Davut Ersoy davutersoy66@hotmail.

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GREAT MYSTIC POET YUNUS EMRE

Abstract We live in a world with conflicts, uneasiness in each different parts of earth. We are in need of animating breath to put an end to these troubles. Our voice echoes and solution to these problems comes from centuries away with enchanted breath of Yunus. As a Muhammedan successor and burning person with great passion for humanity he declared the brother hood of humanity. For him the only way out was to those issues was reciprocal assistance and cooperation around the common values. So, as an apostle of peace he attested the importance of peace in stead of war. This is why he was accepted so world widely by different nations. Key words: Pioneers, divine love, existence, sentiments, Mystic, manifestation, brotherhood, flea, pantheist, tolerance. Introduction Peasant mystic poet Yunus came into the world in the country. He experienced wars, immigrations and riots. The fact is that he managed to change these unfavorable conditions into the advantages by making use of his inadequate facilities in the best way possible. Mongol invasions, compulsory change of accommodations and also inner riots of local nomadic entities against administrations are all in this period. By assimilating Quranic knowledge he revealed those facts putting into the service of multicultural society to set up the unity. Without doubt, in this sense his contribution to the peace in Anatolia was at the highest level. History proves this fact with several incidents. Even each verse of his poetry is at the quality to affirm this idea.

His life To star with, Yunus is the mystic poet who enlightens the ages with his way of worldly accepted thinking. His most straightforward peculiarity is being a man of love. His birth date as well as exact date of death are under debate today. According to present sources he was born in 1240 in Sarikoy in Eskisehir also died in the same place in 1321. He passed his young hood like his peers in the country with a little difference. Since, now and then there were intervals to accept his religious education. Although he had very eminent masters, Tapduk Emre keeps the most significant place in his life. In other words, after attaching to him he reached purification and became a saint as a result. Thus, rest of his life, that is, his encountering with him determined his later life. As a man of wisdom he was replete with love. Unlike others his love was versatile, supreme and all-embracing so much so that it encompasses the whole universe together with its creators. Without doubt this way of thinking was the manifestation of Hadiths and Holly Book Quran with the commentary of Yunus. His conformist behaviors and life style as well as using vernacular in his poetry cause him to be accepted by his own nation. On the other hand, his appreciation emanate from the use of universally accepted themes. Such as peace, brotherhood, divine love, conscience and so forth. Besides he defended the unity of existence of man and nature and cardinal human values. As a mystic he preferred poetry as a communication device. With the collection of his poems two books were compiled named `Divan` and `Risalett-n Nushiyye`. The fact is that his poetry seem simple on the surface, however, they are highly difficult to find out as they contain deep religious and historical facts. E.g. I make men love peace and unite; Putting down the black words on white, I wrote the four holy books right I'm the Koran for those who pray.

Human rights from his standpoint

In fact, the following verses describe best his point of view related to human right. Many are the wonders of the world. And none so wonderful as man.

This way of thinking is the common mystic thought which echoes from the Hadiths of Prophet Mohammed and Holly Book Quran. As it was written in it man was created and sent by God in order to represent Himself.That is, he is His reflection and Caliph on earth. Thus, man was given the attribute of God. Such as, intelligence, productivity, governing and so on. In the eyes of Yunus everybody is born with Gods love in their hearts. Therefore they are equal to each other so they worth being respected. Their rank, nationality or religions are not obstacles. Now that they are the creatures of God they deserve to be behaved in a humane way and live freely

