Tadena, Jesse Israel F.

BSN405 Group 20 - A

DRUG NAME

DRUG CLASS IFICA TION

DRUG ACTION

INDICATION/ DOSAGE

CONTRAIN ADVERSE DICATION EFFECTS S

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

Generic Name : cefuroxime, cefuroxime axetil, cefuroxi me sodium

Brand Name: Ceftin , Zinacef

Classifi cation: Antibiot ic, Cephalo sporin (second generati on)

Cefuroxim e binds to one or more of the penicillinbinding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpepti dation step of peptidogly can synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthes is and arresting

Pharyngitis, tonsillitis caused by Streptococc us pyogenes Otitis media caused by Streptococc us pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis Lower respiratory infections caused by S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, H. influenzae UTIs caused by Escherichia

Hypersen sitivity to cephalosp orins.

Large doses can cause cerebral irritation and convulsion s; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, GI disturbance s; erythema multiforme , StevensJohnson syndrome, epidermal necrolysis. Potentially Fatal: Ana phylaxis, nephrotoxi city, pseudome mbranous

Assessment

History: Hepatic and renal impairment, lactation, pregnancy Physical: Skin status, LFTs, renal function tests, culture of affected area, sensitivity tests

Interventions

Culture infection, and arrange for sensitivity tests before and during therapy if expected response is not seen. Give oral drug

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.

coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae Uncomplicated gonorrhea (urethral and endocervical) Dermatologic infections, including impetigo caused by Streptococc us aureus, S. pyogenes Treatment of early Lyme disease

colitis.

with food to decrease GI upset and enhance absorption. Give oral drug to children who can swallow tablets; crushing the drug results in a bitter, unpleasant taste. Have vitamin K available in case hypoprothrombin emia occurs. Discontinue if hypersensitivity reaction occurs.

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

DRUG NAME

DRUG CLASS IFICA TION

DRUG ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDI CATIONS

ADVERSE EFFECTS

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

Generic Name: Diclofenac Sodium Brand Name: Voltar en, VoltarenXR

Classifi

Analgesic and Potent antipyretic cations: inhibitor of effects in central cyclooxygena symptomatic nervous se, thereby treatment system decreasing the of rheumatoid synthesis of agent; arthritis, prostaglandins osteoarthritis, nsaid;an . andankylosing algesic; spondylitis. Also nonnarc acute gout; otic;anti juvenile rheumat pyretic oid arthritis; various rheumatic conditions includingbursitis , myalgia, sciatica, and tendinitis; acute soft tissue injuries including sprains and strains;

Hypersensitivit y to diclofenac, patie nts in whom asthma, urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, severe rhinitis, shock, or other sensitivity reaction is precipitated by aspirin or other NSAIDS, pregn ancy (category B), lactation.

Assessment & Drug Effects Monitor for therapeutic ache, drowsiness. effectiveness. Up to 3 Tinnitus. wks may be need for Skin:Rash, pruritus. beneficial effects with rheumatoid GI:Dyspepsia, nause arthritis or osteoarthritis. a, vomiting, Lab tests: Periodic liver abdominal pain, function, serum uric acid cramps, constipation, concentrations Hct, diarrhea, indigestion, PT/INR, and bloodglucose. abdominal Observe and report signs distension, flatulence, of bleeding (e.g., peptic ulcer; liver petechiae, ecchymoses, enzymes, bleeding gums, bloody transaminases or black stools, cloudy or bloody urine). increased, liver test Monitor BP for abnormalities. hypertension and blood CV:Fluid retention, sugar for hyperglycemia. hypertension, CHF. Monitor diabetics Respiratory:Asthma closely for loss of diabetic control. . Monitor for increased CNS:Dizziness,head

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

dysmenorrhea; headache, migraine, and dental, minor surgical, and postpartum pain; and renal or biliary colic. Ophthalmic: Cataract surgery; photophobia associated with refractive surgery. Topical Treatment ofactinic keratosis

BodyWhole:Back,le g, or joint pain. Endocrine:Hypergly cemia. Hematologic:Prolon ged bleeding time; inhibits platelet aggregation.

serum sodium and potassium in patients receiving potassiumsparing diuretics. Monitor weight and report gains greater than 1 kg (2 lb)/24 h. Monitor for signs and symptoms of GI irritation and ulceration. Patient & Family Education Oral Form Do not lie down for 15 30 min after taking medicine to decrease esophageal irritation. Discontinue use with onset of ringing or buzzing in the ears, impaired hearing, dizziness, GI discomfort, or bleeding and notify physician. Do not take aspirin or other OTC analgesics without permission of the physician. Avoid alcohol or other CNS depressants.

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICA TION OF DRUG

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICAT ION

CONTRAINDIC ATION

ADVERSE EFFECTS

NURSING INTERVENTION AND PRECAUTION > assess pt.s pain before therapy >monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions >advice pt. not to take drug for more than 7 days >advice pt. to report immediately persistence or failure to relieve pain

Mefenamic acid Brand Name: Dolfena

Non-Steroidal AntiInflammatory Drug (NSAIDS)

Mefenamic acid is a competitive inhibitor of COX-1 and COX2, which are responsible for the first committed step in prostaglandin biosynthesis.[3] Decre asing the activity of these enzymes thus reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are implicated in inflammation and pain processes.

Relief of pain including muscular,r heumatic, traumatic, dental, post-op and post partum pain, headache, migraine, fever, dysmenorr hea

Pregnancy & lactation, hypersensitivity, active ulceration or chronic inflammation of either upper or lower GIT, blood disorders, poor platelet function, kidney or liver impairment, children < 14 yrs

PRECAUTION:If rash occurs, administration should be stopped, asthmatics, Hx of liver and kidney disease. ADVERSE RXN GIdiscomfort, diarrhea or constipation, gas pain, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICA TION OF DRUG

MECHAN ISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAIN DICATION

ADVERSE EFFECTS

NURSING INTERVENTION AND PRECAUTION Obtain pt.s Hx of allergy Assess pt. for any s/s of infection Assess for pt.s sensitivity to penicillin or other cephalosporins Assess for allergic rxn during therapy Assess for bowel pattern if diarrhea should be discontinue

Co Amoxiclav Brand Name: Natravox

Prevents bacterial Anti infective cell wall - penicillins synthesis during replication

~ Upper respiratory tract infections (including ENT) - sinusitis, otitis media, recurrent tonsillitis. These infections are often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes. ~Lower respiratory tract infections-acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, bronchopneumonia,urinary -tract infections often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. ~Genito-urinary tract and abdominal infections in

Hypersensiti vity to penicillins, cephalospori ns. Not used to treat pneumonia, bacteremia pericarditis during acute stage.

PRECAUTION: Hypersensitivity: rxn range from mild to threatening Adverse RXN: Dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, skin, itchy eyes, sore or dry mouth, abnormal taste sensation, diarrhea, rectal bleeding

Tadena, Jesse Israel F. BSN405 Group 20 - A

particular cystitis (especially when recurrent or complicated, but not prostatitis) septic abortion, pelvic or puerperal sepsis, and intra-abdominalsepsis. These infections are often caused by Enterobacteriaceae (mainly Escherichia coli),Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus species. Skin and soft tissues infections in particular, cellulites, animal bites, and severe dental abscess with spreading cellulites caused by Staphyloccocus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Bacteriodes species.