Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
PATIENT S SOURCEBOOK
on
J AMES N. PARKER, M.D.
AND PHI LI P M. PARKER, PH.D., EDI TORS
ii
ICON HeaIh PubIicaions
ICON Croup InernaionaI, Inc.
437O La ]oIIa ViIIage Drive, 4h IIoor
San Diego, CA 92122 \SA
Copyrigh 2OO2 by ICON Croup InernaionaI, Inc.
Copyrigh 2OO2 by ICON Croup InernaionaI, Inc. AII righs reserved. This book is proeced by copyrigh. No par oI i
may be reproduced, sored in a rerievaI sysem, or ransmied in any Iorm or by any means, eIecronic, mechanicaI,
phoocopying, recording or ohervise, vihou vrien permission Irom he pubIisher.
Prined in he \nied Saes oI America.
Las digi indicaes prin number: 1O 9 8 7 4 5 3 2 1
PubIisher, HeaIh Care: TiIIany LaRocheIIe
dior(s): ]ames Parker, M.D., PhiIip Parker, Ph.D.
PubIIsher s note: The Ideas, procedures, and suggestIons contaIned In thIs book are not Intended as a substItute Ior
consuItatIon vIth your physIcIan. AII matters regardIng your heaIth requIre medIcaI supervIsIon. As nev medicaI or
scieniIic inIormaion becomes avaiIabIe Irom academic and cIinicaI research, recommended reamens and drug herapies
may undergo changes. The auhors, ediors, and pubIisher have aemped o make he inIormaion in his book up o dae
and accurae in accord vih acceped sandards a he ime oI pubIicaion. The auhors, ediors, and pubIisher are no
responsibIe Ior errors or omissions or Ior consequences Irom appIicaion oI he book, and make no varrany, expressed or
impIied, in regard o he conens oI his book. Any pracice described in his book shouId be appIied by he reader in
accordance vih proIessionaI sandards oI care used in regard o he unique circumsances ha may appIy in each siuaion,
in cIose consuIaion vih a quaIiIied physician. The reader is advised o aIvays check produc inIormaion (package insers)
Ior changes and nev inIormaion regarding dose and conraindicaions beIore aking any drug or pharmacoIogicaI produc.
Cauion is especiaIIy urged vhen using nev or inIrequenIy ordered drugs, herbaI remedies, viamins and suppIemens,
aIernaive herapies, compIemenary herapies and medicines, and inegraive medicaI reamens.
CataIogIngInPubIIcatIon ata
Parker, ]ames N., 191
Parker, PhiIip M., 19O
The OIIiciaI Paien s Sourcebook on he Common CoId: A Revised and \pdaed Direcory Ior he Inerne
Age]ames N. Parker and PhiIip M. Parker, ediors
p. cm.
IncIudes bibIiographicaI reIerences, gIossary and index.
ISBN: O59782981O
1. he Common CoIdPopuIar vorks. I. TiIe.
iii
IscIaImer
This pubIicaion is no inended o be used Ior he diagnosis or reamen oI a heaIh
probIem or as a subsiue Ior consuIaion vih Iicensed medicaI proIessionaIs. I is soId
vih he undersanding ha he pubIisher, ediors, and auhors are no engaging in he
rendering oI medicaI, psychoIogicaI, IinanciaI, IegaI, or oher proIessionaI services.
ReIerences o any eniy, produc, service, or source oI inIormaion ha may be conained in
his pubIicaion shouId no be considered an endorsemen, eiher direc or impIied, by he
pubIisher, ediors or auhors. ICON Croup InernaionaI, Inc., he ediors, or he auhors are
no responsibIe Ior he conen oI any Web pages nor pubIicaions reIerenced in his
pubIicaion.
