A&P airframe chapters 13-15

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1.

What controls the temperature in a thermal anti-icing system: Hot and cold air is mixed. What are the sources of heat for thermal anti-icing system: Bleed air from the compressor section of a tubine engine, engine exhaust heat exchangers and combustion heaters.

18.

Describe the operation of a pneumatic rain removal system: A high velocity air blast prevents the tain from reaching the surface of the windshield.

2.

19.

What are the effects of spraying rain repellant on a dry windshield: It smears and streaks, which reduces visibility, and it is hard to remove when dry.

3.

What prevents overheating of the leading edges of a thermal anti-icing system operated by engine bleed air: Overheat sensors signal the anti-icing valves to close and shut off the hot air

20.

Where would you find information on the acceptable limits of windshield delamination: In reference material provided by the manufacturer.

21.

Is there any special requirement as to the type of oxygen used in an aircraft system, and if so, what is it: Only aviator's breathing oxygen should be used.

4.

What happens to the hot air used by a thermal anti-icing system after it has heated the surface: The air is dumped (exhausted) overboard
22.

Describe the operating principle of a continuous-flow system: High-pressure oxygen flows from the storage cylinder to a pressure regulator where its pressure is reduced and then to the mask outlets whenever the system is turned on.

5.

Why is it necessary to provide overheat protection for anti-icing systems that use turbine bleed air: The air is hot enough to cause damage to the aircraft structure.

6.

What are the effects of arcing on an electrically heated windshield: Localized overheating and damage to the windshield.

23.

Describe the operating principle of a pressure demand oxygen system: Demand systems allow oxygen to flow from the cylinder to the regulator and then to the mask only when the user inhales. Pressure-demand systems provide oxygen to the mask at higher than atmospheric pressure when used at extremely high altitudes. forcing oxygen into the user's lungs.

7.

Can the operation of an electrically heated pitot-tube be checked with the aircraft's ammeter, and if so, how: Yes, turn on the pitot heater on and watch the deflection of the ammeter needle

24.

What should be used to purge an oxygen system of moisture: Oxygen, dry air, or dry nitrogen. What action must be taken when an oxygen system has been open to the atmosphere: The sytem must be purged of any moisture.

8.

Describe several potential problems associated with electrically heated windshields: Arcing, delamination,scratches, and discoloration
25.

9.

Why do some pneumatic deicer boot systems have an electrically operated timer: To automatically cycle the boots. provide the proper rest time. and then recycle the boots.
26.

Describe the safety precautions that should be observed when servicing oxygen systems: Avoid all contact with petroleum-based oil or grease, don't smoke, keep everything very clean, service systems outdoors if at all possibe, and keep the caps on the bottles to protect the valves.

10.

What are the two common methods of inflating pneumatic deicer boots: Bleed air from a turbine engine or exhaust from an engine-driven vacuum pump

11.

What procedure is used to hold deicer boots flat with the airfoil surface during flight: Suction is applied to the boots

27. 28.

What is a Roots Blower: A type of engine-driven compressor Name two different types of independent cabin air compressors: Positive displacement and centrifugal What is the source of pressurization air in most jet aircraft: Engine bleed air What device provides the principle means of controlling cabin pressure: The outflow valve what unit regulates the position of an outflow valve: The cabin pressure controller Name several methods used on reciprocating engine aircraft for providing heated cabin air: Exhaust shroud heat exchangers, combustion heaters, electric heaters

12.

Why do some deicer boots systems incorporate an oil separator: If a wet pump system is used, the oil must be removed before it reaches the boots because oil damages rubber

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13.

What methods are used to attach a deicer boot to the leading edges of the wing and tail surfaces: Adhesives, fairing strips and screws, or a combination of both
31.

14.

What important step should be taken to making a coldpatch repair to a deicer boot: Consult the manufacturer's service manual and follow the repair instructions explicitly.

32.

15.

Describe the methods commonly used to remove rain from a windshield: Windshield wipers, blast of air, or chemical rain repellant.

33.

