Targate-Maths Booklet (Non Dowloadable)

ENGINEERING
MATHEMATICS
Objective Paper Topic & Level-wise

GATE
For Electrical, Mechanical, CS/IT & Electronics & Comm.
Engg.

Product of,
TARGATE EDUCATION
a team of

Copyright TARGATE EDUCATION, Bilaspur-2013

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No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
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permission of the TARGATE EDUCATION.

Authors:
Subject Experts @TRGATE EDUCATION, BILASPUR

TARGATE EDUCATION
Ground Floor, Below Old Arpa Bridge,J abdapara,
SARKANDA RD. Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh) 495001
Phone No: 07752406380,093004-32128 (01:30 PM - 07:30 PM, Wed-Off)
Web Address: www.targate.org, E-Contact: info@targate.org

SYLLABUS: ENGG. MATHEMATICS
GATE 2013
EE /ECEC
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial
Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line,
Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value
problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theoremand integral formula, Taylors and Laurent series,
Residue theorem, solution integrals.
Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation,
Randomvariables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson,Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and
regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential
equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform,Laplace transform, Z-transform.
Mechanical Engineering (ME)
Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of
definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and
Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems.
Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms,
Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series.
Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median,
mode and standard deviation, Randomvariables, Poisson,Normal and Binomial distributions.
Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and
Simpsons rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

Computer Science and Information Technology (CS)
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; RandomVariables; Distributions;
uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations;
asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring;
Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic
equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpsons
rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of
definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.

Expert Comment
Comparing to the ME syllabus EE/EC has an extra topic TransformTheory. ME students need not to read this topics.
CS students have to refer topics fromthis booklet which is listed in there syllabus. Remaining topic for CS will be
covered in separate booklet.

Page 5 www.targate.org

Table of Contents
LINEAR ALGEBRA 7
1.1 PROPERTY BASED PROBLEM 7
1.2 DETERMINANTE 10
1.3 ADJOINT - INVERSE 11
1.4 EIGEN VALUES& EIGEN VECTORS 13
1.5 RANK 19
1.6 SOLUTION OF LINEAREQUATION 21
1.7 MISCELLANEOUS 26
1.8 CALY- HAMILTON 31
CALCULUS 32
2.1 MEAN VALUE THEOREM 32
2.2 MAXIMA AND MINIMA 32
2.3 DIFFERENTIALCALCULUS 34
2.4 INTEGRALCALCULUS 36
2.5 LIMIT AND CONTINUITY 39
2.6 SERIES 43
2.7 VECTOR CALCULUS 44
2.8 AREA / VOLUME 51
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 55
3.1 DEGREE AND ORDER OF DE 55
3.2 HIGHER ORDER DE 56
3.3 LEIBNITZLINEAR EQUATION 61
COMPLEX VARIABLE 66
4.1CAUCHYSTHEOREM 66
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS 74
5.2 COMBINATION 74
5.3 PROBABILITY RELATED PROBLEMS 75
5.4 BAYSTHEOREMS 80
5.5 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION 80
5.6 RANDOM VARIABLE 82
5.7 EXPECTION 85
5.8 SET THEORY 86
NUMERICAL METHODS 87
6.1 CLUBBED PROBLEM 87
6.2NEWTON-RAP SON 89
6.3 DIFFERENTIAL 93
6.4 INTEGRATION 93
TRANSFORM THEORY 95

Page 7 www.targate.org

01
Li near A lgebr a

Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- CS/ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS
.
1.1 Property Based Problem

Question Level 0 (Basic Problems)

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE CS 1994]
(01) If A and B are real symmetric matrices of order n
then which of the following is true.

(A) A A
T
=I (B) A =A
-1

(C) AB =BA (D) (AB)
T
=B
T
A
T

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE PI 1994]
(02) If for a matrix, rank equals both the number of
rows and number of columns, then the matrix is
called

(A) Non-singular (B) singular

(C) Transpose (D) Minor

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L0 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE CE 2000]
(03) If A, B, C are square matrices of the same order
then
1
( ) ABC

is equal be

(A)
1 1 1
C A B

(B)
1 1 1
C B A

(C)
1 1 1
A B C

(D)
1 1 1
A C B

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE CE 2008]
(04) The product of matrices
1
( ) PQ P
is
(A)
1
P
(B)
1
Q

(C)
1 1
P Q P

(D)
1
P Q P

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

(01) If A is a real square matrix then AA
T
is

(A) Un symmetric

(B) Always symmetric

(C) Skew symmetric

(D) Sometimes symmetric

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE CE 1998]
(02) In matrix algebra AS =AT (A, S, T, are matrices
of appropriate order) implies S =T only if

(A) A is symmetric

(B) A is singular

(C) A is non-singular

(D) A is skew=symmetric
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Page 8 TARGATE EDUCATION: GATE, IES, PSU (EE/ EC/ ME/ CS)

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE IN 2001]
(03) The necessary condition to diagonalizable a
matrix is that

(A) Its all Eigen values should be distinct

(B) Its Eigen values should be independent

(C) Its Eigen values should be real

(D) The matrix is non-singular

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE EC 2005]
(04) Given an orthogonal matrix A =

1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 0 0
0 0 1 1
(
(

(
(
(

1
( )
T
AA

Is ____

(A)
4
1
4
I (B)
4
1
2
I

(C) I (D)
4
1
3
I

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ME 2007]
(05) If a square matrix A is real and symmetric then
the Eigen values

(A) Are always real

(B) Are always real and positive

(C) Are always real and non-negative

(D) Occur in complex conjugate pairs

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE EC 2010]
(06) The Eigen values of a skew-symmetric matrix are

(A) Always zero

(B) Always pure imaginary

(C) Either zero (or) pure imaginary

(D) Always real

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ME 2011]
(07) Eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are
always

(A) Positive (B) Negative

(C) Real (D) 162. [A] is square

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE CS 2001]
(01) Consider the following statements

S
1
: The sumof two singular matrices may be
singular.

S
2
: The sumof two non-singulars may be non-
singular.

This of the following statements is true.

(A) S
1
& S
2
are both true

(B) S
1
& S
2
are both false

(C) S
1
is true and S
2
is false

(D) S
1
is false and S
2
is true

TOPIC. 01 LINEAR ALGEBRA
www.targate.org Page 9

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE EE 2008]
(02) A is mx n full rank matrix with m>n and I is an
identity matrix. Let matrix
1
( ) .
T T
A A A A
+
=
then which one of the following statements is
false?

(A) AA
+
A =A (B) (AA
+
)
2
=AA
+

(C) A
+
A =I (D) AA
+
A =A
+

(03) A square matrix B is symmetric if -------------

(A) B
T
=B (B) B
T
=B

(C) B
1
=B (D) B
1
=B
T

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE CE 1998]
(01) The real symmetric matrix C corresponding to
the quadratic formQ =
1 2 1 2
4 5 x x x x is

(A)
1 2
2 5
(
(

(B)
2 0
0 5
(
(

(C)
1 1
1 2
(
(

(D)
0 2
2 5
(
(

(02) Consider the following two statements.

(I) The maximum number of linearly
independent column vectors of a matrix A is
called the rank of A.
(II) If A is n n square matrix then it will be
non-singular is rank of A =n
(A) Both the statements are false

(B) Both the statements are true

(C) (I) is true but (II) is false

(D) (I) is false but (II) is true

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE CE 2004]
(03) Real matrices | | | | | | | |
3 1, 3 3 3 5
, , , A B C D
53
| |
5
, E
5
| |
1
F
5
are given. Matrices [B] and [E]
are symmetric. Following statements are made
with respect to their matrices.

(I) Matrix product [F]
T
[C]
T
[B] [C] [F] is a scalar.
Matrix product [D]
T
[F] [D] is always
symmetric. With reference to above
statements which of the following applies?

(A) Statement (I) is true but (II) is false

(B) Statement (I) is false but (II) is true

(C) Both the statements are true

(D) Both the statements are false

eE1 / T1 / K1 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE EE 2008]
(04) Let P be 2x2 real orthogonal matrix and x is a
real vector | |
1 2
T
x x with length || || x =
2 2 1/2
1 2
( ) x x + Then which one of the following
statement is correct?

(A) || || || || px x s where at least one vector
satisfies || || || || px x <


(B) || || || || px x s for all vectors x

(C) || || || || px x = when atleast one vector satisfies
|| || x and || || px

(D) No relationship can be established between
|| || x and || || px

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE CS 2008]
(05) The following system of equations
1 2 3
2 1, x x x + + =
1 1 3
2 3 x x x + + ,
1 1 3
4 4 x x x + + = has a unique solution solution.
The only possible value(s) for is/are

(A) 0 (B) either 0 (or) 1

(C) one of 0, 1 (or) 1 (D) any real number

(06) [A] is a square matrix which is neither symmetric
nor skew-symmetric and [A]
T
is its transpose.
The sumand differences of these matrices are
defined as [S] =[A] +[A]
T
and [D] =[A] [A]
T

respectively. Which of the following statements
is true?

(A) Both [S] and [D] are symmetric

(B) Both [S] and [D] are skew-symmetric

(C) [S] is skew-symmetric and [D] is symmetric

(D) [S] is symmetric and [D] is skew-symmetric

-----00000-----

1.2 Determinante

Question Level 00 (Basic Problem)

eE1 / T1 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE PI 1994]
(01) The value of the following determinant
1 4 9
4 9 16
9 16 25
is

(A) 8 (B) 12

(C) 12 (D) 8

Question Level 01

eE1 / T1 / K2 / L1 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE CS 1997]

(01) The determinant of the matrix
6 8 1 1
0 2 4 6
0 0 4 8
0 0 0 1
(
(
(
(
(

(A) 11 (B) 48

(C) 0 (D) 24


(02) If the determinant of the matrix
1 3 2
0 5 6
2 7 8
(
(
(
(

is
26 then the determinant of the matrix
2 7 8
0 5 6
1 3 2
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 26 (B) 26

(C) 0 (D) 52

Question Level 02


(01) If A =
1
1
1
a bc
b ca
c ab
then which of the following is
a factor of A .

(A) a +b (B) a - b

(C) abc (D) a +b +c


(02) The determinant
1 1
1 1
1 2 1
b b
b b
b
+
+ equals to

(A) 0 (B) 2b(b 1)

(C) 2(1 b)(1 +2b) (D) 3b(1 +b)

eE1 / T1 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE PI 2009]

(03) The value of the determinant
1 3 2
4 1 1
2 1 3
is

(A) 28 (B) 24

(C) 32 (D) 36

-----00000-----

1.3 Adjoint - Inverse



(01) The inverse of 2 2 matrix
1 2
5 7
(
(

is

(A)
7 2
1
5 1 3
(
(

(B)
7 2
1
5 1 3
(
(

(C)
7 2
1
5 1 3
(
(

(D)
7 2
1
5 1 3
(
(

Question Level 01


(01) The matrix
1 4
1 5
(
(

is an inverse of the matrix
5 4
1 1
(
(

(A) True (B) False

Question Level 02


(01) The inverse of the matrix S =
1 1 0
1 1 1
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

is

(A)
1 0 1
0 0 0
0 1 1
(
(
(
(

(B)
0 1 1
1 1 1
1 0 1
(
(

(
(


(C)
2 2 2
2 2 2
0 2 2
(
(

(
(

(D)
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
0 0 1
(
(

(
(


(02) Inverse of matrix
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 0 0
(
(
(
(

is
(A)
0 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 0
(
(
(
(

(B)
1 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
(
(
(
(

(C)
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

(D)
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
(
(
(
(

eE1 / T1 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE EE 1998]

(03) If A =
5 0 2
0 3 0
2 0 1
(
(
(
(

then
1
A
=

(A)
1 0 2
0 1/ 3 0
2 0 5
(
(
(
(

(B)
5 0 2
0 1/ 3 0
2 0 1
(
(
(
(

(C)
1/ 5 0 1/ 2
0 1/ 3 0
1/ 2 0 1
(
(
(
(

(D)
1/ 5 0 1/ 2
0 1/ 3 0
1/ 2 0 1
(
(
(
(


(04) If A =
1 2 1
2 3 1
0 5 2
(
(
(
(

and ad(A) =

11 9 1
4 2 3
10 7 k
(
(

(
(

Then k =
(A) 5 (B) 3

(C) 3 (D) 5


(05) The inverse of matrix
0 1 0
1 0 0
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

is

(A)
0 1 0
1 0 0
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

(B)
0 1 0
1 0 0
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

(C)
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 0 0
(
(
(
(

(D)
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 0 0
(
(
(
(


(06) For a matrix [M] =
3/ 4 4/ 5
3/ 5 x
(
(

. The transpose
of the matrix is equal to the inverse of the matrix,
1
[ ] [ ] .
T
M M

= The value of x is given by

(A)
4
5
(B)
3
5

(C)
3
5
(D)
4
5


(07) The inverse of the matrix
3 2
3 2
i i
i i
+ (
(

is

(A)
3 2
1
3 2 2
i i
i i
+ (
(

(B)
3 2
1
3 2 12
i i
i i
(
(
+


(C)
3 2
1
3 2 14
i i
i i
+ (
(

(D)
3 2
1
3 2 14
i i
i i
(
(
+

-----00000-----

1.4 Eigen Values & Eigen Vectors



(01) The Eigen values of the matrix
1
1
a
a
(
(

are

(A) ( 1),0 a+ (B) ,0 a

(C) ( 1),0 a (D) 0,0


(02) A =
2 0 0 1
0 1 0 0
0 0 3 0
1 0 0 4
(
(
(
(
(

the sumof the Eigen

Values of the matrix A is

(A) 10 (B) 10

(C) 24 (D) 22

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ME 2004]

(03) The sumof the eigen values of the matrix given

below is
1 1 3
1 5 1
3 1 1
(
(
(
(

(A) 5 (B) 7

(C) 9 (D) 18


(04) The eigen values of the matrix
4 2
2 1
(
(

are

(A) 1, 4 (B) 1, 2

(C) 0, 5 (D) cannot be determined


(05) What are the Eigen values of the following 2 x 2
matrix?
2 1
4 5
(
(

(A) 1, 1 (B) 1, 6

(C) 2, 5 (D) 4, -1

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE PI 2005]

(06) The Eigen values of the matrix M given below
are 15, 3 and 0. M =
8 6 2
6 7 4
2 4 3
(
(

(
(

, the value of
the determinant of a matrix is

(A) 20 (B) 10

(C) 0 (D) 10

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L0 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE CS 2008]
(07) How many of the following matrices have an
Eigen value 1?

1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
, , &
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
( ( ( (
( ( ( (


(A) One (B) Two

(C) Three (D) Four

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE EE 2009]
(08) The trace and determinant of a 2x2 matrix are
shown to be -2 and -35 respectively. Its eigen
values are

(A) -30, -5 (B) -37, -1

(C) -7, 5 (D) 17.5, -2

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 1993]
(01) The eigen vector (s) of the matrix

0 0
0 0 0 , 0
0 0 0
(
(
=
(
(

Is (are);

(A) ( ) 0,0, (B) ( ) ,0,0

(C) ( ) 0,0,1 (D) ( ) 0, ,0


(02) The eigen values of
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
(
(
(
(

are

(A) 0, 0, 0 (B) 0, 0, 1

(C) 0, 0,3 (D) 1, 1, 1


(03) The eigen values of the matrix A =
0 1
1 0
(
(

are

(A) 1, 1 (B) -1, -1
(C) , j j (D) 1, 1

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE CE 2001
]
5 3
2 9
(
(

are

(A) (5.13,9.42) (B) (3.85,2.93)

(C) (9.00,5.00) (D) (10.16,3.84)


(05) Eigen values of the following matrix are

1 4
4 1
(
(

(A) 3, -5 (B) -3, 5

(C) -3, -5 (D) 3, 5

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE IN 2005]
(06) Identify which one of the following is an eigen
vector of the matrix A =
1 0
1 2
(
(

(A) | | 1 1
T
(B) | | 3 1
T

(C) | | 1 1
T
(D) | | 2 1
T



(07) The minimumand maximumEigen values of

Matrix
1 1 3
1 5 1
3 1 1
(
(
(
(

are -2 and 6 respectively.

What is the other Eigen value?

(A) 5 (B) 3

(C) 1 (D) -1

(08) All the four entries of 2 x 2 matrix P =
11 12
21 22
p p
p p
(
(

are non-zero and one of the Eigen
values is zero. Which of the following statement
is true?

(A)
11 22 12 21
1 P P P P = (B)
11 22 12 21
1 P P P P =

(C)
11 22 21 12
0 P P P P = (D)
11 22 12 21
0 P P P P + =


(09) The eigen values of the matrix [P] =
4 5
2 5
(
(

are

(A) 7 and 8 (B) 6 and 5

(C) 3 and 4 (D) 1 and2

(10) One of the eigen vector of the matrix A =

2 2
1 3
(
(

is

(A)
2
1
(
(

(B)
2
1
(
(

(C)
4
1
(
(

(D)
1
1
(
(


(11) Consider the following matrix A =
2 3
.
x y
(
(

If
the eigen values of A are 4 and 8 then

(A) x =4, y =10 (B) x =5, y =8

(C) x =-3, y =9 (D) x =-4, y =10

(12) Obtain the eigen values of the matrix A =

1 2 34 49
0 2 43 94
0 0 2 104
0 0 0 1
(
(
(
(
(

(A) 1,2,-2,-1 (B) -1,-2,-1,-2

(C) 1,2,2,1 (D) None

-----00000-----

Question Level 02


(01) The vector
1
2
1
(
(
(
(

is an eigen vector of A =

2 2 3
2 1 6
1 2 0
(
(
(
(

one of the eigen value of A is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 5 (D) -1

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE EC 2000]

2 1 0 0
0 3 0 0
0 0 2 0
0 0 1 4
(
(
(
(
(

are

(A) 2, -2, 1, -1 (B) 2, 3, -2, 4

(C) 2, 3, 1, 4 (D) None


(03) For the matrix P =
3 2 2
0 2 1
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

, one of the Eigen

A value is 2. Which of the following is an
Eigen vector?

(A)
3
2
1
| |
|
|
|
\ .
(B)
3
2
1
(
(
(
(

(C)
1
2
3
(
(
(
(

(D)
2
5
0
(
(
(
(


(04) Eigen values of a matrix S =
3 2
2 3
(
(

are 5 and 1.
What are the Eigen values of the matrix S
2
=SS?

