SUMMARY

UNIT 9 : AGE OF DISCOVERY

*WHO? The Portuguese monarchs and Prince the Navigator organised various expeditions.*(the first voyages of Portugal) * WHAT COUNTRY? Portugal * WHEN? From the early 15th century * WHICH WAY? Around the coast of Africa

*
IN THE EARLY 15TH CENTURY PORTUGAL LOOKS FOR A NEW SEA ROUTES

*In 1418: The Madeira Islands were discovered. by various expeditions* *In 1431: The Azores Islands were discovered.
The lands discovered Bartolomeu Dias opening the sea route to the Indian Ocean. + Bartolomeu rounded the Cape of Good Hope. * In 1498: + Vasco de Gama reached India. + Vasco discovered a new route between Europe and Asia which didnt go through the territories controlled by the Turks.

* In 1488:+

* The explorers discovered

this new route

The new Sea routes to India.

*What did obtain Portugal

with all this?

*Established trading post along new routes. *Portugal became a world power. * Portugal created a great empire. * The Castilians decided to sail towards the west
across first the Atlantic ocean and after the Pacific ocean.

* THE SPANIARDS

* The Castilians decided to reach the India,

circumnavigating the Earth.

*
SPAIN AND PORTUGAL, GREAT RIVALS, IN THE THE SEARCH FOR NEW ROUTES TO INDIA

This plan or new route was very risky because: + The crossing the oceans were terrifying. + This new route involved sailing a long way . into unknown waters or new route.

In this new route the navigation system is not cabotage but open sea.

*The *THE PORTUGUESES

Portuguese were the first European

people to reach the India.

* The Portuguese decided to sail towards the east around the coast of Africa * This new route was less risky than new Spanish route.

*Who was he? A Genoese sailor called Chirstopher Columbus. *What theory he based his project? He thought that the world was round
although some people still believed that it was flat. * What was his project? He was convinced he could reach the eastern coast of Asia by crossing the Atlantic Ocean. *The Catholic Monarchs finance the expedition * What characteristics had his first expedition? BEFORE THE FIRST EXPEDITIONS

*The expedition was of ninety sailors *The expedition had three ships called: the
Pinta, the Nia and the Santa Maria *The expedition left the port of Palos de la Frontera, in Huelva. * His first voyage during several weeks from the 3rd August to 12th October 1492: little more than 5 weeks .

The discovery of America

+ * What went wrong on his first voyage?

*The Columbus calculations were wrong because

he thought the Earth was much smaller than it really is and the distance between Asia and Spain turned out to be much longer. *Because of this event the voyage was longer and the crew
complained, but he persuaded them to continue.

*Finally Columbus saw land but he was firmly convinced

he had reached Cipango (Japan) or India, both in Asia.

* After the voyage of discovery in 1492, Columbus made

three more expeditions or voyages .

* The other voyages of Columbus

* In these voyages the territories were colonized and established the dominion of Castilian, exploring other new territories.

* On the second , was found a faster and safer route to America * On his last two voyages,
AFTER THE FIRST EXPEDITIONS OR THE VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY: 1492
and South America.
he explored part of the coast of Central

In 1504 he returned to Spain , from his fourth voyage which will be the last because he died two years later (1506).

* How America get its name.

* Columbus died without knowing that the lands he had.

discovered belonged to an unknown and new continent, which he continued calling the Indies, still firmly convinced that he had reached Asia: Cipango or India . * However in 1502, Amerigo Vespucci had already realised that these lands werent Asia but these belonged to a new continent. and as his stories became popular then the new continent was named America ,in his honor