A study of effectiveness of the programme developed for I s t standard students to improve, use of articles in English.

This report is submitted for the partial fulfillment of the D.Ed course. By: Tilekar Madhura Std: S.Y.D.T.Ed Div: B Roll.No: 02

Guide: Mrs.Shehnaaz shaikh Submitted to:

M.C.E Society Junior College Of Education (English Medium) Azam Campus, Camp, Pune-411001. July-2013.

INDEX
No of th e ch apt er Chapt ers Title Cer t i f i cat e Sel f decl ar at i on Acknowl edgem ent L i st of Tabl es L i st of Appendi ces I ntr oduct i on/ t opi cs of r esear ch I ntr oduct i on/ backgr ound Need of t he pr obl em I m por t ance of t he pr obl em St at em ent of t he pr obl em Oper at i onal def i ni t i on Obj ect i ves Assum pt i ons and Hypot hesi s Sam pl e Scope and Li m i t at i on Revi ew of l i t er at ur e Revi ew of l i t er at ur e f or wor k I nnovat i ons usef ul ness of wor k rel at ed rel at ed r esear ch and r esear ch P age No

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4

I m pl em ent at i on of r esear ch Resear ch Met hodol ogy Sam pl e T ool s and T echni ques of Act i on Resear ch Rem edi al m easur es Col l ect i on of I nf or m at i on and dat a, its Anal ysi s and Synt hesi s Pr esent at i on of i nf or m at i on and dat a Anal ysi s and i nt er pr et at i on Concl usi on Sum m ar y, Concl usi on, Recom m endat i on Sum m ar y Concl usi on Recom m endat i on/ Suggest i on Suggest i on for fur t her r esear ch Ref er ence and Appendi x L i st of t he r ef er ence books/ bi bli ogr aphy Appendi x

4.1 4.2 4.3 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4

* *

List of figures:
Page.no Sources of review of related literature Research Methods Types of sampling Tools of Action Research List of Tables: Page.no Comparison of Mean pre-test and post-test scores. Comparison of Standard Deviation of pre-test and post-test scores.

List of Graphs: Page.no Comparison of pre-test and post-test scores Comparison of marks of each student in pre test and post-test.

List of Appendix: Page.no A B C D E F G List of students Marks of pre-test and post-test Deviation of pre-test and post-test scores Pre-test paper Post-test paper Permission letter Certificate of completion

Certificate
This report is to certify on that Tilekar has Madhura, completed Std: the

S.Y.D.T.Ed, Div: B, writing

Roll.No: 02

A study of effectiveness of the English of Action Research for

programme developed for I s t standard students to improve, use of articales in academic year 2012-2013.

Name of the Guide: Shehnaaz Shaikh

Signature:

Signature of Principal:

Self Declaration
I , Ti l ekar Madhur a, St d: S.Y.D.T .E d, Di v: B Rol l .No02, has subm i t t ed m y Act i on Resear ch r epor t t o M.C.E . S oci et y Juni or Col l ege Of Educat i on ( Engl i sh Medi um ) Pune411001.

Dat e: Si gn of Resear cher :

Acknowledgement
I am grateful to Almighty God for giving me the ability to complete my research work in time . I am very grateful to my subject teachers Mrs. Aateka. Khan and Mrs. Shehnaaz. Shaikh for giving their valuable guidance as in explaining each chapter in detail and giving us valuable information and details of how the research work has to be done. I am grateful to the principal of Shantabai Ladkat School, the primary supervisor, the teachers and students who co-operated and gave their precious time, to complete my research . I am also thankful to my principal Mrs. Sabrina. Khan for her co-operation.

CHAPTER

INTRODUCTION / TOPIC OF RESEARCH

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION / TOPIC OF RESEARCH

Page. no

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

I ntr oduct i on/ backgr ound Need of t he pr obl em I m por t ance of t he pr obl em S t at em ent of t he pr obl em Oper at i onal def i ni t i on Obj ect i ves Assum pt i ons and Hypot hesi s S am pl e S cope and Li m i t at i on

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION / TOPIC OF RESEARCH 1.1 Introduction:

English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries. During the1500s,fewer than 2million people spoke English.All of them lived in what is now United Kingdom.Through the centuries,as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today,about 400 million people speak English as their native language.Another 100million people,chiefly living in India, Pakistan and in many African countries, speak English in addition to their own language,because of this we see most of the people in India whofind problems while communicating in English. English language is a window to the world as now-adays English language is used in every aspect of life.

