Exam Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Based on this gure, which molecule (if any) could be attached to the 5' end of the right-hand DNA strand? 1)

A) phosphate B) adenine C) deoxyribose D) cytosine E) No molecule could attach to this end.

2) Suppose a scientist working on a new drug for cancer developed a chemical that irreversibly breaks the hydrogen bonds in the DNA molecules within cancerous cells but leaves all of the covalent bonds intact. Hydrogen bonds are relatively weak compared to covalent bonds, and they are routinely broken and reformed as the DNA molecule is replicated in a normal cell. Their stability is nonetheless critical for maintaining certain aspects of the structure and function of the DNA molecule. Based on this scenario and your knowledge of DNA, how would this newly discovered chemical affect the "molecule of heredity" in a human cancer cell? A) It would break the two strands of the DNA molecule apart, preventing it from functioning normally. B) It would result in constant DNA replication within the cell. C) It would allow the DNA molecule to function normally except during replication. D) It would break the individual strands of the DNA molecule apart, preventing it from functioning normally. SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 3) ________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs during DNA replication. 4) Segments of DNA that are made during replication are joined together by ________. 5) DNA is copied within eukaryotic cells in the process of ________ to produce two identical DNA molecules. 3)

2)

4) 5)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6) Based on this table, which polypeptide would be synthesized from the mRNA base sequence AUGCCUGACUUA? 6)

A) met-pro-asp-tyr B) met-phe -glu-leu C) ile -pro-ala-tyr D) phe -met-pro-leu E) met-pro-asp-leu 7) In the fungus Neurospora, a metabolic pathway synthesizes the amino acid Z (which is essential for its survival) from the precursor W. The intermediates X and Y are also produced in this pathway. The enzymes E1, E2, and E3 catalyze three reactions in the process, as shown: E1 E2 E3 WXYZ X -ray radiation can be used to create a mutant strain of Neurospora that has a defective gene sequence for E2. Based on this scenario, the mutant strain will survive on media that contain: A) only W or X. B) only Z. C) only Y or Z. D) only X. E) W, X, Y, or Z. 7)

8) Imagine that the short DNA base sequence GGCTGC is transcribed and then translated by a ribosome. The following activated tRNA molecules are available in the cytoplasm: tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid GGC proline CGU alanine UGC threonine CCG glycine ACG cysteine CGG alanine What resulting dipeptide will form? A) alanine-alanine B) threonine -glycine C) cysteine-alanine D) glycine-cysteine E) proline -threonine 9) A man spends his lifetime perfecting his painting skills. He has his daughter paint as well. He expects his grandson to be a world-famous painter. Whose theory is this man using? A) Lamarck B) Lyell C) Buffon D) Darwin E) Cuvier 10) Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a ve-year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original sh population? A) The sh with green scales will become more common. B) The sh will develop to resemble the introduced frog. C) No visible changes will occur in the sh population. D) Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. E) Brown -scaled sh will become more common. 11) Two sisters from the middle of the United States move. One loves snow and moves north to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The other moves south to the warm Gulf Coast. Each takes seeds from a variety of poppy that has been in the family for generations. Ten years later, the plants have changed. Those in the north are stocky, have reddish-purple owers, and bloom within a month of planting. Those in the south have become tall, have single pink owers, and bloom several months after planting. What has most likely happened? A) allopatric speciation B) temporal isolation C) adaptive radiation D) population bottleneck E) behavioral incompatibility 12) Assume a genetic analysis of a sick animal's DNA indicates that part of one chromosome does not belong to the animal. It is foreign DNA and is not similar to any of the animal's normal genes. It most likely comes from a(n): A) archaeal infection. B) prion infection. C) viral infection. D) fungal infection. E) bacterial infection.

8)

9)

10)

11)

12)

13) You discover a new "thing." It has only RNA as a nucleic acid and lacks both a membrane and cytoplasm. This "thing" is a(n): A) bacteria. B) fungus. C) prion. D) virus. E) archaea.

13)

Answer Key Testname: GUIA OCTAVO

1) C 2) A 3) DNA helicase 4) DNA ligase 5) replication 6) E 7) C 8) E 9) A 10) A 11) A 12) C 13) D