CopyrIght MotIce
II a physician vishes o copy Iimied passages Irom his sourcebook Ior paien use, his
righ is auomaicaIIy graned vihou vrien permission Irom ICON Croup InernaionaI,
Inc. (ICON Croup). Hovever, aII oI ICON Croup pubIicaions are copyrighed. Wih
excepion o he above, copying our pubIicaions in vhoIe or in par, Ior vhaever reason, is
a vioIaion oI copyrigh Iavs and can Iead o penaIies and Iines. ShouId you van o copy
abIes, graphs or oher maeriaIs, pIease conac us o reques permission (emaiI:
iconediCsan.rr.com). ICON Croup oIen grans permission Ior very Iimied reproducion oI
our pubIicaions Ior inernaI use, press reIeases, and academic research. Such reproducion
requires conIirmed permission Irom ICON Croup InernaionaI Inc. The dIscIaImer above
must accompany aII reproductIons, In vhoIe or In part, oI thIs sourcebook.
iv
edIcatIon
To he heaIhcare proIessionaIs dedicaing heir ime and eIIors o he sudy oI he common
coId.
AcknovIedgements
The coIIecive knovIedge generaed Irom academic and appIied research summarized in
various reIerences has been criicaI in he creaion oI his sourcebook vhich is bes vieved
as a comprehensive compiIaion and coIIecion oI inIormaion prepared by various oIIiciaI
agencies vhich direcIy or indirecIy are dedicaed o he common coId. AII oI he
- - drav Irom various agencies and insiuions associaed vih he \nied
Saes Deparmen oI HeaIh and Human Services, and in paricuIar, he OIIice oI he
Secreary oI HeaIh and Human Services (OS), he Adminisraion Ior ChiIdren and IamiIies
(ACI), he Adminisraion on Aging (AOA), he Agency Ior HeaIhcare Research and
QuaIiy (AHRQ), he Agency Ior Toxic Subsances and Disease Regisry (ATSDR), he
Ceners Ior Disease ConroI and Prevenion (CDC), he Iood and Drug Adminisraion
(IDA), he HeaIhcare Iinancing Adminisraion (HCIA), he HeaIh Resources and Services
Adminisraion (HRSA), he Indian HeaIh Service (IHS), he insiuions oI he NaionaI
Insiues oI HeaIh (NIH), he Program Suppor Cener (PSC), and he Subsance Abuse and
MenaI HeaIh Services Adminisraion (SAMHSA). In addiion o hese sources,
inIormaion gahered Irom he NaionaI Library oI Medicine, he \nied Saes Paen OIIice,
he uropean \nion, and heir reIaed organizaions has been invaIuabIe in he creaion oI
his sourcebook. Some oI he vork represened vas IinanciaIIy suppored by he Research
and DeveIopmen Commiee a INSAD. This suppor is graeIuIIy acknovIedged. IinaIIy,
speciaI hanks are oved o TiIIany LaRocheIIe Ior her exceIIen edioriaI suppor.
v
About the EdItors
]ames M. Parker, M..
Dr. ]ames N. Parker received his BacheIor oI Science degree in PsychobioIogy Irom he
\niversiy oI CaIiIornia, Riverside and his M.D. Irom he \niversiy oI CaIiIornia, San
Diego. In addiion o auhoring numerous research pubIicaions, he has Iecured a various
academic insiuions. Dr. Parker is he medicaI edior Ior he -
series pubIished by ICON HeaIh PubIicaions.
PhIIIp M. Parker, Ph..
PhiIip M. Parker is he Ii LiIIy Chair ProIessor oI Innovaion, Business and Sociey a
INSAD (IonainebIeau, Irance and Singapore). Dr. Parker has aIso been ProIessor a he
\niversiy oI CaIiIornia, San Diego and has augh courses a Harvard \niversiy, he Hong
Kong \niversiy oI Science and TechnoIogy, he Massachuses Insiue oI TechnoIogy,
SanIord \niversiy, and \CLA. Dr. Parker is he associae edior Ior he -
series pubIished by ICON HeaIh PubIicaions.
vi
About ICOM HeaIth PubIIcatIons
In addiion o he common coId, - - are avaiIabIe Ior he IoIIoving
reIaed opics:
The OIIiciaI Paien's Sourcebook on Common CoId
The OIIiciaI Paien's Sourcebook on IIu
The OIIiciaI Paien's Sourcebook on Pneumonia
The OIIiciaI Paien's Sourcebook on Sinusiis
To discover more abou ICON HeaIh PubIicaions, simpIy check vih your preIerred onIine
bookseIIers, incIuding Barnes & NobIe.com and Amazon.com vhich currenIy carry aII oI
our iIes. Or, IeeI Iree o conac us direcIy Ior buIk purchases or insiuionaI discouns:
ICON Croup InernaionaI, Inc.
