ThePTPTelecomProfileforFrequency Synchronization

TimFrost(presentedbyLeeCosart)
May23,2012

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Agenda
PTP(PrecisionTimeProtocol)Defined TheNatureofPacketTiming Frequency F Synchronization S h i i Architecture A hi
G.803ReferenceChain PacketTimingArchitecture

ThePTPTelecomProfile(G.8265.1)
ObjectivesandDesignFeatures Sou Source ceTraceability aceab ty Multicastvs.Unicast messages RateofTimingMessages MasterSelectionandProtection

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PTP(PrecisionTimeProtocol)Defined

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WhatisthePrecisionTimeProtocol(PTP)?
ProtocolSpecificationfordistributingprecise timeandfrequencyoverpacketnetworks DefinedinIEEEStandard1588
Firstversion(2002)targetedLANapplications Secondversion(2008)expandedapplicability tocovertelecommunicationsnetworks

Timeiscarriedineventmessages transmittedfromaGrandmasterClocktoa SlaveClock RunsoverEthernetand/orIPnetworks Commonlyreferredtoas:

PTP(PrecisionTimeProtocol)orPTPv.2 IEEE15882008orIEEE1588v.2
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WhatisaPTPProfile?
Whatisaprofile?
ProfileswereintroducedinIEEE15882008,toallowotherstandards bodiestotailorPTPtoparticularapplications Profilescontainadefinedcombinationofoptionsandattribute values,aimedatsupportingagivenapplication Allowsinteroperabilitybetweenequipmentdesignedforthat purpose

PTPTelecomProfileforFrequency(G.8265.1)publishedOct.2010
Supportsfrequencysynchronizationovertelecomnetworks Mainusecaseisthesynchronizationofcellularbasestations

TheG.8265.1PTPTelecomProfileenablesthedeploymentof PTPbasedsynchronizationbytelecomoperators
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TheNatureofPacketTiming

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WhatisaPacketTimingSignal?
Conventionaltimingsignal:
Anominallyperiodicsignal,generatedbyaclock:
Significantinstants

Timingjitterandwander

Packettimingsignal:
Anominallyperiodicsignal,generatedbyapacketmasterclock:
Significantinstants

Payload F Payload Payload 44H 4H H

Payload F Payload Payload 44H 3H H

Payload F Payload Payload 44H 2H H

Payload F Payload Payload 44H 1H H

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Packets

(header,payloadandfooter)

PacketDelay Variation

UseofTimestamps
Packettimingsignal:
Asequenceoftimedevents,generatedbyapacketmasterclock:
Si ifi ti Significant instants t t

TS=8

TS=4

TS=1

Packetscontainingtimestamps

Reconstructedfrequency:

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PrecisionTimeProtocol(PTP)
PTPdefinesanexchangeoftimedmessagesoverapacketnetwork
Master Clock Time t1 Sync message Slave Clock Time Data at Slave Clock t2 (t1), t2

Each event message flow (sync, delay req) is a packet timing signal delay_req Master frequency determined by comparison of timestamps in the event message flows
e.g. comparison of t1 to t2 over multiple sync messages, or t3 to t4 in delay_req messages

Follow_Up message containing accurate value of t1 (if required)

t1, t2 Delay_Req message t3 t1, t2, t3

Time offset calculation requires all four timestamps:

Slave S time offset ff = (t ( 1 t2) + ( (t4 t3) 2

t4 Delay_Resp message containing value of t4

assumes symmetrical delays (i.e. the forward path delay is equal to the reverse path delay)
t1, t2, t3, t4

time
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Time offset error = fwd. delay rev. delay 2

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FrequencySynchronizationArchitecture

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FrequencySynchronizationArchitecture
G.803SynchronizationReferenceChain:

PRC

SSU1

Chainofupto 20SECs SEC *

SSUk1

Chainofupto 20SECs SEC *

SSUk

Chainofupto 20SECs SEC *

NE

G.8261ModifiedReference ChaintoincludeSynchronous EthernetClocks(EEC):

PRC

SSU1

Chainofupto 20EECs*

SSUk1

MixedChainofupto 20SECs&EECs*

SSUk

MixedChainofupto 20SECs&EECs*

NE

G.8261ModifiedReference ChaintoincludePacketBasedTiming:
M

Packet Network

PRC

SSU1

Chainofupto 20EECs*

SSUk1

PTPMasterandSlaveconnected bypacketnetwork

SSUk

MixedChainofup to20SECs&EECs*

NE

Packet Network

PRC

SSU1

Chainofupto 20EECs*

SSUk1

MixedChainofup to20SECs&EECs*

SSUk
*

PTPMasterandSlaveconnected bypacketnetwork

NE
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MaximumnumberofSSUs(k)intotalchain =10

