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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 VLAN Configuration .................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 VLAN Overview.................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.1 Introduction to VLAN ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 VLAN Classification................................................................................................. 1-2 1.2 Basic VLAN Configuration ................................................................................................. 1-2 1.3 Basic VLAN Interface Configuration .................................................................................. 1-2 1.4 Port-Based VLAN Configuration ........................................................................................ 1-3 1.4.1 Introduction of Port-Based VLAN ............................................................................ 1-3 1.4.2 Configuring an Access Port-Based VLAN............................................................... 1-5 1.4.3 Configuring a Trunk Port-Based VLAN ................................................................... 1-6 1.4.4 Configuring a Hybrid Port-Based VLAN.................................................................. 1-7 1.5 Displaying VLAN Configuration ......................................................................................... 1-8 1.6 VLAN Configuration Example ............................................................................................ 1-9 1.6.1 Network Requirements............................................................................................ 1-9 1.6.2 Network Diagram..................................................................................................... 1-9 1.6.3 Configuration Procedure ......................................................................................... 1-9 Chapter 2 Voice VLAN Configuration.......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Voice VLAN Overview ....................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Automatic and Manual Voice VLAN Modes ............................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Security and Ordinary Voice VLAN Modes ............................................................. 2-4 2.2 Voice VLAN Configuration ................................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites..................................................................................... 2-4 2.2.2 Configuring Voice VLAN in Automatic Mode .......................................................... 2-5 2.2.3 Configuring Voice VLAN in Manual Mode............................................................... 2-6 2.3 Displaying Voice VLAN...................................................................................................... 2-7 2.4 Voice VLAN Configuration Example .................................................................................. 2-7 2.4.1 Voice VLAN Configuration Example (Automatic Mode).......................................... 2-7 2.4.2 Voice VLAN Configuration Example (Manual Mode) .............................................. 2-9 Chapter 3 GVRP Configuration .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Introduction to GARP......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Introduction to GARP .............................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.2 Introduction to GVRP .............................................................................................. 3-3 3.1.3 Protocols and Standards......................................................................................... 3-4 3.2 Configuring GVRP ............................................................................................................. 3-4 3.2.1 Configuring GVRP................................................................................................... 3-4 3.2.2 Setting GARP Timer................................................................................................ 3-5 3.3 Displaying and Maintaining GARP/GVRP ......................................................................... 3-6
Table of Contents
3.4 GVRP Configuration Example ........................................................................................... 3-7 3.4.1 Example 1 ............................................................................................................... 3-7 3.4.2 Example 2 ............................................................................................................... 3-8 3.4.3 Example 3 ............................................................................................................... 3-9
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VLAN B VLAN A
LAN Switch
VLAN A
VLAN B
VLAN B
Router
Figure 1-1 A VLAN implementation A VLAN can span across multiple switches, or even routers. This enables hosts in a VLAN to be dispersed in a more loose way. That is, hosts in a VLAN can belong to different physical network segments. VLAN enjoys the following advantages.
z
Broadcasts are confined to VLANs. This decreases bandwidth utilization and improves network performance. Network security is improved. Packets of different VLANs are isolated during transmission. That is, hosts in different VLANs cannot communicate with each other directly. To enable communications between different VLANs, network devices operating on Layer 3 (such as routers or Layer 3 switches) are needed.
1-1
Configuration workload is reduced. VLAN can be used to group specific hosts. When the physical position of a host changes, no additional network configuration is required if the host still belongs to the same VLAN.
Port-based VLAN MAC-based VLAN Protocol-based VLAN IP sub network-based VLAN Policy-based VLAN Other VLAN
H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switch supports the port-based VLAN. This chapter will focus on the port-based VLAN.
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Table 1-2 Configure a VLAN interface To do Enter system view Use the command system-view Required Create a VLAN interface and enter VLAN interface view interface vlan-interface vlan-interface-id If the specified VLAN interface does not exist, this command will create it first and then enter VLAN interface view. Optional By default, no IP address is configured for a VLAN interface Optional Specify the description string for the current VLAN interface By default, the description string of a VLAN interface is the name of the VLAN interface, such as Vlan-interface1 interface. Optional By default, if all the ports under the VLAN interface are down, the VLAN interface is down; if one or more ports under the VLAN interface are up, the VLAN interface is up. Remarks
description text
Enable Interface
the
VLAN
undo shutdown
Note: Before creating a VLAN interface, the corresponding VLAN must exist. Otherwise, you cannot create the VLAN interface successfully.
