B) Use of Ductile Iron manhole covers

We are using Ductile Iron manhole covers instead of Cast Iron manhole covers for Heavy & Medium duty requirements since October 2006 in all our projects. (For D.I. only use Medium Duty and Heavy Duty covers, since in D.I. Light Duty has lesser load Bearing Capacity and Costlier than C.I.) Advantages of use of D.I. Covers 1] High strength Ductile Iron minimize the risk of failure during normal usage, offers exceptional resistance to impact in-situ, and reduces the like hood of losing through breakage in transit and loading. 2] Under normal condition of use, ductile iron castings are virtually unbreakable, unlike Grey Iron equivalents, which are prone to total failure due to brittleness of the material. 3] Less prone to corrosion, result in more life durability. 4] Chances of accidents are almost nil, as it does not break. 5] Suitable for heavy traffic loading and high speed. 6] Due to its lockable design, chances of theft are very less. 7] Available with good checkers design, result in good grip and good appearance. Comparison of Ductile Iron Manhole Covers v/s. Cast Iron Manhole Covers. DUCTILE IRON MANHOLE COVERS (DI) When molten iron is treated with small percentage of Magnesium, Cerium and other agents will cause a large proportion of Carbon to form as Spheriods of Graphite. Hence Ductility is obtained through Spheriod type of Graphite. Spheroid CAST IRON MANHOLE COVERS (CI) Molten Iron after solidification, a large portion of carbon will appear in flake forms. Hence Cast Iron is not ductile in nature.

Definition

2 3 4

Microstructure

Flake 150 N/mm2 Comparatively less load bearing capacity, although Weight & Section thickness of Manhole Cover is more. More section thickness, hence more weight. Medium Duty 10 MT Load Heavy Duty 20 MT Load. Sudden impact comparatively low. resistance is

Tensile 500 N/mm2 Strength Load Bearing More Load Bearing Capacity in Capacity Test conditions. Service Conditions, Impact load and Movable load Section Thickness Lesser section thickness hence lesser weight. Medium Duty 12.5 MT Load Heavy Duty 25 MT Load High sudden impact resistance Ductile Iron presents a bright steely surface when fractured

6 7 8

Impact Resistance Fractured Resistance Handling

Cast Iron given Grey Booty in colour when fractured.

Due to lesser weight, easy in Due to more weight, comparatively handling during transportation, difficult to handle during

installation & maintenance during transportation, service conditions maintenance conditions. 9. Cost Overall cot is cheaper by @ 1015% than CI.

installation & during service

Overall cost is comparatively more than DI.

Below details for ready reference.

NECO BRAND - MAN HOLE COVER DETAILS

Sr. No. Description Existing C.I. cover details 250 kg 250 kg 210 kg Proposed D.I. cover details 85 kg ( 600mm dia. ) 150 kg 90 kg Grade & Item code of D.I. covers C-250 / MC 12 C-250 / MR 9 C-250 / MS 6

01

For fire engine loads ( Heavy Duty )

A 560mm dia. round, for internal & external drainage B 900mm x 600mm rectangular, for DID / MTNL / S.W.D. etc. C 600mm x 600mm square, for rain water harvesting.

02

Where fire engine load is not there ( Medium Duty )

175 kg 175 kg 175 kg 80 kg ( 560mm dia. ) 75 kg 105 kg C-250 / MC 9 B-125 / MR 5 B-125 / MR 8

A 525mm dia. round, for internal drainage B 900mm x 450mm rectangular, for internal drainage. C 900mm x 600mm rectangular, for footpath area S.W.D. & internal drainage. ( not regularly reqd. )

03

For gardens / closed shafts ( Light Duty ) C.I.

100 kg 125 kg 100 kg 125 kg 115 kg 50 kg N.A. N.A. 50 kg N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. A-15 / MR 4 N.A. N.A. N.A.

A 525mm dia. round, for internal drainage B 900mm x 450mm rectangular, for internal drainage. C 900mm x 450mm rectangular, for water meter chamber D 900mm x 600mm rectangular, for internal drainage. ( not regularly reqd. ) E 600mm x 600mm square, for internal drainage, in duct. ( not regularly reqd. ) F 450mm x 450mm square, for internal drainage, in duct. ( not regularly reqd. )