List of United Nations peacekeeping missions

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UN refugee camp in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. See also: History of United Nations Peacekeeping This is a list of UN peacekeeping missions since the United Nations was founded in 1945, organized by region, with the dates of deployment, the name of the related conflict, and the name of the UN operation. Peacekeeping, as defined by the United Nations, is a way to help countries torn by conflict create conditions for sustainable peace. UN peacekeeperssoldiers and military officers, civilian police officers and civilian personnel from many countriesmonitor and observe peace processes that emerge in post-conflict situations and assist ex-combatants in implementing the peace agreements they have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including confidencebuilding measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development. All operations must include the resolution of conflicts through the use of force to be considered valid under the charter of the United Nations.

IDP camp in Sudan resulting from the Darfur conflict.

Current Missions

Past Missions

The Charter of the United Nations gives the Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations. Most of these operations are established and implemented by the United Nations itself with troops serving under UN operational command. In other cases, where direct UN involvement is not considered appropriate or feasible, the Council authorizes regional organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, the Economic Community of West African States or coalitions of willing countries to implement certain peacekeeping or peace enforcement functions. In modern times, peacekeeping operations have evolved into many different functions, including diplomatic relations with other countries, international bodies of justice (such as the International Criminal Court), and eliminating problems such as landmines that can lead to new incidents of fighting.

Contents

1 Completed missions (53) o 1.1 Africa o 1.2 Americas o 1.3 Asia o 1.4 Europe o 1.5 Middle East 2 Current deployment (16) o 2.1 Africa o 2.2 America o 2.3 Asia 2.3.1 Middle East o 2.4 Europe 3 See also 4 References

Completed missions (53)

Africa
Dates of Name of Operation Location Conflict Website

operation 1960 United Nations Operation in the 1964 Congo (ONUC) United Nations Angola 1988 Verification Mission I 1991 (UNAVEM I) 1989 1990 1991 1995 1992 1994 1992 1993 1993 1997 1993 1994 1993 1996 1993 1995 1994 1995 1997 1997 1999 1998 1999 1998 2000 1999 2005 2000 United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II) United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) United Nations Operation in Somalia I (UNOSOM I) United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR) United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) United Nations Aouzou Strip Observer Group (UNASOG) United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVEM III) United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA) United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone (UNOMSIL) United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA) United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) United Nations Mission in

Congo Angola

Congo Crisis [1] Angolan Civil War [2]

Namibia

Namibian War of [3] Independence Angolan Civil War [4]

Angola Mozambique Somalia Liberia Rwanda Uganda Rwanda Somalia Chad Libya Angola Angola Sierra Leone

Mozambican [5] Civil War Somali Civil [6] War First Liberian [7] Civil War Rwandan Civil War Rwandan Civil War [8]

[9]

Somali Civil [10] War Aouzou Strip [11] dispute Angolan Civil War Angolan Civil War [12] [13]

Sierra Leone [14] civil war Central African [15] Republic mutinies Sierra Leone [16] civil war Eritrean[17]

Central African Republic Sierra Leone Eritrea

2008 2004 2007 1999 2010

Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)

Ethiopia Burundi

Ethiopian War Burundi Civil [18] War Second Congo War [19]

Congo

2007 2010

2005 2011

Darfur Conflict, Chad, Central Civil war in [20] African Republic Chad (2005 2010) Second Sudan Sudanese [21] Civil War

Americas
Dates of operation 1965 1966 Name of Operation Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic (DOMREP) United Nations Observer Group in Central America (ONUCA) United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL) United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (UNSMIH) United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA) United Nations Transition Mission in Haiti (UNTMIH) Location Conflict Dominican Republic Website Operation [22] Power Pack

1989 1992 1991 1995 1993 1996 1996 1997 1997 1997

Central America1

Nicaraguan [23] Civil War El Salvador [24] Civil War 1991 coup and [25] military rule in Haiti Stabilizing Haiti's new [26] democracy Guatemalan [27] Civil War Training of [28] the Haitian

El Salvador

Haiti

Haiti

Guatemala Haiti

1997 2000

United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti (MIPONUH) United Nations General Assembly International Civilian Support Mission in Haiti (MICAH)

Haiti

2000 2001

Haiti

National Police Training of the Haitian [29] National Police Training of the Haitian [30] National Police

