Drugs used to treat CVD

Antihypertensive- drugs that reduce high blood pressure Tip: Notice that dizziness is a common side effect to all of the antihypertensives The blue parts are there to match the story with the side effects: The green parts help you make a link between the different stories & the name of the drug. Benefits of antihypertensive: The different types work in different ways so they can be given in combination. Also blood pressure can be monitored at home to see if the drugs are working. Antihypertensive Effect Side effects Stupid stories to help you remembe r the side effects A heart from a rhino(calle d ACE) went to Disneyland to dry his red kidneys Calcium

ACE Inhibitors

, Prevents angiotensin from being produced which normally causes arterial constriction & a rise in blood pressure.

abnormal heart rhythms dizziness dry cough Reduced kidney function

Blocks the calcium

constipation

Calcium Channel Blockers

channels in muscle cells found in the lining of arteries .Calcium is needed for muscles to contract. No calcium =no contraction of blood vessels; blood pressure is lowered: Increases the volume of urine produced in the kidneys which lower the volume of blood, lowering blood pressure.

abnormal heart rhythms dizziness flushing red in the face headaches swollen ankles

was a constipate d aborigine. He went to Disneyland Where his fluffy red hen head got stolen

Diuretics dizziness muscle cramps nausea

The dinosaur (on diuretics) got muscle cramps when he went to Narnia

Platelet inhibitory drugs-reduce the formation of blood clots They are a type of anticoagulant. They prevent platelets clumping together to form a blood clot. Eg. Aspirin and clopidogrel The story is truly ridiculous, but hopefully that will make it easier to remember.

Benefits of platelet inhibitors

Can be used to treat ppl who already have blood clots or CVD. They prevent blood clots from growing larger and new clots forming. They can t get rid of existing blood clots.

Risks
rash liver function problems nausea diarrhoea (learn how to spell it) Excessive bleeding-after a serious injury.

Stupid stories to help you remember the risks/side effects

At Mr Plate s restaurant a rat waiter went to serve a little fat priest his order. On a plate he had a nose .He apologised as they were out of diarrhoea sauce but said they had a delicious extra strong bleach sauce.

Anticoagulants- reduce blood clotting The blue parts are there to match the story with the side effects:

Benefits of anticoagulants

Stupid stories to help you Risks remember the risks/side effects They reduce Excessive bleeding Anne was having tea and blood clotting so coke with some ants. (if the person is there is less badly injured) that (Anticoagulants). chance of a The TV was on & they were can lead to: blood vessel watching her favourite fainting & becoming sometimes death. show.Extreme Bleating blocked by a Allergic reactions sheep. In this show a couple blood clot, of sheep were faking their osteoporosis reducing the risk death. swelling of the of CVD .As with An ostrich asked one of the tissues anticoagulants: sheep if they had any last Can be used to words and he said I m treat ppl who allergic to reading she already have angrily grabbed some blood clots or swearing tissues and showed CVD. them into the sheeps mouth. Eg. Warfarin

Plant Statins Benefits: Lower blood cholesterol levels which reduces atheroma formation, reducing the risk of CVD. How they work: Chemicals found in plants, stanols & sterols reduce the amount of cholesterol absorbed in the gut. Risks: Can reduce the absorption of some vitamins from the gut. Plant Statins Plant Statins reduce cholesterol in the blood Plants contain chemicals called stanols and sterols - these reduce cholesterol in humans by reducing the amount of cholesterol absorbed by the gut. A lower blood cholesterol level reduces atheroma formation, which reduces the risk of CVD You can buy foods with added plant statins Benefits - Statins reduce risk of developing CVD Risks - They can reduce the absorption of some vitamins from the gut.

Antihypertensives Antihypertensives reduce high blood pressure These drugs include; Diuretics - which cause more urine to be reduced, therefore reducing volume of blood Beta-blockers - which reduce the strength of the heartbeat

Vasodilaters - which widen the blood vessels All of these reduce blood pressure, so there is less damage occurring to the walls of the arteries. This reduces the risk of atheromas forming and blood clots Benefits - all work in different ways, so can be given in combination. Blood pressure can be monitered at home, patient can see if drugs are working Risks - Palpitations, abnormal heart rhythms, fainting, headaches, and drowsiness are all side effects caused by the pressure becoming too low. Other reactions include allergic reactions and depression. Platelet Inhibitory Drugs Platelet Inhibitory Drugs (e.g. aspirin) also reduce the formation of blood clots; they are a type of anticoagulant. They work by preventing platelets clumping together to form blood clots. They reduce the formation of blood clots, reducing the chance of a blood vessel becoming blocked by a clot. Benefits - be used to treat people who already have blood clots or CVD Risks - side effects such as rashes, diarrhoea, and nausea, liver function problems and excessive bleeding Anticoagulants Anticoagulants reduce blood clotting - blood clots are less likely to form at sites of damage in artery walls Less chance of a blood vessel becoming blocked by a blood clot.

Benefits - can be used to treat people who already have blood clots or CVD, preventing any existing blood clots from growing any larger and any new clots from forming. Cant get rid of existing blood clots. Risks - If person is badly injured, the reduction of blood clotting can cause excessive bleeding, which can lead to fainting or even death. Others side effects include allergic reactions, Other side effects include Osteoporosis and swelling of the tissues. Can damage the fetus during pregnancy. A good way to remember what anticoagulants are and what antihypertensive are. Anticoagulants - C is for blood clot, which these drugs reduce. Antihypertensive - H is for high blood pressure, which these drugs reduce.