(A) 1 and 25 (B) 6, 4

(C) 5, 1 (D) 2, 10

(05) The number of linearly independent eigen vectors

of
2 1
0 2
(
(

is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) Infinite


(06) The matrix
1 2 4
3 0 6
1 1 p
(
(
(
(

has one eigen value to 3.

The sumof the other two eigen values is

(A) p (B) p 1

(C) p 2 (D) p 3


(07) The eigen vectors of the matrix
1 2
0 2
(
(

are
written in the form
1 1
&
a b
( (
( (

. What is a+b?


(A) 0 (B) 1/2

(C) 1 (D) 2


(08) The eigen vector pair of the matrix
3 4
4 3
(
(

is

(A)
2 1
1 2
( (
( (

(B)
2 1
1 2
( (
( (

(C)
2 1
1 2
( (
( (

(D)
2 1
1 2
( (
( (


(09) For the matrix
4 2
.
2 4
(
(

The eigen value
corresponding to the eigen vector
101
101
(
(

is

(A) 2 (B) 4

(C) 6 (D) 8

(10) For a given matrix A =
2 2 3
2 1 6
1 2 0
(
(

(
(

, one of the
eigen value is 3. The other two eigen values are

(A) 2, -5 (B) 3, -5

(C) 2, 5 (D) 3, 5


(11) An eigen vector of p =
1 1 0
0 2 2
0 0 3
(
(
(
(

is

(A) | | 1 1 1
T
(B) | | 1 2 1
T

(C) | | 1 1 2
T
(D) | | 2 1 1
T

(12) The Eigen values of the following matrix
10 4
18 12
(
(

are

(A) 4, 9 (B) 6, - 8

(C) 4, 8 (D) 6, 8


(13) The eigen values of the following matrix
1 3 5
3 1 6
0 0 3
(
(

(
(

are

(A) 3, 3 5 ,6 j j + (B) 6 5 ,3 ,3 j j j + +

(C) 3 ,3 ,5 j j j + + (D) 3, 1 3 , 1 3 j j +

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE IN 2011]

(14) The matrix M =
2 2 3
2 1 6
1 2 0
(
(
(
(

has eigen values
-3, -3, 5. An eigen vector corresponding to the
eigen value 5 is | | 1 2 1 .
T
One of the eigen
vector of the matrix M
3
is


(A) | | 1 8 1
T
(B) | | 1 2 1
T

(C)
3
1 2 1
T
(

(D) | | 1 1 1
T

(15) Consider the matrix as given below
1 2 3
0 4 7
0 0 3
(
(
(
(

.
Which one of the following options provides the
correct values of the eigen values of the matrix?

(A) 1, 4, 3 (B) 3, 7, 3

(C) 7, 3, 2 (D) 1, 2, 3

(16) If {1,0, 1}
T
is an eigen vector of the following

matrix
1 1 0
1 2 1
0 1 1
(
(

(
(

then the corresponding

eigen value is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 5

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L2 / V3 / R11 / AC [GATE IN 2009]
(17) The eigen values of a 2 2 matrix X are -2 and -
3. The eigen values of matrix
1
( ) ( 5 ) X I X I
+ +
are

(A) 3, - 4 (B) -1, -2

(C) -1, -3 (D) -2, -4

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) If A is square symmetric real valued matrix of
dimension 2n, then the eigen values of A are
(A) 2n distinct real values

(B) 2n real values not necessarily distinct

(C) n distinct pairs of complex conjugate
numbers

(D) n pairs of complex conjugate numbers, not
necessarily distinct

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE EC 2006]
(02) The eigen values and the corresponding eigen
vectors of a 2x2 matrix are given by

Eigen Value Eigen Vector
1
8 =
1
1
1
V
(
=
(

2
4 =
2
1
1
V
(
=
(

The matrix is

(A)
6 2
2 6
(
(

(B)
4 6
6 4
(
(

(C)
2 4
4 2
(
(

(D)
4 8
8 4
(
(

(03) Which one of the following is an eigen vector of


the matrix
5 0 0 0
0 5 0 0
0 0 2 1
0 0 3 1
(
(
(
(
(

is
(A) | | 1 2 0 0
T
(B) | | 0 0 1 0
T

(C) | | 1 0 0 2
T
(D) | | 1 1 2 1
T

(04) A real nxn matrix A =
ij
a (

is defined as follows
,
0,
ij
a i i j
otherwise
= =

The sumof all n eigen values of A is

(A)
( 1)
2
n n +
(B)
( 1)
2
n n

(C)
( 1)(2 1)
2
n n n + +
(D)
2
n

eE1 / T1 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE EE 2011]
(05) The two vectors | | 1 1 1 and
2
1 a a (

where
1 3
2 2
a j = + and 1 j = are

(A) Orthonormal (B) Orthogonal

(C) Parallel (D) Collinear

(06)
1 2 3
, , ,........
m
q q q q are n-dimensional vectors with
m<n. This set of vectors is linearly dependent.
Q is the matrix with
1 2 3
, , ,.......
m
q q q q as the
columns. The rank of Q is
(A) Less than m (B) m

(C) Between mand n (D) n
(07) X =| |
1 2
...........
T
n
x x x is an n tuple non zero
vector. The n x n matrix V =XX
T

(A) has rank zero (B) has rank 1

(C) is orthogonal (D) has rank n

-----00000-----

1.5 Rank


(01) The rank of (mx n) matrix (m<n) cannot be
more than

(A) m (B) n

(C) mn (D) None

eE1 / T1 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE CS 2002]

(02) The rank of the matrix
1 1
0 0
(
(

is

(A) 4 (B) 2

(C) 1 (D) 0

(03) A 5x7 matrix has all its entries equal to -1. Then
the rank of a matrix is

(A) 7 (B) 5

(C) 1 (D) Zero

Question Level 01

(01) The number of Linearly independent solutions of

the system of equations
1 0 2
1 1 0
2 2 0
(
(
(
(

1
2
3
x
x
x
(
(
(
(

=0 is
equal to

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 0


(02) The rank of matrix
0 0 3
9 3 5
3 1 1
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3

eE1 / T1 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE EC ]

(03) Rank of the matrix
0 2 2
7 4 8
7 0 4
(
(
(
(

is 3

(A) True (B) False


(04) The rank of matrix A =
1 2 3
3 4 5
4 6 8
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3
(05) The rank of the following (n+1) x (n+1) matrix,
where a is a real number is

2
2
2
1 . . .
1 . . .
.
.
1 . . .
n
n
n
a a a
a a a
a a a
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) n (D) depends on the value of a

----00000-----

Question Level 02


1 4 8 7
0 0 3 0
4 2 3 1
3 12 24 2
(
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 3 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 4


1 1 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3


Question Level 03


(01) Given matrix [A] =
4 2 1 3
6 3 4 7
2 1 0 1
(
(
(
(

, the rank of
the matrix is

(A) 4 (B) 3

(C) 2 (D) 1

(02) Let A =[ ],1 ,
ij
a i j n s s with 3 n > and .
ij
a i j = .
Then the rank of A is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) n 1 (D) n

(03) If the rank of a 5x6 matrix Q is 4 then which one
of the following statements is correct?

(A) Q will have four linearly independent rows
and four linearly independent columns

(B) Q will have four linearly independent rows
and five linearly independent columns

(C) QQ
T
will be invertible.

(D) Q
T
Q will be invertible.

-----00000-----

1.6 Solution of Linear Equation

Question Level 01

(01) Solve the following system

1 2 3
3 x x x + + =

1 3
0 x x =

1 2 3
1 x x x + =

(A) Unique solution

(B) No solution

(C) Infinite number of solutions

(D) Only one solution

(02) In the Gauss elimination for a solving system of
linear algebraic equations, triangularization leads
to

(A) diagonal matrix

(B) lower triangular matrix

(C) upper triangular matrix

(D) singular matrix

(03) Let A be 3 3 matrix with rank 2. Then AX =O
has

(A) Only the trivial solution X =0

(B) One independent solution

(C) Two independent solutions

(D) Three independent solutions

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE CS 2004]
(04) How many solutions does the following system
of linear equations have

5 1 x y + =
2 x y =
3 3 x y + =

(A) Infinitely many

(B) Two distinct solutions

(C) Unique

(D) None

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE EC ]
(05) The value of q for which the following set of
linear equations 2x +3y =0, 6x +qy =0 can
have non-trival solution is

(A) 2 (B) 7

(C) 9 (D) 11

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

(01) A systemof equations represented by AX =0
where X is a column vector of unknown and A is
a matrix containing coefficient has a non-trivial
solution when A is.

(A) non-singular (B) singular

(C) symmetric (D) Hermitian

(02) Consider the following set of equations
2 5, x y + = 4 8 12, x y + = 3 6 3 15. x y z + + = This
set

(A) has unique solution

(B) has no solution

(C) has infinite number of solutions

(D) has 3 solutions

(03) Consider the following system of equations in
three real variable
1 2 3
, : x x and x

1 2 3
2 3 1 x x x + =

1 2 3
3 2 5 2 x x x + + =

1 2 3
4 3 x x x + + =

This systemof equations has

(A) No solution

(B) A unique solution


(C) More than one but a finite number of
solutions.

(D) An infinite number of solutions.

(04) Consider a non-homogeneous system of linear
equations represents mathematically an over
determined system. Such a systemwill be

(A) Consistent having a unique solution

(B) Consistent having many solutions.

(C) Inconsistent having a unique solution.

(D) Inconsistent having no solution.

(05) In the matrix equation PX = Q which of the
following is a necessary condition for the
existence of at least one solution one solution for
the unknown vector X.

(A) Augmented matrix [P|Q] must have the same
rank as matrix P.

(B) Vector Q must have only non-zero elements.

(C) Matrix P must be singular

(D) Matrix p must be square

(06) A is a 3 4 matrix and AX =B is an inconsistent
systemof equations. The highest possible rank of
A is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE IN 2006]
(07) A system of linear simultaneous equations is
given as AX =b
Where A =
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0
0 0 0 1
(
(
(
(
(

& b =
0
0
0
1
(
(
(
(
(

Then the rank of matrix A is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4

(08) A system of linear simultaneous equations is
given as Ax b =
Where A =
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0
0 0 0 1
(
(
(
(
(

& b =
0
0
0
1
(
(
(
(
(

Which of the following statement is true?

(A) x is a null vector

(B) x is unique

(C) x does not exist

(D) x has infinitely many values

(09) Solution for the system defined by the set of
equations 4 3 8,2 2 y z x z + = = & 3 2 5 x y + =
is

(A) 0, 1, 4/ 5 x y z = = =

(B) 0, 1/ 2, 2 x y z = = =


(C) 1, 1/ 2, 2 x y z = = =

(D) Non existent

(10) For what values of and the following
simultaneous equations have an infinite number
of solutions 5, x y z + + = 3 3 9, x y z + + =
2 x y z = + +

(A) 2, 7 (B) 3, 8

(C) 8, 3 (D) 7, 2

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE CE 2008]
(11) The following system of equations 3, x y z + + =
2 3 4, x y z + + = 4 6 x y k + + = will not have a
unique solution for k equal to

(A) 0 (B) 5

(C) 6 (D) 7

(12) For the set of equations
1 2 3 4
2 4 2, x x x x + + + =
1 2 3 4
3 6 3 12 6. x x x x + + + = The following
statement is true

(A) Only the trivial solution
1 2 3 4
0 x x x x = = = =
exist

(B) There are no solutions

(C) A unique non-trivial solution exist

(D) Multiple non-trivial solution exist

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE IN 2010]
(13) X and Y are non-zero square matrices of size
nxn. If XY =O
nxn
then

(A) | | 0 X = and | | 0 Y =

(B) | | 0 X = and | | 0 Y =

(C) | | 0 X = and | | 0 Y =

(D) | | 0 X = and | | 0 Y =

(14) Consider the following system of equations
1 2 3 2 3
2 0, 0 x x x x x + + = = and
1 2
0 x x + = .
This systemhas

(A) A unique solution

(B) No solution

(C) Infinite number of solution

(D) Five solutions


(15) The systemof linear equations
4 2 7
2 6
x y
x y
+ =
`
+ =
)
has

(A) A unique solution

(B) No solution

(C) An infinite no. of solution

(D) Exactly two distinct solution.

(16) The value of x
3
obtained by solving the following
systemof linear equations is

1 2 3
2 2 4 x x x + =

1 2 3
2 2 x x x + + =

1 2 3
2 x x x + =

(A) 12 (B) - 2

(C) 0 (D) 12

(17) The system of equations 6 x y z + + = ,
4 6 20, x y z + + = and 4 x y z + + = has no
solution for values of and given by

(A) 6, 20 = = (B) 6, 20 = =

(C) 6, 20 = = (D) 6, 20 = =

eE1 / T1 / K6 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE EC ]
(18) For the following set of simultaneous equations

1.5 0.5 2 x y z + =
4 2 3 0 x y z + + =
7 5 10 x y z + + =

(A) the solution is unique

(B) infinitely many solutions exist

(C) the equations are incompatible

(D) finite many solutions exist

(19) In the solution of the following set of linear
equations by Gauss-elimination using partial
pivoting 5 2 34, x y z + + = 4 3 12 y z = and
10 2 4. x y z + = The pivots for elimination of
x and y are

(A) 10 and 4 (B) 10 and 2

(C) 5 and 4 (D) 5 and 4

Question Level 03

(01) Let AX = B be a system of linear equations
where A is an m n matrix B is an 1 m column
matrix which of the following is false?

(A) The systemhas a solution, if ( ) ( / ) A A B =

(B) If m=n and B is a non zero vector then the
systemhas a unique solution

(C) If m<n and B is a zero vector then the
systemhas infinitely many solutions.

(D) The systemwill have a trivial solution when
m=n , B is the zero vector and rank of A is
n.

(02) A set of linear equations is represented by the
matrix equations Ax =b. The necessary condition
for the existence of a solution for this systemis

(A) must be invertible

(B) b must be linearly dependent on the columns
of A
(C) b must be linearly independent on the
columns of A

(D) None

(03) Let A be an n x n real matrix such that A
2
=I and
Y be an n-dimensional vector. Then the linear
systemof equations Ax =Y has

(A) No solution

(B) unique solution

(C) More than one but infinitely many dependent
solutions.

(D) Infinitely many dependent solutions

(04) Let x and y be two vectors in a 3 dimensional
space and , x y < > denote their dot product. Then
the determinant det
, ,
, ,
x x x y
y x y y
< > < > (
(
< > < >

=_____

(A) Is zero when x and y are linearly independent

(B) Is positive when x and y are linearly
independent

(C) Is non-zero for all non-zero x and y

(D) Is zero only when either x(or) y is zero

(05) For what values of a if any will the following
systemof equations in x, y are z have a solution?
2 3 4, 4, 2 x y x y z x y z a + = + + = + =

(A) Any real number

(B) 0

(C) 1

(D) There is no such value
1.7 Miscellaneous


(01) Let A, B,C, D be n n matrices, each with non-
zero determinant. ABCD =I then B
1
=

(A)
1 1 1
D C A

(B) CDA

(C) ABC (D) Does not exist

(02) If A and B are two matrices and if AB exist then
BA exists.

(A) Only if A has as many rows as B has
columns

(B) Only if both A and B are square matrices

(C) Only if A and B are skew matrices

(D) Only if both A and B are symmetric

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

(01) Let A
nxn
be matrix of order n and I
12
be the matrix
obtained by interchanging the first.

(A) Row is the same as its second row

(B) row is the same as second row of A


(C) column is the same as the second column of

(D) Row is a zero row.
(02) If A is any n n matrix and k is a scalar then
| | | | kA A = where is

(A) kn (B)
k
n

(C)
n
k (D)
k
n

(03) The number of terms in the expansion of general
determinant of order n is

(A)
2
n (B) ! n

(C) n (D)
2
( 1) n +

(04) The determinant of the following matrix
5 3 2
1 2 6
3 5 10
(
(
(
(

(A) 76 (B) 28

(C) 28 (D) 72

(05) The product [P] [Q]
T
of the following two
matrices [P] and [Q] is where [P] =
2 3
,
4 5
(
(

4 8
[ ]
9 2
Q
(
=
(

(A)
32 24
56 46
(
(

(B)
46 56
24 32
(
(

(C)
35 22
61 42
(
(

(D)
32 56
24 46
(
(

(06) The number of different n n symmetric
matrices with each elements being either 0 or 1 is

(A) 2
n
(B)
2
2
n

(C)
2
2
2
n n +
(D)
2
2
2
n n

(07) Given the matrix
4 2
,
4 3
(
(

the eigen vector is

(A)
3
2
(
(

(B)
4
3
(
(

(C)
2
1
(
(

(D)
2
1
(
(

Question Level 02

eE1 / T1 / K7 / L2 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE PI 1994]
(01) For the following matrix
1 1
2 3
(
(

the number of
positive roots is

(A) One (B) Two

(C) Four (D) Cannot be found


(02) Given matrix L =
2 1
3 2
4 5
(
(
(
(

and M =
3 2
0 1
(
(

then
L x M is

(A)
8 1
13 2
22 5
(
(
(
(

(B)
6 5
9 8
12 13
(
(
(
(

(C)
1 8
2 13
5 22
(
(
(
(

(D)
6 2
9 4
0 5
(
(
(
(

(03) Among the following, the pair of the vector
orthogonal to each other is

(A) | | | | 3, 4, 7 , 3, 4, 7

(B) | | | | 1, 0, 0 , 1, 1, 0

(C) | | | | 1, 0, 2 , 0, 5, 0

(D) | | | | 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1


1 0 0 0
100 1 0 0
100 200 1 0
100 200 300 1
(
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 100 (B 200

(C) 1 (D) 300

2 0 0 0
8 1 7 2
2 0 2 0
9 0 6 1
(
(
(
(
(

is

(A) 4 (B) 0

(C) 15 (D 20

(06) Consider the matrices X
4x3
, Y
4x3
, and P
2x3
. The
order of
1
( )
T
T T
P X Y P
(

will be

(A) 2x2 (B) 3x3

(C) 4x3 (D) 3x4

(07) The determinant of the matrix given below is
0 1 0 2
1 1 1 3
0 0 0 1
1 2 0 1
(
(
(
(
(

(A) -1 (B) 0

(C) 1 (D) 2

(08) If R =
1 0 1
2 1 1
2 3 2
(
(
(
(

then the top row of R
1
is

(A) | | 5 6 4 (B) | | 5 3 1

(C) | | 2 0 1 (D) | | 2 1 0

(09) If A =
2 0.1
0 3
(
(

and
1
1/ 2
0
a
A
b
(
=
(

then
__________ a b + =


(A)
7
20
(B)
3
20

(C)
19
60
(D)
11
20

(10) For a given 2x2 matrix A, it is observed that

1 1
1
1 1
A
( (
=
( (

and
1
2
A
(
(

and
1 1
2
2 2
A
( (
=
( (

then the matrix A is

(A)
2 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 2 1 2
A
( ( (
=
( ( (

(B)
1 1 1 0 2 1
1 2 1 2 1 1
A
( ( (
=
( ( (

(C)
1 1 1 0 2 1
1 2 0 2 1 1
A
( ( (
=
( ( (

(D)
0 2
1 3
A
(
=
(

eE1 / T1 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ME 2011]
(11) If a matrix A =
2 4
1 3
(
(

and matrix B =
4 6
5 9
(
(

the transpose of product of these two matrices
i.e., ( )
T
AB is equal to

(A)
28 19
34 47
(
(

(B)
19 34
47 28
(
(

(C)
48 33
28 19
(
(

(D)
28 19
48 33
(
(

(12) The matrix [A] =
2 1
4 1
(
(

is decomposed into a
product of lower triangular matrix [L] and an
upper triangular [U]. The property decomposed
[L] and [U] matrices respectively are

(A)
1 0
4 1
(
(

and
1 1
0 2
(
(

(B)
1 0
2 1
(
(

and
2 1
0 3
(
(

(C)
1 0
4 1
(
(

and
2 1
0 1
(
(

(D)
2 0
4 3
(
(

and
1 0.5
0 1
(
(

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) The matrices
cos sin
sin cos

(
(

and
0
0
a
b
(
(

commute under multiplication.