1.2 Need of the problem:

Need to learn using Articles: It is needed because you want to change your practice . You may be concerned that things might not be going as you wish, or you may need to implement a new initiative but are ensure how to do it effectively . What you want is a way of sorting out these concerns that offers practical solutions , but that derives from the specific circumstances of your practice . You know that someone elses solution may have merits , but that is never quite right for the individual situation within which you work . You know that practice is always influenced by context . The act of finding your solution makes you understand your practice betternot only what you are doing , but also the factors that affect what you do . Action research therefore has two aspects . The starting point is to sort out a problem or issue in practice ; to this extent an Action Researcher seeks a solution . But the process can also be used as a deliberate attempt to understand practice better- a traditional research attitude.

1.3 Importance of the problem

Importance of using Articles : The aim of an action researcher is to bring about development in her. practice by analyzing existing practice and identifying elements for change. . It helps to speak grammatically correct sentence. To develop creativity in student. To create interest in English subject. To help the students to understand the concept more clearly and easily. It helps to develop English language.Student can acquire the knowledge of grammar.

1.4 Statement of the Problem:-

A studyof effectiveness of the programme developed for I s t standard students to improve use of Articles in English. 1.5 Operational Definition: -

Effectiveness: (Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) producing the intended result, impressive, striking. Programme :(Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) a set of

instructions that you plan to do. I s t standard students :Students who have passed U.K.G standard & are currently studying in I s t standard. Articles:(Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) The

Adjective a or an and the are usually called as Article.

1.6 Objectives:
To find difficulties of students while using Articles.

 To develop a program to improve use of Articles. To study the effectiveness of the programme developed.

1.7 Assumption: Students know about vowels and consonants. Standard 1 s t textbook is appropriate for students.

1.7 Hypothesis: Research Hypothesis If the researcher gives adequate practice for

understanding the concept of Articles through the program developed then students concept will improve. Null Hypothesis If the researcher gives adequate practice for understanding the concept of Articles through the program developed then students concept will not improve.

1.8 Sampling:
Population: Shantabai Ladkat School Standard I s t .

Sample: One division of English medium Shantabai Ladkat School 20 Students of first standard. Method of Selecting Sample: The researcher uses purposive sampling method to select the sample.

1.9 Scope and Limitations

SCOPE This research will be beneficial to the teachers

for helping students to use correct Articles. This research will be beneficial to the students to write correct Articles and it will give them

confidence to express their thoughts in their own words. This research will be beneficial to the society as it will help each and every person.

LIMITATIONS The research is limited to only the first standard students of Shantabai Ladkat School of Pune district. The research is limited to 20 students of division B only. The research is limited to Balbharati std. I s t book only.

References:
Prof. Limaye Tusharika, English (First Language), Diploma in Teacher Education , Nirali Prakashan, 2008.

 The World Book Encyclopedia, E Volume 6 , A Scott Fetzer company. The World Book Encyclopedia SO-Sz Volume 18 , A Scott Fezer company, 1995.

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Page. no 2.1 Revi ew of rel at ed li t er at ur e for r esear ch wor k 2.2 I nnovat i ons r esear ch wor k and usef ul ness of

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1

R eview

Of

Re late d

L ite r atur e

F or

R esearch Wor k
Research if we break this word we get Re

which means again and search which means to find, thus the term research is finding out something more, different and new than that which already exists, thus in action research, the researcher should have the knowledge of the steps in research and also he should find out whether other researchers have already worked on will the same subject, be successful in their his method of work for it the is research, their tools and materials because a researcher research only when different from the earlier research.

One of the important steps in the planning of any research study is a careful review of the research work we collect the information from the different sources for example;

Books : Books which are related to the researchers topic give a lot of information as in what steps can be taken to solve the problems new and innovative ideas. The World Book Encyclopedia Volume 6 (E) Pg 277 English language English language is the most widely spoken

language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries. During the 1500s, fewer than 2million people spoke English. All of them lived in what is now United Kingdom. Through the centuries, as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native language. Another 100million people, chiefly living in India, Pakistan and in many African countries, speak English in addition to their own language, because of this we see most of the people in India who find problems while communicating in English .

