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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

SECTION A [ 60 marks ] Answer all questions. The time suggested to complete this section is 90 minutes 1 Diagram 1.1 shows the organelles involved during the synthesis and secretion of an enzyme in an animal cell. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan organel-organel yang terlibat semasa sintesis dan rembesan suatu enzim dalam satu sel haiwan.

Diagram 1.1/ (a)

Rajah 1.1

Name the organelles labeled Q and R.

Namakan organel yang berlabel Q dan R


Q : .. R: ... [2 marks] /[2 markah] (b) Explain the role of organelle P in the synthesis of an enzyme. Terangkan peranan organel P di dalam sintesis enzim ..... .. .. [2 marks] /[2 markah] 1

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(c)

Explain what will happen to the production of extracellular enzymes if the S and Q are absent. Terangkan apa yang akan berlaku kepada penghasilan enzim luar sel jika S dan Q tidak ada. [3 marks]/[3 markah]

(d)

Diagram 1.2 shows the different levels of cells organization in human from cell to organ. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan aras yang berbeza dalam organisasi sel bagi manusia daripada sel ke organ

Y Diagram 1.2 / Rajah 1.2

Name Y and Z. Namakan Y dan Z Y : Z: [2 marks][2 markah] (e) Explain the function of Z in regulating the blood glucose level. Terangkan fungsi Z dalam mengawal atur aras glukosa darah [3 marks]/[3 markah] 2

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

Diagram 2.1 shows two conditions of plants. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan dua keadaan tumbuhan.

Diagram 2.1 / Rajah 2.1 (a) ( i) Based on the Diagram 2.1, state two observations from the plants Y. Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, nyatakan dua pemerhatian dari tumbuhan Y. 1 : 2 : [2 marks] (ii) Give two reasons to explain the observations mentioned in (a) (i). Berikan dua sebab untuk menerangkan pemerhatian di (a) (i). 1: . 2 : [ 2 marks] (b) State the elements that is needed by plant Y. Nyatakan elemen yang diperlukan oleh tumbuhan Y. .. [1 mark] (c) Diagram 2.2 shows the arrangement of apparatus to study the effect of deficiency of nutrients on plants. The maize seedling in the container is left aside for a month with the culture solution X, replenished weekly. Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kesan kekurangan nutrien ke atas tumbuhan. Anak benih jagung di dalam bekas dibiarkan selama sebulan di dalam larutan kultur X yang diganti setiap minggu

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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

Diagram 2.2 / Rajah 2.2 Condition of the maize seedling after one month Keadaan biji benih jagung selepas satu bulan

Solution X Larutan X Calcium Nitrate, Sodium Nitrate,Calcium Phosphate,Magnesium Sulphate, Iron (III) Phosphate Kalsium Nitrat, Natrium Nitrat, Kalsium Fosfat,Magnesium Sulfat, Ferum (III) Fosfat Calcium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate,Potassium dihydrogen phosphate,Potassium Sulphate , Iron (III) Phosphate Kalsium Nitrat, Kalium Nitrat , Kalium dihidrogen Fosfat, Ferum (III) Fosfat

TABLE 2 / JADUAL 2 (i) Based on the Diagram 2.1, complete Table 2 to show the effect of deficiency of nutrients on the maize seedling after one month. Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, lengkapkan Jadual 2 untuk menunjukkan kesan kekurangan nutrien ke atas biji benih jagung selepas satu bulan. [4 marks] What is the function of the black paper used in the investigation? Apakah fungsi kertas hitam yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan ini? . [1 mark]

(ii)

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(iii)

Complete Diagram 2.3 by matching the nutrients to their groups. Lengkapkan Rajah 2.3 dengan memadankan nutrien kepada kumpulannya. Nutrient Nutrien Phosphorus Fosforus Sulphur Sulfur Copper Kuprum Zinc Zink

Group Kumpulan Macronutrient Makronutrien Micronutrient Micronutrien

[2 marks] Diagram 2.3 / Rajah 2.3

Diagram 3.1 shows skin cells. Cells X are cancerous cells which are formed after the normal cells are exposed to factor W. Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan sel-sel kulit. Sel-sel X adalah sel kanser yang terbentuk selepas sel-sel normal terdedah kepada faktor W.

Cell X / Sel X

Normal cell Sel normal

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1 (a) (i) Give two examples of factor W. Beri dua contoh faktor W. 1 : .............................................. 2 : [2 marks / 2 markah]

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(ii)

Explain the formation of cells X. Terangkan pembentukan sel X. ... .. .. [2 marks /2 markah]

(iii)

State two ways to prevent the development of cells X. Nyatakan dua cara untuk mengelakkan perkembangan sel X. 1 : . 2 : . [2 marks/ 2 markah]

(b)

Diagram 3.2 shows the structure of the basic unit of a DNA molecule. Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan struktur unit asas molekul DNA. P

R Q Diagram 3.2 (i) Name the basic unit of the DNA molecule. Namakan unit asas molekul DNA itu. .. [1 mark /1 markah] (iii) What are P, Q and R? Apakah P, Q dan R? P : Q : R : [3 marks / 3 markah] / Rajah 3.2

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(c)

Briefly explain how the basic unit in 3(b) joints to form a large DNA molecule. Terangkan secara ringkas bagaimana unit asas di 3(b) bersambung untuk membentuk molekul DNA yang besar. .. ... .......... [2 marks /2 markah]

4 Diagram 4.1 shows a part of the human female reproduction system. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sebahagian dari sistem pembiakan perempuan.

