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Synthesis and dispersion of copper nanoparticles in lubricant oils

Seung Dueg Choi , Jong-Il Park , Eon Byeong Park , Young Joo Leea, Chul Choib a New Materials & Components ResearchDivision, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Nam-Gu, Pohang 790-330, Korea. b Advanced Materials Research Group, Korea Electric Power Research Institute, 103-16 Munji-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea Noble metal nanoparticles have been recognized as useful materials like conductive ink in electronics. These nanoparticles have been developed by various physical and chemical methods during a quarter of a century.[1-5] Among those approaches to form nanoparticles from the vapor phase, plasma processing is a promising and viable way due to the unique fluid dynamic, thermodynamic and chemical features of the plasmas.[5] In particular, the cleanness, large volume and high energy density of thermal plasmas allow to introduce lots of bulk metals with cheaper prices to prepare desired types of nanoparticles. Especially, the nanofluid containing nanoparticles exhibits superior thermal properties relative to conventional heat transfer fluids and fluids containing micrometer-sized particles due to their extremely large total surface areas. Therefore, the nanofluid refers to a new kind of heat transfer fluids by suspending nanoscaled metallic or nonmetallic particles in conventional heat transfer fluids.[6,7] In this paper, we report a novel approach to control the size of copper nanoparticles synthesized in a transferred arc plasma and to prepare the nanofluid containing the copper nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles have been synthesized in a transferred arc plasma by controlling the various processing parameters. The structure, size distribution, phase composition of the nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Copper nanoparticles dispersed in lubricant oils by bead mill process showed a good stability over a week. Lubricants containing copper nanoparticles revealed an enhanced friction
a a a

properties and thermal conductivity.


Gas circulation

Filter

Reaction Chamber Cyclone

Fig. 1. A schematic illustration showing the experimental setup


(a)

Cu nanofluid
0.04

(b)
Friction Coefficient 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 500
Base Oi l(S upergear E P220) Base Oi l with Cu NPS

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Normal Load[N]

Fig. 2. (a) the Cu nanofluids and (b) variation of

friction coefficient vs. normal load.


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