 English, Diploma in Teacher Education First year - Prof. Tusharika Limaye life. Action Research and Innovations . Arvind. L. Kapole Bansi Bihari Pandit Pg

English language is a window to the world as now-

a-days English language is used in every aspect of

Pg 2.8, 2.9 Review of Related Material the researcher should have the knowledge of the steps in research and also he should find out whether other researchers have already worked on the same subject, their method of work for the research, their tools and materials because a researcher will be successful in his research only when it is different from the earlier research. Thesis The researcher can refer to Thesis of other senior researchers and develop a programme which will be more effective and cover the drawbacks faced in their research work. The new researcher will get a

lot

of information

about

the

methods,

programme

developed by the previous researchers. Internet: The quickest and fastest mean to get information about the problem and its solutions is the internet the researcher can easily get what he/she wants by using the internet.

2.2 Innovation A nd U se fulne ss Of R e se ar c h Work

Innovation: To innovate means to introduce new things. Innovation is an idea or a practice perceived as new by the adopter The researcher has brought traditional methods of research by the following ways; Teaching Articles to students only after they know the correct meaning, pronunciation of innovation Articles in in the this teaching

the word. (This can be done with the help of audio visual aids) Giving the students enough time to visualize the word. Ask the students to write down the word neatly and correctly. Using the word in many sentences.

U sefulness Of R e se ar c h Wor k:
This the also This This word. research primary be is useful classes to will as mainly it will pen for students them their of to own those help down

develop confidence to write correct Articles and useful them to be thoughts as in writing application based answers. research more useful for

students who are week in English . research will help student to try new

 This

research

will

help

teachers

to very

teach

Articles by giving effective and useful.

games which are

References:
Alan. S. Brown, Department of Psychology , Southern Methodist University, Vol 2, No 4, 1990 Arvind L. Kapole and Bansi Bihari Pandit, Action Research and Innovations , Nirali Prakashan, 2007 Prof. Limaye Tusharika, English (First Language), Diploma in Teacher Education , Nirali Prakashan, 2008. The World Book Encyclopedia, E Volume 6 , A Scott Fetzer company. The World Book Encyclopedia SO-Sz Volume 18 , A Scott Fezer company, 1995.

C HA PT E R III IMP LE ME NT A T ION OF R ESE AR C H WOR K

CHAPTER III RESEARCH

IMPLEMENTATION WORK

OF

Page.no 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Resear ch Met hodol ogy S am pl e T ool s and T echni ques of Act i on Resear ch Rem edi al m easur es

CHAPTER III RESEARCH

IMPLEMENTATION WORK

OF

3.1 R esearch Methodology:

Research specific can be methods can be called planning and

execution undertaken by the researcher to solve a research past on problem. The present basis the research oriented of or problem future oriented,

oriented. Thus given under:

conclusions,

research methods are divided into three groups as

 Historical Research Method: This research is based on the existing facts based the on the past history in, etc. like the a research on will institution where researcher

have to find out the name of the founder the year of establishment

Survey/ Descriptive Research Method: This research is done mostly on social and current research opinion. problems a survey Mostly faced is in by done this the by people, in taking this public only

research

suggestions are given to solve the problem.

Experimental Research Method: The research In which effect terms, the and is of one factor

on the other is studied is called Experimental Research. In research indicating Experimental the scientific cause Research experimental hypothesis relation. to means examining

effect

conducted

understand the teaching

effects

of

the

factors like instruments or

methods,

educational

tools used while teaching . Characteristics of Experimental Research: For making a comparative study of experimental and controlled sets, a minimum of two sets are required. This helps in finding out the effect of the The action action is taken and and to by in what the assessing extent are it as is In to to which be by action is more effective. taken words, It is decided researcher. other

independent not

variables to

handled

the researcher only. possible handle independent

variables like sex discrimination, age social and economical conditions. Sets or groups are divided equally by using

random sampling method. External variables study but that are not affect included the in the

which

can

dependant

variables process.

are In

controlled

by

using

the

control one

experimental

research, only

independent variable is arranged for controlling the other variable. the If this is not be done, the

factor

making

effect

cannot

identified

positively .