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the five countries in which ONUCA operated. They are in this order (sorted alphabetically): Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

Asia
Dates of operation 1962 1963 Name of Operation Location Conflict Website

United Nations Security Force in West New Guinea (UNSF)

1965 1966 1988 1990 1991 1992

United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM) United Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan (UNGOMAP) United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC) United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT) United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET)

1992 1993 1994 2000

Netherlands New Transfer of Guinea sovereignty over West [31] New Indonesia Guinea India IndoPakistani [32] War of Pakistan 1965 Afghanistan SovietAfghan [33] Pakistan War Vietnamese Occupation Cambodia [34] of Cambodia Vietnamese Occupation Cambodia [35] of Cambodia Tajikistan Tajikistan [36] Civil War Indonesian invasion [37] and occupation

1999

East Timor1

1999 2002

The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET) United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)

East Timor

2002 2005 2006 2012

East Timor

East Timor

Indonesian invasion [38] and occupation Indonesian invasion [39] and occupation 2006 East Timor [40] crisis

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the newly independent East Timor and its former occupier, Indonesia (in that order).

Europe
Dates of operation 1992 1995 1993 2009 1994 1996 1995 2002 1995 1999 Name of Operation United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation (UNCRO) United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH) United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP) United Nations Transitional Authority in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (UNTAES) United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP) United Nations Civilian Police Support Group (UNPSG) Location Conflict Former Yugoslavia1 Georgia Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic of Macedonia Website Yugoslav [41] wars Abkhazian [42] War Croatian [43] War Bosnian War [44]

Aftermath of the [45] Yugoslav wars Croatian War [46]

1996 1998 1996 2002 1998

Croatia

Prevlaka Peninsula2 Croatia

Prevlaka territorial [47] dispute Croatian [48] War

1. ^ This mission operated within the former Yugoslav successor states of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). The flags are shown in this order.

2. ^ Prevlaka Peninsula was claimed by both Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and the flags are shown in this order. Upon resolution, all parties accepted Croatia's claim to the territory.

Middle East
Dates of operation 1956 1967 Name of Operation First United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I) United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL) Location Syria Israel Conflict Website Suez Crisis, [49] Six-Day War Lebanon crisis of [50] 1958 Yemen Civil War (See also [51] Yemen Arab Republic) Yom Kippur [52] War IranIraq [53] War Gulf War [54] Syrian [55] civil war

1958

Lebanon

1963 1964

United Nations Yemen Observation Mission (UNYOM)

Yemen

1973 1979 1988 1991 1991 2003 2012

Second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II) United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group (UNIIMOG) United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM) United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS)

Egypt Israel Iran Iraq Iraq Kuwait Syria

Current deployment (16)

Africa
Start of operation Name of Operation United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) United Nations Mission in Location Conflict Website Moroccan occupation of [56] Western Sahara Second [57]

1991

Western Sahara

2003

Liberia

Liberia (UNMIL) United Nations Operation in Cte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) United Nations/African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL)

2004 2007

Cte d'Ivoire Sudan

Liberian Civil War Civil war in Cte [58] d'Ivoire Darfur [59] Conflict Second Congo War [60]

2010

Congo

2011

Sudan

2011

South Sudan

2011

Libya

South Kordofan [61] conflict Second Sudanese [62] Civil War 2011 Libyan [63] civil war

America
Start of operation 2004 Name of Operation United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) Location Haiti Conflict Website 2004 Haiti [64] rebellion

Asia
Start of operation 1949 Name of Operation United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) Location Conflict Website IndoPakistani War of 1947

Kashmir

[65]

2003

Afghanistan

UNAMA: War in Featured Afghanistan news

Middle East Start of Name of Operation Location Conflict Website

operation (Monitors the various ceasefires and assists [66] UNDOF and UNIFIL) Agreed withdrawal by Syrian and Israeli forces [67] following the Yom Kippur War. Israeli invasion of Lebanon and 2006 [68] IsraelLebanon conflict

1948

United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)

Middle East

1974

United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)

Golan Heights

1978

United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)

Lebanon

Europe
Start of operation 1964 1999 Name of Operation United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) Location Conflict Cyprus1 Kosovo2 Websit e Cyprus [69] dispute Kosovo [70] War