AC/DC Converter - AC mains input is directly rectified and then filtered to obtain a DC voltage.

The resulting DC voltage is then switched on and off at a high frequency by electronic switching circuitry, thus producing an AC current that will pass through a high-frequency transformer or inductor. Ammeter is a measuring instrument used to measure the electric current in a circuit. It is used t o measure smaller currents, in the milliampere or microampere range, are designated as milliammeters or microammeters. Automatic Voltage regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. A voltage regulator may be a simple "feed-forward" design or may include negative feedback control loops. It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages Bar magnet has uses based on its magnetic attraction. This magnetic attraction draws other ferromagnetic materials to it or the bar magnet towards them. These uses include: picking up small ferromagnetic items such as screws and metal shavings; being used as magnetic stirring rods on laboratory hotplates; and holding papers and other items to the sides of refrigerators. Breadboard A breadboard (protoboard) is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. The term is commonly used to refer to solderless breadboard (plugboard). Because the solderless breadboard does not require soldering, it is reusable. This makes it easy to use for creating temporary prototypes and experimenting with circuit design. Older breadboard types did not have this property. Capacitor - A capacitor (originally known as condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric. Connecting wires/Electric wire A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, flexible strand or rod of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical loads and to carry electricity and telecom-munication signals. Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Dry cell is used for storing electricity. We use them in our offorad and race vehicles. In the event of a rollover or crash, the a normal wet cell would leak acid all over you and may cause a fire if heat or spark is applied. A dry cell would not would leak acid all over and can be mountwed in any position, even upside down. Electric motor An electric motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction of magnetic fields and currentcarrying conductors to generate force. Electrostatic generator An electrostatic generator, or electrostatic machine, is a mechanical device that produces static electricity, or electricity at high voltage and low continuous current. Electrostatic generators operate by using manual (or other) power to transform mechanical work into electric energy. They develop electrostatic charges of opposite signs rendered to two conductors, using only electric forces. They work by using moving plates, drums, or belts to carry electric charge to a high potential electrode. Flat screw driver A screwdriver is a tool for driving screws or bolts with special slots, and sometimes for rotating other machine elements with the mating drive system. The screwdriver is made up of a head or tip,

which engages with a screw, a mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip, and some way to position and support the screwdriver. Light emitting diode A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source.[3] LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices and are increasingly used for other lighting. Introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962,[4] early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. Light bulb produces light by heating a filament wire to a high temperature until it glows. The hot filament is protected from oxidation in the air with a glass enclosure that is filled with inert gas or evacuated. In ahalogen lamp, filament evaporation is prevented by a chemical process that redeposits metal vapor onto the filament, extending its life. Long nose pliers Use long-nose pliers for a multitude of tasks to make jobs easier. Long-nose pliers, also sometimes called chain-nose pliers, snipe-nose pliers, linemans or needle-nose pliers, are all names for pliers with long, thin noses. The nose on pliers is the two-part mechanism that meets for gripping when the jaws of the pliers are closed. Meterstick is an instrument used to measure, distance, length, width and height. Multi-tester A multitester or multimeter is a device which can be used to gather data about electrical circuits. A basic multitester can measure resistance, voltage, and continuity, while more advanced versions may be able to provide additional data. Philip screw driver Phillips screw driver is primarily used to fasten and unfasten screws with a star-like hole in their heads. Resistor Resistors are electrical components, usually conductors, that help control current flow in a circuit. A high resistance means that there is less current available for a given voltage. Resistors turn electrical energy into heat and this is caused by collisions between the electrons and ions inside of them when they are carrying current. Rheostat is an adjustable or variable resistor. It is used to control the electrical resistance of a circuit without interrupting the flow of current. Rheostat has 3 terminals and usually consist of a resistive wire wrapped to form a toroid coil with a wiper that slides along the surface of the coil. It is most often designed with a ceramic core. Rheostats are used in applications that require high voltage and current. Soldering iron A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering. It supplies heat to melt the solder so that it can flow into the joint between two workpieces. A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. Heating is often achieved electrically, by passing an electric current (supplied through an electrical cord or battery cables) through a resistive heating element. SPST switch The simplest and easiest switch to use is the SPST switch. SPST stands for Single Pole, Single Throw and represents the common on/off switch. As the lever moves from the off position to the on position, the internal contacts close. This allows current to flow through the circuit and powers the device connected to the switch. Steel tape is an instrument made of metal with smaller scale up to tenths. It is used to measure length, width and height. It is also used to measure long distances.

Tangent galvanometer it is used to measure the presence as well as the direction and power of currents. It typically has a vertical copper wire coil, wrapped around a circular frame, and a compass in the middle. The compass needle generally responds to the magnetic field of the electrical current, which is compared to the Earths magnetic field in the experiment. Voltmeter A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit; digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by use of analog to digital converter. Wheatstone bridge A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component. Its operation is similar to the original potentiometer. Wire stripper A simple manual wire stripper is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters. The addition of a center notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting the wire. This type of wire stripper is used by rotating it around the insulation while applying pressure in order to make a cut around the insulation Soldering lead is a fusible metal alloy used to join together metal workpieces and having a melting point below that of the workpiece(s). Connecting wire - it is usually pliable metallic strand or rod made in many lengths and diameters, sometimes clad and often electrically insulated, used chiefly for structural support or to conduct electricity. Phillip screwdriver - - a handtool used for Phillips screws