Q X

Sperm Sperma

P A

Diagram 4.1 Rajah 4.1

(a)

Name structures P, Q and process X. Namakan struktur P, Q dan proses X. P : Q : ............................................................................................. X : [3 marks]

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(b)

(i) Nucleus of structure P and sperm fuse together to form structure Q which will divide repeatedly. Name structure Q and the type of division involved. Nukleus structure P dan sperma berpadu membentuk struktur Q yang kemudiannya membahagi berulangkali. Namakan struktur Q dan jenis pembahagian yang terlibat. Q : . Type of division : Jenis pembahagian : .. (2 marks / 2 markah)

(c)

Diagram 4.2 shows the parental development of a human embryo after fertilization. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan perkembangan prenatal bagi embrio manusia selepas persenyawaan. S

Part of R Sebahagian dari R

Diagram 4.2 / Rajah 4.2 (i) State the functions of S and T. Nyatakan fungsi S dan T. S : .. T : (2 marks / 2 markah) (ii) Explain the importance of the structure R in the growth of the embryo. Jelaskan kepentingan struktur R dalam pertumbuhan embrio. .. (2 marks / 2 markah)

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(d)

A mother who who recently gave birth to twins had agreed to start a family planning soon. She has decided to take contraceptive pills. Explain how this pills work. Seorang ibu yang baru melahirkan anak kembar bersetuju untuk memulakan perancangan keluarga. Dia membuat keputusan mengambil pil perancang. Terangkan bagaimana pil itu berfungsi. .. (2 marks / 2 markah)

5.

Diagram 5.1 shows a cross section through the human heart. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas jantung manusia.

Diagram 5.1 / Rajah 5.1 (a) Based on Diagram 5.1, explain the function of node P. Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1, terangkan fungsi nodus P. ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ [3 marks] 9

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(b) (i) A child with heart problem has a hole in the septum at S. Explain how the defect affects the blood pressure in the blood circulatory system. Seorang kanak-kanak dengan masalah jantung mempunyai satu lubang pada septum di S. Terangkan bagaimana kecacatan ini mempengaruhi tekanan darah dalam sistem peredaran darah. ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ [2 marks] (ii) Explain how vigorous exercise increases the blood flow in the blood vessels Q. Terangkan bagaimana senaman cergas meningkatkan pengaliran darah dalam salur darah Q. ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ [2 marks] (c) Diagram 5.2(a) shows a healthy coronary. Diagram 5.2(b) shows the coronary artery of a person with cardiovascular disease. The coronary arteries supply blood to heart muscles. Rajah 5.2(a) menunjukkan arteri koronari yang sihat. Rajah 5.2(b) menunjukkan arteri koronari seorang pesakit kardiovaskular. Arteri koronari membekalkan darah ke otot-otot jantung.

Diagram 5.2(a) Rajah 5.2(a)

Diagram 5.2(b) Rajah 5.3(b)

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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(i) Name deposit X. Namakan enapan X. ................................................................................................................................. [1 mark] (ii) Explain how the deposit X and thrombus lead to cardiovascular disease. Terangkan bagaimana enapan X dan thrombus mengakibatkan penyakit kardiovaskular. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... [2 marks] (d) The pacemaker of a patients heart fails to function. An electronic pacemaker is used to replace the original pacemaker. Explain how the electronic pacemaker works. Perentak jantung seorang pesakit didapati tidak berfungsi. Perentak elektronik telah digunakan untuk menggantikan perentak jantung asal. Terangkan bagaimana perentak elektronik itu berfungsi. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [2 marks]

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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

Section B 6 A student collected some characteristics of the garden pea plants Pisum sativum. He listed his observations and findings in Table 6.1. Seorang pelajar mengumpul ciri-ciri pokok kacang pea Pisum sativum. Dia senaraikan pemerhatian dan dapatkan dalam Jadual 6.1.

