NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping chip

sensing and RF communication of stress and heart rythm data. This new interface represents the next evolution in the development of an implantable sensor that relies on active RF technology to continuously monitor and transmit in vivo stress levels over an extended period of time. This new technology effectively implements the stress level RF sensing technology that is described in NanoGuardians previously issued Patent No. 7,125,382 entitled Embedded Bio-Sensor System. In conjunction with partner RECEPTORS LLC (Receptors), NanoGuardian is now in Phase II development of its implantable sensing microchip. The goal of Phase II, which is expected to be completed in mid-2010, is to optimize the sensing system for its stress response in the presence of blood and interstitial uid matrix components and demonstrate the integration of the components into a stable and reproducible sensor. The implantable sensing microchip consists of a RFpowered molecular sensor that uses a combination of the analyte binding surface chemistry developed by Receptors and exclusively licensed to NanoGuardian for this application, with Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) technology and RF inductive powered sensing. The provisional patent covers the use of RF technology to help sense and communicate changes in stress (i.e., temperature and heart rythm and chemistry of the blood) through an electromechanical drive-based wireless molecular sensor.

NanoGuardian Chip The Cutting Edge of Anti-kidnapping Nano-scale Tecnhology NanoGuardian is a Digital-Angel/SARBE collaborative enterprise. Digital Angel, 490 Villaume Avenue, South St. Paul, MN 55075-2433

1 PRESENTATION
The NanoGuardian chip is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved human-implantable radio-frequency identication (RFID) and GPS-enabled tracking microchip based on nanotechnology. It is marketed by Digital-Angel, formerly Applied Digital Solutions, and it received United States FDA approval in 2004. About half the length of a dime, the device is typically implanted between the shoulder and elbow area of an individuals right arm. Once scanned at the proper frequency, the NanoGuardian responds with a unique 16 digit number which could be then linked with information about the user held on a database for identity verication, medical records access and other uses. Furthermore, the NanoGuardian chip, is able to transmit, using radiofrequencies normally allocated to GSM cellular networks, a distress signal that alerts about a kidnapping taking place. This is possible due to the bio-sensors on board the NanoGuardian chip. The insertion procedure is performed under local anesthetic in a physicians ofce. NanoGuardian is the state of the art aparatus for personal protection and monitoring, based on cutting edge nano-scale technology. The NanoGuardian antikidnapping chip combines the advantages of a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver with those of a newly depeloped interface between a radio frequency (RF) powered resonant electromechanical drive and the uids in the interstitial space of a subject for continuous monitoring of heart rythm and stress levels. The interface employs a resonant electromechanical drive for mass

Anti-kidnapping Functionalities

While second generation RFID chips enabled an individuals identication when the chip was scanned, third generation chips, such as the NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping chip provides a complete set of functionalities that may prove essential to protect your life. The NanoGuardian chip contains a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver on-board, with which the chip is able to determine your precise location at all times (whenever the GPS signal is not available, the chip records and transmits your last known coordinates). Thus, the chip 1

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NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping chip

position data are transmited via the on-board antenna and radio frequency transmitter that uses GSM cellular network frequencies. This information is delivered in real time to our monitoring and tracking facilities, so that the NanoGuardian corporation can locate the chip and provide immediate response if necessary. In order to determine whether an individual carrying the NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping chip is in a dangerous situation, the chip contains two micro-sensors that collect and analyze data regarding the individuals heart rate, temperature and blood pressure. The NanoGuardian chip can therefore identify an individuals stress response and generate an alarm signal that is transmitted to the monitoring and tracking facilites for immediate attention. Because of its small size and because the NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping Chip is placed under the skin, it is very difcult for an aggressor to locate and disable the chip. Even in the event that the NanoGuardian chip is located, the materials with which it is fabricated, and its small size makes the chip difcult to destroy with the bare hands, so the chip will remain transmitting the position where it is discarded. Statistically, the possibilities of locating an individual that has been kidnapped double whenever the place of the attack is known during the rst hour of the attack. Thus, even if the NanoGuardian chip has been apparently disabled during the attack, it can still perform an important role in recovering the individual unharmed.

