesisrelevantonlytostyles i nthehumanities.Thereareawidevarietyofformats requiredforciting referencesinthefootnotesofapaper.Theseoptionsareprovidedin t heRepeatedCitationspanelunderthe Footnoteheading. Somestylestaketheshorteningofreferences infootnotesevenfarther w hentherepeatedreferencesappearinconsecutivefootnotes(orinthe s amefootnote).EndNoteprovidesadditionaloptionsforthespecialhandling o fthesecases. If the Same Reference Repeats in Consecutive Citations Whenthesamereferencerepeatsinconsecutivefootnotes, y ouhavetheoptionofreplacingtherepeateddatawithtextofyour choice. T hisisnormally"Ibid(oravariation o ftheterm).SelecttheOmitrepeateddataoptionifyou w ishtoreplacerepeateddata. You m ayalsoselectanoptionfromtheInsertFieldlist.Forexample,the C itedPagesoptionliststhepagenumberswhenthe samereferencerepeats i nconsecutivefootnotes.Inthisinstance,youwouldhavetogotothe Edit ManageCitationsdialogand enterthepagesnumbersifyou w antthemforaspecificcitation. Ifyoureplacethedefault v aluewiththeAuthorfieldoptionfromtheInsertFieldslist,EndNote w ill only displaytheauthornamein theformattedreference w henitisprecededbyagroupofreferencesandtheterm"Ibid" w ouldbeambiguous.Otherwise,EndNotewilldisplaythedefault v alue(forexample,"Ibid")oranothertermofyourchoice. F orexample: GloverM.Allen, B ats: Biology, Behavior, and Folklore (Mineola,N.Y..:DoverPublications,2004),100;ibid.,200 MichaelV.Argus,"NewPaleontologicalExcavationTechniques,"Journal of Paleontology 19, ( 1993) GloverM.Allen,ibid.,300 TheOmitRepeatedDataoptionallows youtosimply omit t herepeateddataandreplaceitwithnothing.

YoumayalsoapplyNoSpecialHandlingandwhenreferences r epeatinconsecutivefootnotes,theywillbehandledjustlikeother r epeatedreferencesinfootnotes. If the Same Source Repeats in Consecutive Citations Thissettingdoesnotapplytotheidenticalreference t hatrepeatsinconsecutivefootnotes,butratherifanyofthesource d ata repeatsintwoconsecutivecitationsinmultiplecitationformat. F orexample,iftwodifferentreferenceshappentobefromthe samejournal, t hesesettingswouldapplytothejournalname,volume,andissue(or w hateverportionofthatsourceinformationis identical).Youmaychoose t he"Nospecialhandling"optionforthesecasessothatthese referencesarenotabbreviated.Or,you maychoosetoreplacetherepeated d atawith"Ibid"(orthetextofyourchoice).Ifyouchoose t hisoption,youmaylimitthe replacementtoonlytheSecondaryTitle f ield(thisincludesthejournal,magazine,ornewspapername,orthe t itleofabookfora booksection). BelowisanexampleofhowEndNoteformatssourcedatawhenitrepeatsinconsecutivecitations. 1.MorrisBirkbeck,"TheIllinoisPrariesandSettlers,"inPraireState:ImpressionsofIllinois,1673--1967,byTravelersandOtherObservers,ed.PaulM.Angle(Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress,1968),62."TheSoilofthe Big-Prairie,whichisofnogreatextentnotwithstandingitsname,isarichcoolsand;thatistosay,oneofthemost desirabledescription"(ibid.,63). Note:Werealize t hatmanyofthesedetailedsettingsforthestylecanbeconfusing.We h avedoneourbesttoconfigurethe stylesforyousothatyouwillnot needtoeditthemandworkthroughthesedetailsonyourown.However, i fyoufindthatyou needtomodifythesepartsofyourstyles,please c onsultyourstyleguideformoredetaileddescriptionsandexamplesof h andlingrepeatedcitationsinfootnotes. Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Modifying StyleTemplates

APA 6th Settings

TheAPA6thsettingsallowsyoutodisplaythefirstsixauthors(or e ditors)followedbythetextpresetto(,...)followedbythe last author(oreditor). 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electOutputStyles,OpenStyleManager. 2. FromtheStyle Managerwindow,selectAPA6thfromthelistofnames,andthen c licktheEditbutton. 3. FromtheStyle w indow,selectAuthorLists(orselectEditorListsifyouwishto e ditsettingsforeditors)undertheBibliography. 4. Selecttheradiobuttonthatreads"Ifeight ormoreauthors,listthefirst6authors,insert,...andaddthe l astauthor's name." 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs. 6. Giveyourupdatedsettingsaname(forexample, " MYAPA6thSettings"),andthenclickSave. Note:Thedefault v alueis",..."Youcan,however,changethisvalue-forexample, y oucansetthisvalueto"etal."orwhatever styleyouchoose. Note:Whenthis s ettingisselected,itoverrideswhateversettingsareintheAuthor S eparatorsandEditorSeparatorssettingsat thetopofthepanels.

Thefollowingexampleshowshowyourreferenceswillnow d isplaywiththeselectedAPA6thsetting. Gilbert,D.G.,McClernon,F. J .,Rabinovich,N.E.,Sugai,C.,Plath,L.C.,Asgaard,G.,...Botros, N .(2004).Effectsof quittingsmokingonEEG a ctivationandattentionlastformorethan31daysandaremoresevere w ithstress,dependence, DRD2A1allele,anddepressivetraits.Nicotine a ndTobaccoResearch,6(2),249-267.doi: 10.1080.1462220041000176305 Related Topics: Additional S tyleFormattingOptions Author N ames(BibliographyandFootnotes) Citation A uthorLists Modifying StyleTemplates

Figure and Table Placement and Captions

Figure and Table Placement and Captions
TheFiguresandTablessettingsapplytoimagesinsertedintoaWord d ocumentfromEndNote.Youcanplaceimageswherethey arecitedina d ocumentorattheendofthedocument,andyouhavecontroloverthe placementandpunctuationoflabels andcaptions. Whilestyleguidelinestendtobeveryspecificinregardtoformatted c itationsandbibliographies,theyareoftenvagueaboutfigure andtable placement.Theymayrequiredifferentplacementfordifferentdocument t ypes(theses,termpapers,journalarticles,and soon),ortheymay n otofferinstructionsatall. EndNotesdefaultfigureandtableplacementsettingsarethesamefor a lloutputstyles.Pleasecheckyourownstyledocumentation(orcheck w ithyoureditororteacher)forspecificguidelinesaboutimageplacement f orthetypeofdocumentyouare creating. Note:Additional F iguresandTablessettingsareavailableunderCiteWhileYouWritePreferences, a ndcanoverrideoutput stylesettings.SeeFigures a ndTablesinWord. Related Topics: Figuresand T ables Separation a ndPunctuation(FiguresandTables) TheStyleManager

Figures and Tables

UndertheFiguresandTablesheadingintheleftcolumnoftheoutput s tyleeditor,selecteitherFiguresorTables.Tablesare imagesinserted f romtheFigurefieldinthe"ChartorTable"referencetype.Figuresareimages i nsertedfromtheFigurefieldof anyotherEndNotereferencetype.The s ameoptionsareavailableundereach,whichallowsyoutoplacefigures d ifferentlythan tables. Placement UnderPlacement,selectabuttontoeitherplacetheimageswithinthe t extofthedocument,nearthereferencetothefigure,orto placeimages i nalistattheendofthedocument.

Ifyourimagesareplacedin-text,youcanuseCiteWhileYouWrite p referencestooverridethisautomaticplacementwhenyour documentis r eformatted.Thisishelpfulifyouhavemovedyourimages aroundinthe documentandwanttoretaintheirplacement.SeeFigures a ndTablesinWord. Caption Next,underCaption,selectabuttontoplacethelabelandcaption e itheraboveorbelowtheimage.Youcanalsoselectthecheck boxto p lacethelabelandcaptiononseparatelines. Note:Thelabel i nsertedbyEndNoteis"Figure#"forimages foundintheFigure a ndEquationreferencetypesaswellasfor mostotherreferencetypes. T helabelis"Table#"forimagesfoundinthe"ChartorTable"reference t ype.TheCaptionisthetext typedintotheCaptionfieldofareference. Related Topics: Figure a ndTablePlacementandCaptions Separation a ndPunctuation(FiguresandTables) TheStyleManager

Separation and Punctuation (Figures and Tables)

UnderImageSeparation,youcanenterseparatorsforimagesinserted w ithinthetextofadocumentandforimagesthatarelisted attheend ofadocument. Note:Thesettings o nthispanelaffectbothfiguresandtables. Image Separation Whenimagesareinsertedin-text,youcanspecifythenumberoflines t oinsertbeforeandaftertheimagetoseparateitfromtext. Thissetting a ffectsbothfiguresandtablesthatareplacedin-text.Ifyourimages areplacedinalistattheendofthedocument, thissettingisignored. Whenimagesareplacedinalistattheendofthedocument,youcan s eparateeachfigureortablewithapagebreakoraspecified number o fblank linesbeforeandaftereachimage.Ifyourimages areplaced i n-text,thissettingisignored. Caption Punctuation ForeachfigureortableinsertedintoWordfromanEndNotereference, E ndNotegeneratesalabelandtheninsertsthecaption fromtheCaption f ieldoftheEndNotereference.Forexample: Table1.BirdEvolution Youcanselectthecheckboxestoinsertaperiodafterthelabeland/or a fterthecaption.Thisaffectsthelabels andcaptionsfor bothfigures a ndtables. EndNotewillattempttoremovedoublepunctuationincaseyouinadvertently i ncludeaperiodwithintherecordaswellasselectingonehere. Related Topics: Figure a ndTablePlacementandCaptions Figuresand T ables TheStyleManager

Creating a New Style

Creating a New Style
Itisofteneasiertomodifyanexistingbibliographicstylethatclosely r esemblesastylethatyouneedthanitistocreateanew stylefrom s cratch.(SeeModifyingStyle T emplates.)Ifyoudowishtocreateanewstyle,Example: C reatinganAuthorDate Stylegivesyouageneraloverviewofthe p rocess. Creatingabibliographicstyleinvolvesbuildingtemplatesforthein-text c itationsandthebibliographicreferencestomimichow youwantthem t oappearinyourpaper.Thenadjustthevariousoptionstobesurethat a uthors,titles,pages,andotherfieldsare beingformattedaccording t oyourrequirements.Example: C reatinganAuthorDateStyleguidesyouthroughthecreationofa f ictitiousauthor-datetypeofstyle.

Example: Creating an Author Date Style

Creating the Templates
AnewstyleneedonlycontainaCitationtemplateandaGenericBibliography t emplateforittoproducecitationsandbibliographiesforanypaper. T heCitationtemplateappliestoallin-textcitations,andtheGeneric b ibliographytemplateappliestoall referencetypesthatdonothave t emplatesoftheirowninthestyle.TheGenerictemplateshouldbeconsidered a defaulttemplate,andyoushouldaddadditionaltemplatesforthestandard r eferencetypeswhichyouuse.Ifyoudefineaspecifictemplate forany r eferencetypes,theyareformattedaccordingtothattemplate,andnot t heGenericformat. Tocreatestyletemplates: 1. Tocreate abibliographicstyle,gototheEditmenu t oselectOutputStyle,andthenselectNewStyle,andanewUntitled Stylewindowappears. 2. Click t heTemplatespanelundertheCitationsheadingtospecifytheformat o fthein-textcitations. Ourstyleusestheauthornameandtheyearinthecitation.Theyare s urroundedbyparenthesesandseparatedbyacomma. 3. With t hecursorintheCitationTemplate,typeanopenparenthesis,click t heInsertFieldbuttonandselectAuthorfromthelist ofavailable f ields,typeacomma,selectYearfromtheInsertFieldlistandthen t ypetheclosingparenthesis. Next,definetheGenericformatwhichserves asthedefaulttemplate f orreferencetypesthatdonothavetheirowntemplate. Weknowthat b ooksshouldbeformattedlikethis,sowecansetuptheGeneric t emplatetoaccommodatethatformat: Jones,VR, 4. Click t heTemplatesoptionundertheBibliographyheading,thenclickin t he"Generic"sectionofthatTemplatespanel. 5. Select A uthorfromtheInsertFieldlisttoaddtheAuthorfieldtothestyle t emplate.(Youcanalsotype"Author"butitissaferto s electthefieldnamefromthelist.)Typeaperiodandaspace.And c ontinueinsertingfields andpunctuationuntilyouhave createda t emplatethatmimicstheformatofthereference(where"indicatesaspace): Author.(Year).Title.PlacePublished,Publisher. 6. Inthis s tyle,thetitlemustbeitalicized,sodouble-clickthewordTitle t oselectit,thenfromtheEditmenu,selectStyleand Italic. 7. Save t henewstylebyselectingSavefromtheFilemenu.Inthedialog t hatappears,type"PracticeStyle"asthenameofthis styleandclickSave.Thiswillsavethestyleandadditasanoption i ntheOutputStylessubmenuoftheEditmenu. Test the Style

OpenyourlibraryandselectShowPreviewfromthebottomoftheLibrary w indow.Selectdifferentreferencesinyourlibraryto seehowtheyformat. Youwillprobablyseethatthebookslookgood,butjournalarticlesdo n otdisplayenoughinformation.You willneedtoreturntothestyleand c reateatemplatetoformatjournalarticles.Todoso: Create a New Template for Journals IntheTemplatespanelundertheBibliographyheading,selectJournal ArticlefromtheReferenceTypelist.Thiswillcreateanew sectionfor a JournalArticletemplate.Insertthefieldsandpunctuationtocreate a templateasshownbelow: Author(Year). SavethestylebyselectingSavefromtheFilemenu.ReturntotheLibrary w indow,andcheckthepreviewtoseehowjournal articlereferencesare f ormatted.

Finishing the Style

Continuetestinghowotherreferencetypesformat,andincludeadditional r eferencetypetemplatesasnecessary.SeeModifying StyleTemplatesforspecificsaboutcreatingandmodifyingstyletemplates. Lookathowtheauthornamesareformatted,andchangethenecessary s ettings.Youshouldalsotakeacloselookatpages,title capitalization, t hesortorderofthereferences,andvariousotheroptionsprovidedin t heStylewindow.Thesearedescribedin Additional S tyleFormattingOptions.

Filters
Introduction to Filters
Introduction to Filters
TheImportcommandonEndNotesFilemenuprovidesawaytoimporttext f ilesofreferencedataintoEndNotelibraries.EndNotehasanumberof built-inimportoptionsaswellasalargecollectionofconfigurable i mport"filters."Filtersaredesignedto importreferences d ownloadedfromspecificonlineorCD-ROMbibliographicdatabases. Youcaneditandcreateimportfilters.Theprocessofimportingreferences usingtheImportcommandisdescribedinGeneral ImportingInstructions. EndNoteprovideshundredsofimportfiltersforavarietyofsources. Bydefault,onlythemostpopularfiltersarestoredasindividualfiles intheFiltersfolderinyourEndNoteprogramfolder.Toinstalladditional f ilters,seeInstalling AdditionalFilters.

What is a Filter?
Theimportfiltersprovideawiderangeofimportoptions.A f ilterisselectedduringtheimportprocesstoshowEndNoteexactly how t ointerprettheinformationinyourdata file(therecordsdownloaded orsavedfromanonlineorCD-ROMdatabase).Afilter doesthisbymapping t heinformationineachdownloadedreferencetothecorrespondingfields i nEndNote. Becauseeachdatabaseofferedbythevariousinformationprovidershas itsownwaytoorganizereferencedata,thereneedsto beadifferent f ilterforeachdatabase.EachfilterprovidedwithEndNotehasbeenconfigured t oimportdatafilesfromaspecific databaseofferedbyasingleinformation provider.Youcaneasily modifyanyofthesuppliedfiltersorcreate a newfiltertoimport fromotherdatabases. A Comment About Difficult Data Files Although E ndNotesfiltersareverypowerfulandflexibleimporttools, therearestillsomedatafilesthatcannotbeconquered. W hereassome databasesprovideverycleantaggeddata,others a realmostimpossible todiscern.Lackofconsistency inthe s ourcedataandtheomissionof referencetypetagsoften m akeitdifficultforapersontounderstandthe information; t hetaskofcreatingaperfectfiltertohandlethesefiles i s futile.Whenfinetuningourfilters,wehavedoneour b esttoalwayscapturethenecessarydataevenifthatmeans d roppingitallintothe Notesfield.Ifyoufindfilters t hatcanbefurtherimproved,pleaseletus know.Itmayalso h elptocontactyourinformationprovidertoletthem know t hattheinconsistenciesinthedataentryforthedatabase are keepingyoufrommostefficientlymakinguseofit. Related Topics: CopyingFilters Creating a NewFilter DeletingFilters SavingFilters The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions Working w ithFilterTemplates

What is a Filter?
Theimportfiltersprovideawiderangeofimportoptions.Afilter i sselectedduringtheimportprocesstoshowEndNoteexactly howtointerpret t heinformationinyourdatafile(therecordsdownloadedorsavedfrom a nonlineorCD-ROMdatabase).Afilter doesthisbymappingtheinformation i neachdownloadedreferencetothecorrespondingfieldsinEndNote. Becauseeachdatabaseofferedbythevariousinformationprovidershas itsownwaytoorganizereferencedata,thereneedsto beadifferent f ilterforeachdatabase.EachfilterprovidedwithEndNotehasbeenconfigured t oimportdatafilesfromaspecific databaseofferedbyasingleinformation provider.Youcaneasily modifyanyofthesuppliedfiltersorcreate a newfiltertoimport fromotherdatabases. A Comment About Difficult Data Files Although E ndNotesfiltersareverypowerfulandflexibleimporttools, therearestillsomedatafilesthatcannotbeconquered. W hereassome databasesprovideverycleantaggeddata,others a realmostimpossible todiscern.Lackofconsistencyinthe s ourcedataandtheomissionof referencetypetagsoften m akeitdifficultforapersontounderstandthe information; t hetaskofcreatingaperfectfiltertohandlethesefiles i s futile.Whenfinetuningourfilters,wehavedoneour b esttoalwayscapturethenecessarydataevenifthatmeans d roppingitallintothe Notesfield.Ifyoufindfilters t hatcanbefurtherimproved,pleaseletus know.Itmayalso h elptocontactyourinformationprovidertoletthem know t hattheinconsistenciesinthedataentryforthedatabase are keepingyoufrommostefficientlymakinguseofit.

The Filter Manager

EndNoteprovideshundredsofimportfiltersforavarietyofsources. Bydefault,onlythemostpopularfiltersarestoredasindividual f ilesintheFiltersfolderinyourEndNoteprogramfolder.Toinstall additionalfilters,seeInstalling AdditionalFilters. TheFilterManagerliststhenames o ftheoriginalfilterfilesavailableinthe Program F iles\EndNote\Filters f olderaswellasany newormodifiedfilters i nyourpersonalFiltersfolder,andgivesyoutheoptiontoeditthem orselectthemas"favorites"forquick accesswhenyouuse t heImportcommand.Youcanclickanddragthecornerofthedialogto i ncreasethesize. Usethesefeaturestolocatetheimportfilteryouwanttouse: l Ifyouknowthenameofthefilterthatyou w anttouse,youmaystarttypingitandthefirstfilternamethat m atcheswhat youtypewillbeselected. l Clickthe Find Bybutton a ndselectaninformationprovidersname(suchasOvid)tofindonly t heimportfiltersforaspecificinformationprovider. l Clickthe Find B ybutton a ndselectAllFilterstoreturnalloftheimportfilterstothe d isplayedlist. l Clickacolumnheadingtosorttheimportfilters bynameorbyinformationprovider.Clickingthesamecolumnheading a secondtimewillchangethesortorderfromascendingtodescending. C lickagaintosetitbacktoascendingorder. l ClicktheMoreInfobuttonatthebottomof t hedialogtodisplayadditionalinformationabouttheselectedfilter.

Marking Your Favorite Import Filters

Whenyouhavefoundafilterthatyouwillwanttouseinthefuture, c lickthecheckboxtotheleft o fittomarkitasafavorite. All filtersthataremarkedasfavoritesappearintheImportOptions l istintheImportdialog.YoucangettotheImportdialogby

selecting I mportfromtheFilemenu.Thisgivesyoueasyaccesstothosefilesyou u semostoften. Tomarkallofthefiltersforaspecificinformationprovider,click t heFindBy b uttonand,fromthatlist,selectthenameoftheinformation p rovider.Now,withjustthatsubsetoffilterslistedintheFilterManager w indow,clickMarkAll.TheUnmarkAllbutton maybeusedtounmark allofthefiltersthatareshowinginthelist. Editing Import Filters Ifyouwouldliketomodifyafilter,selectitinthelistandclick Edit.Thesetopicscanhelpguideyou: l l l l l TheBasicComponentsofaFilter TheFilterEditorWindow WorkingwithFilterTemplates TheFilterOptions ModifyinganExistingFilter: A nExample

Copying Filters
WhenyoudisplayalistoffiltersinEndNote,thelistiscomprised o ftheinstalledfiltersfoundintheProgram Files\EndNote\Filtersfolderaswellasnewormodifiedfiltersfound i nyourpersonalFiltersfolder.Foranexplanationofwhereyourfiles arestored,seeFolderLocations P references. Therearetwowaystocopyfilters.Sinceeachfilterisaseparate f ileonyourharddrive,youcancopythemasyouwouldcopy anyfile o nyourharddriveusingWindows Explorer. TomakeacopyofafilterfromwithinEndNote: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectImportFiltersandselect O penFilterManager. 2. SelectthefilteryouwanttocopyandclickEdit. 3. Withoutmakinganychangestothefilter,select S avefromtheFilemenu. 4. Givethiscopyofthefilteranewname, andthen s aveit. ThefileissavedinyourpersonalFiltersfolder.Thenewfilterwill r emainopen.Theoriginalfilterwillbeleftuntouched.

Saving Filters
Tosaveanewfilterthatyouhavejustcreated,ortosavechanges t oafilteryouhavejustmodified,selectSaveorSaveAsfrom theFile m enu. IfyouhavemodifiedoneoftheoriginalinstalledfilesintheProgram F iles\EndNote\Filtersfolder,youmustuseSaveAstosavea copyto y ourpersonalFiltersfolder.Ifyouhavemodifiedastylethatisalready l ocatedinyourpersonalFiltersfolder,youcan selecteitherSaveto d irectlymodifythefile,orSaveAstomakeacopywiththechanges. F oradescriptionofwhereyourstyles arestored,seeFolder L ocations. EndNoteautomaticallysavesnewfilterstoyourpersonalFiltersfolder. Y oumayalsospecifyadifferentfolderifnecessary.For instructions s eeFolderLocations. EndNotefiltersusethefilenameextensionof".ENF"(forEndNoteFilter),asin"Medline.enf.

Deleting Filters
TodeleteafilterfromwithinEndNote:

1. FromtheEditmenu,selectImportFilters> O penFilterManager. 2. Selectthefiltertobedeleted. 3. SelectClearfromtheEditmenu,orright-click o nthefilterandselectDeletefromtheshortcutmenu,orpressthe D elete key. Youcanalsodeleteanunwantedfilterbyswitchingbacktothe W indowsdesktop,andopeningtheappropriateFiltersfolder(see FolderLocationsPreferences). Then,select t hefiletodeleteandselectDelete f romtheFilemenuordragthefiletotheRecycle Bin . Note: Y oumusthaveread/writeaccesstotheFiltersfolderinordertodelete a filter.Ifyoudonothaveadministratoraccess, youlikely willnot b eabletodeleteafilelocatedwithintheProgramFilesfolder.

Basic Components of a Filter

The Basic Components of a Filter
Youneedtoknowthebasiccomponentsofafilterifyouwanttocustomize orcreateafilter. l Tocreateanew i mportfilter:FromtheEditmenu,selectImportFiltersandselect N ewFilter.Ifyouareinterestedincreatinganewfilter,alsoread C reatingaNewFilter. l Toeditafilter: F romtheEditmenu,selectImportFilters,andthenselectOpenFilter M anager.Selectthefiltertoeditand clickEdit.Themostrecently u sedfiltercanalsobeeasily editedbyselectingImportFilters f romtheEditmenu,andselectingEdit<filter>. Thesetopicsexplainthebasiccomponentsofafilter: l TheFilterEditorWindow l AboutThisFilterPanel l WorkingwithFilterTemplates l TheFilterOptions Related Topics: Creating a FilterforMARCRecords Creating a NewFilter Example: M odifyinganExistingFilter TheFilter M anager

The Filter Editor Window

Afterchoosingtheoptiontoeditanexistingfilterorcreateanew o ne,EndNoteopenstheFilterwindow. Allofthedifferentoptionsforeditingafilterarelistedonthe l eftsideoftheFilterwindow.Clickonanitemtoviewtheassociated settings.Youmayswitchbetweenpanelsasneededwhileeditingthefile. N ochangesaresavedinanyofthepanels untilyou selectSaveorSave A sfromtheFilemenu. Ifatanytimeyouneedtorevertyourchangesbacktothelastsaved c opyofthefilter,selectRevertFilterfromtheFilemenu. TocloseaFilterwindow,clickthebuttonintheupper right c ornerofthewindow,orselectCloseFilterfromtheFilemenu.Ifyou havenotsavedyourchangestothefilter,EndNotepromptsyouandgives y outheoptiontosaveordiscardanychangesthatyou havemade.

Related Topics: About t hisFilterPanel Creating a NewFilter SavingFilters The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Unique A spectsofMARCRecords Working w ithFilterTemplates

About this Filter Panel

TheFilterwindowopenstodisplaytheAboutthisFilterpanel.This p anelcontainsdescriptiveinformationaboutthefilter.Noneof theinformation u sedinthispanelhasanyimpactonestablishingtheconnection. Name:Displaysthename o fthefilterasitappearsintheFiltersfolderintheEndNotefolder. T hefilenameextension(.ENF)is notdisplayed.Thenameofthe f iltercannotbechangedhere;youwouldneedtoclosethiswindowand s witchbacktotheWindowsdesktop t orenamethefilter. Based On:Enteranyinformation a boutwhatdocumentationwasusedtocreatethefilter.Commonlytheserver d ocumentationis availableontheWeb,soyoucouldenteraURLhereas w elltomakeiteasytolaterretrievethatinformation. Category:Thecategoryistypically t heinformationprovider(suchasOvid),butyoumayenteranythingthatwillhelpyoucategorizeandorganizeyourfilters.ThecategoryinformationisalsolistedintheFilterManagerwindowinthecolumnnexttothe nameofthefilter.Inthatwindow,youmaysortfiltersbycategoryandalsosearchforthembycategory. Created:Thedatethefilterwasinstalled o rcreated. Last Modified:Thedatethefilter w aslastmodified. Comments and Limitations:Enterany helpfulinformationsuchashowtodownloadthereferencesintheformat t hatworkswith thisfilter. AlloftheinformationinthispanelisvisibleintheFilterManager ifyouclicktheMoreInfooptionatthebottomoftheFilterManager w indow.Thisishelpfulbecauseyoudonotneedtoeditafiltertoview t hecommentsorotherdescriptiveinformation.You maysimply scrollthrough t heavailablefiltersintheFilterManagerwindowandviewtheinformation t here.

Working with Filter Templates

Working with Filter Templates (Import Filters and Connection Files)
ThemostimportantpartofafilterorconnectionfileistheTemplates s ection.Thetemplatesdefinehowthevariouslinesof taggeddatain y ourdatafileshouldbeimportedandfilteredintothedifferentEndNote f ields (suchasAuthor,Year,andTitle).Differentsetsoftemplates a rerequiredforthedifferentreferencetypesthatmaybeinyourdata f ile. TheTemplatespanelconsistsofindividualReferenceTypetemplates w hichcorrespondtothewaythereferencedataispresentedinthedata f ile.Thesetopicswillhelpyou: l NavigatingintheTemplatesPanel l TemplatesforDifferentReference T ypes l AddingandDeletingRowsin t heFilterTemplate

l Cutting,CopyingandPastingRows l LiteralTextvs. E ndNoteFields l The{IGNORE} F ield l TheSourceLine l TheReferenceTypeTag l FieldswithSpecialCharacteristics l WhenPunctuationRepeatsWithin a Field

Navigating in the Templates Panel (Import Filters and Connection Files)

TheTemplatespanelinafilterisdividedintoaTagcolumnandaField(s)column.Thetaganditscorrespondingfield(s)aretwo separatecellsinarow.Ifacellisactive,anoutlineappearsaroundthecell. Tag TI: Tomovefromonecelltothenext,presstheTab k eyorclickthemouseinthedesiredcell.Tomovebacktotheprevious c ell,hold downtheShiftkeywhilepressing t heTabkey. TochangethewidthoftheTagcolumnintheFilterwindow,position t hecursorovertheverticallinedividingtheTagandField(s) columns.Thecursorchangestoindicatethatyouareinthecorrectplace. C lickanddragtotherightorlefttoresizethecolumn widths. ClicktheReferenceTypeslisttochangetheviewtoadifferentreference t ype(suchasfromJournalArticletoBook). Related Topics: Adding a ndDeletingRowsintheFilterTemplate Cutting, C opyingandPastingRows The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Working w ithFilterTemplates Field(s) Title

Templates for Different Reference Types (Import Filters and Connection Files)
TheTemplatespanelincludestemplatesforallofthevariousreference t ypes(JournalArticleandBook). Click t heReferenceTypeslisttochangetheviewtoadifferentreference t ype(suchasfromJournalArticletoBook). Thereferencetypesthathaveacheckmarkdisplayednexttothemalready h aveatemplatedefined(youcaneditthetemplateif youwish).The r eferencetypethatappearsinboldtypeiscurrentlythedefault r eferencetype. Theonlyreferencetypestemplatesthatneedtobefilledinarethe o nesthatcorrespondtothereferencetypesinyourdatafile. Forexample, i fthedatabasefromwhichyouaredownloadingcontainsonlyjournalarticles, y ouwouldonlyneedtofillinthetemplatesfortheJournalArticlesection i nthatparticularfilter. Withineachreferencetypetemplatethereisalistoftagsandtheir c orrespondingEndNotefieldnames.Thesetemplatesshould exactlymatch t hewaytheinformationisorganizedinthedatafile.Anytextorpunctuation t hatyouseethatisnotpartofafield name(suchas"vol.beforetheVolume)isincludedtomakethe t emplateexactlymatchthedatafile.

Related Topics: Adding a ndDeletingRowsintheFilterTemplate Cutting, C opyingandPastingRows The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Working w ithFilterTemplates

Adding and Deleting Rows in the Filter Template (Import Filters and Connection Files)
Whenaddinganddeletingrows,theorderofthetagsdoesnothaveto matchtheorderofthetagsinthedatafile.Thereisone caseinwhich t heorderofthetagsisimportant:ifyouareenteringmultiplevariations ofonetaggedline,youshouldenterthe repeatedlinesforthattagin orderfromthemostcomplextothesimplest.ThisisbecauseEndNotelooks f ormatchesstarting fromthetopofthewindow workingdownthelist o ftags.Itstopsatthefirsttemplatethatmatchesthetaggeddata. Tostartanewrowimmediately belowtheactiverow,positionthecursorintheField(s)cell,andpressEnter. Tostartanewrowimmediately abovetheactiverow,positionthecursorintheTagcell,andpressEnter. Todeletearow,highlighttherowandselectClearfromtheEditmenu. Related Topics: Cutting, C opyingandPastingRows Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Working w ithFilterTemplates

Cutting, Copying and Pasting Rows (Import Filters and Connection Files)
YoumayusetheCut,Copy,andPastecommandstomoveorduplicatea c ellorarowofcells.Todoso: 1. Selectarowbydraggingthemouseacross both c olumns.(Draggingthemouseverticallyacrossmorethanonerow selects a rangeofrows.) 2. Toduplicatetheselectedrow(s) e lsewhereinafilter,selectCopy(Ctrl+C)fromtheEditmenu.Ifyouwanttodeletethe selectedrowandmoveittoanotherlocation,selectCut(Ctrl + X). 3. Clickwhereyouwouldlikethecutorcopiedrow t oappear,andselectPaste( C trl +V)fromtheEditmenu.Thepasted rowwillbeinserted a bovetherowwherethecursoris.IfthecursorisintheField(s)column,thepastedrowwillbeinserted b elow.(Pastingwhenanentirerowisselectedwillreplacetherow.) Copying and Pasting Between Reference Type Templates BychoosingSelectAll( C trl+A)fromtheEditmenu,youcanselectalloftherows i nagivenReferenceTypetemplate.Thisis usefulforcopyinganentire t emplatetoanewreferencetypeorfilter.Aftercopyingtheentireset o ftemplatesforareferencetype, youmayselectadifferentreference t ypefromtheReferenceTypelistatthetopofthewindow,clickinthe Tagcellforthenewreferencetype,andselectPaste. Whenyoucopyinformationfromonereferencetype(suchasJournalArticle), a ndpastetherowsintoanotherreferencetype (suchasNewspaper),the f ieldnamesautomaticallychangetoreflectthenamesusedbythenew referencetype.Ifthereisnota

correspondingfieldnameinthenew referencetype,theoriginalfieldnameinthetemplateisreplacedwith { IGNORE},indicating thatthedatafor t hattagwillbeignored. Related Topics: AddingandDeletingRowsintheFilterTemplate TemplatesforDifferentReferenceTypes TheBasicComponentsofaFilter TheFilterManager TipsforEnteringTagsandFields WorkingwithFilterTemplates

Literal Text vs. EndNote Fields (Import Filters and Connection Files)
Whenyoulookatafilter,youwillnoticethatsomeofthetemplates c ontaininformationotherthanEndNotefieldnames.ForEndNotetoidentify w hichdatashouldgointoaparticularEndNotefield,youmustinclude p unctuationandanyliteraltextorspaces thatappearinyourdatafile. PunctuationandliteraltextactasdelimitersallowingEndNotetoparse t hedataintomultipleEndNotefields.Noneofthese"delimiters" a ctuallygetsimportedintoanEndNotelibrary,theymerelyserveasguides f orEndNoteto correctlyimportthedata. Hereisanexampleofadatafilessourceline(SO:)where,inaddition t opunctuation,thereisliteraltextsuchas"v","n" a nd"p" precedingthedata: SO:Youth T heatreJournal.v6n4p3-6 The"v","n"and"p"areconsideredliteral t extbecausetheyarenotEndNotefieldnames;theyrepresenttheliteral t extfromthe datafilethatprecedesthedatathatyouwanttoimport. I nthisparticularsourceline,therearefourdifferentpiecesofinformation: thejournalname,volume,issue,andpages.TohelpEndNotedetermine w henonefieldendsandthenextonebegins,youmust inserttheliteral t ext,punctuation,andspacesfoundinthedatafilenexttotheappropriate f ieldname. Asaresult,theaboveSO:taglineshouldberepresentedinafilter likethis: Tag SO: Field(s) Journal. v Volume

Insomedatabases,youmayfindlinesofdatathatincludeawordthat i salsoanEndNotefieldname.Thefollowingsourceline containsthe w ord"pages"beforethepagenumbers: SO:Town-planning-review. v ol.62,no.4,pages461-469. Ifenteredintothefilter,EndNotewouldnormallyinterprettheword " pages"asafieldname.(Thisistruewhetheryoutypeitin t he filterorinsertitusingtheInsertFieldlist.)ToforceEndNote t oreadafieldsnameasliteraltext,surroundthenamewithaccent gravecharacters,asin`pages` .Theaccentgravecharacterisfound i ntheupperleftcorner,underthetilde(~)keyofthekeyboard.To m atchtheSO:lineshownabove,thesourcelineinthefiltershouldappear a s: Tag SO: Related Topics: Fields w ithSpecialCharacteristics Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The{IGNORE}Field Field(s) Journal. v ol.Volume,no.Issue,`

The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheReference T ypeTag TheSourceLine Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields When PunctuationRepeatsWithinaField Working w ithFilterTemplates

The {IGNORE} Field (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Theremaybepiecesofinformationinalineofdatathatyoudonot w antimportedintoyourEndNotelibrary.ToforceEndNoteto ignorepieces o finformation,usetheInsertFieldlisttoinsert"{IGNORE}intheappropriateplace.Forexample, s upposeyouwant EndNotetoignorebracketedtextthatsometimesfollows t hetitleofanarticle: TI:Research f undsaredwindling.[letter] YoushouldaddanewTItagandtemplateto y ourfilter(abovetheexistingTI:Titleline)thatlooks l ikethis: Tag TI: Field(s) Title. [ {IGNORE}]

Related Topics: Fields w ithSpecialCharacteristics Literal T extvs.EndNoteFields Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheReference T ypeTag TheSourceLine Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields When PunctuationRepeatsWithinaField Working w ithFilterTemplates

The Source Line (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Thesourcelineistypicallythemostcomplexlineofdatainarecord b ecauseitcontainsalloftheinformationaboutthesourceof publication. F orajournalarticle,thesourcelinemaycontainthejournalname,the v olumenumber,theissuenumber,page numbers,andtheyearofpublication. F orabook,thesourcelinemaycontainthepublisher,thecity,andthe n umberofpages. Thesourcelineinyourfiltermustmatchexactlythesourcelinein t hedatafileinorderforEndNotetodistinguishonepieceof information f romanother.Youwilloftenfindmorethanonevariationofasource l ineforagivenreferencetypeinasingledatafile, inwhichcaseyou w illneedtocreateaseparatesourcelineforeachvariant,starting w iththemostcomplexsource.Thethree sourcelinesdisplayedbelowcome f romasingledatabase: SO: Semin-Oncol.76(3):465-711998 SO: Semin-Oncol.127:5-241999 SO: Eur-J-Cancer.118/6(654-657)1998

InthefirstSO:tagline,parenthesesenclosetheissuenumber"(3)". I nthesecondSO:tagline,thereisnoissue,soacolonseparatesthe v olumenumberandthepagenumbers"127:5-24".Inthethird S O:tagline,aslashseparatesthevolumenumberand theissuenumber " 118/6",andparentheses enclosethepagenumbers"(654-657)". Eachvariantinthedatafiles sourcelinesmustbedefinedinyour f ilter.SinceEndNotetriestomatchthesourcelineinthedata file w iththefirstdefinedsourcelineinyourfilter,youshouldplacethe m ostdetailedsourcelinefirst,followedbyprogressively lessdetailed s ourcelines. Thefilterfortheabovesourcelinesshouldlooklikethis: Tag AU: TI: SO: SO: SO: KW: Field(s) Author Title Journal. V olume(Issue):PagesYear Journal. V olume/Issue(Pages)Year Journal. V olume:PagesYear Keywords

Note:Ifthefilter f ailstomatchavariationofthesourcelineforajournalarticle,it i spossibletohaveEndNoteinterpretthedata onitsown.SeeSource P arsing. Related Topics: Fields w ithSpecialCharacteristics Literal T extvs.EndNoteFields Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The{IGNORE}Field The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheReference T ypeTag Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields When PunctuationRepeatsWithinaField Working w ithFilterTemplates

The Reference Type Tag (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Areferencetypetagidentifiesthekindofworkorpublicationbeing referencedinaparticularrecordinyourdatafile.IntheFilter window, a referencetypetagisonlydefinedbythecharacteristicofhavingliteral t ext,andnofields,enteredintothefieldcolumn. Thisliteraltext i snotimportedintoEndNote,butitisusedonlytoidentifyarecords r eferencetype. Althoughareferencetypetagcanbeanytagatall,twocommonreference t ypetagsare"DTandand"PT"(whichstandforDocumentTypeandPublicationType). JN-Am ToensurethatEndNoteimportsthedataintothecorrectreferencetype, y oumusttypetheReferenceTypetagintheTagcolumn,andthereference t ypename(orotheridentifyingtext)exactlyasitappearsinthedata f ileintheField(s)column.(Thematching i scase-sensitive.)TheReferenceTypetagcanbeplacedanywhereinthe a ppropriateReferenceTypetemplate. WhenEndNoteimportsarecord,itfirstscansthedatafile,looking f orareferencetypetaginyourfilter.Thenitlooksforamatch in t herecorditsimporting.Thefirstreferencetypetagmatchencountered d etermineswhichoftheReferenceTypetemplates

EndNotewillusetoparse t herecord.ThismatchalsodetermineswhichreferencetypeEndNoteassigns t herecordintheEndNotelibrary. WhenenteringtheReferenceTypetaginyourfilter,thetextyouenter i ntheFieldcellmustbeinterpretedbyEndNoteasliteral text.Aproblem c anarisewhenyouhavetextthatcontainsanEndNotefieldname.For e xample,thefollowingReferenceType tagcontainsthefieldname"Journal": Tag DT: Field(s) Journal A rticle

Becausethefieldname"Journal"appearsinthetemplate, E ndNotewillnotinterpretthisDT-tagline a stheReferenceTypetag. Instead,thefilterwouldimportthewordJournal (fromthedatafilesDT:line)intotheJournalfield. ToforceEndNotetointerpretthewordJournal(oranyotherfieldname) a sliteraltext,putanaccentgravecharacteratthestart andendof t heword.(Theaccentgravecharacterisfoundintheupperleftcorner o fthekeyboard,underthetilde(~)key.)The aboveReferenceTypetag s houldappearinafilteras: Tag DT: Field(s) `Journal`Article

IfthedatabaseyouusedoesnotspecifyaReferenceTypetag,allreference t ypesinyourdatafilewillimportasthedefaultreferencetype(see R eferenceType). Related Topics: Fields w ithSpecialCharacteristics Literal T extvs.EndNoteFields Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The{IGNORE}Field The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheSourceLine Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields When PunctuationRepeatsWithinaField Working w ithFilterTemplates

Fields with Special Characteristics

CertainEndNotefieldscontainspecialrestrictionsonwhatsortof d atacanbeimported.Thesesettingscannotbemodifiedand applytoall i mportfilters. Author Fields Thewords"AndOthers"getconvertedto"etal"and t heword"and"isomitted.Yearsaswellasparentheticalor b racketedtext areremovedbydefault.SeeAuthor P arsing. Year Only4-digitnumbers(1###or20##)areimported.Youcannot import r eferencesthathaveadateof2010orlaterinEndNoteX2 andprevious v ersionsofEndNote. Title Thefollowingpunctuationisremovedfromtheendofatitle: Period,comma,semicolon, colon,forwardslash,backslash,openingparenthesis, d ash,andcaret.

