Aeman Mohammed Hassan Eyed Ahmed

Jun 2013

Introduction

(Aeman) Definition of materials Material's Specifications (Aeman Mohammed-Hassan) Environment (Eyad) Conclusion (Ahmed)

Definition of Material Selection

Is a step in the process of designing any physical object. In context of product design.

Samples

Wood

Aluminium

Plastic Glass
Stainless steels

Specifications
Hardwoods come from broad leave, deciduous, trees such as oak, ash, elm, sycamore, mahogany.

Advantage Easy to Build Structurally Strong Long Lifespan Resistant to Insect & Rodent Attack Can Be Installed in Almost Any Weather Environmentally Friendly Prefabrication Easy to Finish

Disadvantage The surface can be damaged by sharp objects. coloured liquids are spilt and not cleaned properly. Wood gets darker with time. flammable

Specifications

Typical uses
Flooring; stairways, furniture; handles; veneer; sculpture, wooden ware; sash; doors; general millwork; framing- but these are just a few. Almost every load-bearing and decorative object has, at one time or another, been made from wood.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6gmd5p mJQo

Specifications
Aluminum
Aluminums (or aluminum) is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13 It is a silvery white, soft, ductile metal Aluminum is remarkable for the metals low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Advantage Aluminum as a resource is 100% recyclable Aluminum structures are very durable. Very good thermal insulation provided by a complex structure Disadvantage Difficult to weld. Far more expensive that steel.

Specifications
Typical uses Aircraft Bicycles Car engines "Space frame" car bodies Drinks cans Window frames

Specifications
Stainless steels
It is has percentage of iron in which not less than50%, and the proportion of chromium does not exceed 30%, and the proportion of carbon a minimum of 11.5%, in addition to some of the elements that represent about 8.5%, such as nickel.

Advantage High strength with good toughness High stiffness Quite easy to shape Quite easy to weld, but not as easy as for carbon steels. Easy to recycle

Disadvantage High density. Poor electrical and thermal conductivity.

Specifications
Typical uses
Bearings Pressure

vessels chemical plant Cutlery Surgical instruments

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=play er_embedded&v=54pQd1Jq4eY#at=180

Glass

Specifications
Glasses are amorphous solids based on silicon oxide (the same as sand). Glass is soft and moldable when hot, making shaping straightforward; when cool and solid it is strong in compression, but brittle and weak in tension.

Advantage

Disadvantage

Transparent, or easily coloured Low tensile strength High resistance to corrosion Low toughness Easy to shape

Glass

Specifications

Typical Products windows bottles ovenware optical fibres

Plastic

Specifications
A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances.

Advantage useful in the building and construction. Plastic is good, light, strong and cheap to produce. It does not decompose but it can instead be recycled. Plastic is usually not breakable and it is see-through It's light-weight and odourless

Disadvantage Oil is a finite resource and many other problems are associated with oil extraction and usage. low strength. Out toxic gases when combustion.

Specifications
Typical uses
Electrical fittings and connectors; blow molded bottles; packaging film; film; photographic and X-ray film; audio/visual tapes; industrial strapping; capacitor film; drawing office transparencies; fibers. Decorative film, metallized balloons, photography tape, videotape, carbonated drink containers, ovenproof cookware, windsurfing sails, credit cards.

The importance of selection materials

Material selection is a process which is performed to select the best materials which may have the potential to perform well both in industrially and commercially. Today selection of materials is an important part of industrial designs because the competition in the market is heavy. Failures arising from bad material selection are not uncommon in many industries. In an application that demands a high tensile strength, a material with higher tensile strength must be selected. If the product is to be used outdoors, it may be necessary to consider the effect of ultraviolet light. If a proper material selection is not done, the product life tends to be highly unpredictable. Therefore the material selection process is quite important for the long term success of engineering applications.

Environment

consequences of choosing wrong materials

Hyatt Regency

consequences of choosing wrong materials

Tacoma in Washington