SIY, Janelle Angela O. STA. ANA, Mary Jane S. SY, Samantha Hope A. TURINGAN, Kevin G.

YAP, Fraz Joseph Theodore B. YUCHONGCO, James Christian J. Group 8 Resultant and Equilibrant Forces Experiment No. 4 ABSTRACT

July 30, 2013, Tuesday

The experiment was done to determine the resultant and equilibrant forces of different combinations of forces. The students used a force table and three forces namely, F1, F2, and F3, in determining these two forces. The setup consisted of a force table with three pulleys attached at certain angles that gave pathways to three strings that are attached to a ring at the center and three weight holders that are suspended at the sides. The materials were placed on the force table in such a way that Parallelogram Method is applicable in finding the resultant forces of the three possible combinations of the forces. The magnitude and direction of the computed resultant forces were determined through the usage of the analytical method. On the other hand, the magnitude and direction of the experimental resultant forces were computed by following the generalization that the resultant force is the negative or opposite of the equilibrant while the magnitude and direction of the equilibrant resultant forces were computed by following the generalization that the equilibrant is the force that is not included in the addition of two forces. It was observed that the values of the computed resultant forces showed a little deviance to the values of the experimental resultant forces.

ANSWERS TO GUIDE QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 1. Differentiate the resultant and equilibrant of two forces. Resultant force is the result of the combination of two or more forces while equilibrant force is the force that will make the forces to be in equilibrium when added to the resultant force.

2. If three concurrent forces are in equilibrium, what is the relation between any one of the three forces and the resultant of the other two forces? The concurrent forces are the resultant forces of the possible combinations of any two forces. Any one that is not added to the other two will be the equilibrant force. Since the equilibrant force makes the forces to go under the state

of equilibrium, the sum of the equilibrant force and the resultant force is zero. That means that they have the same magnitude but different direction.

3. If two forces with the same magnitude were exactly in opposite directions, what is the magnitude and direction of their resultant? What is the magnitude and direction of their equilibrant? Since the two forces have the same magnitude but opposite directions, they will just cancel out. The resultant will have a magnitude of 0 N and there will be no direction. Since the two forces have a magnitude of 0 N, the equilibrant will also have a magnitude of 0 N and there will be also no direction.

4. Use the component method to find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the following forces: A = 2000.0 N at 0 B = 1500.0 N at 60 C = 1000.0 N at 150 D = 3800.0 N at 225 A B C D 2000.0 N, 0 1500.0 N, 60 1000.0 N, 150 3800.0 N, 225 2000.0 N, 0 1500.0 N, 60 1000.0 N, 150 3800.0 N, 225 x 2000.0 N (cos 0) 1500.0 N (cos 60) 1000.0 N (cos 150) 3800.0 N (cos 225) x 2000 N 750 N -866 N -2687 N y 2000.0 N (sin 0) 1500.0 N (sin 60) 1000.0 N (sin 150) 3800.0 N (sin 225) y 0N 1299 N 500 N -2687 N -888 N

A B C D

R= -803 N ____________ Magnitude of R = (Fx)2 + (Fy)2 = (-803 N)2 + (-888 N)2 = 1197.23 N Direction of R = tan-1 |y/x| = tan-1 |-888 N / -803 N| = 47.88 at Q3 = 180 + 47.88 = 227.88

5. A body weighing 100.0 N is suspended by a rope. A second rope attached to the body is drawn aside horizontally until the suspended rope makes an angle of 30 with vertical. Find the tension in each rope. T1
30

T2 T1x

T1y
60

W (100.0 N) In order to offset the weight of the body, T1y must be equal to it. T1y = 100.0 N T1(sin 60) = 100.0 N T1 = 115.5 N Since the body is not moving, there is equilibrium between T 2 and T1x. T1x = 115.5 N (cos 60) = 57.75 N T2 = T1x = 57.75 N