Pages A"P"or"p"beforethenumberisautomaticallyremoved. Volume A"V"or"v"beforethenumberisautomaticallyremoved, a sisanumberthatappearstobeayear. Issue An"N","No"or"No."beforethenumberis a utomaticallyremoved(thisisnotcasesensitive). Related Topics: Literal T extvs.EndNoteFields Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The{IGNORE}Field The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheReference T ypeTag TheSourceLine Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields When PunctuationRepeatsWithinaField Working w ithFilterTemplates

When Punctuation Repeats Within a Field (Import Filters and Connection Files)
Aspecialformattingcharactercalleda"verticalbar"(|) c anbeplacedinafiltertoindicatearepeatingseparatorwithinafield. For example,youmayhaveadatafilewhereaperiodfollowedbyaspace s eparatesajournalnamefromthevolume.However,in somecases,this s eparatorispartofthejournalnameitself,withtheresultthataperiod a ndaspacecannotbereliablyusedto distinguishajournalnamefrom t hevolume.Forexample: SO:Science. 1 0(3):p.80-90 Theabovesourcelinewouldbedefinedinafilteras: Tag SO: Field(s) Journal. V olume(Issue):p.Pages

Anothersourcelineinthesamedatafilemightlooklikethis: SO:Proc.Nat. Theproblemarisesinthesecondsourcelinewheretheseparatorbetween t hejournalandvolume(periodandaspace)isfound repeatedlywithin t hejournal.TheSO:lineinthefilterinstructsEndNotetoimportthe datauptotheperiodandspaceintotheJournalfield.Consequently, EndNotewouldparse"Proc."asthejournalname,andeverythingaftertheperiod u ptotheopenparenthesisasthevolume,sothevolumewouldbe"Nat. Acad.". Thereisawaytoindicatearepeatingseparatorwithinafieldinthe f ilter.Ifyouplaceaverticalbar(|)beforetheseparator,this instructs EndNotetoreaduptothelastoccurrenceofthisseparator.Intheexample a bove,ifweplaceaverticalbarbeforethe repeatingJournalfieldseparator ( periodandspace),theSO:lineinthefilterwouldlooklikethis: Tag SO: Field(s) Journal|.Volume(Issue):p.Pages

ThisSO:lineinthefilterinstructsEndNotetoimportallthedata w iththeperiodfollowedbyaspaceseparatorasajournal.Here, EndNote w ouldimport"Proc. Nat. " a stheJournal,and"13 "asthe V olume. Related Topics: Fields w ithSpecialCharacteristics Literal T extvs.EndNoteFields Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes The{IGNORE}Field The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheReference T ypeTag TheSourceLine Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Working w ithFilterTemplates

The Filter Options

The Filter Options (Import Filters and Connection Files)
TheremainderoftheoptionslistedintheFilterwindow belowTemplates p rovidethetoolsforfinetuningyourfilter.Theseoptions include, a mongotherthings,howauthornames shouldbeinterpreted,howtextis i ndentedinyourdatafile,andwhichcharacters shouldbeomittedwhen y ouimportrecordsintoanEndNotelibrary. EndNotes "Smart" Settings Whenpossible,EndNoteprovidesaSmartoptionforyourchoicesinconfiguring t hefilters.WhereveryouselectaSmartoption,it meansthatEndNote w illdoitsbesttointerpretthedata.Ifyoudonotknowexactlyhow t hereferenceisconfiguredinthedata file,orifthereisalotof v ariability amongtheformatofthereferences,thentheSmartoptions a reprobablygoingtobethemost reliablesettings.Incaseswherethe S martoptiondoesnotworkforyourdatafile,youmaytrytheotheroptions providedforthat particularsetting. Thesetopicsdescribethevariousfilteroptions: l AuthorParsing l ContinuationLines l ReferenceType l FieldEditing l RecordLayout l SourceParsing Related Topics: The B asicComponentsofaFilter TheFilter M anager TheSourceLine Working w ithFilterTemplates

Author and Editor Parsing (Import Filters and Connection Files)

UsetheAuthorParsingpaneltospecifyhowauthornamesarearranged inyourdatafile.Thesesettingsapplyonlytoauthorsin EndNotesmain (Generic)Authorfield.TheEditorParsingpanelappliestoeditors,translators, a ndotherauthorsthatareinEndNotesGenericSecondaryAuthor,Tertiary A uthor,andSubsidiaryAuthorfields. Name Order Usethe"NameOrder"settingstospecifytheorderinwhich f irstandlastnamesarearrangedinthedatafile.Examplesappropriate t oeachsettingareshownbelow: Last Always Precedes First AU:Smith,J.; First Always Precedes Last AU:J.Smith, Name Order is Inconsistent AU:Smith,J., Interpreting First Names The"InterpretFirstNamesas"optionallowsyoutospecify exactlyhowEndNoteshouldinterpretthepartoftheauthornamethat ithasidentifiedasthefirstnameorinitials. ThedefaultissettoSmart,whichusesthefollowingrule:Ifthere a rethreeorfewercontiguousuppercaseletters,theseletters areimported a sinitials.Otherwise,thelettersareimportedasawholename.For e xample,iftheauthorsnameappearsinthe datafileas: AU:Childs, Smartparsingwillinterpret"Jackie"asthefirst name,and " D"asthemiddleinitial.Thisauthornamewouldimportas: Author: Childs,JackieD. Iftheauthorsnameappearsinthedatafileas AU:von B raun,ED SmartparsingwillinterpretEDasinitials;thustheauthornamewould i mportintoEndNoteas: Author: vonBraun,E.D. EndNotewouldonlyimportEDasafirstname"Ed"ifyouselected t heWholeNamesoption. TheWholeNamesandInitialsOnlyoptionsshouldonlybeusedinspecial c ases.TheWholeNamesoptionshouldbeusedinthe casewheretheauthors i nyourdatafilearealluppercase,andfullnamesareused.Thisoption p reventsEndNotefromconverting namesconsistingoftwoorthreeuppercase l etters,asin"SUE"or"AL"toinitials.Forexample, i ftheauthorsnameappearsin thedatafileas: AU:TOBIES, S UE

theWholeNamesoptionwouldcorrectlyimporttheauthorsfirstname as"Sue."Bycontrast,EndNotesSmartParsingwould interpret t hewholenameSUEasthreeinitials,as"S.U.E.Likewise,ifyouselectInitialsOnly,EndNoteimportsall f irstnamesas initialsonly.Youwouldonlychoosethislatteroption i ftheallthefirstnamesinyourdatafileareinitials. Author Name Separators TheAuthorNameSeparatorstellEndNotehowtoextracttheindividual authorsfromalinecontainingseveralauthors. Between Authors The"BetweenAuthors"optionreferstothepunctuationthat i susedtoseparateindividualauthornames.Itisextremelyimportant thatthissettingiscorrectsothattheauthornamesimportcorrectly i ntoEndNote.AuthornamesinanEndNotereferencesare listedonename p erline. ThedefaultfortheBetweenAuthorsoptionissettoSmart.Withthis optionselected,EndNotelooksforacommonseparator, eitherasemicolon ( ;),acarat(^)oraverticalbar(|),andusethisdelimitertoidentify w hereonenameendsandthenextname begins. Inthisexample,multipleauthorsareseparatedbyasemicolon: AU:BuntingME;Hanzlik EndNotesSmartparsingrecognizesthesemicolonseparatingthetwo a uthornamesandcorrectlyimportsthemintoanEndNote libraryas: Author: Bunting,M. Therefore,inthisexample,youdonotneedtochangethesetting.However, i fyourdatafilehasadelimiterotherthanasemicolon (;),acaret ( ^),oraverticalbar(|)separatingmultipleauthors,youmustselect anotheroptionfromtheadjacentlist.Totypeany punctuationsuchas a dashoraslash,selectOtherandtypethecharacterthere.Aspace andareturn(wheretheauthorsare listedoneperline)canbeselected d irectlyfromthelist. IfyouselectImportAsIsfromthelist,EndNotewillnottrytoseparate t henamesthatfollowtheauthortag.Everythingthatfollowsthattag i nthedatafilewillbeimportedexactlyasitappearsinthefile. Last and First Names Separator OnceEndNoteknowshowtoidentifyanindividualauthornameinalist o fauthors,itlooksatthatnameandtriestodetermine whatthefirst nameisandwhatthelastnameis.TheLastandFirstNamesseparator isusedtodothis,alongwiththeName Ordersettings. ThedefaultLast&FirstNamessettingisSmart.Withthisoption s elected,EndNoteattemptstointerpretanauthorsnamebased onthe f ollowingseparators:aspace,acomma,oraperiod.Inyourdatafile, i ftheseparatorusedbetweenthelastnameandthe firstnameissomething o therthanaspace,acomma,oraperiod,youcanselectaseparatorfrom t headjacentlist. Parenthetical Data in Author Field Itisnotuncommonforinformationproviderstoincludeadditionalinformation a bouttheauthors(suchasdateofbirthorinstitutionalaffiliation). AU:Takahashi, Whenthisinformationismixedinwiththelistofauthorsonthetagged a uthorline,EndNoteprovidestwooptionsforwhattodo withit.

l Discard:Allparentheticalinformation i sdiscardedduringtheimport. l Import Into:Allparentheticaldata mixedinwiththeauthornamesisimportedintothefieldthatyou c hoose.Wesuggestthat youimportitintotheNotesfield,Author A ddress,oranothercustomfieldthatisappropriate. Note:Itisnot a ppropriateforEndNotetoimportthatdataintotheAuthorfieldbecause itwouldproduceanincorrectlyformatted bibliographytohavetheparenthetical d ataincludedwiththeauthornames. Related Topics: Continuation L ines FieldEditing(Import F ilters) RecordLayout(Filters) ReferenceType SourceParsing The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager

Continuation Lines (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Ingeneral,EndNoteignoreslinesoftextwhichdonotbeginwitha t agunlessthelinesoftextarecontinuationsofaprevious taggeditem. W ecallthesecontinuationlines.Hereisanabstractfromadatafile i llustratingtheconceptofcontinuationlines(all butthefirstare c onsideredcontinuationlines): AB- A single-subject research design that used multiple baselines across behaviors comparedtraditional adaptations to computers. BecauseEndNoteonlyimportstaggedlinesandcontinuationlines,it c anavoidimportingextraneoustextthatmightinterruptareference, s uchasyourloggingonorloggingofftext.Examplesofextraneouslines a re: -->>Press a nyKeytocontinue <Record 5 of42> EndNoteprovidestwogeneraloptionsfordealingwithcontinuationlines: Ignore Indents: Untagged lines are always a continuation of the preceding line Withthisoptionset,everylineoftextinthedatafilewillimport accordingtothetagsthataredefinedintheTemplatespanel.Do not s electthisoptionifthereisanytextinyourdatafilethatisnot t agged.Ifyouusethisoptionanddonotwanttoimportcertain tagged l ines,youmustusethe"{IGNORE} option(seeTheIgnoreField). Continuation lines must be indented Thisoptionallowsyoutospecifytheexactnumberofspacesonthe l eftmarginforthecontinuationlines. Thefollowingexampleisanabstractwherethefirstlineofdatais i ndentedfourspacesfromtheleftmargin,andthecontinuation lines a reproperlyindentedfourspaces.EndNotesdefaultSmartIndentIdentification w ouldimportthisabstractcorrectly. (Spacesareshownasperiodsfor c larity.) AB-.Two experiments compared the performance of 23 12....old dyslexics with that of 8 age-matched controls on a....battery of tests of motor balance. A dual-task paradigm....was used: Ss performed each test as a single task and as....a task concurrent

with a secondary task. In all single-....task conditions there was no difference between groups. However,youmayfinddatafileswherethecontinuationlinesarenot alignedwiththefirstlineofdata.Inthefollowingexample, thecontinuation l inesareindentedtwospaces fromtheleftmargin,whereasthefirst l ineisindentedfourspaces: AB-.Beyond the inevitability of..is the question of countertransference enactments. From a..two-person, participant-observer or observing-participant..perspective, enactments are inevitable. The analyst becomes ..influenced by the patient (and influences the patient as..well) and enmeshed in the patient's internalized..interpersonal configurations. ForEndNotetotreatthesubsequentlinesascontinuationlinesinthe p recedingexample,thefiltermustspecifytheexactnumber ofspaces i ndentedontheleftmargin.Intheexamplejustgiven,youwouldenter " 2"inthe"Indent_spaces"option. Ifmostofthelinesinadatafileimportafixednumberofspaces ( liketwospacesintheexampleabove),butonetaggedfieldis indented d ifferently (perhapskeywordsareindentedfourspaces),youcanenter exceptionsinthetableprovided.Simply enterthe numberofspaces in t heleftcolumnnexttothetag.Youonlyneedtoenteranumberforthe t aggedfieldwiththeinconsistent import.Allotherlinesthatareleft b lankwillusethegeneralindentsetting. Note:Foraquick a ndreliablewaytocounthowmanyspacesareinsertedontheleftmargin, t urnonthesettinginyourword processortodisplayformattingcharacters. Related Topics: AuthorParsing FieldEditing(Import F ilters) RecordLayout(Filters) ReferenceType SourceParsing The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager

Reference Type (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Default Reference Type ThedefaultreferencetypetellsEndNotewhichreferencetypetouse i fitcannotidentifythereferencetypeofarecord.Forexample,suppose t hatinonefilter,youspecifyJournalArticleasyourdefaultreference t ype,andcreateatemplateforit.Ifyouimport adatafilecontaining c onferenceproceedings recordsforwhichyouhavenotdefinedaReference T ypetemplate,anyconference proceedingsrecordswillimportasJournal A rticles.Also,ifthedatabasethatyouusedoesnotspecifyaReference T ypetag,all referencetypesinyourdatafilewillimportasyourdefault r eferencetype.(SeeTheReference T ypeTagforinformationabout definingthereferencetypestagin atemplate.) Note:Thedefault r eferencetypeisalwaysindicatedwithboldtextintheReferenceTypes l istontheTemplatespanel. Identifiers Someinformationproviders,suchasOvid Technologies, Theseidentifiersarealsousedtoimportdatafilesthatcontainreferences f rommultipledatabases.EndNotecanimportmulti- sourcefileslikethat a slongaseachrecordinthedatafilehasavendorandadatabasetag atthestartofthereference.Theiden-

tifiersmustalsobeenteredinto t heappropriatefiltersintheFiltersfolder.Whenyouarereadytoimport afilethathasdatafrom multiplesourcesinit,besuretoselectthe Multi-FilterimportoptionintheImportdialog. ThewaythatEndNoteisabletoknowwhichfiltertouseisbythese I dentifiertagsenteredintothefilter.Bothidentifiersmustbe used. T hefirstidentifiershouldbethetagthatincludesthenameoftheinformation p rovider.Forthisexampleitis"VN. Theexact textthatfollowsthattagforeachrecordshouldbeentered i ntothecorrespondingboxintheIdentifierssection.Thenexttagis usedtoidentifythedatabase,suchasMedlineorBIOSIS.Enterthetagusedforthedatabasename,andthenenterthedatabase nameexactlyasitappearsineachreference. Forexample,forEndNotetoreadinthisdata: <1> VNOvidTechnologies,Inc. DBOvidMEDLINE AUJacobson,R;Campbell,S PY1999etc. ForVendorIdentification,entertheTag"VN"andtheText"OvidTechnologies". ForDatabaseIdentification,entertheTag"DB"andtheText"OvidMEDLINE". Related Topics: AuthorParsing Continuation L ines FieldEditing(Import F ilters) RecordLayout(Filters) SourceParsing The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager Working w ithFilterTemplates

Field Editing (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Toaccessthisfeature,selectImportFiltersorConnectionFilesfromtheEditmenu.OpentheManager andthenselecttheEdit option. Converting Text from Uppercase to Lowercase Ifthetextinyourdatafileappearsentirelyinuppercaseletters, E ndNotecanconvertthetexttoeitherSentence,Headline,or Lowercase f ormat,dependingonwhichoptionyouspecifyintheFieldEditingpanel. Tocontrolthelowercasingofafield, s electtheappropriatefieldfromtheFieldEditingfor:list a tthetopofthewindow.TheEndNotefieldsarelistedherebytheir G enericnames.ThenpickacapitalizationoptionfromtheChange U PPERCASEtextto:list. Note:Foralistofreferencetypefields andtheircorresponding Genericfieldnames,seetheGeneric R eferenceType. Forexample,atitlethatappearsinadatafileas"COMPOSTAS A HUMANNUTRIENTANDHORMONECARRIER"would importinHeadlinecapitalization a s: Compost a saHumanNutrientandHormoneCarrier

orinSentencecapitalizationas: Compost a sahumannutrientandhormonecarrier Tokeepafieldstextentirelyinuppercasecharacters,selectthe D oNOTLowercaseoption. Youcanapplylowercasingonanyfield a slongasallthetextinthefieldisuppercase.Ifanyofthetext i nthefieldisinmixed case,EndNotewillimportitinmixedcase. TheAuthor,Editor,andTranslatorfields aretreateddifferently from a llotherEndNotefields.Uponimportingauthorfields intoan EndNote l ibrary,thesefieldsareautomaticallyconvertedfromuppercasetoheadline. D uetothespecialcharacteristicsofthese particularfields,theoption t ochangethecaseisnotavailableintheFieldEditingpanel. Omitting Unwanted Characters Somelinesofdatahavesuperfluouscharacters,suchasanasterisk ( *)oradash(-),thatyoumaynotwanttoimport.Forexample,inthe f ollowinglinesofdatatherearedashesinthejournalname,andthere i sanasteriskbeforeeachkeyword: SO-American-journal-of-preventive-medicine; 1 2(9) DE-*COMPUTER S YSTEMSDESIGN;*DISPLAYDEVICES;*INTERFACES Topreventunwantedcharacters frombeingimportedintoyourEndNote l ibrary,usetheFieldEditingpaneltospecifythecharactersthatyou w anttoomit: l Fromthe " FieldEditingfor:"list,selecttheEndNotefieldthat c ontainsunwantedcharacters.YouwillfindthattheEndNote fields a relistedbytheirGenericnames.Foralistofreferencetypefields a ndtheircorrespondingGenericfieldnames,seethe List ofReferenceTypes. l Typethe u nwantedtextinthe"Entertexttobeomitted(oneitemper line)"box,andthenclickAddtoaddittotheomissionlist. WhenyoupreventcharactersfrombeingimportedintoanEndNotefield, y ouareomittingthecharactersfromthecorresponding Genericfield, s otheomissionappliestoeveryreferencetypefieldthatcorresponds t otheparticularGenericfield.Forexample, theSecondaryTitlefield c orrespondstoboththeJournalfieldinaJournalArticlereferencetype andtheSeriesTitleinaBookreferencetype.Therefore,ifyouomit adash(-)fromthejournalname,anydashes foundinaSeriesTitlefor a Bookreferencetype willalsobeomitted. Eachitemthatyouwanttoomitshouldbeenteredonaseparateline. Forexample,letssaythatyouwantedtoomitbothunderscores(_)and f orwardslashes(/)fromyourrecordskeywords.Firstaddtheunderscore, andthenaddtheforwardslash.Entering bothitemsonthesamelinewould c auseEndNotetoomitonlyinstancesof"_/",whileallother i nstancesofunderscores andforwardslasheswouldendupinyourkeywords. Y oucanomitupto254charactersperEndNotefield. Toremoveanitemfromthelist,simplyselecttheitemandclickRemove. Y oumayselectmorethanoneitembyholdingdown theShiftorCtrl k ey w hileclickingonmultipleitems. Note:Themore itemsaddedtothelist,thelongerittakesEndNotetoimportrecords i ntoEndNote.Toavoidslowingdownthe importingprocess,youmaywant t ostartbyimportingthedataintoanEndNotelibrarywithoutspecifying a nyomissions.Then usetheFindandReplacecommandfromtheEditmenutodeletethe u nwantedwordsandothertext. Related Topics: AuthorParsing Continuation L ines RecordLayout(Filters) ReferenceType

SourceParsing The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager Working w ithFilterTemplates

Record Layout (Import Filters and Connection Files)

UsetheoptionsintheRecordLayoutpaneltomodifyhowEndNoteinterprets t heendofareferenceinadatafile.

Smart Record Identification

SmartRecordIdentification,EndNotesdefaultsettingforRecordTermination, c reatesanewrecordinEndNoteeachtimeatag inthedatafilerepeats o utofsequenceandisprecededbyablankorextraneousline.EndNote w illnotcreateanewrecordifthe sametagappearsinsuccession,provided t hattheyarenotseparatedbyablankline. Forexample,somedatabaseslistauthorsonepertaggedline,withthe A Utagappearingtwoormoretimesinsuccession,asin thefollowing e xample: AU-D'Orazio,MGAUWhenEndNoteseesconsecutivetags,itdoesnotstartanewreference unlessitfindsthesametagprecededbyablankorextraneousline.

More Specific Record Layout Options

Amoreprecisewayofidentifyinganewrecordistospecifyinyour f ilterexactlyhowtherecordsareterminatedinyourdatafile. Theremaining o ptionsintheRecordLayoutpanelallowyoutodothis. Todeterminehowrecordsareterminated,openyourdatafileineither a wordprocessorortexteditor.Checkforthepatternconsistentlyseparating o nerecordfromanother.Onceyouhavedeterminedthecorrectrecordtermination, c licktheappropriatebuttonontheRecordLayoutpaneltoselectthe b estoptionforyourdatafile.Youmaychooseonlyoneoptionasarecord t erminator. Blank line separates records Selectthisoptioniftheonlyblanklinesinadatafilearetheones i nbetweenreferences. Using "First Tag" and "Last Tag" Options Thisoptionletsyouspecifyafirsttagthatstartstherecordand/ o rafinaltagthatendseachrecord.Onlyonetagisrequired. l Beforechoosingthisoptionasyourrecordterminator, v erifythatthefirstorlasttagisconsistentlypresentineach r ecord. Thisoptionwillfunctioncorrectlyonlyifthechosentag a ppearsineveryrecord. l Youdonotneedtoenterbothafirstandlast t ag;eithertagwillsufficetodistinguishonerecordfromthenext. l Enterthetagexactlyasitappearsinthedata f ile,includingthedelimiter(colonanddash)thatfollowsthetag. E ndNote treatsthesedelimitersaspartoftheirrespectivetags. l Youdonotneedtoincludethesetagsinthe t emplatesofyourfilter,unlessyouwishtoimporttheassociated d ata. Each record ends with: Selectthisoptionifyourreferencesconsistentlyendwithaspecific s etofuniquecharacters.Notethatwhateveryouenterinto thisoption n eedstobeuniqueenoughthatitdoesnotappear e lsewhereinyourreferences.Onecommonsetofcharactersthatis used t oterminateeachrecordis||. Each record starts with:

Selectthisoptionifyourreferencesconsistentlystartwithtextthat i snotatag.Forexample,itiscommonforsomeinformation providers t obegineachreferencewithacountersuchas: <1> or Record1of53 Inthesecases,enterthetextexactlyasitappearsinthedatafile, b utsubstituteanumbersign(#)fortheactualnumber.Forthe examples a bove,youwouldenter"<#>"and"Record#of#". Example Thefollowingexampleillustratesadatafilethatcontainsneither a blankline,nortextterminatingeachrecord.However,thereis aconsistent f irsttag,"ND:"startingeachrecord.Soforthisexampleyou w ouldwanttospecify"ND:"astherecordtermination byclicking t he"FirstTag"button,andtyping"ND:"inthebox. ND: 430529953| BASE: BA83| AU: HILDEN Related Topics: AuthorParsing Continuation L ines FieldEditing(Import F ilters) ReferenceType SourceParsing The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager

Source Parsing (Import Filters and Connection Files)

Thesource l inereferstothelineinthedatafilethatrepresentsthesource i nformationforthejournal(typicallyjournal,volume, issue,pages, a ndsometimestheyear).Itismostoftenthemostcomplexandinconsistent lineofdatainyourdatafileanditis alsothemostimportant.Asa r esult,theEndNotefiltersprovideasortofsafetynettocatchinconsistently e nteredsourcedata. ThetagsandtemplatesdefinedintheTemplatespanelareusedfirst t oimportsourcedata.Ifasourcelineinadatafiledoesnot match a nyoftheoptionsinthetemplates,thenEndNoteprovidesyouwithadditional optionsforhowtohandlethat.Thefirstthing youneedtodoistomake s urethatEndNotehascorrectlyidentifiedthejournalarticlesource t ag. Identifying the Source Tag IfthesourcetagfortheJournalArticlereferencetypeintheTemplates s ectionofafilterisSOorJN,EndNoteautomatically i dentifiesthistagasthesourcetag.However,ifthesourcetagdefinedinyourfilterissomethingotherthana"SO"or"JN",youmust choosetheappropriatetagfromtheJournalArticlesourceTaglist.(AllofthetagsthathavebeendefinedintheJournalArticle templatewillappearinthe"SourceTag"list.) When source data and filter templates do not match Ifajournalarticlessourcelineinyourdatafiledoesnotmatch a sourcelineinyourfilter,youcanchoosehowEndNoteshould treat t heunmatchedsourceline.ThedefaultoptionisUseSmartParsing.EndNotes S martParsingdoesitsbesttodistinguish thejournalname,thevolume n umber,theissuenumber,thepagenumbers,andtheyear,andimporteach i ntothecorresponding

EndNotefield.Anyinformationthatisnotidentified a sajournal,volume,issue,pages,oryearisimportedintotheNotes f ield, alongwiththecomment"UsingSmartSourceParsing." ( Afterimporting,ifyoususpectthatsomereferencesmaynothave matched t hedefinedsourcetemplate,itishelpfultouseEndNotesSearchcommand t osearchforthetext"UsingSmartSource Parsing"intheNotes f ieldoftheimportedreferences.Youmaythencheckthosespecifically t oseeifEndNotecorrectlyinterpretedthedata.) Ifyouchoosetheotheroptiontoimportthesourcedataintoaseparate f ield,EndNotedoesnotattempttoparsethesourceinformation,andinstead i mportstheentireunmatchedsourcelineintowhateverfieldyouhave s pecified. ForanyreferencetypeotherthanaJournalArticle,unmatchedsource linesareautomaticallyimportedintotheNotesfield.Therefore,ifyou h avenotdefinedanexactmatchforasourcelinefoundinabookrecord i nyourdatafile,EndNoteimportstheentire sourcelineintotheNotes f ield. Related Topics: AuthorParsing Continuation L ines FieldEditing(Import F ilters) RecordLayout(Filters) ReferenceType The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheSourceLine

Importing MARC Records

What Are MARC Records?
"MARC"standsforMachineReadableC ataloging f ormat.ItisastandardizedformatdevelopedbytheLibraryofCongress f orproducingmachine-readablebibliographicrecords.Itismuchmore d ifficulttoreadthanregulartaggeddataformats,butitcanstillbe importedinmuchthesamewayusingEndNotesfilters. The MARC Format and Connection Files ManyconnectionfilesusetheMARCformatbecauseitisspecifiedas p artoftheZ39.50standard.Whencreatinganewconnectionfile,the T emplatesandMARCRecordsportionsoftheconnectionfileareautomatically s etuptoimportstandard USMARC(MARC21) d ata.Ifyouneedtocustomizethesepartsoftheconnectionfile,the i nstructionsinthissectionwould apply. Related Topics: Creating a FilterforMARCRecords Rules f orMARCImportFilters The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions Unique A spectsofMARCRecords

Unique Aspects of MARC Records

MARCrecordsdifferfromotherbibliographicrecordsintwoimportant w ays:

Numeric Tags TheprimarywayinwhichMARCrecordsdifferfrom non-MARCbibliographic r ecordsisintheirrelianceonnumerictags. Numerictagstypicallyconsist ofthreedigits followedbytwospacesandtwomoredigits.Forexample: 245 10 $a When you realize you have too many kids: $b a guide / $c Hugh B 245 14 Subfields ThesecondwayinwhichMARCtagsdifferfromotherbibliographicrecords i stheuseofsubfields. EachnumericallytaggedlineinaMARCrecordmaycontainanynumber o fsubfields.Asubfieldtypicallyconsistsoftwoconsecutivecharacters, t hefirstofwhichisthesubfielddelimiterwhichdenotesthestartof a newsubfield.Examplesofsubfields are"$a"and"$x." T hesubfieldsdonothavetobeconsecutive,asinthesecondrecordin t heexampleabove. Ifyouwerecreatingaconventionalfilterforimportingbibliographic r ecordsfromaMARCdatabase,youwouldhavetoanticipate avastnumber o fpossiblecombinations,bothoftagsandofsubfields. Becauseitisdifficulttoanticipateeverypossiblecombinationof t agsandsubfieldsinMARCrecords,EndNoteprovidesyouwith asimplified w ayofcreatingfiltersforMARCrecords.Thetwosectionsthatfollow t ellyouhowtocreateafilterspecificallyfor MARCrecords,andthen a lertyoutothedifferentrulesthatEndNoteuseswhenimportingMARC r ecordsintoanEndNotelibrary. Related Topics: Creating a FilterforMARCRecords Rules f orMARCImportFilters The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions WhatAreMARC R ecords? $a The angel with a dirty mouth /$c NickSteel ; illustrated by Melissa

Creating a Filter for MARC Records

Onceyouhavecreatedanewfilter,oryouhaveopenedanexistingfilter, s electtheMARCRecordspanelintheFilterwindow. Clickthe"ProcessdatafileasMARCrecord"checkbox.The dollarsign($)willappearinthe"MARCSubfieldDelimiter" b ox, sincethisisthesubfielddelimiterinmostcases.Ifthesubfield d elimiterissomethingotherthanadollarsign,deletethedollar sign andtypeintheappropriatedelimiter. Data Start Column ThereferencedatainaMARCreferencenormallystartsincolumn8(that i s,thesixthcharacterfromtheleftmargin).Thisisthe defaultsetting y ouwillfindinthe"Datastartsincolumn"textbox.If t heMARCrecordsinyourdatafilestarttheactualreference data(as o pposedtotagsandsubfielddelimiters)insomeotherposition,enter t hatnumberinthe"Datastartsincolumn"textbox. Note:Alwaysenter a valueof6orhigherinthe"Datastarts incolumn"textbox. I fyouenteralesservalue(forexample,you enterthenumber5),the v aluewillchangebackto8whenyouleavetheMarcRecordspaneleven i fyouhavesavedyour

changes.Thisonlyhappensinthe"Datastarts i ncolumn"textbox.Ifyoumakeotherchanges,thenthose v aluesaresaved whenyoureturntotheMarcRecordspanel. Accession Numbers TheAccessionNumberisauniquenumberassignedtoeachrecordina d atabase.(Theinformationprovidersdatabase;notthe EndNotedatabase.) T heprovidermaynotcallitanAccessionNumber;PubMedusesPMID,andsomesystemsuseuniqueidentifier. T hesenumberssometimesappearimmediatelyafterthenumerictag, a ndwithoutthetwo-digitsubfieldcodesseeninother MARCfields.Since a commontypeofaccessionnumberoftenappearsafterthe001tag,EndNote i ncludesanImport001tagsas AccessionNumbers c heckboxwhichletsyouimportthisnumberintoEndNotesAccessionNumber f ield.Accessionnumbers whichappearinlinesotherthan001oftenbegin w ithasubfield,soyoucansetupthefiltertoimportthenumberinto t heAccessionNumberfield. If First Field has no Subfield Delimiter Normallythefirstcharacterthatprecedestherecorddataisthesubfield delimiter(commonlyadollarsign$).Ifthissubfielddelimiterisnot p resentforthefirstfieldofeachtaggedline,youwillneedtotell E ndNotehowtointerpretthefirstcharacterbychecking theappropriate o ptionundertheMARCrecordsdialog.Isitpartoftherealdataofa r eferenceorisitafielddesignator(suchas"a" or"b") t hatjusthappenstobemissingthesubfielddelimiter? Related Topics: Rules f orMARCImportFilters The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions Unique A spectsofMARCRecords WhatAreMARC R ecords? Working w ithFilterTemplates

Rules for MARC Import Filters

EndNoteobservestheseruleswhenimportingMARCrecords: l EndNote a llowsyoutospecifyonlythefirstthreedigitsofthetagwhen d esigningafilterforMARCrecords.Youcandisregard spacesand d igitsappearingimmediatelyafterthefirstthreedigits.Thetag f orbothofthefollowingexampleswouldbe245. 245 10 $a When you realize you have too many kids: $b a guide / $c Hugh B 245 14 $a The angel with a dirty mouth /$c NickSteel ; illustrated by Melissa

l You d onothavetodefineallthesubfieldsinataggedline.Theremay b esomesubfieldsthatcontaininformationyoudonot wanttoimport intoyourEndNotelibrary.EndNotewillignoreanysubfieldsthat a renotdefinedinyourfilter. l Source l inescannottakeadvantageofthe"SmartSourceParsing" option.Youmay,however,entermultiplevariationsofthe subfields inasourceline.Besuretoenterallsubfieldsafterthesametag ( donotrepeatthetagforeach),andlistthemost complexsubfield f ormatsfirst.Forexample: 773 $gVolume(Issue), p.

l With t heexceptionofthereferencetypetag,EndNoteallows youtodefine atagonlyonce;thereforeyoushouldincludeallof thesubfields t hatcontaindatayouwanttobeimported.Forexample,thefollowing l ineinafilterforMARCrecordswouldsuccessfullyimportanyor a llofthethreelinesthatfollow: Tag 245 245 14 $a The hollow horn : $b Bob Dylan'sreception in the United States andGermany / $c by Dennis Anderson. 245 10 245 00 $a Bob Dylan, spellbinding songwriter /$c Nathan $a Down in the groove. Field(s) $a T itle$bTitle$cNotes

Related Topics: Creating a FilterforMARCRecords The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions Unique A spectsofMARCRecords WhatAreMARC R ecords?

Modifying an Existing Filter

Modifying an Existing Filter (Example)
Modifyinganexistingfilterisusefulifyouwanttocreateanewfilter f oradifferentdatabasebythesameprovider.Althoughsome information p rovidersofferradicallydifferentformatsfortheirdifferentdatabases, t hereareotherswhoprovidefairlyconsistent tagsandorganizeddata a crosstheirdatabases. Commonreasonsforeditingafilterincludeaddingatagtoimportadditional i nformation;removingatagorusing{IGNORE} t o omitunwanteddata;orfine-tuningthecurrentsettingsforimporting authorsorjournalsourcedata.Thespecificsabouthowto workwithtemplates andoptionsaredescribedearlierinthischapter.Thisexampleisintended t oprovideageneraloverviewof theprocessofeditingafilter.

Adding a Tag and Field to a Filter

LetssaythatyouwanttomodifyafiltertoimportthelanguageofthepublicationintoEndNotesNotesfield.Inthisparticulardatabase,thelanguageisprecededbythetag"LA-". TI-ZumbeginndesmathematischenFrauenstudiumsiPreussen.| TI-<Translated>ThebeginningsofmathematicalstudiesforwomeninPrussia| AU-Tobies.Renate JN-NTMSchr.GeschichteNatur.Tech.Medizin| SO-<JN>NTMSchriftenreihefurGeschichtederNaturwissenschaftenTechnikundMedizin| SO-<PY>1991| SO-<VO>28| SO-<NO>no.2,|

SO-<PG>151-172.| LA-German| DT-Journal| ToaddtheLAtaganddirectitscontentstotheNotesfield: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectImportFilters,and t henselectOpenFilterManager.Themostrecentlyusedfilterwill also appearasanoptionintheImportFilterssubmenu.Youmaychoose E dit<filtername>toeditthatfilteraswell. 2. IntheFilterManager,selectthefilterthatyou w anttoedit,andthenclickEdit. 3. SelecttheTemplatesoptionintheleftpanelof t hewindow. 4. ClickthemouseinanycelloftheJournalArticle t emplate,andthenpressEnterto c reatetoanewrow. 5. TypeLA-intheTagcell,andthenpress aTab t omovetotheFieldcell.InserttheNotesfieldfromtheInsert F ieldlist. DoingsotellsEndNotetoimportthelanguageinformation i ntoEndNotesNotesfield. 6. YoucanaddtheLA-tagtotheremainingReferenceTypetemplatesin thefilter.UsetheReferenceTypelisttoswitchtoeach reference typetemplateinyourfilterandrepeattheprocessdescribedabove. (Referencetypeswithcheckmarksnexttothem inthelistarethe onesthathavetemplatesdefinedforthem. 7. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Enteranew n ameforthemodifiedversionofthefilter,andthen c lickSave. Related Topics: The B asicComponentsofaFilter The F ilterEditorwindow TheFilter M anager TheFilter O ptions WhatAreMARC R ecords?

Creating a New Filter

Creating a New Filter
Thistopicprovidesageneraloverviewofhowtocreateanewfilter. Youcanviewanexampleofadatafile,andthetemplatesportionofa f iltertomatchit(seeExample D ataFileandTemplates). Thebasicstepstocreateanewfilterare: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectImportFiltersandselect N ewFilter. 2. Ifyouwouldlike,youmayenteracategoryfor t hefilter(usuallytheinformationproviderisusedforthecategory), andany othercommentsaboutwhatthefilterisbasedonorwhatdata i tisusedtoimport. 3. ClickontheTemplatesoption. 4. FromtheReferenceTypeslist,selectthefirst r eferencetypethatyouwouldliketodefine,andenterthenecessary t ags andthecorrespondingfieldsintothereferencetypetemplate. S eeWorkingwithFilterTemplates. 5. Defineadditionalreferencetypes,asnecessary, b yselectingthemfromtheReferenceTypeslistandenteringthetags a nd fieldsforthemaswell. 6. ClicktheReferenceTypeoptioninthelistof p anelnames,andselectthedefaultreferencetypeforthefilter.

Atthispoint,youmayhaveenteredenoughinformationtousethefilter s uccessfully.Tryitoutbychoosingitastheimportoption toimport y ourdatafileintoanew,emptylibrary.Reviewtheimportedreferences t obesurethattheyimportedcorrectly.Finetune thefilterasnecessary ( seeTheFilterOptions). Note:Ifyouneed a referencetypethatdoesnotappearintheReferenceTypelist,see A ddingandDeleting R eferenceTypes. Foradditionalhelp,seeTips f orEnteringTagsandFieldsandExample D ataFileandTemplates.

Tips for Entering Tags and Fields

Not every tag in your data file needs to be in your filter. Thereisnoneedtodefineeverytagthatappearsinyourdatafile, p rovidedthatthecontentsofthecorrespondingfieldstartonthe same lineasthetagitself;andtherecordscontinuationlinearenotflush l eft.Ifyouneedtodefineeverytagthatappearsinarecord,butonly w anttoimporttheinformationassociatedwithcertaintags,insertthe { IGNORE}fieldfromtheInsertFieldlist w here appropriate. Note:Youdonot n eedtospecifyalldatafields,unlesseachtagappearsonalineby i tself,withthedatastartingbelowitonthe nextline.Youmayalso w anttospecifyalltagsifthecontinuationlinesinyourrecordsare f lushleft,inwhichcaseanundefined tagappearingimmediately after a continuationlinewillbereadinastext. You might need to enter multiple variations of a source line. Youwilloftenfindmorethanonevariationofasourcelineforagiven r eferencetypeinadatabase,inwhichcaseyouwillneedto definea s eparatesourcelineinyourtemplateforeachsuchvariant.Themost c omplexsourcelineshouldappearfirst,followed bysourcelines ofdecreasing c omplexity.InthecaseofJournalArticles,besuretospecifytheappropriate SourceParsingoption (refertoSourceParsing). MARCformatsareanexception.SeeRules f orMARCImportFilters. A colon, dash, space or other character that appears along with a tag is treated as part of the tag. Whendefiningtagsinafilter,thesecharactersneedtobeincluded i nthetagcolumnofthefilterforEndNotetofindanexact match.If s paces areinsertedwithinatag,asin"SO-<VO,theyneedtobedefinedaspartofthetagaswell. Related Topics: Adding a ndDeletingRowsintheFilterTemplate Creating a FilterforMARCRecords Creating a NewFilter Cutting, C opyingandPastingRows Example D ataFileandTemplates Example: M odifyinganExistingFilter Navigating i ntheTemplatesPanel Templates f orDifferentReferenceTypes Unique A spectsofMARCRecords Working w ithFilterTemplates

Example Data File and Templates

BelowisasampleofarecordinadatafileandthefilterTemplates panelconfiguredtoimportthedata.SeeWorking w ithFilter Templatesfordetailsaboutconfiguringtemplates.

Sample Record from a Data File FN- DIALOG Note:Thetrailing v erticalbarsattheendofeachlinewillbestrippedoutbyEndNote. D onotincludetheminthefilter. TocreateatemplatefortheJournalArticlereferencetype: 1. Select"JournalArticle"fromtheReference T ypeslist. 2. TypeTI-inthetagcell, t henpressTabtomovetotheFieldcolumn.InserttheTitlefield u singtheInsertFieldbutton. 3. PressEnterto m ovetothenextline. 4. Typethenexttagtoimportandinsertthecorresponding f ield.Continueenteringtherestofthetagsandfieldsuntilall o fthe necessaryinformationiscoveredbythefilter.Skipanytags f ordatathatyouarenotinterestedinimporting. ThisiswhattheresultingTemplatespanelofthefiltershouldcontain: Tag ANTIAUCSJNPYSNDTABGSDEField(s) Accession N umber Title Author Author A ddress Journal; V olume(Issue)pPages Date Year ISSN ANALYTIC; SERIAL Abstract Keywords Keywords

Note:Itisimportanttorememberthatthesourcelinein a filtermustexactlymatchthesourcelineinthedatafileforEndNote t o distinguishonefieldfromanother.Youwilloftenfindmorethanone v ariationofasourcelineforagivenreferencetypeinadatabase,in w hichcaseyouwillneedtocreateaseparatesourcelineforeachvariant i nyourdownload,startingwiththemostcomplexsourcelineandending w iththeleastcomplexsourceline.Asabackup, s electtheappropriateSourceParsingoption. Related Topics: Creating a FilterforMARCRecords Creating a NewFilter Tips f orEnteringTagsandFields Working w ithFilterTemplates

Connection Files
Introduction to Connection Files
Introduction to Connection Files
TheOnlineSearchcommandonEndNotesToolsmenuconnectsyoutoonline d atabasesandlibrarycatalogssothatyoucan searchthemfromwithin t heEndNoteprogramandretrievereferencesdirectlyintoEndNote.EndNote i sabletomaketheseconnectionsusingtheinformationstoredinthe h undredsofindividual"connectionfiles." Thissectiondescribeshowtoeditandcreatetheseconnectionfiles. TheprocessofusingtheOnlineSearchcommandis describedinQuick O verview(OnlineSearching). EndNoteprovidesthousandsofconnectionfilesforavarietyofsources. B ydefault,onlythemostpopularconnectionfilesare storedasindividual f ilesintheConnectionsfolderinyourEndNoteprogramfolder.Toinstall a dditionalconnectionfiles,see Installing A dditionalConnectionFiles.

What is a Connection File?

Aconnectionfilecontainsalltheinformationnecessarytoconnect t o,search,andimportreferencesfromanonlinedatabaseor onlinelibrary c atalog.Eachconnectionfilerepresentsadifferentonlinedatabase(such astheLibraryofCongressorPubMed fromtheNationalLibraryofMedicine). TheconnectionfilesarelocatedintheConnections folderinyourEndNote f older.Youcanviewalloftheavailableconnectionsby selectingConnection F ilesfromtheEditmenuandselectingOpenConnectionManager. Related Topics: Basic C omponentsofaConnectionFile TheConnection Manager

The Connection Manager

EndNoteprovideshundredsofconnectionfiles foravarietyofsources. B ydefault,onlythemostpopularconnectionfilesare storedasindividual f ilesintheConnectionsfolderinyourEndNoteprogramfolder.Toinstall a dditionalconnectionfiles,see Installing A dditionalConnectionFiles. ToperusethelistofavailableconnectionfilesinEndNotesConnections f older,selectConnectionFilesfromtheEditmenu,and selectOpenConnection M anager. TheConnectionManagerliststhenamesofalloftheoriginalconnection f ilesavailableintheProgram F iles\EndNote\Connectionsfolderaswellasanynewormodifiedconnection f ilesinyourpersonalConnectionsfolder,andgivesyouthe optionsto e ditthemorselectthemas"favorites"forquickaccesswhen y ouusetheOnlineSearchcommand.Youcanclickand dragthecornerof t hedialogtoincreasethesize. Locating the Connection File You Want to Use l If y ouknowthenameoftheconnectionfilethatyouwanttouse,start t ypingittoselectthefirstfilethatmatcheswhatyou type. l Click t heFindBy b uttonandselectaninformationprovidersname(such a sOvidorSilverPlatter)tofindonlytheconnection filesfora s pecificinformationprovider. l Click t heFindBy b uttonandselectAllConnections toreturnallof t heconnectionfilestothedisplayedlist.

l Click t hecolumnheadingstosorttheconnectionfilesbynameorbyinformation p rovider.Clickingthesamecolumnheadinga secondtimewillchange t hesortorderfromascendingtodescending.Clickagaintosetit b acktoascendingorder. l Click t heMoreInfotrianglebuttonatthebottomofthedialogtodisplay additionalinformationabouttheselectedconnection file.Or,click L essInfotohidetheadditionalinformation. Marking Your Favorite Connection Files Whenyouhavefoundaconnectionfilethatyouwillwanttouseinthe f uture,clickthecheckboxnexttoittomarkitasafavorite. A llconnectionfilesthataremarkedasfavorites(upto500)appearas a nOnlineSearchgroupintheLibrarywindow.Thisgives youeasyaccess t othefilesyouusemostoften. Aneasywaytomarkawholecategoryofconnectionfiles(suchasall oftheconnectionsforOviddatabases)istoclicktheFind bybutton , chooseacategoryfromthelist,andthenwhenallofthefilesfor t hatcategoryareshowing,clicktheMarkAllbutton. Editing Connection Files Ifyouwouldliketomodifyaconnectionfile,selectitinthelist a ndclickEdit.SeetheRelatedTopicslistbelowfortopicsabout how t oworkwithconnectionfiles.

Copying Connection Files

WhenyoudisplayalistofconnectionfilesinEndNote,thelistis c omprisedoftheinstalledconnectionfilesfoundintheProgram Files\EndNote\Connectionsfolderaswellasnewormodifiedconnection f ilesfoundinyourpersonalConnectionsfolder.Foran explanationof w hereyourfilesarestored,seeFolder LocationsPreferences. Therearetwowaystocopyconnectionfiles.First,sinceeachconnection f ileisaseparatefileonyourharddrive,youcancopy themasyouwould c opyanyfileonyourharddriveusingtheWindowsdesktop. Or,tomakeacopyofaconnectionfilefromwithinEndNote: 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electConnectionFiles>OpenConnectionManagertoopentheConnection M anager. 2. Selecttheconnectionfileyouwanttocopyand c lickEdit. 3. Withoutmakinganychangestothefile,select S aveAsfromtheFilemenu. 4. Givethiscopyofthefileanewname,andthen s aveit. ThefileissavedinyourpersonalConnections folder.Thenewconnection f ilewillremainopen.Theoriginalconnectionfilewillbe leftuntouched.

Deleting Connection Files

TodeleteaconnectionfilefromwithinEndNote: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectConnectionFiles> O penConnectionManager. 2. Selecttheconnectionfiletobedeleted. 3. SelectClearfromtheEditmenu,orright-clickontheconnectionfileandselectDeletefromtheshortcutmenu. Youcanalsodeleteanunwantedconnectionfilebyswitchingbackto t heWindowsExplorer,orby o pening"MyComputer,"and openingtheConnectionsfolderintheEndNote f older.Then,select t hefiletodelete,andthenselectDelete f romtheFilemenuor dragthefiletotheRecycleBin .

Note: Y oumusthaveread/writeaccesstotheConnectionsfolderinorderto d eleteaconnectionfile.Ifyoudonothaveadministratoraccess,you likelywillnotbeabletodeleteafilelocatedwithintheProgramFiles f older.

Saving Connection Files

Tosaveanewconnectionfilethatyouhavejustcreated,ortosave c hangestoaconnectionfileyouhavejustmodified,select SaveorSave A sfromtheFilemenu. Ifyouhavemodifiedoneoftheoriginalinstalledfilesin t heProgram F iles\EndNote\Connectionsfolder,youmustuseSaveAsto saveacopy t oyourpersonalConnectionsfolder.Ifyouhavemodifiedastylethat i salreadylocatedinyourpersonalConnections folder,youcanselect e itherSavetodirectlymodifythefile,orSaveAstomakeacopywith t hechanges.Foradescriptionof whereyourstylesarestored, s eeFolderLocations. EndNoteautomaticallysavesnewconnectionfilestoyourpersonalConnections f older.Youmayalsospecifyadifferentfolderif necessary.Forinstructions s eeFolderLocations. EndNoteconnectionfilesusethefilenameextensionof".ENZ",asin"Medline(Ovid).ENZ".

Basic Components of a Connection File

About this Connection Panel
WhentheConnectionEditorwindowopens,itdisplaystheAboutthis C onnectioninformation.Thispanelcontainsdescriptive informationabout t heconnectionfile,andhasnoimpactonestablishingtheconnection. Name:Displaysthenameofthefile asitappearsintheConnectionsfolderintheEndNotefolder.Thefile n ameextension(.ENZ) isnotdisplayed.The n ameoftheconnectionfilecannotbechangedhere;youwouldneedto c losethiswindowandswitchback totheWindowsdesktoptorenamethefile. Based On:Enteranyinformationabout w hatdocumentationwasusedtocreatetheconnectionfile.Commonlythe s erverdocumentationisavailableontheWeb,soyoucouldenteraURL h eretomakeiteasytolaterretrievethatinformation.Ifthisconnection f ileisamodifiedcopyofanotherconnectionfile,itmaybehelpful t oenterthenameoftheoriginalfileinthisfieldforfuture reference. Category:Thecategoryistypically t heinformationprovider(suchasOvidorSilverPlatter), b utyoumayenteranythingthatwill helpyoucategorizeandorganize y ourconnectionfiles.Thecategoryinformationisalsolistedinthe C onnectionManagerwindow inthecolumnnexttothenameofthefile. I nthatwindow,youmaysortconnectionfilesbycategoryandalsosearch f orthemby category. Created:Thedatetheconnectionfile w asinstalledorcreated. Last Modified:Thedatetheconnection f ilewaslastmodified. Comments and Limitations:Enterany usefulcommentsherethatwouldhelpyourememberhowtosearchtheonline d atabase. Limitationstopreconfigured c onnectionfiles maybedocumentedhereaswell. AlloftheinformationinthispanelisvisibleintheConnectionManager i fyouclicktheMoreinformationoptionatthebottomofthe Connection M anagerwindow.Thisishelpfulbecauseyoudonotneedtoeditaconnection f iletoviewthecommentsorother descriptiveinformation.Youmaysimply s crollthroughtheavailableconnectionfilesintheConnectionManager w indowandview theinformationthere. Related Topics: Basic C omponentsofaConnectionFile Copying C onnectionFiles

Creating C onnectionFiles Default V aluesforNewConnectionFiles Editing a ConnectionFile FilterInformation SearchAttributes TheConnection FileWindow TheConnection Manager TheConnection Settings

Basic Components of a Connection File

Topicsdescribingthebasicsofaconnectionfilearelistedbelow. T hisinformationisusefulifyouwanttomodifyorcreateaconnection f ile.Tocreateanewconnectionfile,seeCreating C onnectionFiles. l EditingaConnectionFile l TheConnectionFileWindow l AboutThisConnectionPanel l TheConnectionSettings l SearchAttributes l FilterInformation

Editing a Connection File

Toeditaconnectionfile: 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electConnectionFilesandselectOpenConnectionManager. 2. Selectthefileto e dit,andthenclickEdit. Themostrecentlyusedconnectionfilecanalsobeeasilyeditedby s electingConnectionFilesfromtheEditmenu,and selectingEdit < connectionfile>. 3. Make y ourchangestotheconnectionfile. 4. Ifyouareeditingone o ftheoriginal,installedconnectionfiles: a. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs(theSave c ommandwillnotbeavailable). b. NamethefileandclickSave. If you are editing a connection file that you created or that you have already modified before: a.FromtheFilemenu,selectSave t osavechangesdirectlytothefile. EndNotesavesthefileinyourpersonalConnections folder.Foradescription o fwhereconnectionfilesarestored,seeFolder LocationsPreferences.

Filter Information
TheFiltersectionoftheconnectionfilecontainstheinformationused t oimporteachreferenceandgetthereferencedataintothe correctEndNote f ields. Formostconnectionfiles,thefilterissetuptointerpretreferences i ntheMARCformat.Whenyoucreateanewconnectionfile, theFilter s ectionwillbesetuptointerpretreferencesinastandardMARC21format.

ThispartoftheconnectionfileisidenticaltotheregularImport F ilterwindow.Formoreinformationabouteditingafilter,consult TheFilterManager a ndWorkingwithFilter T emplates. Iftheretrievedreferencesarenotimportingthewayyouwouldlike, y oushouldcomparethefiltersettingsoftheconnectionfileto theoriginal t extthatEndNotereceivesfromtheonlinedatabase.Todoso,select S howConnectionStatus fromtheWindow menuwhenretrievingreferences. S ettheviewintheStatuswindowtoshowRecordDataandcomparethe r ecorddatatowhatis inthefilter.Thisrecorddataisalsostored i nthelogfile,Connection.log.Bydefault,theConnection.logfileisstoredinthefolder: Windows XP :C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\Application Windows Vista:C:\Users\[UserName]\ Windows 7:C:\Users\[UserName]\ Thisfileissimplyatextfileandmaybeopenedinanywordprocessor t oviewit. TochangethelocationoftheConnect.logfile,seeURLs a ndLinksPreferences.

The Connection File Window

Afterchoosingtheoptiontoeditanexistingconnectionfileorcreate a newone,EndNoteopenstheConnectionFilewindow. Allofthedifferentareasoftheconnectionfilearelistedonthe l eftsideoftheConnectionFilewindow.Clickonanitemtoview the a ssociatedsettings.Youmayswitchbetweenpanelsasneededwhileediting t hefile.NochangesaresavedinanyofthepanelsuntilyouselectSave o rSaveAsfromtheFilemenu. ToclosetheConnectionEditorwindow,selectCloseConnectionfrom t heFilemenuorclicktheclosebuttoninthetop r ight cornerofthewindow. Related Topics: About t hisConnectionPanel Basic C omponentsofaConnectionFile Creating C onnectionFiles Default V aluesforNewConnectionFiles TheConnection Manager TheConnection Settings

Search Attributes
TheSearchAttributessectionofaconnection f ilecontainsatablethatdefinesthevarioussearchoptionsforaparticular database. l Search Field Name: Thefirstcolumnidentifiesthenameofasearch.Thisis t hewordorphrasethatappearsinthe menusintheSearchdialog. UseEndNotesGenericfieldnamesasthesearchfieldnameswhenever p ossible.Doingsomakesiteasiertohavea searchapplytovarious o nlinesourcesandlocalEndNotelibraries. EndNotespreconfiguredconnection f ilesoftenuseparentheticaltextafterthesearchfieldnameto h elpdescribethe search,ifnecessary.Thisparentheticaltextis n otconsideredpartofthesearchfieldnamewhenyouchangethefocus of thesearchandEndNotelooksforamatchingsearchfieldname. ( SeeChangingthe FocusoftheSearch.SeetheGenericreferencetypeforalistofGenericfieldnames.

l Attributes:Therestoftheitemsin a particularrowarethevarioussearchattributesthatcontrolwhat i ndexisbeingused forthesearch,andhowthesearchtermisinterpreted.

What is an "attribute"?
AZ39.50search attributeisavalueusedtodefinethecharacteristics o fasearchterm.Forexample,ifyoursearchtermis "ebolavirus," t hevariousattributeswouldbesenttotheserveralongwiththatterm t otelltheserverwheretolookfor"ebola virus"andwhat q ualifiesasamatchingreference. Available attributes, as defined by the Z39.50 standard, are: 1. Use:The i ndextobesearched(suchasKeywords) 2. Relation:Therelationofthesearchterm t otheindex(suchasequal,greaterthan,orlessthan) 3. Position:Thepositionofthesearch t ermintheMARCrecordfield(first,last,anywhere,andsoon) 4. Structure:Thestructureoftheterm, s uchasawordorphrase 5. Truncation:Availabletruncationoptions u sedtointerpretthesearchterm(forexample:righttruncation,wildcards,notruncation) 6. Completeness:Indicateswhetherornotthesearchtermshouldbethecomplete s ubfieldintheMARCrecordcorrespondingtothefieldsearched The"Use"attributeisthemostimportanthere,indicating w hichindexwillbesearchedtofindthesearchterm.Theotherattributes w illallhavevaryingdefaultvalues foreachonlinedatabase.Theseoptions a remostoftenleftblanktousetheservers defaults,butthedefault attributevaluescanbeoverriddenbyenteringanothervaluefortheattribute. EachdatabasehasitsownsupportedsubsetofUseattributesandassociated c ombinationsoftheotherattributes.Consultthe configurationinformation f ortheonlinedatabasetodeterminewhichvalues fortheseattributes a resupported.ThomsonReuters doesnotprovidethisinformation.You w illneedtoobtainitfromtheorganization(or"informationprovider") t hatmaintainsthe server.

Tip for Editing Search Attributes

Whenmodifyingthesearchattributesinaconnectionfile,itisuseful t ofirsttestthesearchwiththenewattributecombination beforeactually c hangingtheconnectionfile.Youcandothisbyenteringthenewattribute v aluesusingthecommand-linesearch method.Thisletsyoutestnewattributecombinationswithouthaving t oeditandsavetheconnectionfile,andreconnecttothe serverevery t imeyouwanttotestamodification.

The Connection Settings

ClickConnectionSettingstoviewthepanelwhereallthedataisstored t oestablishaconnection.TheConnectionSettingsinformationisrequired f orEndNotetobeabletoconnecttotheonlinedatabase.Theseterms a nddescriptionsarepartoftheZ39.50 standard. Server Description:Thenameofthe informationproviderorinstitution.EndNotedisplaysthisnameinthe t itleoftheRetrieved Referenceswindow,anditisalsolistedinthe C onnectionManagerwindow.Thisinformationisnotusedtoestablishthe c onnection. Server Address:Theserveraddress f ortheonlinedatabase.ThiscanbeeitheranumericalIP a ddressoradomainname. Database Description:Thenameof t heonlinedatabase.ThisnameisdisplayedintheTitlebaroftheRetrieved R eferenceswindowtohelpyouidentifythedatabasetowhichyouareconnected. I tisnotusedtoestablishtheconnection. Database Name:Thecommandusedto s electthedatabaseontheremoteserver.Thisisoftenafourcharacter c ode.

Element Set Name:Thisisnormally F forFullorBforBrief. T heElementSetNamedeterminestheamountofinformationthatis provided b ytheserverforeachretrievedreference.Notallserverssupportboth o ptions,andthefields returnedforeachoption alsovary. Port ID:TheTCP/IPportattheserverthatis u sedforaZ39.50connection.FormostZ39.50connections thisisport210. Batch Download:EndNotetypically r etrievesreferencesinbatches,forspeedandmemoryreasons.However, s omeservers aretooslow,ortheirrecorddataistoolarge,tosupport batchdownloads.Youwillneedtoturnbatchprocessingoffforsuch sites. I fyouarehavingtroubledownloadingfromasite,youcantrydeselectingthisoption. Record Syntax:ManyformatsusedbyZ39.50serversaresupportedbyEndNote,suchasUNIMARC(UniversalMachineReadableCataloging),SUTRS(SimpleUnstructuredTextRecordSyntax),andOPAC(OnlinePublicAccessCatalog).Whenyou createanewconnectionfile,itissetupfortheMARC21format.Forotherformats,thefiltersectionforconnectionfilesmustbe constructedmanually.UNIMARCandOPACusevariationsoftheMARCformat(OPACcommonlyaddsholdingsdata).The SUTRSformat,becauseitis"unstructured,"doesnothaveastandardformatamongdifferentdatabases.TheSUTRSformat oftenusestags(suchas"AU"or"Author")toidentifythereferencedata.Checkwithyourdatabaseproviderfortheappropriate settings. Text:TheTextoptionis u sedtospecifyhowEndNoteshouldinterprettheincomingtextcharacters. OptionsincludeANSEL,Unicode(UTF-8),Unicode(UTF-16),andmanyother l anguagechoices.Ifyoudonothavethecorrectsetting,extendedcharacters mayimportasasterisks,ormaybedroppedcompletely.Checkwithyour d atabaseproviderfortheappropriatesetting. Login Information Required:Thissectionisdividedintofourseparateoptions:User I D,Password,GroupID,andCustom. SelecttheoptionsrequiredtologintotheonlinedatabaseinordertohaveEndNote promptyouforthatinformationwhenyouconnect.Youcanalsostoreyourpasswordand/orIDsintheconnectionfilesothatyoudonothavetoenterthemeachtimeyouconnect.SimplytypethepasswordorIDintotheboxprovided. Note:Passwords a ndIDsmaybesavedintheconnectionfile f orconvenience,butdosoatyourownrisk:passwordsarenot protected orencrypted.Ifsomeoneelsecopies orusesyourconnectionfile,they w illbeabletouseyourstoredpassword. Custom ID Authentication String SometimesadatabaseserverrequiresacustomformatforpresentingthepasswordandIDs.Forthesesituations,youmayskip theregularpasswordorIDoption,checkthe"Custom"option,andenterthetextspecifiedbyyourserversZ39.50documentation.YoumayeitherenteryouractualpasswordandIDalongwiththetext,oruseoneofthefollowingplaceholdersto haveEndNotepromptyouforthenecessaryitems:?PASSWORD,?USERID,?GROUPID. Forexample,asystemmayrequirethatpasswordsbepresentedbyZ39.50clientsinthefollowingmanner: pass=?PASSWORD/dla_ui=yes Ifyouwantedtostoreyourpassword("abc123"forthisexample)itwouldlooklikethis: pass=abc123/dla_ui=yes

Creating Connection Files

Creating Connection Files
Beforeyoubeginactuallycreatingormodifyingaconnectionfile,you m ustobtaintheZ39.50clientconfigurationinstructionsfor thedatabase y ouwanttoaccess.Contactyourlibrarianorinformationproviderfor t hisinformation.

Note:Ifthedatabase i snotavailableonaZ39.50server,youwillnotbeabletouseEndNotes O nlineSearchfeaturetoaccess itdirectly.Instead,usetheImport f eaturetoimportreferencesthathavebeendownloadedtotextfiles. OnceyouhavetheZ39.50clientconfigurationinformationinhand,follow t hesestepstocreateanewconnectionfile: Create the File and Enter the Basic Information 1. FromtheEditmenu s electConnectionFiles,andthenselectNewConnectionFile. 2. ThenewConnectionFilewindowopenstodisplay t heAboutthisConnectioninformationpanel.Enteranycommentsor descriptionshereforyourownuse.(Thesecommentsdonotaffect h owtheconnectionfunctions.) 3. ClickontheConnection S ettingsoptionandentertheconnectioninformation. 4. ClickontheSearch A ttributesoptiontomodifythedefaultsearchattributesifnecessary. 5. FromtheFilemenu,selectSaveAs.Namethenew c onnectionfileandsaveitinyourConnectionsfolder. Test the Connection and Searching 6. FromtheToolsmenu,selectOnlineSearchandselect y ournewconnectionfile.Iftheconnectioncannotbeestablished, checkthesettingsintheConnectionSettingspaneloftheconnection f ile,saveyourchanges,andtryagain. 7. Iftheconnectionwasestablished,theSearchpanel s houldopenautomatically.Enterasimplesearchtoseeifthesearch attributeswerecorrectlyconfigured.IftheSearchdoesnotwork c orrectlyoritreturnsanerror,checktheSearchAttributes settings i ntheconnectionfile.(Ifyoumodifytheconnectionfileatthis p oint,youmustsavetheconnectionfile,thenclose theRetrieved R eferenceswindow andreconnectinorderforyourchangestotake effect.) Test the Filtering of Reference Data 8. Onceyouareabletoconnectandsearch,retrieve adozenorsoreferencestotesthowaccuratelytheyarefiltered i ntoEndNotereferences.Double-clickaretrievedreferencetoopen ittoverifythatthedataareinthecorrectfields. Notethatifyouarepayingforthereferencesyouretrieve,these m aynotcomethroughcorrectly,soitisbesttoretrieve onlyafew. A llreferencesretrievedaresavedtoa c onnectionlogfile,sotheyarenotlost.Thislogfileisreplacedthenext timeyourunEndNote. 9. Ifthereferencedataisnotbeingcorrectlyfiltered i ntotheappropriatefieldsintheEndNotereferences,youwillneed t o comparethedownloadeddatatothefiltertemplatesinyourconnection f ile. ClosetheRetrieved R eferenceswindowandopentheConnect . loglogfilein a wordprocessortoviewtheoriginalformat oftheretrieved r eferences. FromtheEditmenu,selectConnectionFilesandselectEditConnection F iletoeditthenewlycreatedconnectionfile. LookattheTemplates p aneloftheconnectionfileandcomparethetemplatestheretothe referencedatainthe C onnect.logfile.Makechangesasnecessary.SeeIntroductiontoFiltersforinformationaboutmodifyingfilters.

Default Values for New Connection Files

Whencreatinganewconnectionfile,afewbasicsearchattributesare e nteredbydefault.Itisnotguaranteedthatthesewill work,aseach d atabasemayonlysupportitsownsubsetoftheZ39.50attributes. ConsulttheZ39.50clientconfigurationinstructionsfromyourinformation provideroryourlibrariantosetuptheconnectionfilecorrectlyfor t heonlinedatabaseyouwanttoaccess.

Default settings for a new connection file are: Port ID: 2 10 Element Set Name:F(Full) Record Syntax: MARC21 Text:ANSEL Search Fields (Use Attributes):AnyField(1016),Author(1003),Year(31),Title ( 4),Keywords(21),andAbstract(62). Filter: M ARC21filtersettingsareused. Allreferencesimportintothe"Book" r eferencetype.SeeFilterInformation t o importintoadditionalreferencetypes. Related Topics: Basic C omponentsofaConnectionFile TheConnection FileWindow TheConnection Manager TheConnection Settings

Using Z39.50 Command-Line Syntax

Note:Thistopic i sintendedonlyforpeoplewhoarefamiliarwithZ39.50terminology and haveaccesstotheZ39.50-clientconfigurationinformationfortheironline d atabases. Theadvancedsearchstrategiesaredocumentedhereonlyfor m oretechnical EndNoteusers;thisknowledgeisnotrequiredforbasic s earchingofonlinedatabases.Thesecommand-linesearchesdonot workwithPubMedorWebofScience. Itispossibletosetupasearchofanonlinedatabasethatisnot s upportedbytheEndNoteSearchpanelortheconnectionfileyou areusing. F orinstance,ifyouknowabouttheZ39.50attributessupportedbythe o nlinedatabase,youcanenteraZ39.50search whichEndNotepasses directly t otheserver,withoutanytranslation.Thisletsyouusesearchesthat a renotalreadysupported byyourconnectionfileandisusefulfortesting v arioussearchattributecombinationswhencreatingormodifyingaconnection file. Theseadvancedsearchesareentereddirectlyintothesearchlinejust a syouwouldenterasearchterm.EndNoteignoresthe searchmenufor t hatitemwhenitdetectsthatyouhaveentered a nadvancedsearch.Ifothersearchtermsareneeded,enter theminto t hesubsequentsearchlinesandselecttheappropriateAND,OR,orNOT c onnectors(justlikeanyothersearch). Anadvancedsearchusesthefollowingformat: \\search t erm/ATTRIBUTETYPE/ATTRIBUTEVALUE Thefirsttwocharacters(\\)tellEndNotethisisanadvancedsearch ofanonlinedatabase.Thenextpart,uptotheampersand,is thesearch t erm.ThenumbersoftheZ39.50attributetypeandvaluesfollow.They a reenteredfirstwithaslashandthenumber fortheattributetype, t henaslash,andtheattributesvalue.Repeatthatpatternforasmany a ttributesasyouwanttospecify. Notallattributesneedtobeincluded. S eeSearchAttributes. Thefollowingisacommonsearchexamplethatshouldworkformostservers. T hissearch,lookinginAnyFieldandusingthe Containsoperator,should f indallreferencesinwhichthetitlebeginswith"child." \\child/1/4/3/1/5/100

l AUseattribute(1)of4hasbeenspecified, s othesearchwillberestrictedtotheTitleforthisdatabase. l APositionattribute(3)of1furthernarrows t hesearchbyhavingthesearchtermbefoundasthefirstwordin t hefield. l ATruncationattribute(5)of100specifies n otruncationatallsoonly"child"willbeseenasamatch, a ndwordssuchas "children"and"childhood"will n ot.

Tip for Modifying Search Attributes

Ifyouwantedtotesthowvariationsofthesearchattributesettings w ouldimpactyoursearch,heresaneasywaytodoitwithouthaving t oedityourconnectionfile. 1. Withtheconnectionalreadyestablished,select S howConnectionStatus fromtheWindowmenu.Keeptheviewsetto StatusMessages. 2. StartwithabasicsearchusingtheSearchpanel ( withoutthecommand-linesyntax).Forexample,searchfor"child" i nthe Titlefield. 3. LookintheStatuswindow,andyouwillseewhich a ttributesarebeingused.Forexample: Searching f or:[child/1/4/3/1/5/100].====Building 4. YoucancopythesearchcommandoutoftheStatus w indow,andpasteitontotheSearchpanel(remembertoaddthe"\\" prefixtoidentifyitasacommand-linesearch),thenaddormodify t heattributevaluesasnecessary. 5. ClickSearchtotryoutyournewcombinationof a ttributes. 6. Whenyouhavefoundacombinationofsearchattributes t hatdoeswhatyouneed,edityourconnectionfileandmakethose c hangestotheSearchAttributespanel.

Preferences, Toolbars, & Shortcuts

EndNote Preferences
Change Case Preferences
TheEndNotestylescanbeconfiguredtochangethecapitalizationof t heauthornamesortitles.UsetheChangeCasepreferencestolistthe w ords thatshouldnotbemodifiedwhenEndNotechangesthecaseoftitles o rauthors.Thiscanbeusedfor specialacronyms,equations,propernouns, o rcompoundnamesthatrequireconsistentcapitalization. Fortitles,thispreferenceisusedonlywhenanoutputstyleisset u ptoapply"Headlinestylecapitalization"or"Sentence s tyle capitalization"(ratherthan"Leavetitlesasentered"). F orauthornames,thispreferenceisusedwhentheoutputstyleapplies a capitalizationoptionotherthan"AsIs." Toaccessthesesettings,goto t heEdit menu,select P references,andthenclickonChangeCaseinthelistofpreferences. Toaddwordstothelist: l Enter t heterminthetextboxatthetopofthedialog,andthenclick A dd. Toremoveanitemfromthelist: l Select t hetermandclickRemove.

Display Fields Preferences

UsetheDisplayFieldspreferencestochoosewhichfieldstodisplay i nEndNotesLibrarywindow.Thesesettingsapplytoall librariesopened o nthecomputer. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu, s electPreferences,andthenclickDisplayFieldsinthelistofpreferences. SelectthedesiredfieldfromeachFieldlist.Youmayselectupto t enfieldstodisplayintheLibrarywindow.Toshowfewerthan tenfields,select[Donotdisplay]insteadofafieldname. Bydefault,thefirstcolumnintheLibrarywindowdisplaysaRead/Unreadindicatorfollowedby: l FileAttachments l Author l Year l Title l Journal/SecondaryTitle l Rating l ReferenceType l URL l LastUpdated Inmostcases,thecolumnheadingintheLibrarywindow isthesame a stheGenericnameofthefield.Exceptionstothisrule includethe F igurefield,whichisindicatedbyafigureiconfig. h eaderandtheFileAttachmentsfield,whichisheadedbyapaper clip icon.IfyouwouldliketochangethenamefortheLibrarywindow display, enteranewnameintheHeadingcolumnnexttothe chosenfield.

Display all authors in the Author field IfyouwouldliketodisplayallauthornamesundertheAuthorheadingcolumn inthelibraryreferencelist,selectthe"Displayall authorsin t heAuthorfield"checkbox.Forallnewinstallations,thisisthe d efaultsetting.

Display Fonts Preferences

TheDisplayFontspanelgivesyoutheoptionofchangingthefontsthat E ndNoteusestodisplaymuchofthetextthroughoutthe program. Toaccess t hesesettings,gototheEditmenu, s electPreferences,andthenclickDisplayFontsinthelistofpreferences. Youcancontrolthefollowingdisplayfontsettings: l Library:TheLibrarytabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote a ppliestothereferenceslistedintheLibrarywindow. l General:TheGeneraltabdetermines thefontEndNoteapplieswhen y ouentertextinafieldintheReferenceandStyle windows. I talsodeterminesthefontEndNoteappliestotextthatyouviewinthe P reviewpanelandinformationpanelsor whenyouprintandcopy b ibliographicinformationfromEndNote. l Labels:TheLabelstabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote appliestotheReferencewindowfieldlabels. l Search:TheSearchtabdeterminesthefontandsizeEndNote applieswhenyouentertextinafieldontheSearchpanel. ChangesmadetothedisplayfontsapplytoallEndNotelibrariesopened o nthatcomputer.Theydonotaffectthefontusedwhen youareformatting b ibliographiesinawordprocessingdocument.Thenormalfontofthedocument i susedforthat. EndNote u sesUnicodetoencode s pecialcharacters,sothatdatacan b eeasilytranslatedbetweenplatforms,programs,and l anguages.However, s omefontsdonotincludecertainUnicodecharacters.Ifsomecharacters donotdisplaycorrectlyinyourEndNotelibrary,werecommendswitching t hedisplayfonttoaUnicodefontorinstallingtheappropriatelanguage p ack(see Displaying E xtended/SpecialCharacters). Tochangethelibrarydisplayfont: 1. FromtheEdit m enu,selectPreferences. 2. Click t heDisplayFontsoptioninthelist. 3. Click t hetabtoindicatewhichdisplayfontsettingyouwanttochange: L ibrary,General,Labels,orSearch. 4. Click t heChangeFont b utton,andselectadifferentdisplayfontand/orsizefromtheFont a ndSize l ists. 5. ClickOKtoclosethefontselectiondialogandreturnto t heDisplaysFontspreferencespanel. 6. ClickOKtosavethechangesandclosethePreferencesdialog. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Duplicates Preferences
TheDuplicatespreferencespanelsetscriteriafortheFindDuplicates c ommandontheReferencesmenu(thatcommandis describedinFinding D uplicateReferences).Thesesettingsarealsousedtohighlightor d iscardduplicatereferenceswhenretrievingreferencesfromanonline d atabase.

Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andclickDuplicatesinthelistofpreferences. Compare References Bydefault,EndNoteidentifiesduplicatereferencesinalibraryas r eferencesofthesamereferencetypewithmatchingAuthor, Year,and Titlefields.UsethispaneltocustomizethewayEndNoteidentifiesduplicate r eferences. l To s electthefields thatEndNoteshouldcomparewhenfindingduplicate r eferences,clickinthecheckboxestotheleftofthe fieldnames. The"Generic"namesofthefieldsareusedhere.Fordetails a boutwhattheGenericfieldnamescorrespondtoforeachreference type, s eeListofReference T ypes.Youmayselectasmanyfieldsasyouwanttomaketheduplicate d etectionmoreorlessstringent. Criteria Panel Youmayalsosetthe"Criteria"tohaveEndNotecomparethe f ieldsandlookforanexactmatchorbemorelenientinthecomparison a ndignorespacingandpunctuation. Online Search Results Panel WhenyouselecttheAutomatically d iscardduplicatescheckbox,EndNoteautomaticallydiscardsduplicatereferenceswhen retrievingreferencesfromanonlinedatabase.Theduplicatesareneverinsertedintothelibrary.ThissettingapplieswhenyouperformasearchinIntegratedLibraryModeorOnlineSearchMode. l IfyouareusingIntegratedLibrary&Online S earchModewhenperforminganonlinedatabasesearch,itappliestothepermanentAllReferenceslibrary. l IfyouareusingOnlineSearchModewhenperforminganonlinedatabasesearch,itappliestothetemporaryOnlineReferenceslibrary. Note:Thesesettings d onotapplytothe"MergeDuplicatesinBibliography"settingdefined i nFormattingPreferences.The d uplicatesareneverinsertedintothebibliography. Related Topics: Discarding D uplicateReference Finding D uplicateReferences

EndNote Preferences
ThesettingsforconfiguringEndNotesdisplay,formattingpreferences, a ndotheroptionsareorganizedinthePreferencessection oftheEndNote p rogram. ToaccessEndNotepreferences: 1. FromtheEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. Alistoftheavailablepreferencepanels a ppearsontheleftsideofthewindow.Clickonthenameofapanel i nthelistthat correspondstothesettingyouwouldliketochange. l ChangeCase l DisplayFields

l DisplayFonts l Duplicates l EndNoteWeb l FindFullText l FolderLocations l Formatting l Libraries l Read/Unread l ReferenceTypes l Sorting l SpellCheck l Sync l TemporaryCitations l TermLists l URLs&Links

Saving or Discarding Your Changes

Allofthepreferencespanelshavethefollowingoptions: l EndNoteDefaults:Revertsthesettingsforjust t hecurrentpaneltotheoriginalEndNotesettings. l RevertPanel:Removesanychangesmadetothe c urrentpanelsinceitwaslastsaved. l OK:Savesallchangestothepreferencesandcloses t hePreferenceswindow. l Cancel:Discardsallchangestothepreferences a ndclosesthePreferenceswindow. l Apply:Savesandappliesallchangestothepreferences a ndkeepsthePreferenceswindowopensothatyoucancontinue to m odifythepreferences asnecessary.

Where Preference Settings are Saved

Mostgeneralpreferencesare s avedintheWindowsregistry.ThisincludesmanyEndNotePreferences, s ubjectbibliographysettings,andCiteWhileYouWritesettings.Some p referencesarestoredinuser-specificfolders;thisallowsmultiple u sersto accessasinglelibrarywhilesavingeachuserspreferredsettings. T hepreferencesfolderslistedbelowstorefilessuchasthe connect.logfilecreatedduringanonlinesearch,theRefTypeTable.xmlfilethatcontainsreferencetypedefinitions,andaSearch folderthatcontainssavedsearchstrategies. Windows C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote Windows Vista and Windows 7:C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote

Find Full Text Preferences

Thispanelallowsyoucontroloverwhichsites,services,andtechnology E ndNoteuseswhenattemptingtofindthefulltextfora reference.You c anlimittheoptionsinordertospeeduptheFindFullTextoperation. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andthenclickFindFullTextinthelistofpreferences. Thecheckboxesdeterminewhichpiecesofinformationwillbeusedfrom y ourEndNotereferences.Theserepresentuniqueidentifiersforlocating e xactreferencematches. Ifyourinstitutionallows accesstoanOpenURLserver,youcanconfigure t hispaneltoallowEndNoteaccesstothesite.Select theOpenURLcheck b ox,andentertheOpenURLpathtodirecttotheonlinesite.Ifthesite r equiresauthenticationtoverify that youareallowedaccess,youcan e nteranAuthenticationURL.TheAuthenticationURLsimply directsto t hesitesloginpage. WhenyouattempttoFindFullText,youwillbe d irectedtothatpagetoenterauthenticationinformation(typicallya u serIDand password). TolearnmoreaboutusingtheFindFullTextfeatureandaboutadding accesstoyourinstitutionslibrary,seeFinding FullTextfor aReference. Related Topics: EndNotePreferences Finding R elatedOnlineReferences Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Opening a LinkedFileorURL Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Folder Locations Preferences

TheFolderLocationspreferencespaneliswhereyousetthepersonal f olderlocationsfornewormodifiedstyles,importfilters, andconnection f iles. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andthenclickFolderLocationsinthelistofpreferences. Themanystyles,filters, a ndconnectionfilesprovidedwithEndNoteareinstalledintheStyles, F ilters,andConnectionsfolders whicharelocatedintheEndNoteprogram f older. C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Styles C :\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Filters C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections Whenyoudisplayalistofstyles, f ilters,orconnectionfilesinEndNote, t helistiscompiledfromtwolocations:theinstallation folderslisted aboveandyourpersonalfolders. Note:Tochange t hedefaultinstallationfolderfortheprovidedstyles,filters,anconnection f iles,seeChanging t heDefaultContentFileLocation. Initially,yourpersonalfoldersdonotexist;theyarecreatedonce y oucreateanewfileorsavechangestoanexistingfile.For example, w henyouopenanexistingstyleandmakechanges,youcannotSave,but mustselectSaveAs.Youcangivethefile thesamenameoramodified n ame,butthefileissavedtoyourpersonalStylesfolder.Thenexttime y ouviewalistofoutput styles,youwillseeyourmodifiedstyle.If y ougavethefileadifferentnamethantheoriginalfile,botharelisted. I fyougavethe filethesamenameastheoriginal,youwillseethemodified s tylelisted,andnottheoriginalfile,althoughitstillresidesin t heprogramfolder.

Whydowebotherwithpersonalfolders?Whynotsimplychangeoradd t otheinstallationfolders?Weimplementedpersonalfolderssothat: l IfyoureinstallEndNoteforsomereason,you w illnotoverwriteamodifiedfilewiththesamename.(Weknowyou m ay havespenthoursgettingyourfilejustright,anddonotwant t orisklosingyourwork.) l Whenyouupgradetoanewer v ersionofEndNote,youwillnotdeleteanewormodifiedfile. l WhenyoudownloadEndNote programupdates,youwillnotoverwriteamodifiedfile. l Youcanwriteprotectashared programfolder,yetstilluseyourowncustomizedstyles,filters, a ndconnectionfiles. l You m usthaveadministrativerightstomodifyfilesintheProgramFiles f older.Formanyusers,thisisnotanoption,ornot easilydone. F orusersrunningWindowsVista,makingchangestofilesintheProgram Filesfolderisrestricted. Bydefault,yourpersonalfoldersaresetto: Windows XP: C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Styles C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Filters C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Connections Windows Vista: C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Styles C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Filters C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Connections Windows 7: C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Styles C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Filters C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Connections Tochangeyourpersonalfolderlocations: 1. FromtheEditmenu,selectPreferences. 2. ClickonFolderLocations. 3. Tochangeafolderlocation,clicktheSelectFolder b utton. 4. Selectoropenthefolderthatyouwouldliketo d esignateasthenewStyle,Filter,orConnectionfolder,andthen c lick SelectFolder. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Formatting Preferences
TheFormattingpreferencespanelallowsyoutocontroltheformattingofbibliographyentriesinawordprocessorandwhetherEndNoteautomaticallyomitsduplicatereferences fromabibliography. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andthenselectFormattingfromthelistofpreferences.

Suggest formatting with EndNotes Cite While You Write if the document type is supported WhiletheFormatPaperfeatureforRTFfilescanbeusedonmostword processorfiles,werecommendthatyoualways useCite WhileYouWrite f orMicrosoftWorddocuments. Itismucheasierandallowsmorecontrol a ndoptionstogiveyoutheexactoutputyouwant. Whenthisitemisselected,andyouattempttouseFormatPaperona d ocumentthatcouldbeformattedwithCiteWhileYou Write,amessage w illappearrecommendingthatyouuseCiteWhileYouWrite.You s tilluseFormatPaperifyouwish. Omit Author and/or Year from Formatted Citation if Removed from Temporary Citation EndNotesdefaultbehavioristoremovetheauthororyearfromthe f ormattedcitationifyouremoveeitherofthoseitemsfroma temporary (unformatted)citation.Forexample,"{,1999#24}"wouldformat asjust"(1999)"whenusingastylethatcreates (Author,Year) c itations.Ifyouprefertotypejusttherecordnumberintoyourpapers a sthetemporarycitation,youshouldturnthis preferenceoffsoEndNote w illnotremovetheauthorandyearfromallofyourformattedcitations. Merge Duplicates in Bibliography Whenyouselectthisoption,EndNoteautomaticallyomitsduplicate r eferencesfromabibliography.Usethisoptionif y ouarecitingreferencesfrommultipleEndNotelibrariesinonepaper. I nthissituation,thesamearticlereferencemightappearin t wo librariesandwouldhavetwodifferentrecordnumbers.EndNotewill n otidentifytherecordsasduplicatesunlessyouhavethis optionset t omergeduplicates. Whenyouselectthisoption,EndNotechecksthebibliographyforduplicate referencesduringtheformattingprocess.Ifduplicatesarefound,they a reremoved.References areconsideredduplicatesiftheyarethesame r eferencetype(suchasJournal ArticleorBook)andthefollowingfields a reidentical:Author,Year,Title,SecondaryTitle(Journal,Newspaper, Magazine,Book Title,SeriesTitle,ConferenceName,andsoon),Volume, I ssue,andPages. Note:TheDuplicates P referencessettingsdonotapplytothisfeature.Thecriteriafordetermining d uplicatesisfixedforthe "MergeDuplicatesinBibliography" s etting. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Omitting A uthorsorYearsfromCitations Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Libraries Preferences
Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andthenclickLibrariesinthelistofpreferences. Choosing a Library to Open UsetheLibrariespreferencessectiontospecifywhichlibrariesshould o penbydefaultwhenyoustartEndNote.First,usethe drop-downlist t ochoosefromtheseoptions: l Openthemostrecentlyusedlibrary l Openthespecifiedlibraries

l Prompttoselectalibrary l Donothing IfyouopttoOpenthespecifiedlibraries,youmustlistthosespecified l ibrarieshere.Toaddalibrarytothelist: 1. Ifthelibraryisnotalreadyopen,closethepreferences d ialogandopenthelibrary.DothisbyselectingOpenfromtheFile menu,andthenselectingthedesiredlibrary. 2. ReturntotheLibrariessectionofthePreferences dialog,andclickAddOpenLibrariestoaddallopenlibrariesto t helist. Toremovealibraryfromthislist,selectitintheLibrariespanel, andthenclickRemoveLibrary. Ofcourse,onceEndNoteisstarted,youcanalwaysopenalibraryby s electingOpenfromtheFilemenu. Displaying the Library Name with Each Reference Clickthe"ShowLibraryNameinReference W indow"checkboxifyouwantthelibrarynametoappearatthe t opofeachReferencewindow. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Read / Unread Preferences

UsethesesettingstoapplyReadorUnreadstatustagstoyourreferencesinordertotrackyourresearch. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu, s electPreferences,andthenclickRead/Unreadinthelistofpreferences. Mark as read upon viewing a reference in the Reference window Bydefault,EndNotechangesthestatusofareferencefromUnreadto R eadafteryouviewareferenceintheReferencewindow. Ifyouclearthecheckbox,thestatusofanUnreadreferenceremainsthesameafteryouviewareferenceintheReferencewindow. Mark as read upon viewing a reference in the Reference, PDF Viewer, or Preview Panels Bydefault,EndNotechangesthestatusofareferencefromUnreadto R eadafteryouviewareferenceintheReference,Preview, orPDFViewerpanels. Ifyouclearthecheckbox,thestatusofanUnreadreferenceremainsthesameafteryouviewareferenceintheReference,Preview,orPDFViewerpanels. Mark as read upon rating change Ifyouselectthischeckbox,EndNotechangesthestatusofareferencefromUnreadtoReadafteryouchangetheRatingofthe referencefromtheReferencelistortheReferencewindow. Ifyouclearthecheckbox,thestatusofanUnreadreferenceremainsthesameafteryouchangetheRatingofthereference. Read / Unread Features

l AllnewreferencesaremarkedasUnreadbydefault. l Bydefault,thefirstcolumnintheLibrarywindowdisplaysaReadorUnreadindicator.Youcanchangetheorderofthefieldsin thecolumnheadingsoftheLibrarywindow.SeeDisplayFieldsPreferencesformoreinformation. l EachreferencehaseitheraReadoranUnreadstatus.ClickingtheUnreadbuttonchangesthestatetoRead.Clickingthe ReadbuttonchangesthestatetoUnread. l EndNoteautomaticallysavesthestatusofareferencewheneveryouchangethestatusfromReadtoUnreadorviceversa. l YoucanselectmultiplereferencesfromtheReferencelistandchangethestatus oftheselectedreferencesfromReadto Unreadorvice-versa. l AreferencechangestoanUnreadstatusifyoueditafieldineithertheReferencepanelortheReferencewindow. l IntheLibrarywindow,thetextofareferencewithanUnreadstatusappearsinbold.ThetextofareferencewithaRead statusappearsinnormalfont.

Reference Types Preferences

UsetheReferenceTypespreferencespaneltocustomizeyoursettings f orthefields(suchasAuthor,Year,andTitle)andreferencetypes(such a sJournalArticleorBook)thatareusedbyEndNote.Anychangesthat y oumakeinthispanelapplytoallof thelibrariesthatopenonthe c omputer. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andthenclickReferenceTypesinthelistofpreferences.

Default Reference Type

WhenyoucreateanewreferenceinyourEndNotelibrary(byselecting N ewfromtheReferencesmenu),thenewreferenceisset upforajournal a rticlebydefault.Ifyouwouldratherhavenewreferencesautomatically a ppearasbooks,patents,orsomeother referencetype,changethe"Default R eferenceType"setting: l Click t heDefaultReferenceTypelistandchoosefromoneoftheavailable referencetypes. Ifyouneedareferencetypethatisnotinthelist,youwillneed t ocreateareferencetypeforitanddefineityourself(seeCustomizing R eferenceTypes).

Defining Reference Types

Ifyouneedtomodify anyofEndNotesfields orreferencetypes,click t heModifyReferenceTypesbutton.ThisopenstheEndNoteReferenceTypes p referencewhereyoucanadd,delete,andrenameEndNotesreferencetypes a ndfields. SeeCustomizing R eferenceTypesformoreinformationaboutreferencetypesandhow t ocustomizethem. SeeFindandReplaceforinformation a boutchangingareferencetype.

Reference Type Table

YoucanusetheExportandImportbuttonstoshareacustomizedreference t ypetablewithanotherEndNoteuser.SeeSharing YourReferenceTypeTableforstep-by-stepinstructions. Note: Replacing a notheruser'sRefTypeTable.xml f ileoverwritesallchangestohis/hercurrentReferenceTypestable. Related Topics: About t hePredefinedReferenceTypes

CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences List ofReferenceTypes Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Sorting Preferences
WhenEndNotesortsauthornamesandtitles,youcanidentifywhatwords o rnamestoignoreforsortingpurposes. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEdit menu,selectPreferences,andthenclickSortinginthe l istofpreferences. Toaddwordstobeignoredforsorting: l Enter t heterminthetextboxbeloweitherthe"AuthorFields" o r"TitleFields"prompt,andclickAdd. Toremoveatermfromeitherlist: l Select t hetermandclickRemove. ClickEndNoteDefaultstorevertbothliststothedefaultsettings. Note:Iftheterm y ouenterappearsastheonlywordinanAuthororTitlefield,itwill notbeignoredasastopwordinthatcase, andwillbeusedforsorting. Authors TheAuthorFieldslistisdesignedsothatyoumayenterpartsofauthor n amesthatmaybeomittedforsortingpurposes.Forexample,prepositions i nnamessuchas"von,""van,"and"de" a reincludedaspartofthelastname,butnotconsideredpartofthe nameforsortingpurposes.TheentriesintheAuthorFieldslistarecase s ensitive;thatis,ifyouenter"von"itappliesonlyto"von" a ndnot"Von." Forcontractions,donotentertheapostropheinthestoplist.So, f ortheauthorname"DAngelo, y oucouldenterDtothestoplist, withouttheapostrophe, t osortthenameasAngelo. ThesesettingsapplytotheGenericfieldsforAuthor,SecondaryAuthor, T ertiaryAuthor,andSubsidiaryAuthor.Nonamesare enteredbydefault. Titles WhentermsareaddedtotheTitleFieldslist,thesortingroutineignores t hemwhentheyappearatthestartofthetitle.Capitalizationdoesnot matterforthesewords.Thatis,theword"the"canbeentered ( lowercase)andstillapplyto"The." Forcontractions,donotentertheapostropheinthestoplist.So,fortheterm"l'avenir"youwouldenter"L"tothestoplist,without theapostrophe,tosortas"avenir." ThesesettingsapplytotheGenericfieldsforTitle,SecondaryTitle (includestheJournalfield),TertiaryTitle,ShortTitle,andAlternate Title.Thewords"a,""an,"and"the"are e nteredasdefaults. Note:Whenyou c losethePreferencepanelandreturntoyourlibrarylist,youmustresort y ourreferencestobuildanewsortthat usesyourrevisedlist.Youcan d othisbyclickingonacolumnheader,orbyusingtheReferences> S ortReferencescommand. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Sorting t heLibrary

Spell Check Preferences

OntheSpellCheckpreferencespanel,youcansetgeneralspellcheck OptionsandselectormodifyDictionaries.Forgeneral informationabout h owtostartspellcheckingarecord,seeStarting S pellCheck. Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,selectPreferences,and t henclickSpellCheckinthelistofpreferences.

General Options
YoucanaccesstheseSpellCheckOptionsfromtheEndNotePreferences SpellCheckpanelorfromthedialogthatappears whenyourunSpellCheck. C licktheOptionsbutton. 1. Selectthecheckboxnexttoeachitemyouwant t oapplyduringspellchecking. 2. SelectaMainDictionarylanguagefromthelist o favailabledictionaries. Foreachlanguage,EndNoteusesacombinationofdictionaryfileslocated inEndNotesSpellfolder.Selectyourprimary language.Ifyouwant t oapplyadditionallanguagedictionaries,seeAddinganExisting D ictionarybelow. 3. Decidehowfastandaccurateyouwantspellchecking t owork. 4. ClickOKtosavethechanges.

Modifying Dictionaries
YoucanaccesstheDictionariespreferencesfromtheEndNotePreferences S pellCheckpanelorfromthedialogthatappears whenyourunSpellCheck. C licktheDictionariesbutton. Usethisdialogtovieworeditthecontentofexistingdictionaries, t oaddexistingdictionariesforuse,tocreatenewdictionaries, and t oremovedictionaries.ThedictionarieslistedunderFilesarecurrently i nuse(inadditiontotheMainDictionaryselected underOptions). Tomodifydictionaries: 1. UnderFiles,selectthedictionaryfileyouwant t oviewormodify. l Ifitisalreadyinthelist,simply select i t. l Ifyouneedtolocateanexistingfiletouse, u setheAddFilebuttontolocatethefileonyourcomputerandadd ittothelist. Bydefault,dictionariesarekeptinEndNotesSpell f older. l Tocreateanewdictionary,clickNewFile. l Toremoveadictionary,displaythefilename inthelistandclickRemoveFile.Thisremovesadictionaryfrom u se,but doesnotdeletetheactualdisk f ile. 2. Thewordsintheselecteddictionaryappearin t hetoplist. l Toaddawordtotheselecteddictionary,type i tunderWordsandclickAddWord. l Todeleteawordfromtheselecteddictionary, s electthewordandclickDeleteWord. l TochangetheActionappliedtoaword,select t hewordandthenpickthenewActionfromthelist.

Adding an Existing Dictionary YoumayhaveselectedEnglish(oradifferentlanguage)asyourMain D ictionaryLanguage,butwanttoapplyanadditionallanguageduringspell c hecking. 1. OntheDictionariesdialog,clicktheAddFile b utton. 2. InEndNotesSpellfolder,locatethedictionary f ileyouwanttouseandOpenit.Thedictionaryisaddedtothelist u nder Files. Importing/Exporting a Dictionary TheDictionariesdialogincludesImportandExportbuttons. UseImporttolocateandimportaplaintextfileoftermsintothe c urrentdictionary.Thetextfileshouldcontainalistofterms,with e achtermonitsownline.Ifyouaretypingthelistintoatextfile, m akesureeachtermisfollowedbyacarriagereturn,including thelast t erminthelist.Ifyouarecreatingthelistinawordprocessor,make s uretouseSaveAstosavethefileasplaintext.If yourtermscontain e xtendedcharacters,savewiththeUnicode(UTF-8)encodingoption. UseExporttosavealltermsfromadictionarytoaplaintextfile, w hereeachtermstartsonanewline.

Dictionaries Supplied with EndNote

ThesedictionariesaresuppliedwithEndNote.Whenyouselectthemain d ictionarylanguage,acombinationoffilesareloaded, includingfiles n otlistedhere. Whenyouwanttoaddadditionallanguages,findtheDictionaryyouwant t ousefromtheleftcolumn,thenlookforthecorrespondingFileName. W henyouAddadictionary,lookfortheappropriateFileNameinEndNotes S pellfolder. Dictionary List Dictionary UserDictionary:Contains E nglishwords UserDictionary:Contains c ommonEnglishmisspellingsand theircorrectreplacementsfor a utocorrection UserDictionary:Sample userdictionary AmericanEnglish AmericanEnglishMedical BritishEnglish BritishEnglishMedical Danish Dutch Finnish French(EuropeanandCanadian) German Italian Norwegian(Bokmal) Portuguese(Brazilian) Portuguese(Iberian) Spanish Swedish File Name accent.tlx correct.tlx userdic.tlx ssceam.tlx sscema.tlx sscebr.tlx sscemb.tlx ssceda.tlx sscedu.tlx sscefi.tlx sscefr.tlx sscege.tlx ssceit.tlx sscenb.tlx sscepb.tlx sscepo.tlx sscesp.tlx sscesw.tlx

RelatedTopics CiteWhileYouWritePreferences EndNotePreferences ShortcutstoMakeUsing E ndNoteEasier SpellChecking StartingSpellCheck

Sync Preferences
Thisdialogsavessubscriptioncredentialsandsyncsettings t oautomatetheprocessofsynchronizingyourEndNote librarywith yourEndNoteWeblibrary. YoucansetyourSyncpreferencessothat: l Youdonothaveto e nter y oure-mailaddressandpasswordeachtimeyousynchronizeyourreferences between E ndNote andEndNoteWeb. l YoucanupdateyourEndNote l ibrarywithyourEndNoteWeblibrarywheneveryouopenorclose y ourdefaultEndNote library. l YoucanhaveEndNoteautomaticallybegintheSyncprocessevery15,30, o r60minutes(ormanuallyifyouprefer). YoumustfirstregisterandhaveanactiveEndNoteWebaccount t oinitiatetheSyncprocess.Registrationisfastandeasyand activatesyourtwo-yearEndNoteWebaccount.Whencompleted, E ndNoteautomaticallyproceedswiththeSyncprocessand updates y ournewEndNoteWeblibrarytomatchthegroups inyourEndNotelibrary. ToaccessSyncPreference,goto t heEditmenu,select Preferences,andthenclickSyncinthelistofpreferences. Enable Sync Button YourpurchaseofEndNoteX6entitlesyoutoatwo-yearfree s ubscriptiontoEndNoteWebouronlineversionofEndNotedesktop. I Already Have an EndNote Web Account 1. ClicktheEnableSyncbutton t ogotoanEndNoteWebLogindialog. 2. Enteryoure-mailaddress. 3. EnteryourEndNoteWebpassword. 4. PressOK. SinceyoualreadyhaveanEndNoteWebaccount,EndNotepopulates t hefields ontheSyncPreferencespagewiththee-mail addressand p asswordthatyouenteredontheEndNoteWebLogindialog.Later y oucanchangethedatainthese f ieldsifyou everchangeyoure-mailaddressorpassword. I Do Not Have an EndNote Web Account IfyoudonothaveanEndNoteWebaccount,thenyoumustcreateone. R egistrationisfastandeasyandactivatesyourtwo-year EndNoteWeb a ccountwhencompleted. 1. ClicktheEnableSyncbuttontogotoanEndNoteWebLogin d ialog. 2. ClicktheSignUpbuttontogotoaUserRegistrationdialog.

3. Enteryoure-mailaddressintheUserRegistrationdialog. Retypeyoure-mailaddress,andthenclicktheContinuebutton. 4. Enteryourpersonalinformationintherequiredfieldson t henextUserRegistrationform.Forexample,enteryourname, a password,atitle,andfillintheremainingfields. 5. ClicktheIAgreebuttontocompletetheregistrationprocess andtobeginsynchronizingyourEndNoteWeblibrarywithyour EndNotelibrary. OnceyoucreateyourEndNoteWebaccount, E ndNotepopulatesthefields ontheSyncPreferencespagewithyour e-mail addressandpasswordthatyouenteredduringregistration. L ateryoucanchangethedatainthesefieldsifyoueverchange y our e-mailaddressorpassword. Note:Werecommendthatyoucreateacompressed l ibrarybackupthefirsttimethatyouinitiatetheSyncprocess. S eeSaving a C ompressedCopyofaLibraryformoreinformation. SeeTheLibrary W indowforinformationonhowtoinitiatetheSyncprocessfromthe l ibrarytoolbar. EndNote Web Account Credentials Panel OnceyouregisterandactivateyourEndNoteWebaccount,youcan editthefields intheEndNoteWebAccountCredentials panel. l Enteryoure-mailaddress.EndNoteuses y oure-mailaddresstoverifyyouridentification. l EnteryourEndNoteWebpassword. EndNoteusesthesecredentialstoaccessyourEndNoteWeblibrary. O nceyousavethisinformation,youwillnothavetoenterit again. E ndNotesavestheinformationuntilthenexttimeyouaccessSync P referencesanddecidetomakechanges. Sync this EndNote Library Panel EnterthenameoftheEndNotelibrarythatyouwanttosynchronize w ithyourEndNoteWeblibrary. IfthisfieldisblankwhenyoufirstaccessedSyncPreferences, EndNote w illpopulatethefieldwiththepathandfilenameofthe currently openedEndNotelibrary. Note:Thisfieldisnotactiveuntilyou registerandcreateanEndNoteWebaccount. Sync Automatically Check Boxes l When I open the library:Thisoption t ellsEndNote t osynchronizethe references i nyourEndNotelibrarywiththereferencesinyour E ndNoteWeblibrarywhenyouopenup t helibraryspecifiedinthe"SyncthisEndNote L ibrary" f ield. l When I close the library:Theselectedcheckbox i sadefault s etting.ThisoptiontellsEndNotetosynchronizethe r eferencesinyourEndNotelibrarywiththe referencesinyourEndNoteWeblibrarywhenyouopenupthe l ibrary s pecifiedin the"SyncthisEndNoteLibrary"field. l Every 15 minutes:Theselectedcheckboxisa d efaultsetting.Youcanchange t hetimesettingto30,60minutes,ormanualtoset u patimewhenEndNoteshouldbegintheSyncprocess. EndNote Defaults and Revert Panel Buttons SeeEndNote P referencesforadescriptionoftheEndNoteDefaultsandRevert P anel b uttons. Related Topics:

Overview o fEndNoteWeb OverviewoftheSyncProcess Resolve S yncConflicts SettingupanEndNoteWebAccount

Temporary Citations Preferences

Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu, s electPreferences,andthenclickTemporaryCitationsinthelistof p references. A"temporarycitation"isanunformattedcitationthatEndNote i nsertsintoyourwordprocessingdocumentwhenyouusetheFind Citation(s) o rInsertCitation(s)commandfromWords T oolsmenu,orwhenyoucopyandpasteacitationintoadocument.You canalsotypetemporarycitationsintoyourdocument.Thetemporarycitation i saplaceholderthatEndNotelaterchangestoaformatted c itation,suchas(Smith J ones,1999). Bydefaultatemporarycitationincludesthefirstauthorslastname, t heyear,andtheEndNoterecordnumber,enclosedincurly braces: {Smith,1999#24} Ifnecessary,youcanchangethetemporarycitationdelimitersusing t hesettingsinthispanel.

Temporary Citation Delimiters

Curlybracesareusedbydefaulttoindicatethestartandendofeach t emporarycitation.Ifyoucommonlyusecurlybracesinyour writing, y oumightwanttoselectadifferentpairofmarkersforEndNotetouse a sTemporaryCitationDelimiters. Enterthedesiredmarkersintotheappropriateboxesatthetopofthe T emporaryCitationspreferencespanel. Note:Ifyouwill b eusingEndNoteWebtoCiteWhileYouWrite,youmustusethedefault c urlybracesascitationdelimiters.

Record Number Marker

Thenumbersign(#)always precedestherecordnumberinanEndNote t emporarycitation.Youmaychangethisbyentering anothercharacter i ntheRecordNumberMarkerbox. TheEndNoterecordnumberisauniquenumberassignedtoeachreference a sitisaddedtoalibrary.Thenumberisspecificto thatreference inthatparticularlibrary.Ifyouarecollaboratingwithotherwriters w hohavetheirownEndNotelibraries(ordonot haveanEndNotelibrary a tall),youmightfinditeasiertoreplacetheRecordNumberinthe t emporarycitationwithsomethingthat uniquelyidentifiesthereference b utisnotspecifictoyourEndNotelibrary.Todoso,selectthe"Use f ieldinsteadofrecord number"optionandselectfromtheLabel f ield,theAccessionNumberfield,orthePagesfield. l TheLabelfieldcanbeusedtomanuallyenter a nyuniquecodethatyouwouldliketouseforeachrecord. l TheAccessionNumberfieldisdesignedtocontain t heuniquerecordnumberassignedtoareferencefromanonlinedatabase. l ThePagesfieldcancontainauniquepagenumber o ranotheruniquenumberforeachrecord. Note:If y ouhaveselectedtheLabel,AccessionNumber,orPagesfield,andthat f ieldisemptyinaparticularreference,theRecordNumberwillappear i nthetemporarycitation.

Citation Prefix Marker

TheCitationPrefixMarkerseparatesprefixtextinacitationfrom t hecitationitself.Forexample,ifyouwantedacitationformattedas: (seealsoSmith,1999)

youwouldenterthetextintothetemporarycitationasfollows,with t he"\"indicatingtheendoftheprefix textandthestart ofthe citation: {seealso\Smith,1999#24} IfyouprefertouseadifferentcharacterastheCitationPrefix Delimiter, y oumayenteritinthispreferencespanel.Semicolons(;), letters,numbers, a ndcharactersalreadyusedasotherdelimitersmaynotbeusedforthe C itationPrefix Delimiter. Note:Whenyou u seCiteWhileYouWritesEditCitationcommandtoaddprefixtext,the C itationPrefixMarkerisautomatically insertedaspartofthetemporary c itation.

Including Notes in the List of References

Somejournalstyles(suchasScience)permityoutoincludenoteswith t helistofworkscitedattheendofthedocument.Insuch asystem, t henotesarenumberedjustlikethecitations,andincludedinthereference l istintheorderofappearance,justlikethe references. Toidentifytexttobeincludedasanumberednoteinthereference l ist: 1. Type t hetextintothebodyofyourdocumentwhereyouwouldwantthenumber f orthenotetoappear. 2. Besure t osurroundtheentiresectionoftextwithyourTemporaryCitation D elimiters(curlybraces bydefault),andbeginit with"NOTE:". F orexample: {NOTE:Theauthorswouldliketoacknowledge thesupportof...} WhenthepaperisformattedbyEndNoteusinganumberedstyle,thetext i sassignedanumberandlistedalongwiththereferencesattheendof t hepaper. Note:WithCite W hileYouWrite,youcansimplygotoWords Toolsmenu,gototheEndNote X 6submenu,andselectInsert Note. ThewaythatthesenotesareidentifiedmaybechangedintheTemporary C itationspreferences.Enteraprefixthatyouwouldlike tousetosignalthatthetextshouldbetreatedasanote.

Restrictions on the Use of the "NOTE" Feature

l Thisfeaturerequiresthatanumberedstyle b eusedfortheformatting;otherwise,thenotewillbeleftasit w asenteredin thebodyofthetext. l Entertextonly.Donotattempttoinsertgraphics, e quations,orsymbolsasnotetext. l Donotusethetemporarycitationdelimiters aspartofthetextofthenote.Othermarkers,suchastherecord n umber markerandtheprefixmarkerandthemultiplecitationseparator maybeused. l Thesetypesofnotescannotbecombinedwith regulartemporarycitationswithinthesamesetofbrackets.They s houldbe citedseparatelyeachinitsownsetofbrackets. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references ComponentsofaTemporary C itation EndNotePreferences Notes A boutTemporaryCitations

Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Term Lists Preferences

Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andclickonTermListsinthelistofpreferences. Bydefault,everynewEndNotelibraryhasthreetermlistsassociated w ithit:Authors,Journals,andKeywords.Thetermlistsare automatically u pdatedasyouenterreferencesintoyourlibrary.Thetermsinthese l istsarealsousedtofacilitatedataentryusing the"SuggestTerms a sYouType"feature.Thisfeaturesuggeststermsasyoutypeinto f ieldswithtermlistslinkedtothem.For example,asyoutypeintothe A uthorfield,EndNotesuggestsauthornamesfromyourAuthorstermlist t ohelpyouwithdata entry.Whenyouenteranewtermthatisnotcurrently i ntheassociatedtermlist,itappearsinredtexttoindicatethatit i sanew term.Thiscanpointouttypingmistakesortheuseofanincorrect k eywordifyouthoughtyouwereenteringanameoratermcommonlyused i nyourlibrary. Anyofthetermlistsettingsdescribedabovecanbeturnedoffusing t hesettingsfortheTermListspreferences. Suggest Terms as You Type (Auto-Completion) Whenselected,EndNotewillautomaticallycompletematchingtermswhen y ouaretypingintoafieldthatislinkedtoatermlist (seeInserting TermsintoReferences). Ifyouturnthisfeatureoff,youmaystillinserttermsintoafield byopeningthedesiredtermlistfromtheToolsmenuanddoubleclicking t hedesiredterm. Update lists when importing or pasting references Whenthisoptionisselected,thetermlistsareautomaticallyupdated a syouimportreferences(usingtheImportcommandfrom theFilemenu), d rag-and-dropreferences,orPastereferencesintoyourlibrary.Ifyou t urnthisoptionoff,youcanalways manuallyupdateyourtermlistsby s electingDefineTermListsfromtheToolsmenu,highlightingatermlist, a ndclickingUpdateList (seeManually U pdatingTermLists). Update lists during data entry Whenthisoptionisselected,thetermlistsareautomaticallyupdated a syoutypeinnewreferencedata.Ifyouturnthisoptionoff, youcan a lwaysmanuallyupdateyourtermlistsbyselectingDefineTermLists f romtheToolsmenu,highlightingatermlist,and clickingUpdateList ( seeManuallyUpdating T ermLists). Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

URLs & Links Preferences

Toaccessthesesettings,gototheEditmenu,select P references,andclickonURLs&Linksinthelistofpreferences.

Connection Log File

WhenyouusetheOnlineSearchcommandtoconnecttoanonlinedatabase, E ndNotekeepsacopyofalloftheretrievedreferencesforthatsession i ntheconnectionlogfile ( thefilenameis"Connect.log").Thishappensbydefault, b utyoumayturnthis optionoffbyclearingthe"UseLogFile"option.

Werecommendkeepingtheoptionturnedonbecauseintheeventthat t hereferenceswerenotcorrectlyretrievedorfilteredinto EndNote, y oucanalwaysadjustthefilterintheconnectionfile,andimportthe C onnection.logfileinsteadofredoingthesearch anddownload(see G eneralImporting I nstructions). Bydefault,theConnection.logfileisstoredinthefolder: Windows XP:C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote Windows Vista: C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote Windows 7:C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote Youmaychangethenameandthelocationofthe C onnect.logfilebyclickingtheChoosebutton.Inthedialog t hatappears,enter anewnameforthefile(ifdesired),andselectthe n ewlocationforthefile.

ISI Base URL

Whenyouexportreferencesfrom W ebofSciencetoEndNote, E ndNotecreatesa"GotoISI"link i ntheURLfieldofeachreference.Theselinkstakeyoubacktothesourcerecordwhereyoucanfindrelatedreferences,timescited,andotherinformation. IfyouhaveupgradedfromanearlierversionofEndNote,youmayneedtoclickEndNoteDefaultstoupdatetheISIBaseURLto thelatestsetting IfyourinstitutionusesalocallymountedversionofWebofScience, y oushouldentertheURLforthatserverhereinEndNotes ISIBaseURLpreference.Otherwise,thelinks inreferences downloadedfromWebofSciencewilltakeyoutothemainWeb o f Scienceserverwhereyoumightnothaveaccess.

OpenURL Arguments
TheURL>OpenURLLinkcommandontheReferencesmenustarts your d efaultwebbrowseranddisplaysthefulltextarticle(if available) p lusalistoflinkstosimilararticles.ItconnectstoanOpenURL s tandardsyntaxserverandusestheseOpenURLpreferencesalongwithdata i nyourEndNoterecordtofindrelatedonlinereferences. Note:Thiscommand h asnorelationtotheURLfieldfoundinEndNotereferencesortheURL > OpenLinkcommandontheReferencesmenu(whichopensthespecific U RLfoundintheURLfield). Weincludeadefaultargumenttosearchforrelatedonlinerecords. Y oucanusethisargumentasasyntax exampleifyouwishto enteryour o wnargumentshere. Note:Remember, y oucanrevertbacktotheEndNotedefaultsatanytimebyclickingEndNote D efaults.

Attached Files
WhenyouselectFileAttachments>AttachFilefromtheReferences m enutoinsertalinktoafile,youhavetwooptionsavailable toyou. Y oucan: l Insertthefileasarelative l ink. Inthiscase,EndNotemakesacopyofthe o riginalfileandplacesitintheDATA\PDF f olderthatispartofyourEndNote database.EndNotewillalwaysbeable t oaccessthefile,evenwhenyoushareyourdatabasewithacolleague. H owever, ifyouedittheoriginalfileonyourcomputer,thosechanges w illnotbereflectedinEndNote.Youwouldneedtoclearthe filefrom y ourEndNotereferenceandreinsertthefile. l Insertthefilewithanabsolute p ath.

