Code No: R5220303 1

II B.Tech. II Semester(R05) Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2009

MECHANICS OF FLUIDS
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Derive the expression for centre of pressure for a vertical plane surface submerged in liquid.
(b) Determine the intensity of shear of an oil having viscosity =1 poise. The oil is used for
lubricating the clearance between a shaft of diameter 10cm and its journal bearing. The
clearance is 1.5mm and the shaft rotates at 150 r.p.m

2. Water flows through a pipe AB 1.2m diameter at 3m/s and then passes through a pipe BC
1.5m diameter. At c the pipe branches. Branch CD is 0.8m in diameter and carries one third
of the slow in AB. The flow velocity in branch CE is 2.5m/s. Find the volume rate of flow in
AB, the velocity in BC, the velocity in CD and the diameter of CE.

3. (a) A horizontal venturimeter with inlet diameter 20cm and throat diameter 10cm is used to
measure the flow of oil of Sp. gr. 0.8. The discharge of oil through venturimeter is 60
liters/s. Find the reading of the oil-mercury differential manometer. Take Cd =0.98.
(b) Write short notes on pitot tube.

4. (a) Define and derive the equation of forced vortex flow.

(b) An open circular tank of 20cm diameter and 100cm long contains water upto a height of
60cm. The tank is rotated about its vertical axis at 300 r.p.m. Find the depth of parabola
formed at the free surface of water.

5. (a) Explain laminar boundary layer over a thin flat plate.

(b) Find the displacement and momentum thickness for the velocity distribution in the bound-
ary layer given by u/v = 2(y/δ) − (y/δ)2 .

6. Two sharp ended pipes of diameters 50mm,100mm respectively each of length 100m are con-
nected in parallel between two reservoirs which have a difference of level of 10m. If the coefficient
of friction for each pipe is 4f=0.32, find the rate of flow for each pipe and also the diameter
of a single pipe 100m long which would give the same discharge if it were substituted for the
original two pipes.

7. A fluid of viscosity 0.7N S/m2 and G=1.3 is flowing through a circular pipe of diameter 100mm.
The maximum shear stress at the pipe wall is given as 196.2N/m2 . Find the pressure gradient,
the average velocity and Reynolds number of the flow.

8. (a) Explain propagation of pressure waves in a compressible fluid.

(b) Find the velocity of bullet fired in standard air if the Mach angle is 300 . Take R=287.14J/Kg
and k=1.4 for air. Assume temperature as 150 C.

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Code No: R5220303 2
II B.Tech. II Semester(R05) Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2009
MECHANICS OF FLUIDS
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Write short notes on any two fluid properties.

(b) Determine the total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 1.5m which is placed vertically
in water in such a way that the center of the plate is 3m below the free surface of water.
Find the position of centre of pressure also.

2. (a) Derive the continuity equation for one dimensional flow.

(b) A 30cm diameter pipe conveying water branches into two pipes of diameter 20cm and
15cm respectively. If the average velocity in the 30cm diameter pipe is 2.5m/s, find the
discharge in this pipe. Also determine the velocity in 15cm pipe if the average velocity in
20cm diameter pipe is 2m/s.

3. (a) A 450 reducing bend is connected in a pipe line, the diameters at the inlet and outlet of
the bend being 600mm and 300mm respectively. Find the force exerted by water on the
bend, if the intensity of pressure at inlet to bend is 8.829N/cm2 and rate of flow of water
is 600 lps.
(b) Define free and forced vortex flow.

4. An orifice meter with orifice diameter 15cm is inserted in a pipe of 30cm diameter.The pressure
gauges fitted upstream and downstream of the orifice meter give readings of 14.715N/cm2 and
9.81N/cm2 respectively. Find the rate of flow of water through the pipe taking Cd = 0.6.

5. (a) Define displacement momentum and energy thicknesses.

(b) Find the displacement and momentum thickness for the velocity distribution in the bound-
ary layer given by u/v = y/δ, where u is the velocity at a distance y from the plate and
u=U at y = δ where δ=boundary layer thickness.

6. A pipe of diameter 0.4m and of length 2000m is connected to a reservoir at one end. The other
end of the pipe is connected to a junction from which two pipes of lengths 1000m and diameter
300mm run in parallel. These parallel pipes are connected in another reservoir which is having
level of water 10m below the water level of the above reservoir. Find the total discharge if
f=0.015. Neglect minor losses.

7. A crude oil of viscosity 0.97 poise and relative density 0.9 is flowing through a horizontal circular
pipe of diameter 100mm and of length 10m. Calculate the difference of pressure at the two
ends of the pipe if 100kg of the oil is collected in a tank in 30 seconds.

8. (a) Define Mach number, mach cone, zone of action and zone of silence.
(b) A projectile is traveling in air having pressure and temperature as 8.829 N/cm2 and −20 C.
If the mach angle is 400 , find the velocity of the projective. Take k=1.4 and R=287J/kg
k.

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Code No: R5220303 3
II B.Tech. II Semester(R05) Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2009
MECHANICS OF FLUIDS
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Explain Newtons law of viscosity.

(b) A simple U-tube manometer containing mercury is connected to a pipe in which a fluid of
specific gravity 0.8 and having vacuum pressure is flowing. The other end of the manometer
is open to atmosphere. Find the vacuum pressure in pipe, if the difference of mercury level
in the two limbs is 40 cm and the height of fluid in the left from the centre of pipe is 15cm
below.

2. Explain classification of flows.

3. (a) An oil of G=0.8 is flowing through a venturimeter having inlet diameter 20cm and throat
diameter 10cm. The oil-mercury differential manometer shows a reading of 25cm. Calcu-
late the discharge of oil through the horizontal venturimeter. Take Cd = 0.98.
(b) Write short notes on hot wire anemometers

4. (a) What is momentum equation and give its applications.

(b) An open circular cylinder of 15cm diameter and 100cm long contains water upto a height
of 70cm. Find the speed at which the cylinder is to be rotated about its vertical axis, so
that the axial depth becomes zero.

5. (a) How can you prevent the separation of boundary layer?

(b) A thin plate is moving in still atmospheric air at a velocity of 5m/s. The length of the
plate is 0.6m and width 0.5m. Find the thickness of the boundary layer at the end of
the plate and drag force on one side of the plate. Take density of air as 1.24kg/m3 and
γ = 0.15stokes.

6. For a town water supply a main pipe line of diameter 0.4m is required. As pipes more than
0.35m diameter are not readily available two parallel pipes of same diameter were used for
water supply. It the total discharge in the parallel pipes is same as in the single main pipe find
the diameter of the parallel pipe. Assume ‘f’ is same for all pipes.

7. Water is flowing between two large parallel plates which are 2mm apart. Find maximum
velocity, the pressure drop per unit length and the shear stress at walls of the plate if the
average velocity is 0.4m/s. Take viscosity of water as 0.01 Poise.

8. (a) Define Mach number. Also give the classification of flow based on this.
(b) Calculate the Mach number at a point on a jet propelled air craft, which is flying at 1100
km/hour at sea-level where air temperature is 200 C. Take k=1.4 and R=287 J/kg.k.

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Code No: R5220303 4
II B.Tech. II Semester(R05) Supplementary Examinations, April/May 2009
MECHANICS OF FLUIDS
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Explain manometer in brief.

(b) A rectangular plane surface is 2m wide and 3m deep. It lies in vertical plane in water.
Determine the total pressure and position of centre of pressure on the plane surface when
its upper edge is horizontal and coincides with water surface.

2. (a) Define stream function and velocity potential function.

(b) It for a two-dimensional potential flow the velocity potential is given by φ=x(2y-1) deter-
mine the velocity at the point P(4,5). Determine also the value of stream function ψ at
the point P.

3. (a) Derive Bernoullis equation and state assumptions.

(b) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 20cm and 10cm at sections 1 and 2
respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35litres/s. The section 1 is 6m above datum
and section 2 is 4m above datum. If the pressure at section 1 is 39.24N/cm2 find the
intensity of pressure at section 2.

4. (a) Give a classification of notches and weirs.

(b) The head of water over a rectangular notch is 900mm. The discharge is 300lps. Find the
length of the notch when Cd = 0.62.

5. (a) Explain separation of boundary layer.

(b) A plate of 600mm length and 400mm wide is immersed in a fluid of G=0.9 and kinematic
viscosity =10−4 m2 /s. The fluid is moving with a velocity of 6m/s. Find boundary layer
thickness and shear stress at the end of the plate.

6. An old water supply distribution pipe of 250mm diameter of a city is to be replaced by two
parallel pipes of smaller equal diameter having equal lengths and identical friction factor values.
Find out the new diameter required.

7. Calculate the pressure gradient along flow the average velocity and the discharge for an oil of
viscosity 0.02N s/m2 flowing between two stationary parallel plates 1m wide maintained 10mm
apart. The velocity midway between the plates is 2m/s

8. (a) An aeroplane is flying at a height of 15km where the temperature is −500 C. The speed
of the plane is corresponding to M=2. Assume K=1.4 and R=287J/kg k, find the speed
of the plane.
(b) Find the sonic velocity for the following fluids.
i. Crude oil of G=0.8 and bulk modulus 153036N/cm2 .
ii. Mercury having a bulk modulus of 2648700N/cm2 .

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