How is the working principle of load shedding in power plants, and what are the terms of the installation.

2 days ago

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FrdricUnfollow Follow Frdric Frdric Alliet Hi Budi, For what I have seen, the idea of load shedding in power plant is to disconnect from the grid in case of a major problem and to "save" the power plant on an islanded mode. I have seen several principles : For "major power plants" : minimum frequency. For "small power plant" : df/dt or vector jump. The main difference is that major power plants are supposed to support the frequency, so they would trip for such a low frequency that the grip is "already lost". While for small power plants, we detect the fact that the power plant is not connected to a "major generator" any more and that nothing is holding the frequency. Hope this helps.

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HalimUnfollow Follow Halim Halim Bensmaia In general, load shedding can be defined as the amount of load that must almost be instantly removed from a power system to keep the remaining portion of the system operational. This load reduction is in response to a system disturbance (and consequent possible additional disturbances) that results in a generation-deficiency condition. Common disturbances that can cause this condition to occur include faults, loss of generation, system islanding, switching errors, sand storms and lightning strikes. When a power system is exposed to a disturbance, its dynamics and transient responses, including synchronous , generator rotor angle, frequency, and voltage dynamics, are mainly controlled through two major dynamic loops. One is the synchronous generator excitation including automatic voltage regulator (AVR) loop that will control the generator reactive power output and system voltage. Another is the prime-mover (including speed governor) loop, which will control the generator active power output and system frequency. As explanations included previously, there are the frequency and df/dt monitoring but unfortunately it is not enough and we have a lot of parameters and non linerarities to monitor in a power systems to make the load shedding reliable, fast enough and safe enough. Engineers have also introcuced PLC and communications in the past to include more I/Os , calculations, logic and monitoring for the load shedding schemes and their complexities. Because of the inherent drawbacks of existing loadshedding schemes, an Intelligent Load System is necessary to improve response time, accurately predict the system frequency decay, and make a fast, optimum, and reliable load-shedding decision. Frequency relays do not detect disturbances but react to them. Unlike simple contingency-based, load-shedding schemes from protection class equipment, a modern ILS system must have a multitude of capabilities. 8 hours ago
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Budi H.Unfollow Follow Budi H. Budi H. Keliat thanks for the help, this is very helpful for me.
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Thaung MyintUnfollow Follow Thaung Myint Thaung Myint Henry Wan Load share between parallel operating generators and the grid? To pick-up load raise excitation of Gen., etc.
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mohammadUnfollow Follow mohammad mohammad seifi In point of SCADA view, load shedding mostly initiate by under frequency relay. right now load will shed blindly to prevent network disaster, however we can think about smart load shedding algorithm specially in distribution level to have sophisticated method of

outage. the reverse action after shedding load are called restoration that may have different sequence.
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MiguelitoUnfollow Follow Miguelito Miguelito Abrasaldo Normally, load shedding is done at the primary substation to reduce loads at the feeders during loss of generation or system faults. This is to maintain stability of the system. However, load shedding can also be implemented at the power plant level by automatically adjusting generator outputs. This is done during system fault that resulted to loss of loads and caused the system frequency and voltage to rise at critical level. There are many ways to do this, but basically a feedback is sent to the governor to reduce intake of fuel, water or steam. These feedback is usually sent by a voltage sensor or a frequency sensor. But not all plants have this kind of generator control. If your governor is in droop mode at the time of incidence, it must be able to adjust incrementally the generator output at a very fast rate without tripping out the turbine. Unless your turbine-generator is specifically designed for this type of control, I recommend the tripping of the unit rather than putting an additional load shedding feature to your existing control.
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JohnUnfollow Follow John John Kontolefa Where I work, schemes to drop load down at the substation or large commercial supply point is called LOAD SHEDDING. Under frequency can be used, but operating experience has shown these to be of limited utility in that they often operate "too late" to save the system. Better schemes relay on protective relays that detect swings or transmission flows to effect load shedding - although these are typically part of islanding schemes - cutting lose a neighbor to prevent your system from being dragged down. Schemes at plants to rapidly reduce generation are called LOAD REJECTION schemes and are designed to prevent transmission problems. These are triggered by protective relays and generally interface directly with governors or other generator control systems to immediately reduce geneation by mechanical means when an assoicated protcted relay operation occurs. "Fast Valving" was one scheme that was applied at some Steam Plants in conjunction with fast protection schemes such as single pole tripping to try to improve system stability.
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PaulUnfollow Follow Paul Paul Chomba Fellows LOAD SHADING is simply nocking off/streaming down the load when the generating capacity is not/less than the utilisation demand,when this occurs control room attendants will communicate to substation suppritendants to switch off some feeders amounting to the load which is in excess which is straining the generating station,this is mainly in peak hours or when maintenance is being carried on on one or two generators.
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RajenUnfollow Follow Rajen Rajen Jethwa Pak Budi, other popular concept other than under frequency load shedding is Dynamic Power base Load Shedding system which usually used in power islands. Means multiple TG sets are connected on same bus and forming small grid island. In this case Multiple Steam generating by boilers are converted in terms equivalent MW generation. So in case of tripping of boiler because of any reason, some load is shaded based on priority set to save complete power island from collapse. In Dynamic power base load shedding, consumer load is shaded based on Input power flow and output power flow balancing. All the energy generating/supplying sources (whether is is grid power or steam generating boiler or DG set) are monitored in terms of immediate power supplying capacity for balancing power. It is also being used for controlling the Maximum demand limit from grid to save from penalty in synchronized TG operation. Normally, under frequency load shading is working as backup of Dynamic power base load shading system.
8 hours ago