Inthiscase,EndNotewillalwayslookin t heoriginalfolderfortheinsertedfile.Thiscanbehelpfulifyou p lantoeditthe originalfile,andyouwantthosechangesreflectedwhen y ouaccessthefilefromwithinEndNote.However,ifyouever movethe f ilefromtheoriginalfolder,EndNotewillnotbeabletoaccessitunless y ouclearthefilefromyourEndNotereferenceandreinsertitfromthe n ewfolderlocation.Ifyousendyourdatabasetoacolleague,thefile w illnotbeavailable. Bydefault,thecheckboxtitled"Copynewfileattachmentsto t hedefaultfileattachmentfolderandcreatearelativelink"is selected,sothatEndNotewillcopylinkedfilestotheDATA\PDF f older.Youcandeselectthisboxinordertosaveabsolute paths.You c analways overridethisdefaultsettingonthefiledialogwhenyouare i nsertingafile. FindFullTextalwayssavesfilestothedefaultattachmentfolderand c reatesrelativelinks. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Finding R elatedOnlineReferences Linking a FiletoanEndNoteReference Opening a LinkedFileorURL Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Microsoft Word CWYW Preferences

Cite While You Write Preferences
YoucanaccesstheCiteWhileYouWritepreferences inoneofthree w ays: l Word 2003: F romtheTools>EndNotemenuinMicrosoftWord, s electCiteWhileYouWritePreferences. l Word 2007 and 2010:OntheEndNotetabin W ord,intheToolsgroup,clickPreferences. l OntheEndNotetoolbarinWord,clicktheEndNote Prefsicon. l FromtheTools>CiteWhileYouWritemenu, s electCWYWPreferences. Note:Yourword p rocessormustbeopeninordertoaccessCWYWPreferencesfromtheTools menuinEndNote. CiteWhileYouWritePreferencesinclude: l l l l GeneralPreferences KeyboardShortcutsinWord FiguresandTablesinWord Application

SeveralrelatedEndNotepreferences alsodirectlyaffectCiteWhileYouWrite.

General Preferences (Microsoft Word)

Generalpreferencesareusefulwhenyoualways useyourEndNotelibrary a longwithyourwordprocessorandyoualwaysuse yourwordprocessor alongwithyourEndNotelibrary. ToaccessGeneralpreferences,gotoWord'sTools>EndNotemenu andselectCiteWhileYouWritePreferences.(Word 2 007 and2010:OntheEndNotetab,intheToolsgroup,clickPreferences.) Open EndNote When Starting Word Selectthisitemtoalways openEndNotewhenyoustartMicrosoftWord.

Close EndNote When Leaving Word Selectthisitemtoalways closeEndNotewhenyouleaveMicrosoftWord. T hisworksonlywhentheEndNoteprogramwas launchedwithoneofthe C iteWhileYouWritecommandsfromwithinWordoriftheOpenEndNote W henStartingWordpreferenceisselected. Return to Document After Inserting Citations Selectthisitemtoalways makeyourdocumenttheactivewindowafter insertingcitationswithEndNotesInsertSelectedCitation(s) c ommand.IfthispreferenceisturnedoffsothattheWorddocumentremains i nthebackground,youwillnotseethe insertedcitationintheWord d ocumentuntilthedocumentbecomestheactivewindow.Thisisbecause t hedisplayfortheWord documentisnotupdatedinthebackground. Enable Instant Formatting on new Word documents ThisoptionisavailableforCiteWhileYouWrite.ItturnsInstant F ormattingonorofffornewWorddocuments.Whenyouenable InstantFormatting, y oucanalsodeterminehowoftenEndNotescansfortemporarycitations a ndwhetheritchecksforcitation changesinexistingcitations. ToturninstantformattingonoroffinanexistingWorddocument,see I nstantFormatting. Turn off Words Show field codes instead of their values option when opening or updating documents that include citations EndNoteusesextensiveWordfieldcodesinordertoidentifyandformat c itations.Whenfieldcodesaredisplayed,yourdocumentcanlookconfusing! S eeFieldCodesinWordformore i nformationandanexample. WerecommendthatyounotviewfieldcodesinWord.Thisoptionensures t hatyouwillseeappropriatetextinyourdocument. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier Showing W ordProcessorCodes

Keyboard Preferences (Microsoft Word)

KeyboardshortcutsforEndNotesCiteWhileYouWritecommandsareavailable i nWord. Toaddorchangeakeyboardshortcut: 1. Word 2003 :FromWordsTools>EndNotemenu,selectCite W hileYouWritePreferences. Word 2007 and 2010 : OntheEndNotetab,intheTools g roup,clickPreferences . 2. ClicktheKeyboardtab. 3. Fromthelistofcommands,selectthecommandfor w hichyouwouldliketoadd(orchange)ashortcut. 4. Under"Pressnewshortcutkey,"enter t henewshortcutkeycombinationonthekeyboard. 5. ClickAssigntoassignthenewshortcut. Followthesamestepstoremoveanassignedshortcutkey,exceptclick R emoveinsteadofAssign. ClickResetAlltoremovecustomkeyassignments.

Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references CWYW KeyboardCommands Editing K eyboardCommandsinEndNote EndNotePreferences Menu KeyboardCommandsinEndNote Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier Showing W ordProcessorCodes

Figures and Tables Preferences (Microsoft Word)

Usesettingsintheoutputstyletodeterminewhetherimages areplaced i n-textorattheendofthedocument,wherecaptionsand labelsarelocated, andseparationandpunctuationaroundimagesandcaptions.SeeFigures a ndTables. ThefiguresandtablessettingsinMicrosoftWordoverridesettings f romthecurrentoutputstyle.Ifyouroutputstyleissettoprint figures a ndtablesinalistattheendofthedocument,thesettingsonthis t abareignored.However,ifyouroutputstyleissetto printfigures a ndtablesin-text,youcanusethistabtooverridesettingswhenyou havemovedfiguresaroundinyourdocument andwanttoretaintheirplacement. Tocustomizethein-textplacementofEndNotefiguresandtablesin W ord. 1. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsmenu,selectCiteWhileYouWritePreferences. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheTools g roup,clickPreferences . 2. SelecttheFiguresandTablestab. 3. Selecttheappropriateradiobuttonto: l Placeeachfigureortabledirectlyafterthe paragraphwhereitisfirstreferenced,or l Whenre-generatingfigures,keepeachfigure ortableinitscurrentposition.Thisallows youtomoveimagesaround i nyour documentandhavethemstaytherewhenyouGenerateFigure L istagain.

Application Preferences (Microsoft Word)

UsetheApplicationtabinWordtoindicatewhichversionofEndNotetouse w henyouuseCiteWhileYouWrite. l EndNote i syourdesktopversionofEndNotebibliographicapplication. l EndNoteWeb i stheonlineWebversionofEndNote. Toselecttheappropriateapplication: 1. Word 2003: F romWordsToolsEndNotemenu,selectCiteWhileYouWritePreferences. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNoteX6tab,intheTools g roup,clickPreferences. 2. ClicktheApplicationtab. 3. Selecttheappropriateapplication:EndNoteorEndNoteWeb. Word 2007 and 2010: T hesystemaddsanEndNoteX6tabintheTabsgroupinWordwhenyouselecttheEndNotemenuoption. ThesystemaddanEndNoteWebtabwhenyouselecttheEndNoteWebmenuoption.

Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWritePreferences EndNoteCiteWhileYouWriteTabMissinginWord EndNotePreferences OverviewofEndNoteWeb OverviewofEndNoteWeb OverviewoftheSyncProcess SyncPreferences UsingCiteWhileYouWritewithEndNoteWeb

Showing Word Processor Codes

Theformattedcitationsandbibliographyinyourdocumentarenotplain t ext;theycontainhiddendatathatmakeitpossiblefor EndNotetounformat a ndreformatcitationsandbibliographies. Microsoft Words Field Shading FormattedcitationsandbibliographiesinWorddocumentsareMicrosoft W ordfields.ThisgivesEndNotetheabilitytouniquely identifythem. WhenyouclickonafieldinWord(suchasaformattedEndNotecitation o rthebibliography),itbecomesshaded.Youcanchange thisbehavior s othatthefieldsarealwaysshaded,shadedonlywhenselected,ornever s haded.Todoso,selectOptions f rom WordsToolsmenuandselecttheView o ption.Thereyouwillseetheoptionsforfieldshading.Word 2007 and 2010:Clickthe Officeiconinthe t opleftcornerofWord,clickWord O ptions,then c lickAdvanced,andscrolldownto"Show documentcontent" tofindfieldshadingoptions. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences FieldCodes Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Related EndNote Preferences

SeveralotherEndNotepreferencesdirectlyaffectCiteWhileYouWrite. T oaccessEndNotepreferences,gototheEdit m enuin EndNoteandselectPreferences. Therelatedpreferencedialogsincludesettingsfor: l Temporary Citations l Formatting ThesesettingsarestoredwiththeEndNoteprogramspreferencesbecause t heyapplytoformattingpaperswithCiteWhileYou WriteforMicrosoft W ord,CiteWhileYouWrite f orOpenOffice.orgWriter,andFormatPaperforRTFfiles. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWrite P references EndNotePreferences FieldCodes Shortcuts t oMakeUsingEndNoteEasier

Showing W ordProcessorCodes

OpenOffice.org Writer CWYW Preferences

General Preferences (OpenOffice.org Writer)
Generalpreferencesareusefulwhenyoualways useyourEndNotelibrary a longwithyourwordprocessor,andyoualwaysuse yourwordprocessor alongwithyourEndNotelibrary. ToaccessGeneralpreferencesinOpenOffice.orgWriter,gototheEndNote m enuandselectCiteWhileYouWritePreferences. Open EndNote When Starting OpenOffice.org Writer Selectthisitemtoalways openEndNotewhenyoustartOpenOffice.org W riter. Close EndNote When Leaving OpenOffice.org Writer Selectthisitemtoalways closeEndNotewhenyouleaveOpenOffice.org W riter.ThisworksonlywhentheEndNoteprogram waslaunchedwithone o ftheCiteWhileYouWritecommandsfromwithinOpenOffice.orgWriter o riftheOpenEndNoteWhen StartingWriterpreferenceisselected.

Shortcuts
Shortcuts to Make Using EndNote Easier
Keyboardcommands, s hortcutmenus,context-sensitivemenus, andtoolbars c anstreamlineyourdatabasebuildingandcitation processes. ToaddorchangeCiteWhile Y ouWritekeyboardshortcutsinMicrosoftWord,seeKeyboard S hortcutsinWord. Related Topics: CiteWhileYouWritePreferences EndNotePreferences FieldCodes ShowingWordProcessorCodes

Shortcut Menus
Asaconvenience,EndNoteprovidescontextual(shortcut)menusfor s omeofthemostcommonlyusedfeatures.Shortcutmenus a ppearwhenyouright-click o nsomethingintheEndNoteprogram(suchasareference,agroupname, o ranAuthorfield). Thecontentsofthemenudependonwhereyouclickandwhatoptions a reavailableforthatparticularitem.Onlyasubsetofpossiblecommands aredisplayed.Theseareintendedtorepresentthemostcommonlyused f unctionsfortheselectedtarget.Choosingacommandfrom a shortcut m enuhasexactlythesameresultaschoosingthecommandfromthemain m enuorthetoolbar. Ashortcut m enuappearswhereveryouclick.Itremainsopenuntilyouchooseacommand f romthelist,clickelsewhere,orpress Esc. Shortcut m enusareavailableinatleastthefollowingareas:theReferencewindow,thereferencelistinthe Librarywindow,the GroupspanelintheLibrarywindow,term lists,andManagers(styles,filters,andconnections).

Toolbars
ToolbarsareavailableinEndNotetogiveyouquickaccesstosomeof t hecommonlyusedcommands.

Library Toolbar

Bydefault,thecommandsontheLibrarytoolbarinclude(fromleftto right): Integrated Library & Online Search Mode,Local Library Mode,andOnline Search Mode:Selectoneof t hesedisplay modes.IntegratedModeallowslocallibraryoperationsas w ellasonlinesearches,LocalLibraryModesuppressescommands andgroups f oronlinesearching,andOnlineModedisplaysonlygroupsandcommands f oronlinesearching.

Output Styles menu: T heBibliographicOutputStylemenulistsallthestylesyouhavemarked a sfavoritesintheStyleManager.Italsodisplaystheonethatiscurrently s electedtobeusedforthePreviewpanel,CopyFormatted,printing,and e xporting. Ifyoudonotseethestylethatyouwant i nthismenu,youcanchooseSelectAnotherStylefromthebottomofthe menutopicka newstyle.SeeThe S tyleManager. Copy to Local Library:This c ommandisavailableonlyinOnlineSearchMode.Itcopieshighlighted r eferencestotheactive locallibrary.Referenceswillappearinatemporary C opiedReferencesgroup. New Reference:Thisopensa n ewreferencefordataentry.ItisasthoughyouhadusedtheReferences m enutoselectNewReference. Online Search:Thisallows you t oselectaconnectionfileforanonlinesearch.Itisasthoughyou h adusedtheToolsmenuto selectOnlineSearch. Import:Thisisthesameas t houghyouhadusedtheFilemenutoselectImport. Export:Thisisthesameas t houghyouhadusedtheFilemenutoselectExport. Find Full Text: T hiscommands s earchesonlineforthefull-textarticlefortheselectedreferences.EndNote d ownloadsthefileof thearticleanddisplaysapaperclipinthe P aperClipcolumn. Open Link:Forreferences that c ontainaURL,thiscommandattemptstolaunchyourdefaultbrowserand d isplaytheURLlocation. Open File:Thisisavailable o nlywhentheselectedreferencehasanattachedfile.Thesystemwill attempttolaunchtheassociatedprogramtoopenthefile.Itisasthough y ouhaddouble-clickedonthefileintheWindowsfolder. Insert Citation , F ormat Bibliography ,andReturn to Word Processor:ThesecommandsareavailableonlywhenMicrosoft Word orOpenOffice.orgWriterisrunningandCiteWhileYouWritesupportis i nstalled.IfyouhavebothMicrosoftWordandOpenOffice.orgWriteropen, t hesecommandsareactiveforthewordprocessorthatwaslaunchedfirst. A completeCWYWtoolbaris availablewithinthewordprocessor. SeeCiteWhileYouWriteCommands i nWord,orCiteWhile Y ouWriteCommandsinOpenOffice.orgWriter. Sync: C licktheSync iconinthe t oolbartosynchronizethereferencesinyourEndNotelibrary w iththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeblibrary. Help:ThisbringsuptheEndNote H elpsystem.ItisasthoughyouhadusedtheHelpmenutoselectEndNote X 6Help.

Quick Search text box:Type a singlewordorphraseintothe"QuickSearch"textboxand p ressEntertoquicklysearchthe library. Reference Window Toolbar

ThetoplineoftheReferencetoolbarincludesarrowkeysthatdisplaythe previousornextreferenceinthecurrentreferencelist(in thecurrent s ortorder).ItalsoincludestheReferenceTypemenu,whereyouassign a referencetypetothecurrentreference.A HideEmptyFields/ShowEmpty Fieldsbuttonallowsyoutotogglebetweenshowingandhidingthe e mptyfieldsinareference. Thebottomlineofthe t oolbarincludesthefollowingoptionbuttons: l l l l l l l l FindReferenceUpdates OpenLink OpenFile Spell Check MarkasRead/MarkasUnread AttachFigure FormatBibliography ReturntoWordProcessor

Text Toolbar

ThetexttoolbardisplaysEndNotes t extfontmenu,textsizemenu,andthefontstyles. l l l l l l l l l l FontType FontSize Bold Italics Underline PlainText Superscript Subscript Symbolfont ChangeCase

Related Topics CiteWhileYouWritePreferences EndNotePreferences Shortcuts t oMakeUsing E ndNoteEasier

EndNote Web
Overview of EndNote Web
EndNoteWebisafeaturesetwithinEndNote,WebofKnowledge, a ndResearcherID.Itprovidesarangeofbibliographicmanagement t oolsonthe W eb.YoucanimportandeditreferencesviaapersonalWebaccount,and t hencitethereferencesinpapers andcreatebibliographies. EndNote W ebcansearchWebofKnowledge,PubMed, and hundredsofotheronlinelibrarydatabasestohelpyoubuildapersonal r eferencecollection.Itincludes u niqueintegrationforWebofKnowledgesubscriberswithdynamiclinks t oTimesCitedrecordsandRelatedRecordsgivingyouone-clickaccess t othelatestinformationonareferencearticle. EachEndNoteWeblibrarycanstorethousandsofrecordsandcreate b ibliographies i nover4,500publishing s tyles.OurCite WhileYouWrite f eatureisavailable t oanyoneusingMicrosoftWordtocreate b ibliographies.

Registering with EndNote Web and Activating the Sync Process

YourpurchaseofEndNoteX6entitlesyoutoatwo-yearfree s ubscriptiontoEndNote W ebandtheoptiontosynchronizethereferencesinyourEndNote l ibrarywiththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeblibrarywithout h avingtoexportandimport f iles. YoumustfirstregisterandhaveanactiveEndNoteWebaccountto i nitiate t heSyncprocess.Registrationisfastandeasyand activatesyour t wo-yearEndNote W ebaccount.Whencompleted,EndNoteautomaticallyproceedsw i ththeSyncprocess and updatesyournewEndNoteWeblibrarytomatchthecustom g roupsinyourEndNotelibrary. Note:The Syncprocessincludesgroupsandgroupassociationsbutdoesnot includegroupsets,smartgroups,andgroups withincombination g roups. I Already Have an EndNote Web Account 1. ClicktheSyncbuttonintheLibrary t oolbartogotoanEndNoteWebLogin dialog. 2. Enteryoure-mailaddress. 3. EnteryourEndNoteWebpassword. 4. PressOKtoinitiatetheSyncprocess. SinceyoualreadyhaveanEndNoteWebaccount,EndNotepopulates t hefields ontheSyncPreferencespagewiththee-mail addressand p asswordthatyouenteredontheEndNoteWebLogindialog.Later y oucanchangethedatainthese f ieldsifyou everchangeyoure-mailaddressorpassword. I Do Not Have an EndNote Web Account 1. ClicktheSyncbuttonintheLibrary t oolbartogotoanEndNoteWebLogin dialog. 2. ClicktheSignUpbuttonontheEndNoteWebLogindialogto gotoaUserRegistrationdialog. 3. Enteryoure-mailaddressintheUserRegistrationdialog. R etypeyoure-mail a ddress,andthenclicktheContinuebutton. 4. Enteryourpersonalinformationintherequiredfields onthenextUser R egistrationform.Forexample,enteryourname,a password, atitle,and f illintheremainingfields.

5. ClicktheIAgreebuttontocompletetheregistration p rocessandtobeginsynchronizingyourEndNoteWeb l ibrarywith yourEndNotelibrary. OnceyoucreateyourEndNoteWebaccount, E ndNotepopulatesthefields on t heSync P referencespagewithyoure-mail addressandpasswordthat y ouentered d uringregistration.Lateryoucanchangethedatainthese f ieldsatanytime i fyouchange youre-mailaddressorpassword.

Sync Preferences
SyncPreferencesallowyou t osetyourpreferencessothat: l Youdonothaveto e nter y oure-mailaddressandpasswordeachtimeyousynchronizeyourreferences between E ndNote andEndNoteWeb. l YoucanupdateyourEndNote l ibrarywithyourEndNoteWeblibrarywheneveryouopenorclose y ourdefaultEndNote library. l YoucanhaveEndNoteautomaticallybegintheSyncprocessevery15,30, o r60minutes(ormanuallyifyouprefer). ToaccessSyncPreference,goto t heEditmenu,select Preferences,andthenclickSyncinthelistofpreferences.

Accessing EndNote Web

ToaccessyourEndNoteWebaccount,goto http://www.endnoteweb.comandclickthe E ndNoteWebLoginintheleft-handcolumn. FormoreinformationaboutanEndNoteWebsubscription,contact t heThomsonReuterss alesteam. Related Topics: OverviewoftheSync Process SettingupanEndNoteWebAccount SyncPreferences UnfiledGroups UsingCite W hileYouWritewithEndNoteWeb

Overview of the Sync Process

EndNoteallowsyoutosynchronizethereferencesinyourEndNotelibrary w iththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeblibrary. l EndNote i syourdesktopversionofyourEndNotebibliographicresourcetool. l EndNoteWeb i souronlineWebversionofEndNotedesktop. TheSyncprocessautomaticallysynchronizesbothsetsofreferencesthat r esideingroupsso t hatanexactmatchexistsinboth EndNoteandEndNoteWeb. TheSyncprocessisalways initiatedfromEndNote.ThedatainEndNote a ndEndNoteWebaresynchronizedinbothapplicationswhenyourunSync.Youwill haveidenticalgroupsandreferenceswhenSynccompletesprocessing. TheSyncprocessincludesalldatachangestoreferences(including f ileattachments)duringtheSyncprocesssothateach librarymatches t heother.Forexample,ifyouaddorremovereferencesand/orPDF f ilesinEndNote,thenthosechangesare updatedinEndNoteWeband v ice-versa. TheSyncprocessincludesupdatesandadditionstogroupsinboth l ibraries.Forexample,ifyoucreateandaddreferencestoa newgroup inEndNote, t henyouwillseethisgroupinEndNoteWebthenexttimeyou r untheSyncprocess.

Sync Preferences
SyncPreferencesallowyoutosetyourpreferencessothat: l Youdonothaveto e nter y oure-mailaddressandpasswordeachtimeyousynchronizeyourreferences between E ndNote andEndNoteWeb. l YoucanupdateyourEndNote l ibrarywithyourEndNoteWeblibrarywheneveryouopenorclose y ourdefaultEndNote library. l YoucanhaveEndNoteautomaticallybegintheSyncprocessevery15,30, o r60minutes(ormanuallyifyouprefer). ToaccessSyncPreference,goto t heEditmenu,select Preferences,andthenclickSyncinthelistofpreferences.

Important Points to Know about the Sync Process

l Atwo-yearsubscriptionto E ndNoteWebcomeswiththepurchase o fEndNoteX6.Thefreesubscriptionallowsyouto createanEndNote W eblibraryofupto50,000referencesandupto5GB(gigabytes)of d atainfileattachments. l Syncincludesgroups and g roupassociationsbutdoesnotincludegroupsets,smartgroups, a ndgroupswithincombinationgroups.Thesewillbeaddedin a laterrelease. l SyncwillputgroupswhereagroupsetcannotbeidentifiedinanUnfiledGroupsset.Draganddropthegrouptotheappropriate groupinthedesktoplibrary. l YoucanselectanyEndNotelibrarythatyoucreatedwithEndNote, v ersion8.0orabovetosynchronizewithyourEndNote Weblibrary. l YoucanchangeanEndNotelibraryinSyncPreferencesatany t ime.TheSyncprocessbegins automaticallywhenyou clickOK. l Allfileattachments thatyoutransferredinanearlierversion o fEndNotearereplacedwiththeactualfileattachments. l SyncworkswithonlyonelibraryandoneEndNoteWebaccount. l TransferandSyncusedtogetherwithmixedversionscanresult i nduplicates.UseFindDuplicateswhenthisoccursto removeduplicates l Syncwillidentifytransferredreferencesasduplicates.Use F indDuplicateswhenthisoccurs. l SyncincludesreferencesthathavebeenmovedtotheTrashgroup.IfyouhavereferencesthatweremovedtoTrashinthe desktopversion,thosereferenceswillbemovedtoTrashgroupintheWebversion. l YoucannotsynchronizeanEndNotelibrarywithyourEndNoteWeb l ibrarywhenyouareinOnlineOnlymode. l YoucanalwayscancelaSyncprocessthatiscurrentlyinprogress. H owever,EndNoteprocessesallinformationthathas gonethrough t heSyncprocessuptothecancellationpoint.Ifthereare c onflictsbetweenreferencesinEndNoteandEndNoteWeb,then aSyncConflictsfolderappearsintheGroups panellistingall r ecordconflicts l IfyouhaveaResearcherIDaccount,thenyourMyPublications l istandPublicationLists1and2willbedisplayedin Unfiled G roups.YoucancreateaResearcherIDgroupsetinthedesktop l ibraryanddraganddropthosegroupsintoit. Related Topics: OverviewofEndNoteWeb ResolveSyncConflicts SettingupanEndNoteWebAccount SyncPreferences

UnfiledGroups

Resolve Sync Conflicts Dialog

TheResolveSyncConflictsdialogallowsyoutoresolveconflictsbetween r eferencesinyourEndNotelibraryandyourEndNote Weblibrary. AconflictoccursforareferencewhenyoueditthereferenceinbothEndNoteandinEndNoteWebbetweenSyncs.However, EndNotedoesnotknowwhichoneyouwanttokeep.

Sync Conflicts Group

Thisgroupcontainsallofthe referencesforwhichEndNotehasidentifiedaconflict b etweenanEndNotereferenceandEndNote Web r eference.ThegrouponlyappearsintheGroups panelwhenthereareconflicts. ToresolveSyncconflicts: l Right-clicktheSyncConflictsgroupandselecttheResolve C onflictsoptionfromthecontextualmenu.EndNotedisplays the R esolveSyncConflictsdialog. l SelecttheSyncConflictsgrouptodisplayalistofreferences t hatEndNotehasidentifiedashavingaconflict.Selectone ormore r eferencesfromthelist.Right-clickandselecttheResolve C onflictsoptionfromthecontextualmenu.

Resolving Conflicts
YoucankeepeithertheEndNotereferenceortheEndNoteWebreferencetoresolveaconflict.Theversionofthereferenceyou donotchoosetokeepispermanently deleted l Toresolveaconflictbetweentworeferences,clicktheKeep t hisDesktopRecordbuttonortheKeepthisWebRecordbutton.Once y ouselectarecordtokeep,EndNoteupdatestherecordin b othEndNoteandEndNoteWeb. l Toresolveallconflictsinfavorofthedesktopversionor t heWeb v ersion,selectthe"KeepallfromDesktop"orthe"Keep allfrom W eb"fromthedrop-downmenuatthebottomofthedialog.Onceyouselecteitheroption,EndNoteupdatesthe r ecordsinboth E ndNoteandEndNoteWeb. Youcanalso: l Copyandpasteinformationbetweenthetworecords.Therecordthatyoukeepwillincludealldatacopiedtotherecord. l SkiporCancelaconflict.Allreferencesinconflict,however, r emainintheSyncConflictsautogroupuntiltheyare resolved. Note:Whenyouchoosetokeeparecord, E ndNoteimmediatelysendsallthedatatoEndNoteWeb.Ifyourconnection t o E ndNoteWebfails,the p rocessendsandthedialogcloses.However,anydataalreadysent t oEndNoteWebisprocessed.

Did You Know ...

l WhenyoucreateanewgroupinEndNoteorEndNoteWeb,thenewgroupisaddedtotheotherlibrarywhenyourunSync. l Whenyouchangeagroupsnameinbothlibraries,EndNoteusesthemostrecentlychangednamesonoconflictoccurs whenyourunSync. l Whenyoudeleteagroup,thereisnoconflict.EndNoteremovesthegroupandmovesthereferencestotheUnfiledGroups folder. l Ifyoudeleteagroupinoneapplicationandrenamethesamegroupintheotherapplication,EndNotedeletesthegroup

whenyourunSync.DeleteoverrulesRename. l Whenyoumoveareferencefromonegrouptoanothergroup,thenaSyncconflictmayoccur.Ifyoumoveareferencefrom GroupAtoGroupBinEndNoteandinEndNoteWebyoumovethesamereferencetoGroupC,thenthenexttimeyourun Syncthereferencewillbeinconflict. Related Topics: Overview o fEndNoteWeb OverviewoftheSyncProcess SyncPreferences UnfiledGroups

Setting up an EndNote Web Account

YourpurchaseofEndNoteX6entitlesyoutoatwo-yearfreesubscriptiontoEndNoteWebouronlineversionofEndNotedesktop. YourEndNoteWebsubscriptionisvalidfortwoyearsfromthedateafteryou r egisterandactivateyouraccount. YoumaysetupanEndNoteWebaccountforeachvalidEndNote i nstallationoneaccountforeachuniqueEndNoteserial number. F orinstitutionswithasitelicense,thesiteserialnumber a llowedtheappropriatenumberofEndNoteWebaccounts.

Registration and Activation of the Sync Process

TheSyncprocessallowsyoutosynchronizethereferencesinyourEndNotelibrary w iththereferencesinyourEndNoteWeb library.YoumustfirstsetupanEndNoteWebaccountto a ctivatetheSyncprocess. TherearetwomethodsforsettingupanEndNote W ebaccount. l InEndNote,fromthemainLibrarywindow,clicktheSyncbuttonthatappearsinthetoolbartoopenanEndNoteWebLogin dialog.ClicktheSignUpbuttontobegintheregistrationandactivationprocess.Followtheonlineinstructions. l InEndNote,gototheEditmenuandselectPreferences>SyncPreferences.ClicktheEnableSyncbuttontogotothe EndNoteWebLogindialog.ClicktheSignUpbuttontobegintheregistrationandactivationprocess.Followtheonline instructions. Related Topics: Overviewof E ndNoteWeb OverviewoftheSyncProcess SyncPreferences UnfiledGroups UsingCiteWhileYouWritewithEndNoteWeb

Unfiled Groups
IfduringtheSyncprocess,EndNotereceivesagroupfromEndNoteWebthatdoesnot b elongtoanygroupsetinEndNote,then thesystemautomaticallyadds t hegrouptoanUnfiledGroupfolder. Youshouldmoveallgroups fromtheUnfiledGroups foldertoan e xistinggroupset i nEndNote. I fanappropriategroupsetdoes notcurrentlyexist,thenyoushould c reateone.EndNoteremovestheUnfiledGroupsfolderfromthe Groupspanelwhenyou moveallunfiledgroupstoagroupset. Note: B eginningwithEndNoteX3,youcancreate g roupsetstoorganizeyourEndNotelibrary.EndNoteWebdoesnot h ave groupsets.WhenyouruntheSyncprocess,conflictswillarise a ndEndNotewillmovethese c onflictstotheUnfiledGroupsset.

ResearcherID Groups
IfyouarememberofResearcherID,thenthegroups namedMyPublicationList,PublicationList1,andPublicationList2will appearinUnfiledGroupsfolderfollowingtheSyncprocess.WerecommendthatyoucreateagroupsetnamedResearcherIDand movethesethreegroupsintothegroupset.Notethatanychanges(ordeletions)thatyoumaketothereferencesinthese ResearcherIDgroupswillbesenttoEndNoteWebuponthenextSyncandwillalsobeseenatResearcherID.com. Related Topics: OverviewoftheSync Process ResolveSyncConflictsDialog SyncPreferences

Using Cite While You Write with EndNote Web

YoucanuseCiteWhileYouWritewitheitherEndNoteX6orEndNote W eb. Important Points about Cite While You Write and EndNote Web l CiteWhileYouWritesupportisincluded f orbothEndNoteandEndNoteWeb.However,youcannotusethisfeaturesimultaneouslywithbothapplications. l Youcaninsertreferences f romyourpersonalEndNoteWeblibrary.Youcannot,however,useCiteWhileYouWriteto insertreferencesinfolderssharedbyotherEndNoteWebusers. l SomeCiteWhileYouWritefunctions m aynotbeactiveforEndNoteWeb. Forgeneralinformation a bouthowtoCiteWhileYouWrite, s eeOverview o ftheCiteWhileYouWriteProcessandHow t oCite WhileYouWrite. Selecting the EndNote or EndNote Web Application ToselecttheEndNoteorEndNoteWebapplicationforCiteWhileYouWrite: 1. Word 2003:InWord,gototheToolsmenu,selectEndNote X 6or E ndNoteWeb,andthenselectCiteWhileYouWrite Preferences. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNoteX6tab,intheToolsgroup,clickPreferences. 2. ClickontheApplicationtab. 3. Selecttheappropriateapplication. EndNote i syourdesktopversionofEndNoteX6. EndNote Web i stheonlineWebversionofEndNote.X6Enteryoursubscriptiondetails, w hichincludestheEndNoteWebURL,youre-mailaddress,andyourpassword. The EndNote Toolbar Word 2003: A nEndNotetoolbarisavailableinMicrosoftWordwhether y ouareusingEndNoteorEndNoteWeb.Thetitleofthe toolbarwill i ndicateeitherEndNoteX6 ( thedesktopapplication)orEndNoteWeb. Word 2007 and 2010: T heEndNotetabwillindicateeitherEndNoteX6orEndNoteWeb. Related Topics:

ApplicationsPreferences Overviewof E ndNoteWeb OverviewoftheSyncProcess Setting U panEndNoteWebAccount

Windows Installations
Program Requirements
BoththefullEndNoteprogramandtheEndNoteDemoareavailableon C Dorbydownloading.IfyouhaveaCDyouneedaCDROMdrivetoinstall t heprogram.

System Requirements
EndNoterunsunderthefollowingoperatingsystems: l Windows7(32-or64-bitversions) l WindowsVista(32-or64-bitversions) l WindowsXPwithatleastServicePack3installed

Hardware Requirements
l 450-MHzorfasterprocessor l Aminimumof256MBofavailableRAM l Aharddrivewithatleast400MBoffreespace l AnInternetconnectionisrequiredinorder t ouseEndNotesOnlineSearchfeatureforsearchingonlinedatabases, t heFind FullTextfeature,andEndNoteWeb.TousetheOpenLinkcommand t oaccessaWebsite,youalsoneedaWebbrowser installed. l Unicodecompliant Makesurethatyourcomputermeetsthesystemandhardwarerequirements b eforecontinuing.Ifnecessary,contactthedistributor,dealer,orstore w hereyoupurchasedEndNotetoarrangeforafullrefund.Ifyouhave a nyproblemobtainingarefund,contactThomsonReutersdirectly.You m ustdosowithin30daysofpurchase.

Word Processor Compatibility

AsofJune2010,EndNoteforWindowsiscompatiblewith: l MicrosoftOfficeWord2003,2007,and2010(32- o r64-bitsupport)forWindows l OpenDocumentFormat(ODT)documentscreated w ithOpenOffice.orgWriter3.x l RTFfilescreatedwithmostwordprocessors, including:MicrosoftWord,WordPerfect,OpenOffice.orgWriter,StarOffice, andWordPad l WolframMathematica8

Automatically Updating Files

YoucanautomaticallyupdateEndNoteX6whenincrementalprogramenhancements a reavailable. ToupdateyourcopyoftheEndNoteprogram: 1. OpenaconnectiontotheInternet. 2. FromtheHelpmenu,select:

l EndNoteProgramUpdatestolaunch a wizard.Thewizardchecksforanupdate,letsyouknowwhetheran u pdateisavailable,andthendownloadsthefile(s)andappliesthe u pdatetoyourEndNoteinstallation. l WebStyles Findertodirectyour b rowsertoanEndNotewebpagewhereyoucandownloadfromthefull c ollectionofoutputstyles. Note:Youalso havetheoptiontodownloadthelatestcontentfilesatanytimefrom ourWebsiteathttp://www.endnote.com. Wecontinuallyupdateoutputstyles, f ilters,andconnectionfiles.

Custom Installations / Adding Content Files

AlthoughwerecommendthatyouusetheTypicalinstallationoptionto installEndNote,theCustominstallationoptioncanbeusefulifyouare lowondiskspace,orifyouneedtoreinstallonlycertainEndNotecomponents, ofifyouwouldliketoaddadditional contentfiles(outputstyles,import f ilters,and/orconnectionfiles). Toperformanewcustominstallation: 1. FollowtheinstructionsforinstallingEndNote X 6. 2. OntheSelectInstallationTypedialog,select C ustom. 3. WhenyougettotheSelectFeaturesdialog,read t hesectionbelowcalled"SelectingFeatures"todetermine w hatyou wouldliketoselectordeselectforyourinstallation. Note:Iftheinstallerdetectsanothercopyof E ndNote inthedestinationfolder,itgivesyouoptionstoeitherbackuporremove olderfilesduringtheinstallation.Whendoingacustominstall,only s electedcomponentsareaffected.Forexample,ifyouare installingonly t heAnthropologystyles,andyouchoosetoremoveolderfiles,onlythe o lderAnthropologystylesareremoved;no otherpartoftheinstallation i saffected. ToinstallcomponentsafterEndNoteisalreadyinstalled: 1. Logintothemachinewithadministrativerights o rasauserwithprograminstallationprivileges. 2. Dooneofthese: StarttheEndNoteinstallationprogramasyouwouldforanewinstallation. FromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings,and t henselectControlPanel.Then,selectAdd orRemovePrograms.In t helist,clickonEndNoteX6andthenChange. 3. OntheApplicationMaintenancedialog,selectthe ModifyandthenclickNext. 4. WhenyougettotheSelectFeaturesdialog,read t hesectionbelowcalled"SelectingFeatures"todetermine w hatyou wouldliketoselect/deselectforinstallation. Selecting Features Thereareseveralmajorcategoriesofcomponentsthat c anbeinstalledwiththeproduct.Thecomponentsyoucanselectfor installation i nclude: EndNote Application l EndNoteProgram l SampleFiles l EndNoteHelp Word Templates/Add-ins:

l TemplatesforMicrosoftWord l CiteWhileYouWriteforMicrosoftWord Additional Styles:Theseformatsforcreatingbibliographiesaregroupedby t ype. Additional Connections:Thesefiles fordirectlyretrievingreferencesfrom o nlinereferencedatabasesaregroupedby informationserviceprovider. Additional Filters:Thesefiles f orimportingtextfilesofreferencedataaregroupedbyinformation s erviceprovider. Spelling Dictionaries :Thesearedictionariesavailableforthespelling c hecker. Clicktheplussignnexttoeachcategorytodisplayadetailedlist o fitems.Foreachcategoryorsubcategory,clickthetriangle nextto t henametoselectfromtheavailableinstallationoptions.Toinstall a feature,selectoneofthese: l Willbeinstalledonlocalharddrive. l Entirefeaturewillbeinstalledonlocalhard d rive.

Installed Files
ThefullEndNoteinstallationincludesthefollowingdefaultfolders a ndfiles.

Program Folder
C:\Program F iles\EndNoteX6,OR C:\ProgramFiles(x86)\EndNoteX6(64-bit W indowsversions) l EndNote.exeapplication f ile l EndNote.chm h elpfile Youcandouble-clickthefiletoviewit.IntheEndNoteprogram,select E ndNoteX6HelpfromtheHelpmenu. P ressingthe F1key o nyourkeyboardorclickingaHelpor?buttonintheprogram bringsupacontext-sensitivetopic. l EndNoteX6WinHelp.pdfis a compilationofalltheHelptopics intheonlineHelpsystem l Readme.txttext f ilecontainslate-breakingnews l Examplesshortcut f older l Stylesfolder Thisfoldercontainsbibliographicstyles forformattingcitations a ndabibliography.ATypicalinstallationincludesonly t he mostpopularstyles.WithaCustominstallation,youcan c hoosefromafullcollectionofover4,500bibliographic s tyles. l Connections f older Thisfoldercontainsconnectionfilestoconnecttoandsearchonline bibliographicdatabases.ATypicalinstallation includesonly t hemostpopularfiles.WithaCustominstallation,youcanchoose f romacollectionofthousands. l Filtersfolder Thisfoldercontainsimportfiltersforimportingtextfilesdownloaded f romonlinebibliographicdatabases.ATypical

installationincludes o nlythemostpopularfilters.WithaCustominstallation, y oucanchoosefromacollectionofhundreds. l TermsListsfolder Thisfoldercontainsjournalabbreviationtermlists.Theselistscontain t housandsofjournalnamesandstandardabbreviations.Importalist i ntoyourlibrarysJournalstermlisttousetheabbreviationsin y ourbibliographies. l Spellfolder ThisfoldercontainsspellcheckdictionariesfortheEndNotespell c hecker. l Templatesfolder ThisfoldercontainsMicrosoftWordtemplatestoquicklysetupyour p apers forelectronicsubmissiontopublishers. l Variousadditionalfoldersandfilesareinstalled t osupporttheEndNoteprogramandtointegrateEndNotewithother s oftwareprograms.