437O La ]oIIa ViIIage Drive, Iourh IIoor
San Diego, CA 92122 \SA
Iax: 858544341
Web sie: vvv.IcongrouponIIne.com/heaIth
Conens vii
TabIe oI Contents
INTROD\CTION...................................................................................... 1
PART I: THE ESSEMTIALS ................................................. 7
CHAPTR 1. TH SSNTIALS ON TH COMMON COLD: C\IDLINS 9
-
--
-
-
-- - --
-
-
CHAPTR 2. SKINC C\IDANC ....................................................... 25
---
---
-
--
CHAPTR 3. CLINICAL TRIALS AND TH COMMON COLD................. 33
-
- --
-
-
PART II: AITIOMAL RESOURCES AM
A\AMCE MATERIAL.................................................. 45
CHAPTR 4. ST\DIS ON TH COMMON COLD .................................. 47
Conens viii
-
-
-
CHAPTR 5. PATNTS ON TH COMMON COLD................................. 1
-
-
CHAPTR . BOOKS ON TH COMMON COLD .................................... 75
- -
- --
-
-
CHAPTR 7. M\LTIMDIA ON TH COMMON COLD.......................... 89
CHAPTR 8. PRIODICALS AND NWS ON TH COMMON COLD....... 91
- - -- --
- -
-
CHAPTR 9. PHYSICIAN C\IDLINS AND DATABASS................... 1O3
-
--
--
-
CHAPTR 1O. DISSRTATIONS ON TH COMMON COLD.................. 117
---
PART III. APPEMICES .................................................. 119
Conens ix
APPNDIX A. RSARCHINC YO\R MDICATIONS.......................... 121
- --
-
--
- - -
-
APPNDIX B. RSARCHINC ALTRNATIV MDICIN ................... 135
-
-
-
-
--
-
APPNDIX C. RSARCHINC N\TRITION......................................... 173
-
-
--
--
APPNDIX D. IINDINC MDICAL LIBRARIS.................................... 187
-
APPNDIX . YO\R RICHTS AND INS\RANC ................................. 195
- -
---
- -
- --- -
--
OMLIME CLOSSARIES.................................................... 207
-
THE COMMOM COL CLOSSARY ............................ 209
Conens x
- ---
IMEX................................................................................... 22
Inroducion 1
IMTROUCTIOM
OvervIev
Dr. C. vere Koop, Iormer \.S. Surgeon CeneraI, once said, The bes
prescripion is knovIedge.
1
The Agency Ior HeaIhcare Research and
QuaIiy (AHRQ) oI he NaionaI Insiues oI HeaIh (NIH) echoes his viev
and recommends ha every paien incorporae educaion ino he reamen
process. According o he AHRQ:
Iinding ou more abou your condiion is a good pIace o sar. By
conacing groups ha suppor your condiion, visiing your IocaI
Iibrary, and searching on he Inerne, you can Iind good inIormaion
o heIp guide your reamen decisions. Some inIormaion may be
hard o Iind especiaIIy iI you don knov vhere o Iook.
2
As he AHRQ menions, Iinding he righ inIormaion is no an obvious ask.
Though many physicians and pubIic oIIiciaIs had hough ha he
emergence oI he Inerne vouId do much o assis paiens in obaining
reIiabIe inIormaion, in March 2OO1 he NaionaI Insiues oI HeaIh issued
he IoIIoving varning:
The number oI Web sies oIIering heaIhreIaed resources grovs
every day. Many sies provide vaIuabIe inIormaion, vhiIe ohers may
have inIormaion ha is unreIiabIe or misIeading.
3
1
Quoaion Iromhttp://vvv.drkoop.com.
2
The Agency Ior HeaIhcare Research and QuaIiy (AHRQ):
http://vvv.ahcpr.gov/consumer/dIagInIo.htm.
3
Irom he NIH, NaionaI Cancer Insiue (NCI):
http://cancertrIaIs.ncI.nIh.gov/beyond/evaIuatIng.htmI.
The Common CoId 2
Since he Iae 199Os, physicians have seen a generaI increase in paien
Inerne usage raes. Paiens IrequenIy ener heir docor s oIIices vih
prined Web pages oI home remedies in he guise oI Iaes medicaI research.