In

an

experimental at least

study, one

the

researcher variable,

manipulates

independent

controls other relevant variables and observes the effect on one variable. -Gay (1992) The The In researcher researcher has selected is studying the the experimental effect of research method because of the following reasons;

pronunciation. experimental down research a method that is the a researcher conditional the writes Hypothesis

statement

made or

statement

assuming

positive result of the research.

 In and In used

experimental methods, the gives

research programme research

the

researcher to tools check

uses solve are the

sampling

conducts

pre-test, developed

post-test,

the problem. experimental thus the statistical can

researcher

reliability of the research and its effectiveness.

3.2 Sample
Before decide made research the for work, entire the is entire to the data investigator is collection be selected is taken has to or to be a as into whether subject population

particular method hand, as

group the a

representative of the entire population. The former when when population is taken whole, account, is called Census method. On the other small group of the into is account called representative

Sampling method. The sample designs are basically of two types that is Non-probability sampling : Is non-random sampling.

Probability sampling : Is based on the concept of random sampling.

Incidental sampling method:

When the sample is to be selected from the population researcher selects the sample from his surrounding as an when the sample units are available this method is known as Incidental Sampling method. Eg; A soap company wants to survey a population of products to select the sample. The company Interviews the people in an around is premises.

Purposive sampling method:

In purposive sampling method the researcher selects the sample from the population of his interest and which satisfies a particular purpose. Eg; Students week in English pronunciation are selected by the teacher to give the treatment.

3.3 Tools And Techniques of Action Research:

The main tools used for Action Research can be divided into four types.

Questionnaire: A series of pre-arranged questions put forward for collecting information is called a Questionnaire, the second tool used in Action Research. In thinking, values, experiences the language of research, the in the past and present questionnaires a tool study the likes and dislikes, line of circumstances and the problems of the research population. According to Bar well arranged set of the questions given to the person from whom information is to be collected is called a questionnaire. In other words, a per-arranged series of the questions presented for collecting information is called a questionnaire. Characteristics of a good Questionnaire: The questionnaire should be precise and its language clear and specific. The questions should be intelligible. This can be achieved by constructing small, easy sentences.

 Instructions unambiguous.

in

the

questionnaire

should

be

clear

and

Questions should be small and correct. Typing of the questions should be neat and tidy. Instructions for answering the questions should be specific and foolproof. These instructions should be placed at the beginning of the questionnaire.

3.4 Remedial Measures

The researcher took the following conducting the research To make Articles more easy to those students who found it difficult to learn Articles the researcher adopted the play way method with the students of standard I st . The researcher used picture and audio- visual aids to make use of Articles interesting for example; to teach an article of an aeroplane the researcher first pronounced the word { aero-plane} remedial measures while

showed a picture and made the students repeat the word after the record.aeroplane-an aeroplane. The researcher also taught many article games to the students .

Steps of research

References:
Arvind L. Kapole and Bansi Bihari Pandit, Action Research and Innovations , Nirali Prakashan, 2007 Alan. S. Brown, Department of Psychology , Southern Methodist University, Vol 2, No 4, 1990

CHAPTER IV COLLECTION OF INFORMATION AND DATA, ITS ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS

CHAPTER IV COLLECTION OF INFORMATION AND DATA, ITS ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS

Page. no 4.1 4.2 4.3 P r esent at i on of i nf or m at i on and

dat a Anal ysi s and int er pr et at i on Concl usi on

CHAPTER IV COLLECTION OF INFORMATION AND DATA, ITS ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS 4.1 Presentation of information and data
The researcher conducted a pre-test to check how much the students knew and developed a programme and taught the students easy way to memorize Articles and then conducted a post-test the following is the performance of the students in the tests conducted. Graph 1

Comparison of scores of pre-test and post- test

400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
pre-test post-test

4.2 Analysis and Interpretation

Introduction: Merely collection of data is not the aim of any research activity, instead the collected data must be used by the researcher to draw conclusions, make generalizations, establish relationship between two or more variables and the test the hypothesis. The term analysis means the computation of certain measures or indices along with searching patterns of relationship that exists among data groups. In this process, some statistical methods are used to make data meaningful. Statistics is an efficient tool in the analysis of the research data. The very purpose of the statistics is to aid research. Statistics are to the researcher what tools are to a carpenter. Therefore the utility of the statistics as a tool depends on their use for correct functions. Quite frequently in action research, techniques or tools like Mean, Median, Standard Deviation etc are used. Mean:

