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Automatic Source Changeover Schemes (ACO)

Posted by Hameedullah Ekhlas 11 hours ago - 74 views - Filed in Power Systems

An Automatic-Changeover (ACO) scheme enables supply from either of two sources in support of a single load. These types of schemes are normally used in support of a critical load such as a hospital to ensure that alternate supply is always available in the event of power failure. Such a scheme requires switches with proven reliability and a degree of automation which removes any necessity for the customer to become involved in the switching process. The bushing-mounted voltage sensors of the RL-Series switch mean that a costeffective source-changeover scheme can be implemented for loads where security of supply is vital.

A recloser is used in the feeder connecting the preferred supply to the load. This recloser is configured as the Master Device. and is Normally Closed. The alternate supply is connected to the load via a Normally Open Load Break Switch which is the slave device. The master and slave devices communicate via an ACO communications link. This allows the master to monitor the supply availability and to send commands to the slave device. Status information can be transmitted via DNP3 communications to the control centre if required. When the preferred supply is lost due to an upstream fault condition, the controller at the closed Master Device automatically trips the recloser and then instructs the Slave Device to close. This sequence automatically connects the load to the alternative supply. When the Master Device controller detects that the fault condition has been cleared and the preferred supply source has been restored, it automatically restores supply back to the normal configuration. The changeover of supply will not commence if supply has been lost downstream of the recloser due to a fault condition resulting in it tripping to lockout. In this situation the Slave Device would remain open.

Loop Automation

Loop Automation automatically reconfigures a feeder network affected by an outage when an alternative source of supply is available. The alternative source is typically a second feeder connected via a normally open point. The normally open point can be a sectionaliser that ties the feeders together, known as the Tie sectionaliser. A Feeder Recloser is located between the substation breaker and the Tie sectionaliser. Each of the switches in a loop automation scheme is programmed to behave in accordance with a set of logic rules specific to its location on the network. Communication is not required for a loop automation network. Power is restored to the healthy parts of the network by using:

1-

Voltage

sensing

at

each

bushing

(to

determine

the

loss

of

supply);

2- Logical rules (specific to each switchgear position) to determine the switches action; and 3- User configurable timer (a delay to systematically reconfigure each switch when required).

Figure : Basic Configuration of a Standard Loop Automation Network Loop Automation with a sectionaliser as Tie uses a trigger based on the Dead Times of the upstream reclosers to determine the fault location. The Tie will only close for faults upstream of the Feeder Recloser. This restores power to the network up to the Feeder Recloser. Reference: 1. Schneider Electricl Company 2. NU LEC Industries

Article Tags: #Recloser #Automatic Source Changeover Schemes #Loop Automation #Schneider Electricl Company #NU LEC Industries #Logical rules #ACO #changeover Share Report Print Article - See more at: http://www.zone4info.com/articles/525/automatic-source-changeover-schemesaco#sthash.7QkwfXNd.dpuf

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