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AttheSeizureoftheMoon:

TheritualinstructionsforthefamousMithrasLiturgytellthemagiciantobeginthecomplex preparationsfortheencounterwiththesupremesungodMithras"attheseizureofthe moon,"thatis,atthetimeofthenewmoon,whenthemoonisabsentfromtheheavens.This absenceofthemoonisnotmerelyanisolatedritualdetail,butratheritcorrespondstoa patternthroughoutthewholespell,inwhichtheabsenceofthemooniscrucialtothe magician'sprojectofimmortalizationthroughhiscontactwiththepowersofthesun.This patternrevealsthesignificanceofthesunandmooninthecosmologyofthecompilerofthe GreatParisMagicalPapyrus. Notonlymustthemagicointmentofimmortalizationbepreparedatthenewmoon,but otherritualpreparationsmustbedone"atthetimeofthenewmoonintheLion,"again,inthe absenceofthemoon.Themoonisnotmerelyabsentfromtheritualpreparations,buteven fromtheexperienceofthemagicianinthespellitself.Asthemagicianascendsthroughthe cosmosontheraysofthesuntotheencounterwiththesupremegod,he(orshe)passes throughtheairandwinds,theplanetsandstars,andthedoorsofthesun.Inthisjourney,the moonisconspicuouslyabsentfromherplaceatthenexusofthemundaneworldandthe celestialworldofplanetsandstars.Althoughthemagicianaddressesprayerstotheplanets andstarsandtothedeitiesofthesuntospeedthejourney,noprayerappealstothepowerof themoon. Thesignificanceofthemoon'sabsencefromtheMithrasLiturgyliesinthemoon'sroleasa powerofgenesis,ofbringingsoulsdownfromtheupperrealmsintotheworldbelow.Inhis CaveoftheNymphs,Porphyrylinkstheprocessofapogenesistothesunandthatofgenesis tothemoon."Thetheologiansmakethe'gates'ofsoulsthesunandthemoon,theascent takingplacethroughthesunandthedescentthroughthemoon."(Porphyry29,OntheCave oftheNymphs,RobertLamberton,trans.,StationHillPress:Barrytown,NewYork,1983,p. 37.)ContrastswithdifferentNeoplatonistcosmologiesandwiththeideasofMithraismas representedinthesurvivingmonumentsshowthatthecosmologyoftheMithrasLiturgy assignsanunusuallynegativeroletothemoonandtheprocessofgenesis.Whileinother Neoplatonictheurgicalsystems,suchastheChaldaeanOracles,themooncanplayapositive roleforthetheurgistseekingtoconnectwiththehigherrealms,intheMithrasLiturgythe magicianmustavoidthepresenceofthemooninthevoyageupontheraysofthesunupto thehighestgod.Onlythepowersofapogenesisareinvokedinthisspell,andanyhintofthe powersofgenesismustbeexcluded. ThisseparationwithintheMithrasLiturgyparallelstheorganizationoftheGreatParis MagicalPapyrusitself.TheMithrasLiturgy,lines475829ofthepapyrus,comesinthefirst sectionofthepapyrus,whichcontainsanumberofspellsthatinvokeorappealtothepower ofthesun,undervariousepithets.Noneofthesespellsinvokethemooninanyaspect.By contrast,thefinalsectionofthepapyruscontainsanumberofspellsinvokingthemoonas Selene,Hekate,Artemis,Persephone,orotherunderworldgoddess,anditcontainsnoneof theinvocationstoHelioscommoninthefirstpartofthepapyrus.Thepapyrusisroughly dividedintosunspellsandmoonspells,showingthatthecompilerofthepapyrusthoughtof solarandlunarinvocationsasseparatecategories. ThecuriousabsenceofthemoonintheMithrasLiturgyintheritualtiming,inthemagician's voyagethroughtheheavens,andevenintheorganizationofthepapyrus,providesaninsight

TheAbsenceoftheMoonintheMithrasLiturgy

intothecosmologyunderlyingthespell.Thesupremegod,invokedasMithrasHelios,isa solardeitywhocanredeemthemagicianfromgenesis,whilethemoonrepresentsthepowers ofgenesis,whoseinfluencemustbekeptawayfromtheprocessofimmortalization.

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