ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES

OUMH2103

FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN DAN BAHASA SEMESTER MEI 2013 ( SMP KHAS )

OUMH 2103 ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES

NO. MATRIKULASI NO. KAD PENGNEALAN NO. TELEFON E-MEL

: 831010146298001 : 831010-14-6298 : 012-3756662 : dhireena@oum.edu.my

PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN : PETALING JAYA

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES

OUMH2103

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER TITLE TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION SECTION A: ESSAY WRITING ON HOW JUNK FOOD CONSUMPTION IS DETRIMENTAL TO HEALTH. SECTION B: A SUMMARY ABOUT THE MECHANISM OF GREENHOUSE GASES TRAPPING THE HEAT ENEGY FROM THE SUN. BIBLIOGRAPHY

PAGES 1 2 3

4-5

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ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES

OUMH2103

INTRODUCTION The OUMH 2103 assignment requires the students to make extensive research and write appropriate essay and summary based on the given topics. This assignment is divided into two sections, section A and Section B. In section A, students are required to do read and do extensive research about the cause and effects of poor diet. Excessive junk food consumption is the main contributing factor to poor diet .Thus, students were to read thoroughly and make proper research from various sources on how a better health education will solve this disorder. The essay should include an introductory paragraph regarding the topic, a body of essay consisting the effects of junk food and a final concluding paragraph of restatement of the thesis.

In section B, the knowledge about the scientific process of greenhouse effect is tested. A diagram was given as a guide to the summary and students are required to study the diagram carefully and write an essay of 500 words long describing the information in the picture. The essay should contain a topic sentence describing the whole paragraph, a body of the paragraph regarding the process of how greenhouse gasses trap energy form the Sun and a concluding sentence.

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OUMH2103

SECTION A Health education in early stage can curb consumers from buying junk food and other processed food. Junk food is food that is calorie-dense and nutrient poor, it is also high in preservatives and artificial coloring. In recent decades, the rate of consumption of junk food increased dramatically in our country. Majority of the people are leading an unhealthy lifestyle as they are practicing poor diet. Thus, a proper health education is important to educate them about the importance of a balanced diet and the negative effects of junk food. As the proverbs says, prevention is better than cure thus a better health education should be implemented to create awareness among public .There are many interesting ways to educate people of the negative effects of junk food consumption. Public talk is one of the most effective way to expose the drawbacks caused by an unhealthy diet and eating pattern. During a public talk, information and statics of health problems such as diabetes, obesity and nutrients deficiency must be exposed to listeners. This can assist and create a positive influence on their daily lifestyle. Besides that, health seminars are also an interactive way to educate the public of the consequences of practicing an unhealthy diet. During seminars, listeners are given the opportunity to ask questions and clarify more about the impacts of eating junk food. This will aid them in changing their eating habits and practicing a more balanced diet in their lifestyle. Audient will also be guided towards consuming a proper diet and ways to stay healthy and fit through various exercises and other fun activities. Consumption of junk food will result in numerous health problems. Nutrients deficiency is an example of what you might suffer from due to excessive junk food intake. This is because processed food will lose all its vitamins, minerals and fiber makes junk foods into the sources of empty calories that nutritionists disparage. Children who eat a lot of junk foods may develop nutritional deficiencies that lead to low energy, mood swings, sleep disturbance and poor academic achievement, among other health conditions. Obesity is also another disease cause by the side effects of junk food intake. Obesity statics from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey in 2006 showed that 43% of Malaysian adults were obese or overweight at that time. This shows that the rate of obesity in Malaysia is at an alarming state and needs to be curbed before it gets out of hand. Furthermore, when someone is diagnosed with obesity they will be more prone to other serious illness such as high blood pressure, heart attack and also hypertension. With this, it is important to educate 4

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the public of the importance of a healthy diet and the effects caused by excessive junk food intake. Besides that, eating junk food will also influence your social life. The high levels of sugar which is also known as high fructose corn syrup in junk food puts your metabolism under stress, when you eat refined sugar, your pancreas secretes high amounts of insulin to prevent a dangerous spike in blood sugar levels. This has many forms of implication in your health issue. In addition, junk food can cause moodiness, and make it difficult to get enough sleep at night, so energy levels are never restored to normal. When you have an abnormal energy level, you will find it hard to participate your social lifestyle. You will find it hard to mix around with friends and engage in daily activities without feeling tired and exhausted easily. Thus, to maintain a happy and balanced lifestyle, a proper diet is essential. In a nutshell it is certain that role played by health education is indispensable. However, many parties such as the parents, school and social media play in important role in curbing the consumption of junk food. Parents should train their kids to practice a healthy lifestyle by guiding them by being an excellent role model. School teachers could help by providing the essential education of the importance of eating healthy food and the consequences of consuming junk food. ( 680 words)

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OUMH2103

SECTION B

Greenhouse gases are a group of gases that are able to absorb energy from the sun in the Earth's atmosphere. When the sunray penetrates the ozone layer and reaches the earth, some of the heat energy is trapped by the greenhouse gases and some are reflected off the atmosphere . This natural process is called the greenhouse effect. Heat passes through the Earth's atmosphere on its way towards space, some of it is trapped by the different greenhouse gases and doesn't escape into space. This causes more heat to be kept in the atmosphere which in turn warms up the Earth, just like the windows of a greenhouse that lets light in and keeps the heat within to warm the plants growing inside. However, in recent years due to the human activities such as the industrial revolution, clearing of forest and 6

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usage of fuels for the vehicles have increased the amount of greenhouses gases. Thus, when there are more greenhouse gases, more heat gets trapped. Increases in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere enhance the greenhouse effect which is creating global warming and consequently climate change. The forest and plants plays an important role in maintaining and balancing the natural cycle. Concurrently, they eliminate and reduce carbon dioxide by absorbing them to make to produce oxygen which is essential to all living things on earth .On the other hand, when humans clear the forest and cut down trees, more carbon dioxide is trapped in the earths atmosphere. This continuous cycle of trapping escaping heat leads to an overall increase in the temperature of the Earth. Besides that, the carbon dioxide emitted by the combustion of fossil fuels in the industrial activities and the emission on vehicle exhaust are also the primary cause of dangerous spike in the greenhouse gases. According to the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (2008), EPA, the main source of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide is caused by the transportation. This means that the vehicles used by humans to transport good and travel around emits a high amount of dangerous gases into the atmosphere cause the greenhouse gases to trap more heat. In addition to that, nitrous oxide gas which is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during the combustion of fossil fuels and solid wastes also contributes in the effects of greenhouses gases. On the whole, the major cause of the greenhouse effect is the implication of human activities. In order to create a balanced biological carbon cycle, humans must reduce the emissions of harmful greenhouse gasses and stop deforestation. This is because, if the greenhouse effect is not controlled from now on, it will result in global warming and serious climate change issues which will be very harmful to all of us. (470 words)

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OUMH2103

Bibliography

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect

2. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/grnhse.html

3. http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/greenhouseeffect/?ar_a=1

4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junk_food

5. http://nutriweb.org.my/publications/mjn0014_1/mjn14n1_art2.pdf

6. Le TH, Le BM & Nguyen CK (2003).Trendsin food production and food consumptionin Vietnam during the period 1980-2000.