This scenario is so common ha docors oIen spend more ime dispeIIing
misIeading inIormaion han guiding paiens hrough sound herapies.
- has been creaed Ior paiens
vho have decided o make educaion and research an inegraI par oI he
reamen process. The pages ha IoIIov viII eII you vhere and hov o Iook
Ior inIormaion covering viruaIIy aII opics reIaed o he common coId,
Irom he esseniaIs o he mos advanced areas oI research.
The iIe oI his book incIudes he vord oIIiciaI. This reIIecs he Iac ha
he sourcebook dravs Irom pubIic, academic, governmen, and peer
revieved research. SeIeced readings Irom various agencies are reproduced
o give you some oI he Iaes oIIiciaI inIormaion avaiIabIe o dae on he
common coId.
Civen paiens increasing sophisicaion in using he Inerne, abundan
reIerences o reIiabIe Inernebased resources are provided hroughou his
sourcebook. Where possibIe, guidance is provided on hov o obain IreeoI
charge, primary research resuIs as veII as more deaiIed inIormaion via he
Inerne. book and eIecronic versions oI his sourcebook are IuIIy
ineracive vih each oI he Inerne sies menioned (cIicking on a hyperIink
auomaicaIIy opens your brovser o he sie indicaed). Hard copy users oI
his sourcebook can ype cied Web addresses direcIy ino heir brovsers o
obain access o he corresponding sies. Since ve are vorking vih ICON
HeaIh PubIicaions, hard copy - are IrequenIy updaed and
prined on demand o ensure ha he inIormaion provided is curren.
In addiion o exensive reIerences accessibIe via he Inerne, every chaper
presens a VocabuIary BuiIder. Many heaIh guides oIIer gIossaries oI
echnicaI or uncommon erms in an appendix. In ediing his sourcebook, ve
have decided o pIace a smaIIer gIossary vihin each chaper ha covers
erms used in ha chaper. Civen he echnicaI naure oI some chapers, you
may need o revisi many secions. BuiIding one s vocabuIary oI medicaI
erms in such a graduaI manner has been shovn o improve he Iearning
process.
We mus emphasize ha no sourcebook on he common coId shouId aIIirm
ha a speciIic diagnosic procedure or reamen discussed in a research
sudy, paen, or docoraI disseraion is correc or your bes opion. This
sourcebook is no excepion. ach paien is unique. Deciding on appropriae
Inroducion 3
opions is aIvays up o he paien in consuIaion vih heir physician and
heaIhcare providers.
OrganIzatIon
This sourcebook is organized ino hree pars. Par I expIores basic
echniques o researching he common coId (e.g. Iinding guideIines on
diagnosis, reamens, and prognosis), IoIIoved by a number oI opics,
incIuding inIormaion on hov o ge in ouch vih organizaions,
associaions, or oher paien nevorks dedicaed o he common coId. I aIso
gives you sources oI inIormaion ha can heIp you Iind a docor in your IocaI
area speciaIizing in reaing he common coId. CoIIeciveIy, he maeriaI
presened in Par I is a compIee primer on basic research opics Ior paiens
vih he common coId.
Par II moves on o advanced research dedicaed o he common coId. Par II
is inended Ior hose viIIing o inves many hours oI hard vork and sudy. I
is here ha ve direc you o he Iaes scieniIic and appIied research on he
common coId. When possibIe, conac names, Iinks via he Inerne, and
summaries are provided. I is in Par II vhere he vocabuIary process
becomes imporan as auhors pubIishing advanced research IrequenIy use
highIy speciaIized Ianguage. In generaI, every aemp is made o
recommend Ireeouse opions.
Par III provides appendices oI useIuI background reading Ior aII paiens
vih he common coId or reIaed disorders. The appendices are dedicaed o
more pragmaic issues Iaced by many paiens vih he common coId.
Accessing maeriaIs via medicaI Iibraries may be he onIy opion Ior some
readers, so a guide is provided Ior Iinding IocaI medicaI Iibraries vhich are
open o he pubIic. Par III, hereIore, Iocuses on advice ha goes beyond he
bioIogicaI and scieniIic issues Iacing paiens vih he common coId.
