DEPARTMENT OF

ELECTRICAL POWER ENGINEERING

POWER ELECTROCNICS IV
(PETR401)
PRACTICAL SIMULATION REPORT

TITTLE:
SINGLE PHASE AC VOLTAGE REGULATOR WITH
INDUCTIVE LOAD

4/23/2013
Student number: 21141631
Name: Vunda CF

Lecturer
Mr. Eamon Bussy

Contents
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ 1
1- Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.1- Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 2
2- Thyristor type selection ............................................................................................................................ 3
2.1- Firing angle Calculations ................................................................................................................... 3
2.2- Instantaneous value of the load current calculation ........................................................................... 3
2.4- Current and Voltage waveforms ........................................................................................................ 4
3- Calculation and Measurement of voltage and currents output values. ..................................................... 5
4- Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................ 5
5- Recommendations .................................................................................................................................... 5
6- References ................................................................................................................................................ 6
7- Appendix .................................................................................................................................................. 7
7.1- Appendix (a) ...................................................................................................................................... 7
7.2- Appendix (b) ...................................................................................................................................... 8

List of Tables
Table 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 3
Table 2 ............................................................................................................................................ 3
Table 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 5
List of figures
Figure 1 ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 4

1- Introduction
An ac voltage controller (regulator) is a type of thyristor power converter which is used to
convert a fixed voltage, fixed frequency ac input supply to obtain a variable voltage ac output.
The RMS value of the ac output voltage and the ac power flow to the load is controlled by
varying (adjusting) the trigger angle
This experiment contains information regarding the simulation work performed, using the
computerized software package PSIM 9.2.1 version.
The RMS and Peak values of the voltages and current calculated, has not differed from the
reading obtained in the simulation (wave forms).

1.1- Objectives
A single phase AC load consists of a resistance of 20 in series with an inductance of 50mH. It
is fed from a 240V, 50Hz source through a static switch consisting of two anti-parallel thyristors.

Designing the circuit and simulate its operation

Selecting suitable thyristors from a power electronics supplier.
Determining the firing angle range
Determining an equation that maybe used to calculate the instantaneous value of the load
current while a thyristor is conducting.
Draw the circuit diagram and give the values of all components.
Draw the voltage and current waveforms to analyse the circuit.

2- Thyristor type selection

For this practical simulation two thyristors have been used. The thyristors have the following
specifications:
12A on-state (RMS) current, MCR12D, case 221A-06 to 220AB style 3, from MANTECH
ELECTRONICS international component distributor. See appendix (a)
2.1- Firing angle Calculations
Table 1
Givens
R=20

L=50mH

Inductive reactance (XL)

Load Impedance (Z)

Vk=2*Vs=339.4V

Vs=240V

XL=2fL XL=15.71
Z=R+jXL
Z=20+J15.71

f= 50Hz

Z=25.43

Impedance angle ( )
The firing () range is:

38.14 < < 180

Firing angle ()

2.2- Instantaneous value of the load current calculation

Table 2
Givens
Vk=339.4V
Peak Current

= 45

Z=25.43

R/X=1.27

13.35A

Instantaneous
Current

(A)

2.3- Circuit Diagram

Figure 1

2.4- Current and Voltage waveforms

Figure 2

3- Calculation and Measurement of voltage and currents output values.

Table 3

Calculated values
Givens
Vs=240V, Firing angle = 45 , R=20, conduction angle
(taken from the graph)
see appendix
Extinction
= + = 45 +
= 217 = 3.787radian
angle ()
RMS
V(RMS)=
V(RMS)= 235.3V
voltage(Vo)
Peak Voltage Vk =
= 339.4V
(Vk)
Peak current Ik = =
= 13.3A, at 7,2msec
(Ik)

Measured values
Vo (RMS)
Io (RMS)
Vo (k)
Io (k)

234V
9.1A
339.4V
13.1A

4- Conclusion
Single-phase AC voltage rms can be controlled by on-off control or phase delay control.
By controlling the phase delay it is possible to control the AC output voltage rms value
between 0 and the source rms voltage value.It is important to know beforehand the load
angle in order to be able to control the output voltage properly
In this experiment the RMS and Peak values of the current and voltages given from the
calculations have not differed quite a lot from the reading values obtained in the simulation.

5- Recommendations
In order to obtain almost the same results (calculated and reading values), the DC voltage source
of 240Vdv and a firing angle of 45 should be used.

6- References
1. VITHAYATHIL, J. 1995. Power electronics: principles and applications, New York ;
Johannesburg, McGraw-Hill
2. KASSAKIAN, J. G., VERGHESE, G. C. & SCHLECHT, M. F. 1991. Principles of
power electronics, Reading, Mass, Addison-Wesley.

Internet researches
www.mantech.co.za/categories.aspx
http://forum.allaboutcircuits.com/showthread.php?t=44466
http://www.neopower.hk/Automatic-voltage-regulator-AVR/Single-Phase-Servo-VoltageStabilizer.html
http://www.pantechsolutions.net/power-electronics/introduction-of-single-phase-ac-voltagecontroller
http://pe.gastli.net/Chapter5/PE_CH5.pdf

7- Appendix
7.1- Appendix (a)

7.2- Appendix (b)

Extinction angle () graph