Unit VI Laplace Transforms

Definition:- If f(t) is a real valued function for all , then the laplace transform of f(t), denoted by L{f(t)} and is defined as

Where s is parameter, real or complex. Note: where a and b are constants. Laplace transform of standard functions:1. Prove that, , where a is constant. Proof: By definition

If a=1, then

2. Prove that

Proof: By definition

3. Prove that Proof:

4. Prove that Proof:

5. Prove that Proof: By definition

6. Prove that Proof: By definition

7. Prove that Proof: By definition

where n is a positive integer

8. Prove that, where n is constant Proof: By definition put st=x , s dt= dx, dt=dx/s when t=0, x=0 and when t=, x= therefore L{

Definition:

replacing n by n+1

Examples: 1. Find L{f(t)} where f(t)= Solution: By definition,

L{f(t)} = = =

= =

2. Find the Laplace transform of f(t) = Solution : By definition, L{f(t)} = = = =+5 = - {4-0}- {-1}- {0-} = - - {-1}+ = - {-1} 3. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

Solution: By definition, L{f(t)} = = = = = =

4. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

Solution:

L{f(t)} =

5. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

First shifting property: If L{f(t)} = f(s) then, L{f(t)} = f(s-a) Proof: By definition, L{f(t)} = = = f(s-a)

Standard results: 1. L{}= 2. L{}= 3. L{}= 4. L{}= 5. L{}= because, L{}= because, L{}= because, L{}= because, L{}= because, L{}=

Examples:

1. Find L{} We know that, Therefore L{} = =

2. Find L{t} We know that, = (put =2t)

t} = L{ } = [L{1}+L{}] = { +}

3. Find L{t} We know that sin3 = 3sin - 4 or L{t} = L{ } = {sin2t} - {sin6t} = {} - {} (put

4. Find L{t cos2t cos3t} We know that cosA cosB = (put

L{t cos2t cos3t} = = = = =

5. Find L{ +4 -2sin3t +3cos3t} L{ +4 -2sin3t +3cos3t} = +4() -2( +3()

6. Find L{ }

L{ } = L{ = L{ 1-sin2t} =-

7. Find L{sin2t cos3t} We know that, cosA sinB = {sin(A+B)-sin(A-B)} L{sin2t cos3t} = L{sin5t-sint} = { -}

8. Find L{ } We know that cos3 = 4- 3cos L{ } = L{ } = = } 9. Find L{ sin5t cos2t } (put

10. L { }

11. L { + }

12. L { } 13. Find L{ }

14. Find L{ } L{ } = L{ ( = L{ =

15. Find L{ } L{ } = 2L {{ sin5t} = 2 {} - 3 {} =

16. Find L{ } L{ } = L{ } = L{ } = L{ } because, =

17. Find L{ } We know that, sinA cosB = {sin(A+B)+sin(A-B)} L{ } = L{ } = L{ } = +}

18. Find L{ } L{ } =}

19. L{ }

20. L{sinhat sinat}

Properties of Laplace transforms:

Property 1: If L{f(t)}= f(s) then L{ Proof: By definition

Differentiating both sides with respect to s f(s)] = f(t) dt According to Leibnitz rule for differentiation under integral sign f(s)] f(s)] f(s)] = f(t) dt = f(t) dt = - f(t) dt

(-1)f(s)] = L{t f(t)} Similarly

Property 2: If then prove that

Proof: By definition

Integrating both sides between s to with respect to s

[changing the order of integration]

Examples: (1) Find We know that

(2) Find We know that

(3) Find L{t2 sin at} We know that Therefore

(4) Find

5. Find We know that Therefore

6. Find

7. Find We know that Therefore

8. Find We know that Therefore

9. Find We know that

10. Find

L{

11. Find We know that

12. Find 13. Find 14. Show that

Put s=2

15. P.T. We have,

Put s=3,

16. Evaluate using Laplace transform We have,

Put s=0

Property 3: If then Proof: Let and hence and

17. Find Let

18. Find

Let

L[