Exploration Chapter 4. Study questions. Answers 4.1 What is the purpose of VTP?

To make the management of VLANs easier by allowing switches to learn about VLANs from each other. What sort of link between switches is needed to transmit VTP advertisements? A trunk link. What are the three VTP modes that a switch could take? Server, client and transparent. What name is given to a group of switches that share VLAN information using VTP? A VTP domain. Which VTP modes allow switches to save VLAN information in the vlan database? Server mode switches store VLAN information for their domain. Transparent mode switches store information about their own VLANs. Which VTP versions can be used on a Catalyst 2960 switch, and which is the default version? Versions 1 and 2 can be used. Version 1 is the default. There is a version 3 that can be used on some switches, but no on the Catalyst 2960. How is a VTP domain identified? By its domain name. Which command is commonly used to display information about VTP? Show vtp status How is a VTP message encapsulated? It is encapsulated inside an Ethernet frame that is tagged using 802.1Q or ISL. What destination MAC address is used for VTP messages?

The multicast address 01-00-0C-CC-CC-CC What does a server switch do to the configuration revision number when a new VLAN is added? Increases it by 1. What is the purpose of including the configuration revision number in a VTP advertisement? It shows the receiving switch whether the advertisement contains more up to date information than the information that it already has. Which type of VTP advertisement contains information about VLANs? The subset advertisement. How often does a switch send out summary advertisements? Every 5 minutes, or when the VLAN configuration is changed. A client switch is reset. How does it obtain VLAN information? It does not have any vlan database of its own, so it needs to obtain VLAN information from a server switch in its domain. It sends out a VTP request advertisement and receives information in a subset advertisement from the server. A client switch receives a summary advertisement with a lower configuration revision number than its own. What does it do? It will forward the summary advertisement to any other switches, but do nothing else about it. There is no newer VLAN information available. A client switch receives a summary advertisement with a higher configuration revision number than its own. What does it do? It sends out a VTP request advertisement and receives information in a subset advertisement from the server. A transparent switch receives a summary advertisement. What does it do? It will forward the summary advertisement to other switches but ignore its contents. Which modes of switch will allow you to create new VLANs?

Server switches (for the domain) and Transparent switches (for local use only). Is it possible to have more than one server switch on a domain? Yes. It is a good idea to have more than one server. If there was only one server and it failed, then the VLAN information would be lost. Is a transparent switch able to obtain VLAN information when it reboots? If the switch has any VLANs configured then they will be saved in the switchs own VLAN database, and they will be retrieved. The switch stays in transparent mode (assuming that the configuration has been saved.) Does any VLAN configuration have to be carried out on a client switch? Switchports need to be assigned to VLANs. This is not done centrally, but is done on each switch. What is the effect of giving the vtp pruning command on a server switch? VTP pruning is enabled for the whole domain. VLAN flood traffic will be sent only where it is needed in the direction of devices on that VLAN. What happens to the vtp configuration revision number of a switch if you change its vtp domain name? It is reset to the default value of 0. Why might you want to change the domain name of a switch temporarily before adding it to an existing VTP domain? If the new switch has a configuration revision number of 0 then there is no danger of the new switch altering the VLAN information in the VTP domain and updating it with the wrong information. Which should you do first on a server, configure the VTP domain name or create the VLANs? Configure the domain name first because this will remove existing VLANs. Which command will make a switch into a VTP client? vtp mode client

If VTP is not working correctly, what should you check? VTP Version. It needs to be the same on all switches in the domain. Domain name. Is it exactly the same on all switches? VTP Password if any. Is it exactly the same on all switches? Check that there is at least one server. Better to have at least two. If you recently added a new switch, had its revision number been set to 0? Is it possible to have a VTP domain where all the switches are in server mode? Yes.

CCNA3 Chapter 4 Practice Test Answers

What is the default Catalyst switch configuration? * * * * VTP version 1, Mode server, Domain name cisco1, revision number 1. VTP version 1, Mode server, no Domain name, revision number 0. VTP version 2, Mode server, no Domain name, revision number 0. VTP version 1, Mode client, Domain name cisco1, revision number 0.