Shared Folder
OpentheSharedDocumentsorPublicDocumentsfolderinWindowsExplorer t ofindtheEndNotefolderlocatedat: Windows 7: \Users\Public\Public D ocuments\EndNote Windows XP :Documents a ndSettings\AllUsers\SharedDocuments\EndNote Windows Vista:C:\Users\Public\Public D ocuments\EndNote l Examplesfolder Thisfoldercontainsasamplelibraryandothersampledocumentsand g raphicstousewhilelearningEndNote. l YoumaywanttousethesharedEndNotefolder t ostoreyourlibraries,sothattheyareavailabletoalluserson y ourcomputer.

Personal Folder
OpentheMyDocumentsorDocumentsfolderinWindowsExplorertofind t heEndNotefolderlocatedat: Windows 7: C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote Windows XP :C:\Documents a ndSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote Windows Vista:C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote Thesefoldersarecreatedwhenyoucreateormodifyafile: l Stylesfolder c ontainsnewormodifiedbibliographicstyles l Connections f oldercontainsnewormodifiedconnectionfiles l Filtersfolder c ontainsnewormodifiedimportfilters Whiletheprogramfoldercontainsthedefaultstyles,connectionfiles, a ndfilters,yourpersonalEndNotefoldercontainsthose filesthatyou havecreatedormodified.Thispreventschangestotheoriginalfiles, a ndassuresthatyouwillnotinadvertently deleteacustomizedfilewhen y ouremoveorupgradetheEndNoteprogram.Italsoallowsyoutomake c hangestofileseven thoughyoumaynothaveadministratoraccessto m odifyfilesintheProgramFilesfolder.EndNotedisplaysasinglelist o fthe

filesfoundinbothlocations.Ifafileofthesamenameappears inbothlocations,EndNotewilldisplayonlythefilefoundinyour personal f older. Youcanchangeyourpersonalfolderlocations.SeeFolder L ocationsPreferencesformoreinformation.

Preferences Folder
Dependingonyoursettings,thesefoldersmaybehiddenfromviewin W indowsExplorer. Windows 7: C :\Users\[UserName]\App D ata\Roaming\EndNote Windows XP :C:\Documents a ndSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote Windows Vista:C:\Users\[UserName]\App D ata\Roaming\EndNote WhilemanyEndNotepreferencesarestoredintheWindowsregistry,some a restoredinyourpersonalpreferencesfolder.Itcontainstheconnect.logfilethatrecordsyourlatestonline s earch,theRefTypeTable.xmlfile t hatstoresyourreferencetypepreferences,savedsearchstrategies, a ndvariousothersettings.

Installing Additional Connection Files

TheEndNoteteamhasdevelopedthousandsofdifferentconnectionfiles. B ecauseinstallingallofthesefilesmayslowperformance,atypical E ndNoteinstallationincludesonlythemostpopularconnectionfiles. Youcaninstallsetsofconnectionfiles byproviderwiththeEndNote i nstaller,oryoucandownloadindividualconnectionfilesfromtheEndNote w ebsite.

Using the EndNote Installer to Install Additional Connection Files

First,makesureEndNoteisclosedandnotrunning.Youcanrunthe E ndNoteinstallationprogramagain,choosetheoptionto Modifytheinstallation, a ndthenselectsetsofconnectionfilestoinstall. Toinstallsetsofconnectionfiles: 1. Logintothemachinewithadministrativerights o rasauserwithprograminstallationprivileges. 2. Dooneofthese: StarttheEndNoteinstallationprogramasyouwouldforanewinstallation. Or,fromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings a ndthenControlPanel.Then,selectAddor RemovePrograms.Inthe l ist,clickonEndNoteX6 a ndthenChange. 3. OntheApplicationMaintenancedialog,select t heModifyoptionandclickNext. 4. OntheSelectFeaturesdialog,clicktheplus s ign(+)nexttoAdditionalConnections. 5. Foreachsetofconnectionfilesyouwouldlike t oinstall,clickthetriangleandselecteither"Willbeinstalled o nlocalhard drive"or"Entirefeaturewillbeinstalled o nlocalharddrive." 6. ClickNexttocontinuewiththeinstallation. ThefilterswillbecopiedtotheEndNoteConnectionsfolder,which i stypicallyProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections.

Finding Individual Connection Files on the EndNote Web Site

YoucanusetheConnectionManagerinEndNotetofindanddownloadindividual f ilterfiles. Todownloadindividualconnectionfiles:

1. FromtheEditmenuinEndNote,selectConnection F iles,andthenselectOpenConnectionManager. 2. ClickGetMoreontheWebtostartyourdefault b rowserandgototheappropriatepageontheEndNotewebsite. 3. ClickAccepttoaccepttheTermsofUse. 4. Browsethroughanalphabeticallistingoftheavailable c onnectionfiles,andDownloadthosefilesyouwanttoinstall. 5. CopythedownloadedfilestoyourConnections folder, w hichistypicallylocatedatProgramFiles\EndNote X 6\Styles.

Installing Additional Filters

TheEndNoteteamhasdevelopedhundredsofdifferentfilterfiles.Because installingallofthesefilesmayslowperformance,a typicalEndNote i nstallationincludesonlythemostpopularfilters.Youcaninstallsets offiltersbyproviderwiththeEndNote installer,oryoucandownload individualfiltersfromtheEndNoteWebsite.

Using the EndNote Installer to Install Additional Filters

First,makesureEndNoteisclosedandnotrunning.Youcanrunthe E ndNoteinstallationprogramagain,choosetheoptionto Modifytheinstallation, a ndthenselectsetsoffilterstoinstall. Toinstallsetsoffilters: 1. Logintothemachinewithadministrativerights o rasauserwithprograminstallationprivileges. 2. Dooneofthese: StarttheEndNoteinstallationprogramasyouwouldforanewinstallation. Or,fromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings, andthenselectControlPanel.Then,select AddorRemovePrograms. I nthelist,clickonEndNoteX6andthenChange. 3. OntheApplicationMaintenancedialog,select t heModifyoptionandclickNext. 4. OntheSelectFeaturesdialog,clicktheplus s ign(+)nexttoAdditionalFilters. 5. Foreachsetoffiltersyouwouldliketoinstall, c lickthetriangleandselecteither"Willbeinstalledonlocal h arddrive"or "Entirefeaturewillbeinstalledonlocal h arddrive." 6. ClickNexttocontinuewiththeinstallation. ThefilterswillbecopiedtotheEndNoteFiltersfolder,whichistypically P rogramFiles\EndNoteX6\Filters.

Finding Individual Filters on the EndNote Web Site

YoucanusetheFilterManagerinEndNotetofindanddownloadindividual f ilterfiles. Todownloadindividualfilters: 1. FromtheEditmenuinEndNote,selectImportFilters, a ndthenselectOpenFilterManager. 2. Click"GetMoreontheWeb"tostart y ourdefaultbrowserandgototheappropriatepageontheEndNote w ebsite. 3. ClickAccepttoaccepttheTermsofUse. 4. Browsethroughanalphabeticallistingoftheavailable f ilterfilesandDownloadthosefilesyouwanttoinstall. 5. CopythedownloadedfilestoyourFiltersfolder, w hichistypicallylocatedatProgramFiles\EndNote X 6\Filters.

Installing Additional Output Styles

TheEndNoteteamhasdevelopedover4,500different o utputstyles.Becauseinstallingallofthesestylescanslowperformance, atypicalEndNoteinstallationincludesonlythemostpopularstyles. Youcaninstallsetsofstyles bydisciplinewiththeEndNote installer ,oryoucandownloadindividualstylesfromtheEndNoteWebsite.

Using the EndNote Installer to Install Additional Output Styles

First,makesureEndNoteisclosedandnotrunning.Youcanrunthe E ndNoteinstallationprogramagain,selecttheoptiontoModifytheinstallation, a ndthenselectsetsofoutputstylestoinstall. Toinstallsetsofoutputstyles: 1. Logintothemachinewithadministrativerights o rasauserwithprograminstallationprivileges. 2. Dooneofthese: StarttheEndNoteinstallationprogramasyouwouldforanewinstallation. Or,fromtheWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings a ndthenControlPanel.Then,selectAddor RemovePrograms.Inthe l ist,clickEndNoteX6andthenChange. 3. OntheApplicationMaintenancedialog,select t heModifyoptionandclickNext. 4. OntheSelectFeaturesdialog,clicktheplus s ign(+)nexttoAdditionalStyles. 5. Foreachsetofstylesyouwouldliketoinstall, c lickthetriangleandselecteither"Willbeinstalledonlocal harddrive"or "Entirefeaturewillbeinstalledonlocal h arddrive." 6. ClickNexttocontinuewiththeinstallation. Thestyles willbecopiedtotheEndNoteStylesfolder,whichistypically ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Styles,and t henewfileswill beavailableforusethenexttimeyoustartEndNote.

Finding Individual Output Styles on the EndNote Web Site

YoucanusetheStyleManagerinEndNotetofindanddownloadindividual o utputstyles. Todownloadindividualoutputstyles: 1. FromtheEditmenuinEndNote,selectOutputStyles a ndthenOpenStyleManager. 2. ClickGetMoreontheWebtostartyourdefault b rowserandgototheappropriatepageontheEndNoteWebsite. Note: A notherwaytodirectyourbrowsertothiswebpageistoselectWebStyles F inderfromtheHelpmenu. 3. ClickAccepttoaccepttheTermsofUse. 4. Browsethroughanalphabeticallistingoftheavailable outputstyles,andDownloadthosefilesyouwanttoinstall. 5. CopythedownloadedfilestoyourStyles folder, w hichistypicallylocatedatProgramFiles\EndNote X 6\Styles,ortoyour personalStyles folder(seeFolder L ocationsPreferences). 6. IfEndNoteisstillopen,pleaseExittheprogram andthenrestartEndNotetoreadintheaddedoutputstyles. Thestyles willnowbeavailableinEndNotetoselectforformatting.

Uninstalling the EndNote Program

TouninstallEndNote: 1. Log i ntothemachinewithadministrativerightsorasauserwithprogram installationprivileges. 2. From t heWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings, a ndthenselectControlPanel. 3. Select A ddorRemovePrograms. 4. In t helistofcurrentlyinstalledprograms,selectEndNote. 5. ClicktheRemovebutton. Or,youcanuninstallbyusingtheEndNoteinstallationprogram: 1. Logintothemachinewithadministrativerights o rasauserwithprograminstallationprivileges. 2. FromyourEndNoteCD,runSetup.exe. 3. OntheApplicationMaintenancedialog,selectRemove,and t henclickNext. 4. ClickNextagaintobeginremovingEndNote. Theuninstallprocedureremovesonlyfiles,groups,andicons i nstalled b ytheEndNoteinstallerthelasttimeitwasrun.Forexample,if y ouusedtheinstallersCustominstallationoptiontoreinstall o nlystylefiles,theUninstallprogramremovesonlystyle files. ToremoveanymodifiedEndNotefilesthatremain: WepurposelydonotremoveanyEndNotelibrariesorcustomizedfiles. YoucanmanuallydeletethesefileswithWindows Explorer.Onceyouare s ureyoudonotwanttosaveanyofthefilescontainedinthefollowing f olders,youcandeletethem: Windows XP C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6 C:\DocumentsandSettings\AllUsers\SharedDocuments\EndNote C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote Windows Vista C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6 C:\Users\Public\PublicDocuments\EndNote C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote Windows 7 C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6 C:\Users\Public\PublicDocuments\EndNote C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote Note: Ifyouareusinga64-bitversionofWindows, y ourEndNoteprogramfolderwillbe:C:\ProgramFiles(x86)\EndNoteX6.

Networks and Volume Installations

Using Libraries on a Network
ThevolumeeditionofEndNoteislicensed f oraparticularnumberofusers;youcaninstallEndNotelocallyfor e achofthe licensedusers.Userscanaccessacommonlibraryonaserver o rtheirownpersonallibrary.

Multi- Platform Networks

EndNotelibraries(databases)aredirectlycompatibleacross Windows a ndMacintoshplatformsanddonotrequireanyspecial conversionprocedures ( seeTransferring_Libraries_Across_Platforms). B ecauseofthis,EndNotecanbeusedinamixedplatformnetworkenvironment v eryeasily.WehavesuccessfullytestedEndNotelibrariesonmixedplatformAppleShareandWindowsnetworks,andPC-specificnetworksincludingWindowsforWorkgroups.

Multi-User Library Access

EventhoughEndNotecanbeusedacrossanetwork,itwasnotdesigned w ithspecificnetworkingcapabilitiesinmind.EndNote doesnotperform r ecordlockingfunctionsthatwouldallowmultipleuserstoeditonelibrary a tthesametime.However,multiple userscanaccessoneEndNotelibrary s imultaneouslyaslongasthelibraryisrestrictedtoread-only o rlockedstatus.Thiswill allowtheusertoperformsearches, c opyinformationtotheirdocuments,andformattheirpapers.UseWindows E xplorerto changethePropertiesofyourEndNotelibrary; s electtheRead-Onlyattributeforthe.ENL f ileandthe.DATAfolder. ThesimplestwaytosetupanEndNotelibraryforsharednetworkaccess i stousethenetworkssystemoffilepermissionsto controlthetype o faccess allowedforusersandgroups.Oneortwopeopleshouldbeassigned t heresponsibilityformaintaining andupdatingthelibrary;theseusers s houldbegrantedfullaccesstothelibrary.ENLfileand.DATAfolder.Allotherusersshould begrantedread-only a ccess.

Special Issues in Network Environments

EndNotedoesnotperformrecordlocking,butitdoesrequirefilelocking.SomeWindowsnetworkclientprograms(forexample, NFSclientsusedtoconnecttoUNIXservers)donotfullysupporttheseprotocols.Filelockingisanoptionalcomponentinsome implementationsofNFS(LockD).Inaddition,somenetworkfilesystemsimplementacompatibilitymodethatmaypreventfile lockingfromworkingproperly.NetworkclientsotherthanthoseprovidedbyMicrosoftshouldbetestedtoensurethatfilelocking isenabled. EndNoteassumesamaximumfilenamelengthbasedonthecapabilities o ftheoperatingsystemonwhichitisrunning;under Windows,errors m ayoccurifEndNoteattemptstostorealongfilenameonaserverthat d oesnotsupportlongfilenames. Note:Theenvironment i nwhichEndNotewillbeused,mustsupportlongfile n ames. Related Topics: CustomSettings ( Networks) Licensing ofVolumeCopies

Custom Settings
EndNoteallowsyoutocustomizemanyareasoftheprogramtosuityour n eeds.Mostsettingsaresavedforeachuser.

General Preferences
MostgeneralpreferencesarestoredintheWindows R egistry.Forexample,thisincludesmanyEndNotePreferences, s ubjectbibliographysettings,andCiteWhileYouWritesettings.

Reference Types
Ifyouplantoshareyourlibrarieswithotherusers,youmaywantto limituseofnewandmodifiedreferencetypes. l Changesmadetothereferencetypes tableapply t oalllibrariesopenedonthatcomputerfromthecurrentuseraccount. l Ifyourlibraryisopenedfromadifferentcomputer, y ourreferenceswillfollow thelayoutofthereferencetypestable f orthat computeranduser. Ifyoucreateacustomreferencetypeormodifyareferencetypefor r ecordsinyourEndNotelibrary,youshouldmakesurethat thereference t ypeisalsocreatedormodifiedonothercomputersthatwillaccessthe l ibrary.SeeSharing Y ourReferenceType Table.

Saved Searches
Searchstrategyfilesare s avedbydefaultinyourfolder: Windows XP :C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\ApplicationData\EndNote\Searches Windows Vista and Windows 7:C:\Users\[UserName]\AppData\Roaming\EndNote\Searches Youmaysavethemelsewhere i fyouprefer,butEndNotewillopentothisSearchesfolderwhenyou c hoosetoLoadasaved search.EndNotesearchfilesuse.ENQasthefilenameextension.

Cite While You Write

CiteWhileYouWritecodesaredirectlycompatiblebetweenWord2003, 2 007,2010.Becausereferencedataiskeptwitheach formatted c itation,youcancollaboratewithotherauthorsonapaperwithouteach a uthorhavingthesamelibrary. Related Topics: Configuring E ndNote Licensing ofVolumeCopies Using L ibrariesonaNetwork

About Volume Installations

ThevolumeeditionofEndNoteislicensed f oraparticularnumberofusers;youcaninstallEndNotelocallyfor e achofthe licensedusers.Userscanaccessacommonlibraryonaserver o rtheirownpersonallibraries. Forvolumeinstallations,youmustfirstunlocktheinstallerasdescribed inUnlockingtheVolume/Site L icenseInstaller,andthen distributeandinstalltheprogramusing oneofthemethodsdescribedinAbout M assProgramInstallations.

Networks and Volume Installations (Licensing of Volume Copies)

ThomsonReutersexpectsthatnetworkadministratorswilltakeappropriate s tepstomaintaincompliancewiththesoftware license.Thelicenseagreement (LicenseAgreement.txt)canbefound a ttherootoftheEndNoteinstallationCD.Youcanpurchaseasingle ormulti-userlicense:

Single User License

AsingleEndNoteproductpurchaseislicensedtoanindividual,and i snottobeshared.

Workstation License
AnEndNoteworkstationlicenseallowseachpersontoinstallEndNote i ndividually,justlikeasinglepurchase.Workstation licensesaretypically s oldas5-userpacks,andyoucanpurchaseadditionalpacksasneeded.

Volume/Site License
AnEndNotevolume/sitelicenseallowsmultipleusers.EndNotecanbe i nstalledonindividualPCsusingmassinstallation ( upto thenumberofusersindicatedinthelicenseagreement),oryoucaninstallEndNoteonasharednetworkforsimultaneoususe. Note:Whilewe d onotprovideaconcurrentmeteringutility,itispossibletousethird p artysoftwaretomonitorconcurrentuseof EndNote.Werecommendthat y ouuseSofTrackTM, w hichisavailableforpurchaseatdiscountedpricingdirectlyfromThomson R euters.GotoIntegrity S oftwareformoreinformationaboutthisproduct. See Also:CustomSettings ( Networks)

Unlocking the Volume/Site License Installer

TheVolume/Sitelicenseinstallerusesasingleproductkeyformultiple u sers.Toautomaticallyincludethekeyforyourlicensed users,youmust u nlocktheinstaller.Thisproducesanewinstallerfile,alongwitha v alidatinglicense.datfile. Note:Thisinformation a ppliesonlytotheVolume/Sitelicenseinstaller,anddoesnotapply t oanyotherEndNotelicenses. Tounlockthevolume/sitelicenseinstallerwithAutorun: 1. InserttheEndNoteX6 i nstallationCD. TheEndNoteSetupprogramwillstart.IfyoudonothaveAutoplayenabled,viewthefilesontheCDandlaunchAutorun.exe. 2. SelectInstallVolumeLicensefromthelist. 3. Whenprompted,enteryourEndNotevolumelicense p roductkey. Donotselecttheoptiontitled"PerformAdministrativeInstallation." Whentheinstallationiscomplete,youwillfindanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.datfileinthetargetfolder.These f iles mustbothbepresentinthesamefoldertoinstalltheEndNote p rogramaseitherasasharedprogram,ortodistributefor massprogram i nstallations. Or,tounlockthevolume/sitelicenseinstallerwiththecommandline: 1. OpenanMS-DOScommandline. Windows XP :FromtheStartmenu, s electRun,typeCMDandclickOK. Windows Vista:GototheStartmenu.Inthesearchbox, t ypeCMDandpressEnter. Windows 7:GototheStartmenu.Inthesearchbox,typeCMDandpressEnter. 2. UsetheChangeDirectorycommand(CD)togoto t helocationwheretheENX6 I nst.msifileislocated.TheEndNoteinstallationCDislikelyin t heDdrive,andtheENX6 I nst.msifileislocatedintheMSIfolder.Togotothislocation o nthecommandline,type: CDD:\MSI Ifyourcomputerusesadifferentdriveletterfortheinstallation C D,ortheMSIfileisinanotherlocation,useCDwiththe

appropriate p athtogotothatlocation. 3. Next,runtheinstallerinAdmin m odebyenteringthecommand: 4. Whenprompted,enteryourEndNotevolumelicense p roductkey. Donotselecttheoptiontitled,"PerformAdministrativeInstallation." Whentheinstallationiscomplete,youwillfindanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.datfileinthetargetfolder.These f iles mustbothbepresentinthesamefoldertoinstalltheEndNote p rogram.SeeAbout M assProgramInstallations. Related Topics Custom S ettings Licensing ofVolumeCopies

About Mass Program Installations

Withthevolume/sitelicenseversionofEndNote,anetworkadministrator c anusemassinstallationtoinstallEndNoteonmultiple machines. Pleasemakesurethatyoumeettheserequirementsbeforeinstalling: l MakesureEndNoteislicensed f ortheappropriatenumberofusers. l MakesurethateachcomputerisrunningWindows X PwithServicePack3,WindowsVista,or W indows7.EndNotewill notrununderearlierversions. TheproductCDincludesanENX6 I nst.msifileinanMSIfolder.InAdministrativeMode,theEndNote i nstallerwillpromptfora volumeproductkey,whichgeneratesalicense.datfile.Thelicense.datfilemustaccompanytheinstallerforvolumelicensedistributioninordertolaterbypasstheproductkeyinstallationprompt.SeeUnlockingtheVolume/SiteLicenseInstaller. You can deploy the EndNote installer to multiple machines in one of these ways: l EasyDeployment l Deploying t heEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy l Scripted P rogramInstallations YoucanusetheprovidedMSI C ommandLineOptionsforguidance.Ifyouneedadditionalinformation, refertoMicrosofts mass installationdocumentationandcommandline d ocumentation,orhttp://www.microsoft.com.

What you need to know about installing content files:

PreviousversionsofEndNotealwaysinstalledallpredefinedcontent f iles(outputstyles,importfilters,andconnectionfiles). Thesenumber i nthethousands,andwhentheyareallinstalledtheycanaffectthe s peedandperformanceofEndNote.InEndNoteX6 , atypicalinstallationincludesonlythemostpopularstyles,filters, a ndconnectionfiles.Ifyoudonotknowwhatsubset offilesarerequired b yyourusers,youmaywanttoinstallallfiles.Youcandothisbysetting t heproperty"INSTALLALLCONTENTFILES"to"yes".See I nstallingAllContentFiles. Related Topics ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings

DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Easy Deployment
Withthevolume/sitelicenseversionofEndNote,anetworkadministrator c anusemassinstallationtoinstallEndNoteonmultiple machines. Recommended easy installation: 1. First,unlocktheinstallertogenerateanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.dat f ile.SeeUnlocking t heVolume/SiteLicense Installer. 2. DeployENX6 I nst.msiandlicense.dattogether. Youcandeploy inanywayyouwant,butmakesurethetwofilesare i nthesamedirectorywhenexecuted.Youcouldzip thetwofilesto d istributethemtoendusers,youcouldcreateaGroupPolicydeployment w herebothfilesaredeliveredto thesamelocationonthetarget m achine,oryoucouldsimply dropthetwofilesinasharednetwork locationfromwhich usersexecutetheinstaller. 3. (Optional)Foreachuseraccount,youcan c onfigureEndNoteasthedefaultcitationmanagerinWord2007.See C onfiguringEndNote(Word2007). Using the volume installer to install on an individual computer: 1. First,unlocktheinstallertogenerateanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.dat f ile.SeeUnlocking t heVolume/SiteLicense Installer. 2. DistributeboththeENX6 I nst.msiandlicense.datfiletotheuser.Forexample,youcancopy t hemtoasharednetwork driveoraCD. 3. Theusershouldthencopythetwofiles,ENX6Inst.msiandlicense.dattothe s amefolderonhis/herindividualcomputer. 4. Theusershouldlogontothecomputerwithadministrative r ights,andthenrunENX6 I nst.msitoinstalltheEndNoteprogram.(DonotruninAdminmodethistime.) 5. (Optional)Foreachuseraccount,youcan c onfigureEndNoteasthedefaultcitationmanagerinWord2007.See C onfiguringEndNote(Word2007). Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Deploying the EndNote Installer with Group Policy

IfyournetworkisrunningtheWindows2000orWindows2003Serveroperating s ystemandActiveDirectoryServices(ADS),we recommendaGroupPolicy i nstallationforthevolumeversionofEndNote. Before you begin: l MakesureallworkstationsareusingMSI3.0 orlater.Ifneeded,youcandownloadanupdatefromMicrosoft. l MakesurethesharethatEndNoteisbeingdeployed f romispublishedinActiveDirectory. l Makesurethecomputeraccounthaspermission t oaccess totheshare. Note:Thissoftware h asnotbeentestedwiththeWindowsDistributedFilingSystem(DFS) Note:Bydefault, o nlythemostpopularoutputstyles,importfilters,andconnectionfiles a reinstalledwithEndNote.Thisspeeds upperformance.However,ifyou w anttoinstallalloftheavailablecontentfiles(thousands),youcan c reateanewTransform andsettheINSTALLCONTENTFILESpropertyto"yes". S eeInstallingAllContent F iles.

New Installations
TodeployacrossanorganizationwithGroupPolicy: 1. First,unlocktheinstallertogenerateanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.datfile.SeeUnlocking t heVolume/SiteLicense Installer. 2. OpentheGroupPolicyfortheDomainorOrganizational U nit(OU)youwanttomodify. 3. Under"ComputerConfiguration,"expand " SoftwareSettings"andclickSoftwareInstallation. 4. Right-click"SoftwareInstallation"and s electNew>Package. 5. BrowseforthesharefromwhichENX6Inst.msiwillbedeployed.(Make s uretherequiredlicense.datfile isinthesame folder.) 6. IntheDeploySoftwaredialog,youmayselecteither A ssignedorAdvancedifyouwishtomodify theadvancedsettings. SeetheappropriateMicrosofthelpfileforhelponconfiguringthe a dvancedoptions. OncetheGroupPolicyisupdatedandtheclientsarerestarted,EndNote i sinstalleduponboot. 7. (Optional)Foreachuseraccount,youcan c onfigureEndNoteasthedefaultcitationmanagerinWord2007.See C onfiguringEndNote(Word2007).

Upgrade Installations
Toupgradeyourcurrentinstallations: 1. First,unlocktheinstallertogenerateanENX6Inst.msifileandalicense.datfile.SeeUnlocking t heVolume/SiteLicense Installer. 2. OpentheGroupPolicyfortheDomainorOrganizational U nit(OU)youwanttomodify. 3. Under"ComputerConfiguration,"expand " SoftwareSettings"andclickSoftwareInstallation. 4. Right-click"SoftwareInstallation"and s electNew>Package.

5. BrowseforthesharefromwhichENX6Inst.msiwillbedeployed.(Make s uretherequiredlicense.datfile isinthesame folder.) 6. IntheDeploySoftwaredialog,selectAdvanced a ndthenclickontheUpgradetab. OncetheGroupPolicyisupdatedandtheclientsarerestarted,EndNote i sinstalleduponboot. 7. (Optional)Foreachuseraccount,youcan c onfigureEndNoteasthedefaultcitationmanagerinWord2007.See C onfiguringEndNote(Word2007). Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Scripted Program Installations

IfyournetworkisrunningWindowsNT4network o ranon-ADSnetwork,usescriptingformassinstallationsoftheEndNote p rogram.AnENInst.msi f ileisprovidedontheproductCDinanMSIfolder. Toinstallviaacommandline: 1. First, r untheinstallerinAdminmode(/aon t hecommandline): 2. Install E NX6Inst.msifrom t hetargetdirectory.(Makesuretherequiredlicense.dat f ileisinthesamedirectory.)Seethe examplesbelow.Drivelettersareexamplesandvaryaccording t othespecificsystemand/ornetwork.Example: UsetheprovidedMSICommand L ineOptionstableforguidance.Ifyouneedadditionalinformation, r efertoMicrosoftsmass installationdocumentationandcommandline d ocumentation,orhttp://www.microsoft.com. Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

MSI Command Line Options

Option Parameters /I /f

Description
Installs o rconfiguresaproduct. Repairs a product.Thisoptionignoresanypropertyvaluesenteredon t hecommandline. thedefaultargumentlistforthisoptionis "pecms.Thisoptionshares t hesameargumentlist astheREINSTALLMODEproperty. p Reinstalls o nlyiffileismissing. o Reinstallsiffileismissingoranolderversion i sinstalled. e Reinstallsiffileismissingoranequalorolder v ersion isinstalled. d Reinstallsiffileismissingoradifferentversion i sinstalled. cReinstallsiffileismissingorthestoredchecksum d oesnotmatchthecalculatedvalue. Onlyrepairsfilesthathave msidbFileAttributesChecksum intheAttributescolumnofthe Filetable. a Forces a llfilestobereinstalled. u Rewrites a llrequireduser-specificregistryentries. mRewritesallrequiredcomputer-specificregistry e ntries. sOverwrites a llexistingshortcuts. vRuns f romsourceandrecachesthelocal p ackage.Donotusethevreinstalloption for thefirst i nstallationofanapplicationorfeature. Administrative i nstallationoption.Installsaproductonthenetwork. Uninstallsa product. Advertises a product.Thisoptionignoresanypropertyvaluesenteredon thecommand line. u Advertises t othecurrentuser. mAdvertisestoallusersofmachine. g Languageidentifier. tAppliestransformtoadvertisedpackage. Specifies p athtologfile.Flagsindicatewhichinformationtolog. i Status m essages. w Nonfatalwarnings. e Allerrormessages. a Start u pofactions. rAction-specificrecords. u User r equests. cInitialUIparameters mOut-of-memoryorfatalexitinformation. o Out-of-disk-spacemessages. p Terminal p roperties. vVerbose o utput. xExtra d ebugginginformation.OnlyavailableonWindowsServer2003. +Append t oexistingfile. !Flush e achlinetothelog.

Package\ProductCode
[p|o|e|d|c|a|u|m|s|v]

Package\ProductCode

/a /x /j

Package

Package\ProductCode
[u|m]Package or [u|m]Package/ or [u|m]Package/ [i|w|e|a|r|u|c|m|o|p|v|x|+|!]

/l

"*"Wildcard, logallinformationexceptforthevandxoptions.Toinclude t hevandx options,specify"/l*vx".

/m filename Generates a nSMSstatus.miffile.Mustbeusedwitheithertheinstall(-i),remove(-x), administrativeinstallation(-a_,orreinstall(-f)options.TheISMIF32.DLLisinstalledas

partofSMSandmustbeonthepath.

Thefields o fthestatusmiffilearefilledwith t hefollowinginformation: Manufacturer Author Product RevisionNumber Version Subject Locale Template Serial N umbernotset Installation setbyISMIF32.DLLto"DateTime InstallStatusSuccessor F ailed Description Errormessagesinthefollowingorder: 1 )Errormessagesgeneratedbyinstaller. 2 )ResourcefromMsi.dllifinstallation c ouldnotcommenceoruserexit. 3)Systemerrormessagefile. 4)Formattedmessage:"Installererror%i",where%iiserrorreturnedfromMsi.dll. /p a patch.Toapplyapatchtoaninstalledadministrativeimage y oumustcombine PatchPackage[;patchPackage2...] Applies optionsasfollows: /p<PatchPackage>[;patchPackage2...] / a<Package> /q n|b|r|f Sets U serinterfacelevel. q, qbBasic qrReduced qfFull qn+No qb+Basic qb-Basic Notethat t he!optionisavailablewithWindowsInstallerversion2.0and w orksonlywith basicUI.ItisnotvalidwithfullUI. /?or/h Displays c opyrightinformationforWindowsInstaller. /y Module Calls thesystemAPI Thisoption i susedonlyforregistryinformationthatcannotbeaddedusing t heregistry tablesofthe.msifile. Calls thesystemAPI Thisoption i susedonlyforregistryinformationthatcannotberemovedusing theregistry tablesofthe.msifile. Advertises a newinstanceoftheproduct.Mustbeusedinconjunctionwith / t.

/z

Module

/c /n

ProductCode

Specifiesaparticular i nstanceoftheproduct.Usedtoidentifyaninstanceinstalled usingthemultipleinstancesupportthroughaproductcodechanging t ransforms.

Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Changing the Default Content File Location

Contentfilesincludeoutputstyles,filters,andconnections files. T hesearetypicallyinstalledintheEndNoteprogramfolder.For example C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Styles C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Filters C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections However,youmaywanttoinstallthedefaultcontentfilesinafolder o therthantheEndNoteprogramfolder.Youmaywanttouse acommon,shared f olderforallusersinyourorganization. Note:Remember t hatEndNotecompilesstyle,filter,andconnectionfilelistsfromboth t hedefaultinstallationfolderandausers personalcontentfolders. F orinformationaboutsettingapersonalfolderlocation,seeFolder LocationsPreferences. Belowaretwomethodsthatanadministratorcouldusetoruntheinstaller andtellEndNotetorelocatethe"main"contentfilelocations. T he<path_to_content_folders s houldbesettotheparentpathofthecontentfolders.Forinstance, i ftheStyles,Filters,and ConnectionsfoldersarelocatedatD:\Shared\Content\,thenthatpathshouldbeusedforCFDIR.

Method 1: Specify a custom folder path via command line

Thismethodwillworkformostusers,whoinstallEndNotebylaunching t heinstaller.ToinstallEndNotewithacustomcontent filefoldersetting: For EXE installations: ENX6Inst.exeCFDIR=<path_to_content_folders> For MSI installations: msiexec.exe/IENX6Inst.msiCFDIR=<path_to_content_folders> Thismethodisforsitesystemadministrators,whowanttheenduser t oinstallordeploytheapplicationwithouttheuserchanging settings. UpdatethevalueoftheCFDIRproperty inthePropertytable,savethetransform,andcreatethegrouppolicy o bjecttodeploy theinstallerwiththetransform.(Seethetransform d ocumentationforthetoolyouareusing,suchasOrca). Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Installing All Content Files

Contentfilesincludeoutputstyles,filters,andconnections files. E arlierreleasesofEndNoteinstalledallavailablecontentfiles. The n umberofpredefinedcontentfilesisnowinthethousands,andmayadversely a ffectthespeedandperformanceofEndNote. Yourusers,however,may p refertohaveaccess toallfiles.

Note:Youcancombine t hiscommandalongwithchangingthedefaultcontentfilepath.SeeChangingthe D efaultContentFile Location.

Method 1: Change the setting via command line

Thismethodwillworkformostusers,whoinstallEndNotebylaunching t heinstaller.ToinstallallcontentfileswithEndNote: For EXE installations: ENX6Inst.exeINSTALLALLCONTENTFILES=yes For MSI installations: msiexec.exe/IENX6Inst.msiINSTALLALLCONTENTFILES=yes

Method 2: Specify a custom folder path via transform;

Thismethodisforsitesystemadministrators,whowanttheenduser t oinstallordeploytheapplicationwithouttheuserchanging settings. ChangethevalueoftheINSTALLALLCONTENTFILESpropertyto"yes" i nthePropertytable,savethetransform,andcreate thegrouppolicy o bjecttodeploytheinstallerwiththetransform.(Seethetransform d ocumentationforthetoolyouareusing, suchasOrca.) Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Setting Local Find Full Text Preferences

Youcangloballysetthevalues fortheFindFullTextpanelunderEndNote Preferences. JustasweshowunderChanging t heDefaultContentFileLocationandInstalling AllContentFiles,youcandothisviacommand lineorbychanging t hesettingviatransform.Theseoptionsareavailable: FFTUSEISILINKS= FFTUSEDOI= FFTUSEPUBMED= FFTUSEOPENURL= FFTOPENURLRESOLVER= FFTAUTHENTICATEURL= UseTorFtoselectordeselect t heWebofKnowledgeFullTextLinkscheckbox. Use TorFtoselectordeselectthe"DOI"checkbox. Use TorFtoselectordeselectthePubMedLinkOutcheckbox. Use TorFtoselectordeselecttheOpenURLcheckbox. Enter a URLfortheOpenURLPathtextbox. Enter a URLfortheAuthenticatewithURLtextbox.

Related Topics AboutMassProgramInstallations

ChangingtheDefaultContentFileLocation CustomSettings DeployingtheEndNoteInstallerwithGroupPolicy EasyDeployment LicensingofVolumeCopies MSICommandLineOptions ScriptedProgramInstallations UsingLibrariesonaNetwork

Making Backups
Backing Up Your EndNote Files
Westronglyrecommendthatyoukeepseveralbackupcopiesofyourcritical c omputerfiles,especiallyyourEndNotelibraries andpapers thatyou a rewriting.Therearemanywaysthatafilecanbedamaged:CDsandharddiskscanfail,virusescanerase orcorrupt f iles,and,ofcourse,thereisalwayshumanerrorandthepossibility o faccidentallythrowingawayyourthesisorgrant proposalthedaybefore i tisdue.Ifyouhaveanykindofdisaster,bigorlittle,backupcopies c ansaveyouhoursordaysofwork. ThesimplestwaytomakeabackupistouseWindows ExplorerortheWindowsdesktoptocopyyourfilestoa C Dorotherportablestoragedevice.ThiswillworkforyourEndNotelibraries u ntiltheyaretoolargetofitononeofthese. Tobackuplargerfiles,orautomatethebackupprocess,useabackup p rogram.Youroperatingsystemlikelyincludesabackup program.There arealsoanumberofcommercialbackupprogramsavailablethatmakeregular b ackupseasyandefficient;these programscanscanyourdiskforfiles t hatyoudesignateasimportant,keeptrackofchanges,andsaveyoutime b ycopyingonly thechangedfiles.Inaddition,theycansplitlargefiles, includingEndNotelibraries,amongseveraldisks.Ifyoueverneedthose files,thebackupprogramcan"restore"themfromthedisks.

Backup Suggestions
Keepatleasttwosetsofbackupdisks,eachatadifferentlocation. W erecommendthatyouhavesetsforalternatedays,soif youdiscover t hatsomethingwentwrongyesterday,youwillhavetheday-before-yesterdays v ersion. Makearchivalsetsofthefileslistedabovewheneveryoufinishan i mportantdocument.Anarchivalsetshouldincludeallofthe filesthat a reneededtorecreateafinalformattedpaper.Labelthebackupdisks, l ockthemandkeeptheminasafeplacefaraway fromyourcomputer(preferably o ff-site).Ifyoueverneedtorecreatethedocument,youwillhaveall o fthenecessaryfiles. Related Topics: Important FilestoBackup

Important Files to Back Up

ThistopicliststheimportantEndNotefilestobackup.Ifyoureceived t heEndNoteprogramelectronically,youmaywanttostart bybackingup t heEndNoteinstaller. Thelibraryfile(filename.enl) i swhereallofyourreferencesarestored.Notethatexportingdatafrom y ourlibraryisnotabackup. Anexportfileisjustatext d ocument,whereasanEndNotelibraryisadatabase.Makesureyouback u pboththefilewiththe extension.

