EXERCISE

Answer all the following questions.

5.1

1. Which of the following example is involved in a chemical change ? A B C D Combustion of petrol in a car Evaporation of water on a hot day Sublimation of iodine crystals to iodine vapour Crystallisation of a salt from a saturated salt solution

2. Which of the following is incorrect difference between physical and chemical changes? Physical changes A B C D Irreversible process Do not form new substance Only alter physically Do not involve chemical reactions Chemical changes Reversible process Form new substance Alter physically and chemically Involve chemical reactions

3. Which of the following is a physical change? A B C D Photosynthesis Melting of ice Reaction of metal with oxygen Heating of zinc carbonate

4. Diagram shows the burning of magnesium strip.

magnesium strip

crucible

Diagram

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What type of change is this? A B C D Colour change Rate of change Physical change Chemical change

5. The following information shows two types of reactions Reaction Y : Magnesium + oxygen Reaction Z : Liquid alcohol magnesium oxide alcohol vapour

Which of the following is true about reaction Y and Z? Reaction Y A B C D Irreversible No new substance is formed Little energy is required No change in chemical properties Reversible New substances is formed A lot of energy is required Changes in chemical properties occur Reaction Z

6. When the iodine is heated, a purple _____________________ is formed. 7. Iodine changes from solid to _________________ without going through the liquid state (sublimation). 8. Iron nails rust when ______________ and water are present. 9. Rust is a brown substance consists of iron ________. 10. The magnesium ribbon burns with a bright flame and produce _____________ ash.

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EXERCISE 5.2 Answer all the following questions. 1. Which of the following involves an exothermic reaction? A. B. C. D. 2. Photosynthesis Rusting of iron Dissolving salt in water Combustion of petrol in a motor engine

Study the following word equation. Yeast Pineapple juice Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

What type of reaction is shown in the above word equation? A. B. C. D. endothermic exothermic neutralization oxidation

3.

A colourless gas is released when a piece of magnesium ribbon reacts with sulphuric acid as shown in the Figure 1 below.

Magnesium ribbon

pita magnesium

Sulphuric acid

Figure 1 Which of the following is used to test the gas? A. B. C. D. lime water glowing wooden splinter burning wooden splinter moist litmus paper

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4.

The diagram below shows the reaction between zinc and sulphuric acid. Bubbles of a colourless gas is observed during the experiment and tested using a burning splinter.

Burning splinter

Dilute sulphuric acid

zinc
Figure 2

What is the gas released in the reaction? A. B. C. D. 5. Carbon dioxide Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen

Choose the correct statement from the following comparison between the endothermic reaction and exothermic reaction. Endothermic reaction A. B. C. D. Releases heat to the environment Increases the temperature of the environment Involves the breaking of particle bondings Absorbs heat from the environment Exothermic reaction Absorbs heat from the environment Decreases the temperature of the environment Does not involves the breaking of particle bondings Releases heat to the environment

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6.

The table below shows the data obtained when a student added sodium hydroxide in distilled water. Substance Distilled water Distilled water with dissolved sodium hydroxide Rise in temperature What is the type of reaction? A. B. C. D. Oxidation Exothermic Endothermic Neutralisation Temperature ( 0 C ) 28 31 3

8.
Carbon dioxide

sunlight

chlorophyll X + water Y + Oxygen

Figure 3 Figure 3 shows the process of photosynthesis. What are substances X and Y that involve in the process? A B C D Substance X water oxygen carbon dioxide water Substance Y hydrogen water glucose starch

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9.

When dry ice is left in the open, it changes straight into gaseous carbon dioxide. The dry ice is said to have undergone the process of A B C D sublimation melting condensation evaporation

10.

Figure 4 The reaction as shown in Figure 4 is known as A. B. C. D. exothermic endothermic neutralization synthesizing reaction.

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Exercise 5.3 1. Diagram 1 shows the arrangement of apparatus to study the reaction of metal with water.

Diagram 1 Gas X can be determine by using A B C D 2. lime water burning wooden splinter glowing wooden splinter moist litmus paper

The diagram shows the reaction of calcium with water.

Gas released

Water Calcium pellets Predict what happen when three pellets of calcium are added to the water. I II III A. B. C. D. The solution produced turns red litmus into blue The calcium pellets burned with a brick-red flame The gas released gives a pop sound when tested with a lighted splint I only I and III only II and III only I, II and III

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3.

The diagram shows the reaction of magnesium with acid. Gas X

Dilute sulphuric acid Magnesium ribbon

What is gas X ? A. B. C. D. Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide

4.