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Access. An access port belongs to only one VLAN; it strips VLAN tags when sending the packets of the VLAN. An access port is generally used to connect a user device.
Trunk. A trunk port can belong to more than one VLAN and receives/sends the packets of multiple VLANs; it is generally used to connect a switch. Hybrid. A hybrid port can also belong to more than one VLAN and receives/sends the packets of multiple VLANs; it is used to connect a switch or a user device.
The difference between the hybrid port and the trunk port is that:
z z
A hybrid port allows the packets from multiple VLANs to be sent without tags. A trunk port only allows the packets from the default VLAN to be sent without tags.
The default VLAN of an access port is the VLAN the access port belongs to and cannot be configured. Both of the trunk port and hybrid port allow multiple VLANs to pass through. You can configure the default VLAN for them. After you delete the default VLAN of a port through the undo vlan command, for an access port, its default VLAN restore to VLAN 1; for a trunk or a hybrid port, its default VLAN configuration remain unchanged, that is, a trunk port or hybrid port can use the presently nonexistent VLAN as the default VLAN.
Note: For ports of a voice VLAN in automatic mode, you cannot configure the voice VLAN as the default VLAN of the ports. If you do so, the system will prompt that you cannot perform the configuration. For information about the voice VLAN, refer to Chapter 2 Voice VLAN Configuration.
The way by which a port processes incoming and outgoing packets depends on the link type and default VLAN configured on it. Refer to the following table for details:
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Table 1-3 Incoming and outgoing packets Incoming packet Port type If no tag is carried in the packet If a tag is carried in the packet
z
Outgoing packet
Access port
z
Receive the packet when the VLAN ID (recorded in the tag) is the same with the default VLAN ID. Drop the packet when the VLAN ID is different with the default VLAN ID.
Remove the tag and send the packet directly for the VLAN ID is just the default VLAN ID.
z z
Trunk port
Hybrid port
Receive the packet when the VLAN ID (recorded in the tag) is the same with the default VLAN ID. Receive the packet when the VLAN ID is different with the default VLAN ID but is allowed on the port. Drop the packet when the VLAN ID is different with the default ID and is not allowed on the port.
When the VLAN ID is the same with the default VLAN ID, remove the tag of the packet first and then send the packet. When the VLAN ID is different with the default VLAN ID but is allowed on the port, keep the original tag and send the packet.
When the VLAN ID is allowed on the port, send the packet. You can configure whether or not to carry tags in the outgoing packets of a VLAN (including default VLAN) through the port hybrid vlan command.
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Table 1-4 Configure an access port-based VLAN (in VLAN view) To do Enter system view Use the command system-view Required Enter VLAN view vlan vlan-id If the specified VLAN does not exist, this command will create the VLAN first and then enter VLAN view of the VLAN. Required port interface-list By default, the system adds all ports to VLAN 1. Remarks
Table 1-5 Configure an access port-based VLAN (in Ethernet port view or port group view) To do Enter system view Enter Ethernet port view Use the command system-view interface interface-type interface-number Use either command Configured in Ethernet port view, the following settings are effective on the current port only; configured in port group view, the following settings are effective on all ports in the port group Optional port link-type access By default, a port is an access port. Required port access vlan vlan-id By default, all access ports belong to VLAN 1. Remarks
Table 1-6 Configure a trunk port-based VLAN To do Enter system view Enter Ethernet port view Use the command system-view interface interface-type interface-number Use either command Configured in Ethernet port view, the following settings are effective on the current port only; configured in port group view, the following settings are effective on all ports in the port group Required port link-type trunk By default, the link type of a port is access. Required Add the current trunk port to specified VLANs port trunk permit vlan { vlan-id-list | all } By default, all trunk ports only allow the packets of VLAN 1 to pass. Optional Set the default VLAN for the trunk port port trunk vlan-id pvid vlan By default, the default VLAN of the trunk port is VLAN 1 Remarks
Note:
z
A trunk port and a hybrid port cannot switch to each other directly but must be configured as an access port first. For example, a trunk port cannot be configured to be a hybrid port directly; you must specify the trunk port as an access port first, and then specify the access port as a hybrid port.