Refers it the average value of the distribution and id arrived at by dividing the sum of scores in the distribution by the number of observations. Median: Is a point of an array of scores. It is that value or point which divides the distribution equally. The scores are arranged in the order of magnitude and the middle point above and below which equal number of scores fall, is regarded as the median. Mode: Is that score which most frequently occurs in a distribution. Standard Deviation: Is the square root of the sum of the squared deviations divided by the number of observations. It is the standard measure of variability in most statistical procedures.

Mean of pre- test:

Mean = X1 N

= 252
20 = 12.6 Mean = 12.6 Mean of post-test:

Mean = X2 N = 337
20 = 16.85

Mean = 16.85

Coefficient of co-relation (r) = xy_ ________ x2*y2 r = _____155.8_____ 372.8*120.55 r = 155.8 44941.04 r = 155.8

211.99 r = 0.734940 There is high co-relation because the value is between 0.60 to 0.80.

t-value
t-value = M1 M2 d i.e. M2 M1 d

Where; M1 = Mean of post-test M2 = Mean of pre-test = standard deviation of given scores

d = (M1)2 + (M2 )2 (2r * M1 * M2 ) Where; M1 = 1 and M2 = 2 N1 N2 df = N1 + N2 - 2 = 20 + 20 2 = 40 2 df = 38

one tailed test level of significance 0.01 t (table) = 0.403 1 = N1 (d1)2 i.e. 1 = N1 (x1)2

1 =

372.8 20

= 18.64

therefore 1 = 4.3174

2 =

(d2)2 N2 120.55 20

i.e.

2 =

(y1)2 N2

2 =

= 6.0275

therefore 2 = 2.4550

M1 = 1 N1

4.3174 20

= 4.3174 4.4721

M1 = 0.965407 M2 = 2 = 2.4550 N2 20 M2 = 0.548959

= 2.4550 4.4721

d = (M1)2 + (M2 )2 (2r * M1 * M2 ) = (0.965407)2 + (0.548959)2 2 (0.734940) (0.965407) (0.548959) = 0.93201067564 + 0.30135598368 1.41903244116 = 1.23336665932 - 1.41903244116 = -0.18566578184 d = 0.43308

t cal = M2 - M1 d = 16.85 - 12.6 0.43308 = 4.25 0.43308 t (cal) = 9.8134

= 9.8134 t ( table ) = df

Ans:

t (cal) > t (table) 9.8134 > 0.734940

4.2

Conclusion
t (cal) > t (table) So, we and conclude research that this is research accepted is and

successful

hypothesis

null-hypothesis is rejected. Interpretation Table 1 Comparison of Mean of pre-test and post-test Mean of pre-test Mean of post-test Difference of Mean of pre-test and posttest 12.6 Table 2 Comparison of Standard Deviation of pre-test and post-test Standard Deviation of Standard Deviation of Difference pre-test post-test Standard test of Deviation 16.85 4.25

of pre-test and post-

4.31

2.45

1.86

CHAPTER

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION. Page.no 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Summary Conclusion Recommendation/ Suggestion Suggestion for further research

CHAPTER AND

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary
Introduction: English today is an international , global language , perhaps the current Position of English as a globle language . It would seem that English was Expending in the right geographical and technological , political , economical and Cultural area , today English plays important role in industrial and commercial Life of india , E- Banking , E-Mail services are available only in English . National International tardy , and all transaction in commercial Establishments take place Only English. English is important subject in teaching learning process. For the Effective use of English language the grammar is very important , it is Necessary to the student to know and understand various rules of Grammar . Article is sub-topic in the grammar student use article Effectively in the sentence then the language is clearly understood . Grammar improve the use of language particularly incidence student make Mistake in using article so the language not use effectively.