(A) If a =b (or) , n = n is an integer

(B) Always

(C) never

(D) If a cos sin b =


(02) The equation
2
2 1 1
1 1 1 0
y x x
= represents a
parabola passing through the points.

(A) (0,1), (0,2),(0,-1) (B) (0,0), (-1,1),(1,2)

(C) (1,1), (0,0), (2,2) (D) (1,2), (2,1), (0,0)

(03) What values of x, y, z satisfy the following
systemof linear equations

1 2 3 6
1 3 4 8
2 2 3 12
x
y
z
( ( (
( ( (
=
( ( (
( ( (

(A) x =6, y =3, z =2

(B) x =12, y =3, z =-4

(C) x =6, y=6, z =-4

(D) x =12, y =-3, z =4


(04) If matrix X =
2
1
1 1
a
a a a
(
(
+

and
2
0. X X I + = Then the inverse of X is

(A)
2
1 1 a
a a
(
(

(B)
2
1 1
1
a
a a a
(
(
+

(C)
2
1
1 1
a
a a a
(
(
+

(D)
2
1
1 1
a a a
a
( +
(

(05) Consider the system of equations,
1 1 n n n n
A X X

= where is a scalar. Let
( ) ,
i i
X be an eigen value and its corresponding
eigen vector for real matrix A. Let I
nxn
be unit
matrix. Which one of the following statement is
not correct?

(A) For a homogeneous nxn systemof linear
equations (A- I) is less than n.
(B) For matrix A
m
, mbeing a positive integer, (
,
m
i
m
i
X ) will be eigen pair for all i.
(C) If
1 T
A A
= then | | 1
i
= for all i.
(D) If
T
A A = then
i
are real for all i.

(06) Multiplication of matrices E and F is G. Matrices
E and G are E =
cos sin 0
sin cos 0
0 0 1

(
(
(
(

and G =
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
(
(
(
(

. What is the matrix F?

(A)
cos sin 0
sin cos 0
0 0 1

(
(
(
(

(B)
cos cos 0
cos sin 0
0 0 1

(
(
(
(

(C)
cos sin 0
sin cos 0
0 0 1

(
(
(
(

(D)
sin cos 0
cos sin 0
0 0 1

(
(
(
(


(07) An n n array V is defined as follows V[i,j] =
i j for all i, j, 1 , i j n s > then the sumof the
elements of the array V is

(A) 0 (B) n 1

(C)
2
3 2 n n + (D) ( 1) n n+
1.8 CALY- HAMILTON

Question Level 01

(01) If A =
3 2
1 0
(
(

then A satisfies the relation

(A) A +3I +2
1
A
=O (B)
2
2 2 A A I O + + =

(C) ( )( 2 ) A I A I O + + = (D)
A
e O =

(02) If A =
3 2
1 0
(
(

then
9
A equals

(A) 511 A +510 I (B) 309 A +104 I

(C) 154 A +155 I (D)
9A
e

Question Level 02

(01) The characteristic equation of a 3x3 matrix P is
defined as

3 2
( ) | | 2 1 0. I P = = + + + =
If I denotes identity matrix then the inverse of P
will be

(A)
2
2 P P I + + (B)
2
P P I + +

(C)
2
( ) P P I + + (D)
2
( 2 ) P P I + +

-----00000-----


02
Calculus
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- CS/ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS, Note: Subtopic 2.7Vector Calculusis excluded in GATE- CSSYLLABUS.

2.1 Mean Value theorem

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K1 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 1994]
(01) The value of in the mean value theorem of
f(B) f(A) = (b a) f( ) for
2
( ) f x Ax Bx C = + + in (a, b) is

(A) b a + (B) b a

(C)
2
b a +
(D)
2
b a

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K1 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1995]
(01) If f(0) =2 and f(x) =
2
1
,
5 x
then the lower
and upper bounds of f(1) estimated by the mean
value theoremare ____________

(A) 1.9, 2.2 (B) 2.2, 2.25

(C) 2.25, 2.5 (D) None of the above

-----00000-----
2.2 Maxima and Minima


eE1 / T2 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(01) A point on the curve is said to be an extremum
if it is a local minimum(or) a local maximum.
The number of distinct extreme for the curve
4 3 2
3 16 24 37 x x x + + is ___________

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T2 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1994]
(01) The function
2
250
y x
x
= + at x =5 attains

(A) Maximum (B) Minimum

(C) Neither (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 1995]
(02) The function f(x) =
3 2
6 9 25 x x x + + has

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

(A) A maxima at x =1 and minima at x =3

(B) A maxima at x =3 and a minima at x =1

(C) No maxima, but a minima at x =3

(D) A maxima at x =1, but no minima

(03) What is the maximum value of the function
2
( ) 2 2 6 f x x x = + in the interval [0, 2]?

(A) 6 (B) 10

(C) 12 (D) 5.5

3 2
2 3 36 2 x x x + has its
maxima at

(A) x =- 2 only

(B) x =0 only

(C) x =3 only

(D) both x =- 2 and x =3

(05) For the function f(x) =
2
,
x
x e
the maximum
occurs when x is equal to

(A) 2 (B) 1

(C) 0 (D) 1

(06) Consider the function f(x) =
2
2. x x the
maximumvalue of f(x) in the closed interval [-
4, 4] is

(A) 18 (B) 10

(C) 2.25 (D) indeterminate

(07) Consider the function
2
6 9. y x x = + The
maximum value of y obtained when x varies
over the internal 2 to 5 is

(A) 1 (B) 3

(C) 4 (D) 9

(08) For real values of x, the minimum value of
function f(x) =
x x
e e
+ is

(A) 2 (B) 1

(C) 0.5 (D) 0

(09) If
1/ y x
e x = then y has a

(A) Maximumat x =e

(B) Minimumat x =e

(C) Maximumat x =
1
e

(D) Minimumat x =
1
e


Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ME 1993]
(01) The function
2
( , ) 3 2 f x y x y xy y x = + + has

(A) No local extremism

(B) One local maximumbut no local minimum

(C) One local minimumbut no local maximum

(D)One local minimumand one local maximum

eE1 / T2 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE CS 1998]
(02) Find the points of local maxima and minima if
any of the following function defined in
0 6, x s s
3 2
6 9 15. x x x + +

eE1 / T2 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2002]
(03) The function f(x, y) =
2 3
2 2 x xy y + has

(A) Only one stationary point at (0, 0)

(B) Two stationary points at (0, 0) and
1 1
,
6 3
| |
|
\ .

(C) Two stationary points at (0, 0) and (1, -1)

(D) No stationary point.

(04) For real x, the maximumvalue of
sin
cos
x
x
e
e
is

(A) 1 (B) e

(C)
2
e (D)

(05) For the function f(x, y) =
2 2
x y defined on R
2
,
the point (0, 0) is

(A) A local minimum

(B) Neither a local minimum(nor) a local
maximum.

(C) A local maximum

(D) Both a local minimumand a local maximum

(06) Consider the function
( )
2
2
( ) 4 f x x = where x
is a real number. Then the function has

(A) Only one minimum (B) Only two minima

(C) Three minima (D) Three maxima

-----00000-----

2.3 Differential Calculus


eE1 / T2 / K3 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 1996]
(01) If a function is continuous at a point its first
derivative

(A) May or may not exist

(B) Exists always

(C) Will not exist

(D) Has a unique value

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

Question Level 01

(01) Given y =
2
2 10 x x + + the value of
1 X
dy
dx
=
is
equal to

(A) 0 (B) 4

(C) 12 (D) 13

(02) The total derivative of the function xy is

(A) xdy ydx + (B) xdx ydy +

(C) dx dy + (D) dx dy

Question Level 02

eE1 / T2 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 1997]
(01) If
2
0
( )
x
x t dt | =
}
then __________
d
dx
|
=

(A)
2
2x (B) x

(C) 0 (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2000]
(02) If f(x, y, z) =
2 2 2
2 2 2 1/2
2 2 2
( ) ,
f f f
x y z
x y z
c c c
+ + + +
c c c
is equal to
_______

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D)
2 2 2 5/2
3( ) x y z

+ +

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K3 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2004]
(01) If x = ( sin ) a + and (1 cos ) y a = then
______
dy
dx
=

(A) sin
2
(B) cos
2

(C) tan
2
(D) cot
2

eE1 / T2 / K3 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2005]
(02) By a change of variables x(u, v) = uv,
( , ) / y u v v u = in a double integral, the integral
( , ) f x y changes to
( )
, .
u
f uv
v
Then
( , ) u v | is _______

(A)
2v
u
(B) 2 u v

(C)
2
V (D) 1

(03) If (x) =sin| | x then the value of
df
dx
at
4
x

=
is

(A) 0 (B)
1
2

(C)
1
2
(D) 1

(04) Given a function
2 2
( , ) 4 6 8 4 8, f x y x y x y = + + the optimal
values of f(x, y) is

(A) a minimum equal to
10
3

(B) a maximumequal to
10
3

(C) a minimum equal to
8
3

(D) a maximumequal to
8
3

2
2 3 x x + has

(A) A maxima at x =1 and a minima at x =5

(B) A maxima at x =1 and a minima at x =- 5

(C) Only a maximumat x =1

(D) Only a minima at x =0

-----00000-----

2.4 Integral Calculus


(01) IF S =
3
1
X dx
}
then S has the value

(A)
1
3
(B)
1
4

(C)
1
2
(D) 1

(02) The value of the integral
1
2
1
1
dx
x
}
is

(A) 2 (B) does not exists

(C) - 2 (D)

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE PI 1995]
(01) Given
2
1
cos ,
x
y t dt =
}
then ________
dy
dx
=

(02) If at every point of a certain curve, the slope of
the tangent equals
2x
y
, the curve is _________

(A) A straight line (B) A parabola

(C) A circle (D) An Ellipse

/2
/2
( cos )
x x dx
}
is

(A) 0 (B) 2

(C) (D) 2 +

2
1
dx
x
+
}

(A) (B)
2

(C)
2
(D)

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

Question Level 02

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 1994]
(01) The integration of logxdx
}
has the value

(A) ( log 1) x x (B) logx x

(C) (log 1) x x (D) None of the above

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1995]
(02) By reversing the order of integration
2
2 2
0
( , )
x
x
f x y dydx
} }
may be represented as _____

(A)
2
2 2
0
( , )
x
x
f x y dydx
} }

(B)
2
0
( , )
y
y
f x y dxdy
} }

(C)
4
0 /2
( , )
y
y
f x y dxdy
} }

(D)
2
2 2
0
( , )
x
x
f x y dydx
} }

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 2000]
(03)
/2 /2
0 0
sin( )

x y dxdy +
} }

(A) 0 (B)

(C)
2
(D) 2

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2002]
(04) The value of the following definite integral in

/2
/2
sin2
_______
1 cos
x
dx
=
+
}

(A) - 2 log 2 (B) 2

(C) 0 (D) None

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2002]
(05) The value of the following improper integral is
1
0
log x x dx
}
=________

(A)
1
4
(B) 0

(C)
1
4
(D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2005]
(06) Changing the order of integration in the double
integral I =
8 2
0 /4
( , )
x
f x y dy dx
} }
leads to

I = ( , ) .
s q
r p
f x y dy dx
} }
What is q?

(A) 4y (B) 16 y
2

(C) x (D) 8

(07)
6 7
sin sin
a
a
x x dx
( +
}
is equal to

(A)
6
0
2 sin
a
xdx
}

(B)
7
0
2 sin
a
xdx
}

(C)
( )
6 7
0
2 sin sin
a
x x dx +
}

(D) zero


eE1 / T2 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(08) The value of the integral I =
2
/8
0
1
2
x
e

}
dx is
____

(A) 1 (B)

(C) 2 (D) 2

(09) The value of
3
0 0
(6 )
x
x y
} }
is _____

(A) 13.5 (B) 27.0

(C) 40.5 (D) 54.0

(10) The following plot shows a function y which
varies linearly with x. The value of the integral I
=
2
1
ydx
}

(A) 1 (B) 2.5

(C) 4 (D) 5

(11) The integral 6sin( )
6
t t dt
| |
o
|
\ .
}
evaluates to

(A) 6 (B) 3

(C) 1.5 (D) 0

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE 1994]
(01) The value of
3
1/2
0
.
y
e y dy

}
is ________

(02) The value of
2 2
0 0

x y
e e dx dy

} }
is

(A)
2
(B)

(C) (D)
4

(03) The integral
2
0
1
sin( )cos
2
t d
[
[
}
equals

(A) Sin cost (B) 0

(C)
1
cos
2
t (D)
1
sin
2
t

(04) The value of the integral of the function
3 4
( , ) 4 10 g x y x y = + along the straight line
segment fromthe point (0, 0) to the point (1, 2)
in the xy-plane is

(A) 33 (B) 35

(C) 40 (D) 56

(05) Which of the following integrals is unbounded?

(A)
0
tan
/ 4
dx
}
(B)
2
0
1
1
dx
x +
}

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

(C)
0
.
x
x e dx
}
(D)
1
0
1
1
dx
x
}

(06) Given 1, i = what will be the evaluation of
the definite integral
2
0
cos sin
cos sin
x i x
dx
x i x
+
}
?

(A) 0 (B) 2

(C) i (D) i

-----00000-----

2.5 Limit and Continuity


eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1995]

(01)
0
1
lim sin ______
x
x
x
=

(A) (B) 0

(C) 1 (D) Does not exist

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(02) Limit of the following series as x approaches
2
[
is

3 5 7
( )
3! 5! 7!
x x x
f x x = + +

(A)
2
3
(B)
2

(C)
3
(D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 2000]

(03) Limit of the function
4
4
1
( )
a
f x
x
= as x
is given

(A) 1 (B)
4
a
e

(C) (D) 0

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 2003]

(04)
2
0
sin
lim ____
x
x
x
=

(A) 0 (B)

(C) 1 (D) 1

(05) Consider the function f(x) =
3
| | , x where x is
real. Then the function f(x) at x =0 is

(A) Continuous but not differentiable

(B) Once differentiable but not twice.

(C) Twice differentiable but not thrice.

(D) Thrice differentiable

(06) The minimumvalue of function
2
y x = in the
interval [1, 5] is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 25 (D) Undefined



(07)
2
3
0
1
2
lim
x
x
x
e x
x
| |
+ +
|
\ .
=

(A) 0 (B)
1
6

(C)
1
3
(D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]

(08)
sin
lim ______
cos
x
x x
x x

=
+

(A) 1 (B) - 1

(C) (D)

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]

(09)
0
sin
lim
x
x
x
is

(A) Indeterminate (B) 0

(C) 1 (D)


(10) The value of
1/3
8
2
lim
8
x
x
x
is

(A)
1
16
(B)
1
12

(C)
1
8
(D)
1
4

(11) At t =0, the function f(t) =
sint
t
has

(A) A minimum (B) A discontinuity

(C) A point of inflection (D) A Maximum

(12) What is
0
sin
lim
equal to?

(A) (B) sin

(C) 0 (D) 1

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1995]
(01) The function f(x) = | 1| x + on the interval
[ 2,0] is _________

(A) Continuous and differentiable
(B) Continuous on the interval but not
differentiable at all points

(C) Neither continuous nor differentiable

(D) Differentiable but not continuous

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 1997]
(02)
0
sin
lim ,
where m is an integer, is one of the

following:

(A) m (B) m

(C) m (D) 1
TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 1997]
(03) If y=| x| for x <0 and y =x for 0 x > then

(A)
dy
dx
is discontinuous at x =0

(B) y is discontinuous at x =0

(C) y is not defined at x =0

(D) Both y and
dy
dx
are discontinuous at x =0

(04)
0
sin( / 2)
lim

(A) 0.5 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) Not defined

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 2004]

(05) The value of the function.
3 2
3 2
0
( ) lim
2 7
x
x x
f x
x x
+
=

is _____

(A) 0 (B)
1
7

(C)
1
7
(D)

(06) The value of the expression
0
sin( )
lim
x
x
x
e x
(
(

is

(A) 0 (B)
1
2

(C) 1 (D)
1
1 e +

Question Level 02

(01)
5
0
1 1
lim _____
10 1
j x
jx
x
e
e

(A) 0 (B) 1.1

(C) 0.5 (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 1999]\

(02) Limit of the function,
2
lim
n
n
n n
+
is _____

(A)
1
2
(B) 0

(C) (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2001]

(03) The value of the integral is I =
2
0
cos
/ 4
x dx
}

(A)
5
2
(B) 5

(C)
5
2
(D)
5
2


(04) Limit of the following sequence as n is
___________
1/n
x n =

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) (D) -


(05) What is the value of
/4
cos sin
lim
/ 4
x
x x
x

(A) 2

(B) 0

(C) 2

(D) Limit does not exist

(06) The function |2 3 | y x =

(A) is continuous x R e and differential
x R e

(B) is continuous x R e and differential
x R e except at x =
3
2

(C) is continuous x R e and differential
x R e except at x =
2
3

(D) Is continuous x R e and except at x =3
and differential x R e

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ME 1993]

(01)
0
( 1) 2(cos 1)
lim ________
(1 cos )
x
x
x e x
x x
+
=

(02) Value of the function ( ) lim
x a
x a
x a

is
________
(A) 1 (B) 0

(C) (D) a

eE1 / T2 / K5 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 2002]
(03) Which of the following functions is not
differentiable in the domain [-1, 1]?

(A) f(x) =x
2

(B) f(x) =x 1

(C) f(x) =2

(D) f(x) =maximum(x x)

(04) What should be the value of such that the
function defined below is continuous at ?
2
x =

cos
2
( )
2
1
2
x
if x
x
f x
if x

(A) 0 (B) 2

(C) 1 (D)
2

-----00000-----

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

2.6 Series


(01) The infinite sires
1 1
1
2 3
+ + +

(A) Converges (B) Diverges

(C) Oscillates (D) Unstable

(02) A series expansion for the function sin is
______

(A)
2 4
1 ........
2! 4!

+

(B)
3 6
........
3! 5!

+

(C)
2 3
1 ........
2! 3!

+ + + +

(D)
3 5
......
3! 5!

+ + +

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K6 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1995]
(01) The third termin the taylors series expansion of
x
e about a would be _______

(A) ( )
a
e x a (B)
2
( )
2
a
e
x a

(C)
2
a
e
(D)
3
( )
6
a
e
x a

(02) Which of the following function would have
only odd powers of x in its Taylor series
expansion about the point x =0?

(A)
( )
3
sin x (B)
( )
2
sin x

(C)
( )
3
cos x (D)
( )
2
cos x

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T2 / K6 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(01) Consider the following integral
4
1
lim ___
a
x
x dx
}

(A) Diverges (B) converges to 1/3

(C) Converges to
3
1
a
(D) converges to 0


(02) If ........ y x x x x = + + + + then y(2) =
_____

(A) 4 (or) 1 (B) 4 only

(C) 1 only (D) Undefined

(03) The series
2
0
1
( 1)
4
m
m
m
x
=

converges for

(A) 2 2 x < < (B) 1 3 x < <

(C) 3 1 x < < (D) 3 x <


(04) The infinite series

3 5 7
( )
3! 5! 7!
x x x
f x x = + + Converges to

(A) cos( ) x (B) sin( ) x

(C) sinh( ) x (D)
x
e

Question Level 03

(01) In the Taylor series expansion of sin
x
e x +
about the point x = , the coefficient of
( )
2
x is

(A)
e (B) 0.5
e

(C) 1
e + (D) 1
e

eE1 / T2 / K6 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(02) In the Taylor series expansion of e
x
about x =2,
the coefficient of (x 2)
4
is

(A)
1
4!
(B)
4
2
4!

(C)
2
4!
e
(D)
4
4!
e

(03) The Taylor series expansion of sinx about
6
x
[
= is given by

(A)
2 3
1 3 1 3
2 2 6 4 6 12 6
x x x
[ [ [ | | | | | |
+ +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

(B)
3 5 7
3! 5! 7!
x x x
x + +

(C)
3 5 7
6 6 6
6
1! 3! 5! 7!
x x x
x
[ [ [ | | | | | | [

| | |
\ . \ . \ .
+ +

(D)
1
2

(04)The Taylor series expansion of
sin
x
at x = is
given by

(A)
2
( )
1
3!
x
+ +

(B)
2
( )
1
3!
x
+

(C)
2
( )
1
3!
x
+

(D)
2
( )
1
3!
x
+ +

-----00000-----

2.7 Vector Calculus


(01) The expression curl (grad ) f where f is a
scalar function is

(A) Equal to
2
f V

(B) Equal to div (grad f )

(C) A scalar of zero magnitude

(D) A vector of zero magnitude
TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(02) Stokes theoremconnects

(A) A line integral and a surface integral

(B) A surface integral and a volume integral

(C) A line integral and a volume integral

(D) Gradient of a function and its surface
integral.

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(01) Given a vector field F
, the divergence theorem

states that

(A) . .
S V
F ds F dv = V
} }

(B) .
S V
F ds F dv = V
} }

(C)
S V
F ds F dv = V
} }

(D)
S V
F ds F dv = V .
} }

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(02) If a vector ( ) R t has a constant magnitude than

(A) . 0
dR
R
dt
= (B) . 0
d R
R
dt
=

(C) .
d R
R R
dt
= (D)
d R
R R
dt
=

(03) Which one of the following is Not associated
with vector calculus?

(A) Stokes theorem

(B) Gauss Divergence theorem

(C) Greens theorem

(D) Kennedys theorem

(04) P VV where P is a vector is equal to

(A)
2
P P P V V (B) ( ) P P V +V V

(C)
2
) P P V + (V (D)
2
( ) P P V V. V

(05) The area of a triangle formed by the tips of
vectors , a b and c is

(A)
1
( ) ( )
2
a b a c -
(B)
1
|( ) ( )|
2
a b a c

(C)
1
| |
2
a b c

(D)
1
( )
2
a b c -

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(06) The angle (in degrees) between two planar
vectors
3 1
2 2
a i j = + and
3 1
2 2
b i j
= + is


(A) 30 (B) 60

(C) 90 (D) 120

(07) The divergence of the vector field
( ) ( ) ( ) x y i y x j x y z k + + + + is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(08) If r is the position vector of any point on a
closed surface S that encloses the volume V
then ( . )
S
r d s
}}
is equal to

(A)
1
2
V (B) V

(C) 2V (D) 3V

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(09) If a vector field V is related to another field A
through V = A V , which of the following is
true?
Note: C and S
C
refer to any closed contour and
any surface whose boundary is C.

(A) . .
Sc
C
V dl Ads =
} }}

(B) . .
Sc
C
Adl V ds =
} }}

(C) . .
Sc
C
V dl Ads V = V
} }}

(D) . .
Sc
C
Adl V ds V = V
} }}

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 1993]
(10) A sphere of unit radius is centred at the origin.
The unit normal at a point (x, y, z) on the
surface of the sphere is the vector.

(A) (x, y, z) (B)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
| |
|
\ .

(C) , ,
3 3 3
x y z | |
|
\ .
(D) , ,
2 2 2
x y z | |
|
\ .

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1995]
(01) The directional derivative of the function f(x, y,
z) =x +y at the point P(1, 1, 0) along the
direction i j +

is

(A) 1/ 2 (B) 2

(C) - 2 (D) 2

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 1999]
(02) For the function
2 3
ax y y | = to represent the
velocity potential of an ideal fluid,
2
V | should
be equal to zero. In that case, the value of a
has to be

(A) -1 (B) 1

(C) 3 (D) 3

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2002]
(03) The directional derivative of the following
function at (1, 2) in the direction of (4i +3j) is:
F(x, y) =
2 2
x y +
TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

(A) 4/5 (B) 4

(C) 2/5 (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2003]
(04) The vector field F =xi yj (where i and j are
unit vectors) is

(A) Divergence free, but not irrotational

(B) Irrotational, but divergence free

(C) Divergence free and irrotational

(D) Neither divergence free nor irrotational

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(05) For the scalar field u =
2 3
,
2 3
x y
+ the magnitude
of the gradient at the point (1, 3) is

(A)
13
9
(B)
9
2

(C) 5 (D)
9
2

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(06) The directional derivative of
2 2 2
( , , ) 2 3 f x y z x y z = + + at the point p(2, 1, 3)
in the direction of the vector 2 a i k = is
_____.

(A) 2.785 (B) 2.145

(C) 1.789 (D) 1.000


(07) The expression V =
2
2
1
H
o
h
R dh
H
| |
|
\ .
}
for the
volume of a cone is equal to _______.

(A)
2
2
1
R
o
h
R dr
H
| |
|
\ .
}

(B)
2
2
1
R
o
h
R dh
H
| |
|
\ .
}

(C) 1
R
o
r
2rH dh
R
| |
|
\ .
}

(D)
2
1
R
o
r
2rH dr
R
| |
|
\ .
}

(08) The velocity vector is given as
2 2
5 2 3 . v xyi y j yz k = + + The divergence of this
velocity vector at (1, 1, 1) is

(A) 9 (B) 10

(C) 14 (D) 15

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(09) Divergence of the vector field ( , , ) v x y z =
( cos ) ( cos ) x xy y i y xy j + +
2 2 2
[(sin ) ] z x y k + + + is
(A)
2
2 cos z z (B)
2
sin 2 cos xy z z +
(C) sin cos x xy z (D) None of these


eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(10) The directional derivative of the scalar function
2 2
( , , ) 2 f x y z x y z = + + at the point P =(1, 1,
2) in the direction of the vector 3 4 a i j = is

(A) 4 (B) - 2

(C) 1 (D) 1

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(11) For a scalar function f(x, y, z) =
2 2 2
3 2 , x y z + +
the gradient at the point P (1, 2, -1) is

(A) 2 6 4 i j k + + (B) 2 12 4 i j k +

(C) 2 12 4 i j k + + (D) 56

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(12) For a scalar function f(x, y, z) =
2 2 2
3 2 , x y z + +
the directional derivative at the point P (1, 2, -1)
in the direction of a vector 2 i j k + is

(A) - 18 (B) 3 6

(C) 3 6 (D) 18

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(13) The divergence of the vector field
2

3 2 xzi xyj yz k + at a point (1, 1, 1) is equal to

(A) 7 (B) 4

(C) 3 (D) 0

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(14) F(x, y) =
2 2
( ) ( ) .
x y
x xy a y xy a + + + its line
integral over the straight line from( , ) (0,2) x y =
to (x, y) =(2, 0) evaluates to

(A) - 8 (B) 4

(C) 8 (D) 0

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(15) The line integral of the vector function
2

2 F xi x j = + along the x axis fromx =1 to x
=2 is

(A) 0 (B) 2.33

(C) 3 (D) 5.33

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(16) Divergence of the 3 dimensional radial vector
fields r is

(A) 3 (B)
1
r

(C)

i j k + + (D)
( )

3 i j k + +

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(17) If a and b are two arbitrary vectors with
magnitudes a and b respectively,
2
| | a b will
be equal to

(A)
2 2 2
( . ) a b a b (B) . ab ab

(C)
2 2 2
( . ) a b a b + (D) . ab ab +

TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE PI 2011]
(18) If A (0, 4, 3), B (0, 0, 0) and C (3, 0, 4) are there
points defined in x, y, z coordinate system, then
which one of the following vectors is
perpendicular to both the vectors B A and BC

(A) 16 9 12 i j K + (B) 16 9 12 i j K +

(C) 16 9 12 i j K (D) 16 9 12 i j K + +

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(19) Consider a closed surface S surrounding a
volume V. If r is the position vector of a point
inside S with n the unit normal on S, the
value of the integral 5 . r n ds
}}
is

(A) 3V (B) 5V

(C) 10V (D) 15V

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(20) The two vectors [1, 1, 1] and [1, a, a
2
] where a =
1 3
2 2
j
+ are

(A) Orthonormal (B) Orthogonal

(C) Parallel (D) Collinear

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1994]
(01) The directional derivative of f(x, y) =
2 2 2
2 3 x y z + + at point P(2, 1, 3) in the
direction of the vector 2 a i k =

is
(A) 4/ 5 (B) 4/ 5

(C) 5/ 4 (D) 5/ 4

(02) The derivative of f(x, y) at point (1, 2) in the
direction of vector i + j is 2 2 and in the
direction of the vector -2j is -3. Then the
derivative of f(x, y) in direction i-2j is

(A) 2 2 3/ 2 + (B) 7/ 5

(C) 2 2 3/ 2 (D) 1/ 5

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2005]
(03) Value of the integral
2
,
c
xydy y dx
}
where, c is
the square cut fromthe first quadrant by th line
x=1 and y =1 will be (Use Greens theorem to
change the line integral into double integral)

(A) 1/2 (B) 1

(C) 3/2 (D) 5/3

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2005]
(04) The line integral . V dr
}
of the vector function
V(r) =
2 2
2xyzi x zj x yk + + fromthe origin to
the point P (1, 1, 1)

(A) is 1

(B) is Zero

(C) is 1

(D) Cannot be determined without specifying
the path
eE1 / T2 / K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(05) A scalar field is given by f =
2/3 2/3
, x y + where
x and y are the Cartesian coordinates. The
derivative of f along the line y =x directed
away fromthe origin at the point (8, 8) is

(A)
2
3
(B)
3
2

(C)
2
3
(D)
3
2

eE1 / T2 / K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(06) Consider points P and Q in xy plane with P =
(1, 0) and Q = (0, 1). The line integral
2 ( )
Q
P
xdx ydy +
}
along the semicircle with the
line segment PQ as its diameter

(A) is 1

(B) is 0

(C) 1

(D) Depends on the direction (clockwise (or)
anti-clockwise) of the semi circle

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(07) If
2

x y
A xy a x a = +
then . A dl
}

over the path

shown in the figure is

(A) 0 (B)
2
3

(C) 1 (D) 2 3

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(08) The line integral
2
1
( )
P
P
ydx xdy +
}
from
1 1 1
( , ) P x y
to
2 2 2
( , ) P x y along the semi-circle P
1
P
2
shown
in the figure is

(A)
2 2 1 1
x y x y

(B)
2 2 2 2
2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) y y x x +

(C)
2 1 2 1
( )( ) x x y y

(D)
2 2
2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) y y x x +

eE1 / T2 /K7 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE PI 2011]
(09) If T(x, y, z) =
2 2 2
2 x y z + + defines the
temperature at any location (x, y, z) then the
TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

magnitude of the temperature gradient at point
P(1, 1, 1) is -----

(A) 2 6 (B) 4

(C) 24 (D) 6

-----00000-----

2.8 AREA / VOLUME

Question Level 03

E1 / T2 / K8 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 1994]
(01) The volume generated by revolving he area
bounded by the parabola
2
8 y x = and the line
2 x = about y-axis is

(A)
128
5
(B)
5
128

(C)
127
5
(D) None of the above

(02) The area bounded by the parabola
2
2y x = and
the lines 4 x y = is equal to _________

(A) 6 (B) 18

(C) (D) None of the above

eE1 / T2 / K8 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1997]
(03) Area bounded by the curve y =x
2
and the lines
x =4 and y =0 is given by

(A) 64 (B)
64
3

(C)
128
3
(D)
128
4

eE1 / T2 / K8 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2004]
(04) The area enclosed between the parabola y =x
2

ad the straight line y =x is _____

(A) 1/ 8 (B) 1/ 6

(C) 1/ 3 (D) 1/ 2

eE1 / T2 / K8 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2004]
(05) The volume of an object expressed in spherical
co-ordinates is given by

2 /3 1
2
0 0 0
sin

V r drd d = | |
} } }

The value of the integral

(A)
3
(B)
6

(C)
2
3
(D)
4

(06) Consider the shaded triangular region P shown
in the figure. What is ?
P
xy dx dy
}}

(A)
1
6
(B)
2
9

(C)
7
16
(D) 1

(07) If (x, y) is continuous function defined over (x,
y) e[0,1] [0,1] Given two constraints,
2
x y >
and
2
, y x > the volume under f(x, y) is
(A)
2
1
0
( , )
y x y
y x y
f x y dxdy
= =
= =
} }

(B)
2 2
1 1
( , )
y x
y x x y
f x y dxdy
= =
= =
} }

(C)
1 1
0 0
( , )
y x
y x
f x y dxdy
= =
= =
} }

(D)
0 0
( , )
y x x y
x x
f x y dxdy
= =
= =
} }

(08) The area enclosed between the curves
2
4 y x =
and
2
4 x y = is

(A)
16
3
(B) 8

(C)
32
3
(D) 16
(09) The parabolic arcy = , 1 2 x x s s is revolved
around the x-axis. The volume of the solid of
revolution is

(A)
4
(B)
2

(C)
3
4
(D)
3
2

-----00000-----
2.9 Miscellaneous


eE1 / T2 / K9 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 1999]
(01) The function f(x) =e
x
is ________

(A) Even (B) Odd

(C) Neither even nor odd (D) None

eE1 / T2 / K9 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1998]
(02) The continuous function f(x, y) is said to have
saddle point at (a, b) if

(A) ( , ) ( , ) 0
x y
f a b f a b = =
2
0
xy xx yy
f f f < at (a, b)

(B) ( , ) 0, ( , ) 0,
x y
f a b f a b = =
2
0
xy xx yy
f f f > at (a,b)

(C) ( , ) 0, ( , ) 0,
x y
f a b f a b = =
2
0
xy xx yy
f f f = at (a, b)

(D) ( , ) 0, ( , ) 0,
x y
f a b f a b = =
2
0
xy xx yy
f f f = at (a,b)

(03) The expression
lnx
e
for x >0 is equal to

(A) x (B) x

(C)
1
x
(D)
1
x

eE1 / T2 / K9 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 1998]
(04) A discontinuous real function can be expressed
as

(A) Taylors series and Fouriers series

(B) Taylors series and not by Fouriers series

(C) Neither Taylors series nor Fouriers series

(D) Not by Taylors series, but by Fouriers
series
TOPIC. 02 CALCULUS

Question Level 01

eE1 / T2 / K9 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 1998]
(01) The taylors series expansion of sinx
is_________

(A)
2 4
1 ..........
2! 4!
x x
+ (B)
2 4
1 ......
2! 4!
x x
+ + +

(C)
3 5
....
2! 4!
x x
x + + + (D)
3 5
....
3! 5!
x x
x + +

Question Level 02

(01) The infinite series
2
1
( !)
(2 )!
n
n
n

(A) Converges (B) Diverges

(C) Is unstable (D) Oscillate

(02) What is the value of
2
1
lim 1 ?
n
n
n
| |
|
\ .

(A) 0 (B)
2
e

(C)
1/2
e
(D) 1

(03) Roots of the algebraic equation
3 2
1 0 x x x + + + = are

(A) (1, j, -j) (B) (1, -1, 1)

(C) (0, 0, 0) (D) (-1, j, -j)

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T2 / K9 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1997]
(01) The curve given by the equation
2 2
3 x y axy + =
is

(A) Symmetrical about x axis

(B) Symmetrical about y axis

(C) Symmetrical about the line y =x

(D) Tangential to x =y =a/3

(02) For the function ,
x
e
the linear approximation

around x =2 is

(A) (3 x )
2
e

(B) 1 x

(C)
( )
2
3 2 2 1 2 x e
(
+ +

(D)
2
e

(03) For | | 1,coth( ) x x << can be approximated as

(A) x (B) x
2

(C)
1
x
(D)
2
1
x

(04) The length of the curvey y =
3/2
2
3
x between x =
0 & x =1 is

(A) 0.27 (B) 0.67

(C) 1 (D) 1.22

(05) A parabolic cable is held between two supports
at the same level. The horizontal span between
the supports is L.
The sag at the mid-span is h. The equation of
the parabola is y =
2
2
4 ,
x
h
L
where x is the
horizontal coordinate and y is the vertical
coordinate with the origin at the centre of the
cable. The expression for the total length of the
cable is

(A)
2 2
4
0
1 64
L
h x
dx
L
+
}

(B)
2 2
/2
4
0
2 1 64
L
h x
dx
L
+
}

(C)
2 2
/2
4
0
1 64
L
h x
dx
L
+
}

(D)
2 2
/2
4
0
2 1 64
L
h x
dx
L
+
}

(06) The distance between the origin and the point
nearest to it on the surface Z
2
=1 +xy is

(A) 1 (B)
3
2

(C) 3 (D) 2

-----00000-----


03
L
D i ffer ent i al Equat i ons
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS

3.1 Degree and order of DE


(01) The partial differential equation
2 2
2 2
0
y y x y
c | c | c| c|
+ + + =
c c c c
has

(A) degree 1 and order 2

(B) degree 1 and order 1

(C) degree 2 and order 1

(D) degree 2 and order 1
eE1 / T3 / K1 / L0 / V1/ R11 / AC [GATE PI 2005]
(02) The differential equation
3
2
1
dy
dx
(
| |
+ (
|
\ .
(

=
2
2
2
2
d y
C
dx
(
(

is of

(A) 2
nd
order and 3
rd
degree

(B) 3
rd
order and 2
nd
degree

(C) 2
nd
order and 2
nd
degree

(D) 3
rd
order and 3
rd
degree

eE1 / T3 / K1 / L0 / V1/ R11 / AB [GATE EC 2009]
(03) The order of differential equation
3
2
4
2
t
d y dy
y e
dx dx
| |
+ + =
|
\ .
is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4

(04) The following differential equation has
3
2
2
2
3 4 2
d y dy
y x
dt dt
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .

(A) degree =2, order =1

(B) degree =1, order =2

(C) degree =4, order =3

(D) degree =2, order =3

eE1 / T3 / K1 / L0 / V3 / R11 / A [GATE CE 2010]
(05) The order and degree of a differential equation
3
3
2
3
4 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
| |
+ + =
|
\ .
are respectively

(A) 3 and 2 (B) 2 and 3

(C) 3 and 3 (D) 3 and 1

eE1 / T3 / K1 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AB [GATE CE 2007]
(06) The degree of the differential equation
2
3
2
2 0
d x
x
dt
+ =
is

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 3

eE1 / T3 / K1 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AB [GATE ME 2007]
4 2
4 2
0
d y d y
P ky
dx dx
+ + =
is

(A) Linear of Fourth order

(B) Non Linear of fourth order

(C) Non Homogeneous

(D) Linear and Fourth degree

(08) The equation
2
2 8
2
( 4 ) 8
d y dy
x x y x
dx dx
+ + + = is a

(A) partial differential equation

(B) non-linear differential equation

(C) non-homogeneous differential equation

(D) ordinary differential equation
eE1 / T3 / K1 / L1 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1995]
11 3 5 1 3
( sin ) cos y S x y y x + + = is

(A) homogeneous

(B) non linear

(C) 2
nd
order linear

(D) non homogeneous with constant
coefficients

-----00000-----

3.2 Higher Order DE

Question Level 01

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AC [GATE PI 2011]
(01) The solution of the differential equation
2
2
6 9 9 6
d y dy
y x
dx dx
+ + = + with C
1
and C
2
as
constants is

(A)
3
1 2
( )
x
y C x C e
= +

(B)
3 3
1 2
x x
y C e C e
= +

(C)
3
1 2
( )
x
y C x C e x
= + +

(D)
3
1 2
( )
x
y C x C e x = + +

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AD [GATE CE 1998]
(02) The general solution of the differential equation

2
2
2
0
d y dy
x x y
dx dx
+ = is

(A) Ax +Bx
2
(A, B are constants)

(B) Ax +B logx (A, B are constants)

(C) Ax +Bx
2
logx (A, B are constants)

(D) Ax +Bxlog (A, B are constants)

TOPIC. 03 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Question Level 02

(01)
2x
y e
= is a solution of the differential equation

11 1
2 0 y y y + =

(A) True (B) False

(02) The general solution of the differential equation
2
( 4 4) 0 D D y + = is of the form(given D =
d
dx
an C
1
, C
2
are constants)

(A)
2
1
x
C e (B)
2 2
1 2
x x
C e C e
+

(C)
2 2
1 2
x x
C e C e + (D)
2 2
1 2
x x
C e C x e +

(03) For the differential equation
2
2
2
0,
d y
k y
dx
+ = the
boundary conditions are

(i) 0 y = for 0 x = and
(ii) 0 y = for x a =
The formof non-zero solution of y (where m
varies over all integers) are

(A) sin
m
m
mx
y A
a
| |
=
|
\ .

(B) cos
m
m
mx
y A
a
| |
=
|
\ .

(C)
m
a
m
m
y A x =

(D)
mx
a
m
m
y A e

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AA [GATE EC 1994]
(04) Match each of the items A, B, C with an appropriate
item from 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

(A)
2
1 2 3 4
2
d y dy
a a y a y a
dx dx
+ + =

(B)
3
1 2 3
3
d y
a a y a
dx
+ =

(C)
2
2
1 2 3
2
0
d y dy
a a x a x y
dx dx
+ + =

(1) Non linear differential equation

(2) Linear differential equation with constant
coefficients

(3) Linear homogeneous differential equation
(4) Non linear homogeneous differential equation
(5) Non linear first order differential equation

(A) A 1, B 2, C 3 (B) A 3, B 4, C - 2

(C) A 2, B 5, C 3 (D) A 3, B 1, C 2

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AD [GATE EC 2007]
2
2
2
2
d y
k y y
dx
=
under the boundary conditions
(i)
1
y y =
at
0 x =
and
(ii)
2
y y =
at
x =
where k,
1
y
and
2
y
are
constant is

(A)
2
1 2 2
( )
x
k
y y y e y
= +

(B)
2 1 1
( )
x
k
y y y e y
= +

(C)
1 2 1
( )sin
x
y y y h y
k
| |
= +
|
\ .


(D)
1 2 2
( )
x
k
y y y e y
= +

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AA [GATE PI 2008]
(06) The solutions of the differential equation
2
2
2 2 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ + =
are

(A)
(1 ) (1 )
,
i x i x
e e
+
(B)
(1 ) (1 )
,
i x i x
e e
+

(C)
(1 ) (1 )
,
i x i x
e e
+ +
(D)
(1 ) , (1 ) i x i x
e e
+ +

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AB [GATE EE 2010]
2
2
6 8 0
d x dx
x
dt dt
+ + =

with initial conditions x(0) =1 and
0
0
t
dx
dt
=
| |
=
|
\ .
the
solution

(A)
6 2
( ) 2
t t
x t e e

=
(B)
2 4
( ) 2
t t
x t e e

=

(C)
6 4
( ) 2
t t
x t e e

=
(D)
2 4
( ) 2
t t
x t e e

=

(08) A function n(x) satisfies the differential equation
2
2 2
( ) ( )
0
d n x n x
dx L
=
where L is a constant. The
boundary conditions are n(0) =k and n
( )
=0. The
solution to this equation is 06. A function n(x)
satisfies the differential equation.
This equation is

(A)
( ) ( ) exp / n x k x L =

(B)
( ) ( ) exp / n x k x L =

(C)
( )
2
( ) exp / x n k x L =

(D)
( )
2
( ) exp / n x k x L =

(09) For
2
2
2
4 3 3 ,
x
d y dy
y e
dx dx
+ + =
the particular integral
is

(A)
2
1
15
x
e
(B)
2
1
5
x
e

(C)
2
3
x
e
(D)
3
1 2
x x
c e c e

+

(10) The homogeneous part of the differential equation
2
2
2
d y dy
p q r
dx dx
+ + =
(p, q, r are constants) has real
distinct roots if

(A)
2
4 0 p q >
(B)
2
4 0 p q <

(C)
2
4 0 p q =
(D)
2
4 p q r =

(11) A solution of the differential equation
2
2
5 6 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ =
is given by

(A)
2 3 x x
y e e
= +
(B)
2 3 x x
y e e = +

(C)
2 3 x x
y e e
= +
(D) None of these.

(12) It is given that
" 2 ' 0, y y y + + =

(0) 0 y =

(1) 0 y =

what is
(0.5)? y

(A) 0 (B) 0.37

(C) 0.62 (D) 1.13


eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AC [GATE ME 2007]
(13) The solution of
2
dy
y
dx
= with initial value y(0) =
1 is bounded in the internal is

(A) x s s (B) 1 x s s

(C) 1, 1 x x < > (D) 2 2 x s s

(14) For initial value problem 2 101 10.4 ,
x
y y y e + + =
y(0)=1.1 and y(0) =- 0.9. Various solutions are
written in the following groups. Match the type
of solution with the correct expression.

Group I Group II
P. General solution
of Homogeneous
equations
(1)
0.1
x
e
Q. Particular integral (2) x
e
[A
cos10 sin10 x B x + ]
R. Total solution
satisfying
boundary
conditions
(3)
cos10 0.1
x x
e x e
+

Codes:
(A) P 2, Q 1, R -3 (B) P -1, Q -3, R 2

(C) P 1, Q 2, R 3 (D) P -3 , Q 2, R 1

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
2
2
0
d y
dx
=

with boundary conditions
(i)
1
dy
dx
=
at x =0

(ii)
1
dy
dx
=
at x =1 is

(A) y =1

(B) y =x

(C) y =x +c where c is an arbitrary constants are
arbitrary constants

(D) y =
1 2
C x C +
where C
1
, C
2
are arbitrary
constants

(16) The solution to the differential equation
11 1
( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 0 f x f x f x + + =

(A)
2
1
( )
x
f x e
=

(B)
2 2
1 2
( ) , ( )
x x
f x e f x e
= =

(C)
2 2
1 2
( ) , ( )
x x
f x e f x xe

= =

(D)
2
1 2
( ) , ( )
x x
f x e f x e

= =

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1995]
(17) The solution of a differential equation
11 1
3 2 0 y y y + + = is of the form

(A)
2
1 2
x x
c e c e + (B)
3
1 2
x x
c e c e
+

(C)
2
1 2
x x
c e c e

+ (D)
2
1 2
2
x x
c e c

+

(18) The particular solution for the differential
equation
2
2
3 2
d y dy
y
dx dt
+ + = sx is

(A) 0.5cos 1.5sin x x + (B) 1.5cos 0.5sin x x +

(C) 1.5sinx (D) 0.5cosx

(19) Solve for y if
2
2
2 0
d y dy
y
dt dt
+ + = with y(0) =1
and
1
(0) 2 y =

(A) (1 )
t
t e
(B) (1 )
t
t e +

(C) (1 )
t
t e + (D) (1 )
t
t e

(20) Which of the following is a solution of the
differential equation

2
( 1) 0?
d y dy
P q
dx dx
+ + + = Where p =4, q =3

(A)
3x
e
(B)
x
xe

(C)
2x
x e
(D)
2 2x
x e

(21) For the equation ( ) 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 5, x t x t x t + + = the
solution x(t) approaches the following values as
t

(A) 0 (B) 5/2

(C) 5 (D) 10

eE1 / T3 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE EE 2005]
(22) The solution to the ordinary differential equation

2
2
6 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ =
is

(A)
3 2
1 2
x x
y C e C e
= +

(B)
3 2
2 2
x x
y C e C e = +

(C)
3 2
1 2
x x
y C e C e
= +

(D)
3 2
1 2
x x
y C e C e

= +

(23) The solution for the following differential
equation with boundary conditions y(0) =2 and
1
(1) 3 y = is where
2
2
3 2
d y
x
dx
=

(A)
3 2
3 2
3 2
x x
y x = =

(B)
2
3
3 5 2
2
x
y x x = +

(C)
3
2
5 2
3 2
x x
y x = +

(D)
2
3
3
5
2 2
x
y x x = + +

(24) The solution
2
2
2 17 0;
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ + =
4
(0) 1, 0
x
dy
y
dx
=
| |
= =
|
\ .
in the range 0
4
x < < is
given by

(A)
1
[cos4 sin4 ]
4
x
e x x
+
(B)
1
[cos4 sin4 ]
4
x
e x x
(C)
4
1
[cos4 sin ]
4
x
e x x

(D)
4
1
[cos4 sin4 ]
4
x
e x x

(25) The complete solution of the ordinary differential
equation
2
2
0
d y dy
P qy
dx dx
+ + = is

3
1 2
x x
y C e C e

= + then P and q are

(A) P =3, q =3 (B) P =3, q =4

(C) P =4, q =3 (D) P =4, q =4

3.3 Leibnitz linear equation

Question Level 02

(01) Which of the following is a solution to the
( ) 3 ( ) 0, (0) 2?
d
x t x t x
dt
+ = =

(A) ( ) 3
t
x t e
= (B)
3
( ) 2
t
x t e
=

(C)
2
3
( )
2
x t t
= (D)
2
( ) 3 x t t =

(02) For the differential equation 5 0
dy
y
dt
+ = with
(0) 1, y = the general solution is:

(A)
5t
e (B)
5t
e

(C)
5
5
t
e
(D)
5t
e

eE1 / T3 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R112 / A [GATE EE 1994]
dy y
x
dx x
+ = with the condition that 1 y = at x =1
is:

(A)
2
2
3 3
x
y
x
= + (B)
1
2 2
x
y
x
= +

(C)
2
3 3
x
y = + (D)
2
2
3 3
x
y
x
= +

2
2
x
dy
xy e
dx
+ = with (0) 1 y = is
(A)
2
(1 )
x
x e + (B)
2
(1 )
x
x e
+

(C)
2
(1 )
x
x e (D)
2
(1 )
x
x e

eE1 / T3 / K3 / L2 / V1/ R11 / AD [GATE ME 2005]
(05) If
2
2ln
2
dy x
x xy
dx x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
and y(1) =0 then what
is y(e)?

(A) e (B) 1

(C)
1
e
(D)
2
1
e

,
dy
py Q
dx
+ =
is a linear
equation of first order only if,

(A) P is a constant but Q is a function of y

(B) P and Q are functions of y (or) constants

(C) P is a functions of y but Q is a constant

(D) P and Q are functions of x (or) constants

(07) The solution of
4
dy
x y x
dx
+ = with condition
6
(1)
5
y =

(A)
4
1
5
x
y
x
= + (B)
4
4 4
5 5
x
y
x
= +
(C)
4
1
5
x
y = + (D)
5
1
5
x
y = +
(08) Transformation to linear formby substituting v =
1 n
y

of the equation ( ) ( ) , 0
n
dy
P t y q t y n
dt
+ = >
will be

(A) (1 ) (1 )
dv
n pv n q
dt
+ =

(B) (1 ) (1 )
dv
n pv n q
dt
+ + = +

(C) (1 ) (1 )
dv
n pv n q
dt
+ + =

(D) (1 ) (1 )
dv
n pv n q
dt
+ + = +

(09) Consider the differential equation
x
dy
y e
dx
+ =
with (0) 1. y = Then the value of (1) y is

(A)
1
e e
+ (B)
1
1
2
e e
(

(C)
1
1
2
e e
( +

(D)
1
2 e e
(

2
1
dy
y
dx
= satisfying the condition y(0) =1 is

(A)
2
x
y e = (B) y x =

(C)
( )
cot
4
y x = + (D)
( )
tan
4
y x = +

-----00000-----

3.4 Miscellaneous

Question Level 01

eE1 / T3 / K4 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AA [GATE ME 2003]
2
0
dy
y
dx
+ = is

(A)
1
y
x c
=
+

(B)
3
3
x
y c = +
(C)
x
c e
(D) Unsolvable as equations is non linear

eE1 / T4 / K4 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AB [GATE CE 1997]
( , ) ( , ) 0
dy
f x y g x y
dx
+ = to be exact is

(A)
f g
y x
c c
=
c c
(B)
f g
x y
c c
=
c c

(C) f g = (D)
2 2
2 2
f g
x y
c c
=
c c

eE1 / T4 / K4 / L1 / V1/ R11 / AC [GATE CE 1999]
(03) If C is a constant, then the solution of
2
1
dy
y
dx
= + is

(A) sin( ) y x c = + (B) cos( ) y x c = +

(C) tan( ) y x c = + (D)
x
y e c = +

-----00000-----


Question Level 02

(01) The solution for the differential equation
2
dy
x y
dx
= with the condition that y =1 at x =0 is

(A)
1
2x
y e = (B)
3
ln( ) 4
3
x
y = +

(C)
2
ln( )
2
x
y = (D)
3
3
x
y e =

(02) A body originally at
0
60 cools down to 40 in 15
minutes when kept in air at a temperature of
0
25 . c What will be the temperature of the body
at the and of 30 minutes?

(A)
0
35.2 C (B)
0
31.5 C

(C)
0
28.7 C (D)
0
15 C

2
1 .
dy
y
dx
= +
Which one of the following can be particular
solution of this differential equation?