The default VLAN ID of the trunk port on the local switch must be the same as that of the trunk port on the peer switch. Otherwise, the packets of the default VLAN cannot be transmitted correctly from the local end to the peer end.
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Table 1-7 Configure a hybrid port-based VLAN To do Enter system view Enter Ethernet port view or port group view Enter Ethernet port view Enter port group view Use the command system-view interface interface-type interface-number Use either command Configured in Ethernet port view, the following settings are effective on the current port only; configured in port group view, the following settings are effective on all ports in the port group Required port link-type hybrid By default, the link type of a port is access. Required port hybrid vlan vlan-id-list { tagged | untagged } By default, all hybrid ports only allow VLAN 1 packets to pass. Optional Set the default VLAN for the hybrid port. port hybrid vlan-id pvid vlan By default, the default VLAN of the hybrid port is VLAN 1 Remarks
Note:
z
A trunk port and a hybrid port cannot switch to each other directly but must be configured as an access port first. For example, a trunk port cannot be configured to be a hybrid port directly. You must specify the trunk port as an access port first, and then specify the access port to a hybrid port.
The VLANs configured to be permitted to pass through a hybrid port must exist.
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Table 1-8 Display the information about specified VLANs To do Display the information about specified VLANs Display the information about specified VLAN interface Use the command display vlan [ vlan-id1 [ to vlan-id2 ] | all | static | dynamic | reserved ] display interface vlan-interface [ vlan-interface-id ] Remarks
Switch A connects with Switch B through the trunk port GigabitEthernet1/0/1. The default VLAN ID of the port is 100. The port permits the packets from VLAN 2, VLAN 6 through 50, and VLAN 100 to pass.
Switch A
Switch B
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# Configure GigabitEthernet1/0/1 as a trunk port, and configure its default VLAN ID as VLAN 100.
[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100
# Configure GigabitEthernet1/0/1 to permit the packets from VLAN 2, VLAN 6 through 50, and VLAN 100 to pass.
[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 2 6 to 50 100 Please wait... Done.
2)
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Note:
z
An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) address is a globally unique identifier assigned to a vendor by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). You can determine which vendor a device belongs to according to the OUI address which forms the first 24 bits of a MAC address.
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In automatic mode, the system identifies the source MAC address contained in the untagged packet sent when the IP phone is powered on and matches it against the OUI addresses. If a match is found, the system will automatically add the port into the Voice VLAN and send ACL rules to ensure the packet precedence. An aging time can be configured on the device. The system will remove a port from the voice VLAN if no voice packets are received from it within the aging time. The adding and deleting of ports are automatically realized by the system.
In manual mode, the administrator adds the IP phone access port directly to the voice VLAN. The system then identifies the source MAC address contained in the packets on the port, matches it against the OUI addresses, and decides whether to forward the packets in the voice VLAN. When the administrator adds a port to the voice VLAN, the device automatically applies ACL rules to the port to configure packet priority. In this mode, the adding or deleting of ports is realized by the administrators.
In any of the two modes, the port forwards tagged packets in the same manner: forward the tagged packets based on the VLAN IDs contained in them. The above two working modes are configured in Ethernet port view. The voice VLAN working modes of different ports are independent and different ports can be configured to work in different modes. The following table lists the co-relation between voice VLAN modes, voice traffic types of IP phones, and port types. Table 2-2 Port modes and voice stream types Port voice VLAN mode Voice stream type Port type Access Supported or not Not supported Supported Make sure the default VLAN of the port exists and is not a voice VLAN. And the port permits the packets of the default VLAN. Supported Automatic mode Hybrid Make sure the default VLAN of the port exists and is in the list of the tagged VLANs whose packets are permitted by the port.
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Supported or not Not supported Supported Make sure the default VLAN of the port exists and is not a voice VLAN. And the port permits the packets of the default VLAN. Supported Make sure the default VLAN of the port exists and is in the list of the tagged VLANs whose packets are permitted by the port. Supported
Hybrid
Make sure the default VLAN of the port is a voice VLAN. Supported
Make sure the default VLAN of the port is a voice VLAN and the port permits the packets of the VLAN. Supported Make sure the default VLAN of the port is a voice VLAN and is in the list of untagged VLANs whose packets are permitted by the port.