Mystic is what they call me, Hate is my only enemy; I harbour a grudge against none. To me the whole world is one. I thint this quatrain explains my aim at a desired level. His works To start with, Yunus put in words his sentiments and thoughts in the form of poetry. In other words, he spoke through it to get across with people from various statuses. He used it as a most effective tool for his messages. As a person of this kind who is full of compassion, humanity couldnt be thought the other way As it is known, poetry is the concentration of sentiments, to be able to address effectively with an extreme definition or to manage to say what unsay able is. So too, Yunus preferred this influential way to get across, to win peoples way to their hearts. Without doubt he reached his aim as well. His popularity even today is definite evidence how successful he was. As for his works, presently we have two poetry works in our hands which comprise his poems. Their names are : Risa let-un Nushiyye (Bookof counsel) and Divan (Collected poems). These are his matchless works written in folk Turkish overwhelmingly. Besides being various, their contents are; death, transitory life, divine love, nature and the sense of being away from home are general themes in his poems. As it will be noticed those subjects are related to hereafter, so what his poems have in common is the believe in the other world beyond the grave. On the whole, his poems fall into two distinctive categories; Lyric Ode and Kosma or Ghazel (Lyric Ode).The former is a sort of poem which expresses the personnel sentiments 3

or thoughts of the poet in an enthusiastic way. The latter is a folk literature type, which is written according to syllabic meter, about nature, divine love and so on. They were produced in the form of couples or verses at the same time. All these out puts were included in the books mentioned above. The exact number of poems included in Books of Counsel is 2874,in Collected Poems is 303.It was a pity that two thirds of his poems are said to be missed, according to a hearsay. Scholars say, from the beginning down to our time, only one third of his works reached us. The fact is that, the volume number of his poems, we have, suffice to affirm that how impertinent mystic poet he was. Also how much humanity needs them is just clear availability of his divine message to disregarding their race, religious believes, their languages and their countries. So, in this respect, his works seem to keep their importance within the course of next centuries. Today, we need them more than ever before All in all, it can be said that his matchless young hood period became a reference for his future career. The virtues that he is composed of were gained in those institutions with the help of those pioneers. This accumulated knowledge he got from its own sources carried him to higher positions and to the full maturity. In other words, right person and right instructions get an important share in his life as it is today. On the other hand, the contributions of families cant be repudiated.

HIS CONTRIBUTIONS What makes Yunus so considerable and unique is his values he carries and virtues which take their sources from his belief. As a mystic poet he understood and interpreted the Holly Book in the best way possible. As a result, he put forward his understanding to the use of all mankind.People, all over the world, found out the real sense of universal brotherhood with his contributions Yunus with this point of view was embracing all human kinds, whats more, all kind of creatures on earth, too. According to the belief he represented everything, without exception, was created by God. He declared this view saying; We love all craters because of creator. That is, from stand point love is the main dynamic power in the universe; even it makes the world go round. It is the reflection of everything, so much so that, the yeast of everything is love or divine love of God. He says that he came into existence with love, as

being full of it, he himself is composed of it. That is not all; it is everything, everlasting so it surrounds every thing in the universe. Moreover, putting the man into the center of everything, he appreciates, exalts mans position. Happiness and solutions to the problems lays in mens own existence. What you need to succeed is having true love. Briefly, love is almighty, everlasting and reflection of God in man, in all craters. The love of man is so huge that he loves everybody without taking any notice of his race, religion, sect, nationality and genre. That is the reason of keeping so important place of man for him. His following verses declare this idea. The world is my true ration. Its people are my nation.

On the other hand, he became a spokesman of God by interpreting the holly message correctly and putting into the service of mankind, despite having high position, Yunus was among people, as one of them. Another considerable thing is his simple, unadorned, exemplary life. As appearance his way of life was similar to them but in reality, as mentality he was far from them. This quality carried him beyond his age. Moreover, he brought new understanding by using his native tongue in his poems. In a sense, he opened a new period in this respect since educated people were producing their works in Arabic or Persian then. As a pioneer, in terms of using folk language in literature, he made a great contribution to Turkish language. Today, even after eight centuries an ordinary people can understand his poetry without consulting any dictionaries, despite the difficulty of comprehending of an article written one century ago. In brief, distance and time passed, werent able to wear his effect and value away, as he got settled in of peoples hearts. In this respect, not only Turkish people but also all people of nations love him. So too, humanity are incepted to him for his toleration in the world over. His universality There is no doubt that his progressively growing fame is spreading wave after wave all over the world. The reason of this lies behind the universal messages of him. He remained undiminished even after seven centuries. What made him unique is his flea for world peace and brotherhood of nations.

