CAPITOL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Cagayan de Oro City

MECHANICS OF FLUIDS
EXPERIMENT NO. __1_____ Density & Specific Gravity of Liquid
TITLE

EVALUATION RATING:

DATE PERFORMED: June 27,2013 DATE DUE: July 4, 2013

I Hand-on Performance (25 pts.) Criteria Actual Score

SUBMITTED BY: SERANILLA, OFELIA E.

STUDENT

SUBMITTED TO: Engr. Kim Haskell F. Cagata

INSTRUCTOR

Manifestations of skills in manipulating equipments, apparatuses, materials etc. (10 pts.) Following procedures correctly (5 pts.) Working closely and sharing ideas with groupmates (5 pts.) Observing laboratory rules and maintaining order in laboratory premises (5 pts.) Correctness of data and computations (5 pts.) Analysis of Results (5 pts.) Appropriateness of conclusions (5 pts.) Correctness of answers to evaluation questions (5 pts.) Presentation of figures and report write-ups (5 pts.)

II. Laboratory Report (25 pts)

REMARKS:

Total Score (50 pts.)

___1st__________ SEMESTER SCHOOL YEAR: 2013-2o14

Experiment 1 Density and Specific Gravity of Liquid OBJECTIVES: This experiment aims for the students to: a.) b.) c.) d.) Recall and proper measurements of weights and volumes. Describe U tube manometers and its hydrostatic principle. Explain the concept of hydrometer. Solve the specific gravity and density of a given liquid using: 1.) Volumetric method 2.) U tube manometers 3.) Hydrometers

SIGNIFICANCE: The result of this experiment can be used in the computations of unit pressures develop by any liquid and the computation of the weight of a certain volume of liquid and for the buoyancy as well. APPARATUS: 1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.) 6.) Graduated Cylinder Meter Stick Weighting Balance Beaker Hydrometer Manometer Set 7.) Gage Liquid (mercury) 8.) Funnel 9.) Cotton 10.) Thermometer 11.) Any Liquid of Unknown Specific Gravity

PROCEDURE: A. VOLUMETRIC METHOD: 1.) Weight the empty graduated cylinder. Record its weight (kg). 2.) Pour the liquid of unknown specific gravity just enough to fill graduated cylinder to its desired level. Record the volume (m3). 3.) Weight again the graduated cylinder, but now, with liquid in it (kg). 4.) Compute the density and specific gravity using:

density ( )

mass (kg) volume (m 3 )

kg mass density of any liquid 3 m specific gravity ( sp. gr.) kg mass density of water at 4 0 C 3 m

mass density of water at 4 0 C 1000

5.) Tabulate the data and results. 6.) Record the temperature of the liquid B. TUBE MANOMETERS:

kg m3

1.) Pour some amount of liquid mercury (whose mass density is determined as in Set up A) inside the U tube, approximately ten (10) cubic centimeters. 2.) Pour some amount of liquid of unknown specific gravity (the same liquid as in A) into one side of the U tube. 3.) Measure the difference in liquid level of each liquid. Record. 4.) Compute the mass density by hydrostatic principle. 5.) Compute the specific gravity. 6.) Tabulate the data and results. C. HYDROMETERS: 1.) Pour some amount of liquid (same as in Set up A) into the beaker enough for the hydrometer to stand upright in the liquid. 2.) Place the hydrometer in the liquid and let it float freely in the upright position. 3.) Read and record the reading in the calibration of the hydrometer which represents the specific gravity of the liquid. FIGURES: SET UP A

SET UP B

SET UP C

DATA AND COMPUTATIONS: A. VOLUMETRIC METHOD: Liquid use is: __oil___________________________ Temperature: ____30_________ 0 C Weight of empty graduated cylinder, W1 Weight of cylinder plus liquid, W2 Weight of liquid, W3 = W2 - W1 Volume of liquid, V Mass density, = W /V 3 Specific Gravity, sp. gr. = / 1000 B. U TUBE MANOMETERS: Magnitude 0.3425 0.7022 0.3597 0.0004 899.25 0.89925 Unit kg kg kg m3 kg/m3

The difference in fluid height in a liquid column manometer is proportional to the pressure difference.

Liquid use is: ___________________________________ Temperature: _____________ 0 C

Magnitude Mass density of mercury, Height of liquid, Differential height of mercury, Ratio of h1 to h2, Mass density of liquid, Specific Gravity, C. HYDROMETERS: Liquid use is: __oil______________________ Temperature: ____30_________ 0 C Specific gravity: Reading on the calibration(sp. gr.) Mass density of the liquid, = sp. gr. (1000) Magnitude 0.89925 899.25

Hg
h2 h1 R = h1/h2 = Hg (R)

Unit kg/m3 m m kg/m3

sp. gr. = / 1000

Unit kg/m3

SUMMARY OF RESULTS: