ESTIMATING AND COSTING M.D.JADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Q.1 DefineA) Estimate B) Estimating C) Costing Ans.

A) Estimate is defined as calculation of probable cost of the project. The probable cost can be obtained by determining the quantities of construction work and current rates. B) Estimating is defined as the process of preparing the estimate. In this process first taking out the quantities of various items, and then abstracted to get the cost of work. C) Costing is defined as the determination of actual cost of work before its execution. Q.2 What is the purpose of estimating and costing? Ans. i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. To know the approximate cost of work. To know the approximate quantity of the material and labour required. For technical sanction of the project. For inviting tenders and arranging contracts. To know the time period required for construction. To control over expenditure.

Q.3 What are the types of Estimate? Ans. Mainly there are two types of estimatea) Approximate estimate b) Detailed estimate Types of approximate estimatei. ii. iii. iv. v. Plinth area estimate Cube rate estimate Typical bay method Service unit method Approximate quantity estimate

Types of detailed estimatei. ii. iii. iv. v. Item rate method Revised estimate Supplementary estimate Supplementary and Revised estimate Annual repair estimate. Page 1

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ESTIMATING AND COSTING Q. Explain any one method of approximate estimate in brief. Ans. i. Plinth area estimate

This method of estimate is based on plinth area of building. The rate per unit plinth area is determined by cost of construction of previously constructed building having same specification and locality. The plinth area of proposed new building is work out and multiply with rate to get the cost. Rate = Cost of construction/ plinth area Cost of new building = Plinth area x Rate Cube rate estimate

ii.

This method of estimate is based on cubical content of building. The rate per cubic unit is determined by cost of construction of previously constructed building having same specification and locality. Cubical content means volume of proposed new building is work out (L x B x H) and multiply with rate to get the cost. Rate = Cost of construction/ volume of existing building. Cost of new building = Volume of new building x Rate iii. Service unit method

Each building is constructed to serve some purpose Ex- hostel building, Hospital building. The rate per service unit is determined by cost of construction of previously constructed building having same specification and locality. Estimate is per student for hostel, per bed for hospital, per seat for cinema hall etc. Rate = Cost of construction/ total no. of service unit in existing building. Cost of new building = No. of service unit in new building x Rate iv. Typical bay method

This method of estimate is used for factory building. The estimate of one bay is determined by cost of construction of previously constructed factory building, using other methods and then estimate the cost of new building.

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ESTIMATING AND COSTING Q. Explain the various types of detailed estimate. Ans. 1) Item rate methodFor the detailed estimate, estimator should know all the items required to complete the project. For detailed estimate first calculate the exact quantity of various items of work in the measurement sheet. It requires the study of detailed drawing, specification and rates. For example if you want to prepare the detailed estimate of new residential building then following items requireda) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Clearing of site Excavation of foundation PCC Footings UCR masonry in plinth for wall foundation BBM in super structure RCC columns, slab, beams, lintels etc. Plaster Doors windows Paint etc.

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