Technical Specications

NOTICE: Due to the nature of NanoGuardians services, for security reasons detailed technical data will not be disclosed without prior security clearance. In case you require such data please send your query in written form to NanoGuardians customer support ofces.
RFID tag operating frequency:134 kHz RFID tag type: continuously-illuminated. RFID static data: 16-digit number. Encryption algorithm of transmitted stream: cryptographic algorithm A5/1 stream cipher, used for ensuring over-theair voice privacy. Carrier frequency: GSM cellular network and nondisclosed frequencies, with Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) piggy-back modulation. Power source: Energy harvesting proprietary device, developed by SARBE. It is designed to harvest both dynamic and electromagnetic energy and accumulate this energy in electrochemical nano-cells. Dimensions: Length: 11mm Nominal Diameter: 3mm Interface transfer rate: 3kb/s Gyro-sensor: NGK Insulators, Ltd. model XV-3500CF Bio-sensors: pressure, temperature, heart rate. Operating life: 5 years

Figure 1: Encapsulated Nano Guardian Chip, 3rd Generation.

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NanoGuardian anti-kidnapping chip

number is similar to a social security number or a bar code number that can be used to look up a record in a database where extra data is stored. Q. How is the NanoGuardian inserted into the body? Implantation is an outpatient procedure that typically takes 15 minutes or less. People have been implanted in doctors ofces, at convention booths, and even in European night clubs. The implantation site, typically the arm or thigh, is rst wiped with an alcohol swab and numbed with an injection of a local anesthetic. When the area is numb, a 12-gauge, preloaded hypodermic syringe known as a cannula is inserted into the esh and depressed, where it releases the implant into the subcutaneous tissue. Q. Is the NanoGuardian Chip a passive device? This is incorrect, a passive RFID device does not have a battery or other internal power source. It derives its power from the signal sent by the reader or scanner that reads it. In contrast, a NanoGuardian Chip is an active RFID device with a power source that enables it to send out its signal continuously, or on command, whether a reader is present or not. Q. What is the range of a NanoGuardian Chip? The read range on a NanoGuardian implant is about three to 12 inches when a hand-held scanner is used. This means the scanner must be brought within 3 to 12 of the chipped body part in order to read the NanoGuardian and capture its information. When a larger antenna is used, such as a doorway portal application, the read range can be theoretically expanded to around three feet. However, due to the on-board GSM transmitter, the NanoGuardian chip is capable of transmitting over cellular networks and this enables the tracking of the chip wherever such an infrastructure exists. Currently NanoGuardian chips can be tracked in 87% of the continental territory of the USA.

4 Frequently Asked Questions

Q. Can NanoGuardian Chips be used in children? The stress response monitoring capabilities of NanoGuardian Chips are the result of extensive research. Our data show that the stress response of infants is triggered by a number of factors that are substantially different to those of an adult. Currently, NanoGuardian Chips only allow the correct interpretation of an adults stress response. Therefore we do not recommend that NanoGuardian Chips be used in children under 17 years of age, and we do not offer customer support to anybody under this age limit. Q. Where on the body is the Chip injected? The NanoGuardian Chip is typically injected into the esh of the triceps of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder. In some cases the implant is injected into the biceps muscle, between the elbow and wrist. The newer generation of NanoGuardian Chips work better if they are located close to a main artery because this facilitates the heart rythm and stress response monitoring functions. Also, our data suggests that it is more difcult for kidnappers to attempt to extract the NanoGuardian Chip if it is not easily accesible in a few seconds time. Because of this our current recommendation is that NanoGuardian chips be injected in a subjects thigh. Q. What information is stored on the Chip? At present, the NanoGuardian implant contains only a unique 16-digit identication number. This

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