St.

Andrews Junior College H2 Chemistry 2013 Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry

Assignment 3 : Titration 1. 5.13 g of washing soda crystals (hydrated sodium carbonate) were dissolved in
water and made up to 250 cm3 of solution in a volumetric flask. A 25.0 cm 3 portion of the solution required 25.90 cm3 of 0.0690 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid solution for neutralisation. Calculate the percentage of anhydrous sodium carbonate in the crystals. [Ans: 36.9%] Na2CO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O no. of moles of H2SO4 = 25.90 0.0690 =1.787110 3 mol. 1000

no. of moles of Na2CO3 in 25.0 cm3 = 1.7871 10-3 mol. no. of moles of Na2CO3 in 250 cm3 =1.7871 10-2 mol. Mass of Na2CO3 = 1.8943 g Percentage =
1.8943 100% = 36.9% 5.13

2. Solid FA 1 is a mixture of potassium chloride, KC l and potassium carbonate,

K2CO3. Solution FA 2 contains 30.0 g of FA 1 per dm3. Solution FA 3 contains 0.200 mol dm-3 HCl. Solution FA 4 contains 6.00 g of NaOH per dm3. In an experiment, 20.0 cm3 of FA 2 was added to 40.0 cm3 (an excess) of FA 3 so that the K2CO3 completely reacted. The acid remaining required 18.00 cm 3 of FA 4 for reaction. Calculate the percentage of KCl in FA 1. [Ans: 39.0%] no. of moles of HCl added = (40.0/1000) x 0.2 = 0.008 mol no. of moles of NaOH = (18.00/1000) x 6.00/40 = 0.0027 mol no. of moles of excess HCl = 0.0027 mol no. of moles of HCl reacted = 0.008 0.0027 = 0.0053 mol no. of moles of K2CO3 in 20.0 cm3 of FA2 = x 0.0053 = 0.00265 mol

no. of moles of K2CO3 in 1 dm3 of FA2 = 0.00265 / 0.02 = 0.1325 mol mass of K2CO3 in 1 dm3 of FA2 = 0.1325 x 138.2 = 18.312 g % of K2CO3 = (18.312 / 30) x 100 % = 61.04 % % of KCl = 100 61.04 = 39.0 %

3. Solution FA1 contains 15.6 g dm-3 of hydrated sodium dihydrogenphosphate(V)

NaH2PO4.2H2O. Solution FA2 contains 1.52 g dm-3 of OH ions. 25.0 cm3 of FA1 was titrated with FA2 using phenolphthalein as indicator. It was 28.00 cm of FA2 was used. (i) Calculate the number of moles of OH which reacted with one mole of dihydrogenphosphate(V) during the titration. (ii) Write an equation for the reaction between the dihydrogenphosphate( V) ions and the hydroxide ions when phenolphthalein was used as an indicator. [Ans: 1 mol] (i) [OH-] =
1.52 = 0.089412 mol dm-3 17.0
3

found

that

no. of moles of OH- used = 0.089412 Mr of NaH2PO4.2H2O = 156 [NaH2PO4.2H2O] =

28.00 = 2.5035 x 10-3 mol 1000

15.6 = 0.100 mol dm-3 156

25.0 no. of moles of NaH2PO4.2H2O used = 0.1 = 2.50 x 10-3 mol 1000 1 mole of OH- reacts with 1 mole of H2PO4 during the reaction (ii) H2PO4 + OH HPO42 + H2O

4. 1.00 g of a sample of ammonium chloride was boiled with excess NaOH solution.
The ammonia evolved was absorbed was absorbed in 125 cm 3 of 0.8 mol dm-3 H2SO4. The solution was then made up to 250 cm3 with distilled water, and 25.0 cm3 of this required 35.10 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 NaOH for neutralisation. Calculate the percentage of ammonia in ammonium chloride. [Ans: 41.7%] NH4Cl + NaOH 2NH3 + H2SO4 NH3 + NaCl + H2O (NH4)2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O

H2SO4 + 2NaOH

no. of moles of NaOH = 35.10/1000 x 0.5 = 0.01755 mol no. of moles of excess H2SO4 in 25 cm3 = x 0.01755 = 0.008775 mol no. of moles of H2SO4 in 250 cm3 = 0.008775 X 10 = 0.08775 mol no. of moles of H2SO4 added = 125/1000 x 0.8 = 0.100 mol no. of moles of H2SO4 reacted = 0.1 0.08775 = 0.01225 mol no. of moles of NH3 reacted = 2 x 0.01225 = 0.0245 mol mass of NH3 = 0.0245 x 17 = 0.4165 g % of NH3 = 0.4165 / 1 x 100 % = 41.7 %

5. 0.800 g of CaCO3 was dissolved in 150 cm3 of HCl solution, and the excess acid
required 40.00 cm3 of a certain NaOH solution for neutralisataion. 20.0 cm3 of this NaOH solution neutralised 24.00 cm3 of the original HCl. Calculate the concentration of the HCl and NaOH solutions. [Ans: HCl 0.157 mol dm-3, NaOH 0.188 mol dm-3] CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

Let M1 be the concentration of HCl solution Let M2 be the concentration of NaOH solution no. of moles of NaOH = no. of moles of HCl 20/1000 M2 = 24/1000 M1 M2 = 1.2 M1 (1)

no. of moles of NaOH = 40.00/1000 x M2 = 0.040 M2 no. of moles of excess HCl = 0.040 M2 no. of moles of HCl added = 150/1000 M1 = 0.15 M1 no. of moles of HCl reacted = 0.15 M1 0.04 M2 no. of moles of CaCO3 = (0.15M1 0.04M2)/2 mass of CaCO3 = 0.8 = (0.15M1 0.04M2)/2 x 100.1 Sub (1) into (2) 0.0079920 = [ 0.15 M1 0.04(1.2 M1) ] / 2 0.0079920= [ 0.15M1 0.048M1) ] / 2 0.015984 = 0.102 M1 (2)

M1 = 0.15671 M2 = 1.2 (0.15671) = 0.18805 Concentration of HCl = 0.157 mol dm-3

Concentration of NaOH = 0.188 mol dm-3