Scope
WhiIe his sourcebook covers he common coId, your docor, research
pubIicaions, and speciaIiss may reIer o your condiion using a variey oI
erms. ThereIore, you shouId undersand ha he common coId is oIen
considered a synonym or a condiion cIoseIy reIaed o he IoIIoving:
Common CoId
\pper Respiraory InIecion
The Common CoId 4
ViraI \pper Respiraory InIecion
In addiion o synonyms and reIaed condiions, physicians may reIer o he
common coId using cerain coding sysems. The InernaionaI CIassiIicaion
oI Diseases, 9h Revision, CIinicaI ModiIicaion (ICD9CM) is he mos
commonIy used sysem oI cIassiIicaion Ior he vorId s iIInesses. Your
physician may use his coding sysem as an adminisraive or racking ooI.
The IoIIoving cIassiIicaion is commonIy used Ior he common coId:
4
4O acue nasopharyngiis (common coId)
Ior he purposes oI his sourcebook, ve have aemped o be as incIusive as
possibIe, Iooking Ior oIIiciaI inIormaion Ior aII oI he synonyms reIevan o
he common coId. You may Iind i useIuI o reIer o synonyms vhen
accessing daabases or ineracing vih heaIhcare proIessionaIs and medicaI
Iibrarians.
MovIng Forvard
Since he 198Os, he vorId has seen a proIiIeraion oI heaIhcare guides
covering mos iIInesses. Some are vrien by paiens or heir IamiIy
members. These generaIIy ake a Iayperson s approach o undersanding and
coping vih an iIIness or disorder. They can be upIiIing, encouraging, and
highIy supporive. Oher guides are auhored by physicians or oher
heaIhcare providers vho have a more cIinicaI ouIook. ach oI hese vo
syIes oI guide has is purpose and can be quie useIuI.
As ediors, ve have chosen a hird roue. We have chosen o expose you o
as many sources oI oIIiciaI and peerrevieved inIormaion as pracicaI, Ior
he purpose oI educaing you abou basic and advanced knovIedge as
recognized by medicaI science oday. You can hink oI his sourcebook as
your personaI Inerne age reIerence Iibrarian.
Why Inerne age 7 AII oo oIen, paiens diagnosed vih he common coId
viII Iog on o he Inerne, ype vords ino a search engine, and receive
severaI Web sie Iisings vhich are mosIy irreIevan or redundan. These
paiens are IeI o vonder vhere he reIevan inIormaion is, and hov o
4
This Iis is based on he oIIiciaI version oI he WorId HeaIh Organizaion's 9h Revision,
InernaionaI CIassiIicaion oI Diseases (ICD9). According o he NaionaI TechnicaI
InIormaion Service, ICD9CM exensions, inerpreaions, modiIicaions, addenda, or
erraa oher han hose approved by he \.S. PubIic HeaIh Service and he HeaIh Care
Iinancing Adminisraion are no o be considered oIIiciaI and shouId no be uiIized.
Coninuous mainenance oI he ICD9CM is he responsibiIiy oI he IederaI governmen.
Inroducion 5
obain i. Since onIy he smaIIes Iracion oI inIormaion deaIing vih he
common coId is even indexed in search engines, a nonsysemaic approach
oIen Ieads o Irusraion and disappoinmen. Wih his sourcebook, ve
hope o direc you o he inIormaion you need ha you vouId no IikeIy
Iind using popuIar Web direcories. Beyond Web Iisings, in many cases ve
viII reproduce brieI summaries or absracs oI avaiIabIe reIerence maeriaIs.
These absracs oIen conain disiIIed inIormaion on opics oI discussion.
WhiIe ve Iocus on he more scieniIic aspecs oI he common coId, here is, oI
course, he emoionaI side o consider. Laer in he sourcebook, ve provide a
chaper dedicaed o heIping you Iind peer groups and associaions ha can
provide addiionaI suppor beyond research produced by medicaI science.
We hope ha he choices ve have made give you he mos opions avaiIabIe
in moving Iorvard. In his vay, ve vish you he bes in your eIIors o
incorporae his educaionaI approach ino your reamen pIan.