Which switches can only use VTP version 1, and not version 2? * * * * Catalyst 2960 switches All Catalyst switches Older Cisco switches Non-Cisco switches

If you have a domain of switches that are all capable of using version 2, and you want them to use version 2, which switches must you configure for version 2? * * * * All switches All server switches Any server switch Any switch

You have a group of switches that have never been configured for VTP, and you want them to act as a VTP domain. What is the best way of ensuring that they all have the same domain name? * Configure the name on one switch that is in server mode and allow

the name to propagate to the other switches. * Configure the name on one switch, copy the name, and paste it to the other switches. * Configure the name on one switch, copy the configuration to a TFTP server, and download it to the other switches. * It does not matter whether they have the same domain name or not as long as they are using the same version and the same password. Why should you configure a domain name on a server switch before creating the VLANs that you want to share with the domain? * VLANs cannot be created on a switch until the domain name is configured. * Existing VLANs (except the default VLAN) are deleted when you configure a domain name. * VLANs created before the domain name is configured will be local to the switch. * You need to create VLANs in VTP configuration mode.

Which is true about the switches in the diagram? * * * * S1 must be in the same VTP domain as S4 S8 must be in the same VTP domain as S9 S2 cannot be in the same VTP domain as S6 S4 cannot be in the same VTP domain as S7

All the switches have the same VTP domain name. S1 has been configured as a server. Which is true? * All the other switches in the domain must be configured as either client or transparent. * S4 should not be transparent as this will cut S5 and S6 off from the rest of the domain. * S4, S5 and S6 can form their own domain as well as belonging to the same domain as S1. * S5 may be a server switch in the same domain as S1.

Which is true of VTP? * * * * It operates at OSI layer 1 It operates only on Cisco switches A VTP domain can extend beyond a layer 3 switch VTP is enabled by default on Catalyst switches

Which of these is not the name of a VTP advertisement? * * * * Summary advertisement Request advertisement Detail advertisement Subset advertisement

How is a VTP advertisement encapsulated? * * * * In the data field of an IP packet In the data field of an Ethernet frame In a set of extra fields added to the frame header As part of the tag of a tagged Ethernet frame

What does a VTP server switch do if it receives a VTP subset advertisement with a higher revision number than its existing revision number? * It ignores the advertisement because only client switches update their VLAN information from advertisements. * It increases the revision number by 1 and passes the advertisement on to other switches in the domain. * It updates its own VLAN configuration by using the information in the advertisement. * It updates its own revision number but does not use the information contained in the advertisement. What can you not do on a VTP client switch? * * * * Configure the VTP domain name Delete a VLAN Assign a switchport to a VLAN Set a password

In the diagram, switches S1, S2, S3, S5 and S6 all have switchports on VLANs 10, 20 and 30. Switch S4 does not use any of these VLANs. Switch S4 has switchports on VLANs 40 and 50, which are not used elsewhere. How should S4 be configured?

* S4 should be put in transparent mode. * S4 should be a server, and have a different domain name from the other switches. * S4 should have its revision number reset to zero. * S4 should have a different password from the other switches. How many server switches should you have in a VTP domain? * Only one. * It is a good idea to have two, so that there is a back up for the data, but there cannot be more than two. * Up to half the switches can be servers. * At least two, but it is possible for them all to be servers. What happens when a client switch is reloaded? * It loses all its VLAN data and has to be reconfigured. * It loses all its VLAN data and has to learn them again from a server. * It can retrieve its VLANs from NVRAM providing that the configuration has been saved. * It returns to the default server mode. Where can VTP advertisements be sent? * * * * On any links connecting switches. Only on trunk links. Only on links using 802.1Q frame tagging Only on links using ISL frame tagging

The switches have ports assigned to the VLANs shown. What is the best way of restricting VLAN 4 broadcast transmissions in order to cut down unnecessary traffic? * Enable VTP pruning on the switches. * Add a router between S1 and S4. * Have two separate VTP domains, one for S1, S2 and S3 and the other for S4, S5 and S6. * Make S1 into a transparent mode switch. What triggers a VTP server switch to send a summary advertisement? Choose all that apply. * * * * A 5 minute timer expires. A new VLAN has just been configured on the switch. An existing VLAN has just had its name changed. A Switchport had just been moved from one VLAN to another.

The switches are not exchanging VLAN information correctly. What is the likely problem? * * One of the switches is in the wrong mode. One of the switches does not have switchports in VLANs 2 or 3.

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The switches do not all have the same config revision number. The switches are not all in the same VTP domain