Saving and Restoring Compressed Libraries

YoucansaveanEndNotelibrary(thefilename.enlfile,its associated.DATAfolder,andallofitscontents)toasingle c ompressedfilecalledSample_Library_X6.enlxinordertobackupyour l ibraryorsendacopytoacolleague.Later,youcan restore the c ompressedlibrarywithEndNote. Creating a Compressed Library File 1. OpenthelibraryinEndNote. 2. FromtheFilemenu,selectCompressedLibrary(.enlx)todisplayaCompressedLibrarydialog. 3. Usetheradiobuttonstodeterminetheseoptions:

l SpecifywhetheryouwanttoCreateacompressedlibrary ortoCreate&Emailthelibrary. l Specifywhetheryouwanttosavefileattachmentswiththelibrary o rnot. l Specifywhetheryouwanttosaveallreferencestothecompressedlibrary, onlytheselected(highlighted)references,or onlythereferences inaspecificgrouporgroupset. l Click Nexttodisplay afiledialog. 4. Savethecompressedlibrary(defaultnameisSample_Library_X6.enlx)toafolderonyourharddrive.Youcanrenamethefile namebutyoucannotusethefollowingcharacters.
Invalid characters for naming a compressed library

\ / : * ? " < > |

(back s lash) (forward s lash) (colon) (asterisk) (question m ark) (quotation m ark) (less t han) (greater t han) (vertical b ar)

5. IfyouselectedtheCreate&Emailoption,EndNotewilllaunchyourdefaultemailsystem,create a newemail,andattach thecompressedlibraryfiletotheemail. Enteradditionalinformationtotheemail,suchasarecipient,subject, a ndmessage.ClicktheSendbutton. Restoring a Compressed Library File 1. UseEndNote(versionXorlater)toopenthefilename.enlxfile,whichwillextractthe . ENLfileandthe.DATAfoldertothe samefolderwherethe.enlxfileislocated. 2. UseEndNotetoopenthefilename.enl f ileasyounormallywouldtousethelibrary.

Custom Reference Types

The c urrentreferencetypestableappliestoalllibrariesopenedunderthe c urrentuseraccount. Tobackupcustomreferencetypes: 1. From t heEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. Click t heReferenceTypesoptioninthelistofpreferences. 3. Under R eferenceTypeTable,clickExporttodisplayafiledialog. 4. Name t hefile,selectafolderwhereyouwillbeabletofinditlater, a ndclickSave.EndNotewillappendan.xmlsuffixto thefilename. Torestorethereferencetypetable:

1. From t heEditmenu, s electPreferences. 2. Click t heReferenceTypesoptioninthelistofpreferences. 3. Under R eferenceTypeTable,clickImport. 4. Inthe f iledialog,locate,highlight,andOpenthe.xmlfilethatwaspreviouslyexported.

Modified Styles, Filters, and Connection Files

Modifiedstyles areimportanttobackupsothatyoudonothavetorecreate t hebibliographicformatifsomethinghappenstoyour customizedstyle. S imilarly,customfiltersandconnectionfilesshouldbebackedupso t hatyoudonothavetoredotheworkto getyourreferencestoimport a syouwantthem. Whenyoudisplayalistofstyles,filters,orconnectionfiles,the l istiscompiledfromboththedefaultinstallationfoldersaswellas y ourpersonalfolders. ThedefaultStyles,Connections,andFiltersfoldersareinstalledin t heEndNoteprogramfolder: Program F iles\EndNoteX6\Styles ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Filters ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections Ifyouhavenotmodifiedthesefiles,itisnotimportanttomakebackups o fthembecauseyoucanalwaysreinstallthemwiththe EndNoteInstaller. Onceyoumakeachangetooneofthesefiles,orcreateanewfile, i tissavedtoyourpersonalStyles,Filters,orConnections folder.These f oldersaretypicallyfoundin Windows XP: DocumentsandSettings\[Username]\MyDocuments\EndNote\ Windows Vista:Users\[Username]\Documents\EndNote Windows 7:Users\[Username]\Documents\EndNote Youcanchangethelocationofyourpersonal f olderswithFolderpreferences.Tolocateorchangeyourpersonal F olderlocations, seeFolder L ocations.

Word Processing Documents

Thepapers youhavewrittenthatincludeEndNotecitationsshouldbe k eptwithyourEndNotebackupfiles. Related Topics: Backing U pYourEndNoteFiles

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting EndNote
Troubleshooting EndNote
Fordocumentationupdatesandcorrectionnotesforthisrelease,refer t otheReadme.txtfileinstalledinthe E ndNoteX6folder. Forlate-breakingnewsandupdates,pleasegoto:http://www.endnote.com/support. Foralistoffrequentlyaskedquestions,see:http://www.endnote.com/faqs. These are common issues: Commandsaredimmedandnotavailable l l l l Displayingextended/special characters OpeninganEndNoteX6librarywithEndNote8or9 TheEndNotelibraryiscorrupted Cannotsaveamodifiedstyle,filter, orconnectionfile

For topics that are specific to Cite While You Write: l TroubleshootingCiteWhileYouWrite For topics that are specific to online connections: l Troubleshootingconnections

Commands are Dimmed and Not Available

MenuitemsinEndNotemaynotbeavailabledependingonwhichmodeis s electedintheLibrarywindow: l When y oufirstcreatealibrary,IntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearch M odeisineffect.Allgroupsandmostmenucommandsare available. l When OnlineSearchModeisineffect,theonlygroupsavailableinthe L ibrarywindow areOnlineSearches,aswellasthe automaticgroups OnlineReferencesandOnlineTrash.Youcannotsavechangesto i ndividualreferencesormakeglobal editsinthelibrary. l Local L ibraryModedoesnotdisplayOnlineGroups.Itdisplaysautomaticgroups, c ustomgroups,andsmartgroups.Itkeeps you f rominadvertentlydownloadingreferences foundduringanonlinesearch i ntoyourcurrentlyopenlibrary. Usetheseiconsonthetoolbartoswitchbetweenmodes:

Forafulldescriptionofthethreemodes,seeThe L ibraryWindow DisplayModes.

Commandsmayalsobedimmeddependinguponwhichpartofthewindow i sactive.Forexample,iftheGroups panelisactivein theLibrarywindow, a ndnoreferenceisselectedinthereferencelist,theEditReferences c ommandwillnotbeavailablefromthe Referencesmenu.Itwouldnotmake s enseinthiscontext,sincethereisnoreferenceselected.

Displaying Extended/Special Characters

Importing Unicode Characters
WhenyouarecopyingtextfromtheWeb,orviewing a nHTMLdocumentexportedfromEndNote,setencodingtoUnicode(UTF8). T odothisinInternetExplorer,gototheViewmenuandselect E ncoding. Iftheencodinginformationintheimportfileisnotrecognized,no r ecordswillbeimportedintoEndNote.Iftheencodingisrecognized, b utisincorrectfortranslationfromthesourceprogram,Unicodecharacters w illbecorruptedduringtheImportoperation. SeealsoProblemsWithRetrievedData .

Displaying Unicode Characters in EndNote

EndNoteusesUnicodetoencodespecialcharacters,sothatdatacan b eeasilytranslatedbetweenplatforms,programs,andlanguages.Ifcharacters d onotappearastheyshouldinEndNote,youmayneedtochangeyourdisplay f ont.Somefontsdonot includecertaincharacters(youmayseeboxes r atherthantext). FromtheEdit m enu,selectPreferences,andthenclicktheDisplayFontsoption.We r ecommendusingaUnicodefontasthedisplayfont,todisplaythemajority o fUnicodecharacters.

Changing Language Settings

Youlikely willneedlanguage p acksinstalledinordertoviewUnicodedoublebytecharacterscorrectly i nallinstances.(Thisisa Windowsrequirement,notanEndNote requirement.) EndNoteusesthedefaultlanguageandlocalesettingsfromyouroperating s ystem.Whileyoumaynotneed t oinstallalanguage packtoviewextendedcharactersinareference ( becauseyouhaveafontinstalledthatcanrenderthecharactersyou n eed), theremaybeatimewhenyouneedtochangeyourWindowsLanguage s etting. TochangetheLocale/Language s etting: 1. FromtheStartmenuunderWindows,selectoneofthese,depending o nyoursystemversion: Settings>ControlPanel>RegionalandLanguageOptions>Languagestab Start>ControlPanel>RegionalOptions>GeneralTab 2. Usethetabtovieworchangethelocaleand/or l anguagesandmethodsyoucanusetoentertext.Youmaybeasked f ora CDthatcontainsthelanguagepackyourequested.Thisisa C Davailableforyouroperatingsystem,andisnotprovided with EndNote. 3. Afterchangingthelanguagesetting,usetheRecover L ibrarycommandtorebuildexistingEndNotelibraries.See R ecoveringaDamagedLibrary.

Opening an EndNote X6 Library with EndNote 8 or 9

EndNoteX6canopenEndNote 8 or9librarieswithabsolutelynoproblems.Technically,EndNote8and E ndNote9canopen librariescreatedwithEndNoteX6 , butwedonotrecommendit. BecauseEndNoteX6includes e nhancements,youmayencounteroneofthefollowingsituations,andpossibly o thers,when openinganEndNoteX6librarywithEndNote8or9.

When I attempt to open an EndNote library, EndNote crashes WhenyoureceivedyourcopyoftheEndNoteX6 l ibrary,itdidnotincludethe.DATAfolderassociatedwithit. T he.DATAfolder isacriticalpartofyourlibrary. YoumustgetanothercopyoftheEndNoteX6 l ibrary,includingthe.DATAfolderassociatedwithit. When I open an EndNote X6 library, it appears to be blank WhenyoureceivedyourcopyoftheEndNoteX6 l ibrary,itdidnotincludethe.DATAfolderassociatedwithit.The.DATA f olderis acriticalpartofyourlibrary. Ifyouhavenotmodifiedtheblanklibraryinanyway(suchasadding anewreference),youcansimplycopytheoriginal.DATA foldertothe f oldercontainingtheblanklibrary(replacingthenew.DATAfoldercreated byEndNote8or9).Itshouldnowopencorrectly.IftheoriginalDATA f olderisnotavailable,deletethe.DATAfolderthatwascreatedbyEndNote 8 or9,andyouwillbe abletoopenthelibrarywithEndNoteX6(whichwillrecreatetheappropriate . DATAfolder). Ifyouhavemodifiedtheblanklibrary,allpreviousreferenceinformation islost.YoumustreloadacopyoftheoriginalEndNoteX6 library,includingthe.DATAfolder. The Korean sort order is lost EndNoteXandlaterincludedaKoreansortoption;EndNote8or 9 willignoretheKoreansortoption,andwilldefaulttothefirst item intheSortlist(SystemDefaultorEnglish). Saved groups are lost EndNoteX1andlaterincludetheabilitytosavegroups ofrecordsin alibrary;EndNote8or9willignoregroups. Some references incorrectly use the Generic reference type EndNoteXandEndNoteX2includednewreferencetypes.EndNote8or 9 willdisplayandprinttheGenericreferencetypefor thosereferences e nteredintothenewreferencetypes. Existing File Links are not working EndNote8and9donotsupportrelativepaths forattachedfiles.When y ouuseEndNoteX6toinsertafilewitharelativepath,and thenopen t hatlibrarywithEndNote8or9,youwillseeafilepaththatisnot a functioninghyperlink. Note:Donotmodify t henon-functioningrelativelink,oryouwillbreakthelink. IfEndNoteX6userswill b esharinglibrarieswithEndNote8or9users,werecommendentering eachfiletwiceoncewitharelativepath(forEndNoteXandlater) a ndoncewithanabsolutepath(forEndNote8and9). 1. First, u seFileAttachments>LinktoFiletolinkthefilewith arelativepath.Onthefiledialog,makesuretoselectthe"Copy thisfiletothedefaultfileattachments folderandcreatearelative l ink"checkbox. 2. Use F ileAttachments >LinktoFiletolinkthefileagain,thistime w ithanabsolutepath.Onthefiledialog,makesuretoclear the " Copythisfiletothedefaultfileattachments folderandcreate arelativelink"checkbox.Navigatetotheexistingfilein t he .Data/PDFsubfolderforthatreference a ndinsertit. Thiswillcreatearelativelinkandanabsolutelinktothesamedocument.

Whileyoucouldinsertfilesonlyasabsolutelinks,youwouldlose t heabilitytoeasilyandaccuratelytransferattachedfilesto other c olleaguesusingEndNoteX6 . Absolutelinksrequirethesamefolderstructureoneachmachine.

The EndNote Library is Corrupted

Anytimeyoufeelyourlibrarymaybecorrupted: 1. Backupthelibrary.Do not replaceany previousbackupcopies,justincaseyouneedthem! 2. FromtheToolsmenu,runtheRecoverLibraryoperation t orebuildthelibrary.SeeRecovering a DamagedLibraryformore informationaboutthiscommand. Note:DuetoabugintheMacintoshSystem,youmayencounterdatabasecorruptionwhenyourEndNotelibraryisstoredonan SMB(Windows)server,youareaccessingitfromaMacintoshrunningOS10.4.x,andyoumakechangesthatrequirereindexing data.Ifthisshouldhappen,copythelibrarytoyourlocalcomputer(oraMacintoshserver)andruntheRecoverLibraryoperation fromtheToolsmenuinEndNote.

Cannot Save a Style, Filter, or Connection File (Windows)

Youhaveeditedacontentfile(astyle,filter,orconnection f ile),butwhenyoutrytosavethefileyoucannotchooseSave,but must c hooseSaveAstosaveacopy. Thestyles,filters,andconnectionfilesprovidedwith EndNoteareinstalledintheStyles,Filters,andConnectionsfolders w hich aretypicallylocatedintheEndNoteprogramfolder: C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Styles C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Filters C:\ProgramFiles\EndNoteX6\Connections However,whenyoucreateanewfile,ormodify oneofthe i nstalledfiles,thefileissavedinoneofyourpersonalfolders.By default,yourpersonalfoldersaresetto: Windows XP: C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Styles C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Filters C:\DocumentsandSettings\[UserName]\MyDocuments\EndNote\Connections Windows Vista: C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Styles C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Filters C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Connections Windows 7: C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Styles C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Filters C:\Users\[UserName]\Documents\EndNote\Connections WhenyoudisplayalistoffilesinEndNote,thelistis c ompiledfrombothfolderlocations:theinstallationfoldersfoundin t heEndNoteprogramfolder,plusyourpersonalfolders.Formoreinformation aboutthesefolderlocations,andhowtochangethem,see Folder L ocationsPreferences. Ifyouwanttomakeamodifiedfileavailabletoallusers, y oumustloginasanadministratortocopythefiletotheprogramfolder location. Tomakeafileavailabletoallusers:

1. Edit t hefileasneededandsaveacopytoyourpersonalfolder. 2. Logoffasthecurrentuser. 3. Log i nagainwithadministrativerights. 4. Copy t hemodifiedfilefromyourpersonalfoldertotheappropriateshared f olderintheEndNoteX6 programfolder.

Troubleshooting Cite While You Write

Troubleshooting Cite While You Write
ForamoreextensivelistofissuesandupdatesconcerningCiteWhile YouWrite,pleasegoto:http://www.endnote.com/support. Foralistoffrequentlyaskedquestions,see:http://www.endnote.com/faqs. ThesearecommonCWYWissues: l l l l l l NoEndNoteCommandsinWord TwoEndNotetoolbarsappearin W ord Wordcrashesorgivesanerror wheninsertingalargenumberofcitations GarbledADDIN CorruptedWorddocuments Insertedcitationsdisappear, butreferencelistiscreated

No EndNote Commands in Word

EndNotecommandsareavailableinMicrosoft W ord2003,2007,2010,andOpenOffice.orgWriter3. l InWord2003,EndNote c ommandsappearontheToolsmenuinanEndNoteX6submenu. l InWord2007and2010, E ndNotecommandsappearonanEndNoteX6tab. l InWriter,EndNotecommands a ppearonanEndNoteX6menu. BeforeyouattempttoRepairorModifyyourEndNoteinstallationin o rdertouseCiteWhileYouWrite,youmustmakesurethat yourwordprocessor isnotrunning.CloseallMicrosoftOfficeandOpenOffice.orgapplications. F orOpenOffice.org,youmust alsoclosetheOpenOffice.orgQuickstarterthatmayappearinyourSystem T ray.Right-clickontheiconandclickExitQuickstarter. Repairing the Installation IfyouupgradedyourversionofMicrosoftWordorOpenOffice.orgWriter a fterinstallingEndNote,orCiteWhileYouWritecommandsdonotappear i nWordorWriterforsomeotherreason,youshouldruntheinstallation p rogramagain. Run the EndNote installer file to Repair the installation: 1. Log i ntothemachinewithadministrativerightsorasauserwithprogram installationprivileges. 2. Run t heEndNoteinstallerfilefromdiskorCD. 3. Select R epair,andthenclickNext.

Or, run the EndNote installer from the Control Panel to Repair the installation: 1. Log i ntothemachinewithadministrativerightsorasauserwithprogram installationprivileges. 2. From t heWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings, a ndthenselectControlPanel. 3. Select A ddorRemovePrograms. 4. Highlight EndNoteX6,andthenclickChange. 5. Select R epair,andthenclickNext. YourentireEndNoteinstallationischeckedandrepairedasneeded. Modifying the Installation IfyouinitiallydidaCustominstall,anddidnotinstallCiteWhile YouWritefiles,youneedtomodify yourinstallationtoinstallthe appropriate f iles. Run the EndNote installer file to Modify the installation: 1. Log i ntothemachinewithadministrativerightsorasauserwithprogram installationprivileges. 2. Run t heEndNoteinstallerfilefromdiskorCD. 3. Select M odifyandclickNext. 4. Make s urethattheappropriateitemisselectedforyourwordprocessor: a. ForMicrosoftWord,under W ordTemplates/Add-in,selectCiteWhileYouWriteforMicrosoft W ordfor installation. b. ForOpenOffice.orgWriter, s electOpenOffice.orgExtensionforinstallation. 5. Click Next. Or, run the EndNote installer from the Control Panel to Modify the installation: 1. Log i ntothemachinewithadministrativerightsorasauserwithprogram installationprivileges. 2. From t heWindowsStartmenu,selectControlPanel,orselectSettings, a ndthenselectControlPanel. 3. Select A ddorRemovePrograms. 4. Highlight EndNoteX6,andthenclickChange. 5. Select M odify,andthenclickNext. 6. Make s urethattheappropriateitemisselectedforyourwordprocessor: a. ForMicrosoftWord,under W ordTemplates/Add-in,selectCiteWhileYouWriteforMicrosoft W ordfor installation. b. ForOpenOffice.orgWriter, s electOpenOffice.orgExtensionforinstallation. 7. Click Next.

Whenwordprocessorsupportiscorrectlyinstalled,youwillseeEndNote c ommandsontheTools>EndNoteX6submenuin Word2003,onanEndNoteX6tabinWord2007,oronanEndNoteX6menuinOpenOffice.orgWriter. Adding the EndNote Extension to OpenOffice.org Writer ItispossiblethattheappropriateCiteWhileYouWritefileswere i nstalledforOpenOffice.orgWriter,buttheextensionwasnot appropriately l oadedintoWriter. ToloadtheEndNoteextensioninOpenOffice.orgWriter: 1. InOpenOffice.org W riter,gototheToolsmenuandselectExtensionManager. 2. Click A dd. 3. Inthe f iledialog,navigatetothefolder ProgramFiles\CommonFiles\ResearchSoft\CWYW\13.SelectthefilecalledEndNote.oxt,andthen c lickOpen.TheEndNoteCiteWhileYouWriteextensionwillnowappearinthelist. 4. Click C lose. 5. Exit OpenOffice.orgWriterandthenrestartittoloadthenewEndNote C iteWhileYouWriteextension. EndNotecommandsshouldappearonanEndNoteX6menu.

Two EndNote Toolbars appear in Word (Windows)

WhenyouhaveanearlierversionofEndNoteinstalled,andlaterinstall E ndNoteX6,theremay b esituationswheretheprevious versionsCiteWhileYouWritefiles a renotremoved.YoumayseetwoEndNotetoolbarsinMicrosoftWord,and y oumaysee twoEndNotesubmenusontheToolsmenuinWord. TocompletelyremovetheoldCiteWhileYouWriteadd-in: 1. Locate t heWordStartupfolder. SeeyourMicrosoftWorddocumentationabouthowtoview a ndmanageadd-ins;youwillbeabletoseewhichadd-insare loadedand w heretheyarelocated. 2. Quit f romWord. 3. Delete a lloftheCWYWfilesfoundintheStartupfolder,suchasthesefiles f orEndNoteX: EN10Cwyw.dot EN10Cwyw.wll EN10Cwyw.WordXP.wll EarlierversionsofEndNotewillshowsimilarfiles, w ithaslightlydifferentprefix. Note:TheStartup f olderforWordishiddenbydefault.Youlikelywillneedtoeitherenter t hefullpathtothefolder,orturnon "Showhiddenfilesandfolders" i nWindowsExplorer. 4. Restart W ord.

Word crashes or gives an error when inserting a large number of citations

EndNoteusesWord'shiddenfieldcodeswhenformattingcitations,and insertsallthereferenceinformationforallofthegrouped citations inthesecodes.However,thereisalimittotheamountoftextthatMicrosoft a llows inasinglesetoffieldcodes.You

mayreachthemaximumlimit w henyouattempttoinsert20ormorecitationsforreferencesthathave e xtensiveinformationin them(suchaslargeabstracts). Toavoidthisissue,trynottoinsertalargegroupofcitationsall atonce.Instead,insertasmallgroupofreferences,thenaspace, and t heninsertanothersmallgroupofreferences.Thisavoidshavingasingle g roupofformattedcitationsthatwouldexceed Word'sfieldcodelimitations. WhenyouuseInsertSelectedCitations,orhighlightmultiplecitations t oinsertfromtheFindCitationsdialog,EndNotelimitsyou to250citations i nasinglegroup. Related Topics: Corrupted W orddocuments Garbled A DDIN Inserted c itationsdisappear,butreferencelistiscreated

Garbled ADDIN
WhenyouinsertacitationintoaWorddocument,thecitationisembedded i nfieldcodes,suchas:

Fieldcodesholdreferenceinformationforyourformattedcitations, a ndaretypicallyhidden. TohidefieldcodesinWord: Word 2003: 1. InWord,gototheToolsmenuandselectOptions. 2. OntheViewtab,cleartheboxtitled"Field C odes." 3. ClickOK. Word 2007 and 2010:

1. InWord,clicktheMicrosoftOfficebuttoninthe t opleftcorner. 2. ClicktheWordOptionsbutton. 3. ClickAdvanced. 4. Scrolltothe"Showdocumentcontent"section a ndcleartheboxtitled"Showfieldcodesinsteadoftheirvalues." 5. ClickOK. Note: A neasywaytoturnfieldcodesonoroffistopressAlt+F9. 1. InWord,gototheWordmenuandselectPreferences. 2. OntheViewmenu,cleartheboxtitled"Field C odes." 3. ClickOK. Yourcitationswillnowappearcorrectinthedocument.Fieldcodes a restillthere,andarenecessary,buttheyarehiddenfrom view. Related Topics: Corrupted W orddocuments Inserted c itationsdisappear,butreferencelistiscreated Word c rashesorgivesanerrorwheninsertingalargenumberofcitations

Corrupted Word Documents

TheUnformatCitationscommandmayhelpyourestoreacorruptedWord d ocument.ItcanalsobehelpfultouseUnformatCitationstoavoidcorruption i nthefirstplace. ProblemscanoccurwhenyouhavemanycitationsinyourWorddocument, a ndyoueithermovemanycitationsaroundinthedocument,ormakemany e ditstoreferencesintheassociatedEndNotelibrary.IfyouUnformat C itationsbeforeyoubeginmaking edits,youcanavoidpossibleissues. TorestoreacorruptedWorddocument ( Word2003): 1. Beforeyoubegin,pleasebackupyourWorddocument a ndtheassociatedEndNotelibrary.(Donotreplaceaprevious backup.) 2. InWord,openanewBlankDocument. 3. GototheInsertmenu,andselectFile. 4. InserttheproblematicWorddocumentintothis n ewblankdocument. 5. FromtheTools>EndNotemenu,selectFormat Bibliography. Ifthedocumentisstillnotformattingcorrectly,continuetothe n extstep. Note: T henextstepremovestheTravelingLibraryfromthisdocument,somake s ureyouhavethelibraryavailablethat containsthesereferences. 6. FromtheTools>EndNotemenu,selectUnformat C itationstoconvertthecitationsintothetemporaryformatandremove thereferencelistfromtheendofthedocument. 7. QuitfromWord(andOutlookifitisopen).

8. StartWordagain,andopenjusttheunformatted d ocument.Ifyouneedtomovelargesectionsofthedocumentaround, o r deletecitations,doitatthispoint. 9. OpenEndNoteandtheassociatedlibrary. 10. InWord,gototheTools>EndNotemenuand s electFormatBibliographyagain. Related Topics: Garbled A DDIN Inserted c itationsdisappear,butreferencelistiscreated Word c rashesorgivesanerrorwheninsertingalargenumberofcitations

Inserted citations disappear, but reference list is created

Mostlikely,youareformattingwithanoutputstylethatdoesn'tinclude a citationdefinition,suchasthe"ShowAllFields"output styleorthe"Chicago15thA"outputstyle.Tofixthis,simply f ormatthebibliographywithadifferentoutputstyle. Toreformatwithadifferentoutputstyle: 1. Word 2003: I nWord,gotoTools>EndNotemenuandselectFormat Bibliography. Word 2007 and 2010: O ntheEndNotetab,intheBibliographygroup,clickthebottomcorner a rrow.) OpenOffice.org Writer: I nWriter,gototheEndNotemenu andselectFormat B ibliography. 2. Inthedropdownoutputstylelist,selecttheoutput s tyleyou'dliketouse.Agenericoutputstyleyoucanuseforthis p urposeisthe"Author-Date"style.YoucanclicktheBrowse b uttontochoosefromotheravailableoutputstyles. 3. ClickOKtoformatthedocumentusingtheselected s tyle. Ifyouareusinganauthor/yeartypeofoutputstyle,andthereference y ouarecitingdoesnotincludeanauthororayear,therewill benothing t odisplayinthecitation.Thecitationwillsimplynotshowup,although t hefullformwillappearinthereferencelistat theendofthedocument. Related Topics: CiteWhile Y ouWriteInstallationProblems Corrupted W orddocuments Garbled A DDIN Word c rashesorgivesanerrorwheninsertingalargenumberofcitations

Troubleshooting Online Connections

Troubleshooting Connections
Whenconnectingwithanonlinedatabase,thereareatleasttwocomputersinvolvedincompletingthetasksyouwishtoperform: yoursandthedatabaseserver.Mostoften,thereareintermediarycomputersaswell,suchasDomainNameServers(DNS), proxyservers,andfirewalls.Withmorethanjustyourcomputerinvolved,things cangetcomplicated. Themostbasicproblemyoucanencounterwithconnectionsisthefailuretoconnectatall.Therearefourwaysyoumayexperiencethisproblem:

l EndNotecannot c onnecttotheInternet l EndNotecannot f indthehost l >EndNotecannot c onnecttothehost l EndNotecannot c ommunicatewiththehost Related Topics: Errors E ncounteredWhileRetrievingReferences Problems W ithRetrievedData TheConnection ErrorDialog

Online Search Groups are Not Available

IfyourEndNotelibraryisdisplayedinLocalLibraryMode,OnlineSearch g roups aresuppressed.Displaymodesareselectedby usingicons o nthetoolbar:

Whenyoufirstcreatealibrary,IntegratedLibrary&OnlineSearch M odeisineffect.Allgroupsandmostmenucommandsare available,including O nlineSearchgroups.IfyouexecuteanonlinesearchwhileinIntegrated Library&OnlineSearchMode,the retrievedreferencesaresaveddirectly t oyouropenlibrary. WhenOnlineSearchModeisineffect,theonlygroupsavailableinthe L ibrarywindow areOnlineSearchgroups,aswellasthe automaticgroups OnlineReferencesandOnlineTrash.Ifyouexecuteanonlinesearch w hileinOnlineSearchMode,retrieved referencesaredownloadedinto a temporarylibrary,andyoumustusetheReferences>CopyReferences c ommandtocopy selectedreferencestoapermanentEndNotelibrary. LocalLibraryModedoesnotdisplayOnlineSearchgroups.Itdisplays automaticgroups,customgroups,andsmartgroups. I t keepsyoufrominadvertentlydownloadingreferencesfoundduringan o nlinesearchintoyourcurrentlyopenlibrary.Youcanstill selectOnline S earchfromtheToolsmenu,whichwouldswitchyourdisplaytoOnline S earchMode.Or,usethetoolbartoselect eitherIntegratedLibrary& O nlineSearchModeorOnlineSearchModesothattheOnlineSearchgroups b ecomeavailable.

Problems Connecting to the Internet

Ingeneral,ifyouareabletouseaWebbrowserorotherInternetsoftware, y oushouldalsobeabletoconnectwithEndNote.Try usingyourWebbrowser t omakesureyourInternetconnectionisworking.

Dial-up Connections
YourcomputersystemincludessoftwaretoconnecttotheInternetthrough a modemconnectedtoyourtelephoneline.Youneed tosetuptheWindows d ialupconnections software inordertoconnectwithyourInternetprovider. Inmostcases,tryingtoconnectinEndNotewillstartupyourdialupsoftwareautomatically.Somenetworkingpackagesrequire thatyouestablishthedialupconnectionmanuallybeforetryingtoconnectinEndNote.

Problems Finding the Host

ThereareafewpossibilitiesforwhatcouldbewrongifEndNotecannot f indthehost:

l Thedomainnamespecifiedintheconnectionfile i swrong. l Yournetworksoftware d oesnothavethecorrectaddressfortheDomainNameServer. l YourDomainName S erverisnotworking. Iftheconnectionfilehasworkedinthepast,theproblemmayliewith t heDomainNameServer.Ifyouhavejustmadetheconnectionfileyourself a nditsneverworkedbefore,youprobablyenteredthewrongServerAddress. IfyoususpectproblemswiththeDomainNameServer,contactyournetwork a dministrator.

Problems Connecting
Oncethehostisfound,EndNotetriestoconnect.Itsendsaconnection r equesttothehostandwaitsforuptotwominutesfora reply.Itmay r eceivenone,oritmayreceivearefusalimmediately.Inthefirstcase y ouwillseeatime-outerrormessage,andin thesecondcaseyouwill s eea"hostrefusedconnection"errormessage. Ifyouwaitfortwominutesandreceiveatime-outmessage,theonline c omputerisdownforsomereason.Tryagainlater. Ifyoureceivearefusalmessage,andthishappensnomatterwhichconnection f ileyoutrytouse,youaremostlikelybehindafirewall.

Firewalls
Yoursystemmaybeconfiguredwithafirewalltoblockcertainports. Toconnecttoadatabasefrombehindafirewall,youmust askyournetwork a dministratortoallowcommunicationthroughthefirewallfortheport u sedbytheonlinedatabaseyouwishto search.Youcanopentheconnection f iletofindtheappropriateserveraddressandportnumber,asdescribed below. Dependingupontheconfigurationofthefirewall,theadministrator m ayallowcommunicationtoallcomputersoutsidethefirewall ontherequested p ort,orcommunicationtoaspecificserverandport.

Proxy Servers
Yourorganization,ortheonlinedatabaseprovider,mayuseaproxy s ervertoallowonlyvalidusersaccesstotheorganizations network a nd/ordatabase.Contactanetworkadministratorfromtheorganization t ofindoutwhetheraproxyserverisused. Ifyoualreadyhaveaccess totheremotenetworkwithyourWebbrowser, c hecktheconfigurationofyourWebbrowser.Lookfor "proxies" or"proxyserver."(SeeyourWebBrowserdocumentationtolocate proxyserversettings,asthelocationchanges dependingonwhichversion y ouareusing.)Theconfigurationforaproxyserverhastwopiecesof i nformation:anaddressanda port. Note: I fInternetExplorerisconfiguredforusewithaproxyserver,EndNote w illautomaticallyhandletheproxyserverwhen accessinghttp-basedconnections ( PubMedandWebofScience.IfyoudonotuseInternetExplorer, c onfigureproxysettings withtheInternetOptionsintheWindowsControl P anel. Finding the Server Address and Port Beforeyoucontactyournetworkadministrator, c hecktheappropriateEndNoteconnectionfilefortheaddressoftheserver a nd theportspecified. Toobtaintheserveraddressandport: 1. From t heEditmenu,selectConnectionFilesandselectOpenConnection M anager. 2. Select t heappropriateconnectionfileandclickEdit.

3. Inthe C onnectionFilewindow,clicktheConnectionSettingsoption. YouwillfindtheserveraddressandtheportontheConnectionSettings p anel. Dependingupontheconfigurationofthefirewall,theadministrator m ayallowcommunicationtoallcomputersoutsidethefirewall ontherequested p ort,orcommunicationtoaspecificserverandport.

Communicating with Local Database Servers or Gateways

Manyuniversitiesandorganizationslicense Z 39.50databasesforuse o ntheirownservers,orforaccessfromalocalgateway. Thecompany p rovidingthedatabaseswillincludeclientsoftwareforaccessingthe d atabases.SomeZ39.50serversare designedtorespondonlytorequests f romthisclientsoftware.Inothercases,theservermustbeconfigured t oallowrequests fromsoftwareotherthanthesuppliedclientprogram. IfyourorganizationmaintainsZ39.50databases,butyouareunable t oconnecttothemwithEndNote,askyournetworkadministratorifthe d atabaseserversupportsclientsoftwareotherthanthatsuppliedbythe d atabaseprovider.

Problems Communicating with the Host

Onceyouareconnected,themostcommonproblemincommunicatingwith ahostserverisapasswordproblem.Checkyour passwordanduserID. C hecktheupperorlowercaserequirements.Ifapasswordisrejected, y ouwillseeanerrormessagethat sayssomethinglike"Serverhas r ejectedinitialization."SeeAccess- R estrictedDatabases.

The Connection Error Dialog

Whensearchinganonlinedatabase,ifthereisaproblemwiththedatabase, t hesearchterms,ortheconnectionfile,EndNote presentsanerrormessage describingthesourceoftheproblem.Theconnectionerrordialogdisplays t heoriginalZ39.50error message,ifavailable,EndNotestranslated v ersionofthaterror,andanyothermessagebeingsentdirectlyfrom t heserver.

Errors Encountered While Retrieving References

Forvariousreasons,somereferencescauseerrorsduringretrieval. I fEndNoteencountersanerrorwhileretrievingreferences fromanonline s ource,itstopstheretrievalprocess.Inordertogettherestofthe r eferences,itisbesttosubmitthesearchagain, andthistimerequest t hereferencesstartdownloadingwiththeoneafterthereferencewhich m ighthavecausedanerror.For example,iftheerrorappearedwhilethe t enthreferenceoutoffiftywasbeingretrieved,submitthesearchagain, a ndwhen prompted,askonlyforreferences11through50toberetrieved. EndNotetypicallyretrievesreferencesinbatches,forspeedandmemory r easons.However,someserversaretooslow,ortheir recorddataistoo l arge,tosupportbatchdownloads.Ifyoufindthatyourconnectionwith a serviceproviderfailsafterapproximatelythesameamountofdataeach t imeyouattempttodownloadreferences,youcantryturningoffbatch p rocessing.Youwill needtoopentheconnectionfileyouareusing,as describedunderEditing aConnectionFile,anddeselecttheBatchDownload optiondescribed u nderTheConnection S ettings.

Problems With Retrieved Data

Blank records
Ifblankrecordsappearinyourreferencelist,itcouldbedue t oanumberofcauses.Onethingtocheckiswhetheryourfiltersettings i ntheconnectionfilematchtheformatoftheretrievedrecords.Open t heconnectionfileandviewtheTemplatessection. AlsoshowtheConnection s tatus window,andchangeitsviewtoshowRecordData.Thetwoformats n eedtomatchinorderfor thedatatoimport.

Sometimes,whenviewingtherecorddataintheConnectionStatuswindow, y ouwillnoticethatthereisnobibliographicinformationforareference t hatwasretrieved.Thishappenssometimeswhereduplicateorblankentries r emainintheonlinedatabase. Thesecanbeignored.

Asterisks in author names or titles

Forsomedatabases,diacriticalcharactersintheauthornamesandtitles c annotbeinterpretedcorrectlywhenEndNoteretrieves thereferences. I nsuchcases,thediacriticalcharactersarereplacedwithanasterisk ( *).UsetheChange T extcommandinthe Referencesmenutochangethenameswiththe asteriskstothenamewiththediacriticalcharactersastheyshouldbe. In exported references, extended characters appear as boxes Youve d ownloadedreferencesfromanonlinesource,andtheydisplaycorrectly i nEndNote.Butwhenyouexportthosereferencestoatextfile,andopen t hefilewithatextreadersuchasNotePad, a llextendedcharacters(forexample,umlauts)appear tobecorrupted. W hathappened? Youronlinedatasourcelikelyprovided e achextendedcharacterastwocharactersabaseletterandacombining c haracter ratherthanasasingle,precomposed c haracter.Forexample,anextendedcharactercanbecomposedofana a ndthenthecombiningumlautcharacterratherthanasasinglecharacter. Both c haracterrepresentationsareperfectlyvalid,soinitiallythereisno i ndicationofaproblem.Manyapplications,includingEndNoteandWordPad,canappropriatelydisplayextendedcharacters i neitherform,butyouhappentobeusinganapplicationthat cannot. Windows a pplicationsdisplayaboxcharactertoindicatethatthefontorapplication c annotrendertheappropriatecharacter. Even t houghthecharactersdonotdisplaycorrectlyinthecurrentapplication, t heyarestillvalid.Openthefilewithadifferent application. See a lsoDisplaying Extended/SpecialCharacters.

Reference Types and Fields

About the Predefined Reference Types
Thereferencetypetableshows w hichfieldsareusedineachofthe48differentreferencetypesand w hatthefieldsarecalled. TheGenericreferencetypeisrepeatedseveral t imessothatyoucaneasily compareanindividualfieldtoitsGeneric f ieldname. Fordescriptionsofspecialfields,seeSpecial F ields. Important Points About Reference Types l Youcanassignaparticularreferencetypeto e achreferenceenteredintoyourlibrary. l TheReferenceTypespreference,accessiblethrough E ndNote'sPreferences,determineswhichfieldsareavailablefor each ofthedifferentreferencetypes. l TheReferenceTypespreferenceallowsupto 4 8differenttypesofreferences,eachcapableofsupportingupto 5 4fields. l Ofthe48referencetypes,allbuttheGeneric t ypecanbemodified. l UsetheReferenceTypespreferencetoadd,delete, orrenamefields. l ThelayoutoftheGenericreferencetypeshould b eusedasaguidewhenmodifyingorcreatingreferencetypes.Rows reservedforAuthorsshouldbeusedonlyfornames. l TheDateStampfields,"AddedtoLibrary" a nd"RecordLastUpdated,"areautomaticfieldsthatcannot b ealtered.They appearinthefooterofeachreference. l ChangesmadetotheReferenceTypes preference a restoredforeachuserinaRefTypeTable.xmlfilewhichislocated i n thefolderDocuments a ndSettings\[YourFolder]\ApplicationData\EndNote.Theyapplytoall librariesopenedunderthecurrentuseraccount. l Ifyoumoveyourlibrarytoadifferentcomputer, y ourreferenceswillfollowthelayoutoftheReferenceTypespreference f or thecurrentuseraccountonthatcomputer,unlessyoualsotransfer a copyofyourRefTypeTable.xmlfiletotheother user'sDocuments a ndSettings\[YourFolder]\ApplicationData\EndNotefolder.SeeSharing Y ourReferenceTypeTable. l DonotenterreferencedataintotheReference T ypespreferencedialog.Thetableisdesignedtostorejustthenames o f thereferencefields. SeetheListofReference Types.