MaximumnumberofSECsorEECsintotalchain=60

PacketTimingArchitecture(G.8265)
GeneralPacketTimingArchitecture
PRC PRC Physicallayer syncnetwork Primary PTP PTPGM GM Secondary PTP GM PTP GM Protection TimingFlows PTP GM Primary PTPGM PTPTimingFlows

PacketNetworkTimingProtection
PRC

PTPTimingFlows

PTP Slave l

PTP Slave

PTP Slave

PacketNetwork

PTP Slave

PTP Slave

PacketNetwork

PTP Slave
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ThePTPTelecomProfileforFrequency(G.8265.1)

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PrimeObjectives
TopermitthedistributionoffrequencyusingPTPoverexisting managed,widearea,packetbasedtelecomnetworks Toallowinteroperabilitywithexistingsynchronizationnetworks (suchasSyncE andSDH) Todefinemessageratesandparametervaluesconsistentwith frequencydistributiontotherequiredperformancefortelecom applications Toallowthesynchronizationnetworktobedesignedand configured fi din i afixed fi darrangement t Toenableprotectionschemestobeconstructedinaccordance withstandardtelecomnetworkpractices

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Keydesigndecisions
Noonpathsupport,(e.g.boundaryandtransparentclocks), becausethesearenotgenerallyavailableinexistingnetworks IPv4wasadoptedasthenetworklayerduetoitsubiquity, ubiquity rather thanoperationoverEthernetorotherlowerlayerprotocols ThePTPAnnounce messagewasadaptedtocarrytheQuality Level(QL)indicationsdefinedinG.781,forcontinuitywith SONET/SDHandSyncE synchronizationstatusmessaging. Unicast transmissionwasadoptedovermulticast,sinceitcould b guaranteed be t dto t work koverwide id areatelecoms t l networks t k BMCA(BestMasterClockAlgorithm)wasreplacedbystatic provisioning,allowingthesynchronizationflowtobeplanned, ratherthandynamicallyadjustingitself
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SourceTraceability
EncodesQLvaluesintheclockClass fieldoftheAnnounce message
Providesendtoendtraceabilityofthereferencesourcealongthe synchronizationchain Informstheslaveclock(andsubsequentdevices)ofthequalityofthe timingsource Allowsthetimingchaintobemanagedinasimilarwaytoexisting synchronizationnetworks
EndtoEndSourceTraceability SSM:QLPRC[0010] clockClass:QLPRC[84] SSM:QLPRC

PTP GM PRC PhysicalLayer SynchronizationNetwork PTP Grandmaster PacketNetwork

PTP Slave PTPSlave End Equipment

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SSMQLvaluetoPTPclockClass Mapping
ITUTG.781Network Options SSMQLvalue
0001 0000 0010 0111 0011 0100 0101 0110 1000 1001 00 1101 1010 1011 1100 1110 1111
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OptionI
(2Mhierarchy)

OptionII
(1.5Mhierarchy) QLPRS QLSTU

OptionIII
(6.3Mhierarchy)

PTPclockClass value
80

QLUNK

82 84

QLPRC QLST2

86 88

QLSSUA

QLTNC

90 92 94

decreasing quality, increasing clockClass

QLSSUB

96 98 QLST3E QLST3/QLEEC2 100 102 QLSEC QLSMC QLPROV 104 106 108 110

QLSEC/QLEEC1

QLDNU

QLDUS

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Multicastvs.Unicast
Unicast facilitatestheuseofdistributedmasters
EachmasterslavecommunicationpathbecomesaseparatePTP domain Allowseasierplanningofthesynchronizationnetwork Redundancystrategycanbecarefullymanaged

Unicast packetspropagateuniformlythroughthenetwork
Multicastrequirespacketreplicationateachswitchorrouter Replicationprocessaddsvariabledelay

Multicasthardertoprovisionfornetworkoperators
Upstreammulticastoftennotsupportedintelecomnetworks

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UnicastRegistration
MasteronlyprovidesUnicast service
Nomulticastannouncemessagessent
Master Slave

Slaveismanually yconfigured g withtheIP addressofoneormoremasters SlaverequestsMastertoprovideunicast serviceataspecifiedrate

RequestsAnnounce servicefirst,toverify qualityofthemaster Ifwithincapacitylimits,Masterresponds withservicegrantacknowledgements SlaverequestsSync andDelay_Request serviceonlyifmasterqualityissufficient

Grantsarelimitedduration
Requestsmustbeperiodicallyrepeated Freesupmasterresourcesifslavefails
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RateofTimingMessages
Therateoftimingmessagesrequiredisdependentonseveralfactors
Amountofnoiseinthenetwork Localoscillatorstability Efficiencyofclockservoalgorithm