(A) tan( 3) y x = + (B) tan( 3) y x = +

(C) tan( 3) x y = + (D) tan( 3) x y = +

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) Solution of the differential equation
3 2 0
dy
y x
dx
+ = represents a family of

(A) ellipses (B) circles

(C) parabolas (D) hyperbolas

(02) Which one of the following differential equations
has a solution given by the function
5sin 3
5
y x
| |
= +
|
\ .

(A)
5
cos(3 ) 0
3
dy
x
dx
= (B)
5
(cos3 ) 0
3
dy
x
dx
+ =

(C)
2
2
9 0
d y
y
dx
+ = (D)
2
2
9 0
d y
y
dx
=

eE1 / T3 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(03) Let .
x
f y = What is
x
x y
c
c c
at x =2, y =1?

(A) 0 (B) ln 2

(C) 1 (D)
2
1
ln

(04) Match each differential equation in Group I to its
family of solution curves fromGroup II.

Group I Group II
P:
dy y
dx x
=
(1) Circles
Q:
dy y
dx x
=
(2) Straight lines

R:
dy x
dx y
=
(3) Hyperbolas
S:
dy x
dx y
=

(A) P-2, Q-3, R-3, S-1 (B) P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-1

(C) P-2,Q-1,R-3, S-3 (D) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-2

(05) With K as constant, the possible solution for the
first order differential equation
3x
dy
e
dx
= is

(A)
3
1
3
x
e K
+ (B)
3
1
( 1)
3
x
e K +

(C)
3
3
x
e K
+ (D)
kx
y Ce
=

(06) The differential
2
2
sin 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ + = is

(A) linear (B) non linear

(C) homogeneous (D) of degree two

(07) The necessary & sufficient for the differential
equation of the formM(x, y)dx +N(x, y) dy =0
to be exact is

(A) M =N (B)
M N
x y
c c
=
c c

(C)
M N
y x
c c
=
c c
(D)
2 2
2 2
M N
x y
c c
=
c c

(08) The solution of differential equation
, (0)
dy
Ky y C
dx
= = is

(A)
Ky
x Ce = (B)
cy
x Ke =

(C)
kx
y e C = (D)
kx
y Ce
=

(09) Consider the differential equation 2 0 y y y + + =
with boundary conditions (0) 1 y = (0) 0 y = .The
value of (2) y is

(A) 1 (B) - e
1

(C)
2
e
(D)
2
e

2
(1 ) .
dy
y x
dx
= +
The general solution with constant C is

(A)
2
tan
2
x
y C
| |
= +
|
\ .
(B)
2
tan
2
x
y C
| |
= +
|
\ .

(C)
2
tan
2
x
y C
| |
= +
|
\ .
(D)
2
tan
2
x
y C
| |
= +
|
\ .

(11) The one dimensional heat conduction partial
2
T T
t x
c c
=
c c
is

(A) parabolic (B) hyperbolic

(C) elliptic (D) mixed


(12) The number of boundary conditions required to
solve the differential equation
2 2
2 2
0
x y
c | c |
+ =
c c
is

(A) 2 (B) 0

(C) 4 (D) 1

(13) Biotransformation of an organic compound
having concentration (x) can be modelled using
an ordinary differentia equation
2
0,
dx
kx
dt
+ =
where k is the reaction rate constant. If x =a at t
=0 then solution of the equation is

(A)
kt
x a e
= (B)
1
1
kt
a
x
= +

(C) (1 )
kt
x a e
= (D) x a kt = +

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(1)
1 1
0 1 1
n n n n
n n
f a x a n a y a y

= + + + + where
i
a (i =0 to n) are constants then v
f f
x y
x y
c c
+
c c
is

(A)
f
n
(B)
n
f

(C) n f (D) n f

-----00000-----


04
L
Complex V ar i able
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS
4.1Cauchys Theorem

Question Level 02

eE1 / T4 / K1 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(01) The value of the contour integral
2
| | 2
1
4
z j
dz
z
=
+
}

in the positive sense is
(A)
2
j
(B)
2

(C)
2
j
(D)
2

(02) Using Cauchys integral theorem, the value of the
integral (integration being taken in contour clock
wise direction)

3
6
3
C
z
dz
z i
}
is where C is |z| =1

(A)
2
4
81
i (B) 6
8
i

(C)
4
6
81
i (D) 1

(03) For the function
3
sinz
z
of a complex variable z,
the point z =0 is

(A) a pole of order 3 (B) a pole of order 2

(C) a pole of order 1 (D) not a singularity

(04) The value of
2
1
(1 )
C
dz
z +
}
where C is the contour
| / 2| 1 z i =

(A) 2i (B)

(C)
1
tan ( ) z
(D)
1
tan i z

(05) If the semi circulator controur D of radius 2 is
as shown in the figure. Then the value of the
integral
2
1
1
D
s
}
ds is
TOPIC. 04 COMPLEX VARIABLE

(A) i (B) i

(C) (D)

cos(2 )
(2 1)( 3)
C
z
z z
}
dz
where C is a closed curve given by 1 1 1 > = is

(A) i (B)
5
i

(C)
2
5
i
(D) i

(07) If f(z) =
1
0 1
C C z
+ then
1( ( )
unit
f z
dz
z
}
is given

(A)
1
2 C (B) ( )
0
2 1 C +

(C)
1
2 j C (D)
0
2 (1 ) j C +

(08) The contour integral
1
z
C
e
}
dz with C as the
counter clock wise unit circle in the z plane is
equal to

(A) 0 (B) 2
(C) 2 1 (D)

(09) For an analytic function f(x +iy) =u(x, y) +iv(x,
y), u is given by u =
2 2
3 3 . x y The expression
for v. Considering k is to be constant is

(A)
2 2
3 3 y x k + (B) 6 6 x y k +

(C) 6 6 y x k + (D) 6xy k +

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) Consider likely applicability of Cauchys Integral
theorem to evaluate the following integral
counter clock wise around the unit circle C I =
sec ,
C
zdz z
}
being a complex variable. The value
of I will be

(A) I =0; Singularities set =|

(B) I =0; Singularities set =

(2 1)
/ 0,1,2,........
2
n
n
+
=
`
)

(C) I = / 2 ; Singularities set =

{ } ; 0,1,2,........... n n =

(D) None of the above.

(02) The value of
sin
,
a
z
dz
z
}
where the contour of the
integration is a simple closed curve around the
origin is

(A) 0 (B) 2 j

(C) (D)
1
2 j

eE1 / T4 / K1 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
2
3 4
,
4 5
C
z
dz
z z
+
+ +
}
when
C is the circle | | 1 z = is given by

(A) 0 (B)
1
10

(C)
4
5
(D) 1

(04) The value of
2
4
,
1
C
z
dz
z
}
using Cauchys integral
around the circle | 1| 1 z + = where z x iy = + is

(A) 2i (B)
2
i

(C)
3
2
i
(D)
2
i

-----00000-----

4.2 Miscellaneous


(01) The real part of the complex number z x iy = + is
given by
(A) Re( ) * z z z = (B)
*
Re( )
2
z z
z

=

(C)
*
Re( )
2
z z
z
+
= (D) Re( ) * z z z = +

(02) cos|can be represented as

(A)
2
i i
e e
| |
(B)
2
i i
e e
i
| |

(C)
i i
e e
i
| |
+
(D)
2
i i
e e
| |
+

(03) If Z =x +jy where x, y are real then the value of
| |
jz
e is

(A) 1 (B)
2 2
x y
e
+

(C)
y
e (D)
y
e

(04) The product of complex numbers (3 21) & (3 +
i4) results in

(A) 1 +6i (B) 9 8i

(C) 9 +8i (D) 17 +i 6

(05) The analytical function has singularities at, where
f(z) =
2
1
1
z
z
+

(A) 1 and -1 (B) 1 and i

(C) 1 and i (D) i and i

-----00000-----


Question Level 01

(01) ,
i
i where i = 1 is given by

(A) 0 (B)
/2
e

(C)
2
(D) 1

(02)
z
e is a periodic with a period of

(A) 2 (B) 2i

(C) (D) i

(03) The function
( )
2 2 1
1
log( ) tan
2
y
w u iv x y i
x
= + = + + is not
analytic at the point.

(A) (0, 0) (B) (0, 1)

(C) (1, 0) (D) (2, )

(04) The value of the expression
5 10
3 4
i
i
+
+

(A) 1 2i (B) 1 2i +

(C) 2 i (D) 2 i +

eE1 / T4 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(05) The equation sin( ) 10 z = has

(A) no real (or) complex solution

(B) exactly two distinct complex solutions

(C) a unique solution

(D) an infinite number of complex solutions
(06) The contour C in the adjoining figure is described
by
2 2
16. x y + = Then the value of
2
8
(0.5) (1.5)
C
z
dz
z j
+
}

(A) 2 j (B) 2 j

(C) 4 j (D) 4 j

(07) Let j = 1. Then one value of
j
j is

(A) 3 (B) 1

(C)
1
2
(D)
2

(08) If a complex number z =
3 1
2 2
i + then
4
z is

(A) 2 2 2i + (B)
1 3
2 2
i +

(C)
3 1
2 2
i (D)
3 1
8 8
i

(09) The product of two complex numbers 1 +i & 2
5 i is

(A) 7 3i (B) 3 4i

(C) 3 4 i (D) 7 +3i


(10) The residue of the function f(z) =
2 2
1
( 2) ( 2) z z +
at z =2 is

(A)
1
32
(B)
1
16

(C)
1
16
(D)
1
32

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

(01) The complex number z x jy = + which satisfy
the equation | 1| 1 z + = lie on

(A) a circle with (1, 0) as the centre and radius 1

(B) a circle with (-1, 0) as the centre and radius 1

(C) y axis

(D) x axis

(02) The bilinear transformation w =
1
1
z
z
+

(A) Maps the inside of the unit circle in the z
plane to the left half of the w - plane

(B) Maps the outside the unit circle in the z
plane to the left half of the w plane

(C) maps the inside of the unit circle in the z
plane to right half of the w plane

(D) maps the outside of the unit circle in the z
plane to the right half of the w plane
(03) Which one of the following is Not true for the
complex numbers z
1
and z
2
?

(A)
1 1 2
2
2 2
| |
z z z
z z
=

(B)
1 2 1 2
| | | | | | z z z z + s +

(C)
1 2 1 2
| | | | | | z z z z + s

(D)
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
| | | | 2| | 2| | z z z z z z + + = +

(04) Consider the circle | 5 5 | 2 z i = in the complex
number plane (x, y) with z =x+iy. The minimum
distance fromthe origin to the circle is

(A) 5 2 2 (B) 54

(C) 34 (D) 5 2

(05) Let
3
, z z = where z is a complex number not
equal to zero. Then z is a solution of

(A)
2
1 z = (B)
3
1 z =

(C)
4
1 z = (D)
9
1 z =

(06) For the function of a complex variable w =l nz
(where w = u jv + and z x jy = + ) the u =
constant lines get mapped i the z plane as


(A) Set of radial straight lines

(B) Set of concentric circles

(C) Set of co focal hyperbolas

(D) Set of co focal ellipses

(07) Potential function | is given
2 2
. x y | = + What
will be the streamfunction with the condition
0 = at x =0, y =0?

(A) 2xy (B)
2 2
x y +

(C)
2 2
x y + (D)
2 2
2x y


(08) The modulus of the complex number
3 4
1 2
i
i
+
is

(A) 5 (B) 5

(C)
1
5
(D)
1
5

(09) If complex number e satisfies the equation
3
1 e = then the value of
1
1+ e+
e
is _______

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D) 4

eE1 / T4 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(10) The integral ( ) f z dz
}
evaluated around the unit
circle on the complex plane for ( )
Coz z
p z
z
= is

(A) 2 i (B) 4 i

(C) 2 i (D) 0

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) If ( , ) x y | and ( , ) x y are functions with
continuous 2
nd
derivatives then
( , ) ( , ) x y i x y | + can be expressed as an
analytic function of ( 1) x iy i + = when

(A) ,
x x y y
c| c c| c
= =
c c c c

(B) ,
x x y y
c| c c| c
= =
c c c c

(C)
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1
x y x y
c | c | c c
+ = + =
c c c c

(D) 0
x y x y
c| c| c c
+ = + =
c c c c

eE1 / T4 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(02) A complex variable z x j = + (0.1) has its real
part x varying in the range to . Which one
of the following is the locus (shown in thick
lines) of
1
z
in the complex plane?


(03) One of the roots of equation
3
, x j = where j is
the +ve square root of 1 is

(A) j (B)
3
2 2
j
+

(C)
3
2 2
j
(D)
3
2 2
j

(04) An analytic function of a complex variable z =
x iy + is expressed as f(z) = ( , ) ( , ) u x y i v x y +
where 1 i = . If u =xy then the expression for
v should be

(A)
2
( )
2
x y
k
+
+ (B)
2
2
x y
k
+

(C)
2 2
2
y x
k
+
+ (D)
2
( )
2
x y
k
+

(05) If f(x +iy) =
3 2
3 ( , ) x xy i x y + | where 1 i =
and ( ) f x iy + is an analytic function then
( / ) x y | is

(A)
3 2
3 y x y (B)
2 3
3x y y

(C)
4 3
4 x x y (D)
2
xy y

(06) A point z has been plotted in the complex plane
as shown in the figure below


The plot of the complex number

-----00000-----


05
Pr obabi li t y and St at i st i cs
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- CS/ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS

5.2 Combination

Question Level 01

eE1 / T5 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 2004]
(01) Froma pack of regular playing cards, two cards
are drawn at random. What is the probability that
both cards will be kings, if the card is NOT
replaced?

(A) 1/26 (B) 1/52

(C) 1/169 (D) 1/221

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T5 / K2 / L2 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 2003]
(01) A box contains 10 screws, 3 of which are
defective. Two screws are drawn at randomwith
replacement. The probability that none of the two
screws is defective will be

(A) 100% (B) 50%

(C) 49% (D) None of these

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T5 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE IT 2005]
(01) A bag contains 10 blue marbles, 20 black marbles
and 30 red marbles. A marble is drawn fromthe
bag, its colour recorded and it is put back in the
bag. This process is repeated 3 times. The
probability that no two no two of the marbles
drawn have the same colour is

(A)
1
36
(B)
1
6

(C)
1
4
(D)
1
3

(02) A box contains 2 washers, 3 nuts and 4 bolts.
Items are drawn fromthe box at random one at a
time without replacement. The probability of
drawing 2 washers first followed by 3 nuts and
subsequently the 4 bots is

(A) 2/315 (B) 1/630

(C) 1/1260 (D) 1/2520

(03) A box contains 4 while balls and 3 red balls. In
succession, two balls are randomly selected and
removed fromthe box. Given that first removed
TOPIC. 05 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

ball is white, the probability that the 2
nd
removed
ball is red is

(A) 1/3 (B) 3/7

(C) (D) 4/7

(04) Two white and two black balls, kept in two bins,
are arranged in four ways as shown below. In
each arrangement, a bin has to be chosen
randomly and only one ball needs to be picked
randomly from the chosen bin. Which one of the
following arrangements has the highest
probability for getting a white ball picked?

(05) There are two containers with one containing 4
red and 3 green balls and the other containing 3
blue balls and 4 green balls. One ball is drawn at
random from each container. The probabilities
that one of the balls is red and the other is blue
will be ________

(A)
1
7
(B)
4
49

(C)
12
49
(D)
3
7

-----00000-----

5.3 Probability related problems


(01) If P and Q are two random events, then the
following is true

(A) Independence of P and Q implies that
probability ( ) 0 P Q =

(B) Probability ( ) P Q > probability (P) +
probability (Q)

(C) If P and Q are mutually exclusive then they
must be independent

(D) Probability ( ) P Q s probability (P)

(02) A fair coin is tossed 3 times in succession. If the
first toss produces a head, then the probability of
getting exactly two heads in three tosses is

(A)
1
8
(B)
1
2

(C)
3
8
(D)
3
4


(03) A fair dice is rolled twice. The probability that an
odd number will follow an even number is

(A)
1
2
(B)
1
6

(C)
1
3
(D)
1
4

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 1997]
(01) The probability that it will rain today is 0.5, the
probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.6. The
probability that it will rain either today or
tomorrow is 0.7. What is the probability that it
will rain today and tomorrow?

(A) 0.3 (B) 0.25

(C) 0.35 (D) 0.4

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 2000]
(02) E
1
and E
2
are events in a probability space
satisfying the following constraints
1 2
( ) ( ); P E P E =
1 2
( ) 1 P E Y E = :
1 2
& E E are
independent then
1
( ) P E =

(A) 0 (B)
1
4

(C)
1
2
(D) 1

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L1 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 2003]
(03) Let P(E) denote the probability of an event E.
Given P(A) =1, P(B) =
1
2
the values of P(A/B)
and P(B/A) respectively are

(A)
1 1
,
4 2
(B)
1 1
,
2 4

(C)
1
,1
2
(D)
1
1,
2

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 2004]
(04) A hydraulic structure has four gates which
operate independently. The probability of failure
of each gate is 0.2. Given that gate 1 has failed,
the probability that both gates 2 and 3 will fail is

(A) 0.240 (B) 0.200

(C) 0.040 (D) 0.008

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 2001]
(05) Seven car accidents occurred in a week, what is
the probability that they all occurred on same
day?
(A)
7
1
7
(B)
6
1
7

(C)
7
1
2
(D)
7
7
2

(06) If a fair coin is tossed 4 times, what is the
probability that two heads and two tails will
result?


(A)
3
8
(B)
1
2

(C)
5
8
(D)
3
4

(07) Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The
probability that the sum of numbers on both
exceeds 8 is

(A)
4
36
(B)
7
36

(C)
9
36
(D)
10
36

(08) A coin is tossed 4 times. What is the probability
of getting heads exactly 3 times?

(A) 1/4 (B) 3/8

(C) 1/2 (D)

(09) An examination consists of two papers, paper 1
and paper 2. The probability of failing in
probability of failing in paper 1 is 0.6. The
probability of a student failing in both the papers
is
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.18

(C) 0.12 (B) 0.06

(10) A fair coin is tossed independently four times.
The probability of the event The number of
times heads show up is more than the number of
times tails show up is

(A) 1/16 (B) 1/8

(C) (D) 5/16

(11) Two coins are simultaneously tossed. The
probability of two heads simultaneously
appearing is

(A) 1/8 (B) 1/6

(C) 1/4 (D)

(12) An unbiased coin is tossed five times. The
outcome of each loss is either a head or a tail.
Probability of getting at least one head is
________

(A)
1
32
(B)
13
32

(C)
16
32
(D)
31
32

(13) It two fair coins are flipped and at least one of the
outcomes is known to be a head, what is the
probability that both outcomes are heads?

