Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corp.

Fuel Oil Sizing Program Overview

Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corporation 31-35 South St. Danbury CT www.preferred-mfg.com

Introduction
PC

Based Program Sizes Typical Fuel Oil Piping Systems Helps to determine workability of overall application Helps to sizing suction and discharge piping

Day Tank Schematic

Determining Pump Capacity

For day tank systems

rate of use vs. duty cycle determines pump flow length of time without power determines tank size E-Gen sets RULE of THUMB 7 GPH / 100kw E-Gen sets - RULE of THUMB 4:1 , pump runs 25% of time. parallel loop, total burning rate plus total return flow series loop, total burning rate plus return flow of last burner only Motor HP based on PSI required

For burner systems

Pick pump-motor pair with next greater flow rate

Maximum Inlet Suction

Atmospheric

pressure (30" Hg) provides the force to get oil into the pump Most pumps can produce a 20" Hg vacuum Good practice limits suction to a 15" vacuum or less Typical piping loss is 5" Hg This leaves 10" Hg for static lift, or 12' of oil Pump should not be located more than 12' above the bottom of the tank

Determining Inlet Suction

Suction

at pump inlet

Add gravity head plus: Friction losses

Friction

loss through suction piping

convert fittings, valves, etc. to equivalent diameters add total length of pipe to equivalent for fittings add loss through strainer

Increase

pipe size or lower pump to suit

Pressure Drop through Pipe

Pressure drop through pipe, Number 2 Fuel Oil

Flow, Gallons per hour

Equivalent Diameters
ball valve, full ported check valve, lift type check valve, swing type foot valve, poppet type globe valve gate valve, full ported plug valve 90 degree elbow 45 degree elbow Tee, through run Tee, through branch 3 600 100 420 340 8 18 30 16 20 60

Suction Piping Precautions

If

both pumps in a duplex set may be run together, use total flow in calculations Figure static lift from bottom of tank Use a 100% safety factor for strainer drop Use a 40 or 100 mesh strainer for #2 oil Use worst case viscosity in figuring loss

Priming the System

Try

to keep pump close to tank Eliminate up and over lifts Add a priming funnel to the high point Do not allow pumps to run dry If possible, always use a foot valve to hold prime Pressure test all suction piping

Some Terminology

Operating Pump Suction: This value is displayed on the screen at the suction side of the pump. This value is the total summation of all losses encountered on the suction side of the pump. Priming Pump Suction: This value takes into account the vertical lift of a dry system, and may also be referred to as the priming static lift. If a pump looses its prime, and the piping system is dry, the static lift may not be the same as the priming static lift. Therefore, the Priming Pump Suction must be examined as well as the Operating Pump Suction. This value takes into account the vertical distance of piping that might go above the centerline of the pump, before connecting with the pump. S.G: Density of a fluid compared to the density of water.

Discharge Piping
Pressure

at pump discharge

Add pressure needed at point of use plus total gravity head and pipe losses

Generally,

discharge piping is smaller than suction piping A Back Pressure Regulating Valve may be used to regulate pressure at point of use (boilers)

Viscosity as a Function of Temp.

Miscellaneous Cautions

Beware of entrained air

locate return and supply at opposite ends of tank

Avoid high lifts and traps Allow for easy priming of pumps Provide adequate vent lines Provide properly sized day tank overflow lines Design the system so it can be tested regularly Dont overlook controls

Loading the Fuel Oil Sizing Program

Opening Window - Select New or Existing File

Discharge Piping Selection

Application Selection Page

Opening Overview Display

Suction Piping Selection

Discharge Piping Selection

Final Overview Display

Pop Up Windows

Report Printing

Example
Rule of THUMB

Exercise 1 For No. 2 Fuel Oil Determine: P1 and P2 Select Pump Set

Head 5 ft of No. 2 Oil = Head 5 ft of No. 2 Oil =

Vacuum 4 " Hg Pressure 2 psi

Required 5 psi

P1

P2

100 feet

100 feet of 1 inch Suction pipe

10 feet

300 gph

200 feet of 1 inch Discharge pipe

Storage Tank

10 feet

Example
Rule of THUMB

Exercise 2 For No. 2 Fuel Oil Determine: P1 running and priming, P2 ASV Spring Size Select Pump Set

Head 5 ft of No. 2 Oil = Head 5 ft of No. 2 Oil =

Vacuum 4 " Hg Pressure 2 psi

Required 5 psi

ASV 15 feet

100 feet of 1 inch Suction pipe

17.5 feet 200 feet

P1 P2

Storage Tank 5 feet 300 feet of 2 inch Discharge pipe

400 gph

Pressure Drop through Pipe

Pressure drop through pipe, Number 2 Fuel Oil

Flow, Gallons per hour

Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corp

For further information, contact...

Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corporation

31-35 South St. Danbury CT T: (203) 743-6741 F: (203) 798-7313 www.preferred-mfg.com