Electric lab

:Objective
. determine and measurre RC time constant _1
familiarization with the structure of the _2
. capacitor and properties
.familiarization with time constant concept _3
familiarization with the behavior of the capacitor _4
during the processes of charging and
.discharging
familiaraization with parallel and series networks_5
. of capacitor
familiraization with methods of measurement in_6
.resistor-capacitor (RC)networks
to learn calculate the effective value of the -7
.capacitor in series and parallel
: Theory
V=Q /C
: Charging capacitor
/
V(t)=Vs(1-e-t
/
I=Imax e-t

, Imax =Vs/R

At

Vc=0.63Vs , I=0.37Imax
: Discharging capacitor
 Electric lab

/
Vc(t)=Vs e-t
/
I(t)=Imax e-t

The effective value of the capacitors in the

:series
Ceq=(c1*c2)/(c1+c2 )…..series
Ceq=c1+c2 ……………..parallel

:(result and digrams(data of table

:table 1
Number of Measured quantity
time
Charging Measured Calculated Calculated
constant
(time (sec (voltage (V (voltage (v (current (µA

0.5 5.875 12.6 13.77032635 40.12

1 11.75 18.3 22.12288447 27.37

1.5 17.625 25.2 27.18922971 16.6

2 23.5 28 30.26228274 10

2.5 29.375 30.6 32.12628025 6.108

3 35.25 31.4 33.2569105 3.7

3.5 41.125 31.6 33.94270796 2.24

4 47 32.5 34.35868672 1.36

4.5 52.875 32.6 34.61100367 0.826

5 58.75 32.8 34.76404956 0.501

 Electric lab

: Question
From the value recorded in table ,draw the
capacitor charging curve (voltage and
?(current
 Electric lab

:Table 2
Number of Measured quantity
time
discharging Measured Calculated Calculated
constant
(time (sec (voltage (V (voltage (v (current (µA

0.5 5.875 16.4 21.22967365 40.12

1 11.75 8.5 12.87711553 27.37

1.5 17.625 5.7 7.810770292 16.6

2 23.5 3.4 4.737717265 10

2.5 29.375 2.1 2.873719754 6.108

3 35.25 1.2 1.743089501 3.7

3.5 41.125 0.8 1.057292036 2.24

4 47 0.5 0.641313282 1.36

4.5 52.875 0.3 0.388996334 0.826

5 58.75 0.2 0.235950435 0.501

:Table 3
 Electric lab

Calculated Time Weasured

(C2(µF (C3 (µF effective effective
constant
capacitance ((sec capacitance
((µF ((µF

25 25 12.5 6.73 14.25

:Table 4
Calculated Time Weasured
(C2(µF (C3 (µF effective effective
constant
capacitance ((sec capacitance
((µF ((µF

25 25 50 25.4 54.04

: Question

describe the process of charging and discharging a-1

? capacitor

Whine the charging the capacitor start the current

the maximum but the voltage start the minimum
, equal zero

Whine the discharging the capacitor start the current

. the maximum and the voltage it is maximum

?..………… what is the time constant ?is there -2

The time constant is the product of the resistor in the

circuit and the capacitor ,not there difference
between the charging time constant and the
discharging time constant because value the
.capacitor and the resistor constant

…… what is an electrolytic capacitor ? why must -3

?.…
 Electric lab

compare the equation for the effective value of-4

?.…… capacitor

. Not equal the common to them it is capacitor

: Calculation
Vs=35*(1-e-5.875/11.75)) =13.77v …………………
charging
Imax=35/470k =0.0744mA
I=0.0744*10-3(e-5.875/11.75)=40.12 µA…charging
.and discharging
Vs=35*(e-5.875/11.75))=21.22v ……………….
discharging
470k*25 µf =11.75 s =

Ceq=(25*25)/25+25=12.5µf
R*C=6.73=470k*Ceq=

Ceq=6.73/470k =14.3µf

Ceq=25+25=50µf
470k*Ceq=25.4
 Electric lab

Ceq=54.04µf
35v=22v*0.63
: Conclusions
the time constant is constant charging and-1
. discharging

the effective in the capacitor contrary to the-2

.resistor