Bio 375 Practice Exam 3

1.

An early indicator of increasing intracranial pressure is:

A. B. C. D. 2.

papilledema bilateral fixed dilated pupils decreasing responsiveness rapid heart rate

Which of the following applies to Parkinsons disease?

A. B. C. D. 3.

onset occurs in men and women over 60 years of age there is a strong genetic component the majority of cases are predisposed by intake of antipsychotic medications it rarely develops in women

All of the following are typical signs of hydrocephalus in the neonate except:

A. B. C. D. 4.

enlarged head with bulging fontanels vomiting, headache, and paralysis irritability and feeding difficulties eyes are turned downward with sclerae showing above the pupils

All individuals with cerebral palsy have:

A. B. C. D. 5.

some loss of cognitive function one or more types of seizure serious multiple communication difficulties a form of motor disability

A myelomeningocele is described as:

A. B. C. D. 6.

failure of the posterior spinous processes of the vertebrae to fuse (asymptomatic) herniation of the meninges and CSF through the vertebral defect herniation of the meninges, CSF, and spinal cord or nerves through the vertebral defect herniation of brain tissue through a defect in the cranium

Which of the following relates to polycystic kidney disease?

A. B. C. D.

it affects only one of the kidneys it results in gradual degeneration and chronic renal failure the kidneys are displaced and the ureters are twisted the prognosis is good because there is adequate reserve for normal life

7.

In end-stage renal failure or uremia, hypocalcemia develops primarily because of:

A. B. C. D.

decreased parathyroid hormone secretion insufficient calcium in the diet excessive excretion of calcium ions in the urine a deficit of activated vitamin D and hyperphosphatemia

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8.

An irregular curvature of the cornea or lens causes:

A. B. C. D. 9.

nystagmus astigmatism hyperopia strabismus

The damage with a depressed skull fracture is best described as:

A. B. C. D.

a bone fragment penetrates and tears brain tissue many fracture lines are present a section of skull bone is displaced below the level of the skull, causing pressure on the brain a fracture at the base of the skull results in leakage of CSF from the ear

10.

The most common area to be affected in spina bifida is the lower thoracic area. Which of the following is a correct statement about transient ischemic attacks?

11.

A. B. C. D. 12.

they usually cause necrosis and permanent brain damage rupture of an aneurysm or damaged artery may cause a TIA they usually indicate systemic hypertension they often warn of potential cerebrovascular accidents

Aphasia refers to:

A. B. C. D. 13.

the inability to comprehend or express language appropriately difficulty swallowing loss of the visual field contralateral to the area of damage the inability to articulate words clearly

Vertigo occurs with Menieres syndrome because:

A. B. C. D. 14.

of loss of fluid from the inner ear increased blood pressure causes edema in the middle and inner ears of damage to the vestibular branch of the auditory nerve excessive endolymph damages hair cells in the labyrinth

Anemia accompanies chronic renal failure because of:

A. B. C. D. 15.

blood loss via the urine renal insensitivity to vitamin D inadequate production of erythropoietin inadequate retention of serum iron

A vegetative state refers to:

A. B. C. D.

depression of the RAS and inability to initiate action loss of awareness and intellectual function but continued brainstem function continuing intellectual function but inability to communicate or move disorientation and confusion with decreased responsiveness

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16.

Which statement does NOT apply to chronic glaucoma?

A. B. C. D. 17.

degeneration and obstruction of gradual increase in intraocular abnormally narrow angle between damage to the retina and optic

the trabecular network pressure the cornea and iris nerve

Following a head injury, secondary damage to the brain is most likely to occur because of:

A. B. C. D.

hematoma or infection laceration by foreign objects a crushing force applied to the brain tearing of blood vessels as the brain rotates across the inside of the skull

18.

The pathophysiologic changes in Parkinsons disease are best described as:

A. B. C. D.

degeneration of motor fibers in the pyramidal tracts excess secretion of stimulatory neurotransmitters in the CNS degeneration of the basal nuclei with a deficit of dopamine deficit of acetylcholine and degeneration of the motor cortex in the frontal lobe

19.

Increased ASO titer and elevated serum ASK are typical abnormalities found with:

A. B. C. D. 20.

nephrotic syndrome acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis pyelonephritis polycystic kidney

The effects of infarction owing to obstruction in the right anterior cerebral artery would include:

A. B. C. D. 21.

some visual loss sensory deficit involving the upper body aphasia contralateral weakness in the leg, impaired spatial relationships

Signs of a detached retina include:

A. B. C. D.

painless blurring of vision eye pain, halos aroundlights, and nausea loss of central vision no pain, but increasing dark area in the visual field

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22.

Contributing factors to headache, anorexia, and lethargy associated with kidney disease include: 1. increased blood pressure 2. elevated serum urea 3. hypovolemia 4. acidosis

A. B. C. D. 23.

1, 2, 1, 2,

4 3 2, 4 3, 4

A brain tumor causes headache because the tumor:

A. B. C. D. 24.

causes ischemic pain in the brain stretches the meninges and blood vessel walls erodes the skull presses on sensory fibers in cranial nerves

With a case of otitis media, a purulent discharge in the external canal of the ear and some pain relief would likely indicate:

A. B. C. D. 25.

infection of the external ear obstruction of the auditory tube rupture of the tympanic membrane spread of infection into the mastoid cells

If the auditory association area in the left hemisphere is damaged, the effect would be:

A. B. C. D. 26.

loss of hearing in both ears inability to understand what is heard loss of hearing in the left ear inability to locate the source of the sound

Obstruction of the ureter by a renal calculus would cause:

A. B. C. D. 27.

mild flank pain on the affected side hydronephrosis in both kidneys immediate cessation of urine production an attack of renal colic

The rationale for vomiting with increased intracranial pressure is:

A. B. C. D. T F 28.

chemoreceptors responding to changes in the blood pressure extending to spinal nerves pressure on the emetic center in the medulla stimuli to the hypothalamic center for hunger and thirst

Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease.

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29.

Generalized seizures are characterized by:

A. B. C. D. 30.

the localization of the seizure activity the uncontrolled discharge of neurons in both hemispheres seizures that persist for several hours vivid recollection of the actual seizure

An example of conduction deafness would be:

A. B. C. D. 31.

damage to the organ of Corti degeneration of cranial nerve VIII adhesions reducing the movement of the ossicles trauma affecting the temporal lobe

Wilms tumor is related to:

A. B. C. D. 32.

direct exposure to carcinogens hormonal imbalance repeated infections a chromosomal defect

Which of the following would likely cause chronic renal failure?

A. B. C. D. T F 33.

unilateral pyelonephritis circulatory shock persistent glomerulonephritis obstruction by a renal calculus

Spina bifida is often seen in conjunction with hydrocephalus.

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Answer Key for Test "PracticeExam3 S03.tst", 7/10/2007 No. in No. on Q-Bank Test Correct Answer 22 10 1 C 23 14 2 A 23 2 3 B 23 5 4 D 23 3 5 C 21 37 6 B 21 44 7 D 24 3 8 B 22 28 9 C 23 28 10 F 22 19 11 D 22 9 12 A 24 15 13 D 41 33 14 C 22 7 15 B 24 5 16 C 22 29 17 A 23 15 18 C 21 25 19 B 22 35 20 D 24 9 21 D 21 45 22 C 22 13 23 B 24 13 24 C 22 3 25 B 21 32 26 D 22 11 27 C 23 32 28 T 23 7 29 B 24 12 30 C 21 38 31 D 21 42 32 C 23 29 33 T

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