-
7
PART I: THE ESSEMTIALS
ABOUT PART I
Par I has been edied o give you access o vha ve IeeI are he esseniaIs
on he common coId. The esseniaIs oI a disease ypicaIIy incIude he
deIiniion or descripion oI he disease, a discussion oI vho i aIIecs, he
signs or sympoms associaed vih he disease, ess or diagnosic
procedures ha migh be speciIic o he disease, and reamens Ior he
disease. Your docor or heaIhcare provider may have aIready expIained he
esseniaIs oI he common coId o you or even given you a pamphIe or
brochure describing he common coId. Nov you are searching Ior more in
deph inIormaion. As ediors, ve have decided, neverheIess, o incIude a
discussion on vhere o Iind esseniaI inIormaion ha can compIemen vha
your docor has aIready oId you. In his secion ve recommend a process,
no a paricuIar Web sie or reIerence book. The process ensures ha, as you
search he Web, you gain background inIormaion in such a vay as o
maximize your undersanding.
CuideIines 9
CHAPTER 1. THE ESSEMTIALS OM THE COMMOM COL:
CUIELIMES
OvervIev
OIIiciaI agencies, as veII as IederaIIyIunded insiuions suppored by
naionaI grans, IrequenIy pubIish a variey oI guideIines on he common
coId. These are ypicaIIy caIIed Iac Shees or CuideIines. They can ake
he Iorm oI a brochure, inIormaion ki, pamphIe, or IIyer. OIen hey are
onIy a Iev pages in Iengh. The grea advanage oI guideIines over oher
sources is ha hey are oIen vrien vih he paien in mind. Since nev
guideIines on he common coId can appear a any momen and be pubIished
by a number oI sources, he bes approach o Iinding guideIines is o
sysemaicaIIy scan he Inernebased services ha pos hem.
The MatIonaI InstItutes oI HeaIth (MIH)
5
The NaionaI Insiues oI HeaIh (NIH) is he Iirs pIace o search Ior
reIaiveIy curren paien guideIines and Iac shees on he common coId.
OriginaIIy Iounded in 1887, he NIH is one oI he vorId s Ioremos medicaI
research ceners and he IederaI IocaI poin Ior medicaI research in he
\nied Saes. A any given ime, he NIH suppors some 35,OOO research
grans a universiies, medicaI schooIs, and oher research and raining
insiuions, boh naionaIIy and inernaionaIIy. The rosers oI hose vho
have conduced research or vho have received NIH suppor over he years
incIude he vorId s mos iIIusrious scieniss and physicians. Among hem
are 97 scieniss vho have von he NobeI Prize Ior achievemen in medicine.
5
Adaped Irom he NIH: http://vvv.nIh.gov/about/MIHovervIev.htmI.
The Common CoId 10
There is no guaranee ha any one Insiue viII have a guideIine on a
speciIic disease, hough he NaionaI Insiues oI HeaIh coIIeciveIy pubIish
over OO guideIines Ior boh common and rare diseases. The bes vay o
access NIH guideIines is via he Inerne. AIhough he NIH is organized ino
many diIIeren Insiues and OIIices, he IoIIoving is a Iis oI key Web sies
vhere you are mos IikeIy o Iind NIH cIinicaI guideIines and pubIicaions
deaIing vih he common coId and associaed condiions:
OIIice oI he Direcor (OD), guideIines consoIidaed across agencies
avaiIabIe a http://vvv.nIh.gov/heaIth/consumer/conkey.htm
NaionaI Library oI Medicine (NLM), exensive encycIopedia (A.D.A.M.,
Inc.) vih guideIines avaiIabIe a
http://vvv.nIm.nIh.gov/medIInepIus/heaIthtopIcs.htmI
NaionaI Insiue oI AIIergy and InIecious Diseases (NIAID), guideIines
avaiIabIe a http://vvv.nIaId.nIh.gov/pubIIcatIons/
Ceners Ior Disease ConroI and Prevenion: various Iac shees on
inIecious diseases a http://vvv.cdc.gov/heaIth/dIseases.htm
Among he above, he NaionaI Insiue oI AIIergy and InIecious Diseases
(NIAID) is paricuIarIy noevorhy. The mission oI he NIAID is o provide
suppor Ior scieniss conducing research aimed a deveIoping beer vays
o diagnose, rea, and preven he many inIecious, immunoIogic and
aIIergic diseases ha aIIIic peopIe vorIdvide.