Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:

SAP2000 2

EXAMPLE 5-006
SOLID SCORDELIS-LO ROOF WITH STATIC LOADS PROBLEM DESCRIPTION In this example, a single span, cylindrical barrel vault roof is analyzed for gravity loads. The vertical deflection at the center of the free edge is compared with published theoretical results. In addition, displacement and bending moment results along the support and along the central section are compared with published results. The geometry, properties and loading are as suggested in MacNeal and Harder 1985. The 3-inch-thick roof spans longitudinally 50 feet between supports. It is simply supported (Uz restrained) at its curved ends and is free along the straight edges. The roof has a 25-foot radius and a central angle of 40. As suggested in MacNeal and Harder 1985, only a quarter of the roof is modeled. A 16x16x1 mesh is used for the quarter roof. Symmetry conditions are imposed by restraining the Ux degree of freedom at the top and bottom of the solid objects along the edge of the roof between joints 1, 290 and 273, 562, restraining the Uy degree of freedom at the top and bottom of the solid objects along the edge of the roof between joints 273, 562 and 289, 578, and restraining both the Ux and Uy degrees of freedom at joints 273, 562. LOADING The loading for this example is a 90 psf gravity load, that is, a uniform load on the surface area in the -Z direction of 90 psf. To test different types of loading, the load is input two different ways in two different load cases, as shown in the following table. Load Case SELF GRAV Load Type Self Weight Gravity Load

The unit weight of the concrete is set to 360 lb/ft3 so that the self weight and gravity loads will be 90 psf.

EXAMPLE 5-006 - 1

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:

SAP2000 2

GEOMETRY AND PROPERTIES

Material Properties E = 432,000,000 lb/ft2 = 0.0 G = 216,000,000 lb/ft2 Section Properties Thickness = 3 in Loading Gravity Load = 90 lb/ft2 (Uniform load on surface area in the Z direction)

241

273, 562

Sym 281, 570 289, 578

Sym
256

17 18, 307 1, 290

2
5 0'

Free 2, 291 1 9, 298

25'

Boundary Conditions Simply supported at ends (i.e., along curved edges)

40

1 17, 306

Z Y X 1, 290 - Joint number (bottom, top) 1 - Solid object number

R=

EXAMPLE 5-006 - 2

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:

SAP2000 2

TECHNICAL FEATURES OF SAP2000 TESTED Three-dimensional analysis using solid objects Self weight applied to solid objects Gravity load applied to shell objects RESULTS COMPARISON The independent result for the vertical deflection at the center of the free edge is published in MacNeal and Harder 1985. The independent results for displacements and bending moments along the support and along the central section are scaled from plotted results provided in Zienkiewicz 1977, which are calculated using the theory presented in Scordelis and Lo 1964. Vertical Deflection at Center of Free Edge Output Parameter Uz ft Average of joints 289 and 578 -0.3120 -0.3086 +1% SAP2000 Independent Percent Difference

Axial Deformations at Support Angle 0 Output Parameter Uy ft Avg. of joints 1 and 290 Uy ft Avg. of joints 9 and 298 Uy ft Avg. of joints 17 and 306 SAP2000 0.0001 Independent* 0.0004 Percent Difference** -2%

20

0.0027

0.0030

-2%

40
*

-0.0126

-0.0125

+1%

Independent results are scaled (estimated) from Figure 13.11c on page 350 in Zienkiewicz 1977. ** Percent difference is calculated with respect to the maximum independent value, 0.0125.

EXAMPLE 5-006 - 3

Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:

SAP2000 2

Vertical Displacement at Central Section Angle 0 Output Parameter Uz ft Avg. of joints 273 and 562 Uz ft Avg. of joints 281 and 570 Uz ft Avg. of joints 289 and 578 SAP2000 0.031 Independent* 0.048 Percent Difference** -5%

20

-0.091

-0.080

+3%

40
*

-0.312

-0.315

-1%

Independent results are scaled (estimated) from Figure 13.11b on page 350 in Zienkiewicz 1977. ** Percent difference is calculated with respect to the maximum independent value, 0.315.

COMPUTER FILE: CONCLUSIONS

Example 5-006

In general the SAP2000 results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results. The comparisons with the published theoretical value of the vertical deflection at the center of the free edge have about a 1% difference. The comparison of the displacements along the support and along the central section is good considering that the independent results are scaled from published graphical results. The uniform load on the surface area in the -Z direction is input as a self weight and a gravity load in two different load cases. The results for the two load cases are identical.

EXAMPLE 5-006 - 4