(A)
1
3
(B)
1
4

(C)
1
2
(D)
2
3

-----00000-----


Question Level 02

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 1995]
(01) The probability that a number selected at random
between 100 and 999 (both inclusive) will not
contain the digit 7 is

(A)
16
25
(B)
3
9
10
| |
|
\ .

(C)
27
75
(D)
18
25

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L2 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1998]
(02) A die is rolled three times. The probability that
exactly one odd number turns up among the three
outcomes is

(A)
1
6
(B)
3
8

(C)
1
8
(D)
1
2

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L2 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 1998]
(03) The probability that two friends share the same
birth-month is
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/12

(C) 1/144 (D) 1/24

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE IT 2004]
(04) In a population of N families, 50% of the families
have three children, 30% of families have two
children and the remaining families have one
child. What is the probability that a randomly
picked child belongs to a family with two
children?
(A)
3
23
(B)
6
23

(C)
3
10
(D)
3
5

(05) The probability that there are 53 Sundays in a
randomly chosen leap year is

(A)
1
7
(B)
1
14

(C)
1
28
(D)
2
7

(06) A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability
that the 2
nd
toss results in a value that is higher
than the first toss is

(A)
2
36
(B)
2
6

(C)
5
12
(D)
1
2

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L2 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 1999]
(07) Consider two events E
1
and E
2
such that
1
1
( ) ,
2
p E =
2
1
( )
3
p E = and
1 2
1
( ) .
5
E I E = Which
of the following statement is true?

(A)
1 2
2
( )
3
p E Y E =

(B)
1
E and
2
E are independent

(C)
1
E and
2
E are not independent

(D)
1 2
( / ) 4/5 P E E =

Question Level 03

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2002]
(01) Four fair coins are tossed simultaneously. The
probability that at least one heads and at least one
tails turn up is

(A)
1
16
(B)
1
8

(C)
7
8
(D)
15
16

(02) Two cards are drawn at randomin succession
with replacement froma deck of 52 well shuffled
cards Probability of getting both Aces is

(A)
1
169
(B)
2
169

(C)
1
13
(D)
2
13

(03) In a game, two players X and Y toss a coin
alternately. Whosever gets a heat first, wins the
game and the game is terminated. Assuming that
player X starts the game the probability of player
X winning the game is

(A) 1/3 (B) 1/3

(C) 2/3 (D) 3/4

eE1 / T5 / K3 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(04) A fair coin is tossed 10 time. What is the
probability that only the first two tosses will yield
heads?

(A)
2
1
2
| |
|
\ .
(B)
2
2
1
10
2
c
| |
|
\ .

(C)
10
1
2
| |
|
\ .
(D)
10
2
1
10
2
c
| |
|
\ .

(05) What is the probability that a divisor of 10
99
is a
multiple of 10
96
?

(A) 1/625 (B) 4/625

(C) 12/625 (D) 16/625

(06) The box 1 contains chips numbered 3, 6, 9, 12
and 15. The box 2 contains chips numbered 6, 11,
16, 21 and 26. Two chips, one fromeach box are
drawn at random.
The numbers written on these chips are
multiplied. The probability for the product to be
an even number is ___________ .

(A)
6
25
(B)
2
5

(C)
3
5
(D)
19
25


(07) It is estimated that the average number of events
during a year is three. What is the probability of
occurrence of not more than two events over a
two-year duration? Assume that the number of
events follow a poisson distribution.

(A) 0.052 (B) 0.062

(C) 0.072 (D) 0.082

(08) A single die is thrown two times. What is the
probability that the sumis neither 8 nor 9?

(A)
1
9
(B)
5
36

(C)
1
4
(D)
3
4

(09) Assume for simplicity that N people, all born in
April (a month of 30 days) are collected in a
room, consider the event of at least two people in
the room being born on the same date of the
month even if in different years e.g. 1980 and
1985. What is the smallest N so that the
probability of this exceeds 0.5 is?

(A) 20 (B) 7

(C) 15 (D) 16

-----00000-----
5.4 Bays theorems

No Question

5.5 Probability Distribution


(01) Assume that the duration in minutes of a
telephone conversation follows the exponential
distribution f(x) =
/5
1
, .
5
x
e x o
> The probability

that the conversation will exceed five minutes is

(A)
1
e
(B)
1
1
e

(C)
2
1
e
(D)
2
1
1
e

eE1 / T5 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 2005]
(02) Lot has 10% defective items. Ten items are
chosen randomly from this lot. The probability
that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is

(A) 0.0036 (B) 0.1937

(C) 0.2234 (D) 0.3874

-----00000-----


Question Level 01

eE1 / T5 / K5 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 2000]
(01) In a manufacturing plant, the probability of
making a defective bolt is 0.1. The mean and
standard deviation of defective bolts in a total of
900 bolts are respectively

(A) 90 and 9 (B) 9 and 90

(C) 81 and 9 (D) 9 and 81

(02) A lot had 10% defective items. Ten items are
chosen randomly from this lot. The probability
that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is

(A) 0.0036 (B) 0.1937

(C) 0.2234 (D) 0.3874

(03) The life of a bulb (in hours) is a randomvariable
with an exponential distribution f(t) = ,
t
e
0 . t s s The probability that its value lies b/w

100 and 200 hours is

(A)
100 200
e e

(B)
100 200
e e

(C)
100 200
e e

+ (D)
200 100
e e

(04) If the standard deviation of the spot speed of
vehicles in a highway is 8.8 kemps and the mean
speed of the vehicles is 33 kmph, the coefficient
of variation in speed is

(A) 0.1517 (B) 0.1867

(C) 0.2666 (D) 0.3646
Question Level 02

(01) If X is a continuous random variable whose
probability density function is given by

2
(5 2 ), 0 2
( )
0,
k x x x
f x
otherwise
s s
=

Then P(x >

1) is

(A) 3/14 (B) 4/5

(C) 14/17 (D) 17/28

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T5 / K5 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 1999]
(01) Four arbitrary points
1 1
( , ) x y ,
2 2 3 3
( , ),( , ) x y x y ,
4 4
( , ) x y , are given in the xy plane using the
method of least squares, if, regressing y upon x
gives the fitted line y =ax +b; and regressing x
upon y gives the fitted line x =cy +d, then

(A) The two fitted lines must coincide

(B) the two fitted lines need not coincide

(C) It is possible that ac =0

(D) a must be 1/c

-----00000-----


5.6 Random Variable


eE1 / T5 / K6 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 2009]
(01) Using given data points tabulated below, a
straight line passing through the origin is fitted
using least squares method. The slope of the line

x 1 2 3
y 1.5 2.2 2.7

(A) 0.9 (B) 1

(C) 1.1 (D) 1.5

(02) Let X and Y be two independent random
variables. Which one of the relations b/w
expectation (E), variance (V
ar
) and covariance
(C
ov
) given below is FALSE?

(A) E(XY) =E(X) E(Y)

(B) cov (X, Y) =0

(C) V
ar
(X +Y) =V
ar
(X) +V
ar
(Y)

(D) E(X
2
Y
2
) =(E(X))
2
(E(y))
2

eE1 / T5 / K6 / L0 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE 2008]
(03) Three values of x and y are to be fitted in a
straight line in the form y a bx = + by the method
of least squares. Given 6, 21, x y = =
2
14, 46, x xy = = the values of a and b are
respectively

(A) 2, 3 (B) 1, 2

(C) 2, 1 (D) 3, 2
(04) The standard deviation of a uniformly distributed
randomvariable b/w 0 and 1 is

(A)
1
12
(B)
1
3

(C)
5
12
(D)
7
12

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

(01) X is uniformly distributed randomvariable that
takes values between 0 and 1. The value of E(X
3
)
will be

(A) 0 (B) 1/8

(C) 1/4 (D)

(02) A randomvariable is uniformly distributed over
the interval 2 to 10. Its variance will be

(A) 16/3 (B) 6

(C) 256/9 (D) 36

(03) Consider a Gaussian distributed randomvariable
with zero mean and standard deviation . The
value of its cumulative distribution function at
the origin will be

(A) 0 (B) 0.5

(C) 1 (D) 10


(04) P
x
(X) = Me
(-2|x|)
+ Ne
(-3|x|)
is the probability
density function for the real randomvariable X,
over the entire x-axis, M and N are both positive
real numbers. The equation relating M and N is

(A)
2
1
3
M N + = (B)
1
2 1
3
M N + =

(C) 1 M N + = (D) 3 M N + =

(05) For a random variable ( ) x x < < following
normal distribution, the mean is 100 = If the
probability is P = for 110. x > Then the
probability of x lying b/w 90 and 110 i.e.
(90 110) P x s s and equal to

(A) 1 2 (B) 1

(C) 1 / 2 (D) 2

(06) If three coins are tossed simultaneously, the
probability of getting at least one head is

(A) 1/8 (B) 3/8

(C) (D) 7/8

(07) Consider a company that assembles computers.
The probability of a faulty assembly of any
computer is p. The company therefore subjects
each computer to a testing process. This testing
process gives the correct result for any computer
with a probability of q. What is the probability of
a computer being declared faulty?

(A) pq +(1 p) (1 q) (B) (1 q)p

(C) (1 p)q (D) pq

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

(01) If a randomvariable X satisfies the poissions
distribution with a mean value of 2, then the
probability that X >2 is

(A)
2
2e
(B)
2
1 2e

(C)
2
3e
(D)
2
1 3e

(02) If the difference between the expectation of the
square of a random variable
2
|E(X )| and the
square of the expectation of the randomvariable
2
E(X ) (

is denoted by R, then,

(A) R =0 (B) R <0

(C) R> 0 (D) R >0


(03) The randomvariable X taken on the values 1, 2
(or) 3 with probabilities
2 5 1 3
,
5 5
P P + +
and
1.5 2
5
P +
respectively the values of P and E(X)
are respectively

(A) 0.05, 1.87 (B) 1.90, 5.87

(C) 0.05, 1.10 (D) 0.25, 1.40

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) The standard normal probability function can be
approximated as
F(X
N
) =
( )
0.012
1
1 exp 1.7255 | |
N N
X X +
where
X
N
= standard normal deviate. If mean and
standard deviation of annual precipitation are 102
cmand 27 cmrespectively, the probability that
the annual precipitation will be b/w 90 cmand
102 cmis

(A) 66.7% (B) 50.0%

(C) 33.3% (D) 16.7%

(02) Consider two independent randomvariable X and
Y with identical distributions. The variables X
and Y take values 0,1 and 2 with probability 1/2,
and respectively. What is the conditional
probability P(X +Y =2/X Y =0)?

(A) 0 (B) 1/16

(C) 1/6 (D) 1
(03) A discrete randomvariable X takes value from1
to 5 with probabilities as shown in the table. A
student calculates the mean of X as 3.5 and her
teacher calculates the variance to X as 1.5. Which
of the following statements is true?

K 1 2 3 4 5
P(X =K) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1

(A) Both the student and the teacher are right

(B) Both the student and the teacher are wrong

(C) The student is wrong but the teacher is right

(D) The student is right but the teacher is wrong

(04) A screening test is carried out to detect a certain
disease. It is found that 12% of the positive
reports and 15% of the negative reports are
incorrect. Assuming that the probability of a
person getting positive report is 0.01, the
probability that a person tested gets an incorrect
report is

(A) 0.0027 (B) 0.0173

(C) 0.1497 (D) 0.2100

(05) Consider a finite sequence of random values X =
1 2 3 n
{x ,x ,x ,...........x }. Let
x
be the mean and
x
be the standard deviation of X. Let another

finite sequence Y of equal length be derived from
this .
i i
y a x b = + , where a and b are positive
constants. Let
y
be the mean and
y
be the
standard deviation of this sequence. Which one
of the following statements is incorrect?

(A) Index position of mode of X in X is the same
as the index position of mode of Y in Y.
(B) Index position of median of X i X is the same
as the index position of median of Y in Y.
(C)
y x
a b = +
(D)
y x
a b = +

-----00000-----

5.7 EXPECTION

Question Level 01

(01) If E denotes expectation, the variance of a
randomvariable X is given by

(A)
2 2
( ) ( ) E X E X = (B)
2 2
( ) ( ) E X E X +

(C)
2
( ) E X (D)
2
( ) E X

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T5 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1999]
(01) Suppose that the expectation of a random
variable X is 5, width of the following statement
is true?

(A) There is a sample point at which X has the
value =5

(B) There is a sample point at which X has the
value >5

(C) There is a sample point at which X has a
value > 5

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

(01) An exampaper has 150 multiple choice questions
of 1 mark each, with each question having four
choices. Each incorrect answer fetches 0.25
marks. Suppose 1000 students choose all their
answers randomly with uniformprobability. The
sumtotal of the expected marks obtained by all
the students is

(A) 0 (B) 2550

(C) 7525 (D) 9375

-----00000-----


5.8 SET THEORY

Question Level 03

eE1 / T5 / K8 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE IT 2004]
(01) In a class of 200 students, 125 students have
taken programming language course, 85 students
have taken data structures course, 65 students
have taken computer organization course, 50
students have taken both programming languages
and data structures, 35 students Have taken both
programming languages and computer
organization, 30 students have taken both data
structures and computer organization, 15 students
have taken all the three courses. How many
students have not taken any of the three courses?

(A) 15 (B) 20

(C) 25 (D) 35

-----00000-----


06
N umer i cal M et hods
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE-CS/ ME/EC/EE SYLLABUS

6.1 Clubbed problem

Question Level 01

eE1 / T6 / K / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(01) In the interval [0, ] the equation cos x x = has

(A) No solution

(B) Exactly one solution

(C) Exactly 2 solutions

(D) An infinite number of solutions

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T6 / K / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(01) For solving algebraic and transcendental equation
which one of the following is used?

(A) Coulombs theorem

(B) Newton-Raphson method

(C) Eulers method

(D) Stokes theorem

eE1 / T6 / K / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(02) The polynomial
5
( ) 2 p x x x = + + has

(A) all real roots

(B) 3 real and 2 complex roots

(C) 1 real and 4 complex roots

(D) all complex roots

eE1 / T6 / K / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(03) It is known that two roots of the non-linear
equation
3 2
6 11 6 0 x x x + = are 1 and 3. The
third root will be

(A) j (B) j

(C) 2 (D) 4

-----00000-----


Question Level 03

eE1 / T6 / K / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(01) Match the following and choose the correct
combination

E. Newton
Raphso
n
method
(1) Solving non-linear
equations
F. Runge-Kutta
method
(2) Solving linear
simultaneous
equations
G. Simpsons Rule (3) Solving ordinary
differential
equations
H. Gauss
elimina
tion
(4) Numerical
intergration
method
(5) Interpolation
(A) E 6, F 1, G
5, H
3
(B) E 1, F 6, G 4, H
3
(C) E 1, F 3, G
4, H
2
(D) E 5, F 3, G 4, H
1

eE1 / T6 / K / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(02) Given that one root of the equation
3 2
10 31 30 0 x x x + = is 5 then other roots
arc

(A) 2 and 3 (B) 2 and 4

(C) 3 and 4 (D) 2 and 3

eE1 / T6 / K / L3 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(03) Matching exercise choose the correct one out of
the alternatives A, B, C, D

Group I Group II
P. 2
nd
order
differe
ntial
equatio
ns
(1) Runge
Kutta
method
Q. Non-linear
algebra
ic
equatio
ns
(2) Newton
Raphso
n
method
R. Linear
algebra
ic
equatio
ns
(3) Gauss
Elimin
ation
S. Numerical
integrat
ion
(4) Simpsons
Rule

(A) P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-1 (B) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1

(C) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4 (D) P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-4

eE1 / T6 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(04) Back ward Euler method for solving the
differential equation ( , )
dy
f x y
dx
= is specified
by

(A)
1 ,
( )
n n n n
y y h f x y
+
= +

(B)
1 1 1
( , )
n n n n
y y h f x y
+ + +
= +

(C)
1 1
2 ( , )
n n n n
y y h f x y
+
= +

(D)
1
(1 )
n
y h
+
= +
1 1
( , )
n n
f x y
+ +

TOPIC. 06 NUMERICAL METHODS

eE1 / T6 / K3 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(05) The following equation needs to be numerically
solved using the Newton Raphson method
3
4 9 0. x x + = The iterative equation for this
purpose is ( k indicates the iteration level)

(A)
3
1 2
2 9
3 4
k
k
k
x
x
x
+
+
=
+
(B)
3
1 2
3 9
2 9
k
k
k
x
x
x
+
+
=
+

(C)
2
1
3 4
k k k
x x
+
= + (D)
2
1 2
4 3
9 2
k
k
k
x
x
x
+
+
=
+

-----00000-----

6.2 Newton-Rap son


eE1 / T6 / K4 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(01) The Newton-Raphson method is to be used to
find the root of the equation and '( ) f x is the
derivative of . f the method converges

(A) Always

(B) Only is f is a polynomial

(C) Only if
0
( ) 0 f x <


-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(01) The iteration formula to find the square root of a
positive real number by using the Newton-
Raphson method is

(A)
1
3( )
2
k
k
k
x b
x
x
+
+
= (B)
2
2
1
2
k
k
x b
x
x
+
+
=

(C)
1
1 2
2
k k
k
k
x x
x
x b
+

=
+
(D) None

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(02) Given a >0, we wish to calculate it reciprocal
value
1
a
by using Newton Raphson method for
( ) 0. f x = The Newton-Raphson algorithm for
the function will be

(A)
1
1
2
k k
k
a
x x
x
+
| |
= +
|
\ .
(B)
2
1
2
k k k
a
x x x
+
= +

(C)
2
1
2
k k k
x x ax
+
= (D)
2
1
2
k k k
a
x x x
+
=

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(03) Identify the Newton Raphson iteration scheme
for the finding the square root of 2

(A)
1
1 2
2
n n
n
x x
x
+
| |
= +
|
\ .

(B)
1
1 2
2
n n
n
x x
x
+
| |
=
|
\ .