Hybrid
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Caution:
z
If the voice stream transmitted by your IP phone is with VLAN tag and the port which the IP phone is attached to is enabled with 802.1x authentication and 802.1x guest VLAN, assign different VLAN IDs for the voice VLAN, the default VLAN of the port, and the 802.1x guest VLAN to ensure the two functions to operate properly.
If the voice stream transmitted by the IP phone is without VLAN tag, the default VLAN of the port which the IP phone is attached to can only be configured as a voice VLAN for the voice VLAN function to take effect. In this case, 802.1x authentication is unavailable.
Note:
z
The default VLAN of all ports is VLAN 1. You can use the corresponding command to specify a default VLAN for a port, and allow certain VLAN to pass through the port. Relate command 1.4 Port-Based VLAN
Use the display interface command to display the VLANs allowed to pass through a port and the default VLAN of the port.
In security mode, the port with the voice VLAN function enabled allows only the voice packets with source MAC address being recognizable OUI address. Other packets are discarded (including some authentication packets, like 802.1x authentication packets).
In ordinary mode, the port with voice VLAN function enabled allows both voice packets and other types of packets to pass. Voice packets comply with the filtering rule of the voice VLAN and other types of packets comply with the filtering rule of the ordinary VLAN.
You are recommended not to transmit voice data and other service data in the voice VLAN simultaneously. If you need to do so, make sure the voice VLAN mode is ordinary.
VLAN 1 is the default VLAN and do not need to be created. But VLAN 1 does not support the voice VLAN function.
Set an OUI address that can be identified by the voice VLAN Enable the voice VLAN function globally Enter port view Set the voice VLAN operation mode to automatic mode
voice vlan mac-address oui mask oui-mask [ description text ] voice vlan vlan-id enable interface interface-type interface-number
Note: For ports working in automatic mode, you cannot configure the default VLAN as the voice VLAN. Otherwise, the system prompts you cannot perform the configuration.
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Set an OUI address to be one that can be identified by the voice VLAN Enable the voice VLAN function globally Enter port view
voice vlan mac-address oui mask oui-mask [ description text ] voice vlan enable vlan-id
Required
The default voice VLAN operation mode is automatic mode. Required By default, all ports belong to VLAN 1.
When you add a hybrid port to the voice VLAN, you need to configure the hybrid port to keep or strip the VLAN tag of the voice stream. Refer to Table 2-2 Port modes and voice stream types. Optional By default, the default VLAN of all ports is VLAN 1.
Whether you need to configure the voice VLAN as the default VLAN of a port, refer to Table 2-2 Port modes and voice stream types. Required
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Note: Note the following when configuring voice VLAN in manual and automatic modes.
z
You can enable the voice VLAN function for only one static VLAN on a switch. And a dynamic VLAN cannot be configured as a voice VLAN. You cannot enable the voice VLAN function for a port if it has been enabled with the link aggregation control protocol (LACP).
Create VLAN 2 and configure it as a voice VLAN with an aging time of 100 minutes. Configure GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port as a trunk port, with VLAN 6 as the default port. The device allows voice packets from GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 with an OUI address of 0011-2200-0000 and a mask of ffff-ff00-0000 to be forwarded through the voice VLAN.
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VLAN 2
GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
WAN
Figure 2-1 Network diagram for configuration of voice VLAN in automatic mode
description test
# Set the default VLAN of the port to VLAN 6, and the port permits VLAN 6 to pass.
[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 6 [Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 6
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Create VLAN 2 and configure it as a voice VLAN. The voice stream transmitted by the IP phone is untagged, and the port which the IP phone is attached to is a Hybrid port GigabitEthernet1/0/1. GigbitEthernet1/0/1 works in manual mode, and only permits the voice packets with the following features to pass: OUI address is 0011-2200-0000; network mask is ffff-ff00-0000 and description string is test.
VLAN 2
GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
WAN
description test
# Create VLAN 2, and enable the voice VLAN function for it.
[Sysname] vlan 2 [Sysname-vlan2] quit [Sysname] voice vlan 2 enable
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# Configure VLAN 2 as the default VLAN of port GigabitEthernet1/0/1, and allow packets of VLAN 2 to pass through the port.
[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid pvid vlan 2 [Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid vlan 2 untagged
-------------------------------GigabitEthernet1/0/1 MANUAL
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Generally, GARP participants exchange information with each other through the following three types of messages: Join, Leave, and LeaveAll.
z z
Join to announce the willingness to register attributes with other participants. Leave to announce the willingness to deregister with other participants. Together with Join messages, Leave messages guarantee attribute reregistration and deregistration.