TheTelecomProfiledefinestherangeofmessageratesMastersand Slavesshouldsupport
Messagerates Announce Sync Delay_Request Minimum 1msg.every 16s 1msg.every 16s 6s 1msg.every 16s Maximum 8messages/s 128 8messages/s 128messages/s Default 1msg.every2s Notdefined Notdefined

Itisnotexpectedthataslavewillachievetherequiredperformanceat allmessagerates
Slavemustrequestthemessageratesneededtomaintainperformance
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PacketTimingSignalFail
Profiledefinesthreetypesofsignalfailure:
PTSFlossAnnounce,wherethePTPSlaveisnolongerreceiving Announce messagesfromtheGM
Thismeansthereisnotraceabilityinformationforthatmaster SlaveshouldswitchtoanalternativeGMafterasuitabletimeoutperiod

PTSFlossSync,wherethePTPSlaveisnolongerreceivingtiming messagesfromtheGM(i.e.Sync orDelay_Response messages)

Thismeansthereisnotiminginformationforthatmaster SlaveshouldswitchtoanalternativeGMafterasuitabletimeoutperiod

PTSFunusable,wherethePTPSlaveisreceivingtiming messages fromtheGM,butisunabletorecovertheclockfrequency

Thismeansthereisnorecoverabletiminginformationforthatmaster Actionisundefined
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MasterSelectionandProtection
Telecomslaveclockconsistsofseverallogicalprotocolinstances, eachcommunicatingwithadifferentgrandmaster SelectionprocessfollowsG.781selectionrules:
Availability,Traceability,Priority
PTPGM 1
Slave Protocol Instance1

Telecom SlaveClock
G.781 based Master Selection Process

PTPGM 2

Packet Network

S a e Slave Protocol Instance2

PTPGM N
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Slave Protocol InstanceN SeparatePTPdomains

ListofN Grandmasters
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AdditionalProtectionFunctions
Nonreversionfunction
Bydefault,aslaveshouldswitchbacktotheoriginalmasteronce thefailureconditionhasbeenrectified Optionally,thisautomaticreversionfunctioncanbedisabled

WaittoRestoreTime
Followsaninitialprotectionswitch,e.g.duetolossoftraceabilityor signalfailure Timewaitedbeforeswitchingbacktotheoriginalhighestpriority master oncethefailureconditionhasbeenrectified master, Impliesslavesmustcontinuallymonitortheoriginalmaster followingaprotectionswitch

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AdditionalTraceabilityFunctions
Forcedtraceability
IfthePTPGMisconnectedtoareferencebyasignalwithnoSSMQLvalue, theinput p canbemanually yforcedtoasuitablevalue

OutputQLHoldOff
AppliestoslaveoutputtimingsignalsthatcarryanSSMQLvalue(e.g.SyncE) ChangeofQLintheincomingPTPclockClass inputshouldbedelayedbefore beingappliedtotheoutput Allowstimeforsynchronizationtoanewreference Avoidsanyunecessary switchingindownstreamequipment

OutputSquelch
OutputclocksignalofaPTPslaveshouldbesquelchedincaseofholdover Preventsendequipmentattemptingtosynchronizetoaclockinholdover OnlyappliestosignalsthatdonotcarryaQLvalue(e.g.a2.048MHz unframedtimingsignal)
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ForFurtherReading
WhitePaper:
SynchronizationforNextGenerationNetworks ThePTPTelecomProfile, Symmetricom WhitePaper,June2011

PrimaryReferences:
IEEEStandardforaPrecisionClockSynchronizationProtocolforNetworked MeasurementandControlSystems,IEEEStd.1588TM2008,24July2008 PrecisionTimeProtocolTelecomProfileforFrequencySynchronization,ITUT RecommendationG.8265.1,October2010

BackgroundReading:
SynchronizationLayerFunctions,ITUTRecommendationG.781,August2008 ArchitectureofTransportNetworksbasedontheSynchronousDigitalHierarchy(SDH), ITUTRecommendationG G.803, 803 March2000 Definitionsandterminologyforsynchronizationinpacketnetworks,ITUT RecommendationG.8260,August2010 TimingandsynchronizationAspectsinPacketNetworks,ITUTRecommendation G.8261,April2008 ArchitectureandRequirementsforPacketBasedFrequencyDelivery,ITUT RecommendationG.8265,October2010
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ThankYou
LeeCosart SeniorTechnologist, Symmetricom,Inc. Email:lcosart@symmetricom.com

Symmetricom,Inc. 2300OrchardParkway SanJose,CA951311017 Tel:+14084287907 Fax:+14084286960

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www.symmetricom.com

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