(C)
1
2
n
n
x
x
+
=

(D)
1
2
n n
x x
+
= +


eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(04) The Newton Raphson iteration
1
1
2
n n
n
R
x x
x
+
| |
= +
|
\ .
can be used to compute the

(A) square or R (B) reciprocal of R

(C) square root of R (D) logarithmof R

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(05) Let
2
117 0. x = The iterative steps for the
solution using Newton Raphsons method
given by

(A)
1
1 117
2
k k
k
x x
x
+
| |
= +
|
\ .

(B)
1
117
k k
k
x x
x
+
=
(C)
1
117
k
k k
x
x x
+
=

(D)
1
1 117
2
k k k
k
x x x
x
+
| |
= +
|
\ .

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(06) Newton-Raphson formula to find the roots of an
equation ( ) 0 f x = is given by

(A)
1 1
( )
( )
n
n n
n
f x
x x
f x
+
=

(B)
1 1
( )
( )
n
n n
n
f x
x x
f x
+
= +

(C)
1 1
( )
( )
n
n
n n
f x
x
x f x
+
=

(D) none of the above
eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(07) The recursion relation to solve
x
x e
= using
Newton Raphson method is

(A)
1
n
x
n
x e
+
=

(B)
1
n
x
n n
x x e
+
=

(C)
1
(1 )
(1 )
n
n
x
n
n x
x e
x
e
+
+
=
+

(D)
2
1
(1 ) 1
n
n
x
n n
n x
n
x e x
x
x e
+
+
=

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(08) The integral
3
1
1
dx
x
}
when evaluated by using
simpsons 1/ 3
rd
rule on two equal sub intervals
each of length 1, equal to

(A) 1.000 (B) 1.008

(C) 1.1111 (D) 1.120

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(01) The formula used to compute an approximation
for the second derivative of a function f at a
point
0
x is

(A)
0 0
( ) ( )
2
f x h f x h + +

(B)
0 0
( ) ( )
2
f x h f x h
h
+


(C)
0 0 0
2
( ) 2 ( ) ( ) f x h f x f x h
h
+ + +

(D)
0 0 0
2
( ) 2 ( ) ( ) f x h f x f x h
h
+ +

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(02) The Newton-Raphson iteration formula for
finding
3
, c where c >0 is ,

(A)
3 3
1 2
2
3
n
n
n
x c
x
x
+
+
= (B)
3 3
1 2
2
3
n
n
n
x c
x
x
+

=

(C)
3
1 2
2
3
n
x
n
x c
x
x
+
+
= (D)
3
1 2
2
3
n
n
n
x c
x
x
+

=

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(03) Starting from
0
1 x = , one step of Newton
Raphson method in solving the equation
3
3 7 0 x x + = gives the next value
1
x as

(A)
1
0.5 x = (B)
1
1.406 x =

(C)
1
1.5 x = (D)
1
2 x =

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(04) The real root of the equation 2
x
xe = is
evaluated using Newton Raphsons method. If
the first approximation of the value of x is
0.8679, the 2
nd
approximation of the value of x
correct to three decimal places is

(A) 0.865 (B) 0.853

(C) 0.849 (D) 0.838

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(05) The equation
3 2
4 4 0 x x x + = is to be solved
using the Newton Raphson method using 2 x =
taken as the initial approximation of the solution
then the next approximation using this method,
will be

(A) 2/3 (B) 4/3

(C) 1 (D) 3/2

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE ]
(06) Equation 1 0
x
e = is required to be solved
using Newtons method with an initial guess
0
1. x = Then after one step of Newtons
method estimate
1
x of the solution will be given
by

(A) 0.71828 (B) 0.36784

(C) 0.20587 (D) 0.0000

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(07) Newton Raphson method is used to compute a
root of the equation
2
13 0 x = with 3.5 as the
initial value. The approximation after one
iteration is

(A) 3.575 (B) 3.677

(C) 3.667 (D) 3.607


eE1 / T6 / K4 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(08) The square root of a number N is to be obtained
by applying the Newton Raphson iteration to
the equation
2
0. x N = If i denotes the
iteration index, the correct iterative scheme will
be

(A)
1
1
2
i i
i
N
x x
x
+
(
= +
(

(B)
2
1 2
1
2
i i
i
N
x x
x
+
(
= +
(

(C)
2
1
1
2
i i
i
N
x x
x
+
(
= +
(

(D)
1 1
( )
( )
n n
n
n
x f x
x
f x
+
=

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(01) A numerical solution of the equation
( ) 3 0 f x x x = + = can be obtained using
Newton Raphson method. If the starting value
is x =2 for the iteration then the value of x that is
to be used in the next step is

(A) 0.306 (B) 0.739

(C) 1.694 (D) 2.306

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(02) Solution, the variable
1 2
x and x for the following
equations is to be obtained by employing the
Newton Raphson iteration method
Equation (i)
2 1
10 sin 0.8 0 x x =

2
2 2 1
10 10 cos 0.6 0 x x x =
Assuming the initial values
1
0.0 x = and
2
1.0 x = the J acobian matrix is

(A)
10 0.8
0 0.6
(
(

(B)
10 0
0 10
(
(

(C)
0 0.8
10 0.6
(
(

(D)
10 0
10 10
(
(

eE1 / T6 / K4 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(03) Give a >0, we wish to calculate its reciprocal
value
1
a
by using Newton Raphson method for
( ) f x =0. For 7 a = and starting with
0
0.2 x =
the first two iteration will be

(A) 0.11, 0.1299 (B) 0.12, 0.1392

(C) 0.12, 0.1416 (D) 0.13, 0.1428

-----00000-----


6.3 Differential


eE1 / T6 / K5 / L0 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(01) During the numerical solution of a first order
differential equation using the Euler (also known
as Euler Cauchy) method with step size h, the
local truncation error is of the order of

(A)
2
h (B)
3
h

(C)
4
h (D)
5
h

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T6 / K5 / L2 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(01) Consider a differential equation
( )
( )
dy x
y x x
dx
= with initial condition
(0) 0. y = Using Eulers first order method with
a step size of 0.1 then the value of y(0.3) is

(A) 0.01 (B) 0.031

(C) 0.0631 (D) 0.1

-----00000-----

6.4 Integration


eE1 / T6 / K6 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(01) The trapezoidal rule for integration give exact
result when the integrand is a polynomial of
degree

(A) but not 1 (B) 1 but not 0

(C) 0 (or) 1 (D)2

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T6 / K6 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(01) The Newton Raphson method is used to find
the root of the equation
2
2. x if the iterations
are started from 1, then the iteration will

(A) Converge to 1 (B) Converge to 2

(C) Converge to 2 (D) not converge

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T6 / K6 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ]
(01) The following algorithmcomputes the integral J
= ( )
b
a
f x dx
}
fromthe given values ( )
j j
f f x =
at equidistant points
0 1 0
, , x a x x h = = +
2 0
2 , x x h = +
2 0
......... 2
m
x x mh b = + =
Compute
0 0 2m
S f f = +

1 1 3 2 1
......
m
S f f f

= + + +
2 2 4 2 2
.........
m
S f f f

= + + +
J = | |
0 1 2
4( ) 2( )
3
h
S S S + +

The rule of numerical integration, which uses the
above algorithm is

(A) Rectangle rule (B) Trapezoidal rule

(C) Four point rule (D) Simpsons rule

-----00000-----


07
Tr ansfor m Theor y
Complete subtopic in this chapter, is in the scope of GATE- EC/EE SYLLABUS


(01) The Laplace transformof f(t) is F(s). Given F(s)
=
2 2
,
s
e
+e
the final value of f(t) is ________.

(A) Initially (B) Zero

(C) One (D) None

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE ]
(02) Let Y(s) be the laplace transformof function y(t),
then the final value of the function is

(A)
0
( )
s
LimY s
(B) ( )
s
LimY s

(C)
0
( )
s
LimsY s
(D) ( )
s
LimsY s

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(03) If L denotes the Laplace transformof a function.
L{sin at} will be equal to

(A)
2 2
a
s a
(B)
2 2
a
s a +

(C)
2 2
s
s a +
(D)
2 2
s
s a

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE 2004]
(04) A delayed unit step function is defined as
( ) u t a =
Its Laplace transformis __________ .

(A) a
as
e
(B) /
as
e s

(C) /
as
e s (D) /
as
e a

(05) Consider the function f(t) having Laplace
transformF(s) =
0
2 2
0
,
s
e
+e
Re(s) >0. The final
value of f(t) would be _________

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 1 ( ) 1 f s s (D)


eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 2007]
(06) If F(s) is the Laplace transformof the function
f(t) than Laplace transformof
0
( )
t
f t dx
}
is

(A)
1
( ) F s
s
(B)
1
( ) (0) F s f
s

(C) ( ) (0) sF s f (D) ( ) F s ds
}

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE 2008]
(07) Laplace transformof
3
8t is

(A)
4
8
s
(B)
4
16
s

(C)
4
24
s
(D)
4
48
s

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AA [GATE 2008]
(08) Laplace transformof sin ht is

(A)
2
1
1 s
(B)
2
1
1 s

(C)
2
1
s
s
(D)
2
1
s
s

(09) If L
{ } ( ) f t =
2 2
w
s w +
then the value of
( )
t
Lim f t
= ________.

(A) can not be determined (B) Zero

(C) unity (D) Infinite

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L0 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 2010]
(10) u(t) represents the unit function. The Laplace
transformof ( ) u t is

(A)
1
s
(B)
1
s

(C)
s
e
s
(D)
s
e

-----00000-----

Question Level 01

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / A [GATE IN 1995]
(01) Find L { cos
at
e t e } when L{ cos t e } =
2 2
s
s +e

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(02)
2
( 1) s

+ is the Laplace transformof

(A)
2
t (B)
3
t

(C)
2t
e
(D)
t
te

\

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AB [GATE ]
(03) If L{f(t)} =
2
2
,
1
s
s
+
+

2
1
{ ( )}
( 3)( 2)
s
L g t
s s
+
=
+ +
,
h(t)=
0
( ) ( )
t
f T g t T dT
}

Then { ( )} L h t is ___________

(A)
2
1
3
s
s
+
+
(B)
1
3 s +

(C)
2
2
1 2
( 3)( 2) 1
s s
s s s
+ +
+
+ + +
(D) None

TOPIC. 07 TRANSFORM THEORY

(04) The Dirac delta Function ( ) t o is defined as

(A)
1, 0
( )
0,
t
t
other wise
=
o =

(B)
, 0
( )
0,
t
t
other wise
=
o =

(C)
1, 0
( ) ( ) 1
0,
t
t and t dt
other wise
=
o = o =
}

(D)
, 0
( ) ( ) 1
0,
t
t and t dt
other wise
=
o = o =
}

(05) The inverse Laplace transformof the function
5
( 1)( 3)
s
s s
+
+ +
is _______

(A)
3
2
t t
e e

(B)
3
2
t t
e e

+

(C)
3
2
t t
e e

(D)
3
2
t t
e e

+

(06) If { ( )} ( ) L f t F s = then { ( )} L f t T is equal to

(A) ( )
sT
e F s (B) ( )
sT
e F s

(C)
( )
1
sT
F s
e
(D)
( )
1
sT
F s
e

(07) The Laplace transformof cos
t
e t is equal to
________

(A)
2 2
( )
s
s
+
(B)
2 2
( )
s
s
+
+ +

(C)
2
1
( ) s
(D) None
eE1 / T7 / K2 / L1 / V1 / R11 / AC [GATE 2009]
(08) The inverse Laplace transformof
2
1
( ) s s +
is

(A) 1
t
e + (B) 1
t
e

(C) 1
t
e
(D) 1
t
e
+

-----00000-----

Question Level 02

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE 1994]
(01) If f(t) is a finite and continuous Function for
0 t > the Laplace transformation is given by
F =
0
( ),
st
e f t

}
then for ( ) cos , f t h mt = the
Laplace Transformation is _____________

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 1999]
(02) The Laplace transformof the function
( ) , 0 . f t k t c = < <
(A) ( / )
sc
k s e
(B) ( / )
sc
k s e

(C)
sc
k e
(D) ( / )(1 )
sc
k s e

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 1999]
(03) Laplace transformof
2
( ) a bt + where a and b
are constants is given by:

(A)
2
( ) a bs +

(B)
2
1/ ( ) a bs +

(C)
2 2 2 3
( / ) (2 / ) (2 / ) a s ab s b s + +

(D)
2 2 2 3
( / ) (2 / ) ( / ) a s ab s b s + +


eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 2001]
(04) The inverse Laplace transforms of
2
1/ ( 2 ) s s + is

(A)
2
(1 )
t
e
(B)
2
(1 )/ 2
t
e
+
+

(C)
2
(1 )/ 2
t
e
+
(D)
2
(1 )/ 2
t
e

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AC [GATE 2002]
(05) The Laplace transformof the following function
is

sin 0
( )
0
t for t
f t
for t
s s
=

>

(A)
2
1 (1 ) s + + for all x >0

(B)
2
1/ (1 ) s + for all s <

(C)
2
(1 )/ (1 )
s
e s
+ + for all s >0

(D)
2
/ (1 )
s
e s
+ for all s >0

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE EE 2002]
(06) Using Laplace transforms, solve
2 2
( / ) 4 12 d y dt y t + =

(07) The Laplace transformof i(t) is given by I(s) =
2
(1 ) s s +
As , t the value of i(t) tends to
____ .

(A) 0 (B) 1

(C) 2 (D)
eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2005]
(08) The Laplace transformof a function f(t) is F(s) =
2
2
5 23 6
.
( 2 2)
s s
s s s
+ +
+ +
As t , f(t) approaches

(A) 3 (B) 5

(C) 17/2 (D)

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE 2010]
(09) Given f(t) =
1
3 2
3 1
.
4 ( 3)
s
L
s s k s
( +
(
+ +

If
( )
t
Lt f t
=1 then value of k is

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2009]
(10) Laplace transformof f(x) =cos h(ax) is

(A)
2 2
a
s a
(B)
2 2
s
s a

(C)
2 2
a
s a +
(D)
2 2
s
s a +

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2009]
(11) Given that F(s) is the one-sided Laplace
transform of f(t), the Laplace transform of
0
( )
t
f d
}
is

(A) ( ) (0) sF s f (B)
1
( ) F s
s

(C)
0
( )
s
f d
}
(D)
1
[ ( ) (0)] F s f
s

TOPIC. 07 TRANSFORM THEORY

(12) In what range should Re(s) remain so that the
laplace transformof the function
( 2) 5 a t
e
+ +
exists?

(A) Re(s) >a +2 (B) Re (s) >a +7

(C) Re (s) <2 (D) Re (s) >a +5

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AB [GATE 2011]
(13) If F(s) =L{f(t)} =
2
2( 1)
4 7
s
s s
+
+ +
then the initial
and final values of f(t) are respectively

(A) 0,2 (B) 2, 0

(C) 0,
2
7
(D)
2
,0
7

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L2 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 1998]
(14) The Laplace Transformof a unit step function
( ),
a
u t defined as
( ) 0
a
u t = for t <a is
=1 for t >a,

(A) /
as
e s
(B)
as
se

(C) (0) s u (D) 1
as
se

-----00000-----

Question Level 03

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE 1993]
(01) The Laplace transformof the periodic function
f(t) described by the curve below i.e. (Gate
1993)

sin , (2 1) 2 ( 1,2,3,..)
( )
0
t if n t n n
f t
other wise
< < =
=

(02) The inverse Laplace transform of
2
( 9)/ ( 6 13) s s s + + + is

(A) cos2 9sin2 t t +

(B)
3 3
cos2 3 sin2
t t
e t e t

(C)
3 3
sin2 3 cos2
t t
e t e t

+

(D)
3 3
cos2 3 sin2
t t
e t e t

+

(03) If L{f(t)} =
2
2( 1)
2
s
s s s
+
+ +
then f(0
+
) and f() are
given by _______

(A) 0, 2 respectively (B) 2, 0 respectively
(C) 0, 1 respectively (D)
2
5
, 0 respectively

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE 1996]
(04) Using Laplace Transform, solve the initial value
problem
11 1
9 6 0 y y y + = (0) 3 y = and
1
(0) 1, y = where prime denotes derivative with
respect to t.

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / A [GATE ME 1997]
(05) Solve the initial value problem
2
2
4 3 0
d y dy
y
dx dx
+ = with y =3 and 7
dy
dt
= at
0 x =


(06) The laplace transform of
2
( 2) ( 1) t t u t is
________ .

(A)
3 2
2 2
s s
e e
s s

(B)
2
3 2
2 2
s s
e e
s s

(C)
3
2 2
s s
e e
s s

(D) None

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AD [GATE ]
(07) Let F(s) =[f(t)] denote the Laplace transformof
the function f(t). Which of the following
statements is correct?

(A) [ / ] 1/ ( ); df dt s F s =
{ }
0
( (
t
f d
}

= sF(s) f(0)
(B) [ / ] df dt =sF(s) F(0).
{ }
0
( )
t
f d
}

(C) [ / ] df dt =s F(s) F(0);

{ }
0
( ) ( )
t
f d F s a =
}

(D) [ / ] df dt =s F(s) F(0);

{ }
0
( ) 1/ ( )
t
f d s F s =
}

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2005]
(08) Laplace transformof f(t) =cos( ) pt q + is

(A)
2 2
cos sin s q p q
s p
+
(B)
2 2
cos sin s q p q
s p
+
+

(C)
2 2
sin cos s q p q
s p
+
(D)
2 2
sin cos s q p q
s p
+
+

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2010]
(09) The Laplace transformof f(t) is
2
1
.
( 1) s s +
The
function

(A) 1
t
t e
+ (B) 1
t
t e
+ +

(C) 1
t
e
+ (D) 2
t
t e +

eE1 / T7 / K2 / L3 / V2 / R11 / AA [GATE 2011]
(10) Given two continuous time signals x(t) =
t
e
and
y(t) =
2t
e
which exists for t > 0 then the

convolution z(t) =f(t) * y(t) is ___________ .

(A)
2 t t
e e

(B)
2t
e

(C)
t
e
(D)
3 t t
e e

+

------THE END ------

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ENGINEERING

, the curve is _________

where m is an integer, is one of the

, the divergence theorem

over the path

for x >0 is equal to

the linear approximation

= is a solution of the differential equation

> The probability

0 . t s s The probability that its value lies b/w

Then P(x >

+ + for all s >0

+ for all s >0

which exists for t > 0 then the

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