2.0 Content Development Corporate generally have to meet ethical, legal, commercial and public expectations (Nestle, 2009).

That is what expected of the business world today. This is known as the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).However, business with short-term goal will rarely practice it (CSR) since practicing it does not bring any benefit. On the contrary, the practice of CSR is an important consideration for long-term investment as it can help generate more profit in the future. In this report, Nestle would be one of the good examples to illustrate those concepts. Nestle is one of the worlds largest food and beverage company (Nestle., 2009). They believe that by creating value for the shareholder and the public, they will have long-term sustainability (Nestle, 2009). Nestle worked hard to ensure that both employees and employers welfare but some news has proven that Nestle has done something, which is against their principal for example human right. Firstly, Nestle abused child labour in their supplier palm oil farm (Whitehead, 2005).Most of the children was kidnapped and became slaves for RM 0.30 while working to the plantation. More than 60% of those children are below 14 and ask to take part in dangerous palm oil farming task (Background Document on Child Labour, 2012; Cray, 2010). An example for the ill-treat child labour and are forced to work 12 to 14 hours a day with no pay, little food and sleep, and frequent beatings. Nestle have sign an agreement that against the using of child labour and hang beautiful CSR certificate on their wall (Hansen, 2010) but the news have prove nestle are doing something against their social responsibility they have agree initially. Secondly, Nestle have used expression to squeezing labours wages. For example, Nestles supplier set a high quota that its workers had to achieve in order to get paid, for this reason therefore the labours want to maintain their income level, labours have

brought in their family including their children in order to meet the quota set (Ismail, 2013). Those unfair treatment incidents are totally against nestle principal. 3.0 NESTLES SUPPLIER CHILD SLAVERY IN PALM OIL FARM Nestl faced huge criticism for purchasing palm oil from the Malaysia suppliers, which may have been produced using child slaves (Background Document on Child Labour, 2012; Cray, 2010; Ismail, 2013). Most of the children who work in palm oil farms are ranged between 12 to 14 years old, and are forced to work 80 to 100 hours each week while they are not paid fairly, barely fed and beaten regularly ( Accenture for Humanity United,n.d.). Child labour can be defined as the employment of children under the age of 18 years, it is considered by many people as the exploitation of children, and it is also considered to violate universal schooling and children rights (Kileta, 2010). Children perform duties in factories, agriculture, domestic work, tourist guides, businesses and restaurants as waiters, extreme forms of child labour include child soldiers, trafficking and child prostitution (Michael and Sandy, 1999). There however exist other forms of constructive forms of child labour is evident where we have children who are actors or singers. In developing countries children work in order to earn money to support their families, however in developed countries children work in order to be financially independent from their parents, in developing countries the major push factor to child labour is poverty, this may occur where adults who are parents and labourers do not earn enough to support their families and as a result they end up sending their children to work other than go to school (Kileta, 2010). The consequential theories states that an action is morally right if the actions themselves have an outcome that is beneficial, there are three consequential theories and they include the utilitarian theory, Altruism theory and the egoism theory (Shelly, 1998). The utilitarian theory states that an action is right if the outcome of the action is beneficial to

everyone, the egoism theory states that morally right actions are those whose outcome maximises benefits to the person performing them. And finally the Altruism theory states that an action is considered morally right if the outcome of the action is favourable to every person except the person performing the action. According to utilitarian theory child labour is morally wrong in that it does not beneficial to everyone, the children suffer and in some cases they are not paid, further these children should be attending school or performing school related duties other than working, there is a need to educate and train these children in order to prepare them for the job market and employing them before they complete their education will mean that this is violating their rights (Shelly, 1998). Nestle palm oil farm where according to the reporters there was beating of children in the industry and further children were not paid for their work, child labour, the Nestle take advantage on children because children are not aware of their rights they are forced to undertake hard work. Nestle prefer to employ children working on palm oil farms because they provide cheap labour and also they are easy to control, children are also seen to be more obedient than adults, they therefore employ the children for the purpose of cutting down costs and also because the children are easy to control than the adults because adults are related with initiatives which include protests and formation of trade union. The employers benefit in this case and this is in line with the Altruism theory states that an action is considered morally right if the outcome of the action is favourable to every person except the person performing the action (Shelly, 1998). The egoism theory which states that morally right actions are those whose outcome maximises benefits to the person performing them supports child labour go working (Mackie, 1997), this is because the children achieve financial dependence from their parents and also

have a chance to earn money to achieve what they like than bother their children, the egoistic theory therefore supports child labour go working, where the child benefits and also the parents whose financial burden is reduced, where children work to support their family it is morally right to engage children in such employment opportunities but it must be noted that child labour should not violate their rights to education and also overworking them (Hare, 1990). Company set a high quota that its workers had to achieve in order to get paid, for this reason therefore the workers working in the palm oil farm brought in their family including their children in order to meet the quota set, a critical view of this situation in accordance with the Consequential theories it is clear that the labourers followed the rules set by the Nestle company and their only option to meet these set rules was to bring in their children, therefore child labour here is justified by this theory where parents feared losing their job and the action to involve children would benefit the family and the company at the same time (Ismail, 2013). Deontological theories which is also referred to as the duty theory, they state that when making decisions about actions one has to consider the duties and the rights of the others, these theories include the Contractarianism theory, natural rights theory and the categorical imperative theory (Shelly, 1998). The natural right theory states that human beings have natural rights that should be followed when undertaking actions and The Contractarianism theory states that morally right actions are those that we would accept if we were unbiased (Mackie, 1997). According to this theory Nestle involvement of children at work is wrong (Mackie, 197), one because it endangers the children both physically and mentally, in a case where children are trafficked and used as prostitutes and as soldiers this violates the laws of nature,

children are supposed to go to school and receive necessary training in order to prepare them to become employees, in contrast child labour has turned the children into sexual harassment where they are turned into prostitutes violating natural laws (Hare, 1991). Child labour according to the Deontological theories violates the natural laws of nature, this is because children are yet to be adults where the children are young and do not know their rights (Hare, 1991), involving them at work places will result into the violation of their rights because most employers tend to exploit them by forcing them to undertake hard work and even not pay them, they further know that children are easy to control than adults and that children will obey, the adult workers know their rights and will not be exploited and they will organise demonstration and even form trade unions that fight for their rights (Jonathan,1994). In conclusion, many businesses are interested in making money, and that is the bottom line or in other words they just want to be in business; on the other hand there are many businesses that making money does not mean everything to them, but doing the right thing and having responsibility and commitment toward society have far more importance. Nestle has to effort in practicing ethical principles in all company levels and need to change its long term strategy and pay attention to what is right and wrong. Firstly, Nestle need to stop using child labor. Although it is costly but if nestle do not change on it, the cost toward company will be unlimited in the future (e.g. ruined the company image). Also, ensure all their business partners and suppliers follow the human right policy, honest report on what they have done and encourage them to develop the same standard of responsibility and action

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