LeaveAll to deregister all attributes. A LeaveAll message is sent upon expiration of a LeaveAll timer which starts upon the startup of a GARP application entity.
Through message exchange, all attribute information that needs registration propagates to all GARP participants throughout a bridged LAN. 2) GARP timers
GARP sets interval for sending GARP messages by using these four timers:
z
Hold timer When a GARP application entity receives the first registration request, it starts a hold timer and collects succeeding requests. When the timer expires, the entity sends all these requests in one Join message. This can thus help you save bandwidth.
Join timer A GARP application entity can send a Join message twice to ensure the message can be transmitted to other entities. The sending interval is set on the join timer.
Leave timer Starts upon receipt of a Leave message. When this timer expires, the GARP application entity removes attribute information as requested.
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Leaveall timer Starts when a GARP application entity starts. When this timer expires, the entity sends a LeaveAll message so that other entities can re-register its attribute information. Then, a leaveall timer starts again.
Note:
z
The settings of GARP timers apply to all GARP applications, such as GVRP, running on a LAN. Unlike other three timers which are set on a port basis, the leaveall timer is set in system view and takes effect globally. A GARP application entity may send LeaveAll messages at the interval set by its LeaveAll timer or the leaveall timer of another GARP application entity on the network, whichever is smaller.
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The following table describes the GARP message fields. Table 3-1 Description on the GARP message fields Field Protocol ID Message Description Protocol identifier for GARP One or multiple messages, each containing an attribute type and an attribute list Defined by the concerned GARP application Consists of one or multiple attributes Consists of an Attribute Length, an Attribute Event, and an Attribute Value. If the Attribute Event is LeaveAll, Attribute Value is omitted Number of octets occupied by an attribute, inclusive of the attribute length field 1 0x01 for GVRP, indicating the VLAN ID attribute Value
Attribute
Attribute Length
Attribute Event
Normal Enables a port to dynamically register and deregister VLANs, and to propagate both dynamic and static VLAN information.
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Fixed Disables the port to dynamically register/deregister VLANs or propagate dynamic VLAN information, but allows the port to propagate static VLAN information. A trunk port with fixed registration type thus allows only manually configured VLANs to pass through even though it is configured to carry all VLANs.
Forbidden Disables the port to dynamically register/deregister VLANs, and to propagate VLAN information except for VLAN 1. A trunk port with forbidden registration type thus allows only VLAN 1 to pass through even though it is configured to carry all VLANs.
gvrp
3-4
Note: BPDU TUNNEL is not compatible with GVRP. The two cannot be applied simultaneously on a port. If you want to enable GVRP on a port, you need to disable BPDU TUNNEL first.
Enter Ethernet port view Enter Ethernet port view or port-group view
Optional Set GARP Hold timer, Join timer and Leave timer garp timer { hold | join | leave } timer-value By default, the Hold, Join, and Leave timers are set to 10, 20, and 60 centiseconds respectively.
When configuring GARP timers, note that their values are dependent on each other and must be a multiplier of five centiseconds. If the value range for a timer is not desired, you may change it by tuning the value of another timer as shown in the following table:
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Table 3-4 Dependencies of GARP timers Timer Lower limit Upper limit Not greater than half of the join timer setting Hold 10 centiseconds You can change this value by changing the value of the join timer. Less than half of the leave timer setting You can change this value by changing the value of the leave timer. Less than the leaveall timer setting You can change this value by changing the value of the leaveall timer.
Not less than two times the hold timer setting Join You can change this value by changing the value of the hold timer. Greater than two times the join timer setting Leave You can change this value by changing the value of the join timer. Greater than the leave timer setting Leaveall You can change this value by changing the value of the leave timer
32,765 centiseconds
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Switch A
Switch B
2)
Configure Switch B
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3)
3.4.2 Example 2
I. Network requirements
Enable GVRP on devices and configure the port registration mode as fixed to realize dynamic registration and update of some VLAN information between devices.
Switch A
Switch B
2)
Configure Switch B
3)
3.4.3 Example 3
I. Network requirements
Enable GVRP on devices and configure the port registration mode as forbidden to forbid dynamic registration and update of VLAN information between devices.
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Switch A
Switch B
2)
Configure Switch B
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3)
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