List of Reference Types

ThesearethereferencetypesthataresuppliedwithEndNote.Click o nareferencetypenametoviewthelistoffieldsincludedin thatreference t ype.EachlistingincludestheGenericreferencetype,sothatyoucan v iewdefaultfieldnames.Defaultfield namesmayappearinvariousareas o ftheprogram,suchasintheSearchwindow,orwheneditinganoutput s tyle.
Aggregated D atabase Ancient T ext Artwork Audiovisual M aterial Bill Blog Book Generic Government D ocument Grant Hearing Journal A rticle Legal R uleor Regulation Magazine A rticle

Book S ection Case Catalog Chartor Table ClassicalWork ComputerProgram ConferencePaper ConferenceProceedings Dataset Dictionary EditedBook ElectronicArticle ElectronicBook ElectronicBookSection Encyclopedia Equation Figure Filmor Broadcast

Manuscript Map Music Newspaper A rticle Online D atabase OnlineMultimedia Pamphlet Patent Personal C ommunication Report Serial Standard Statute Thesis Unpublished W ork Web P age Unused 1 Unused 2 Unused 3

Reference Types
Reference Types, A-An
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle Aggregated Database Author Year Title Periodical PlacePublished Publisher Volume PublicationNumber Pages Screens DatePublished DateAccessed TypeofWork ShortTitle Ancient Text Author Year Title Editor PublicationTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes TextNumber Pages VolumeTitle Edition Date TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication AccessionNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AbbreviatedPublication ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Art-Au

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Artwork Artist Year Title PlacePublished Publisher Size Audiovisual Material Author Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume ExtentofWork Number

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Description Edition Date TypeofWork ShortTitle AlternateTitle DOI Size/Length AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Edition Date Type Performers ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN DOI Contents Cast Credits Size/Length Format AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Bill-Blog

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1 2 Generic Author Bill Blog Author

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Year Title Code CodeVolume BillNumber CodePages CodeSection LegislativeBody Session Date Sponsor ShortTitle DOI History AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Year TitleofEntry Editor TitleofWebLog PlacePublished Publisher AccessYear Description MessageNumber Illustrator Institution Edition LastUpdateDate TypeofMedium ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN DOI Contents AuthorAffiliation AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

 PrevNext

Reference Types, Book

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption Book Author Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes SeriesVolume NumberofPages Pages Editor Edition Date TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition TitlePrefix Reviewer AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption Book Section Author Year Title Editor BookTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes SeriesVolume Pages Chapter SeriesEditor SeriesTitle Edition Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Section TitlePrefix Reviewer PackagingMethod AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption

47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Case-Cat

Prev N ext
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Case YearDecided CaseName Reporter Court ReporterVolume ReporterAbbreviation DocketNumber FirstPage FiledDate HigherCourt Decision ActionofHigherCourt DateDecided CitationofReversal Counsel AbbreviatedCaseName ParallelCitation DOI History AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Catalog Author Year Title Institution SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume CatalogNumber SeriesVolume Pages NumberofPages Edition Date TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition PackagingMethod AccessionNumber CallNumber Label

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Chart-Cl

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Chart or Table CreatedBy Year Title NameofFile ImageSourceProgram PlacePublished Publisher ImageSize Number Description Version Date TypeofImage DOI Classical Work Attribution Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes SeriesVolume NumberofPages Edition Type Translator ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISSN/ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Com-Con

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor Computer Program Programmer Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Edition Description Version Type Conference Paper Author Year Title Editor ConferenceName ConferenceLocation Publisher Volume Issue Pages Date Type

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN DOI Contents Computer AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

DOI PlacePublished AccessionNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Con-D

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Generic Author Year Title Secondary A uthor Secondary T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Conference Proceedings Author Year o fConference Title Editor Conference N ame Conference L ocation Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Dataset Investigators Year Title Producer Place P ublished Distributor Study N umber Dictionary Author Year Title Editor Dictionary T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Number Pages Section Tertiary A uthor Tertiary T itle Edition Date Type o fWork Subsidiary A uthor Short T itle Alternate T itle ISBN/ISSN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Custom 1 Custom 2 Custom 3 Custom 4 Custom 5 Custom 6 Custom 7 Custom 8 Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Issue Pages Series Editor Series T itle Edition Date Sponsor Short T itle ISBN DOI Source Place P ublished Year P ublished Proceedings T itle Packaging M ethod Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Original R eleaseDate

Number Pages Version Edition Type o fWork Translator Short T itle Abbreviation ISBN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Term

Series T itle Version Date o fCollection

Funding A gency Short T itle Abbreviation ISSN DOI Version H istory Geographic C overage Time P eriod Unit o fObservation Data T ype Dataset(s)

Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

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Reference Types, Ed-El

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51

Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider

Edited Book Editor Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes SeriesVolume NumberofPages Edition Date TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments EditorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider

Electronic Article Author Year Title PeriodicalTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume DocumentNumber Issue Pages E-PubDate WebsiteTitle Edition DateAccessed TypeofWork ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISSN DOI ReprintEdition ReviewedItem YearCited DateCited PMCID Reviewer IssueTitle NIHMSID ArticleNumber AccessionNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments EditorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider

52 53 54

Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, El-En

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes Electronic Book Author Year Title Editor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume Version NumberofPages SeriesEditor SeriesTitle Edition DateAccessed TypeofMedium ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem YearCited DateCited TitlePrefix Reviewer LastUpdateDate NIHMSID PMCID AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes Electronic Book Section Author Year Title Editor BookTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Chapter Pages Encyclopedia Author Year Title Editor EncyclopediaTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Pages SeriesEditor SeriesTitle Edition Date TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle Edition Date Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Section TitlePrefix Reviewer PackagingMethod NIHMSID PMCID AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Term AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes

42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Eq-Fig

PrevNext
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Generic Author Year Title Secondary A uthor Secondary T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Number Pages Section Tertiary A uthor Tertiary T itle Edition Date Type o fWork Subsidiary A uthor Short T itle Alternate T itle ISBN/ISSN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Custom 1 Custom 2 Custom 3 Custom 4 Custom 5 Custom 6 Equation Created B y Year Title Name o fFile Image S ourceProgram PlacePublished Publisher Image S ize Number Description Version Date Type o fImage DOI Figure Created B y Year Title Name o fFile Image S ourceProgram PlacePublished Publisher Image S ize Number Description Version Date Type o fImage DOI

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Custom 7 Custom 8 Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

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Reference Types, Film-Gov

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI Film or Broadcast Director YearReleased Title SeriesDirector SeriesTitle PlacePublished Distributor RunningTime Producer SeriesTitle Edition DateReleased Medium Performers ShortTitle AlternateTitle DOI Government Document Author Year Title Department PlacePublished Publisher Volume Issue Pages Section SeriesTitle Edition ReportNumber DOI

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

ReprintEdition Cast Credits Genre Format AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

GovernmentBody CongressNumber CongressSession AccessionNumber Label Keywords Synopsis Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Grant-H

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section Grant Investigators Year TitleofGrant ActivityLocation SponsoringAgency AmountRequested AmountReceived Status Pages DurationofGrant Hearing Year Title Committee PlacePublished Publisher NumberofVolumes DocumentNumber Pages

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Requirements Deadline FundingType Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation DOI OriginalGrantNumber ReviewDate ReviewedItem ContactName ContactAddress ContactPhone ContactFax FundingNumber CFDA N umber AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

LegislativeBody Session Date ShortTitle ISBN DOI History CongressNumber

AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, J-L

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1 2 3 4 Generic Author Year Title Journal Article Author Year Title Legal Rule or Regulation Author Year Title

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Journal Volume Issue Pages StartPage Epub D ate Date TypeofArticle ShortTitle AlternateJournal ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem LegalNote PMCID NIHMSID ArticleNumber AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

IssuingOrganization TitleNumber PlacePublished Publisher RuleNumber SessionNumber StartPage Pages SectionNumber SupplementNo. Edition DateofCodeEdition TypeofWork Abbreviation DocumentNumber DOI History AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Mag-Man

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Magazine Article Author Year Title Magazine PlacePublished Publisher Volume Frequency IssueNumber Pages StartPage Edition Date TypeofArticle ShortTitle AlternateMagazine ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Manuscript Author Year Title CollectionTitle PlacePublished Library/Archive Volume/StorageContainer ManuscriptNumber FolioNumber Pages StartPage DescriptionofMaterial Date TypeofWork ShortTitle Abbreviation DOI AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption

47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Map-N

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Generic Author Year Title Secondary A uthor Secondary T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Number Pages Section Tertiary A uthor Tertiary T itle Edition Date Type o fWork Subsidiary A uthor Short T itle Alternate T itle ISBN/ISSN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Custom 1 Custom 2 Custom 3 Custom 4 Custom 5 Custom 6 Custom 7 Custom 8 Accession N umber Call N umber Label Map Cartographer Year Title Series Editor Series T itle Place P ublished Publisher Description Edition Date Type Short T itle Abbreviation ISBN DOI Reprint E dition Scale Area Size Packaging M ethod Accession N umber Call N umber Label Music Composer Year Title Editor Album T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Pages Section Series Editor Series T itle Edition Date Form o fItem Producer Short T itle ISBN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Format ofMusic Form o fComposition Music P arts Target Audience Accompanying Matter Accession N umber Call N umber Label Newspaper Article Reporter Year Title Newspaper Place P ublished Publisher Volume Frequency Start P age Pages Section Edition Issue D ate Type o fArticle Short T itle ISSN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Column Issue Accession N umber Call N umber Label

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

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Reference Types, Online

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Online Database Author Year Title Periodical PlacePublished Publisher Volume Pages DatePublished DateAccessed TypeofWork ShortTitle ReportNumber DOI Online Multimedia CreatedBy Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle Distributor NumberofScreens DateAccessed TypeofWork DOI YearCited DateCited

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessionNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Format/Length AccessionNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Pam-Pat

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date Pamphlet Author Year Title Institution PublishedSource PlacePublished Publisher Number SeriesVolume NumberofPages Pages Edition Date Patent Inventor Year Title IssuingOrganization PublishedSource Country Assignee PatentVersionNumber USPatentClassification ApplicationNumber Pages InternationalPatentNumber InternationalTitle InternationalAuthor InternationalPatentClassification Date

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

TypeofWork Translator ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition PackagingMethod AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

PatentType ShortTitle PatentNumber DOI PriorityNumbers IssueDate DesignatedStates Attorney/Agent References LegalStatus AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments InventorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Pers-Report

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Personal Communication Author Year Title Recipient PlacePublished Report Author Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Publisher CommunicationNumber FolioNumber Pages Description Date Type ShortTitle Abbreviation DOI SendersE-Mail RecipientsE- Mail AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Institution Volume SeriesVolume DocumentNumber Pages Publisher Edition Date Type Department/Division ShortTitle AlternateTitle ReportNumber DOI Contents Issue AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Ser-Stan

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor Serial Author Year Title Editor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes SeriesVolume Pages Chapter SeriesEditor SeriesTitle Edition Date TypeofWork VolumeEditor ShortTitle Abbreviation ISBN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Section ReportNumber PackagingMethod AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor Standard Institution Year Title SectionTitle PlacePublished Publisher RuleNumber SessionNumber StartPage Pages SectionNumber PaperNumber Date TypeofWork Abbreviation DocumentNumber DOI AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor

49 50 51 52 53 54

TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Stat-Thesis

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Statute Year NameofAct Code Country Source CodeNumber StatuteNumber PublicLawNumber Pages Sections InternationalSource Session DateEnacted ShortTitle Abbreviation DOI History ArticleNumber Publisher Volume AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Thesis Author Year Title AcademicDepartment PlacePublished University Degree DocumentNumber NumberofPages Advisor Date ThesisType ShortTitle DOI AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords

39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Unpub-Web

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Generic Author Year Title SecondaryAuthor SecondaryTitle PlacePublished Publisher Volume NumberofVolumes Number Pages Section TertiaryAuthor TertiaryTitle Edition Date TypeofWork SubsidiaryAuthor ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN/ISSN DOI OriginalPublication ReprintEdition ReviewedItem Custom1 Custom2 Unpublished Work Author Year TitleofWork SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Institution Number Pages Department Date TypeofWork ShortTitle Abbreviation DOI Web Page Author Year Title SeriesEditor SeriesTitle PlacePublished Publisher AccessYear AccessDate Description Edition LastUpdateDate TypeofMedium ShortTitle AlternateTitle ISBN DOI Contents YearCited DateCited

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Custom3 Custom4 Custom5 Custom6 Custom7 Custom8 AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption AccessDate TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

AccessionNumber CallNumber Label Keywords Abstract Notes ResearchNotes URL FileAttachments AuthorAddress Figure Caption TranslatedAuthor TranslatedTitle NameofDatabase DatabaseProvider Language AddedtoLibrary LastUpdated

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Reference Types, Unused

Prev
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Generic Author Year Title Secondary A uthor Secondary T itle Place P ublished Publisher Volume Number ofVolumes Number Pages Section Tertiary A uthor Tertiary T itle Edition Date Type o fWork Unused 1 Unused 2 Unused 3

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Subsidiary A uthor Short T itle Alternate T itle ISBN/ISSN DOI Original P ublication Reprint E dition Reviewed I tem Custom 1 Custom 2 Custom 3 Custom 4 Custom 5 Custom 6 Custom 7 Accession N umber Call N umber Label Keywords Abstract Notes Research N otes URL File A ttachments Author Address Figure Caption Access D ate Custom 8 Translated A uthor Translated T itle Name o fDatabase Database P rovider Language Added t oLibrary Last U pdated

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Direct Export Formats and Import Formats

About Direct Export and Import Formats
Whatdowemeanby"directexport"and"importformats?" Direct Export:Theinformation providerincludesanoptiontosavedirectlytoEndNote.Whenyouselect t hisoption,theinformationproviderautomaticallylooksfortheappropriate f ilterinyourEndNoteFiltersfolder.Yousimply directthereferences t othe appropriateEndNotelibrary.Howwelltheinformationtransfers d ependsonhowaccuratelytheinformationproviderhastagged eachitem ofbibliographicinformation.Foralistofprovidersthatofferdirect e xport,seeDirectExportProviders. Note:UTF-8(Unicode) i sthedefaultcharacterencodingfortext,XML,andHTMLexportfrom t heproduct.RTFusesASCII encodingforASCIIcharactersand"code p ageescapes"toencodecharactersbeyondASCII. Importing:Whenaninformation p roviderdoesnotprovidedirectexporttoEndNote,theprocessofimporting r eferences becomesalittlemorecomplicated.Youmustsavereferences f romtheinformationprovidertoatextfileinataggedformat.Then, inEndNote,youmustusetheFile>Importfeaturetoselectthetagged t extfileforimport,choosetheappropriateimportfilter, andthenstart t heimportingprocess.Foralistofproviderswithdownloadinginstructions, s eeOutputFormatswith C orrespondingImportOptions. YoualsohaveanotheroptionforcopyingreferencesintoyourEndNote libraries.SeeIntroduction t oSearchingOnlineDatabases forinformationaboutdirectlysearching a nddownloadingfromvariousonlinedatabases. Copyright Issues and Fair Use of Downloaded Data EndNote g ivesyouthecapabilitytoimportreferencesdownloadedfrom onlinedatabasesintoitslibraries.Someproducersofonline r eferencedatabasesexpresslyprohibitsuchuseandstorage oftheirdata,whileothers maychargeanextrafeefora l icensetousethedatainthisway.Beforeyou downloadreferences f romadatabase,besuretocarefullycheckthecopyright a ndfairusenoticesforthedatabase.Notethatdifferent databases mayhavevaryingrestrictions,evenfromthesame informationprovider (suchasDIALOGorOvid). Related Topics: General I mportingInstructions Import O ptions Importing R eferencesDownloadedfromCD-ROMsandOnline Importing R eferencesFromOtherBibliographicSoftwarePrograms

APIs and Plug-ins

TheRSServices APIistechnologyfromThomsonReuters t hatprovidesawaytobuildonthepowerofEndNote.Itexposesprogrammatic accesstothecorefunctionalityoftheEndNoteapplication,allowing t hirdpartiestoaccessdatabasecontentandintegrateEndNotewithother t ools.WiththeRSServicesAPIuserscancreateplug-insthatworkwithin t heEndNoteinterfaceto addcustomizedfunctionalitytoEndNoteandextend c onnectivitywithotherprograms.MostoftheRSServicesAPIfunctions workwithEndNoteversionsX-X6. ThebasicfunctionsoftheAPIenableusersto:

l Buildplug-insthataddnewfunctionalityto E ndNote l Providebetterintegrationwiththird-party t oolsandproducts. l CreatetoolsthatextendtheGUIofEndNote l ScriptorbatchexistingEndNotecapabilities andfeatures l Directlyaccess recordsanddatainEndNote L ibraries(databases) l LeveragethepoweroftheEndNoteformatting e ngine(Formatter) l DirectlyImportorExportintooroutofEndNote. TheRSServicesAPIisintendedfortechnicalaudiences w hohaveknowledgeofobject-orientedprogramminglanguages,particularly CandC++.Usersshouldalsobefamiliarwiththetoolsneededtoproduce c ompiledapplicationcodeorDLLs.TheAPI i s availableforboththeMacintoshandWindowsoperatingsystemsand b ehavesidenticallyoneach,unlessotherwisespecified. Individualcustomersandthird-partypartnersareencouraged t ousetheRSServicesAPItodeveloptoolsthatcloselyinteract with EndNote.Usersarealsoencouragedtosharetheircodeandideaswith othersontheEndNoteUserForumsat: http://community.thomsonreuters.com/ts/?category.id=endnote. Whileindividualsarewelcometouseandsharetheir w orkwithothers,anypartydevelopingacomponentortoolthatusesthe RSServicesAPIforcommercialorwide-spreadusemustalsosignalicense a greementwithThomsonReuterstolegallyemploy theAPI,RDKandany associatedtools,documentation,orcode.

The RSServices Development Kit (RDK)

Supportingdocumentationandcodesamplesareprovided aspartoftheRSServicesDevelopmentKit(RDK),theRDKisavailable byrequestdirectlyfromtheThomsonReutersEndNoteteam.TheRDKis designedtoworkwithseveralcompilersand tools,includingApple'sXCodeandMicrosoft's VisualStudio.Inallcases, A PIsarepublishedintheC/C++programminglanguage,asareallsamples andexamplecode.Itisassumedthatthereaderhasavalidlylicensed c opyofoneormoreoftheaforementionedcompilationproducts,asThomson R eutersdoesnotsupplyorwarrantsuchtoolsaspartoftheRDK.While itshould bepossibletoporttheseinterfacestoadditionalcompilers orprogramminglanguages,readersshouldconsulttheirlicenseagreement ortheThomsonReutersEndNoteteambeforedoingso. ContacttheThomsonReutersEndNoteteamat: http://www.endnote.com/ensuggest.asp

Direct Export Providers

ManyinformationprovidershaveWebsitesthatincludeadirectexportoptionthat a llowsyoutosendcopiesofreferencesdirectly toanEndNotelibrary. T hedirectexportprocessautomaticallyselectsanEndNoteimportfilter t omapbibliographicinformation intotheappropriateEndNotefields. A llyouneedtodoisselecttheEndNotelibraryintowhichthedatashould b eimported. StartbyopeningtheEndNotelibraryintowhichthedatashouldbeimported.This"directexport" o r"directdownload"method doesawaywiththeadditionalsteps ofsavingthereferencestoatextfile,andthenimportingthatfile w iththeappropriateimport filter. insomecases, y oumayberequiredtoselectanappropriatefilter.Whenthedirectexport p rocessisstarted,EndNotefirst checksthefilefortagsthatarespecific t oacommonimporttype,suchastheEndNote,WebofScience,orRISformat.Ifno matchisfound,EndNotesearchesthroughallfilters f oravendorIDanddatabaseIDthatmatchthefile.Ifnomatchisfound, y ou arepromptedtoselectafilter.YoucanalsocheckourWeb s iteathttp://www.endnote.comforupdatedinformationandimport filters.

Thesystemsinthelistbelowprovidesadirectexportofreferencesinto E ndNote.Atthetimethisfilewasupdated, t heURLs workedandtookyoutotheprovidersWebsite. Thisisnotacompletelist,andthenumberofproviderskeepsgrowing, s ocheckwithyourinformationproviderstofindout whethertheyparticipate! Note:UTF-8(Unicode) i sthedefaultcharacterencodingfortext,XML,andHTMLexportfrom t heproduct.RTFusesASCII encodingforASCIIcharactersand"code p ageescapes"toencodecharactersbeyondASCII. Information Provider ALEPH American Psychological Association Type of Data/Access Various libraryWebsites PsycInfo O nline http://www.apa.org Subscriptionrequired LibraryManagementSystem http://bibliotech.dk.au UnionCatalog http://bibliotek.dk All j ournals http://www.biomedcentral.com BioOne Freeaccess Biomedical http://www.bioone.org Blackwell Synergy BMJ Subscriptionrequired All j ournalspublishedbyBlackwellthatareonline http://www.blackwell-synergy.com British M edicalJournal; T obaccoControlDatabase http://www.bmj.com/ Buffalo University Freeaccess Library c atalog http://library.buffalo.edu/ CABI-Direct AccessforBuffaloUniversitystudents only CABIDatabases http://www.cabdirect.org Canadian Journal of Communication CCLR Subscriptionrequired http://www.cjc-online.ca Subscriptionrequired Reference SightDatabaseprovidedbytheUniversity o fWaterlooCentreforContactLensResearch) ( formerlyBausch http://www.referencesight.com Delphion Free s ubscription Patent d ata

Bibliotech.dk Bibliotek.dk BioMedCentral

http://www.delphion.com EBSCO Subscriptionrequired All E BSCOdatabases http://www.ebsco.com/ Ei Engineering Village Subscriptionrequired ElsevierEngineeringInformationdatabase http://www.ei.org Elsevier Subscriptionrequired Science D irect http://www.elsevier.com EMBASE Subscriptionrequired EMBASE d atabase http://www.embase.com ERIC Subscriptionrequired ERIC d atabase http://www.eric.ed.gov ESDS Government Freeaccess Economic andSocialDataServicefortheUK,GovernmentSocialData S urveyInformation http://www.esds.ac.uk/government/search/ Google Scholar Freeaccess Broad l iteraturesearch http://scholar.google.com/ HAPI Online Freeaccess Hispanic A mericanPeriodicalIndex(UCLA) http://hapi.ucla.edu/ IEEE Subscriptionrequired Institute ofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers, Inc.;Alldatabases http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ Journal o ftheAmericanMedicalAssociation http://pubs.ama-assn.org/ JISC Freeaccess Joint I nformationSystemsCommitteeCollections http://www.jisc-collections.ac.uk JSTOR Subscriptionrequired The S cholarlyJournalArchive http://www.jstor.org/ Karger Publishing Subscriptionrequired Medical andscientificjournals http://www.karger.com/ Los Alamos National Laboratory Freeaccess Library w ithoutwalls

JAMA and Archives

http://www.lanl.gov/ MicroPatent Freeaccess All articles http://www.micropat.com Nature Subscriptionrequired Scientific d ata http://www.nature.com Nerac Subscriptionrequired All articles http://www.nerac.com NISC Subscriptionrequired All articles http://www.nisc.com OCLC Subscriptionrequired All databases http://www.oclc.com OhioLINK Subscriptionrequired Multiple d atabases http://www.ohiolink.edu OVID Subscriptionrequired All databases http://www.ovid.com Oxford Journals Subscriptionrequired Journal articles http://www.oxfordjournals.org/ Pacific Northwest Labs Freeaccess Internal d atabases http://www.pnl.gov Patent Cafe Internaluseonly Patent d ata http://www.patentcafe.com PILOTS Subscriptionrequired Medical P TSresearch http://www.ncptsd.va.gov/publications/pilots/ PNAS Online Internaluseonly Online s ciencejournalsearchtoolatBostonUniversity http://cybele.bu.edu/biomass/ All databases http://www.proquest.com Science Magazine Subscriptionrequired Journals

ProQuest

http://www.sciencemag.org Scopus Subscriptionrequired Scopus http://www.scopus.com St. John of God Library & Information Services Stanford Universitys HighWire Press WebFeat WilsonWeb Subscriptionrequired Medical library http://www.library.sjog.ie Internaluseonly HighWirePress http://highwire.stanford.edu/ Freeaccess Federated S earchEngine http://www.webfeat.org General s cienceandsocialsciencejournals http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/ Requiredlogin Related Topics: About D irectExportandImportFormats Importing R eferencesDownloadedfromCD-ROMsandOnline Importing R eferencesFromOtherBibliographicSoftwarePrograms Output F ormatswithCorrespondingImportOptions Remote D atabaseSearching

Output Formats with Corresponding Import Options

Toimportreferences,youmustfirstsavereferencesfromaninformation p roviderasaplaintext(.txt)fileinataggedformat.Ifreferencesaresenttoyouinthebodyofanemail,save t heemailtoaplaintextfileforimporting. 1. InEndNote,selectthe F ile>Import>Fileoptiontoselectthetaggedtextfilethatyousavedfromtheinformationprovider. 2. Select t heappropriateimportfilterfromtheImportFiltermenu.TheOtherFiltersoptionopensadialogthatdisplaysall filtersintheEndNoteproduct. Allfiltersdirecttaggedbitsofbibliographic i nformationtocorrespondingEndNotefields. 3. StarttheimportprocessbyclickingtheImportbutton. ThelistbelowprovidesadirectexportofreferencestoEndNote.Itisonlyasmalllistofinformationproviders.Notethefollowing beforeyoubegin. l TherearehundredsofimportfiltersavailableintheEndNoteX6Filtersfolder. l SelectEdit>ImportFilters>OpenFilterManagertolookintotheEndNoteImportFilterstableforinformationonhowto open,view,andeditfilters.Manyofthefilters includeaCommentsandLimitations sectionwithtipsonhowtodownload references f orimportingintoEndNote.

l GotoourWebsiteathttp://www.endnote.com/support/enfilters.aspforupdatedinformationandimportfilters,including detailedinformationonhowtosaveanddownloaddatadirectlytoEndNote. SeeImportingReferenceDataintoEndNoteformoredetailedinformationaboutimporting. SeeGeneralImporting I nstructionsformorestep-by-stepinstructions. Information Recommended Download Format Provider AARP Age- http://research.aarp.org/ageline/home.html Line There i snomethodfordownloadingdatafromthisdatabase. Instead, s avetheresultsscreenasaplaintextfilewithyourweb browsersSavecommand.Theresultingtextfilecontainstags whichareprecededby18spaces. ACM Digital Users w ithsubscriptionaccesstothiswebsitecansavemultiple Library recordstoaBINDER.Oncesaved,youcanexporttherecords i n (Association anEndNoteformat. for Computing Machinery) Non-subscribers c andownloadonerecordatatime: 1. C reateasearch. 2. C lick onanarticle. 3. S crollhalf-waydownthepageandselectDISPLAYEndNote. Limitations: Since o nlyplaintextfilescanbeimportedintoEndNote,youcannot importimagesandgraphics. Before i mporting,youmayneedtoeditthefiletoinsertacomma aftercorporateauthornames.Otherwise,EndNotewillnot beable todistinguishcorporateauthorsfrompersonalauthors. Save r eferencesinthe"TaggedFormat"(*.txt). SciFinder( CAS)filter From t heCSAsearchresultsscreen,click S ave/Print/Email.On Various theSave/Print/Emailscreen, s elect: filtersfor CSAdataRecord F ormat:FullFormat basesare SaveFileFormat:PCMac i n Click S ave.YourWebbrowseraskswheretosavethefile.Ifyour provided theEndWebbrowserletsyousaveindifferentfileformats,make s ureyou NoteFilters saveasa"TextOnly"(*.txt)file. folder. Import Filter Ageline (AARP) filter

EndNote Import

CAS SciFinder CSA (formerly Cambridge Scientific Abstracts)

DIMDI

1. ChooseAllFields. 2. ChooseForSaving. 3. ClicktheDisplaybutton. 4. Savethedataasplaintextusingyourbrowser'sSaveAs command. Onemayneedtoeditthedatatoprepareitforimporting,e.g.make sureallthetagsareflushleftandintact,&c.

Various filtersavailableatour EndNote Website.

EBSCO

URLsmayneedtobemendedmanuallyafterimporting. Morethan100filtersavailableundertheEBSCOnameforvarious Various databases. filtersavailableatour 1. WhenviewingthecontentsofyourEBSCOfolder,selectthe EndNote itemsyouwishtoe-mail,thenclickthe'Export'link. D onot Website. choosethe'Save'optionasthiswillresultindatainaformat thatisnotquitesuitableforimport. 2. IntheExportManager,choose"Genericbibliographicmanagementsoftware"thenclicktheSavebutton. 3. Thedatawillappearinanewwindowinaformatconsisting oftwo-lettertags. EitherchooseFile>SaveAs,orcopyand pastethedataintoatexteditorandsaveitthere--ineither case,youmustsavethefileas"plaintext." D onotsaveas awebpageorHTML.

Emerald

4. Importthefileusingtheappropriatefilter. Display t hemarkedlist,click"displayfordownload(ASCII)," and Emerald thensaveasaplaintextfile. filter The f ilterprovidedworksfortheseEmeralddatabases: l EmeraldManagementReviewshttp://www.emeraldinsight.com/products/reviews/index.htm l EmeraldComputerAbstracts http://www.emeraldinsight.com/caid l EmeraldInternationalCivilEngineeringAbstracts http://www.emeraldinsight.com/products/abstracts/icea/ l EmeraldComputer&CommunicationsSecurityAbstracts http://www.emeraldinsight.com/products/abstracts/ccsa/ l EmeraldCurrentAwarenessAbstracts http://www.emeraldinsight.com/products/abstracts/caa/ Limitations: Pagenumbersareseparatedbyahyphenwithspacesoneither sideofit.EndNotecannotremovethespaces.Youwillneedto manuallyremovethespacesafterimporting.

InfoTrac (Gale)

From t heE-MailDeliverypanelatthebottomofthemarkedlist w in- InfoTrac dow,restrictthecontentstoCitation.Do n otselectFullArticle. (GALE) filter Limitations: Records oftenhaveextraneousinformationinthetitlefield,which mustberemovedmanuallyafterimporting. Save r eferencesintheEndNoteformat. EndNote Import 1. Selectthedocumentstobesaved,thenclickView-Export- Various EmailSelected. filtersavailableatour 2. ExportselectedreferencesinPCEndNoteformattoinitiate EndNote directexport. Website. Youmayhavetosavethefiletoyourdesktop,thendouble-clickit toinitiatethedirectexportfeature. Youmayalsoe-mailrecordsin theMEDLARSorMEDLARSw/ABSTRACTSformatusingthis filtertoimportthedata. Save y ourfileasplaintext(*.txt). NERAC http://www.apa.org Use t he PsycINFO After m arkingtherecordsyouwishtodownload,selectFullPsy- (APA) cINFORecord,andthenclick theDisplay M arkedRecordsbutton. filter. Selectthetext,thencopyandpaste i tintoatexteditor,savingthe fileitasplaintext(*. For detailedinstructionsonhowtosearchthePubMeddatabase, PubMed seeImporting R eferencesfromPubMedinEndNoteHelp. (NLM)filter You c analsogetdetailedinstructionsfromourEndNoteSupport siteat http://www.endnote.com/support/faqs/Import/faq1.asp

INNOPAC Knowledge Finder

NERAC PsycINFO

PubMed

Youcancheck c urrentdownloadinstructionsforNLMPubMedat anytimeathttp://www.pubmed.gov . UnCover Using y ouremailsoftware,savereferencesemailed t oyouasa (INGENTA) PlainTextorTextOnly f ile. VHL (Virtual 1. Afterselectingthedesiredreferences,scrolltothebottom Health ofthepageandclick"Yourcollection"(or"Su s elleccon). Library) 2. Canceltheprintdialog,andthensavethescreenasaplain textfile. All Databases Web of Science

Uncover (INGENTA) Various filtersavailableatour EndNote Website. 1. GototheAllDatabasesorWebof Sciencesearchpageand ISI-CE performasearch. filter 2. FromtheResultspage,selecttherecords t hatyouwantto exporttoEndNote.

3. GotoOutputRecordssectionatthebottomofthepageand selectthe F ullRecordradiobuttoninstep2. 4. SavetherecordstoPlainText. 5. OntheProcessingpage, clicktheExport b utton. Related Topics: About D irectExportandImportFormats Direct E xportProviders Import O ptions Importing R eferencesDownloadedfromCD-ROMsandOnline Importing R eferencesfromOtherBibliographicSoftwarePrograms

Keyboard Commands
Editing Keyboard Commands
Afullsetofkeycommandsisavailablesothatyoucanenterreferences w ithoutusingthemouse.Forexample,tocreateand enteranewreference w ithouttouchingthemouse:type C trl+Ntoaddanewreference,typethebibliographicinformationusing Tab o rShift+Tabtomoveforwardorbackwardbetweenthefields,andthenpress
Action Key Command

createanewreference selectmorethanonereference selectarangeofreferences openselectedreferences switchbetweenactivelibrarywindows closetheactivelibrarywindow closealllibrarywindowsofthesametypeastheactivelibrary w indow selectthenextfield selectthepreviousfield whenthecursorisinanAuthor,Journal,or K eywordsfield, d isplaytheappropriateTermlistforterm selection
When entering text:

Ctrl+N Ctrl+Click Shift+Click Ctrl+E Ctrl+Tab Ctrl+W Ctrl+Shift+W Tab Shift+Tab Ctrl+1

undothepreviouscommand cutselectedtextandputitontheclipboard copyselectedtextandputitontheclipboard pastetextfromtheclipboardattheinsertion p oint selectalltextinafield checkspelling setthetextstyletoPlainFont selectthePlainfont turnboldonoroff turnitaliconoroff turnunderlineonoroff UsetheArrowkeystonavigate w ithinafield. Related Topics: CWYWKeyboardCommands MenuKeyboardCommands ShortcutMenus Toolbars

Ctrl+Z Ctrl+X Ctrl+C Ctrl+V Ctrl+A Ctrl+Y Ctrl+T Ctrl+L Ctrl+B Ctrl+I Ctrl+U

Keyboard Commands
Afullsetofkeycommandsisavailablesothatyoucanenterreferences w ithoutusingthemouse.Forexample,tocreateand enteranewreference w ithouttouchingthemouse:typeCtrl+Ntoaddanewreference,typethebibliographicinformationusing Tab o rShift+Tabtomoveforwardorbackwardbetweenthefields,andthen p ressCtrl+Wtosaveandclosethereference.

Command Ctrl+N Ctrl+Click Shift+Click Ctrl+E Ctrl+W Tab Shift+Tab When text is selected Ctrl+T Ctrl+L Ctrl+B Ctrl+I Ctrl+U

Function Createsanewreference Toselectmorethanonereference Selectsarangeofreferences Opensselectedreferences Closestheactivewindow Selectsthenextfield Selectsthepreviousfield Setsthetextstyletoplain Selectstheplainfont Turnsboldonandoff Turnsitalicsonandoff Turnsunderlinesonandoff

Note:UsetheArrowkeystonavigatewithinafield. l CWYWKeyboardCommands l EditingKeyCommands l MenuKeyboardCommands

Menu Keyboard Commands

TheEndNotemenusdisplayequivalentkeycommandsnexttomanymenu c ommands,soyoucanexecutecommandswithout takingyourhandsoffthe k eyboardtouseamouse.Youcanusethefollowingtablesasaquickreference. Allcommandsarenotalwaysavailabletoyou.Forexample,ifnoreferences a rehighlightedintheLibrarywindow,theEditReferencesandMoveReferences t oTrashcommandsarenotavailablefromtheReferencesmenu. Thesetableslistonlythosecommandswithakeyboardequivalent.Not allmenucommandshaveacorrespondingkeystroke. Note:UsetheF6keytonavigatefromtheGroupspanel,to t heReferenceListpanel,totheReferencepanel.
File Menu Command Key Command

OpenLibrary CloseLibary Save Exit

Edit Menu Command

Ctrl+O Ctrl+W Ctrl+S Ctrl+Q

Key Command

Undo Cut Copy Paste

Ctrl+Z Ctrl+X Ctrl+C Ctrl+V

SelectAll CopyFormatted FindandReplace Font>PlainFont Style>Plain Style>Bold Style>Italic Style>Underline

References Menu Command

Ctrl+A Ctrl+K Ctrl+R Ctrl+L Ctrl+T Ctrl+B Ctrl+I Ctrl+U

Key Command

NewReference EditReferences MoveReferencestoTrash GoTo FileAttachments>Attach File FileAttachments>OpenFile FileAttachments>Save As... URL>OpenURL NextReference PreviousReference ShowAllReferences
Tools Menu Command

Ctrl+N Ctrl+E Ctrl+D Ctrl+J Ctrl+Alt+A Ctr+Alt+P Ctrl+Shift+S Ctrl+G Ctrl+Page Down Ctrl+PageUp Ctrl+M

Key Command

SearchLibrary SpellCheck CWYW>ReturntoWord CWYW>InsertSelectedCitations CWYW>FormatBibliography CWYW>ImportTravelingLibrary CWYW>CWYWPreferences OpenTermList> AuthorTermList JournalsTermsList KeywordsTermList (Openstheappropriatelistforthefieldwherethecursor

Ctrl+F Ctrl+Y Alt+1 Alt+2 Alt+3 Alt+8 Alt+9

Ctrl+1

resides) DefineTermLists LinkTermsLists

Windows Menu Command Key Command

Ctrl+4 Ctrl+3

CloseAllLibraries
Help Menu Command

Ctrl+Shift+W

Key Command

HelpContents

F1

Related Topics: CWYWKeyboard C ommands Editing K eyboardCommands KeyboardCommands Shortcut M enus

CWYW Keyboard Commands for Word

ThesekeyboardcommandsareavailablewhenyouuseCiteWhileYouWrite w ithMicrosoftWord.Thetablebelowshowstheinitialsettings,butyou c anchangethekeycommandassignments.SeeKeyboard S hortcutsinWord. Note that: l Alt+1is usedforbothReturntoWordandGotoEndNote.Theprogramdetermines w hichapplicationiscurrentlyactive andswitchestotheotherapplication. l Someofthesecommandsareavailablebothfrom W ordandfromEndNote. l Whileyoucanchangekeyassignments,keepin m indthatmostotherkeycombinationsarecurrentlyalreadyinuse i nboth EndNoteandWord.
Cite While You Write Command Key Command

FindCitation(s) InsertNote InsertSelectedCitation(s) FindFigure(s) GotoEndNote ReturntoWord ReturntoDocumentfromBibliography EditCitation(s)

Alt+7 Alt+0 Alt+2 None Assigned Alt+1 Alt+1 Alt+LeftArrow Alt+6

EditLibraryReferences FormatBibliography UnformatCitations RemoveFieldCodes ExportTravelingLibrary CiteWhileYouWritePreferences Help

Alt+5 Alt+3 Alt+4 None Assigned Alt+8 Alt+9 None Assigned

Related Topics: Editing K eyboardCommands MenuKeyboard C ommands Shortcut M enus