What is the function of the ventilating air in a combustion heater: Ventilating air transports the heat from the heater into the cabin and prevents combustion gases from entering the cabin if the combustion chamber develops a crack.

16.

What power sources are used to operate windshield wipers: Electricity or hydraulic pressure.
34.

What are the sources of ventilating air in a combustion heater: Ram air in flight, blower on the ground, or possibly a compressor if the airplane is pressurized.

17.

Name two problems associated with in-flight operation of aircraft windshield wipers: Insufficient blade pressure caused by aerodynamic forces and failure to oscillate fast enough

35.

Name the basic components of an air-cycle cooling system: The compressor and expansion turbine, heat exchangers, and various valves.

53.

What are drip gauges and sight gauges: Underwing, bayonet-type fuel gauges. What is the purpose of an in-transit light associated with an electrically operated fuel tank shutoff valve: To provide an indication that the valve is in motion between one position and another

54.

36.

Describe the basic operating principles that allow an air-cycle system to produce cool air: Hot engine bleed air is cooled in the primary heat exchanger. compressed. then cooled again in the secondary heat exchanger. This air is expanded across the turbine where energy is extracted and the pressure is reduced. This produces a large temperature drop.

55.

For what reason is a fuel jettison system usually divided into two separate, independent, one for each wing: To help maintain lateral stability by jettisoning fuel from a heavy wing if necessary.

37.

Describe the basic operating principles of a water separator: Cool, moist air is swirled so that water droplets are separated by centrifugl force, captured by sock, and drained.
56.

What procedures should be followed regarding gaskets and seals when replacing fuel system components: All old gaskets and seals should be replaced with new ones

38.

Name the principle components of a vapor-cycle system: A ccompressor, condenser, expansion valve, and an evaporator.
57.

Is it possible for a fuel system to develop a leak that has no visible evidence such as a stain or spot, and if so, how: YES, An internal component such as a valve could develop a leak.

39.

In what significant way is a vapor-cycle cooling system different from an air-cycle system: Vapor-cycle systems use a refrigerant liquid, usually Freon.

40.

Why is oil added to the refrigerant in a vapor-cycle air conditioning system: To lubricate the compressor. Why do some aircraft have fuel jettison systems: To allow the crew to reduce the weight of the aircraft down to or below the maximum allowable landing weight

58.

How is a fuel tank checked for leaks following a patch or welded repair.: The tank is slightly pressurized with air and the repaired area is leak-checked with a soap and water solution.

41.

59.

Name some advantages of a single-point fueling system: It reduces fueling time, reduces chances for contamination and fire, and eliminates damage to the aircraft skin.

42.

Is there any reason why a fuel jettison system might be required on a small aircraft: Yes, if the maximum takeoff weight exceeds the maximum allowable landing weight, a jettison system would be required.
60.

Why should you wait for a period of time after fueling an aircraft before checking the fuel sumps: To allow time for water and contaminants to settle to the drain point.

43.

What are some other names for a single-point fueling system: An underwing or pressure fueling system Why do multi-engine airplanes have fuel crossfeed systems: To allow any engine to draw fuel from any tank The fuel selector valve for a multi-engine aircraft must have at least three positions. What are they: ON,OFF,and Crossfeed.

44.

45.

46.

Why do some fuel tanks have internal baffles: To resist fuel surging or sloshing caused by changes in the attitude of the aircraft.

47.

What are the two types of fuel cells: Intergral or wet wing fuel cells, and bladder-type fuel cells. What does the term wet wing mean: It means that sealed portions of the aircraft wing structure form the fuel tank(s). How is the weight of the fuel supported when bladdertype fuel cells are used: The bladder is supported by the aircraft structure which contains it.

48.

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50.

Why do turbine-engine aircraft have fuel temperature indicating systems: To allow the crew to determine if the fuel is cold enough to produce a danger of the formation of ice crystals

51.

Name four types of fuel quantity gauging systems currently in use: Sight gauges, mechanical, electric, and electronic gauges.

52.

Why are electronic (capacitance-type) fuel quantity indicating systems more accurate than other types: They measure the mass of the fuel instead of the volume.