Logic Design & Switching Circuits

Engineering

Institute of Industrial Electronics

XOR Gates

LAB SESSION 04 XOR Gates

OBJECTIVE
Verify the Truth Table of XOR Gate With Two and Three Inputs.

APPARATUS
Power Supply Resistors LEDs Jumper wires DIP switches Quad 2-input XOR Gate (74LS86)

THEORY: Exclusive-OR Gate:

An exclusive or gate is a gate in which high output is obtained only when both the input are at opposite condition likewise if one input is low and other is high then the output will be high .

INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1

OUTPUT X 0 1 1 0

The Internal Structure of XOR Gate is Shown Below.

7486 XOR Gate

22

Logic Design & Switching Circuits

Engineering

Institute of Industrial Electronics

XOR Gates

The 3 input XOR gate can easily be made through two XOR gates. As shown in figure below.
2 3 U1A 74LS86N 4 74LS86N 1 U2A

Circuit Diagram: XOR Gate: For Two inputs:

J2 0 J1 5 4 U1 2 R1 100 0 0 3
1A VCC 1B 4B 1Y 4A 2A 4Y 2B 3B 2Y 3A GND 3Y

LED1

74LS86N 0

V1 5V

For Three inputs:

J1 J3 J2 0 9 6 5 U3 10 V2 5V 0
VCC 4B 4A 4Y 3B 3A 3Y 1A 1B 1Y 2A 2B 2Y GND

0 U1

13 R1 100 0

11

7 0 LED 0

1A 1B 1Y 2A 2B 2Y GND

VCC 4B 4A 4Y 3B 3A 3Y

V1 5V 0

74LS86N

74LS86N

22

Logic Design & Switching Circuits

Engineering

Institute of Industrial Electronics

XOR Gates

PROCEDURE:
Construct the circuit as shown below. Now close the dip switch and power-on the voltage source. Observe the status of the LED. Now open the dip switch and placed to ground state one by one and observe the status of the LED.

SIMULATION RESULTS: Two Inputs:

A Two-Input Gate has two inputs to deal with. It is the minimum possible input gate for XOR. Below is the operation of Two-Input XOR-Gate with logic circuits corresponding to various input combinations!

Three Inputs:
A Three-Input Gate has three inputs to deal with. It is the 1st higher order gate with respect to the two-input gate. Below is the operation of Three-Input XOR-Gate with logic circuits corresponding to various input combinations!

22

Logic Design & Switching Circuits

Engineering

Institute of Industrial Electronics

XOR Gates

OBSERVATIONS:
XOR-Gate: For TWO Inputs: From the circuit It is being observed that the results are in accordance with the truth table, when we close one dip switch the LED turns on while it is OFF when the both the switches are open or Closed for 2 inputs XOR gate. Hence we have the Truth Table as our Observation Table:

INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1

OUTPUT X 0 1 1 0

XOR-Gate: For THREE Inputs: From the circuit it is being observed that the results are in accordance with the truth table, when any two Inputs are stated as ground then the LED turns on shows output status is HIGH, while LED is OFF when any two of inputs are switched to High. While LED is ON when all the inputs are high & the Output Status is Low When All the Inputs are on LOW State. Hence we have the Truth Table as our Observation Table:

A 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

INPUTS B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

OUTPUT X 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1

CONCLUSION:
The behavior of Exclusive-OR-Gate with Two and Three Inputs was studied and its truth table was verified.