Which of the following will oxidise faster than iron when react with oxygen ? A. B C D. Copper Lead Silver Magnesium

5.

The diagram shows the heating process of iron oxide with substance X.

Iron oxide + substance X Asbestos paper Heat

The reaction will happen when substance X is, A B C D carbon copper tin silver

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6.

The diagram shows the arrangement of apparatus to study the reaction of metal oxide X with carbon.

Which of the following metal oxides will show the most active reaction ? A B C D 7. Iron oxide Aluminium oxide Magnesium oxide Lead (II) oxide

The diagram shows the apparatus used to study the reaction of magnesium, iron and copper with oxygen. Glass wool copper magnesium Iron

Potassium manganate(VII)

heated

heated

Which of the following observation are true?

Metal I II III A. B. C. D. I only I and II only II and III only I, II and III Magnesium Iron Copper

Observation Burns brightly with a white flame Moderately reactive, glows brightly Most reactive, burns brightly

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8.

Various mixtures of metals and their oxides were heated together.

P oxide + Q Q oxide + P R oxide + S no reaction P oxide + R no reaction

The correct order of reactivity of the metals (starting with the least reactive) is A. B. C. D. P, S, Q, S, Q, R, S R, Q, P P, R, S R, P, Q

8.

Which of these oxides can be extracted using carbon ? A. B. C. D. Lead (II) oxide Calcium oxide Magnesium oxide Aluminium oxide

9.

Carbon is placed between aluminium and zinc in the reactivity series. Which metal oxide can be reduced by carbon ? A. B. C. D. Sodium Calcium Aluminium Lead

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Exercise 5.6 1. Energy change that occurs in an electrochemical cell is A. chemical energy to light energy B. light energy to chemical energy C. chemical energy to electrical energy D. electrical energy to chemical energy 2. What is the use of manganese oxide in a dry cell? A Acts as cathode B As an electrolyte C Speeds up the chemical reactions that produce electrical energy. D Removes hydrogen gas which can cause polarization at the positive terminal. 3. Which of the following chemical cells is an example of a secondary cell? A alkaline cell B dry cell C silver-oxide mercury cell D nickel-cadmium cell 4. Which of the following statements is true about the chemical cell concerned? I An alkaline cell can last longer compared to a dry cell. II The advantage of a mercury cell is that it is small in size. III A nickel-cadmium cell can be recharged A I only B I and II only C II and III only D I, II and III

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Copper plate (+)

Zinc plate (-) Dilute sulphuric acid

Figure 1 5. Figure 1 shows a simple cell. Among the following statements, which is not true about the above reaction when the switch is turned on? A Dilute sulphuric acid acts as an electrolyte B The zinc plate becomes thinner C Gas bubbles are produced on the copper plate D Electrons flow from the copper plate to the zinc plate through the outside circuit. 6. After the lead acid accumulator has functioned for a while, what change(s) can be observed? I the acid becomes less concentrated. II The formation of white precipitate. III The positive electrode becomes thinner. A I only. B I and II only. C II and III only. D I, II and III. 7. Which statement is correct about dry cell? A. It is rechargeable B. It is light and portable C. It provides high voltage D. It provides steady current 8. Which of the following cell is rechargeable? A. dry cell B. alkaline cell C. nickel cadmium cell D. silver oxide- mercury oxide 9. In the simple cell, the less reactive metal will act as A. anode B. anion C. cation D. cathode 42

Exercise 5.7 A. 1. Photosensitive Chemicals Give three examples of photosensitive chemicals i. .. ii. ... iii. .. 2. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. a) b) c) Some chemicals are ............... to light energy The chemicals will ................ when exposed to light. Two examples of photosensitive chemicals are ................. .................. and ........................ . d) e) These chemicals cannot be .................. in a glass bottle. In the presence of ......................... hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide .. + ..

f) g) h) i)

Silver chloride decomposes into ........................... and .......................... Silver chloride ...................... + ...............................

The chemicals are stored in an ..................... glass bottle.

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B. Photosynthesis
Gas X Carbon dioxide Sunlight

The diagram shows photosynthesis occurring in green leaf. (a) Give the name of the green pigment that absorbs light energy. (b) State the use of light energy. (c) What is gas X? (d) Name the product of photosynthesis other than gas X. (e) Write a word equation for the process of photosynthesis.

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C. Photographic paper 4. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

(a)

Photographic paper is coated with ......................... .. .

(b)

When ............... falls on the paper, the silver bromide decomposes into ....................................... and .....................................

(c)

The formation of ......................... atoms on the photographic paper causes................ areas on the paper.

sunlight (d) Silver bromide --------------------- + .

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