Need : It is needed because you want to change your practice. You may be concerned that things might not be going as you wish , or you may need to implement a new initiative but are ensure how to do it effectively . What you want is a way of sorting out these concerns that offers practical solutions , but that derives from the specific circumstances of your practice . You know that someone elses solution may have merits, but that is never quite right for the individual situation within which you work. You know that practice is always influenced by context. The act of finding your solution makes you understand your practice better- not only what you are doing, but also the factors that affect what you do. Action research therefore has two aspects . The starting point is to sort out a problem or issue in practice; to this extent an Action Researcher seeks a solution. But the process can also be used as a deliberate attempt to understand practice better- a traditional research attitude.

Importance: The aim of an action researcher is to bring about development in her practice by analyzing existing practice and identifying elements for change . It helps to speak grammatically correct sentence.. To develop creativity in student. To create interest in English subject. To help the students to understand the concept more clearly and easily. It helps to develop English language. Student can acquire the knowledge of grammar.

Statement of the Problem: A study of effectiveness of the programme developed for I s t standard students to improve, use of Articles English. Operational Definition: Effectiveness :in

(Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) producing the intended result, impressive, striking. Programme :(Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) a set of instructions that you plan to do. I s t standard students :Students who have passed U.K.G standard & are currently studying in I s t standard. Articles:(Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary) The Adjectives aor an and the are usually called Articles. Objectives: To find difficulties of students while using articles. To develop a program to improve use of article.. To study the effectiveness of the programme developed. Assumption: Students know vowels and consonants. Standard 1 s t textbook is appropriate for the students. Hypothesis: Research Hypothesis

If

the researcher

gives adequate

practice for

understanding the concept of Articles through the program developed then student concept will improve. Sampling: Population: Shantabai Ladkat School Standard I s t . Sample: - One division of English medium Shantabai Ladkat School. - 20 Students of first standard Method of Selecting Samples: The researcher uses purposive sampling method to select the sample. Scope and Limitations: SCOPE To student: student can understand the concept of articles. To teacher: after this she will teach correctly. To society: after this they learn about articles. It is useful for researcher. It is useful for 1st std teacher.

 It is also useful for the setters of syllabus. LIMITATIONS

The study is limited for topic articles only.

It limited to the student of 1st standard. It is not useful for other standard teacher. The research work is concerned with students of SHANTABAI LADKAT SCHOOL.

5.2 Conclusion
This This heart. It learning proved research research is was to be seen in was very useful that than week can the as its the most

common problem teachers face in classroom teaching. proves more that play learning to be students and it see Articles learnt it by also the enjoyed from unknowingly better

Articles

way

method

correct

as one

difference in the pre-test and post-test scores.

5.3 Recommendations/ Suggestions

 The researcher gives the following recommendations and suggestions To teach Articles with the help of innovative

games. Vowels have to be made clear to the students. Consonants have to be made clear to the students. Use of Articles can be improved with the help of Grammer rules.

5.4 Suggestions for further research The researcher can develop a programme on Articles in view of those students who have psychological problems To study the impact of use of Articles. To develop an effective programme where in the listening skill and its relation with use of Articles is studied.

References:
Arvind L. Kapole and Bansi Bihari Pandit, Action Research and Innovations , Nirali Prakashan, 2007 Prof. Limaye Tusharika, English (First Language), Diploma in Teacher Education , Nirali Prakashan, 2008. The World Book Encyclopedia, E Volume 6 , A Scott Fetzer company. The World Book Encyclopedia SO-Sz Volume 18 , A Scott Fezer company, 1995.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Alan. S. Brown, Department of Psychology , Southern Methodist University, Vol 2, No 4, 1990. Arvind L. Kapole and Bansi Bihari Pandit, Action Research and Innovations , Nirali Prakashan, 2007 John Ellison Kahnn, DPhil, How to Write and Speak Better, The Readers Digest Association Limited, 2002. Prof. Limaye Tusharika, English (First Language),

Diploma in Teacher Education , Nirali Prakashan, 2008. Rosevia Warda, research based tutoring of English , while paper, 2005 The World Book Encyclopedia, E Volume 6 , A Scott Fetzer company.

