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ClassifiCation of Body MeMBranes

Classification Membranes
Laszlo Vass, Ed.D. 42-0010-00-01

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Body

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L ab repOrt assistant
This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiments questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor.

Purpo se
What is the purpose of this exercise?

Are there any safety concerns associated with this exercise? If so, list what they are and what precautions should be taken.

Exercise 1: The Microscopic Structure of Cutaneous Membra nes

ObservatiOns
Sketch your observations from the microscope slide in the lab report assistant. Indicate the keratinized layer on the sketch and describe the observed structures and cells.

QuestiOns
A. What keratin? is
A specialized protein that provides the protective barrier the skin needs.

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ClassifiCation of Body MeMBranes B. Why is the skin keratinized?

The keratinized skin protects the body from 70% of all infectious bacteria and viruses it touches.

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Exercise 2: The Microscopic Structure of Mucous Membranes

ObservatiOns
Draw and describe the structures you observed of the following slides: A. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the trachea

B. Stratified squamous epithelium (non-keratinized) of the esophagus

C. Simple columnar epithelium (duodenum) of the small intestine

QuestiOns
A. Compare and contrast the roles of the three mucous membranes.
Mucous membranes are composed of epithelial cells lying on top of loose connective tissues. Serous membranes are epithelial cells that are attached to a small amount of aerolar connective tissues. These membranes are unique because they occur in two layers. Synovial membranes are composed entirely of connective tissue and are found lining the cavities around the joints. These membranes help provide a smooth surface for the movement of joints.

B. What is the role of mucous in the body?

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To essentially protect our bodies from invasions.

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Exercise 3: Observing Synovial Membrane

ObservatiOns

Data Table 1: Observing Synovial Membrane

Tissue Types Membran (epithelial/ e connective) connective Cutaneo Epithelial, us Epithelial, connective Mucous Serous Synovial
Epithelial, connective Connective

Common Location
Skin

Functions

Secretion of oil & sweat Lining of digestive, Secretion of mucus, respiratory & urogenital absorption tracts Lining of close ventral body cavities Secretion of serous fluid, decreases friction Lining of joint cavities of Secretes synovial freely moveable joints fluid, decreases friction

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QuestiOns

ClassifiCation of Body MeMBranes

A. What is the function of the synovial membrane?

It helps provide a smooth surface for the movement of joints

B. Rheumatoid arthritis results in part from an infection and immune response in the synovial membrane. What effect does this have on the ability of this membrane to carry out its functions?
a joint. contributing This membrane secretes synovial fluid, which helps lubricate and reduces friction between bones in An infection in this membrane results in a not-so-smooth surface for the movement of joints therefore to the aches, pain and high level of discomfort typically associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

C. Complete Data Table 1 under observations.

Conclusion
Research pleurisy, peritonitis, and pericarditis. What are these conditions and how do they affect homeostasis in the body? Pleurisy- inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest that leads to chest pain when you take a breath or cough Peritonitis- inflammation of the thin tissues that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. Usually causes the belly to be very painful and tender. Pericarditis- condition in which the pericardium (sac-like covering around the heart) becomes inflamed. Chest pain is almost always present, pain may also be felt in the neck, shoulder, back, or abdomen. The inflammation of these different parts of the body do not allow them to function properly, thus not allowing them to properly protect the body from invasion or harm.

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