Traits /Trait Characteristics Ciri-ciri Shape of seed Bentuk biji Colour of seed Warna biji Height of plant Ketinggian pokok Ratio of second filial generation (F2) Nisbah generasi filial kedua (F2) 3 Table 6.1/ Jadual 6.1 (a) (i) Based on Table 6.1, draw a bar chart to show the total number of tall and short plants against the height of plant. Berdasarkan Jadual 6.1, lukis satu carta bar untuk menunjukkan bilangan pokok tinggi dan kerdil melawan ketinggian pokok. (3 marks) / (3 markah) (ii) Based on the bar chart constructed in (a)(i), what is the type of variation shown by the plant? Explain your answer. Berdasarkan carta bar yang dilukis dalam (a)(i), apakah jenis variasi yang ditunjukkan oleh pokok itu? Terangkan jawapan anda. (3 marks) /(3 markah) (b) What are the differences between continuous and discontinuous variation? Apakah perbezaan di antara variasi selanjar dan variasi tidak selanjar? (4 marks)/(4 markah) 1 Dominant allele Alel dominan 5474 Round 5474 bulat 6022 Yellow 6022 kuning 787 Tall 787 tinggi Recessive allele Alel resesif 1850 Wrinkled 1850 berkedut 2001 Green 2001 hijau 277 Short 277 kerdil

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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

(c) Variation appears among the members of the same species. Variasi wujud di antara ahli-ahli dalam satu spesies. Based on the above statement and your biological knowledge, describe how genetic factor becomes the causes of variation. Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas dan pengetahuan biologi anda, huraikan bagaimana faktor genetik menyebabkan berlakunya variasi. (10 marks)/(10 markah) 7 The following equation shows the process that takes place in the muscle cell of an athlete while doing a vigorous activity. Persamaan berikut menunjukkan proses yang berlaku dalam sel otot seorang atlet semasa melakukan aktiviti cergas. Glucose Glukosa (a) Lactic acid asid laktik + Energy + Tenaga

Explain how this process occur in human muscle cells. Tenaga Terangkan bagaimana proses ini berlaku dalam sel otot manusia. [6 Marks] State four differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Nyatakan empat perbezaan di antara respirasi aerobik dan respirasi anaerobik [4 marks]

(b)

(c) The diagram shows gaseous exchange at an alveolus. Rajah .menunjukkan pertukaran gas di alveolus

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MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

State the partial pressures of oxygen at P, Q and R? Nyatakan tekanan separa oksigen di P, Q dan R? [3 marks] (d) Explain how respiratory gases are transported in human body. Terangkan bagaimana gas respirasi diangkut dalam badan manusia [7 marks ] 8. (a) Biodiversity refers to the diverse species of plants and animals interacting with one another on the earth. These organisms are so many and need to be classified into the five kingdoms Monera, Protista, Animalia, Plantae and Fungi. Biodiversiti merujuk kepada berbagai spesies tumbuhan dan haiwan berinteraksi antara satu sama lain di atas mukabumi. Organisma tersebut terlalu banyak dan perlu diklasifikasikan kepada lima alam Monera, Protista, Animalia, Plantae and Fungi. Diagram 8.1 shows the classification of the organisms in the kingdoms. Explain the characteristic of the organisms in the kingdoms . Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan pengelasan organisma kepada alam. Terangkan ciri organisma dalam alam. Fungi Animalia Plantae

Protista

Monera

Diagram 8.1/Rajah 8.1

(10 marks)

(b) Biotechnology refers to the role played by the microorganisms and biological processes in producing or manufacturing useful products for humans. Bioteknologi merujuk kepada peranan yang dimainkan oleh organisma dan prosess biologi dalam menghasilkan dan mengeluarkan bahan yang berguna kepada manusia. Discuss the widely used of microorganisms in producing or manufacturing useful products for humans. 14

MODUL PECUTAN JPN KELANTAN 2012 BIOLOGI

SET 3

Bincangkan penggunaan meluas organisma dalam menghasilkan dan mengeluarkan bahan berguna kepada manusia. (10 marks/ 10 markah )

9.

The following organisms are found in a paddy field community. Organisma-organisma berikut terdapat dalam satu komuniti sawah padi. Grasshopper, paddy plant, caterpillar, frog, owl, snake, rat Belalang, pokok padi, beluncas, katak, burung hantu, ular, tikus These organisms interact with each other in the community. Organisma-organisma ini saling berinteraksi antara satu sama lain dalam komuniti tersebut. (a) (i) Based on the above organisms, construct: Berdasarkan organisma-organisma di atas, bina: A food web showing the interact of all organisms Satu jaringan makanan yang menunjukkan interaksi semua organisma A pyramid of numbers consisting of four trophic levels Satu pyramid nombor yang mengandungi empat aras trof (4 marks)/ (4 markah)

(iii)

Grasshoppers and caterpillars are pest for paddy plants.How can the population of grasshoppers and caterpillars be controlled? Explain the impact of the control methods on the paddy field community. Belalang dan beluncas merupakan perosak bagi pokok padi. Bagaimanakah populasi belalang dan beluncas dapat dikawal? Terangkan impak kaedah pengawalan itu ke atas komuniti sawah padi. (6 marks) /(6 markah)

(b)

A paddy field area is developed into an industrial area. Kawasan sawah padi dibangunkan menjadi kawasan perindustrian. Discuss the good and the bad social, economic and environmental effects of this developed. Bincangkan kesan baik dan buruk sosial, ekonomi dan persekitaran akibat pembangunan ini. (10 marks) (10 markah) END OF QUESTION SOALAN TAMAT 15

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