The man who feels the marvels of true love, Abandons his religion and nation. As a pantheist he believed that God is not independent of this universe but inclusive of it. His view of all-embracing human love and universal brotherhood caused him to be accepted by all nations. In connection with this he states: For those who truly love God and his ways, All people of the world are brothers. Thus, he declares the people of the world brothers disregarding their sects, races and financial positions. This world-wide-vision made him unique and unforgettable despite long period of time. This immense influence on Turkish people as well as on other nations has gradually increased within the course of time for ages. Having humanist values in his heart he hated hatred, wars and grudges in stead of them he placed friendship, peace and love. In short, he was the epitome of tolerance and stability on the way to provide the in the world over. He can be considered a humble world citizen since he finds the whole humanity in himself and he finds himself in the whole humanity.

Conclusion Consequently, it can be said that Yunus who is the man of inner soul is the common value of all humanity. He accepted the whole universe with its creatures including human being as a running system and supervised by God Almighty. When we look from this point of view it requires to be friends but not rival groups. Continually he stood up for the unity of humanbeing as a pantheist. We love the created For the Creators sake. I think these couples of him express best my objective. On the other hand being a conformist he diagnosed the illness and cured it with his divine pure love without consulting material power. In fact, that sort of behavior was set forth centuries ago by his prophet Mohammed. He did nothing but putting those ideas into practice with its new version by evaluating the conditions and time. His comprehension of tolerance goes beyond his age. On the base of accepting everybody as they are was an

original way of thinking then. So believing free choice of people made him to be accepted by large group of people. The more time passes the better we comprehend his ideology. In a word of one syllable he advised people to turn their heart away from everything except God. For him to attain real salvation was possible abstaining from wars and struggles by taking refugee in God and getting divine love.

References: - http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9078161 2 - http://w3.gazi.edu.tr/~ertan/yunus.html; http://www.turkuler.com/ozan/yunusemre.asp 3 -Kabakl Ahmet,Trk Edebiyat Ansiklopedisi Byk Eserler Dizisi-1,Cilt-2,Trk Edebiyeat Vakf yaynlar,stanbul,1994 4 - http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunus_Emre 5 - www.turkishculture.org/print.php?ID=84 - 15k 6 - http://www.kobiline.com/web/yunusemr 7 - elik Osman,Yunus Emre,Milli Eitim Basmevi,stanbul,2001, p,52-53 8 - elik Osman,Yunus Emre,Milli Eitim Basmevi,stanbul,2001, p,52-54 9 - http://www.turkuler.com/ozan/yunusemre.asp 1 0- http://www.kobiline.com/web/yunusemr 1 1- www.uga.edu/islam/sufismearly.html 1 2-http://w3.gazi.edu.tr/~ertan/yunus.html 13- zbay Hseyin and Mustafa Tat. Yunus Emre (Makalelerden Semeler).stanbul: Milli Etim Basmevi, 1994 14- www.bilkent.edu.tr/~dmehmet/wises/yunus/yunuslife.htm
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EXTERNAL SOURCES: 1. www.antoloji.com/siir/sair/ sair.asp 2. www.mfa.gov.tr/grupc/cj/cja/gefault1.htm 3. www.wisdomportal.com/Peace/YunusEmre-Peace.html 4. www.allspirit.co.uk/emre.html 5. www.google.com/Top/Arts/ Literature/Authors/E/Emre,_Yunus/ 6. www.worldproutassembly.org/ archives/2005/08/yunus_emres_hum.html 7. www.lightmillennium.org/summer_ fall_01/yunus_emre_humanism.html 8. www.uga.edu/islam/sufipoetry.html 9. www.bilkent.edu.tr/~dmehmet/wises/yunus/yunuspoems.htm 10. www.poetry-chaikhana.com/E/EmreYunus/