APPENDIX

Appendix (A) List of Students

Ritesh Patil Harshad Shaikh Shraddha Yewle Guru. Tagdhane Joshua. Joel Naif. Kazi Tauheed. Khan Prachi Kakade Momin. Hayat Kiran Patil Vaibhav Vaghmare

Shahid. Shaikh Ganesh Karale Zaid. Sayyed Sahad. Sayyed Sakshi Jadhav Arbaaz. Shaikh Vasanti Pachange Kaif. Shaikh Vrushikesh. Tupe

Appendix (B)
S r.no Roll. N ame of the s tudent P re-tes t M arks P os t- tes t M arks (X 2 ) 17 15 19 0.0225 20 3.4225 16 4.6225 12 9.9225 20 0.7225 16 23.522 18 5 13 20 9.9225 20 0.7225 18 1.3225 14 14.822 17 5 16 14 9.9225 15 9.9225 17 1.3225 20 8.1225 337

Roll. no of the student

1 2 36 48 59 6 12 7 13 8 15 9 10 11 21 12 24 13 25 14 29 15 16 30 17 18 31 19 36 20 39 40 44 46 48 49 66 Total

No Score Score of Pre- of test (x) posttest (y) 6 Rites h P atil 8 9 16 12 12 13 10 15 18 21 12 24 6 25 29 30 19 31 4 36 9 39 7 40 44 18 46 48 18 49 17 66 12 11 11 10 13 11 18 252

( X1) 16 H ars had S haikh 12 S hraddha Yew le 10 17 3.4 0.15 11.56 G uru. Tagdhane 18 15 -0.6 -1.85 0.36 J os hua. 12 19 J oel -2.6 2.15 6.76 N aif. Kazi 6 20 5.4 3.15 29.16 Tauheed. K han 19 16 K akade -0.6 -0.85 0.36 P rachi 4 12 -6.6 -4.85 43.56 M omin. H ayat 9 K iran P atil 7 V aibhav V aghmare 18 20 6.4 3.15 40.96 S hahid. 18 16 Shaikh -8.6 -0.85 73.96 G anes h K arale 17 18 -3.6 1.15 12.96 Zaid. S ayyed 12 13 S ayyed -5.6 -3.85 31.36 S ahad. 11 S aks hi J adhav 11 20 A rbaaz. Shaikh 10 5.4 3.15 29.16 V as anti 13 20 P achange 5.4 3.15 29.16 K aif. 11 18Shaikh 4.4 1.15 19.36 V rus hikes h. Tupe 18 14 -0.6 -2.85 0.36 Total 252 17 -1.6 0.15 2.56 16 -1.6 -0.85 2.56 14 -2.6 -2.85 6.76 15 0.4 -1.85 0.16 17 -1.6 0.15 2.56 20 5.4 3.15 29.16 337 372.8

Deviation x y xyX1M X2M

x2 y2 out ofx*y out of 20 20

0.51 1.11 -5.59 17.01 0.51 32.01 20.16 7.31 -4.14 21.56 17.01 17.01 5.06 1.71 -0.24 1.36 7.41 -0.74 -0.24 17.01 155.8

0.0225 0.7225 8.1225 3.4225 0.0225 9.9225 120.55

Appendix (C)

Appendix (D)
M.C.E SOCIETY JUNIOR COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (ENGLISH MEDIUM) ACTION RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONS 20 MARKS PRE-TEST NAME: ______________________________________________ TIME: 30min

Q.1 Identify the Articles in the sentence. a) Kondhwa is a very dirty city. b) I like the novel. c) Here is an elephant. d) That is a picture. e) Ram is a good boy. f) Amol is the cleverest boy. g) Two times a day. h) Sixty kilometers an hour. i) Mumbai is the biggest city. j) The pen is lost.

10 marks

Q.2)

Q.2 Write correct Articles using the picture clues.

10marks

Appendix (E)
M.C.E SOCIETY JUNIOR COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (ENGLISH MEDIUM) ACTION RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONS 20 MARKS POST-TEST TIME: 30min

Q.1 Write correct articles in blank and write correct picture no in box. 10marks

Q.2Fill in the blanks. a) I saw ..man. b) Two times ..day. c) ..red horse. d) inkpot. e) .great Shivaji. f) ..old man. g) There is unhappy dog. h) He saw doctor. i) He can play flute. j) A cow is .useful animal.

10 marks

Comparison of marks of each student in pre-test and post-test

25 20 15 10 5 0 6 8 9 12 13 15 21 24 25 29 30 31 36 39 40 44 46 48 49 66 PER-TEST POST-TEST