Biology Block 1 - Questions 1.

According to your textbook, a complex polypeptide formed by amino acid Colorado, is first broken down in this important site of the GIT system (where is protein first digested in the GIT system)? a. Stomach b. Duodenum 2. Trypsin works at 8.0 pH (breaks down protein into amino acid in duodenum), a. Duodenum b. Stomach c. Jejunum 3. Sugar a. b. c. d. produced by photosynthesis is used by all? except? To produce biomass Used to make ATP To produce raw material (DNA) All of the above

4. _______ test used to test for _______ a. Ethanol test and Grease spot test; fats b. Biuret test; protein c. Benedict and fehlings test and ; carbohydrates 5. Most enzymes work at 7.0-7.5 pH, however pepsin works best at ____ pH, because it is produced and act _______. a. 2.5; stomach (pepsin breaks down protein) b. 2.2; duodenum c. 7.5;stomach 6. Increase of combustion of fossil fuel increase ____ concentration a. Carbon dioxide b. Oxygen c. Nitrogen 7. Which microorganism causes aids? a. Viruses Only b. Bacteria and viruses c. Bacteria only

8. Stomach of a 6 month old girl produces ____ enzyme to curdle or cord the milk she receives from her mother then this enzyme _____ breaks milk into what _____ a. Renin; polypeptides to amino acids b. Renin; protein to polypeptides 9. Which of these is the correct order for stages of aerobic respiration a. Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport b. Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis c. Electron transport, kreb cycle, glycolysis 10. Which of these is not found in prokaryotic cells a. True Nucleus b. Cell wall c. Cell membrane 11. Where is the most ATP in eukaryotic cells produced? a. Mitochondria b. Golgi bodies c. Ribosomes 12. _____ carried by lymphs in blood and stored around organs and used in forming new membranes in cell a. Fat molecules b. Amino acids c. All of the above 13. Functions of the liver: a. Carbohydrate, lipid, protein metabolism b. Production of bile c. Storage of minerals (iron and potassium) d. Synthesis of plasma proteins (prothrombin, fibrinogen = for blood clotting) e. Detoxification f. Breakdown of red blood cells g. Production of heat 14. Protozoa are _______ and _______ organisms a. Unicellular; heterotrophs b. Unicellular; autotrophs c. Multicellular; autotrophs d. Multicellular; hetertrophs

15. What will be the problem if we dont have enough water for photosynthesis. Rate of photosynthesis will drop because ______? a. Water is a raw material b. Stomach will close 16. Where does chemical digestion generally occur? a. Duodenum b. Esophagus 17. Energy that originated from transport of light dependent reactions for photosynthesis in the Kelvins Cycle? a. ATP and NADPH b. ATP and NADH+ 18. Which of the following substances produce in a muscle that operates anerobically? a. Acetylcholine b. NADPH c. Citric Acid d. Lactic Acid 19. Production of ATP occurs in all of following except: a. Light Independent reaction b. Light dependent reaction c. Glycolysis d. Kreb cycle 20. Match organism with correct function: a. Nucleus- Protein synthesis b. ER- Transcription c. Lysosome- Lipid Hydrolysis 21. In fermentation 1 molecule of glucose produces how many ATP? a. 2 ATP in aerobic respiration; 36 ATP 22. In lab animals, carbon is found in what? a. Carbon, lipid, not protein b. None of the above 23. David did an experiment on his student, though his student respire _____, his muscles were able to respire ______, during ____? a. Aerobically, anaerobically, prolonged exercises b. Anaerobically, aerobically, prolonged exercises

24. Nitrogen cycle, processes: a. Nitrogen fixation; Decay; Nitrification; Denitrification 25. Light-dependent reactions take place where? a. Thylakoid, Grana, Stroma 26. Fungi reproduce by _________ a. Asexually only b. Sexually only c. Sexually and asexually 27. In Krebs cycle: a. NDPH produced in ETC 28. Exoskeleton is in: a. Arthropods* b. Mammals c. Humans 29. Three phases in the Calvin Cycle and theyre in this order: a. Carbon fixation, sugar formation, regeneration of ribose 30. What part of aerobic respiration provides the greatest number of ATP a. ETC electron transport chain 31. What uses photosynthesis? a. Animals and plants b. All living organisms c. Plants only d. All of the above 32. Acid rain forms when what two gases dissolve in the atmospheric water vapor? a. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide (oxides of sulfur and nitrogen) 33. When there is no sunlight plants become yellow and leaves get smaller. What type of growth? a. Etiolation b. Evolution c. Degeneration 34. Which of these is not found in the nucleus?

a. b. c. d. e.

Functioning ribosomes Chromatin that condenses to ribosomes Nucleolus that produces rRNA Nucleoplasm instead of cytoplasm All forms of RNA

35. Vesicles from ER most likely are on their way to? a. Rough ER b. Lysosomes c. Golgi apparatus d. Plant cell vacuole e. Location suitable to their size 36. Mitochondria a. Are involved in cellular respiration b. Break down ATP to release energy for the cells c. Contain grana and cristae d. Are present in animal cells but not plant cells e. All of the above 37. Which organelle release oxygen? a. Ribosomes b. Golgi apparatus c. Mitochondria d. Chloroplast e. Smooth ER 38. Which of these is not true? a. Actin filaments are found in muscle cells b. Microtubules radiate out from the ER c. Intermediate filaments sometimes contain keratin d. Motor molecules use microtubules as tracks 39. Which of the following organelles contains (their) its own DNA, which suggest they were once independent prokaryotes? a. Golgi apparatus b. Mitochondria c. Chloroplasts d. Ribosomes e. Both b and c are correct 40. Which organelle most likely originated by invagination of the plasma membrane?

a. b. c. d. e.

Mitochondria Flagella Nucleus Chloroplast All of these are correct

41. Which structures are found in the prokaryotic cells? a. Cell wall, ribosomes, thylokoids, chromosomes b. Cell wall, plasma membrane, true nucleus, flagellum c. Nucleoid, ribosomes, chloroplasts, capsule d. Plasmid, ribosomes, enzymes, golgi apparatus, plasmids 42. What two colors of light drive most of photosynthesis? a. Red and green b. Blue and green c. Red and blue d. Green and yellow 43. The continuous part of the plasma membrane is the a. Carbohydrate b. Phospholipids bilayer c. Nucleotides d. protein